Scrambler Guide

Series 8656
x
Scrambler
Installation and Operation Guide

Please read this entire guide
Veuillez lire entirement ce guide
Bitte das gesamte Handbuch durchlesen
Srvase leer completamente la presente gua
Si prega di leggere completamente questa guida

Important
Please read this entire guide before you install or operate this product. Give
particular attention to all safety statements.

Important
Veuillez lire entirement ce guide avant d'installer ou d'utiliser ce produit. Prtez
une attention particulire toutes les rgles de scurit.

Zu beachten
Bitte lesen Sie vor Aufstellen oder Inbetriebnahme des Gertes dieses Handbuch in
seiner Gesamtheit durch. Achten Sie dabei besonders auf die Sicherheitshinweise.

Importante
Srvase leer la presente gua antes de instalar o emplear este producto. Preste
especial atencin a todos los avisos de seguridad.

Importante
Prima di installare o usare questo prodotto si prega di leggere completamente
questa guida, facendo particolare attenzione a tutte le dichiarazioni di sicurezza.

Series 8656
X
Scrambler
Installation & Operation Guide

Notices

Trademark acknowledgments
Scientific-Atlanta is a registered trademark of Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
8600
X
is a trademark of Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
All other trademarks shown are trademarks of their respective owners.

Copyright
1998 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of
America.
Information in this publication is subject to change without notice. No part of this
publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by photocopy,
microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information
retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express
permission of Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.

504081 Rev D v
Important Rules for Safe Operation

Warning

WARNING!
THESE SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL
ONLY. TO REDUCE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY
SERVICING OTHER THAN THAT CONTAINED IN THE OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS UNLESS YOU ARE QUALIFIED TO DO SO. REFER ALL SERVICING
TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.

Notice for CATV installers
If you are a CATV installer, read the information in the box below.

Read and retain instructions
Carefully read all safety and operating instructions before operating this product,
and retain them for future reference.

Heed warnings
Follow all warnings and cautions in the operating instructions, as well as those
that are affixed to this product.
504081 Rev D vi
Continued on next page
504081 Rev D vii
Important Rules for Safe Operation, Continued

Followinstructions
Follow all operating instructions that accompany this product.

Cleaning
Before cleaning, unplug this product from the socket-outlet. Do not use liquid or
aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for cleaning.

Water and moisture
Do not expose this product to moisture. Do not place this product on a wet
surface, or spill liquids on or near this product.

Placement
Place this product close enough to a main AC socket-outlet to accommodate the
length of the product power cord.
Make sure the mounting surface is stable and can support the size and weight of
this product.

WARNING!
AVOID PERSONAL INJURY AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! AN UNSTABLE
SURFACE MAY CAUSE THIS PRODUCT TO FALL.

504081 Rev D viii

Accessories

Caution:
Maintain electrical safety! Power-operated equipment or accessories that you
connect to this product should bear the UL listing mark or CSA certification
mark on the accessory itself, and should not be modified so as to defeat the
safety features. This will help avoid any potential for electric shock or fire. If
in doubt contact qualified service personnel.

Use this product only with a cart, stand, bracket, table, or other mounting
accessories that meet Scientific-Atlanta specifications. Carefully follow all
instructions for proper mounting.

WARNING!
AVOID PERSONAL INJURY AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! MOVE ANY
APPLIANCE AND CART COMBINATION WITH CARE. QUICK STOPS, EXCESSIVE
FORCE, AND UNEVEN SURFACES MAY CAUSE THE APPLIANCE AND CART TO
OVERTURN.

Ventilation
This product has openings for ventilation to protect it from overheating. To
ensure product reliability, do not block or cover these openings.
Do not place entertainment equipment, lamps, books, or other objects on top of
this product.
Do not place this product in any of the following locations.
On a bed, sofa, rug, or similar surface
Over a radiator or heat register
In a built-in installation, such as a bookcase or rack, unless the installation
provides proper ventilation

WARNING!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD! NEVER PUSH OBJECTS THROUGH
THE OPENINGS IN THIS PRODUCT. FOREIGN OBJECTS CAN TOUCH DANGEROUS
VOLTAGE POINTS OR CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHORTS THAT CAN RESULT IN
ELECTRIC SHOCK OR FIRE.
504081 Rev D ix

504081 Rev D x

Power sources
A label on this product indicates the correct power source for this product.
Operate this product only from a socket-outlet with the voltage and frequency
indicated on the product label.
If you are uncertain of the type of power supply to your home or business,
consult Scientific-Atlanta or your local power company.

WARNING!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD! DO NOT OVERLOAD SOCKET-
OUTLETS AND EXTENSION CORDS. FOR PRODUCTS THAT REQUIRE BATTERY
POWER OR OTHER SOURCES TO OPERATE, REFER TO THE OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THOSE PRODUCTS.

Grounding
This product is equipped with one of the following types of safety plug.
Three-prong (grounding pin) plug
Two-prong (polarized) plug
Follow the guidelines in the table below to properly ground this product.

IF this product has a... THEN insert this plug...
3-prong plug,
Note: The middle prong on
this plug is a protective
grounding pin.
into a grounded mains, three-socket outlet.
Note: If you are unable to insert this plug fully
into the socket-outlet, try reversing the plug. If
the plug still fails to fit, contact an electrician to
replace your obsolete socket-outlet.
2-prong plug,
Note: This plug has one wide
prong and one narrow
prong. It is a polarized plug.
into a grounded mains, two-socket outlet in
which one socket is wider than the other.
Note: This plug fits only one way. If you are
unable to insert this plug fully into the outlet,
contact your electrician to replace your obsolete
socket-outlet.

Power cord protection
504081 Rev D xi
Route all power supply cords so that people cannot walk on, or place objects on or
against, them. This can pinch or damage the cords. Pay particular attention to
cords at plugs, socket-outlets, and the points where the cords exit the product.

504081 Rev D xii

Servicing
Do not open the cover of this product and attempt service unless instructed to do
so in the operating instructions. Refer all servicing to qualified personnel only.
WARNING!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK! OPENING OR REMOVING THE COVER MAY EXPOSE
YOU TO DANGEROUS VOLTAGES.

Damage requiring service
For damage that requires service, unplug this product from the socket-outlet. Refer
service to qualified personnel under the following conditions.
When there is damage to the power-supply cord or plug
If liquid enters, or an object falls on this product
If you expose this product to rain or water
If this product does not operate normally by following the operating instructions
If you drop this product or damage its cabinet
When this product exhibits a distinct change in performance
Caution:
Avoid damage to this product! Adjust only those controls the operating
instructions describe. Improper adjustment of other controls may result in
damage that may require extensive corrective work by a qualified technician.

Safety check
Upon completion of any service or repairs to this product, ask the service
technician to perform safety checks to determine that this product is in proper
operating condition.

x 504081 Rev D
Contents Summary

Chapter 1 Installing or Removing the Scrambler
Chapter 2 Setting Up the Scrambler
Chapter 3 Calibrating the Scrambler
Chapter 4 Operating the Scrambler
Chapter 5 Operating Modes
Chapter 6 Compatibility
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting
Appendix A Technical Information
Appendix B Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines
Appendix C Installing the XD Chip, XM Chip, and SRAM
Appendix D Customer Information

504081 Rev D xi
Contents

Important Rules for Safe Operation........................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Installing or Removing the Scrambler
Overview ..................................................................................... 1-1
8600
x
HCT System Components................................................. 1-4
About the Scrambler................................................................... 1-6
Scrambler Models........................................................................ 1-8
Safety Advisories............................................................... 1-10
Site Requirements...................................................................... 1-11
Configuring Jumpers................................................................. 1-13
Installing the Scrambler in a Rack............................................ 1-19
Connecting the Scrambler to a Baseband Video Source......... 1-21
Connecting the Scrambler to a Television Modulator............. 1-22
Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers................. 1-26
Connecting the Scrambler to a Stereo Encoder....................... 1-29
Connecting the Scrambler to the HEC..................................... 1-38
Connecting the Scrambler to the ISP ....................................... 1-46
Connecting the Scrambler to a Data Repeater........................ 1-49
Removing a Scrambler.............................................................. 1-50

Chapter 2 Setting Up the Scrambler
Overview ..................................................................................... 2-1
Setup Overview........................................................................... 2-2
Turning On the Scrambler.......................................................... 2-3
Adjusting the LCD Intensity...................................................... 2-6
Setting the Scrambler Address................................................... 2-9
Configuring the Scrambler from System Manager.................. 2-10

xii 504081 Rev D

504081 Rev D xiii
Contents, Continued

Chapter 3 Calibrating the Scrambler
Overview ........................................................................................... 3-1
Section AGeneral Information...................................................... 3-3
Section Overview ........................................................................ 3-3
Quick Reference to Calibrations................................................. 3-4
Calibration Equipment................................................................ 3-5
Entering Calibration Mode........................................................ 3-7
Section BVideo Scrambling Calibration....................................... 3-8
Calibrating Sound Carrier Level ................................................ 3-9
Calibrating Audio Pulse Height ............................................... 3-11
Calibrating Pulse Delays........................................................... 3-13
Cross-Pulse Monitor Method.................................................... 3-14
Spectrum Analyzer Method..................................................... 3-18
Demodulator Method............................................................... 3-30
Setting Vertical Interval Start and End.................................... 3-35
Calibrating Sync Buzz .............................................................. 3-38
Calibrating Regenerated Sync.................................................. 3-41
Section CAudio Masking Calibration........................................ 3-44
Section Overview ...................................................................... 3-44
Equipment Setup....................................................................... 3-46
Enabling Audio Masking.......................................................... 3-48
Adjusting RF Deviation: Direct Measurement ........................ 3-49
Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method......................... 3-50
Adjusting the Main Audio Level.............................................. 3-52
Calibrating FM Deviation......................................................... 3-53
Calibrating Barker Audio......................................................... 3-54


xiv 504081 Rev D
Contents, Continued

Chapter 4 Operating the Scrambler
Overview ..................................................................................... 4-1
Controls and Indicators.............................................................. 4-2
Reading the Status Screen.......................................................... 4-3
System Manager Control .......................................................... 4-10
Maintenance.............................................................................. 4-11

Chapter 5 Operating Modes
Overview ..................................................................................... 5-1
Introduction to Operating Modes.............................................. 5-2
Quick Reference to Operating Modes........................................ 5-4

Chapter 6 Compatibility
Overview ........................................................................................... 6-1
Section ASystem Compatibility.................................................... 6-2
System Compatibility Quick Reference...................................... 6-3
Jerrold Compatibility................................................................... 6-5
Hamlin/ Eagle Compatibility...................................................... 6-8
Zenith Compatibility................................................................... 6-9
TOCOM Compatibility............................................................. 6-12
Pioneer Compatibility (For Future Release)............................. 6-15
Section BKit Installation.............................................................. 6-17
Section Overview ...................................................................... 6-17
Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder ............ 6-18
Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder.......... 6-23
Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder. 6-28
Installing the PM Interface Kit in a Zenith Encoder ............... 6-31
504081 Rev D xv


xvi 504081 Rev D
Contents, Continued

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting
Overview ..................................................................................... 7-1
Troubleshooting Guide................................................................ 7-2
Before You Call the Technical Assistance Center...................... 7-7
Diagnostic Status....................................................................... 7-12
Displaying Diagnostic Status.................................................... 7-14

Appendix A Technical Information
Overview ...................................................................................A-1
General Specifications...............................................................A-2
Audio Masking Specifications..................................................A-7
Connectors.................................................................................A-9

Appendix B Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines
Overview ....................................................................................B-1
VBI Line Restrictions..................................................................B-2
Vertical Interval Settings............................................................B-3

Appendix C Installing the XD Chip, XMChip, and SRAM
Overview ...................................................................................C-1
Installation Overview................................................................C-2
Safety Advisories...............................................................C-4
Installing the XD and XM Chips..............................................C-5
Installing the SRAM................................................................C-11
Setting Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM.............C-15
Setting Up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM......................C-18

504081 Rev D xvii

xviii 504081 Rev D
Contents, Continued

Appendix D Customer Information
Overview .................................................................................... D-1
Customer Support...................................................................... D-2
Returning Products.................................................................... D-3
Your Comments, Please............................................................. D-5

FCC Compliance/Doc Compliance............................................................inside back cover

Series 8656
x
Scrambler

1
Installing or Removing the
Scrambler

504081 Rev D Installing or Removing the Scrambler 1-1 1
Chapter 1
Installing or Removing the Scrambler
Overview

Introduction
This chapter introduces you to the Series 8656
X
(CCIR-M, NTSC) Scrambler and
gives the information on the following:
site requirements
step-by-step instructions for installing or removing the scrambler from your
8600
X
Home Communications Terminal (HCT) Addressable System

scrambler components
scrambler functions
scrambler configurations
safety

Safety information

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION:
Read the Safety Advisories section before attempting to install or operate this
equipment.

Look for this symbol throughout this manual:

Definition
The 8656
X
Scrambler is a device that scrambles the video signal so that cable-ready
television sets cannot receive an unauthorized channel. The scrambler also inserts
Vertical Blanking Interval (VBI) and audio pulse data. Refer to About the
Scrambler later in this chapter for the other scrambler functions.


1-2 Installing or Removing the Scrambler 504081 Rev D
Overview, Continued

Installation overview
The following is a list of tasks to be completed when installing the Series 8656
X
Scrambler. Detailed instructions for each procedure are provided in this chapter
(unless otherwise indicated).
Configure jumper settings (if needed).
Install the scrambler in a rack.
Connect the scrambler to a video source.
Connect the scrambler to a television modulator.
Connect audio for audio masking scramblers.
Connect the scrambler to a stereo encoder (optional).
Connect the scrambler to a HEC.
Connect the scrambler to an ISP (optional).
Connect the scrambler to a data repeater (optional).
Set up the scrambler for operation. (See chapter 2.)
Calibrate the scrambler. (See chapter 3.)

Removal overview
To remove the 8656
X
Scrambler from a live system, you will need to do the
following:
Delete the scrambler from System Manager
Disconnect all connections and remove the scrambler from the rack.
Refer to Removing a Scrambler at the end of this chapter for instructions.

Overview, Continued

In this chapter
This chapter contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
8600
X
HCT System Components 1-4
About the Scrambler 1-6
Scrambler Models 1-9
Safety Advisories
1-12
Site Requirements 1-13
Configuring Jumpers 1-16
Installing the Scrambler in a Rack 1-24
Connecting the Scrambler to a Baseband Video Source 1-27
Connecting the Scrambler to a Television Modulator 1-29
Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers 1-33
Connecting the Scrambler to a Stereo Encoder 1-29
Connecting the Scrambler to the HEC 1-38
Connecting the Scrambler to the ISP 1-46
Connecting the Scrambler to a Data Repeater 1-49
Removing a Scrambler 1-50

8600
x
HCT SystemComponents

Introduction
To prepare your site for a scrambler and to install it, you should be familiar with
the function and terminology of the components in an 8600
x
HCT Addressable
System.

SystemManager
System Manager controls the 8600
x
HCT system by enabling you to authorize and
deauthorize HCTs, change the function of service, configure and control
scramblers, turn on and off the Headend Controller (HEC) operation such as a
database in the HEC.

Headend Controller
The HEC is a device that stores and forwards information, such as authorizing a
channel or upgrading a service for a subscriber. The HEC receives its information
from System Manager and continuously cycles this information to the HCTs.

Scrambler
The scrambler is the device that scrambles the video signal so that cable-ready
television sets cannot receive an unauthorized channel. (Refer to About the
Scrambler in this chapter for additional scrambler functions.)

Information Service Processor
The Information Service Processor (ISP) takes Interactive Viewing Guide (IVG)
data and text channel data and converts it to the proper format as needed by the
HCTs. The ISP receives IVG and text channel data from service providers for the
following purposes:
The IVG service provider supplies television programming information.
The text channel service provider supplies text information for viewing virtual
channels.


8600x HCT SystemComponents, Continued

Diagram
Refer to the illustration below for the components of an 8600
x
HCT system.

About the Scrambler

Diagramof the front and back panels
The diagram below shows the front and back panels of the Series 8656
X
Scrambler.

Scrambler functions
The Series 8656
X
Scrambler performs the following functions in an addressable
system (one that is able to communicate with individual HCTs):
Scrambles the video signal so that cable-ready television sets cannot view an
unauthorized channel.
Masks the audio.
Interfaces with a HEC to receive performance parameters and HCT data.
Interfaces with an ISP to receive, store, and transmit IVG data and text channel
data.
Places HCT data in the vertical blanking interval (VBI).
Places data on the sound carrier in the form of AM (amplitude modulated)
pulses.
Interfaces with a data repeater, allowing data to flow through additional
channels.
Transmits timing and descrambling information to Scientific-Atlanta home
terminals.
Provides system compatibility with other brands of set-top converters.

About the Scrambler, Continued

Howthe scrambler works
The Series 8656
X
Scrambler scrambles the video by suppressing the vertical and
horizontal intervals and by inverting various parts of the video signal. The
scrambler also sends timing and descrambling data to HCTs as audio data pulses,
data on selected VBI lines, or both.

Compatibility
The Series 8656
X
Scrambler supports all Scientific-Atlanta addressable and non-
addressable HCTs. The Series 8656
X
Scrambler provides limited support for the
following encoders:
Jerrold
(baseband and RF)

Hamlin/ Eagle
Zenith

TOCOM

Pioneer

Compatibility with these encoders is discussed in detail in chapter 6,
Compatibility.

Scrambler Models

Models
The table below lists the Scientific-Atlanta
8656
X
Scrambler models available.
Model Description Memory Part Number
8656-XEU-AM Audio masking scrambler 512 kb 546582
8656-XEU-AMC Audio masking-capable scrambler 512 kb 564687

SoundProtect audio masking feature
Scientific-Atlantas SoundProtect feature enables audio masking, which allows
cable operators to mask the sound on certain channels. This feature is provided
with Model 8656-XEU-AM Scramblersscramblers equipped with the additional
Audio Masking board. Model 8656-XEU-AMC (audio masking-capable)
scramblers do not contain an Audio Masking board when shipped from the
factory; however, they can be retrofitted with an Audio Masking board at the
factory. All other scrambler models cannot be retrofitted.
Scramblers equipped with the Audio Masking board mask the audio for scrambled
channels and supply either monaural barker audio (AM radio quality) or a 400 Hz
tone instead of the program (main) audio. The barker audio or 400 Hz tone is
selected by a jumper setting on the Audio Masking board.
You can use the audio masking feature with only monaural audio. This feature is
not compatible with stereo audio. However, if you disable audio masking, the
scrambler can pass stereo audio. The cable provider can supply stereo audio to the
scrambler, and the scrambler will convert it to monaural whenever you enable
masking.

Authorized HCTs/home terminals
Only the following authorized HCTs and home terminals can demask audio for
audio-masked channels. Below are a few examples:

Model 8610XE58 HCT Model 8610XX51 HCT Model 8610-SBAR HT
Model 8610X551 HCT Model 8610X568 HCT Model 8610-STAR HT
Model 8610X554 HCT Model 8610XX58 HCT Model 8610-STAN HT
Model 8610XZ58 HCT Model 8611VA79 HT Model 8610SZAN HT
Model 8610X558 HCT Model 8611VAB9 HT Model 8610-SZAR HT
Model 8610X451 HCT Model 8610-SBAN HT
When tuned to the audio masked channel, HCTs incapable of demasking and
cable-ready televisions will receive barker audio provided by the cable operator or
a 400 Hz tone instead of the main audio for the authorized channel.


Scrambler Models, Continued

Related information
For more information about installing and configuring the audio masking option,
refer to the following sections:
Configuring Jumpers in chapter 1
Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers in chapter 1
Audio Masking Calibrations in chapter 3, section C


Safety Advisories

Warnings and cautions
STOP! Read the following safety advisories before proceeding.

WARNINGS!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! WHEN YOU
REPLACE A FUSE, BE SURE TO USE THE CORRECT TYPE AND RATING. THE
CORRECT TYPE AND RATING ARE INDICATED ON THE BACK PANEL.
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK! MAKE SURE TO DISCONNECT POWER FROM THE
SCRAMBLER BEFORE REMOVING THE COVER.
AVOID PERSONAL INJURY AND PRODUCT DAMAGE! SLIDING THIS
PRODUCT TOO FAR FORWARD OR BACKWARD IN THE RACK CAN CAUSE IT
TO FALL.

Cautions:
Avoid damage to this product! Your warranty is void if you operate this
product above the maximum specified operating temperature.
Avoid damage to this product! Use only the line voltage that is indicated
on the back panel.
These servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only. To
reduce the risk of electric shock, do not perform any servicing other than
that contained in the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do
so. Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.

Site Requirements

Introduction
Before you install the scrambler, make sure your installation site meets the
requirements in this section.

Rack
You need a standard EIA (USA) equipment rack. The rack must be at least 610
mm (24 in.) deep.

Power
You need a power source with the specifications in the table below.

Item Specification
Power input voltage 97.5 V AC to 132 V AC
Caution:
Avoid damage to this product! Use only the line
voltage that is indicated on the back panel.

Line frequency 50/ 60 Hz
Power consumption 50 W maximum

Fuse
WARNING!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! WHEN YOU
REPLACE THE FUSE, BE SURE TO USE THE CORRECT TYPE AND RATING. THE
CORRECT TYPE AND RATING ARE INDICATED ON THE BACK PANEL.
You can access the power fuse from the back panel of the scrambler. To change
the fuse, see chapter 4, Operating the Scrambler.

Site Requirements, Continued

Operating temperature
The operating temperature range of this product is 0C to 50C (32F to 122F).
Caution:
Avoid damage to this product! Your warranty is void if you operate this
product above the maximum specified operating temperature.

Temperature control
We recommend that you do the following to keep this product from overheating:
Place this product in an air-conditioned environment.
Keep all cooling vents on this product obstruction-free.
Ventilate the rack. Refer to Forced air vs. passive ventilation below.

Forced air vs. passive ventilation
There are two types of ventilation methods: forced air and passive:
Forced-air ventilation forces air flow through the rack
Passive ventilation assists air movement through the rack
The table below compares the two methods for ventilation.

Method When to Use How to Ventilate Space Requirements
Forced-air
ventilation
Use when you stack the
scrambler closely with
other equipment in a high-
density rack.
Use devices such as a
centrifugal blower, a
computer floor, or air
cooling to force air
flow through the
rack.
Important! Maintain
at least 44 mm (1.75
in.) of space above
and below the
scrambler.
Passive
ventilation
Use when you stack the
scrambler loosely with
other equipment in a
standard rack.
Use devices such as a
vented panel
between the
scrambler and the
rack to ensure
adequate air
movement through
the rack.
Important! Maintain
at least 89 mm (3.5
in.) of space above
and below the
scrambler.

Configuring Jumpers

Introduction
This section provides information on how to configure jumpers for the scrambler.

Audio masking
If the scrambler includes the optional audio masking feature, the scrambler is
equipped with an Audio Masking board located over the Digital board. For audio
masking scramblers, you may need to change the jumper settings on the Audio
Masking board to select the audio option you want. You may also need to change
the jumper settings for pre-emphasis and audio gain.
Note: Refer to SoundProtect audio masking feature in Scrambler Models earlier
in this chapter for more information about audio masking.

Prerequisite
If you need to change jumper settings, you should remove the scrambler cover and
change the jumper settings before installing the scrambler in a rack.


Configuring Jumpers, Continued

Jumper settings: Audio Masking board
The table below gives the scrambler jumper settings the with the optional Audio
Masking board, part number 546582. Refer to the procedure and diagram on the
following page for more information.

Feature Jumper Function Setting
Main audio JP2 Has pre-emphasis Pins 1 and 2
Does not have pre-
emphasis (Default)
Pins 2 and 3
Main audio gain + JP3 Increase gain Pins 1 and 2
Decrease gain Pins 2 and 3
Main audio gain - JP4 Decrease gain Pins 1 and 2
Increase gain Pins 2 and 3
Audio Masking option JP5 Barker audio Pins 1 and 2
(JP6 open)
JP6 400 Hz tone (Default) Pins 1 and 2
(JP5 open)
Barker audio gain + JP7 Increase gain Pins 1 and 2
Decrease gain Pins 2 and 3
Barker audio gain - JP8 Decrease gain Pins 1 and 2
Increase gain Pins 2 and 3

Note: When setting gain for main audio and barker audio, jumpers must be set as
a pair. For example, to increase main audio gain, set both JP3 and JP4 as indicated
above.

Jumper locations: Audio Masking board
The diagram below gives the jumper locations for the Audio Masking board.

Procedure: Changing jumper settings for audio masking
If you need to change the jumper settings, follow the instructions below.

Step Action
1

WARNING!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK. DISCONNECT POWER FROM THE
SCRAMBLER BEFORE YOU BEGIN.
Remove power from the scrambler.
2 Use a screwdriver to remove the scrambler cover.
3 Select the audio option for audio masking.
Option Action
400 Hz tone Leave jumper installed on pins 1 and 2 of JP6.
(Default)

Barker audio 1.Remove the jumper from JP6 and place it on pins
1 and 2 of jumper JP5.
2. Supply barker audio input to the terminal on the
back panel. (Refer to Connecting Audio for
Audio Masking Scramblers later in this chapter.)



Procedure: Changing jumper settings for audio masking (continued)

Step Action
4 Select the main audio pre-emphasis option.
Option Action
Main audio provided to
the scrambler does not
have pre-emphasis
Leave jumper installed on pins 2 and 3
of JP2. (Default)

Main audio provided to
the scrambler has Pre-
emphasis (for example,
BTSC composite audio)
Remove the jumper from pins 2 and 3
of JP2 and place it on pins 1 and 2 of
JP2.

5 Is the main audio input below -15dBm?
If yes, set these jumpers and go to step 7.
Jumper Action
JP3 Place the jumper on pins 1 and 2.

If no, go to step 6.
6 Is the main audio input above +15dBm?
Jumper Action

7 Is the barker audio input below -15 dBm?
Jumper Action


Procedure: Changing jumper settings for audio masking (continued)

Step Action
8 Is the barker audio input above +15 dBm?
Jumper Action
9 Replace the cover of the scrambler.
10 Reconnect the power to the scrambler.

Jumper settings: Digital board
Refer to the following table for the settings for the Digital board jumpers. These
jumpers are configured at the factory and normally you do not need to change
them.
Note: You may need to change these jumper settings if a pin falls out during
shipping.

Jumper Setting
With Audio Masking Board
Setting
Without Audio Masking Board
J9 Pin 1 only Pins 1 and 2
Note: J11 is the jumper for the Audio Masking board.



Jumper locations: Digital board
The diagram below gives the jumper locations for the Digital board.

Whats next
Once you have configured jumpers on the scrambler, you need to install it in a
rack. See Installing the Scrambler in a Rack on the next page.

Installing the Scrambler in a Rack

Introduction
The front panel of the scrambler mounts to the front of a rack. The front panel
supports the entire weight of the scrambler. If you want more support for the
scrambler, see the additional support methods below.

Additional support methods
Two additional support methods are as follows:
Angle support brackets
Rack slides
Note: You do not need to remove the scrambler from the rack for calibrations.

Brackets vs. slides
Use the following table to determine which support method fits your needs.

Method Part Number Description Installation
Angle
support
brackets
345763 Attach to the rack, but not to
scrambler (stationary assembly).
Form two shelves that support
scrambler when it is inside the rack.
Allow the scrambler to slide partially
out of the rack for servicing.
WARNING!
AVOID PERSONAL INJURY AND
PRODUCT DAMAGE! SLIDING THE
SCRAMBLER TOO FAR FORWARD OR
BACKWARD IN THE RACK CAN
CAUSE IT TO FALL.

Install and secure to
rack.
Rack
Slides
(Universal
Rack Slide
Kit)
275317 Attach to both the rack and to the
scrambler
Support the scrambler inside and
outside of the rack.
Allow the scrambler to slide
completely out of the rack for
servicing.
Install according to the
Universal Rack Slide Kit
Installation Manual, part
number 345773. This
manual is enclosed with
the kit.

Installing the Scrambler in a Rack, Continued

Mounting the front panel
Follow these steps to mount the front panel to the rack.

Step Action
1 Position the scrambler in the rack.
2 Insert a mounting screw through each of the four holes on the front
panel of the scrambler, then into the rack.

3 Firmly tighten each mounting screw.

Whats next
Once you have installed the scrambler, you need to connect the scrambler to a
video source. See Connecting the Scrambler to a Baseband Video Source on the
next page.

Connecting the Scrambler to a Baseband Video Source

Requirement
The scrambler requires a baseband video source before it can become fully
operational. However, you can operate the front panel controls and menu system
without connecting a baseband video source. Typical video sources are satellite
receivers or video signal generators.

Procedure
To connect the scrambler to a baseband video source, connect one coaxial cable
between VIDEO BB IN on the scrambler and the baseband output of the video
source.

Diagram: Connecting to baseband video

Whats next
Once you have attached the scrambler to a baseband video source, you need to
connect the scrambler to a television modulator. See Connecting the Scrambler to
a Television Modulator on the next page.

Connecting the Scrambler to a Television Modulator

Introduction
You must connect the scrambler to a Model 6350 Television Modulator or
equivalent modulator.

Definition
A television modulator is a device that takes the incoming video signal and
modulates it to an intermediate frequency (IF) carrier. The modulator then
converts the video IF to an RF frequency. The television modulator also receives
audio signal and modulates it to a sound IF carrier. The modulator then converts
the audio IF to an RF frequency.

Requirements
The following requirements apply to the television modulator:
The television modulator must have a DIFLA IF loop-through.
For audio masking scramblers, the television modulator must have a Broadband
Audio Modulator module.

Procedure
Follow these steps to connect the scrambler to a Scientific-Atlanta Model 6350
(CCIR-M, NTSC) Television Modulator or equivalent television modulator. Refer to
Diagram: Connecting to a Model 6350 Television Modulator later in this section.

Step Action
1 Before you connect the scrambler, set the picture-to-sound (p/ s)
carrier ratio for the modulator to 15.0 dB 1.0 dB.
2 Connect a coaxial cable between VIDEO BB OUT (J5) on the
scrambler and VIDEO BB IN (J6 or J7) on the television modulator.

Connecting the Scrambler to a Television Modulator, Continued

Procedure (continued)

Step Action
3 Connect a coaxial cable between VIDEO IF IN (J4) on the scrambler
and VIDEO IF OUT (J9) on television modulator.
4 Connect a coaxial cable between VIDEO IF OUT (J3) on the
scrambler and VIDEO IF IN (J12) on the television modulator.
5 Determine if you need to make other connections based on the type of
HCTs in your system.
Type of HCT Action
8600
X
HCTs only No more actions required. You have
completed the connections.

Any non-8600
X
HCTs Go to step 6.

6 Connect a coaxial cable between AUDIO IF IN (J2) on the scrambler
and AUDIO IF OUT (J8) on the television modulator.
Note: If this is an audio masking scrambler, connect the audio source
to the scrambler as shown in Connecting Audio for Audio Masking
Scramblers later in this section.
7 Connect a coaxial cable between AUDIO IF OUT (J1) on the
scrambler and AUDIO IF IN (J11) on the television modulator.



Diagram: Connecting to a Model 6350 Television Modulator


For more information
See the Model 6350 CCIR-M (NTSC) Television Modulator Installation and Operation
Guide, part number 371929.

Whats next
If you are using an audio masking scrambler, see Connecting Audio for Audio
Masking Scramblers on the next page. If your scrambler does not use audio
masking, you have completed installation and now must setup the scrambler for
operation. Go to chapter 2, Setting up the Scrambler.
If you need to connect a stereo encoder, HEC, or ISP, see the appropriate sections
in this chapter for connection procedures.

Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers

Introduction
For audio masking scramblers, main audio is supplied to the scrambler instead of
to the television modulator by a number of different sources. Examples of a main
audio source would be a satellite receiver, local receiver, or a tape machine.
To connect for audio masking, you need to connect main audio and barker audio
to the scrambler. Refer to the two illustrations that follow.

Connecting main audio
Main audio is the normal audio that a subscriber hears on the channel. Supply the
main audio input to the terminal block on the back panel of the scrambler as
shown in the following diagram.

Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers, Continued

Scrambler audio input and output
Scrambler audio input is 600 , balanced. If only unbalanced main audio is
available, connect main audio to the scramblers AUDIO IN +and connect the
audio source shield (ground) to both AUDIO IN - and GROUND.
Note: Be sure to remove the insulation from the end of the shield (ground) wire at
least one-half inch before inserting it into the receptacle.
Scrambler audio output is 600 , balanced. If your television modulator requires
unbalanced input, connect the scramblers AUDIO OUT +to the modulator audio
input and connect the scramblers GROUND to the modulators audio ground.
Do not connect the scramblers AUDIO OUT to the main audio sources ground.
Audio source
The audio source can provide monaural audio or BTSC composite baseband audio.
Audio supplied to the scrambler is assumed to not have pre-emphasis. If audio to
the scrambler has pre-emphasis (this includes BTSC audio), place jumper JP2
(Audio Masking board) over pins 1 and 2.


Connecting Audio for Audio Masking Scramblers, Continued

Connecting barker audio
Barker audio is the audio that a non-authorized subscriber hears. For example, on
an audio-masked channel, some cable operators may supply an audio message
such as, If you wish to receive this channel.
If you want barker audio, connect barker audio input and main audio input as
shown in the following diagram.

Barker audio input
Scrambler barker audio input is 600, balanced. If only unbalanced audio is
available, connect barker audio source to REMOTE 4 (Barker Audio In +) and
connect the barker audio source shield (ground) to REMOTE 5 (Barker Audio In -)
and GROUND.

504081 Rev D Installing or Removing the Scrambler 1-29
Connecting the Scrambler to a Stereo Encoder

Introduction
This optional procedure applies to those using stereo encoding. You need to
interconnect your Series 8656
X
Scrambler with a Model 6380A Stereo Encoder and
a Model 6350 (CCIR-M, NTSC) Television Modulator.

Requirement
Your Scientific-Atlanta Model 6350 (CCIR-M, NTSC) Television Modulator (or
equivalent) must have a broadband audio module.

Stereo encoder connections
You can connect the stereo encoder to the scrambler and television modulator in
one of three ways:
Connect for 4.5 MHz output (separate audio and video)
Connect for audio IF output (41.25 MHz)see note
Connect for balanced BTSC output
Note: For audio IF output, the way you connect for cable systems that have only
8600X

HCTs differs from the way you connect for cable systems that combine other
types of home terminals (for example, Scientific-Atlanta Models 8580, 8590, or
8600 Home Terminals).


Connecting the Scrambler to a Stereo Encoder, Continued

Procedure: Connecting for 4.5 MHz output
Follow the steps below to connect the stereo encoder to the scrambler and
television modulator for a 4.5 MHz output (separate audio and video).
Note: The Series 8656
X
Scrambler does not accept baseband video plus 4.5 MHz
audio. The scrambler baseband video path has a low-pass filter with a cutoff at
4.0 MHz. Baseband video goes to the scrambler; 4.5 MHz audio goes to the
television modulator.

Step Action
1 Verify that the television modulator is wired to accept 4.5 MHz audio and
video as separate inputs.
2 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between CARRIER OUT on the stereo
encoder and 4.5 MHz AUDIO IN (J15) on the television modulator.
3 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between VIDEO OUT (4.5 MHz OPT) on
the stereo encoder and VIDEO BB IN (J6) on the scrambler.
4 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between VIDEO BB OUT (J5) on the
scrambler and MAIN VIDEO IN (J6) on the television modulator.


Diagram: Connection for 4.5 MHz output


Procedure: Connecting for audio IF output8600
X
HCTs only
Use this procedure if your cable system contains only 8600

X
HCTs.
Follow the steps below to connect the stereo encoder, scrambler, and television
modulator for Audio IF (41.25 MHz) output (option AIFM).

Step Action
1 Verify that the television modulator is wired to accept a 41.25 MHz
input.
Important! The television modulator must accept a 41.25 MHz input.
encoder and 41.25 MHz AUDIO IF IN (J11) on the television
modulator.
3 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between VIDEO OUT (4.5 MHz OPT) on
the stereo encoder and VIDEO BB IN (J6) on the scrambler.


Diagram: Connecting for audio IF output8600
X
HCTs only


Procedure: Connecting for audio IF outputother converters
Use this procedure if your cable system combines 8600X

HCTs with several
different types of converters (for example, Scientific-Atlanta Models 8580, 8590, or
8600 Home Terminals).
modulator for Audio IF (41.25 MHz) output (option AIFM).

Step Action
1 Verify that the television modulator is wired to accept a 41.25 MHz
input.
Important! The television modulator must accept a 41.25 MHz input.
encoder and AUDIO IF IN (J2) on the scrambler.
3 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between AUDIO IF OUT (J1) on the
scrambler and AUDIO IF IN (J11) on the television modulator.
4 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between VIDEO OUT (4.5 MHz OPT)
on the stereo encoder and VIDEO BB IN (J6) on the scrambler.


Diagram: Connecting for audio IF outputother converters


Procedure: Connecting for balanced composite BTSC output
modulator for balanced composite BTSC output.

Step Action
1 Be sure that the television modulator is stereo-ready.
2 Connect a 75 coaxial cable between VIDEO OUT (4.5 MHz OPT)
on the stereo encoder and VIDEO BB IN (J6) on the scrambler.
4 Connect a twisted pair between AUDIO IN + and - (terminal strip)
on the television modulator and COMPOSITE BTSC OUT + and -
(terminal strip) on the stereo encoder.
Connect the cable shield to COMPOSITE BTSC OUT GND on the
stereo encoder.
Note: Ground at only one end of the cable.


Diagram: Connecting for balanced composite BTSC output

See the Model 6380A BTSC Stereo Encoder Installation and Operation Guide, part
number 373556.

Installing or Removing the Scrambler 504081 Rev D 1-38
Connecting the Scrambler to the HEC

Introduction
This optional procedure applies only to those having a HEC. To connect the Series
8656
X
Scrambler to the inband addressable system, you must connect one
scrambler to the Scientific-Atlanta Series 8658 Headend Controller (HEC). You can
then connect a second scrambler to the first, a third to the second, and so on in a
daisy-chain arrangement.

HEC
The HEC receives transactions from System Manager and transmits HCT data to
scramblers as one of the following:
Audio inband AM pulses on the sound carrier only
VBI data on video lines only
A combination of audio inband AM pulses on the sound carrier and VBI data on
video lines

Connections
You can connect scramblers to the HEC in two ways:
Direct (local) connection
Modem (remote) connection
Connects the scrambler chain to a local HEC. To use a direct connection, you may
use any model HEC. The Model 8658-305 HEC can only be used for a direct
connection.
Important! If you have 8600
X
HCTs in your cable system, you must use a direct
connection and use only Series 8656
X
Scramblers in the headend.
Modem(remote) connection
Connects the scrambler chain to a remote HEC. You must have the proper HEC
model (Model 8658-301 HEC or Model 8658-302 HEC) to use a modem
connection.
Data connections are necessary for the following Scientific-Atlanta addressable
systems:
8570 Home Terminals ( Direct or Modem)
8590 Home Terminals (Direct or Modem)
8600 Home Terminals (Direct or Modem)
8610 Home terminals (Direct or Modem)
8600
X
HCTs ( Direct Connection only)
Connecting the Scrambler to the HEC, Continued

Cables and accessories
If you have the appropriate HEC for your installation, you should already have all
of the necessary cables and accessories (they are supplied with the HEC). You
must order modems separately. The cables and accessories you need depend on
the connection you are using:
Modem (remote) connection
Be sure you have the following cables for a direct connection:
One 4ft, RS-485 data cable for each scrambler (part number 546582). This
cable is for daisy chaining two or more scramblers. We supply this cable with
the Series 8656
X
Scrambler.
One 50-ft, RS-485 data cable (part number 292276). This cable is for connecting
the first scrambler to the HEC. We supply this cable with the Model 8658-305
HEC. If you have another model HEC, you need to order this cable separately.
One 9-pin data terminator (part number 538141).
Modem(remote) connection
You need the following cables for a remote connection:
One 4-ft, RS-485 cable for each scrambler (part number 546582). This cable is
for daisy chaining two or more scramblers. We supply this cable with the Series
8656
X
Scrambler.
One 3-ft, RS-232 modem data cable (part number 570403).
One RS-232 surge protector assembly (part number 180142). This assembly
includes a DB-9 female-to-female adapter. We supply this surge protector
assembly with Model 8658-301 HEC and Model 8658-302 HEC.
One 10-ft, RS-232, DB-9toDB-25 adapter cable (part number 463037). This
cable is for connecting the HEC modem to the RS-232 surge protector at the
HEC site.
One RS-485, DB-9toDB-37 data cable (part number 292172). This is a
custom cable for connecting the scrambler to an RS-232toRS-485
converter.
One 9-pin data terminator (part number 538141).



Terminator
You must use a 9-pin terminator (data-termination plug) to terminate the
scrambler chain. Use this terminator for direct connections and for modem
connections. The part number for the terminator is 538141. It is shipped with your
scrambler.

Procedure: Direct connection
Follow these steps to connect the Series 8656
X
Scrambler to a local Series 8658
HEC.

Step Action
1 Connect an RS-485 data cable (part number 546582 or 292276)
between HEC DATA IN on the scrambler and one of the
multiprotocol ports on the HEC. (The male end connects to the
scrambler.)
Note: The multiprotocol ports are located on the adapter card in slot 2
on the back panel of the HEC (in slot 3 for a four-headend system).
2 Do you need to connect additional scramblers?
If yes, connect a 4-ft, RS-485 data cable (part number 546582)
between HEC DATA OUT on the scrambler you just connected to
the HEC, and HEC DATA IN on the next scrambler in the chain.
(The male end connects to HEC DATA IN.)
3 Is this scrambler the last scrambler in the chain?
If yes, install a 9-pin data terminator (part number 538141) on the
HEC DATA OUT connector. This procedure is complete.
If no, return to step 2.


Diagram: Direct connection
The diagram below shows the connections between a local HEC and a Series
8656
X

Scrambler.


Modemconnections
To connect the Series 8656
X

Scrambler to a remote HEC, you must make
connections at two locations:
HEC site
Scrambler site
Note: The modem at the scrambler site communicates with the modem at the HEC
site through leased telephone lines.

Procedure: HEC-to-modemconnection
Follow the steps below to connect the Series 8658 HEC to a modem at the HEC
site.

Step Action
1 Locate the DB-9 female-to-female adapter that is included with the
RS-232 surge protector assembly (part number 180142).
On one end of this adapter, loosen, but do not remove the two screws
(or hex nuts, depending on your model).
On the other end of the adapter, remove the screws.
2 Plug the EQUIP side of the RS-232 surge protector into the end of
the DB-9 female to female adapter with the loosened screws.
Connect the other end of the DB-9 female to female adapter (the
end with no screws) to the RS-232 data cable.
Plug the RS-232 data cable into one of the multiprotocol ports on
the HEC. Secure this cable to the HEC.
Note: The multiprotocol ports are located on the adapter card in slot 2
on the back panel of the HEC (in slot 3 for a four-headend system).
3 Plug the DB-9 (female) end of the RS-232 data cable into the LINE
side of the RS-232 surge protector.
4 Connect the surge protector GROUND cable to the headend system
ground.
Note: You need to peel the backing from the double-sided tape on the
back of the surge protector and place the surge protector where it
does not block vents and is safe from being bumped.


Procedure: HEC-to-modemconnection (continued)

Step Action
5 Plug the DB-25 (male) end of the RS-232 data cable into the modem.
6 Connect the modems telephone jack to the leased telephone line.

Diagram: HEC-to-modemconnection
The diagram below shows the connections between a HEC and a modem at the
HEC site.


Procedure: Scrambler-to-modemconnection
Follow the steps below to connect the Series 8656
X
Scrambler to an RS-232to
RS-485 converter and modem at the scrambler site.

Step Action
1 Locate the DB-9toDB-37 custom data cable supplied with the
HEC (part number 292172). This cable is part of the HEC kit for
remote operation.
2 Plug the DB-9 end of the custom data cable into HEC DATA IN on
the scrambler.
3 Plug the DB-37 end of the custom data cable into the RS-485 port of
an RS-232toRS-485 converter.
4 Do you need to connect additional scramblers?
If yes, connect a 4-ft, RS-485 data cable (part number 546582)
between HEC DATA OUT on the scrambler you just connected to
HEC DATA IN on the next scrambler in the chain. (The male end
connects to HEC DATA IN.)
5 Is this the last scrambler in the chain?
If yes, install a 9-pin data terminator (part number 538141) on the
HEC DATA OUT connector. Go to step 6.
If no, return to step 4.
6 Connect the RS-232toRS-485 converter to a 9600 baud (or faster)
synchronous modem.
7 Connect the modems telephone jack to the leased telephone line.


Diagram: Scrambler-to-modemconnection
The diagram below shows the connections between a Series 8656
X
Scrambler and a
RS-232toRS-485 converter and modem.

See the Headend Controller v6.0 Installation & Operation Guide, part number 565293.

Connecting the Scrambler to the ISP

Introduction
This optional procedure only applies to addressable systems that have the
Scientific-Atlanta Information Services Processor (ISP). Only scramblers used for
IVG and text data need to be connected to the ISP. These scramblers are also
connected in the daisy chain with the HEC.
The ISP provides the addressable system with IVG and text-channel capabilities.
The Series 8656
X
Scrambler receives IVG data and text-channel data and re-
transmits this data on VBI video lines.

Requirements
To complete this installation procedure, you need the following:
A Scientific-Atlanta ISP and software
One RS-485 data cable (or equivalent) for each scrambler connection. (One cable
is supplied with the ISP. Additional cables may be ordered.)
One or more dedicated Series 8656
X
Scramblers. You must dedicate the
scrambler to either IVG or text-channel data. In the 8600
X
HCT Addressable
Control System, the IVG scrambler is used to send IVG data only. This IVG
scrambler cannot send any other type of data. This is also true for the text-
channel scrambler. The text-channel scrambler is used to send text-channel data
only.
One terminator (data-termination plug) to terminate the scrambler chain (part
number 538141)

Procedure
Follow these steps to connect one or more dedicated Series 8656
X

Scramblers to the
Scientific-Atlanta ISP.

Step Action
1 Connect one RS-485 cable between ISP DATA IN on the scrambler,
and the RS-485 port on the ISP.
Note: The ISP has two RS-485 communication ports for connection to
dedicated Series 8656
X
Scramblers.
2 Is this the last scrambler in the chain?
If yes, place the terminator in ISP DATA OUT on the scrambler. This
procedure is complete.

Connecting the Scrambler to the ISP, Continued


Step Action
3 Connect an RS-485 cable between ISP DATA OUT on the scrambler
you connected in step 1 and ISP DATA IN on the next dedicated
scrambler in the chain.
4 For all remaining scramblers NOT connected to the ISP: Connect a
terminator to the scramblers ISP DATA OUT connection.
5 Return to step 2.

Diagram: Connecting one scrambler to the ISP
The diagram below shows the connections between one scrambler and the ISP.

Note: Scramblers still need to be in the HEC daisy chain. HEC connections are
omitted from this diagram for clarity.

Connecting the Scrambler to the ISP, Continued

Diagram: Daisy chaining scramblers to the ISP
The diagram below shows the connections between multiple scramblers and the
ISP.

See the Information Services Processor Installation and Operation Guide, part number
573031.

Connecting the Scrambler to a Data Repeater

Introduction
This optional procedure only applies to cable systems that use audio in-band home
terminals (models 8570, 8590, 8600, and 8610). The Series 8656
X
Scrambler can
send audio pulse data to a data repeater. The repeater sends the same data stream
as the scrambler to which it is connected, regardless of scrambling mode.

Connecting to a data repeater
Connect one RS-485 cable between DATA REPEATER on the scrambler and
DATA IN on the data repeater.

Cable requirements
The following table indicates cable requirements based on the scrambler model.

Scrambler Model Number RS-485 Cable Requirements
8656XEUAM
8656XEUAMC
Use the standard cable with no modifications.
8656XEU Swap pins 1 and 2 on one end of the RS-485 cable.

1- Installing or Removing the Scrambler 504081 Rev D 50
Removing a Scrambler

Introduction
You must perform the following procedures when removing a scrambler from a
live system. Detailed steps for each procedure follows in the next two sections.

Procedure Description
1 Delete scrambler from System Manager 10/ 20.
2 Physically remove scrambler from the rack.

Deleting a scrambler in SystemManager 10/20
Prior to removing a scrambler from your system, you must delete the scrambler
from System Manager 10/ 20. This prevents error messages from appearing when
you physically remove the scrambler. The table below lists steps for deleting a
scrambler in System Manager 10/ 20. For more information about the log on
procedure or configuring different types of scramblers in System Manager 10/ 20,
see System Manager 10/20 Software Users Guide, part numbers 562940 (version 4.0)
and 573884 (version 4.5).

Step Action
1 Log on to System Manager
2 From the Main Menu:
Select Scramblers.
Select Control.
3 The Scrambler Configuration screen appears. Do the following:
Select a headend code.
Select a scrambler address.
4 Click Find.
Result: The screen reflects that particular scramblers
configuration.
5 Click Delete.
Result: This scrambler is deleted and the procedure is done.
Once you delete the scrambler in System Manager 10/ 20, you may now physically
remove the scrambler from the rack. The next section explains that procedure.


Removing a Scrambler, Continued

Physically removing a scrambler
Follow the steps below to disconnect and remove a scrambler from a live system.

Step Action
1 Disconnect the cables from AUDIO IF IN and AUDIO IF OUT on the
back of the scrambler and connect them together using an F-81 barrell
connector.
2 Disconnect the VIDEO IF IN and VIDEO IF OUT cables from the back
of the scrambler and connect them together using an F-81 barrell
connector.
3 Disconnect the VIDEO BB IN and VIDEO BB OUT cables from the
back of the scrambler and connect them together using an F-81 barrell
connector.
4 Turn the power off on the scrambler.
5 Disconnect the power cable.
6 Is this scrambler the end of the HEC data daisy chain?
IF. THEN.
Yes Remove the 9-pin data terminator (part number
538141) from HEC DATA OUT on the back of the
scrambler.
Disconnect the DB-9 data cable from HEC DATA IN
on the back of the scrambler and connect the
terminator to the DB-9 end of the data cable. Go to
step 7.

No Disconnect the RS-485 data cable from both the
HEC DATA IN and HEC DATA OUT on the back of
the scrambler and connect the cables to each other.



Physically removing a scrambler (continued)

Step Action
7 Is this scrambler connected to an ISP?
IF. THEN
NO Go to step 9.
YES Go to step 8.

8 Is this scrambler at the end of the ISP data daisy chain?
IF THEN

YES Remove the 9-pin data terminator (part number
538141) from HEC DATA OUT on the back of the
scrambler.
Disconnect the DB-9 data cable from HEC DATA
IN on the back of the scrambler and connect the
terminator to the DB-9 end of the data cable. Go to
step 9.

NO Disconnect the RS-485 data cable from both the
HEC DATA IN and HEC DATA OUT on the
back of the scrambler and connect the cables to
each other.



Physically removing a scrambler (continued)

Step Action
9 Do you have any connections to the terminal block?
IF THEN
YES Remove any terminal block connections from the
scrambler and leave them disconnected.

NO Go to step 10.

10 Unscrew the scrambler and slide it out of the rack.

1998 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. All rights reserved.

Series 8656
x
Scrambler

2
Setting Up the Scrambler

504081 Rev D Setting Up the Scrambler 2-1

Chapter 2
Setting Up the Scrambler
Overview

Introduction
After installation, you need to set up the scrambler for operation. Setting up the
scrambler involves selecting the correct setting for each function that you want the
scrambler to perform. Carefully review each function before making any changes
to the functions current settings, which may be correct for your purposes.
This chapter gives step-by-step procedures for setting up the Series 8656
X

Scrambler for operation within your system.

In this chapter

Topic See Page
Setup Overview 2-2
Turning On the Scrambler 2-3
Adjusting the LCD Intensity 2-7
Setting the Scrambler Address 2-11
Configuring the Scrambler from System Manager 2-13

2-2 Setting Up the Scrambler 504081 Rev D
Setup Overview

Introduction
This section gives an overview of the setup procedures for scrambler configuration.
The information in this section provides the correct sequence for setting up the
scrambler before you calibrate it in chapter 3. This section also explains the role of
System Manager in setting up the scrambler.

Setup
The following procedures are recommended for setting up scramblers.

Procedure Description
1 Using the scrambler front panel status screen interface, set the
scrambler addressoperating mode 8Address Setup.
(Refer to Setting the Scrambler Address in this chapter for
detailed instructions.)
2 Configure all other scrambler parameters from System Manager.
Refer to Configuring the Scrambler from System Manager later in
this chapter.
Note: Refer to the following for more information:
System Manager Software Users Guide, part numbers 562940
(version 4.0) and 573884 (version 4.5) and System Managers
online help
System Manager IV/V Users Guide (part number 289734)
3 Using the scrambler front panel status screen interface, calibrate
the scrambler using operating mode 0Calibration.
(Refer to chapter 3, Calibrating the Scrambler, for detailed
instructions.)


Turning On the Scrambler

Introduction
When you turn on the Series 8656
X
Scrambler, it goes through a test sequence and
one or more LCD screens appear.

Caution
Caution:
Watch for test-fail messages when turning on the scrambler. These messages
indicate specific hardware problems. Record the messages and contact the
Scientific-Atlanta Technical Assistance Center for your region. See
Customer Support in Appendix D at the end of this manual.

Procedure
Follow the steps below to turn on the scrambler.

Step Action Result
1
Make sure the power switch
is OFF.
Make sure the REMOTE/
LOCAL switch is set to
LOCAL.
Plug the power cord into a
standard AC socket-outlet.

Turning On the Scrambler, Continued


Step Action Result
2 Turn on the power switch.
The power indicator light on the
front panel should turn ON.
Within 2 seconds, the following
screens display on the front panel
LCD.

Important Notes:
In the screens above, n.nn reflects the
firmware revision installed in the
scrambler.
The last screen to display is the status
screen. It always appears at the
completion of a normal power-on
sequence. If you cannot see the
screens, try adjusting the LCD
intensity. See Adjusting the LCD
Intensity later in this chapter.

Turning On the Scrambler, Continued

Power on error messages
An error message may appear instead of the normal status screen. The table below
contains the possible error messages.

Message screen Possible Cause Check and Correct
Hardware Error!!
See Diag Menu 16

Note: If a hardware error
is detected, this error
message will flash once
every 5 seconds.
The scrambler detected a
hardware error during
its power-on test.
Note: This message
appears if any power-on
test screens show a test
failure.
Turn off the scrambler
and back on again. If the
error message still
appears, contact
Scientific-Atlanta.
BAD OR MISSING
BASEBAND VIDEO!

There is no baseband
video connected to the
scrambler.
Check the baseband video
source. You need to make
sure your source is
providing video.
*** WARNING! ***
PLL FREQ INCORRECT

The video PLL has
temporarily lost lock.


Adjusting the LCD Intensity

Introduction
When you turn on the scrambler, you should immediately see the LCD screen on
the front panel.
If you cannot see the screen, you can adjust the LCD intensity. You can also fine-
adjust the LCD intensity to make the screen more legible.

Adjustment methods
You can use either of two methods to adjust the LCD intensity (screen brightness):
Calibration method
Power-on method
Use the table below to determine which method to use to adjust the LCD intensity.

Screen Display Adjustment Method
Legible, but you would like to readjust
the brightness
Calibration method. Refer to
Calibration method.
Not visible Power-on method. Refer to Power-on
method.
Completely blacked out Power-on method. Refer to Power-on
method.

Calibration method
Follow the steps below to adjust the LCD intensity with scrambling operating
mode 0Calibration.

Step From this screen... Press...
1
PRM SySu IEB 000
AVA 33s IE1 255

Note: The status screen
appears at normal power on
and reappears whenever
you exit an operating mode.
SELECT
2
Select Mode ID
_ _

0(zero)
ENTER

Adjusting the LCD Intensity, Continued

Calibration method (continued)

3
Enter Password
_ _ _ _

4321
ENTER
4
Calibration
LCD Intensity

ENTER

5
LCD Intensity
+INC -DEC 009

+to make the screen brighter, or
- to make the screen dimmer.
6
LCD Intensity
SEL = NEXT 009

ENTER
7
+SAVE -CANCEL
SELECT for next

+to save new value, or
- to return to the status screen.

Adjusting the LCD Intensity, Continued

Power-on method
Follow the steps below to adjust the LCD intensity with the power-on method.

Step Action
1 Turn off the scrambler.
2 From the scrambler keypad, do the following:
Press and hold down 0.
Turn on the power switch.
Release the 0key after about 1 second.
3 Within 2 seconds of completing step 2, press 0again.
The following LCD screen appears.
Press ENTER when
intensity is OK.

Note: The LCD screen enters a continuous cycle. During this cycle, the
screen displays in varying degrees of intensity (or visibility).
4 When the brightness is correct, press ENTER.
5 The following LCD screen appears.
+/- fine adjust
Setting = nnn

Is the intensity acceptable?
If yes, go to step 6.
If no, press + or - to fine-adjust the intensity.
6 Press ENTER.


Setting the Scrambler Address

Introduction
You must set a unique address for the scrambler. Setting the scrambler address
establishes a link among the scrambler, the HEC, and System Manager.
Note: We recommend that you make this address the same number as the channel
ID that appears on the HCT.

Method
You must set the scrambler address from the scrambler front panel.

Procedure
Follow the steps below to assign the scrambler an address using the scrambler
front panel keypad and operating mode 8Address Setup.

1
PRM SySu I EB 000
AVA 33s I E1 255

SELECT.
2
Sel ect Mode I D
_ _

8(Address Setup).
ENTER.
Note: You do not need to use leading zeros
(0s) to enter mode numbers or numeric fields,
although the scrambler will allow it.
3
Addr ess Set up

No action. Displays for 2 seconds (default).
4
Ent er New Val ue
Addr ess 1- 254

No action. Displays for 2 seconds (default).
5
Addr ess Set up
_ _ _ ( New=nnn)

the number keys to enter a value from 1to
254.
Enter.
Note: Valid scrambler addresses are 1 to 254.
You do not need to use leading zeros (0s).
6
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

+to save.
to cancel and return to status screen.


Configuring the Scrambler fromSystemManager

Introduction
After you set the scrambler address, you must configure all other scrambler
parameters from System Manager. This section gives an overview of the procedure
for configuring a new scrambler from System Manager.
Notes:
For detailed instructions for using System Manager 10/ 20, refer to the System
Manager Software Users Guide, part numbers 562940 (version 4.0) and 573884
(version 4.5) or the System Managers online help.
For information about System Manager IV/ V, refer to the System Manager IV/V
Software Users Guide (part number 289734).

SystemManager
System Manager controls scrambler functions as indicated in the table below.

System
Manager
Scrambler Control
10/ 20 Overwrites all changes made at the scrambler front
panel, unless you set the scrambling parameter on the
Scrambler Configuration screen to IGNORE.
IV/ V Provides scrambler control for audio inband systems.

Guidelines
Follow these guidelines when configuring a scrambler from System Manager.
Know the address of the scrambler. The scrambler uses its address to
communicate with the HEC and System Manager.
Know the headend code. This number identifies the HEC that the scrambler will
communicate with.

Procedure: Configuring scramblers
Follow the steps below to configure the scrambler in System Manager.

Step Action
1 Log on to System Manager.
Result: The System Manager Main Menu appears.
2 Highlight and select Scramblers.
Pull down and select the Control submenu.
Result: The Scrambler Configuration Selection screen appears.

Configuring the Scrambler fromSystemManager, Continued

Procedure: Configuring scramblers (continued)

Step Action
3 On the Scrambler Configuration Selection screen, do the following:
Select the headend code for this scrambler.
Enter the scrambler address.
Click OK.
Result: The Scrambler Configuration screen appears.
Note: The fields on this screen are described in detail in the System
Managers online help.
4 On the Scrambler Configuration screen, do the following:
Configure all the needed fields.
Press SAVE.
Press EXIT.
Result: You have configured your scrambler.



Scrambler Configuration screen field descriptions
The fields on the Scrambler Configuration screen are described briefly in the table
below. The Operating Mode column identifies the scrambler operating mode that
corresponds to the field, when applicable.
For detailed information about scrambling modes and other operating modes, refer
to chapter 5, Operating Modes. Also refer to System Managers online help for
detailed field descriptions as needed.

Field Description Operating
Mode
Headend Code The code for the headend where this scrambler is
installed

Scrambler Address Identifies the scrambler for communications with
System Manager and the HEC
Note: You must first enter the scrambler address at
the scramblers front panel; then, enter the same
address the System Managers Scrambler
Configuration screen.
8
Channel Number The channel number for this scrambler
Channel ID The number displayed on the home terminal as the
channel number; should match the channel number
entered above
4
HEC Headend Number Always 1 except for audio-only HEC headends
Location ID Used if more than one scrambler transmits this
channel

Current Dynamic
Mode
Used if the scrambling mode is set to Dynamic 1
Sync Buzz Reduction
SAP Buzz Reduction
Used to reduce descrambling buzz 12
Delay Mode Timing Delay Mode. A security feature that sets the
delay between the descrambling pulse and the
horizontal sync pulse
2

Mode
Time Out Drop Field/ Random Axis Timeout. Used if Drop
Field is set to enable. Defines the maximum time in
mode without a video scene change
9



Scrambler Configuration screen field descriptions (continued)

Mode
Split Sync Enable Used if the scrambling mode is SA Sync Suppress 13
Drop Field Used if the scrambling mode is SA Sync Suppress 11
Pirate Defeat-I
Pirate Defeat-II
Pirate Defeat-III
Pirate Defeat-IV
Enables or disables the home terminal pirate defeat
feature
83
Current Jerrold
Mode
Jerrold Tier
Used if a Jerrold (General Instrument) scrambling
mode is used
1
Jerrold Tier for
Previews
Used if you set a Jerrold Tier value for a preview
channel

Frequency The channel frequency
Cable For dual-cable systems, cable A or B
Scrambler Digital
Address
Used for simplex communication
Note: Simplex communication is used when the
scrambler is not co-located with the HEC. The
scrambler is programmed from the scramblers front
panel. All options on System Managers Scrambler
Configuration screen are set to Ignore.
31
Memory Size The scrambler memory size
Note: You can check the scrambler memory size at
the scramblers front panel using the Diagnostic Stats
mode (Data NVRAM value).
16
Data Stream The type of data being received from the HEC and
the ISP
5
Scrambler Type Defines outgoing data to the home terminal 6
Scrambling Mode The type of scrambling to be used for this channel 1

SA Video Invert Mode Used to select the form of video inversion when the
scrambling mode is set to SA Video Invert
1



Scrambler Configuration screen field descriptions (continued)

Mode
Scrambling Defines whether this channel is scrambled; you must
also select the scrambling mode

MIDI Multifunction Inband Data Interface. Enables or
disables a security feature for 8590 Phase 2, 8600,
and 8610 Home Terminals.
85
DIFLB Dual Intermediate Frequency Loopthrough B.
Enables or disables compatibility with modulators
that use DIFL-B
82
APL Threshold Average Picture Level. Used if Drop Field is set to
enable
10
Audio Masking An option for 8610, 8600
X
, and

8610
X
Home
Terminals
Note: Refer to the Series 8656
X
(CCIR-M, NTSC)
Scrambler 4.5 Installation and Operation Guide, part
number 504081, for more information.
17
Data Enable Controls audio and video data sent to home
terminals
14
Tag Mode Descrambling audio tags that allow the following
home terminal models to descramble:
3
NTSC models: PAL-I models:
8570
8590, 8590J, 8591
8600, 8601, 8607
8610
8592
8602

Zenith Sync
Suppression
Used to descramble Zenith-mode scrambling for
8600, 8601, and 8610 Home Terminals
1
Zenith Video Inversion A type of video inversion used for Zenith-mode
scrambling
1



Series 8656
x
Scrambler

3
Calibrating the Scrambler

504081 Rev D Calibrating the Scrambler 3-1
Chapter 3
Calibrating the Scrambler
Overview

Introduction
Scientific-Atlanta resets each scrambler to factory default parameters at the
factory. These parameters are based on the average characteristics of the Scientific-
Atlanta Model 6350 (CCIR-M, NTSC) Television Modulator. This chapter provides
the information you need to calibrate your scrambler for the particular timing
characteristics of your television modulator.
Video scrambling calibration sets up a scrambler to operate within the unique
characteristics of the television modulator to which it is connected.
Audio masking calibration sets the audio levels that are needed for proper audio-
masking operation.

In this chapter
This chapter contains the following sections.

Section Contents Page
A General Information 3-3
Section Overview 3-4
Quick Reference to Calibrations 3-6
Calibration Equipment 3-8
Entering Calibration Mode 3-12
B Video Scrambling Calibration 3-8
Calibrating Sound Carrier Level 3-14
Calibrating Audio Pulse Height 3-18
Calibrating Pulse Delays 3-21
Cross-Pulse Monitor Method 3-22
Spectrum Analyzer Method 3-28
Demodulator Method 3-40
Setting Vertical Interval Start and End 3-47
Calibrating Sync Buzz 3-51
Calibrating Regenerated Sync 3-55

3-2 Calibrating the Scrambler 504081 Rev D
Overview, Continued

In this chapter (continued)

C Audio Masking Calibration 3-44
Equipment Setup 3-60
Enabling Audio Masking 3-62
Adjusting RF Deviation: Direct Measurement 3-63
Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method 3-65
Adjusting the Main Audio Level 3-68
Calibrating FM Deviation 3-53
Calibrating Barker Audio 3-71

Section A
General Information
Section Overview

Introduction
This section contains general information you need to know before you begin
calibrating the Series 8656
X
(CCIR, NTSC) Scrambler.

Prerequisites
Complete the following before you begin calibration:
Set the scrambler address at the scramblers front panel. Refer to Setting the
Scrambler Address in chapter 2 for detailed instructions.
Configure the scrambler at System Manager. Refer to the following
documentation for more information:
System Manager Software 10/20 Users Guide, part numbers 562940 (version 4.0)
and 573884 (version 4.5) and System Managers online help, or
System Manager IV/V Software Users Guide, part number 289734.

Guidelines
Read these guidelines before you calibrate the scrambler:
Before you connect the scrambler, adjust the picture-to-sound (p/ s) carrier ratio
for the television modulator to 15.0 dB 1.0 dB. Each scrambler must be
calibrated while connected to the modulator.
Before attempting to operate the scrambler, make all necessary calibrations to
the scrambler in the order they are presented in this guide.
Calibrate every scrambler in your system. The types of calibrations necessary
depend on the individual characteristics of your system.

In this section
This section contains the following general information topics.

Topic See Page
Quick Reference to Calibrations 3-6
Calibration Equipment 3-8
Entering Calibration Mode 3-12

Quick Reference to Calibrations

Quick reference guide to scrambler calibration
The following table provides a quick reference for scrambler calibration. Use this
table to help you determine which calibrations are needed for your system. Details
about the individual calibrations are given in the remainder of this chapter.
Note: Pre-8600
X
HCTs include Models 8570, 8590, 8591, 8600, 8601, 8607, and
8611 Home Terminals.

Calibration Description
LCD Intensity Adjust as needed to make the status screen easier to read.
SoundCarrier Lvl Adjust when the picture-to-sound (p/ s) relationship changes as
you loop through the scrambler audio IF. Adjusts the relationship
between the audio carrier and the video carrier.
Note: If only series 8600
X
HCTs receive this channel, this
calibration is not required.
AudPulse Height For pre-8600
X
HCTs, adjusts the timing pulses and/ or data pulses
from the scrambler. Adjusts the height of pulses that are AM-
modulated onto the audio IF carrier.
X
VideoPulse Delay For all HCTs, calibrates the video pulse delay whenever
scrambling is needed for the channel. Sets the delay between the
leading edge of suppression and the leading edge of horizontal
sync.
AudPlsDly For pre-8600
X
HCTs, calibrates the audio pulse delay whenever
scrambling is needed for the channel. Sets the delay between the
timing pulses on the audio carrier and the horizontal sync pulse
on the video carrier.
X
Vert Intvl Start Use the default setting unless a visible artifact appears in the
picture. For scrambling modes that suppress the vertical blanking
interval (VBI), sets the video line on which scrambling stops.
Vert Intvl End Use the default setting unless a visible artifact appears in the
picture. Sets the video line on which scrambling starts.
Note: Must be set to 15 when using dynamic scrambling.
Sync Buzz Adjust Use this adjustment when subscribers report audio buzz problems
on a scrambled channel.
Regenerated Sync Adjust when using split sync scrambling.
FM Deviation For audio masking scramblers, adjusts the masked audio level.
Barker Audio For audio masking scramblers, adjusts the barker audio signal
level.

Calibration Equipment

Equipment requirements
Accurate calibration requires accurate test equipment that meets certain
specifications. The table below gives the special features required for each piece of
test equipment. The equipment you need depends upon the calibration method
you use.

Equipment Requirements or Recommendations
Cross-pulse monitor Note: We recommend one of the following, or equivalent:
Videotek
Anixter Model CPM-12
Demodulator or
television monitor
The television monitor must have a video output.
Note: We recommend the Scientific-Atlanta Model 6250
Demodulator, or equivalent.
NTSC video source The video source must meet FCC frequency accuracy
requirements for broadcast use.
Note :While many signal generators meet this
requirement, some, such as the Tektronix
147, must
receive an external video reference to meet FCC
frequency accuracy requirements. Generally, any
satellite or broadcast-delivered signal is acceptable.
Note: A consumer VCR signal is not satisfactory
unless a time-base corrector processes the video.
Note: We recommend a Tektronix Model 1910, or
equivalent.
Oscilloscope Your oscilloscope must have the following features:
5 mV sensitivity for spectrum analyzer input
External trigger
Variable delay
Note: We recommend the Tektronix 465B or equivalent.
Scrambler calibration
unit
Must be one of the following Scientific-Atlanta units:
Channel 3 standard (part number 290953)
Channel 4 standard (part number 290954)
Channel 3 HRC (part number 291491)
Channel 4 HRC (part number 291492)
Short ruler Must have tenths and hundredths of an inch
graduations.

Calibration Equipment, Continued

Equipment requirements (continued)

Equipment Requirements or Recommendations
Spectrum analyzer Your spectrum analyzer must have the following features:
Covers the output frequency range of the television
modulator, and
Has an external demodulator output.
Note: We recommend the Hewlett Packard
8558B option
002, or equivalent.
Variable (step)
attenuator
Note: We recommend the Wavetek Model 7580.1, or
equivalent.

Equipment setup
The following diagram shows the connections needed for all calibrations in this
chapter except regenerated sync, pulse delay, FM deviation, and barker audio.
Additional equipment setup diagrams are provided later in this chapter for
calibrations that require a different setup.


Entering Calibration Mode

Procedure
Follow these instructions to place the scrambler in calibration mode.

Step Action
1 Begin at the status (main) screen.
PRM SySu I EB 000
AVA 33s I E1 255

2 At the scrambler front panel, select operating mode 0Calibration, as
follows:
Press Select
Press 0
Press Enter.
3 Enter the password 4321, then press Enter.
4 Press +until the first line of the LED displays the calibration that you
need to adjust.
Cal i br at i on
LCD I nt ensi t y

5 Follow the instructions in section B, Video Scrambling Calibration, in
this chapter.

Section B
Video Scrambling Calibration
Section Overview

Introduction
This section gives step-by-step procedures for standard calibrations for the Series
8656
X
(CCIR, NTSC) Scrambler. Additional calibrations required for audio
masking scramblers are discussed in section C of this chapter.

In this section
This section contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
Calibrating Sound Carrier Level 3-14
Calibrating Audio Pulse Height 3-18
Calibrating Pulse Delays 3-21
Cross-Pulse Monitor Method 3-22
Spectrum Analyzer Method 3-28
Demodulator Method 3-40
Setting Vertical Interval Start and End 3-47
Calibrating Sync Buzz 3-51
Calibrating Regenerated Sync 3-55

Calibrating Sound Carrier Level

Introduction
This calibration sets the proper ratio between the video level and the audio carrier
picture-to-sound (p/ s) ratio.

When needed
For pre-8600
X
HCTs only, adjust this setting for proper p/ s ratio. The p/ s ratio
must be 15 dB 0.5 dB. If it is not, you need to calibrate the sound carrier level.

Procedure
Follow the steps below to calibrate the sound carrier level.

Step Action
1 Set the SCRAMBLE switch on the front panel to OFF.
2 Set the REMOTE switch on the front panel to LOCAL.
3 Record the current Timing Mode setting from the Main Menu for
use later in this procedure.
4 Using the scrambler keypad, change the Timing Mode (Mode 2)
setting to 33 Sec.
Note: Refer to Procedure: Using the scrambler front panel in the
section, Introduction to Operating Modes in chapter 5.
5 Set the spectrum analyzer to the audio frequency of your television
modulator.
6 Set the spectrum analyzer controls as follows:
Item Setting
Frequency span/ div. 1 MHz/ div.
Resolution bandwidth 300 kHz
Time/ div. Auto
Trigger Free run
Vertical scale 10 dB/ div. (Use 5 dB/ div. or 2
dB/ div. if available)

7 Place the scrambler in operating mode 0-Calibration (see Entering
Calibration Mode in section A earlier in this chapter).

Calibrating Sound Carrier Level, Continued


Step Action
8
Once in calibration mode, press +repeatedly until the system displays the
following screen.

9 Press ENTER.
Result: The system displays the following screen.

10 Press +or - repeatedly to increase or decrease the sound carrier level until
the spectrum analyzer indicates that the audio carrier is 15dB 0.5dB
below the video carrier.

11 Press ENTER.
Result: The system displays the following screen.

12 Press +to save.
Result: The scrambler returns to the Main Menu.
13 Do one of the following:
Change the Timing Mode (Mode 2) back to the original setting you
recorded in step 3.
OR
If the scrambler is new, you may set the Timing Mode (Mode 2) to an
appropriate new setting determined for system operation.
Refer to chapter 5 for this procedure and for the settings.
14 Continue with the Calibrating Audio Pulse Height procedure on the
next page.
Calibration
SoundCarrier Lvl
SoundCarrier Lvl
+Inc -Dec 000
+SAVE -CANCEL
SELECT for next

Calibrating Audio Pulse Height

Introduction
This calibration adjusts the pulse height that is AM modulated onto the audio IF
carrier.

When needed
For all pre-8600
X
HCTs, this calibration adjusts the timing pulses and/ or data
pulses from the scrambler. The audio pulse height needs to be 6 dB 0.5 dB. If it is
not, you need to calibrate the audio pulse height.
Note: This adjustment is required only if you are using pre-8600
X
HCTs.

Before you begin
Calibrate the sound carrier level before you calibrate the audio pulse height.

Procedure
Follow the steps in the table below to calibrate the audio pulse height.

Step Action
1 Set the SCRAMBLE switch on the front panel to ON.
2 Set the spectrum analyzer to the sound carrier frequency, and set the
controls as follows:
Control Setting
Frequency span/ div. 0
Resolution bandwidth 1 MHz
Time/ div. 0.1 ms
Trigger Video
Vertical scale 1 dB/ div.
Horizontal magnification x10

3 Place the scrambler in operating mode 0Calibration (see Entering
Calibration Mode in section A).

Calibrating Audio Pulse Height, Continued


Step Action
4 Once in calibration mode, press SELECT until the following screen
appears.
Cal i br at i on
Aud. Pul se Hei ght

5 Press ENTER. The following screen appears.
Aud. Pul se Hei ght
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

6 Press +or - to increase or decrease the audio pulse height until the
spectrum analyzer indicates that the audio pulse height is 6 dB 0.5
dB.

+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.
Press - to cancel the change and return to the status screen.

Calibrating Pulse Delays

Introduction
You can calibrate video and audio pulse delays using three different methods:
Cross-pulse monitor method (preferred method)
Spectrum analyzer method
Demodulator method
Refer to Cross-Pulse Monitor Method, Spectrum Analyzer Method, and
Demodulator Method on the next few pages.

When needed
The following table describes when you need to calibrate video and audio pulse
delays and for which home terminals.

Calibration Affected HCTs When Needed
Video Pulse Delay All HCTs Calibrate the video pulse delay
whenever scrambling is needed for
the channel. Sets the delay between
the leading edge of suppression and
the leading edge of horizontal sync
Audio Pulse Delay Pre-8600
X
HCTs Calibrate the audio pulse delay
whenever scrambling is needed for
the channel. Sets the delay between
the timing pulses on the audio carrier
and the horizontal sync pulse on the
video carrier

Cross-Pulse Monitor Method

Introduction
This section provides instructions for calibrating video and audio pulse delays
using the cross-pulse monitor method. This is usually the preferred method
because the cross-pulse monitor is more cost effective.
Two alternate methods for calibrating pulse delays, Spectrum Analyzer Method
and Demodulator Method, follow this section.

Equipment
You need the following equipment to calibrate pulse delays using the cross-pulse
monitor method:
Video source
Scrambler calibration unit (calibrated HCT)
Cross-pulse monitor
Variable attenuator

Equipment setup
Connect the equipment as shown before proceeding.

Cross-Pulse Monitor Method, Continued

Procedure
Follow the steps below to calibrate video and audio pulse delay using a cross-pulse
monitor.

Step Action
1 Set the scrambler calibration unit to the same channel that the
scrambler is on.
2 Adjust the attenuator for a 10 dBmV output for the channel under
test.
3 Set the cross-pulse monitor to display a crossed-pulse picture
(horizontal and vertical).
Note: The length of M1 is the 12.0 s width of the sync suppression
window.

Example:
M1 = 2.50 inches (reference)
M2 = (0.133) x (2.50)
[13.3%] =0.33inches
M3 = (0.046) x (2.50)
[4.6%] =.115inches
5 Set the scrambler for sync suppression. Refer to chapter 5, Operating
Modes, the System Manager 10/20 Software Users Guide, or System
Managers online help.



Step Action
6 Use a ruler to measure the length of M1. You will use this
measurement later in this procedure.
7 Be sure the scrambler is in operating mode 0Calibration.
Press SELECT until the following screen appears.
Cal i br at i on
Vi deoPul se Del ay

Vi deoPul se Del ay
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

9 Use a ruler to measure the length of M2 (Refer to the diagram in step
3.). Compare the length of M1 to the length of M2. M2 should be
13.3% of the length of M1. This distance corresponds to the delay
between the start of suppression and the start of sync (1.6 s).
Is the length 13.3%?
10 Press +or - to adjust the video delay pulse to 1.6 s (13.3%).
11
Do only 8600
X
HCTs receive this channel?
AudPl sDl y XPul se
+I nc - Dec _ _ _



Step Action
13 Use a ruler to measure the length of M3 (Refer to the diagram in step
3). Compare the length of M3 to the length of M1. The length of M3
should be 4.6% of the length of M1. This distance corresponds to the
delay between the start of restoration and the start of sync (0.60 s).
Is the length 4.6%?
14 Press +or - to adjust the audio pulse delay to 0.60 s (4.6%).
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.
Press - to cancel and return to the status screen.

SpectrumAnalyzer Method

Introduction
The spectrum analyzer method is another way to calibrate video and audio pulse
delays. Use this method if you do not have a cross-pulse monitor or demodulator.
Note: See also Cross-Pulse Monitor Method (the preferred method) and
Demodulator Method in this section.

Equipment
You need the following equipment to calibrate pulse delays using the spectrum
analyzer method.
Spectrum analyzer
Oscilloscope
Video source (Tektronix Model 1910 NTSC, or equivalent, is recommended)


SpectrumAnalyzer Method, Continued

Equipment setup
Connect the equipment as shown below before proceeding.


Procedure: Video pulse delay
Follow the steps below to calibrate the video pulse delay.

Step Action
2 Set the scrambler for sync suppression scrambling mode. Refer to
chapter 5, Operating Modes in this guide. Also refer to the System
Managers Software Users Guide and to System Managers online help.
3 Set the video source to a flat field, IRE =0 (black).
4 Set the spectrum analyzer to the video carrier frequency at center
screen and set the controls as follows:
Control Setting
Reference level Linear
Input attenuator Noise-free display

5 Set the oscilloscope as follows:
Control Setting
Trigger External
TV trigger Video
Time/ div. 10 s
Delay Off
Volts/ div. 50 mV


Procedure: Video pulse delay (continued)

Step Action
6 On the oscilloscope, use the vertical size and position control to set up
a waveform with the base at 0% and the sync tip at 100%.



Step Action
7 Reset the oscilloscope as follows:
Control Setting
Time/ div. 0.5 s/ div.

Use the variable delay to set the sync tip to 50% of the sync tip
crossover. Be sure the sync tip crossover is three divisions to the
right of center screen.



Step Action
8 Use the vertical size and position control on the oscilloscope to
position the sync suppression leading edge evenly about the center
horizontal graticule line.

Important Guidelines:
The 50% sync suppression leading edge should cross the center
horizontal graticule line 3.2 div. 0.14 div. From the 50% sync tip
reference. This provides the necessary delay of 1.6 s between the
leading edge of suppression and the sync tip.
Since the 50% sync tip reference is 3 div. To the right, the leading
edge of suppression (50% point) should fall 0.2 div. To the left of
center.
Cal i br at i on
Vi deoPul se Del ay



Step Action
Vi deoPul se Del ay
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

11 Press +or - to adjust the suppression window for 1.6 s (see step 8).
Pressing +moves the suppression window right; pressing - moves the
suppression window left.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press SELECT to proceed to the next calibrationaudio pulse delay.
13 What home terminals or HCTs do you have in your system?
Home Terminals/HCTs THEN
8600
X
only Calibration is complete.
Mixed System or out-of-band
only
Go to step 14.

14 Go directly to the next procedure: Procedure: Audio pulse delay.
Calibration is not complete.



Procedure: Audio pulse delay
Follow the steps below to calibrate the audio pulse delay.

Step Action
1 Set the oscilloscope controls as follows:
Control Setting
Trigger External
TV trigger Video
Time/ div. 10 s
Delay Off
Volts/ div. 50 mV

2 Use the vertical size and position control on the oscilloscope to set up
a waveform with the base at 0% and the sync tip at 100%.


Procedure: Audio pulse delay (continued)

Step Action
Control Setting
Delay On
Time/ div. 0.2 s/ div.

Use the variable delay to set the sync tip to 50% of sync tip
crossover. Be sure the sync tip crossover is three divisions to the
right of center screen.

4 Set the spectrum analyzer to the sound carrier frequency and set the
Control Setting
Reference level Linear
Input attenuator Noise-free display



Step Action
5 Turn off delay on the oscilloscope to return it to 10 s/div.
Use the oscilloscope vertical size and position controls to set up a
waveform. Center the baseline wave on the 0% graticule and the
top of the audio pulse at the 100% mark.
Do not adjust the variable delay setting on the oscilloscope.



Step Action
6 Press SELECT until the following screen appears.
Cal i br at i on
AudPl sDl y SpcAn1

Audi oPul se Del ay
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

8
Turn on delay on the oscilloscope. The diagram below shows the
proper alignment.

Is the 50% crossover of the audio pulse leading edge two divisions to
the left of the screen center?
If yes, go to step 10 (no further calibration is necessary).



Step Action
9 Press +or - to adjust the audio pulse-to-sync tip delay until 50%
crossover of the audio pulse leading edge is two divisions to the left of
the screen center (see step 8). Pressing +moves the pulse right;
pressing - moves the pulse left.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.

Demodulator Method

Introduction
Which method you use depends upon whether you have a cross-pulse monitor,
spectrum analyzer, or demodulator. The demodulator method is another way to
calibrate video and audio pulse delays.
Note: See also Cross Pulse Monitor Method and Spectrum Analyzer Method in
this section.

Equipment
You need the following equipment to calibrate pulse delay using the demodulator
method.
Oscilloscope
NTSC video source
Scrambler calibration unit
Variable attenuator
Model 6250 Demodulator (or television with video output)

Demodulator Method, Continued

Equipment setup
Connect the equipment before proceeding.

Procedure: Video and audio pulse delays
Follow the steps below to calibrate the video and audio pulse delays.

Step Action
1 Turn on power to all equipment.
2 Set the scrambler calibration unit to the channel the scrambler is on.
3 Set the demodulator to channel 3 or 4 (must match the output of the
calibration unit).


Procedure: Video and audio pulse delays (continued)

Step Action
5 Set the scrambler for sync suppression scrambling. Refer to the System
Manager Software Users Guide. Also, see chapter 5, Operating Modes
in this guide.
6 Set the oscilloscope as follows:
Control Setting
Delay Off
Time/ div. 2.0 s

Result: You should see a flat-field waveform that shows descrambled
video at one horizontal blanking interval.



Step Action
Control Setting
Delay On
Time/ div. 0.5 s

Result: You should see a waveform that shows the following:
Video pulse delay T1 (the time from the start of suppression to the
start of sync)
Audio pulse delay T2 (the time from the start of restoration to the
start of sync)

8 Does the demodulator show T1 is 1.6 s?
If yes, the video pulse delay is correct. Go to step 13.



Step Action
Cal i br at i on
Vi deoPul se Del ay

Vi deoPul se Del ay
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

11 Press +or - to adjust the video pulse delay (T1) to 1.6 s.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

13 Do only 8600
X
HCTs receive this channel?
If yes, you do not need to adjust the audio pulse delay. Go to step 17.
If no, go to step 14 to adjust the audio pulse delay.
14 Does the demodulator show T2 is 0.60 s?
If yes, the audio pulse delay is correct. Go to step 17.
If no, press SELECT to display the following screen.
Cal i br at i on
AudPl sDl y XPul se

AudPl sDl y XPul se
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

16 Press +or - to adjust the audio pulse delay (T2) to 0.60 s.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.

Setting Vertical Interval Start and End

Introduction
For scrambling modes that suppress the vertical interval, the vertical interval start
and vertical interval end calibrations set the start and end of the vertical interval
suppression window.

When needed
Use the default setting unless a visible artifact appears in the picture.

Recommendations
Set the vertical interval start and end as recommended below, based on the
scrambling mode used.
Important! For all Scientific-Atlanta scrambling modes, you must enable MIDI
mode.

Scrambling Mode Which HCTs Receive this
Channel
Vertical
Interval
Start
Vertical
Interval
End
Any Scientific-Atlanta
mode except Dynamic
Only series 8600
X
HCTs 262 22
8600
X
HCTs, and Model 8550
Home Terminals or earlier
262 20
All other combinations of home
terminals
263 23
Scientific-Atlanta
Dynamic
Models 8570, 8590, 8600, 8610,
8601, 8611 Home Terminals
and, 8600
X
, 8610
X
HCTs.
262 *
Hamlin/ Eagle All capable home terminals 263 11
Jerrold DS/ E All capable home terminals 262 21
Jerrold MVP/ MVP II All capable home terminals 262 24
Pioneer All capable home terminals 262 21
TOCOM All capable home terminals 261 21
Zenith PM All capable home terminals 263 9
Zenith Z-TAC All capable home terminals 261 10
*SeeScientific-Atlanta Dynamic Scrambling ModeMatrix in Appendix B - Guidelines for Configuring
VBI Lines, to determinethecorrect Vertical Interval End for this scrambling mode.

Setting Vertical Interval Start and End, Continued

Procedure: Set vertical interval start
Follow the steps below to set the vertical interval start.

Step Action
appears.
Cal i br at i on
Ver t I nt vl St ar t

Ver t I nt vl St ar t
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

4 Press +or - to increase or decrease the vertical interval start until the
number you need appears.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.

Setting Vertical Interval Start and End, Continued

Procedure: Set vertical interval end
Follow the steps below to set the vertical interval end.

Step Action
appears.
Cal i br at i on
Ver t I nt vl End

Ver t I nt vl End
+I nc - Dec _ _ _

4 Press +or - to increase or decrease the vertical interval end until the
number you need appears.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press + to save.

Calibrating Sync Buzz

Introduction
This calibration correctly pre-shapes the audio IF signal. Calibrate sync buzz only if
you have enabled sync buzz reduction for the scrambler.

When needed
You should calibrate sync buzz when subscribers report audio buzz problems on a
scrambled channel. The pre-shaped audio pulses must be 5.8 dB 0.2 dB. If they
are not, calibrate sync buzz.

Prerequisite
Proceed with this calibration only if the following situations are true:
You have enabled sync buzz reduction at System Manager.
You have already calibrated the sound carrier level and audio pulse height.

Methods
You may calibrate sync buzz with Second Audio Program (SAP) buzz disabled or
enabled.

Calibrating Sync Buzz, Continued

Procedure
Follow the steps below to calibrate sync buzz.

Step Action
1 Be sure Sync Buzz Reduction is enabled at System Manager (see
System Managers 10/20 Software Users Guide, part numbers 562940
(version 4.0) and 573884 (version 4.5)).
2 Set the spectrum analyzer to the sound carrier frequency, and set the
Control Setting
Time/ div. 5 ms
Trigger Video
Vertical scale 1 dB/ div.
Horizontal magnification x1

Cal i br at i on
Sync Buzz Adj ust

Sync Buzz Adj ust
+I nc - Dec _ _
_

Calibrating Sync Buzz, Continued


Step Action
5 Press +or - to increase or decrease sync buzz until the spectrum
analyzer indicates a pre-shaped audio IF signal of 5.8 dB 0.2 dB. The
wave form will be different depending on whether SAP buzz is
enabled or disabled. See the following examples:
This diagram illustrates the pre-shaped audio for sync buzz
reduction with SAP buzz enabled.

This diagram illustrates the pre-shaped audio for sync buzz
reduction with SAP buzz disabled.

+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Press +to save.

Calibrating Regenerated Sync

Introduction
Regenerated sync ensures that horizontal sync is correctly aligned with vertical
sync. During normal scrambler operation, the scrambler strips the horizontal sync
from incoming video and generates its own horizontal sync. The regenerated sync
setting allows you to realign the regenerated horizontal sync to the original
horizontal sync.

When needed
You need to calibrate regenerated sync every time you install a scrambler or when
setting up the scrambler for the first time.

Procedure
Follow the steps below to calibrate regenerated sync.

Step Action
1 Set the scrambler calibration unit to the channel under test.
2 Set the cross-pulse monitor to display a crossed-pulse picture
(horizontal and vertical).
Cal i br at i on
Regener at ed Sync

Calibrating Regenerated Sync, Continued


Step Action
4 If the regenerated horizontal sync is not properly aligned, the cross-
pulse monitor will display an image similar to the one shown below.
Note the offset sync pulses that occur in the VBI area (circled in the
illustration below).

Regener at ed Sync
+I nc - Dec _ _

Calibrating Regenerated Sync, Continued


Step Action
6 Press +and - to adjust horizontal sync until the lines are straight in the
VBI area. The following diagram illustrates proper alignment.

7 Press ENTER. The following screen displayed.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

8 Press +to save the changes.

Section C
Audio Masking Calibration
Section Overview

Introduction
Additional calibration procedures are required for audio masking scramblers and
audio masking capable scramblers (AMC) that have been upgraded for audio
masking. For all audio masking scramblers, you must adjust the RF deviation,
main audio, FM deviation, and barker audio.
Note: Refer to SoundProtect audio masking feature in Scrambler Models in
chapter 1 for more information about audio masking.

Two methods
Two methods for adjusting RF deviation are given:
A preferred method (direct measurement)
An alternate method (Bessell Null method)

When needed
These calibrations are needed for audio masking scramblers:
The FM deviation calibration adjusts the masked audio level.
The barker audio calibration adjusts the barker audio signal level.

Procedure summary
Calibrating audio for audio masking consists of the following procedures:
Enabling audio masking
Adjusting RF deviation
A preferred method (direct measurement)
An alternate method (Bessell Null method)
Adjusting the main audio level
Calibrating FM deviation
Calibrating barker audio

Section Overview, Continued

In this section
This section contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
Equipment Setup 3-60
Enabling Audio Masking 3-62
Adjusting RF Deviation: Direct Measurement 3-63
Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method 3-65
Adjusting the Main Audio Level 3-68
Calibrating FM Deviation 3-53
Calibrating Barker Audio 3-71

Equipment Setup

Equipment required
The following equipment is required for audio masking calibration procedures.
NTSC video source
Model 6350 Meter Module
signal analysis meter (SAM) or a spectrum analyzer

Television modulator requirements
Scientific-Atlanta audio masking requires that the modulator used on the channel
does not pre-emphasize the audio. Check your modulator operators manual to
locate the switch or jumper setting that will disable audio pre-emphasis, then set
the modulator for no audio pre-emphasis.
In addition, the television modulator must have a Broadband Audio Modulator
module.
Note: Do not use a Sound Multiplex Modulator Module (typical in Japan).

Equipment Setup, Continued

Equipment setup
Connect the test equipment as shown in the following diagram.

Enabling Audio Masking

Procedure
To enable audio masking, follow these steps.

Step Action
1 At the scrambler front panel, activate the audio masking mode:
Press Select
Press 1
Press 7
Press Enter
2 Press +to enable audio masking.
Result: The status screen displays Audio Masking Enabled.
3 Save changes as follows:
Press Enter
Press +
4 Continue with one of two procedures for adjusting RF deviation:
Adjusting RF Deviation: Direct Measurement (preferred method)
Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method

Adjusting RF Deviation: Direct Measurement

Introduction
The preferred method of adjusting RF deviation uses a Model 6350 Meter Module,
a SAM meter, or similar equipment. This method is known as direct measurement.
This method is preferred to others because the equipment is more cost-effective.

Procedure
To adjust RF deviation with the direct measurement method, follow these steps.

Step Action
1 Temporarily disable or disconnect the main audio source.
2 Temporarily disable or disconnect the barker audio or 400 Hz tone.
At the scrambler front panel, press SELECT, then 0, then ENTER.
Enter the password 4321, then press ENTER.
Press +until the second line of the LED displays Barker Audio.
Press ENTER.
Press the - button until 0 appears.
Press ENTER, then press +to save the setting.
3 Observe the RF or IF sound carrier deviation using a Model 6350
Meter Module, a SAM meter, or similar equipment.
4 Adjust the carrier deviation at the modulator to 70 kHz peak
deviation.
Note: An alternate method for adjusting carrier deviation is given in
Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method.
5 Re-enable or re-connect the barker audio or 400 Hz tone.
Press ENTER.
Press the +button until 128appears. (This is the factory default
setting for barker audio.)
6 Re-enable or re-connect the main audio source.
7 Continue with Adjusting the Main Audio Level later in this section.

Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method

Introduction
This alternate method requires you to use a spectrum analyzer to adjust RF
deviation.

Procedure
To adjust RF deviation with the Bessell Null method, follow these steps.

Step Action
1 Temporarily disable or disconnect the main audio source.
2 Temporarily disable the barker audio or 400 Hz tone.
Press ENTER.
Press the - button until 0appears.
3 View the RF sound carrier from the television modulator with a
spectrum analyzer set up for the following:
Control Setting
Center frequency RF sound carrier frequency
Span 1 MHz
Resolution bandwidth 10 kHz

4 Use a small screwdriver to adjust the modulator audio deviation for a
carrier null. An example of a Bessell Null waveform is shown below.

Result: When the RF deviation (which is caused by the 31 kHz
subcarrier) is 75.7 kHz deviation, a Bessell Null occurs.

Adjusting RF Deviation: Bessell Null Method, Continued


Step Action
5 Reduce the television modulator audio deviation slightly so that the
carrier is 15 dB below the first side lobes.

Result: The RF deviation (which is caused by the 31 kHz subcarrier) is
70 kHz peak deviation.
6 Re-enable or re-connect the barker audio or 400 Hz tone.
Press ENTER.
Press the +button until 128appears. (This is the factory default
setting for barker audio.)
7 Enable or re-connect the main audio source.
8 Continue with Adjusting the Main Audio Level on the next page.

Adjusting the Main Audio Level

Procedure
To adjust the main audio level, follow these steps.
Step Action
1 At the scrambler front panel, disable Audio Masking by doing the
following:
Press Select
Press 1
Press 7
Press Enter
Press +to disable audio masking.
Result: The status screen displays Audio Masking Disabled.
2 Press ENTER, then press +to save the setting.
3 Enable the audio source, and adjust the audio level at the audio source
for proper RF deviation. Do not adjust the television modulator audio
deviation control.
4 Have you achieved the proper audio gain?
If no, follow the instructions below to move jumpers to increase or
decrease audio gain.
To... Move...
increase the audio gain by 15 dB jumpers JP3 and JP4 on the
Audio Masking board to the
1 and 2 position.

decrease the audio gain by 15 dB jumpers JP3 and JP4 on the
Audio Masking board to the
2 and 3 position.

Refer to Configuring Jumpers in chapter 1 for more information about
jumper settings.
5 At the scrambler front panel, enable audio masking by doing the
following:
Press Select
Press 1
Press 7
Press Enter
Press +to enable audio masking.
Result: The status screen displays Audio Masking Enabled.
6 Press ENTER, then press +to save the setting.
7 Continue with Calibrating FM Deviation.

Calibrating FMDeviation

Procedure
After you have adjusted the RF deviation and the main audio level, calibrate FM
deviation according to the following instructions.

Step Action
follows:
Press Select
Press 0
Press Enter
3 Press +until the second line of the LED displays FM Deviation.
4 Increase FM deviation by pressing the +button until the top right
segment indicates over-deviation. (Over-deviation is indicated on the
scrambler status screen during loud passages by a black dot in
brackets.)
Note: You may have to wait for loud passages of audio in the
program being received to see the over-deviation.
5 Slightly reduce FM deviation by pressing the - button so that over-
deviation no longer occurs.
6 Press Enter, then press +to save the FM deviation settings.
7 Depending upon your systems audio masking option, determine your
next step.
Audio Masking Option Action
400 Hz tone You have completed the audio masking
calibration.

barker audio Continue with Calibrating Barker
Audio on the next page.

Calibrating Barker Audio

Introduction
If your systems audio masking option is barker audio, calibrate barker audio
according to the following procedure.

Before you begin
Before you calibrate barker audio, be sure that you have done the following:
Adjust RF deviation and FM deviation.
Position the jumper for JP5 on the Audio Masking board over pins 1 and 2 as
discussed in Configuring Jumpers in chapter 1.
Supply barker audio as discussed in Connecting Audio for Audio Masking
Scramblers in chapter 1.

Procedure
To calibrate barker audio, follow these steps.

Step Action
1 Monitor audio deviation with a Model 6350 Television Modulator
meter module tuned to the channel.
Note: You can also use a SAM meter.
follows:
Press Select
Press 0
Press Enter
4 Press +until the second line of the LED displays Barker Audio.
5 Adjust barker audio deviation by pressing the +and - buttons until
peak deviation is 75 kHz deviation during loud passages of audio.
Note:
The 70 kHz deviation comes from the 31 kHz subcarrier.
The barker audio supplies an additional 5 kHz deviation.


Calibrating Barker Audio, Continued


Step Action
6 Have you achieved the proper RF deviation?
If no, follow the instructions below to move jumpers to increase or
decrease barker audio.
To... Move...
increase barker
audio gain by 15 dB
jumpers on pins 1 and 2 of JP7 and pins 2
and 3 of JP8.

decrease barker
audio gain by 15 dB
jumpers on pins 2 and 3 of JP7 and pins 1
and 2 of JP8.

Refer to Configuring Jumpers in chapter 1 for more information
about jumper settings.
7 Press Enter, then press +to save the barker audio deviation settings.
8 Barker audio calibration is complete.


Series 8656
x
Scrambler

4
Operating the Scrambler

504081 Rev D Operating the Scrambler 4-1
Chapter 4
Operating the Scrambler
Overview

Introduction
The chapter briefly explains how to operate the Series 8656
X
Scrambler. It describes
the operational features, gives information about controlling it remotely using
System Manager, and discusses the status screen and routine maintenance.
Note: See chapter 5, Operating Modes, for more information.

Safety advisories

WARNINGS!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK! DISCONNECT THE POWER CORD ON THIS
PRODUCT BEFORE YOU REMOVE THE FUSE.
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! REPLACE THE
FUSE ONLY WITH A FUSE THAT IS THE CORRECT TYPE AND RATING. THE
CORRECT TYPE AND RATING ARE INDICATED ABOVE AND ON THE BACK
PANEL.

Caution:
These servicing instructions are for use only by qualified personnel. To
reduce the risk of electric shock, do not perform any servicing other than that
contained in the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so.
Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.

In this chapter

Topic See Page
Controls and Indicators 4-3
Reading the Status Screen 4-5
System Manager Control 4-16
4-2 Operating the Scrambler 504081 Rev D
Maintenance 4-17

Controls and Indicators

Introduction
All controls and indicators are on the front panel of the scrambler.

Front panel
The diagram below shows the locations of all controls and indicators. Check the
table below for the corresponding part and its function.

Parts and functions table
The table below lists the function of each control and indicator.

No. Part Function
1 POWER LED Indicates power is on
2 ON LED Indicates scrambling is on
3 REMOTE LED Indicates remote control is on
4 SCRAMBLE
ON/ OFF (toggle)
Enables and disables scrambling
5 CONTROL
LOCAL/
REMOTE (toggle)
Enables and disables remote control
6 Status screen display Interactive menu system display
7 SELECT Selects menu system choices
8 ENTER Saves menu system choices
9 Keypad 12-key user interface

Reading the Status Screen

Description
The status screen appears at normal power on and reappears whenever you exit
an operating mode. The status screen automatically updates when any operating
parameter is changed.
This screen shows eight fields of information. Each field contains a code that
represents a current operating parameter.

Status screen fields and functions
The diagram below shows an example of the status screen. Check the table below
for the corresponding part and its function.

The table below shows the fields and functions of the status screen.

No. Field Description
1 Scrambler Type Type of scrambler data
2 Scrambler Mode Method of scrambling used
3 Audio Data Status Status of audio data reception from the HEC and
transmission to HCTs
4 Channel ID The scrambler channel number
5 Data Stream HEC/ ISP data type that is accepted by the scrambler
6 Timing/ Level Offset for timing pulses for descrambling, or
Tier level for Jerrold scrambling mode,
7 Video Data Status Status of the VBI data reception from the HEC and
transmission to HCTs
8 Scrambler Address Scrambler address for communications with HEC

Note: These fields are discussed in detail in the sections that follow.
Reading the Status Screen, Continued

Field 1: Scrambler Type
The table below shows the data types that can appear in field 1, Scrambler Type.

Abbreviation Scrambler Type
BRK Barker channel
PPV Pay-per-view channel
REF Refresh channel (also called off-channel)
PRM Premium channel

Field 2: Scrambler Mode
The Scrambler Mode field shows the current scrambling method. Scrambling
modes are discussed in detail in chapter 5, Operating Modes.
Modes are abbreviated on the scrambler status screen. The table lists the
abbreviations and modes in alphabetical order that can appear in field 2.

Abbreviation Scrambling Mode
ALIn Scientific-Atlanta all inverted (video and sync)
DPGY General Instrument, when piggybacked to a General
Instrument (Jerrold) DS/ E
Encoder
DPIR General Instrument (Jerrold) DS/ E Encoder pirate defeat
Dy01 Scientific-Atlanta dynamic 1
EAGL Eagle compatible
GINM General Instrument normal compatible
GIOf General Instrument OFF-channel compatible


Field 2: Scrambler Mode (continued)

Abbreviation Scrambling Mode
HAML Hamlin compatible
MPGY General Instrument, when piggybacked to a General
Instrument MVP
Encoder
MPIR General Instrument (Jerrold) MVP Encoder pirate defeat
PIR1 General Instrument pirate defeat 1
SyIn Scientific-Atlanta sync inversion
SyOf General Instrument and Sylvania OFF-channel compatible
SySu Scientific-Atlanta sync suppression
SZAi Scientific-Atlanta all inversion in a Zenith system
SZSi Scientific-Atlanta sync inversion in a Zenith system
SZSu Scientific-Atlanta sync suppression in a Zenith system
SZVi Scientific-Atlanta video inversion in a Zenith system
VI30, VI50, or
VIRA
Scientific-Atlanta video inversion, which consists of one of
the following:
30 IRE inversion axis
50 IRE inversion axis (for future use)
Random axis (for future use)
ZNTH Zenith compatible
TOCM TOCOM compatible
PINR Pioneer compatible


Field 3: Audio Data Status
The Audio Data Status field displays the status of audio data reception from the
HEC and transmission to HCTs.

The table below explains the meaning of the letters and symbols in the three
positions that appear in field 3.

Position
1
Position
2
Position
3
Audio Data Status
- Data microprocessor malfunction
? Unknown transaction from the HEC or ISP
A Active data link from the HEC
I Inactive data link from the HEC or ISP
M Message is being received - audio data
D Disabled
E Enabled, tags with data
N Enabled, tags without data
A Addressable tags
B Both tags (addressable and programmable)
P Programmable tags
N No data, no tags


Field 4: Scrambler Channel ID
Field 4, Scrambler Channel ID, shows channel number for the scrambler. For
8600
X
HCTs, the range is 0 through 1,023. For other models, the range is 0 through
127.
The scrambler channel ID must match the channel number displayed on the HCT
(the tuned channel).

Field 5: Data Stream
The table below shows the parameters that can appear in field 5, Data Stream.

Display Data Stream
BRK Barker channel data
PPV Pay-per-view channel data
REF Refresh channel data (also called off-channel data)
PRM Premium channel data
OSB On-screen barker data
OSM On-screen message data
PDF Pay-per-view definition/ description data
AVA Audio and VBI data (default setting)
I<nnn> An IVG channel in the range of 01-238.
DLD Download data

Field 6: Timing/Level
Field 6, Timing/ Level, displays either the offset for timing for descrambling or, for
Jerrold scrambling modes, the Jerrold GI tier level.

Display Timing/Level
6 s Offset 6 s
15 s Offset 15 s
24 s Offset 24 s
33 s Offset 33 s
OnTi On time timing
Dynm 6 s, 15 s, 24 s, 33 s dynamic timing
<nnn> GI tier level


Field 7: Video Data Status
The Video Data Status displays the status of VBI data.

The table below explains the meaning of the letters and symbols in the three
positions that appear in field 7.

Position
1
Position
2
Position
3
Video Data Status
- Data microprocessor malfunction
? Unknown transaction from the HEC or ISP
A Active data link from the HEC
D Download scrambler (download in progress)
E IVG or text data is being transmitted by the
scrambler
I Inactive data link from the HEC or ISP
M Message is being received
D Disabled
E Enabled
(0-9) The number of VBI lines selected for data
M More than 9 video lines selected


Field 8: Scrambler Address
Field 8, Scrambler Address, displays the address of the scrambler (for
communications with the HEC). The scrambler address normally matches the
channel ID. Values are:
0-254 (normal range)
255 (default)
Important! The default scrambler address, 255, is invalid for normal operation.
You can use this as a temporary address for a new scrambler that you are adding
to the system.

SystemManager Control

Introduction
From System Manager 10/ 20 systems, you can control all Series 8656
X
Scrambler
operating modes with the following exceptions:
Operating mode 0Calibration
Operating mode 08Scrambler Address
Operating mode 16Diagnostic Status

Required equipment
You need to have the following equipment and software for compatibility:
System Manager 10/ 20 with software version 4.5 or later
HEC with software version 6.5 or later

Using SystemManager 10/20
System Manager normally controls the scrambler configuration by overwriting any
settings changed at the scramblers front panel. You can force System Manager to
use the settings changed at the scramblers front panel by entering IGNORE for
that setting on the System Manager Scrambler Configuration screen.
From the System Manager Scrambler Configuration screen and depending on your
authorization level, you can do the following:
Add or change a scrambler configuration
View a scrambler's status
For more information regarding System Manager control of the scrambler, refer to
the System Manager 10/20 Software User's Guide, part numbers 562940 (version 4.0)
and 573884 (version 4.5).

Maintenance

Caution
Caution:

Quarterly inspection
Under normal conditions, this product will operate unattended for extended
periods of time. Inspect the following every 3 months.
Confirm the scrambler status from System Manager.
Check the calibration.
Make sure all cables are mated properly.
Inspect cables for stress and chafing.
Make sure all retaining screws are tight.

Changing the fuse
The scrambler contains a 1 A, SLO-BLO, 250 V AC power fuse. We recommend
keeping spare fuses readily available.

WARNINGS!
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK! DISCONNECT THE POWER CORD ON THIS
PRODUCT BEFORE YOU REMOVE THE FUSE.
AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK AND DAMAGE TO THIS PRODUCT! REPLACE THE
FUSE ONLY WITH A FUSE THAT IS THE CORRECT TYPE AND RATING. THE
CORRECT TYPE AND RATING ARE INDICATED ABOVE, AND ON THE BACK
PANEL.

Maintenance, Continued

Changing the fuse (continued)

To change the fuse, follow the steps in the table below.

Step Action
1 Locate the fuse holder on the right side of the back panel.

2 Use a small, flat-blade screwdriver to lift up on the fuse door.


Maintenance, Continued

Changing the fuse (continued)

Step Action
3 Pull the fuse holder out to expose the fuse.

4 Remove the old fuse from the slot, and snap in a new fuse.
Note: There is a hidden holder that contains one extra fuse. If you use
the spare fuse, we recommend that you replace the spare.
5 Push the fuse holder back in, and close the fuse door.


Series 8656
x
Scrambler

5
Operating Modes

504081 Rev D Operating Modes 5-1
Chapter 5
Operating Modes
Overview

Introduction
You can access the scrambler operating modes from the front panel by using the
interactive menu system; however, operating modes are normally controlled from
System Manager.
For System Manager 10/ 20 systems, all operating modes are controlled from
System Manager with the exception of Calibration, Scrambler Address, and
Diagnostic Status. Refer to the System Manager 10/20 Software Users Guide, part
numbers 562940 (version 4.0) and 573884 (version 4.5), for more information.
System Manager IV/ V provides limited control of scrambler operations. Refer to
the System Manager IV/V Software Users Guide (part number 289734) for more
information.

Caution
Caution:
If you make changes to the scrambler configuration from the scrambler front
panel, you must repeat the same changes in System Manager.

Scope
This chapter gives general instructions for viewing or changing operating modes
and gives a quick reference guide to the menus, submenus, and functions.
Note: For detailed operating instructions for Calibration, Scrambler Address, and
Diagnostic Status operating modes, refer to the chapters indicated:
Operating mode 0Calibration (Refer to chapter 3)
Operating mode 08Scrambler Address (Refer to chapter 2)
Operating mode 16Diagnostic Status (Refer to chapter 7)

In this chapter

Topic See Page
Introduction to Operating Modes 5-3
5-2 Operating Modes 504081 Rev D
Quick Reference to Operating Modes 5-5

Introduction to Operating Modes

Scrambler front panel
Operating modes are normally controlled from System Manager. On some
occasions it may be more convenient to control certain operating modes from the
scramblers front panel. For System Manager 10/ 20 systems, the changes that you
make from the scramblers front panel are not permanent unless you make the
same changes at the System Manager Scrambler Configuration screen.

Procedure: Using the scrambler front panel
The table below gives an overview of the procedure for using the scramblers front
panel to display and change operating modes. The following tips should help you
use this procedure:
Any changes made at the scramblers front panel are overwritten by System
Manager unless you instruct System Manager to ignore a particular mode on the
Scrambler Configuration screen. If you want System Manager to ignore a mode,
you must configure it to do so before you begin making changes on the
scramblers front panel.
Once in the menus, follow the status screen instructions to display or change the
operating mode setting.
To enter an operating mode and its submenus, follow these steps.

Step Action
1 Begin at the status screen.
PRM SySu I EB 000
AVA 33s I E1 255

2 Press SELECT. The Select Mode ID screen appears.
Sel ect Mode I D
_ _

Introduction to Operating Modes, Continued

Procedure: Using the scrambler front panel (continued)

Step Action
3 Use the number keypad to press the numbers for the operating mode
you need, then press ENTER.
Result: The operating mode screen for the mode you entered appears.
Notes:
The operating modes are listed in Quick Reference to Operating
Modes in the next section and also on the front panel of the
scrambler.
When using the operating modes, you do not need to use leading
zeros (0s) to enter mode numbers or numeric fields, although the
scrambler will allow it.
4 Follow the on-screen instructions to set the operating mode as needed.
For example, press the +key to increase a setting or press the key to
decrease a setting.
5 Press ENTER.
Result: The following screen appears.
+SAVE - CANCEL
SELECT f or next

Important: The Save/ Cancel screen appears at the completion of
operating modes 0 through 15. When using this screen, you need to
remember the following:
Once you enter the operating mode system, pressing +or - on this
screen will affect all changes made in operating modes 1 through 15.
Pressing SELECT always moves you to the next operating mode,
except operating modes 0 and 16. Once you reach operating mode
15, you will wrap back to operating mode 1.
You cannot press SELECT to move into mode 0 or mode 16.
6 Press +to save new value.
Press to cancel changes and return to the status screen.

Quick Reference to Operating Modes

Quick reference table
The following table gives a quick reference to operating modes and submodes and
provides a brief description of each function. The interactive menu system can
contain three tiers of submenus.

Operating Mode Submode Description
Calibration0
LCD Intensity
SoundCarrier Lvl
AudPulse Height
VideoPulse Delay
AudPlsDly Xpulse
AudPlsDly SpcAnl
Vert Intvl Start
Vert Intvl End
Sync Buzz Adjust
Regenerated Sync
FM Deviation
Barker Audio
Calibrates the scrambler so that HCTs can
properly descramble signals.
(Refer to chapter 3, Calibrating the Scrambler,
for complete instructions.)
Scrambling Mode1 Matches the scrambling mode with the HCTs.
You can use Scientific-Atlantas HCTs with
other converter brands in one system.
SA Sync Suppress
(SySu)

Scientific-Atlanta sync suppression.
For Scientific-Atlantas HCTs only.
SA Vid Invert Scientific-Atlanta video inversion.
Note: If the VM-2000 modulator is used, place
the modulator's RF AGC switch in the
MANUAL position (turned off).

Normal 30 IRE
(VI30) (Default)
For series 8590, 8600, and 8600
X
HCTs.
Use for mixed headends.

Normal 50 IRE
(VI50)
(For future use)

Random Axis
(VIRA)
(For future use)
SA Sync Invert
Scientific-Atlanta sync inversion.
For series 8590, 8600, and 8600
X
HCTs.

Quick Reference to Operating Modes, Continued

Quick reference table(continued)

Scrambling Mode1
(continued)

SA Invert All
(ALIn)

Scientific-Atlanta all inverted (video and sync).
For series 8590, 8600, and 8600
X
HCTs.
Hamlin
(HAML)
Hamlin-compatible. Use if any Hamlin converters
are descrambling this channel.
Eagle
(EAGL)
Eagle-compatible. Use if any Eagle converters are
descrambling this channel.
Jerrold Jerrold-compatible. Use if any Jerrold converters
are descrambling this channel.
Note: Enter a tier level from 1 to 256.

Normal GI Mode
(GINM) (Default)
General Instrument normal compatible.

GI Off Channel
(GIOf)
General Instrument off-channel compatible.

GI & Syl Off Ch
(SyOf)
General Instrument and Sylvania off-channel
compatible.

MVP Piggyback
(MPGY)
General Instrument scrambler in data only, when
piggy backed to a General Instrument (Jerrold)
MVP Encoder.
Note: Set VBI output for lines 19 or 20.

DS/ E Piggyback
(DPGY)
General Instrument scrambler in data only, when
piggy backed to a General Instrument DS/ E
Encoder.

MVP PirDef Piggy
(MPIR)
General Instrument (Jerrold) MVP Encoder pirate
defeat.

DS/ E Pir Def Piggy
(DPIR)
General Instrument DS/ E Encoder pirate defeat.

GI Pir Defeat 1
(PIR1)
General Instrument pirate defeat 1.

GI Pir Defeat 2
((PIR2)

GI Pir Defeat 3
(PIR3)



Scrambling Mode1
(continued)

Dynamic
Scientific-Atlanta dynamic mode.
For series 8590, 8600, and 8600
X
HCTs.
Note: If the VM-2000 modulator is used, place
the modulator's RF AGC switch in the
MANUAL position (turned off).

Dynamic Mode 1
(Dy01) (Default)
Sync suppression and video inversion switch
pattern (3-minute minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 2
(Dy02)
Sync suppression and all-inversion switch

Dynamic Mode 3
(Dy03)
Video inversion and all-inversion switch

Dynamic Mode 4
(Dy04
Sync suppression, video inversion, all
inversion, and video inversion switch pattern
(3-minute minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 5
((Dy05)
Sync suppression, all inversion, video
inversion, and all-inversion switch pattern (3-
minute minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 6
(Dy06)
pattern (no minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 7
(Dy07)
pattern (no minimum switch time; more time in
video inversion mode than with Dynamic Mode
6).

Dynamic Mode 8
(Dy08)
Sync suppression, video inversion, all-
inversion, and video inversion switch pattern
(no minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 9
(Dy09)
Sync suppression, all-inversion, video
inversion, and all-inversion switch pattern (no
minimum switch time).

Dynamic Mode 10
(Dy10)
pattern (3- to 4-minute minimum switch time;
less time in video inversion mode than with
Dynamic Mode 1).



Scrambling Mode1
(continued)

Zenith
Zenith-compatible mode.
Use if any Zenith converters are descrambling this
channel.

ZVE

Zenith Video Encoder (Z-TAC mode).

PM

Phase Modulation Encoder is used.
TOCOM
TOCOM-compatible mode.
Use if any TOCOM converters are descrambling this
channel.
Pioneer Tier Level <nnn>
Pioneer-compatible mode.
Use if any Pioneer converters are descrambling this
channel.
Timing Mode2
6 s
15 s
24 s
33 s (Default)
On Time Delay
Dynamic Delay
Determines the delay between the descrambling pulse
and the horizontal sync pulsea security feature.
Tag Mode3

The type of descrambling audio tags (addressable,
programmable, or both) generated to allow HCTs to
descramble. Each tag can be sent with or without data.

Adr.tags w/ Data
Addressable tags with data and channel ID.

Prg.tags w/ Data
Programmable tags with data and channel ID.

Both tags w/ Data
(Default)
Both programmable and addressable tags with data
and with a channel ID.

Prg.tags w/ o Data
Programmable tags without data and without a channel
ID.
Adr.tags w/ o Data
Addressable tags without data and without a channel
ID.

BothTags w/ o Data

Both programmable and addressable tags without data
and without a channel ID.

No Tags. No Data
No tags, no data, and no channel ID.



Set Channel ID4 <nnnn>
The unique channel ID the scrambler sends the
HCT to allow it to descramble the channel.
(Should match the channel ID displayed on the
HCTs LED.)
For 8600
X
-only systems, enter 0 to 1023.
For all other systems, enter 0 to 127.
Data Stream5

For addressable systems using series 8570,
8590, 8600, and 8600
X
HCTs, determines the
type of data the scrambler receives from the
HEC and the ISP.
Notes:
If you change the data stream, be sure to
change the data stream at System Manager.
Storage scramblers (on-screen barker, on-
screen message, PPV definition, IVG, and
DLD) must be rebuilt from System Manager
after hardware swaps or moves.

AVA Channel
AVA channel (default).

IVG Channel
Interactive viewing guide (IVG or text) channel
(for series 8600
X
HCTs only).
Enter a number from 1 through 238.

Barker Channel
Barker channel (video or predefined barker
text).

PayPerView Chan
Pay-per-view channel.

Off (Ref) Channel
Off (refresh) channel.

Premium Channel
Premium channel.

On-Screen Barker On-screen barker. (User-defined text).
For series 8600 and 8600
X
HCTs only.
On-Screen Message
On-screen message text (for series 8600 and
8600
X
HCTs only).

PPV Definition Pay-per-view (PPV) definition (Descriptions
and titles for PPV events).
For series 8600 and 8600
X
HCTs only.

Download Data Streams
Can only be sent from System Manager.
Provides software for 8600
X
HCTs.



Scrambler Type6

Determines the type of data the channel will
carry (based on the data stream). If barker or off
is selected, data is transmitted regardless of the
position of the SCRAMBLE switch.
Note: Storage scramblers (on-screen barker, on-
screen message, PPV definition, IVG, and text)
must be rebuilt from System Manager after
hardware swaps or moves.

Barker Channel
Barker channel. (Data is transmitted regardless
of the position of the SCRAMBLE switch.)

PayPerView Channel
Pay-per-view channel.

OFF (Ref) Channel
Off (refresh) channel. (Data is transmitted
regardless of the position of the SCRAMBLE
switch.)

Premium Channel
(Default)
Premium channel.
Video Lines7

Selects the lines that will carry video data.

Toggle VLines
Toggles individual video lines between data
and no data.

Clear ALL VLines
Clears all video lines to no data.
Address Setup8 <nnn> Assigns a unique address to the scrambler to
establish the link between the scrambler and
the HEC. Usually the same number as the
scrambler channel ID.
(Refer to Setting the Scrambler Address in
chapter 2 for complete instructions.)



DrFld/RA Timeout9
(drop field/ random axis
timeout)
Every 8 fields
Every 1 second
Every 5 seconds
Every 10 seconds
Every 30 seconds
Every 1 minute
Every 5 minutes
(Default)
Every 10 minutes
Every 30 minutes
Assigns the scrambler a timeout (delay) that is
in effect only when drop field scrambling or
random axis scrambling is enabled.
This timeout is the maximum amount of time
that can elapse without a change in the
scrambling mode. This can take place in three
instances.
When changing from sync suppression to
drop field scrambling
When changing from drop field scrambling
to sync suppression
When changing from one axis of inversion to
another (random axis)
The scrambling mode changes automatically
when the timeout period expires, even if the
APL (average picture level) of the video signal
has not triggered a scrambling mode change.
This ensures that the scrambler changes
scrambling modes at least as often as the
timeout period.
DrFld/RA Thresh10
(drop field/ random axis
threshold)
Low
Medium (Default)
High
Assigns the scrambler an APL threshold for
detecting scene change. In effect only when
drop field scrambling or random axis
scrambling is enabled.
The drop field/ random axis threshold is the
sensitivity of the scene illumination detector (on
the analog board). The scrambling mode
changes automatically when the APL of the
video signal has triggered a scrambling mode
change.
The low setting is most sensitive, causing the
scrambler to switch scrambling modes for small
changes in APL.



DropField Scrambl11
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Used with SA Sync Suppression to enable or
disable drop field scrambling. This technique
alternates between suppressing and not
suppressing horizontal intervals.
An APL change or timeout triggers the
scrambling mode change, depending on the
settings for DrFld/ RA Timeout and DrFld/ RA
threshold. The scrambler continues to send
descrambling audio pulses and inserts false
rabbit ears to confuse unauthorized
descrambling devices.
Buzz Reduction12
SynBuzzReduct
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
SAP BuzzReduct
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables or disables sync buzz reduction and
second audio program (SAP) buzz reduction
Enable Sync buzz reduction to reduce the
buzzing sound that can occur when an HCT
descrambles a signal. In sync buzz reduction
mode, the scrambler reduces the buzz by
attenuating the audio carrier during vertical
intervals for sync suppression scrambling
modes.
Enable SAP buzz reduction to reduce the SAP
sound interference that can occur during the
scrambling process. In SAP buzz reduction
mode, the scrambler reduces SAP buzz by
minimizing the fifth harmonic component of
the timing pulses.
SySu w/SplitSync13
(sync suppression with
split sync)
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables or disables split sync during sync
suppression scrambling. Enable for SA
Dynamic, SA Video Inversion, SA Sync
Inversion, and SA All Inversion scrambling
modes.



Data Enable14
Video Data
Enabled (Default)
Disabled
Audio Pulses
Enabled
Disabled (Default)
Enables or disables audio and video data
transmission.
If audio pulses are enabled, all timing pulses
and additional pulses are placed on the
audio IF signal.
If audio pulses are disabled, no audio data is
transmitted to home terminals.
Channel Sharing15
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables or disables channel sharing allowing a
basic and a premium channel to exist on the
same channel.
When channel sharing is enabled, the
scrambler sends audio pulse data even when
the scrambler is off.
Diagnostic Stats16

Displays power-on diagnostic status test
results for various aspects of scrambler
operation and hardware.

Video Loss nnn
0 - 999 The number of times baseband video
was lost.

Rcvr.CRC Err nnn
0 - 999 The number of receiver CRC errors on
either the HEC or ISP ports.

Rcvr.Ovrn Err nnn
0 - 999 The number of receiver overrun errors
on either the HEC or ISP ports.

MsgBufr Ovrn nnn
0 - 999 The number of message buffer overrun
errors on either the HEC or ISP ports.

SytemResets nnn
0 - 999 The number of scrambler resets
(including power-on cycles).

Clear ALL Errors
Simultaneously clears all five of the
above error counters.

VLinesW/ Data nnn
0 - 254 The number of video lines that have
data.

Rnd#Gen.U31 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of the random number
generator.

SC21 U16 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of SC21.



Diagnostic Stats16
(continued)
Time Clk U27 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of the real-time clock.

Data NVRAM nnnK
0 - 999 The size of installed nonvolatile (data)
RAM.

FreeDatNVM nnnK
0 - 999 The size of available nonvolatile
(data) RAM.

Data RAM U20 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of nonvolatile (data) RAM.

Video RAM U15 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of the dual port (video)
RAM.

Aud RAM U30 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of the dual port (audio)
RAM.
Main RAM U29 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of nonvolatile (main) RAM.

Main ROM U26 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of (main) program ROM.

Data ROM U25 OK
OK or
BAD
The status of (data) program ROM.

HH:MMam
MM/ DD/ YY
The current time and date.

SC21 Errors nnn
0-999 The number of errors that the SC21
microprocessor yields during
operation.

Vert Errors nnn
0-999 The number of bad video indications
from the data microprocessor.

Des Tx Errors
0-999 The number of descrambling
transaction errors.

VBI Tx Errors
0-999 The number of vertical blanking
transaction errors.
Audio Masking17
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables and disables the audio masking
feature.
DIFLB Mode82
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Dual Intermediate Frequency (IF) Loop through
B.
Enables and disables high-level IF modulators
that have dual IF loop through AFTER Vestigial
Sideband (VSB) filtering.



Pirate Defeats83
Pir.Defeat I
Pir.Defeat II
Pir.Defeat III
Not currently supported.
Display Speed84
Normal (Slow)
(Default)
Fast
Very Fast
Selects the display refresh speed for the
scramblers front panel status display.
MIDI Mode85
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables and disables MIDI (Multifunction
Inband Data Interface) mode for systems with
Model 8590 Phase 2 or Series 8600 Scramblers
with MIDI chips.
Note: We recommend that you enable MIDI
mode at System Manager.
DynScr Stat Dsply86
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enables and disables the dynamic screen status
display. Enable to replace the front panel status
display with the dynamic screen status display.
Slow DynmTiming87
Every 8 fields
Every 1 second
Every 5 seconds
Every 10 seconds
Every 30 seconds
Every 1 minute
Every 5 minutes
Every 10 minutes
Every 30 minutes
Normal Timing
(Default)
For Dynamic Delay Timing Mode, sets the
speed for switching between timing modes.
SA inZenith (R)88
Disabled (Default)
Enabled
Enable if a Scientific-Atlanta scrambler is in a
Zenith system.
Initialize to Factory
Settings91

Returns all operating modes, including all
calibration settings and diagnostic error
counters, to factory-default settings


Series 8656
x
Scrambler

6
Compatibility

504081 Rev D Compatibility 6-1
Chapter 6
Compatibility
Overview

Introduction
The Series 8656
X
Scrambler is compatible with all existing Scientific-Atlanta
addressable and non-addressable systems and with other manufacturers systems
as indicated in this chapter.

In this chapter

A System Compatibility 6-2
System Compatibility Quick Reference 6-3
Jerrold Compatibility 6-6
Hamlin/ Eagle Compatibility 6-10
Zenith Compatibility 6-11
TOCOM Compatibility 6-15
Pioneer Compatibility (For Future Release) 6-18
B Kit Installation 6-17
Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder 6-21
Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder 6-26
Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC
Encoder
6-33
Installing the PM Interface Kit in a Zenith Encoder 6-36

6-2 Compatibility 504081 Rev D
Section A
SystemCompatibility
Section Overview

Introduction
This section addresses issues related to the compatibility of other manufacturers
encoders when used with Scientific-Atlantas Series 8656
X
Scrambler. The
following encoders are discussed:
Jerrold
Hamlin
Eagle
Zenith
TOCOM
Pioneer

In this section
The section contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
System Compatibility Quick Reference 6-3
Jerrold Compatibility 6-6
Hamlin/ Eagle Compatibility 6-10
Zenith Compatibility 6-11
TOCOM Compatibility 6-15
Pioneer Compatibility (For Future Release) 6-18

SystemCompatibility Quick Reference

Systemcompatibility overview
The table below lists other encoders that are compatible with the Series 8656
X
Scrambler and describes their features and use with Scientific-Atlantas HCTs.
Important! When using the Series 8656
X
Scrambler in a piggyback-compatible
mode, you must use an 8656-XEU or an 8656-XEU-AMC scrambler. Do not use a
Model 8656-XEU-AM Scrambler.

Scrambling
System
Scrambling
Method
Scrambler/
Encoder
Needed
Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Mode Selected
Kit
Needed
HCT
Models
Supported
Jerrold RF
(non-PPV
channel)
6 dB Sync
Suppression
Use Series 8656
X

Scrambler only
GI Normal
GI PirDef 1
GI PirDef 2
GI PirDef 3
None All
Jerrold RF or
Mixed Mode
6 dB Sync
Suppression
Use MVP, MVP II or
DS/ E Encoder with
Series 8656
X

Scrambler
(DS/ E Encoder
does not support
mixed mode)
MVP
Piggyback
MVP PirDef
Piggy
DS/ E
Piggyback
DS/ E PirDef
Piggy
If using MVP or
MVP II
with
Models 8570,
8590, or 8600
Home Terminals,
install the MVP
Piggyback Kit, part
number 467582.
If using MVP or
MVP II with 8600
X

HCT, install the
MVP Interface Kit,
part number
565753.
No kit for DS/ E
Encoder
8570 through
8600
X

Jerrold RF or
Mixed Mode
10 dB or
Dynamic
Sync
Suppression
Use MVP, MVP II or
DS/ E Encoder with
Series 8656
X

Scrambler
(DS/ E Encoder
does not support
mixed mode)
MVP
Piggyback
MVP PirDef
Piggy
DS/ E
Piggyback
DS/ E PirDef
Piggy
If using MVP or
MVP II, install the
MVP Interface Kit,
part number
565753.
8590 Phase 2
8600 Rev C
and later
All 8600
X

except
8600XZnn

SystemCompatibility Quick Reference, Continued

Systemcompatibility overview(continued)

Scrambling
System
Scrambling
Method
Scrambler/
Encoder
Needed
Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Mode Selected
Kit
Needed
HCT
Models
Supported
Jerrold
Mixed Mode
(RF and
Baseband)
6 dB, 10 dB,
or Dynamic
Sync
Suppression
or
Dynamic
Video
Inversion
Use MVP or
MVP II Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
MVP Piggyback Install the MVP
Interface Kit, part
number 565753.
8600XMnn
through
8600XSnn
Hamlin 6 dB Sync
Suppression
Use Hamlin
MLE-12 Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Hamlin None All
Eagle 6 dB Sync
Suppression
Use Eagle Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Eagle None All
Zenith
(Z-TAC)
Sync
Suppression
and/ or
Video Invert
Use Zenith
ZVE-101, ZVE-110,
or ZVE-130
Encoder with
Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Zenith Z-TAC Install the ZVE
Interface Kit, part
number 564844.
8590-787 or
8590-787C
8600XZnn
8600XAnn
through
8600XFnn
Zenith
(PM)
6 dB and
10 dB PM
(static)
Use Zenith
PME-100 or
PME-900 Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
Zenith PM Install the PM
Interface Kit, part
number 564381.
8600XZnn
TOCOM Normal
Mode
(M1 or M3)
Use TOCOM
HVP-III Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
TOCOM None 8600XTnn
through
8600XYnn
Pioneer 6 dB and 10
dB Sync
Suppression
Use Pioneer
BA-2430 or
BA-3330 Encoder
with Series 8656
X

Scrambler
GI Normal None All 8600
X

except
8600XZnn

Jerrold Compatibility

Introduction
Jerrold uses the same basic scrambling techniques as Scientific-Atlanta; both can
coexist without modification. You can use the Series 8656
X
Scrambler and Jerrold
DS/ E or MVP Encoders in the same system to provide inband data for newly
installed Scientific-Atlanta HCTs.
For additional information on Jerrold system compatibility, setup, and operation,
see Using Scientific-Atlanta Model 8600 Home Terminals in a Jerrold (GI) Addressable
Cable System Application Note, part number 548329. Call Scientific-Atlanta
Customer Service (1-800-722-2009) to order this publication.

Scrambling methods supported
The Jerrold scrambling modes are described in the table below.

Mode Description
Normal GI Mode General Instrument (GI) normal compatible (Default)
GI Off Channel General Instrument off-channel compatible.
Non scrambled; Special Scientific-Atlanta audio pulses are
compatible with GI.
GI & Syl Off Ch General Instrument and Sylvania off-channel compatible.
Non scrambled; Special Scientific-Atlanta audio pulses are
compatible with GI.
MVP Piggyback Series 8656
X
Scrambler is piggybacked to a GI MVP Encoder
Note: Set VBI data output for lines 19 or 20.
DS/ E Piggyback Series 8656
X
Scrambler is piggybacked to a GI DS/ E
Encoder
MVP PirDef Piggy Series 8656
X
Scrambler pirate defeat piggybacked to GI
MVP
DS/ E Pir Def Piggy Series 8656
X
Scrambler pirate defeat piggybacked to GI
DS/ E
GI Pir Defeat 1 Normal GI mode with pirate defeat 1

Jerrold Compatibility, Continued

Diagram: Jerrold DS/E Encoder connection
This diagram illustrates the Jerrold DS/ E Encoder connection.

Jerrold Compatibility, Continued

Diagram: Jerrold MVP Encoder connection
This diagram shows the connections that need to be made after you install the
MVP Interface Kit. See the procedures Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a
Jerrold Encoder and Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder in
section B of this chapter.

Hamlin/Eagle Compatibility

Scrambling modes supported
Hamlin and Eagle scrambling modes are supported.

Diagram: Hamlin/Eagle connection
This diagram illustrates the Hamilin/ Eagle connection.

Zenith Compatibility

The following Zenith Encoder modes and models are supported.
Zenith Video Encoder (ZVE)Z-TAC mode
Zenith Model ZVE-101
Zenith Phase Modulation (PM)PM mode (for future use)
Zenith Model PME-100
Zenith Model PME-900
Interface kits are required for both modes. See the procedures Installing the ZVE
Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder and Installing the PM Interface Kit in
a Zenith Encoder in section B of this chapter.
Notes:
Refer to the quick reference table at the beginning of this chapter for the specific
HCT models supported for each mode.
For the Scientific-Atlanta HCT to operate on a Zenith scrambled channel, you
must piggyback the Series 8656
X
Scrambler to the Zenith Encoder.
For Zenith PM mode, version 3.65 scrambler code and version 3.58 System
Manager code are required.

SystemManager setup
The following table shows the System Manager setup required when using Zenith
encoders.

Zenith Encoder Setup
ZVE At the Scrambler Configuration screen, select Zenith
scrambling mode.
PM At the Scrambler Configuration screen, select Zenith
scrambling mode.
At the Modify Channel Setup screen, select the Scrambled
button, then select Oak/PM.
Note: Refer to the System Manager 10/20 Software Users Guide, part numbers
562940 (version 4.0) and 573884 (version 4.5), or System Manager online help for
detailed instructions.

Zenith Compatibility, Continued

Diagram: Zenith ZVE Encoder connection
This diagram shows the connections that need to be made after you install the
ZVE Interface Kit. See the procedure Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith
Z-TAC Encoder in section B of this chapter.

Zenith Compatibility, Continued

Diagram: Zenith PMEncoder connection
This diagram shows the connections that need to be made after you install the PM
Interface Kit. See the procedure Installing the PM Interface Kit in a Zenith
Encoder in section B of this chapter.

TOCOMCompatibility

TOCOM encoding, which occurs entirely at baseband, consists of compression and
inversion of both the horizontal sync and video information.
The 8600
X
TOCOM-compatible HCT supports the following TOCOM Encoder
modes and features:
TOCOM Normal Mode 1
Requires Mode 1 VP board
Inverts and compresses horizontal sync and active video information by 70
percent on video lines 22 through 262
TOCOM Normal Mode 3
Requires Mode 3 VP board
Inverts horizontal sync and video information around a 30 IRE axis on video
lines 22 through 262
TOCOM Vertical Flag
100 IRE flag blanks VBI or other data present on lines 10 or 11 of incoming
video signal
Enabled/ disabled using 4-bit DIP switch (S1) on the front panel of the Video
Processor board

Series 8656
X
Scrambler settings
Use the following settings for the Series 8656
X
Scrambler.
VBI data must be enabled for at least two lines (other than line 17).
If the HVP-III has the Vertical Flag enabled, VBI data cannot be placed on
lines 10 or 11.
Pin 3 (Remote 1) of the terminal block on the back panel must be connected to
Pin 2 (GND) for TOCOM Mode 1 or Mode 3. For Mode 3, Pin 11 (AUDIO IN+)
must also be connected to Pin 2.
Front panel control switch settings:
Set to Remote to turn On TOCOM scrambling
Set to Local to turn Off TOCOM scrambling

TOCOMCompatibility, Continued

TOCOMHVP-III settings
Use the following settings for the TOCOM HVP-III Encoder:
The HVP-III must be calibrated properly (refer to the TOCOM HVP-III manual).
Sync push (enhanced mode) must be disabled.
TOCOM E
2
mode must be disabled.

Depth of Modulation (DOM) Alignment
Proper DOM alignment is critical for optimum performance from both 8600
X

HCTs and TOCOM converters. The DOM alignment is 87.5 percent with TOCOM
normal scrambling ON (Mode 1 or Mode 3). Use the inverted sync tips at 100 IRE
to set the DOM to 87.5 percent.

TOCOMCompatibility, Continued

Diagram: TOCOMconnection
The TOCOM HVP-III Encoder supports eight channels. The connection for a single
channel is shown in the diagram below. Connections for the remaining seven
channels are made the same way.

Pioneer Compatibility (For Future Release)

Support for Pioneer Encoder
The following Pioneer BA-2530 or BA-3330 Encoder modes and features are
supported:
6 dB sync suppression with Pioneer offset timing
6 dB sync suppression with on-time timing


Section B

Kit Installation
Section Overview

Introduction
This section includes installation procedures for the Jerrold and Zenith kits that
allow you to use their encoders.

In this section
The section contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder 6-21
Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder 6-26
Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder 6-33
Installing the PM Interface Kit in a Zenith Encoder 6-36

Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder

Procedure
Follow this procedure to install the MVP Interface Kit in an MVP or MVP II

encoder.

Step Action
1
WARNING!
RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK. REMOVE ALL POWER BEFORE
INSTALLING THE INTERFACE KIT.
Remove all power and unplug all cables to the encoder.
2 Remove the encoder from the rack.
3 Remove the screws from the top of the encoder and remove the cover.
4 Locate the screw that is to the left of TP14 on the main board.


Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder, Continued


Step Action
5 Remove the screw next to TP14 and place the spacer from the kit over
the screw location.
6 Place the MVP interface board on top of the spacer and secure it with
the new screw from the kit.



Step Action
7 Solder the wires of the interface kit as follows:
Solder this Wire MVP Location MVPII Location
Blue wire U8 Pin 9 U8 Pin 9
Green wire U8 Pin 15 U24 socket, Pin 6
Black wire
(ground)
U17 Pin 7 U17 Pin 7
Red Wire U17 Pin 14 U17 Pin 14




Step Action
8 Route the gray cable to the back of the encoder through the access
hole for the option switches. Tie-wrap the cable to the wire bundle for
strain relief.

9 Replace the cover on the encoder.
10 Replace the encoder in the rack.




Step Action
11 Use a screwdriver to connect the wires at the back of the scrambler as
follows.
Note: The pin numbers of the terminal block start with number 1 at the
left side.
Connect this Wire At this Location on Scrambler
Silver or uninsulated
wire (Ground)
Pin 2 of the terminal block
White wire Pin 6 of the terminal block
Black wire Pin 11 of the terminal block

12 Connect the other cables as shown in Diagram: Jerrold MVP Encoder
connection in the Jerrold Compatibility section of section A in this
chapter.
13 Restore all power.

Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder

Prerequisite
Before you install the MVP Piggyback Kit, you must install the MVP interface kit.
Refer to Installing the MVP Interface Kit in a Jerrold Encoder in this section.

Installing the kit
Follow this procedure to install the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold encoder.

Step Action
1
WARNING!
3 Remove the 12 screws from the top of the encoder and remove the
cover.
4 Disconnect cable connector CN304 in the center of the encoder.

5 Remove the two main board mounting screws closest to connector
CN304.
6 Use the two screws and two spacers to mount the MVP Piggyback
Board assembly.

Installing the MVP Piggyback Kit in a Jerrold Encoder, Continued

Installing the kit(continued)

Step Action
7 Connect the CN304 connector to the J1 connector on the piggyback
board.
8 Connect the cable assembly from J2 of the piggyback board to the header
on the encoder main board.
9 Choose an unused F-connector on the rear panel of the encoder. Trace the
cable on this connector to the other end and disconnect it.
10 Reattach the connector to J3 of the piggyback board. (You may have to
cut the tie-wrap on this cable so that it will reach J3.)
11 Affix the Data Pulses label to the rear of the encoder over the letters
describing the F-connector function.
12 Choose one of the following:
If you use an THEN
MVP encoder remove EPROM U14 and serial PROM U26 from
the encoder main board and replace them with
the EPROM and serial PROM provided with the
kit.

MVP II encoder do not use the EPROM and serial PROM provided
in the kit. Leave the original EPROM U14 and
serial PROM U26 in the encoder.

13 Remove the cover from the Scientific-Atlanta scrambler.
14 Remove jumper J10 on the analog board and place it in the Pulse Out
position.

15 Affix a Data Pulses label over the Audio IF Out silk-screen on the back of
the scrambler.
16 Set the Emulation Mode switch to RF or Mixed mode. This enables
audio timing pulses.
17 Align the data pulse height. Go to Aligning data pulse height on the
next page.


Aligning data pulse height
Follow this procedure to align the data pulse height.

Step Action
1 Connect power and cables to scrambler.
2 Turn on the power switch.
3 Turn on the Jerrold encoder and the Scientific-Atlanta scrambler.
4 Ensure that you are using a valid baseband video source. Baseband
input should be 1 V p-p.
5 Set the Scientific-Atlanta scrambler for MVP Piggyback or MVP Pirate
Defeat Piggyback scrambling mode.
6 On the front panel of the MVP encoder, do the following to enable 6
dB sync suppression mode:
Set the sync mode switch to 1.
Set the video mode switch to 0 (zero).
Turn off the standby toggle switch.
7 Connect a spectrum analyzer to the encoders COMPOSITE IF OUT.
Note: Steps 8-16 are actions involving the spectrum analyzer.
8 Tune in the Audio IF carrier.
9 Set Resolution and video bandwidth to 1 MHz.
10 Set Frequency Span to 0 (zero).
11 We recommend you set the Sweep Time to 100 s. If this is not possible,
set to the smallest sweep time possible.
12 Adjust to 1 dB per division.
13 Select input attenuation and reference level for optimum presentation
of the audio pulses.
14 Verify the presence of audio pulses. You should see 3 s timing pulses
from the MVP encoder and 5 s or 9 s data pulses from the Scientific-
Atlanta scrambler.



Aligning data pulse height (continued)

Step Action
15 Ensure that the timing pulses are 6 dB high. You do this adjustment in
the encoder. Refer to your MVP documentation.
16 Ensure that the data pulses are at the appropriate height for the
application.
MVP Piggyback Scrambling mode =4.5 dB high.
MVP Pirate Defeat Piggyback Scrambling mode =6.0, 6.8, or 7.5 dB
high. Make any necessary adjustments on the piggyback board.
If you have the MVP Pirate Defeat Piggyback Scrambling mode, use the
following table to determine which data pulse height is best.
IF you have... THEN the recommended
data pulse height is...

any DL4 converters in your
system
6.0 dB.
Any DRZ converters but no DL4
converters in your system
6.8 dB.
No DL4 or DRZ converters in
your system
7.5 dB.
Important! You can achieve the best pirate defeat operation using a 7.5
dB pulse height. However, DL4 and DRZ converters require lower pulse
heights (see table above).
17 Connect the encoder COMPOSITE IF OUTPUT to a cable TV
modulator.
18 Connect the Cable TV modulator with appropriate attenuators to a
Scientific-Atlanta 8600 Home Terminal.
19 Connect the 8600 Home Terminal to a television set. Tune the 8600 Home
Terminal to the frequency of the modulator.



Aligning data pulse height (continued)

Step Action
20 Enable the on-screen menu of the 8600 Home Terminal by pressing the
MENU key on the 8600 Home Terminal.
21 Press the Arrowkey on the home terminal until the on-screen arrow
points to SET-TOP CONTROL. Press the SEL key.
22 Press the Arrowkey on the home terminal until the on-screen arrow
points to SET-TOP STATUS. Press the SEL key.
23 Use operating mode 0Calibration to set the vertical interval end line
to 24. Refer to Entering Calibration Mode in chapter 3 for details.
Result: Does DATA: OK appear?
If Yes, go to step 25.
If No, go to step 24.
24 Repeat steps 5 through 23 to determine if all pulses are present.
State of Pulses Action
All pulses are present
with correct levels and
the on-screen display
indicates DATA: OK.
The installation is complete.
Go to step 25.

All pulses are not present. Check the PROMs in the MVP
encoder.
Repeat steps 5 through 23.

25 Press Enter and +to keep the scrambler settings and then turn off the
power.
27 Place the encoder back in the rack, reconnect all cables, and restore
power.

Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder

Procedure
Follow this procedure to install the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC encoder.

Step Action
1

WARNING!
4 Locate the following connectors on the back plane of the encoder:
Data receptor/ PPV module
Data formatter module
Sync module
Linear mode module


Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder, Continued


Step Action
5 Solder the wires of the interface kit as follows.
Solder this Wire At this Location
Red wire (+5 V) Pin 1 on the data receptor/ PPV
module board connector

Black wire (ground) Pin 3 on the data receptor/ PPV
module board connector.

Blue wire Pin 17 on the sync module board
connector.

Green wire Pin V of the sync module board
connector.


Installing the ZVE Interface Kit in a Zenith Z-TAC Encoder, Continued


Step Action
6 Use the supplied double sticky-back tape to mount the board inside the
encoder against the back plane.

7 Feed the cable through one of the ventilation holes on the encoder.
9 Replace the encoder in the rack.
10 Use a screwdriver to connect the following wires at the back of the
encoder:
Connect this Wire At this Location on encoder
Silver wire Pin 2 of the terminal block
Black wire Pin 6 of the terminal block.
Red wire Pin 7 of the terminal block.

11 Connect the other cables as shown in Diagram: Zenith ZVE Encoder
connection in section A of this chapter.

Installing the PMInterface Kit in a Zenith Encoder

Procedure
Follow this procedure to install the PM Interface Kit in a Zenith PM encoder.

Step Action
1

WARNING!
4 Identify the four boards in the encoder.


Installing the PMInterface Kit in a Zenith Encoder, Continued


Step Action
5 Remove the IF switcher board, then:
Cut a trace at Pin 13
Cut a trace at Pin 14 (if a trace is connected to this pin)
Important!
Be sure that you position the cut at pin 13 so that you will be able to
solder a wire to the pin.
Be sure that the connection is broken at the trace cuts.



Step Action
6 Solder the wires of the interface kit as follows:
Solder this Wire At this Location
Black wire TP200 on top of the IF Switcher
Board

Orange wire TP201 on top of the IF Switcher
Board

Gray wire (Ground) TP202 on top of the IF Switcher
Board

Violet wire (+5V) Feedthrough near Pin 6
Yellow wire Pin 13 on the bottom of the IF
Switcher Board

7 Is a trace cut at pin 14?
If yes, connect a black wire from TP200 to the trace connected to pin
13.




Step Action
8 Remove the video board from the encoder.
9 Feed the green wire through the open video board slot to the front of
the encoder.
10 Solder the end of this wire to the FCS header pin on the video board.
11 Carefully reinsert the video board so that the green wire does not get
caught in the card edge connector.
12 Carefully reinsert the IF switcher board.
13 Route the Interface Cable out the side ventilation holes.
14 Use the supplied double-sided sticky back tape to mount the interface
board to the back plane board of the encoder. Tie-wrap the wires
neatly.
15 Replace cover on encoder and reconnect cables.
WARNING!
RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK. DO NOT RESTORE POWER TO THE
ENCODER. YOU NEED TO CONNECT MORE WIRES.

16 Use a screwdriver to connect the wires at the back of the scrambler as
follows.
Connect this Wire At this Location on Scrambler
Silver wire Pin 2 of the terminal block
Red wire Pin 6 of the terminal block
Black wire Pin 11 of the terminal block
Note: The pin numbers of the terminal block start with number 1 at the
left side.
17 Connect the cables as shown in Diagram: Zenith PM Encoder
connection in section A of this chapter.


Series 8656
x
Scrambler

7
Troubleshooting

504081 Rev D Troubleshooting 7-1
Chapter 7
Troubleshooting
Overview

Introduction
This chapter contains a troubleshooting guide that has procedures you may use
before you call for service. If you are not able to resolve the problem, answer the
questions in the Before You Call the Technical Assistance Center section later in
this chapter, and have the answers ready when you call.
Diagnostic Status can be used to display power-on diagnostic test results for
various aspects of scrambler operation and hardware. You may be asked to check
diagnostic status if you call the Technical Assistance Center.

Safety Advisories

Caution:

Caution:
Some troubleshooting procedures may interrupt subscriber service.

In this chapter

Topic See Page
Troubleshooting Guide 7-3
Before You Call the Technical Assistance Center 7-9
Diagnostic Status 7-14
Displaying Diagnostic Status 7-17
7-2 Troubleshooting 504081 Rev D

Troubleshooting Guide

Introduction
This troubleshooting guide consists of four kinds of problems that have one or
more possible causes and solutions:
Video problems
Audio problems
Data problems
Power problems

Guideline
Follow the procedures in the order they appear.

Troubleshooting Guide, Continued

Video problems
Follow the steps in the table below to troubleshoot the scrambler for video
problems.

Problem Possible Cause Check and Correct
Video does not
descramble correctly
Problems in the
video of scrambled
channels
Poor baseband video
input to scrambler
Improper calibration
Incorrect cable setup
Intermittent cables
No video switch
module in the
television modulator
Scrambler has wrong
session keys
1. Inspect the baseband video
source input to the
scrambler.
2. Use operating mode 16
Diagnostic Stats to inspect
for glitches in the baseband
video input to the
scrambler.
3. Inspect the cabling for the
appropriate application.
Make certain cables are not
intermittent.
4. Verify the following
calibration parameters.
Depth of modulation,
87.5%
Picture-to-sound ratio, 15
dB
Data/ tag pulse heights, 6
dB
Baseband input range 0.5
V DC to 2.0 V DC
(optimally, 1 V p-p)
5. Rebuild the scrambler from
System Manager (8600
X
HCT addressable control
systems only).
6. Call the Scientific-Atlanta
Technical Assistance
Center for instructions on
the proper use of the video
switch.


Audio problems
Follow the steps in the table below to troubleshoot the scrambler for audio
problems.

Buzz on audio
SAP buzz on certain
television sets
Suppression of audio
carrier at IF
Use operating mode 12
Buzz Reduction to enable
sync or SAP buzz
reduction.

Data problems
Follow the steps in the table below to troubleshoot data problems with the
scrambler.

HCTs are unable to
receive data.

Defective link between
the HEC and the
scrambler, due to one of
the following:
Incorrect setups
Defective cables
Improperly installed
terminator
Incorrect calibration
parameters
HCT fails to tune to
the correct frequency
Video or audio data is
disabled
1. If front panel display
indicates good data
link, inspect the
baseband source. If
necessary, replace with
a known good
baseband video source.
2. Verify that the
following setups in the
HEC match the setups
in the scrambler.
Baud rates
Correct data stream
(scrambler)
Correct channel ID
3. Correct scrambler
address at the HEC and
the scrambler.


Data problems (continued)

HCTs are unable to
receive data (cont.)
4. Be sure that only the
last scrambler in the
loop has a 9-pin
terminator installed.
5. Install a new data
cable.
6. Verify the following
scrambler calibration
parameters.
Picture-to-sound
ratio, 15 dB
Data/ tag pulse
heights, 6 dB
Baseband input range
0.5 V DC to 2.0 V DC
(optimally, 1 V p-p)
7. Enable video or audio
data from System
Manager or using
operating mode 14
Data Enable.
8. Be sure that the
television modulator
has 87.5% depth of
modulation.



Power problems
Follow the steps in the table below to troubleshoot for power problems with the
scrambler.

The scrambler does not
power on.
AC source is bad
Scrambler AC power
fuse is blown
1. Inspect the AC power
supply and verify the
connection.
2. Inspect the scrambler
for a blown AC power
fuse.
3. Replace the scrambler.

Before You Call the Technical Assistance Center

Introduction
If you are still experiencing problems after using the Troubleshooting Guide (see
previous section) answer the questions in this section to help you further isolate the
problem. Record your answers and be ready to give your answers to the Technical
Assistance Center representative when you call.

Video problems

Answer these questions before you call the
Technical Assistance Center...
Write your answers here...
Are picture-to-sound level, depth of modulation
level, and all other levels correct? Are pulse heights
set to 6 dB?

What type of test equipment are you using?

How is the test equipment set up? Describe your
configuration.

When was this piece of equipment last calibrated?

Is baseband video good coming into the scrambler?

What is the video source?

Is the video good out of the receiver?

Is the scrambler installed correctly with respect to RF
cabling?

If you replace this scrambler with a scrambler that is
known to be good, is the problem corrected?

Did more than one scrambler fail at the same time?
With the same problem?

Has this scrambler been used before? How long?
Out-of-box failure?

Before You Call the Technical Assistance Center, Continued

Calibration problems

Is the scrambler properly calibrated?

What method was used for calibration?

Is a Scrambler Calibration Unit being used?

If yes, is the Scrambler Calibration Unit still within
calibration?

What type of test equipment are you using for
calibration?

Are pulse heights set correctly?

Are IF levels and frequencies correct coming out of
the modulator to the scrambler?

If you replace this scrambler with a scrambler that
is known to be good, is the problem corrected?


Out-of-box failure?


Front panel display problems

Is a good baseband video source being used?

What is the video source?

Have you checked for any loose connectors
between the front panel and the digital board?



Out-of-box failure?


Data problems

Check to be sure the data cable to the scrambler is
correctly looped to the HEC. Is this correct?

Have you tried a new data cable?

Does the front panel indicate that data is present
from the HEC?

Is the scrambler configured for the correct data
stream/ scrambler type?

Is the scrambler configured correctly in the HEC?

If the scrambler is in a daisy chain, is the last
scrambler in the chain terminated?



Out-of-box failure?


Power problems

Is the scrambler connected to a good AC outlet that
has power applied?

Have you checked for a blown fuse (located on the
back panel)?



Out-of-box failure?

Diagnostic Status

Introduction
The Technical Assistance Center representative may ask you to check the
scrambler Diagnostic Status when you call. Diagnostic Status displays power-on
diagnostic test results for various aspects of scrambler operation and hardware.

Diagnostic Status screens
The Diagnostic Status screens are described below.
Notes:
The first five Diagnostic Status screens are error counters.
If the diagnostic status for a component is BAD, perform a factory reset
(operating mode 91). If the status is still BAD, return the scrambler to the factory
for repairs.

Display Status Description
Video Loss nnn 0 to 999 The number of times baseband video was
lost
Rcvr.CRC Err nnn 0 to 999 The number of receiver CRC errors on either
the HEC or ISP ports
Rcvr.Ovrn Err nnn 0 to 999 The number of receiver overrun errors on
either the HEC or ISP ports
MsgBufr Ovrn nnn 0 to 999 The number of message buffer overrun errors
on either the HEC or ISP ports
SytemResets nnn 0 to 999 The number of scrambler resets (including
power-on cycles)
Clear ALL Errors Simultaneously clears all five of the above
error counters
VLinesW/ Data nnn 0 to 254 The number of video lines that have data
Rnd# Gen.U31 OK OK or
BAD
The status of the random number generator
SC21 U16 OK OK or
BAD
The status of SC21
Time Clk U27 OK OK or
BAD
The status of the real-time clock
Data NVRAM
nnnK
0 to 1024 The size of installed nonvolatile (data) RAM
FreeDatNVM
nnnK
0 to 1024 The size of available nonvolatile (data) RAM
Data RAM U20
OK
OK or
BAD
The status of nonvolatile (data) RAM

Diagnostic Status, Continued

Diagnostic Status screens (continued)

Display Status Description
Video RAM U15
OK
OK or
BAD
The status of the dual port (video) RAM
Aud RAM U30 OK OK or
BAD
The status of the dual port (audio) RAM
Main RAM U29 OK OK or
BAD
The status of nonvolatile (main) RAM
Main ROM U26 OK OK or
BAD
The status of (main) program ROM
Data ROM U25 OK OK or
BAD
The status of (data) program ROM
HH:MMam
MM/ DD/ YY
The current time and date
SC21 0-999 The number of errors that the SC21
microprocessor yields over operation
Vert Errors nnn 0-999 The number of bad video indications from
the data microprocessor
Des Tx Errors 0-999 The number of descrambling transaction
errors
VBI Tx Errors 0-999 The number of vertical blanking interval
(VBI) transaction errors

Displaying Diagnostic Status

Procedure
Follow the instructions in the table below to display diagnostic status.

1
PRM SySu IEB 000
AVA 33s IE1 255

SELECT
2
Select Mode ID
_ _

16
ENTER
3
Diagnostic Stats

Screen appears (no action)
4
+ or - to Choose
ENTER to Clear

Screen appears (no action)
5
Diagnostic Stats
Video Loss 000

Note: This screen shows the
current diagnostic display.
+or - to move through the diagnostic
screens.
ENTER when finished.
6 Determine your next step based on the screen that displays.
IF the last screen... THEN...
was an error counter, go to step 7.
was Clear ALL Errs, go to step 8.
any other screen, go to step 9.


Displaying Diagnostic Status, Continued


7
Clear this count
+ CLEAR - KEEP

+to clear this error counter and
return to the status screen.
- to not clear this error counter and
8
Clear ALL Errs?
+ CLEAR - KEEP

+to clear all error counters and
- to not clear any error counters and
9
Can't clear this
+ or - Exits

+or - to return to the status screen.



Series 8656
x
Scrambler

A
ppendices
Appendix A - Technical Information
Appendix B - Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines
Appendix C - Installing the XD Chip, XM Chip, and
SRAM
Appendix D - Customer Information

504081 Rev D Technical Information A-1
Appendix A
Technical Information
Overview

Introduction
The technical information in this appendix is provided for your reference.

Scope of this appendix
This appendix provides general specifications for the Series 8656
X
Scrambler and
for audio masking scramblers, and provides descriptions of the scrambler
connectors.

In this appendix
This appendix contains the following topics.

Topic See Page
General Specifications A-2
Audio Masking Specifications A-9
Connectors A-13

A-2 Technical Information 504081 Rev D
General Specifications

Introduction
The following are the specifications for the Series 8656
X
(CCIR-M, NTSC)
Scrambler.
Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Baseband video

Item Specification
Input level 0.5 V p-p to 2.0 V p-p (1.0 V p-p nominal) (composite video
negative going sync)
Output level 1.0 V p-p 10%
Input impedance 75 , unbalanced
Input return loss 30 dB min, from 100 kHz to 4.5 MHz
Chrom-to-lum
delay
70 ns (max)
Group delay 75 ns p-p (max), 0.1 to 3.75 MHz
Differential gain 1.5% (max)
Differential phase 2 (max)
Frequency
response
0.5 dB p-p max ripple, from 100 kHz to 3.75 MHz, >26 dB
attenuation from 4.4 MHz to 10 MHz
Response slope 0.3 dB/ MHz max, from 100 kHz to 3.7 MHz
VBI data height 68 IRE 5 IRE
Regenerated sync 4.7 s 0.1 s (can be reduced in width by 140 ns, 280 ns,
or 420 ns, -40 IRE)

Video IF

Item Specification
Input level +46 dBmV 6 dBmV
Insertion loss 0.0 dB 1.0 dB (over 41.5 MHz to 47.0 MHz range)
Video sync suppression 5.4 dB, 5.8 dB, and 6.0 dB 0.1 dB
Impedance 75 , unbalanced
Input return loss 16 dB min from 33.0 MHz to 47.0 MHz
Noise and hum - 60 dB
Frequency response 0.25 dB from 4.15 MHz to 47.5 MHz
Differential gain 0.25 dB

General Specifications, Continued

Video IF (continued)

Item Specification
Differential phase 0.5
Spurious and harmonic
outputs
<- 57 dBc

Audio IF

Item Specification
Input level 36.0 dBmV 6 dB
Insertion loss NTSC (XSU, XSJ, XEU): 0 dB 0.5 dB (at 41.25
MHz, 73 kHz)
Impedance 75 , unbalanced
Hum and noise - 60 dB
Data pulse height
Standard Scientific-
Atlanta pulses
Jerrold compatible pulses
General Instrument and
Sylvania compatible
pulses
4.0 dB to 7.0 dB, adjustable
Timing: 6.0 dB 0.1 dB
Tag: 6.0 dB 0.1 dB
Tag: 4.6 dB 0.1 dB
Tag: 4.6 dB 0.1 dB
Sync buzz reduction level 5.8 dB 0.2 dB
Harmonic distortion <0.2% THD
Spurious outputs <-57 dBc


PLL

Item Specification
VCO frequency 14.318 MHz, nominal
Acquisition range 1.00 MHz min, 4.00 MHz max
Hold in range 1.00 MHz min, 4.00 MHz max
Jitter F
vco
/ 1820 phase locks to F
h
/ 2 with 40 ns max
error, with NTSC standard video-in

Electrical

Item Specification
Power input voltage 97.5 V AC to 132 V AC, 50/ 60 Hz
Power consumption 50 W max
Fuse One 1 A SLO-BLO, 250 V AC power fuse

RS-485 interface

Item Specification
Output leakage current < 100 A for -7 Vout +12 V
Differential output voltage 1.5 V min
Signal sensitivity 500 mV
Input resistance 80 k typical
Hysteresis 200 mV typical


Audio pulse timing
Note: All pulse widths and delay times use 50 percent points.

Item Specification
Timing pulse-to-sync pulse
delay
On Time: 3.0 s nominal
Offset 6 s: 9.0 s nominal
Note: All timing modes are adjustable by at least
4 s in 70-ns steps.
Timing pulse-to-late data
pulse delay
50 s 1.0 s
Timing pulse-to-early data
pulse delay
20 s 1.0 s
Timing pulse-to-initial pulse
delay
20 s 1.0 s
Timing pulse-to-pirate
defeat data pulses
19 s 1.0 s
Timing pulse width Jerrold modes
3.0 s 0.1 s
Scientific-Atlanta scrambling modes
6.0 s 0.1 s
Terminal pulse
10.0 s 0.2 s
Data pulse width Tier level pulses
3.0 s 0.1 s
Scientific-Atlanta data pulses
6.0 s 0.1 s
Pirate defeat data pulses
9.0 s 0.2 s
Sylvania-compatible pulses
18.0 s 0.5 s


Video pulse timing
Note: All pulse widths and delay times use 50 percent points.

Item Specification
Sync pulse-to-start of data 11.2 s 0.5 s
VBI data rate 4.0 Mbps
VBI data pulse width 250 ns 20 ns for 00100 or 11011 sequence
12 MHz clock frequency 12.0 MHz 100 ppm

Mechanical

Item Specification
Size 89.0 mm H x 425 mm W x 457 mm D
(3.5 in. H x 16.75 in. W x 18 in. D)
Weight 4.5 kg
(10 lb)
Rack adaptability Mounts into an standard EIA, 610-mm (24-in.)
deep rack. (The Model 8656-XSJ also fits into a
standard JIA rack.)
Note: The scrambler occupies two 44.5-mm (1.75-
in.) rack spaces.

Environmental

Item Specification
Operating temperature
0C to +50C
(32F to 122F)
Relative humidity 95% non-condensing at 50C

Audio Masking Specifications

Audio

Item Specification
Main audio
input
Input level: Normally set for 0.0 dBm 3 dBm, standard input range
Internally switchable to two other ranges:
High input range: 15 dBm 3 dBm
Low input range: -15 dBm 3 dBm
Input
impedance
600 balanced
Can be used with unbalanced sources
Barker audio
input
Input level: Normally set for 0.0 dBm 3 dBm, standard input range
Internally switchable to two other ranges:
15 dBm 3 dBm
-15 dBm 3 dBm
Input
impedance
600 balanced
Can be used with unbalanced sources

Masked audio output

Item Specification
Output load 600 balanced
FM deviation Standard input range: 15 1 kHz with 0 dBm input
High input range: 15 1 kHz with +15 dBm input
Low input range: 15 1 kHz with -15 dBm input
Carrier
frequency
31468 100 Hz with no main audio input
Amplitude + 9.0 1.0 dBm
Response
30 Hz to 6 kHz : 0 0.5 dB + 75 s pre-emphasis
10 kHz : -0.3 0.5 + 7 5 s pre-emphasis
12 kHz: -0.7 0.5 + 75 s pre-emphasis
FM distortion Less than 2.0 percent with an input of a 1.0 kHz tone at
0 dBm using the nominal input range. Demodulated using 75 s de-
emphasis and a 30 Hz to 10 kHz filter
Overdeviation Overdeviation indication occurs at 15 1 kHz deviation
Signal-to-noise Greater than 50 dB with an input of a 1.0 kHz tone at
0 dBm. Demodulated using 75 s de-emphasis and a 30 kHz to 10
kHz filter

Audio Masking Specifications, Continued

Barker audio output

Item Specification
Amplitude 0 1.0 dBm with 0 dBm input
Frequency response 0 3.0 dB, 30 Hz to 3 kHz, relative to 100 Hz
Distortion Less than 2.0 percent with an input of a 1.0 kHz tone at 0
dBm using the nominal input range. Measured with 75 s
de-emphasis and with a 30 Hz to 10 kHz filter
Signal-to-noise Greater than 50 dB with an input of a 1.0 kHz tone at 0
dBm. Demodulated using 75 s de-emphasis and with a 30
Hz to 10 kHz filter

Tone output

Item Specification
Frequency 400 Hz 50 Hz
Amplitude -14.0 dBm 1.0 dBm

Unmasked audio output

Item Specification
Insertion loss 0 1.0 dBm with an input of a 1.0 kHz tone at 0 dBm using
the nominal input range
Response 0 0.5 dB + 75 s pre-emphasis from 30 Hz to 12 kHz
relative to 100 Hz
Signal-to-noise Greater than 50 dB measured with a 75 s de-emphasis and
with a 30 Hz to 10 kHz filter

Connectors

Introduction
The tables below list all connectors on the Series 8656
X
(CCIR-M, NTSC) Scrambler.

Diagram: Back panel
Use the diagram below when referencing the location of each connector.

Audio and video connectors

Connector Type Connects...
AUDIO IF OUT (J1) F to AUDIO IF IN on television modulator.
AUDIO IF IN (J2) F to AUDIO IF OUT on television modulator.
VIDEO IF OUT (J3) F to VIDEO IF IN on television modulator.
VIDEO IF IN (J4) F to VIDEO IF OUT on television modulator.
VIDEO BB OUT (J5) F to BB VIDEO IN on television modulator.
VIDEO BB IN (J6) F from baseband video source.

Connectors, Continued

Headend Controller connectors

HEC DATA IN DB-9 from the Headend Controller, or
from HEC DATA OUT of previous
scrambler.
HEC DATA OUT DB-9
to HEC DATA IN of next scrambler,
or is terminated with 9-pin data
terminator.

ISP data connectors

ISP DATA IN DB-9 from ISP, or from ISP DATA OUT of
previous scrambler.
ISP DATA OUT DB-9
to ISP DATA IN of next scrambler, or
is terminated with data termination
plug.

RS-232 connector

RS-232 port DB-9 to DATA IN of out-of-band transmitter.

Data repeater connector

DATA REPEATER OUT DB-9 to DATA IN of data repeater.


Terminal block connectors

Terminal Block
Connector
Description
ATTENUATION
(TB1-1)
Logic output indicating the HBI and VBI attenuation intervals.
GROUND
(TB1-2)
Internal ground connection from logic inputs to ground.
REMOTE 1
(TB1-3)
Remote scramble.
Note: Grounding this pin enables scrambling if, on the
scrambler front panel, the scrambler switch is OFF, and the
remote switch is ON.
REMOTE 2
(TB1-4)
Remote control for Scientific-Atlanta drop field mode.
Note: Grounding this pin enables drop field if the remote
switch on the scrambler front panel is ON.
REMOTE 3
(TB1-5)
Remote control for Zenith Line 22 operation.
Note: Grounding this pin enables Zenith line 22 mode, if
Zenith compatible scrambling mode is selected.
REMOTE 4
(TB1-6)
Remote control input for GI or Zenith sync suppression enable.
Notes:
Grounding this pin in GI or Zenith compatible modes enables
suppression.
By removing jumper J13 on the digital board, this pin
becomes the BARKER AUDIO +input for audio scrambling.


Terminal block connectors (continued)

Terminal Block
Connector
Description
REMOTE 5
(TB1-7)
Remote control input for GI or Zenith video invert enable.
Notes:
Grounding this pin enables video inversion.
becomes the BARKER AUDIO - input for audio
scrambling.
AUDIO OUT +
(TB1-8)
Audio output to audio modulator (balanced output).
Note: Use this for optional audio scrambling.
AUDIO OUT -
(TB1-9)
Audio output to audio modulator (balanced output).
GROUND
(TB1-10)
Audio ground.
AUDIO IN +
(TBI-11)
Remote control input for GI 10 dB mode.
Notes:
If the scrambler is in GI MVP or DSE compatible modes,
grounding this pin enables GI 10 dB mode (not 6 dB).
becomes the AUDIO IN +input for audio scrambling.
AUDIO IN -
(TBI-12)
Remote control input for GI Split Sync mode. If the Scrambler
is in GI MVP or DSE compatible modes, grounding this pin
enables GI Split Sync. By removing jumper J10 on the digital
board, this pin becomes the AUDIO IN - input for audio
scrambling.

504081 Rev D Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines B-1

Appendix B
Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines
Overview

Introduction
This appendix gives VBI line restrictions and recommendations for vertical interval
start and end settings.
VBI line restrictions and vertical interval settings are based on the scrambling
mode. The mode is set at System Manager and appears on the scrambler LED.

In this appendix
Topic See Page
VBI Line Restrictions B-2
Vertical Interval Settings B-3

B-2 Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines 504081 Rev D
VBI Line Restrictions

Guidelines
The table below indicates which VBI output lines can be set on the System
Manager Scrambler VBI Line Setup screen, based on the scrambling mode being
used.
Output Lines that are shaded are restricted and are not available.
Output Lines 21 and 22 (not shown) are also not available.

Note: MIDI is normally enabled.

Scrambling Mode Output Lines
Any Scientific-Atlanta mode
except Dynamic
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Scientific-Atlanta Dynamic 11 12 13 14 15* 16 17 18 19 20
Jerrold MVP Piggyback 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Zenith Line 20
Pin 5 open
(Remote 3)
2

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Zenith Line 22
Pin 5 grounded
(Remote 3)
2

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Any
3
except TOCOM, Jerrold,
Pioneer, and Zenith
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1
To have nine VBI lines with this configuration, set timing to Ontime and vertical interval end to
22. This causes only line 22 to be destroyed for 8600
X
HCTs and no lines destroyed for any audio
home terminals. Note, however, that audio pulses are not well secured when they are ontime.
2
Scientific-Atlanta scrambler piggy-backed to Zenith scrambler.
3
If the scrambler is in Scientific-Atlanta/ Zenith mode (Mode 88 on the front panel), and you are
using any scrambling method other than TOCOM, Jerrold, Pioneer, or Zenith, set MIDI to Enabled
and do not set VBI output lines 13, 21, or 22.
* Do not put data on this lineif theVertical Interval End is 15. You can select this setting using thematrix in theVertical
I nterval Settings section in this appendix.

504081 Rev D Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines B-3

Vertical Interval Settings

Recommendations
Set the vertical interval start and end as recommended below, based on the
scrambling mode used. Make sure you set the Vertical Interval Start and the
Vertical Interval End correctly or a glitch appears in the video during mode
change.
Note: For all Scientific-Atlanta scrambling modes, MIDI must be enabled.

Scrambling Mode HCTs Vertical
Interval
Start
Vertica
l
Interval
End
Any Scientific-
Atlanta mode except
Dynamic
Only 8600
X
HCTs receive this
channel
262 22
8600
X
HCTs and Models 8550
home terminals or earlier, receive
this channel
262 20
All other combinations of HCTs
receive this channel
263 23
Scientific-Atlanta
Dynamic
Models 8570 home terminals and
above including 8600
X
HCTs.
262 See
Matrix
on next
page
Note: Refer to Setting Vertical Interval Start and End in chapter 3 for
recommended Vertical Interval Start and End for compatible encoders.


B-4 Guidelines for Configuring VBI Lines 504081 Rev D
Vertical Interval Settings, Continued

Scientific-Atlanta Dynamic Scrambling Mode Matrix
If you use Scientific-Atlanta Dynamic Scrambling mode, use the matrix below to
determine the correct Vertical Interval End for your version of HCT code and the
corresponding System Manager System Release.
Important! Adjust the Load Line value in System Managers Headend Parameters
so that it matches the Vertical Interval End value that you select for the scrambler.
Refer to theSystem Manager Users Guidefor moreinformation.
Example : If your System Release is 4.0 and your HCT code is version A2, your
Vertical Interval End is 15.

SR 3.6 SR 3.65 SR 4.0 SR 4.01 SR 4.5
HCT Code Version
HCT1X
15 15 N/ A N/ A N/ A
HCT Code Version 30.5 15 15 N/ A N/ A N/ A
HCT Code Version 2.0 N/ A N/ A 22* 22* 22*
Starsight HCT Code
Version A2
N/ A N/ A 15 15 15
Starsight HCT Code
Version A3
N/ A N/ A 15 15 15
* If you do not have8600
X
or 8610
X
HCTs at Rev. G or later, but you have8590, 8600, or 8610 set tops on this
channel, set theVertical Interval End to 23. This prevents descrambling artifacts on theTelecaption data line
(line21). If you have8600
X
or 8610
X
HCTs at Rev. G or later, you must set theVertical Interval End to 15.

504081 Rev D Installing the XD Chip, XM Chip, and SRAM C-1
Appendix C
Installing the XD Chip, XMChip, and SRAM
Overview

Introduction
This appendix contains the information you need to install the XD chip, XM chip,
and SRAM in the 8656
X
scrambler. It also contains information for configuring the
download scrambler to send the new HCT code to the home terminals in the
system.
Note: Contact the Scientific-Atlanta Technical Assistance Center to determine
whether it is necessary for you to actually download HCT code. The telephone
number for your region is in Customer Support in appendix D.

SystemRelease 4.5 requirements
The scrambler requirements for System Release 4.5 are:
All 8656
X
scramblers require an XD and XM chip
Download scramblers need one blank 512k SRAM
IVG and Text scramblers require 1 megabyte (two 512k chips) of blank SRAM

Safety advisories

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION:
Read the Safety Advisories section before attempting to install the chips or
SRAM in the scrambler. Look for this symbol throughout this manual:

In this appendix

Topic See Page
Installation Overview C-2
Safety Advisories
C-4
Installing the XD and XM Chips C-5
Installing the SRAM C-11
C-2 Installing the XD Chip, XM Chip, and SRAM 504081 Rev D
Setting Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM

C-15
Setting up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM C-18

Installation Overview

Installing the XD and XMchips and SRAM
Depending on your system release and scrambler type, you may need to install the
following components into the scrambler:
XD and XM chips
A blank SRAM to expand memory
An HCT download SRAM that contains the current version of HCT code.
Note: You may only need to complete part of the chip installation (see Installing
the XD and XM Chips in this appendix.)

Setting up the scrambler
After you install the chips and correct SRAM for your system release version, you
must setup the scrambler so that it can properly function in the system. This
requires that you do the following to the scrambler.
Set the address
Set the calibration settings
Define and rebuild from System Manager

Installation Overview, Continued

Configuring the download scrambler
To configure the download scrambler, you must do the following:
Install the XD and XM chips
Install the SRAM
Set up the download scrambler by doing the following:
Set the download scrambler address
Enter the calibration settings
Define and rebuild the scrambler from System Manager
Load the blank SRAM with the new code (SR 4.5)

Identifying the download scrambler
To identify the download channel scrambler, look at the scramblers front-panel
LCD (see the diagram below). The download channel scrambler has the letter D in
the first position of the Video Data Status indicator.


Safety Advisories

Warnings and cautions
STOP! Read the following safety advisories before proceeding.

WARNING:
ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD! BEFORE REMOVING THE SCRAMBLER COVER, TURN THE
POWER SWITCH TO THE OFF POSITION, AND UNPLUG THE POWER CORD.

Cautions:
Avoid damaging the scrambler PCB and chips. Before touching the PCB or
chips, ground yourself with an electrostatic strap.
Avoid damaging the scrambler, the chips, and the SRAM. Pay careful
attention to the placement of the chips. Inserting the chips upside down,
in the wrong socket, or in the wrong direction destroys them when power
is applied to the scrambler. The chips may even melt.
Be careful not to bend the pins on the underside of the SRAM when
inserting. Each pin must plug securely into each corresponding hole on
the socket. Otherwise, the SRAM will not operate correctly.

Installing the XD and XMChips

Introduction
To install the XD and XM chips, you must first determine which system release
you have. Contact the Scientific-Atlanta Technical Assistance Center for
information on the XD and XM chip versions that are required for your system.
STOP HERE! If your scrambler already has the current XD, XM and HCT code.
You are finished with the configuration. No further action is necessary.

Time required
This configuration process takes 15 to 30 minutes to complete per scrambler.

XD and XMchips
The new chips for the Model 8656
X
Scrambler contain the latest scrambler code.
They are distinguished from each other by their labels:
The data chip has an XD on its label
The main chip has an XM on its label


Installing the XD and XMChips, Continued

Safety advisories

WARNING!

Cautions:

Installation procedure
Follow these steps to install the new XD and XM chips.
Step Action
1
WARNING!
RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK. REMOVE POWER BEFORE CONTINUING
WITH THIS PROCEDURE.
Turn off the scrambler power switch.
Disconnect the power cord.



Installation procedure (continued)

Step Action
2 Remove the screws attaching the cover to the scrambler, then remove
the cover. You will see the scrambler PCB (see below).
If you have an audio masking board, remove the board.



Step Action
3
If you do not have the current XD and XM code installed, go to step 4.
If you already have the current XD and XM code installed, go to
Installing the SRAM, in this appendix.
4 Locate the U25 and U26 chips (the current XD and XM firmware,
respectively). Using the scrambler chip extractor tool, remove the
current XD chip.

5 Look at the new XD and XM chips and note that each has a wedge-
shaped corner (see below).
Important: It is imperative to align this wedge with the wedge in the
socket and have the label facing UP when you install the chip. There is
also a white outline on the PCB silk-screen that corresponds to the
chips correct orientation.




Step Action
6 Carefully push the new XD chip into the socket as (see below).

Caution:
Pay careful attention to the placement of the chip. Inserting the
chip upside down, in the wrong socket, or in the wrong
direction can cause it to melt when power is applied to the
scrambler.




Step Action
7 Use the extractor tool to remove the current XM chip from its
socket.
Carefully push the new XM chip into the socket. Refer to the
illustrations in the previous steps, if necessary.

Caution:
Pay careful attention to the placement of the chip. Inserting the
chip upside down, in the wrong socket, or in the wrong
direction can cause it to melt when power is applied to the
scrambler.

8 Go to Installing the SRAM.

Installing the SRAM

Introduction
This section describes how to install an SRAM in the scrambler.

Scrambler type
If the scrambler is a download scrambler, you must first determine which system
release you have.
If you have system release 4.0.1 or earlier, the HCT SRAM contains the HCT
code for all HCTs on the headend.
If you have system release 4.5 or greater, you must install blank SRAM or use the
Download Data Stream function on the System Manager to erase the current
SRAM.
If the scrambler is an IVG scrambler, you must install two 512K SRAM chips in the
scrambler.

Time required
This configuration process takes 15 to 30 minutes to complete per scrambler.

Installing the SRAM, Continued

Safety advisories

WARNING!


Cautions:
Be careful not to bend the pins on the underside of the SRAM when
inserting. Each pin must plug securely into each corresponding hole on
the socket. Otherwise, the SRAM will not operate correctly.

Installation procedure
Follow these steps to install the HCT SRAM.

Step Action
1
WARNING!
RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK. REMOVE POWER BEFORE CONTINUING
WITH THIS PROCEDURE.
Turn off the scrambler power switch.
Disconnect the power cord.




Step Action
2 If necessary, pull out the current SRAM and push in a new one (see
below). You may need to install two SRAMs in U20 and in U21.
Looking from the front of the scrambler, the printing on the SRAM
(RAM ROM or BENCHMARQ) will be upside down.
Note: A single download SRAM goes into the U20 position. Dual
SRAMs fill the U20 and U21 positions. If you are using IVG, you must
insert dual download SRAMs.
Caution:
Pay careful attention to the placement of the SRAM. Inserting
the SRAM in the wrong socket or in the wrong direction
destroys it when power is applied to the scrambler.




Step Action
3 Return the old SRAM to either of the following addresses:
Via Postal Service
Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
Technical Services Dept., ATL 38-F
4291 Communications Drive
P. O. Box 6850
Norcross, GA 30091-6850
Via Other Parcel Carriers
Technical Services Dept., ATL 38-F
Norcross, GA 30093
4 Replace the audio masking board, if necessary.
Re-attach the cover to the top of the scrambler.
Reconnect the power cord.
Do NOT turn on the scrambler.
5 If you have a pre-4.5 System Release version and you are setting up a
download scrambler, go to Setting Up the Scrambler with a
Download SRAM.
If you have System Release 4.5 or greater, go to Setting Up the
Scrambler with a Blank SRAM.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM

Introduction
Once the installation of chips and SRAM is complete, you must set up the
download scrambler to download the new default HCT code to the home
terminals in the system.
Note: This procedure supports systems up to, but not including, System 4.5. (Refer
to Setting Up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM for information on setting up
all other scramblers.)

Setup steps
Before you can send the new HCT code to the home terminals in the system, you
must complete the following steps:

Step Action
1 Set the download scrambler address.
2 Enter the calibration settings into the download scrambler.
Note: Each of these steps is detailed in the sections that follow.

Time required
The setup takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes to complete.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM, Continued

Procedure: Setting the Scrambler address
Assigning an address to the download scrambler establishes a link between the
scrambler and the HEC so that the scrambler can receive data from System
Manager.
Follow these steps to assign a unique address (1 to 254) to the download
scrambler.

Step Action
1 On the scramblers front panel, press Select.
Result: The following message appears on the scramblers LCD screen.
Select Mode ID __ __
2 Press 8, then Enter to get into Address Setup mode.
Result: Two messages appear on the scramblers LCD screen, followed
by the message below.
Address 1-254 __ __ __ (Now=xxx)
3 Press the correct front panel keys to enter the download scrambler
address.
Press Enter.
Result: You will be given the opportunity to save or cancel.
4 Press the +button to save the address and return to Status mode.
5 Go to Procedure: Entering the calibration settings.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM, Continued

Procedure: Entering the calibration settings
Follow these steps to enter the scramblers calibration settings.

Step Action
1 On the scramblers front panel, press Select.
Result: The following message appears on the scramblers LCD screen.
Select Mode ID __ __
2 Press 0, then Enter to go into Calibration mode.
Result: You are prompted to enter a password.
3 Press the 4321buttons, then press Enter.
Result: The following message appears on the scramblers LCD screen,
indicating the last calibrated parameter.
Calibration xxxx xxxx
4 Press Enter.
Press Select until SoundCarrier Lvl +Inc -Dec appears on the
scramblers LCD.
5 Press the +or - buttons to scroll to the desired setting.
6 Press Select to continue scrolling through the calibration screens.
Press the +or buttons as required to enter the desired settings as
you go.
Set the Vertical Interval Start and End as indicated in Vertical
Interval Settings in appendix B.
7 When you are finished scrolling through the calibration screens and
entering the settings, press Enter.
Result: You will be given the opportunity to save or cancel.
8 Press the +button to save the settings and return to the status screen.
9 Click Exitto return to the Main Menu. You are done with this
procedure.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM

Introduction
Once the installation of chips and SRAM is complete, you must set up the
scrambler to function in the system.
Note: This procedure supports systems System 4.5. and greater. (Refer to Setting
Up the Scrambler with a Download SRAM for information on setting up
download scramblers in systems with versions of code prior to System Release 4.5.)

Setup steps
Before the scrambler can function properly in the system, you must define and
rebuild the scrambler. Go to the procedure on the next page.
Note: A factory reset is not required if one was performed on this scrambler prior
to setting up the scrambler. You must complete Procedure: Setting the Scrambler
address and Procedure: Entering the calibration settings described earlier in
this appendix, before.

Time required
The setup takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes to complete.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM, Continued

Procedure: Defining and rebuilding the Scrambler
Follow these steps to rebuild the scrambler from System Manager. (Refer to the
System Manager 10/20 Software Users Guide, part numbers 562940 (version 4.0)
and 573884 (version 4.5), or System Manager online help for detailed instructions.)

Step Action
1 From the System Manager Main Menu, select the following:
Click Scramblers.
Click Control on the pop-up menu.
Result: The Scrambler Configuration Selection screen appears.
2 Click on the Headend Code pop-up button and select the headend where
the download scrambler is located.
Click on the Scrambler Address field and type in the address as set on
the scramblers front panel.
3 Click OK.
Result: The Scrambler Configuration screen appears.
4 Click on the Data Streampop-up button and select the appropriate data
stream.
5 Click on the Scrambler Type pop-up button and select the appropriate
scrambler type.
6 Click VBI Setup at the bottom of the screen.
Result: The Scrambler VBI Line Setup screen appears.
7 Make sure the VBI output lines are selected that are designated by your
HEC configuration (or two lines if it is a download scrambler).
Click OK to return to the Scrambler Configuration screen.
Click Save.
Result: A message indicates that the scrambler was saved.
8 Click OK to remove the message.
Click Rebuild.
Result: A message appears asking if you want to rebuild the scrambler.
9 Click Yes.
Result: A message indicates that the scrambler will be rebuilt.
10 If this is a download scrambler, go to Procedure: Load the blank SRAM
with the new code.

Setting Up the Scrambler with a Blank SRAM, Continued

Procedure: Load the blank SRAMwith the newdownload code
Follow this procedure to load the scrambler with the new HCT download code.

Step Action
1 On the HEC, access the STARTUP.CMD screen, then press Alt-Q.
2 When the C:\ HEC\ BIN prompt appears, type DLHCT and press Enter.
The HCT Code Download screen appears.
3 Use the Tab key to highlight the appropriate scrambler address and
code, then press the space bar to select it
Result: A check mark appears in the check box.
4 Press Ctrl-R to highlight the Reload Selected Scrambler button, then
press Enter. The code is copied to the new SRAM.

504081 Rev D Customer Information D-1
Appendix D
Customer Information
Overview

Introduction
This appendix contains information on obtaining product support, returning
damaged products, and sending your comments about this guide to Scientific-
Atlanta.

In this appendix

Topic See Page
Customer Support D-2
Returning Products D-3
Your Comments, Please D-6

D-2 Customer Information 504081 Rev D
Customer Support

List of telephone numbers
If you have questions about this product, contact your distributor or sales agent for
information. If further assistance is required, telephone your nearest Scientific-
Atlanta office at one of the following telephone numbers.

The Americas
United States Scientific-Atlanta Technical
Assistance Center, Atlanta,
Georgia
From within North
America 1-800-722-2009
(toll-free)
From outside North
America +1-770-903-5400
(direct)
United Kingdom and Europe
United
Kingdom
Kings Langley +44-1-923-266133
+44-1-923-271420
(Technical Assistance
Centre for Europe)

Returning Products

Procedure
To return any Scientific-Atlanta product for repair or replacement, follow the steps
in the table below. Products must have an RMA number to receive credit.

Step Action
1 Telephone or fax Scientific-Atlanta and request a return material
authorization (RMA) number.
From within the U.S. From outside the U.S.

Tel: 1-800-722-2009
Fax: 770-903-5888
To the United States
Tel: +1-770-903-5300
Fax: +1-770-903-5888
To the United Kingdom
Tel: +44-1-923-271460

2 Tag or identify the defective product and write a detailed description
of the circumstances.
Include the following information on the tag:
RMA number
Sales order
Purchase order (if available)
Date the product was received
3 Pack the product in its original container and protective packing
material.
Note: If the original container and packing material are no longer
available, pack the product in a sturdy, corrugated box and cushion it
with packing material.

Returning Products, Continued


Step Action
4 Write the following information on the outside of the container:
Your name
Complete address
Telephone number
RMA number
Problem description

Note: Absence of the RMA number may delay processing your product
for repair. Include the RMA number in all correspondence.
5 Ship the product, prepaid and insured, via your postal service to the
following address:

RMA Number ____________
Product Services
P. O. Box 6850
Norcross, GA 30091-6850
USA

Ship the product, prepaid and insured, via United Parcel Service (UPS)
or other freight carrier to the following address:
RMA Number ____________
Product Services
Norcross, GA 30093
USA

Note: Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. does not accept freight collect. Be sure to
prepay all shipments.


Your Comments, Please
Series 8656
X
Scrambler Installation and Operation Guide 504081 Rev D

Introduction
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Series 8656
x
Scrambler
Installation and Operation Guide

Index

Index

504081 Rev D Index I-1
Numerics
8600
X
HCT, 1-3, 5-4, 5-5, 6-3
audio output, 1-28
A
accessories, 1-35
address setup, 5-9
attenuator, 3-15
audio connectors, A-9
audio data status, 4-3, 4-6
audio IF
specifications, A-3
audio masking, 1-7, 5-13
board, 1-12
configuring jumpers, 1-13
connecting audio, 1-24
enabling, 3-49
calibration, 3-45
calibration equipment setup, 3-47
specifications, A-7
audio problems, 7-4
audio pulse delay, 3-14, 3-26, 3-32
audio pulse height, 3-12
audio pulse timing
specifications, A-5
audio tags, 5-7
B
back panel, 1-5
connectors, A-9
barker audio, 1-25, 3-45, 3-55
specifications, A-8
baseband video
source, 1-19
specifications, A-2
Bessell Null method, 3-51
buzz reduction, 5-11
C
cables, 1-35
calibration, 3-1, 5-4
audio masking, 3-45
audio pulse height, 3-12
barker audio, 3-55
download scrambler, C-15
entering calibration mode, 3-7
equipment, 3-5
equipment setup, 3-6
FM deviation, 3-54
LCD intensity, 2-7
problems, 7-3, 7-9
pulse delays, 3-14, 3-26, 3-32
quick reference, 3-4, 5-4
regenerated sync, 3-42
sound carrier level, 3-10
sync buzz, 3-39
vertical interval start and end, 3-36
calibration unit, 3-6
cautions, v
channel ID, 4-3, 4-7, 5-8
channel sharing, 5-12
compatibility, 1-6, 6-1
quick reference, 6-3
configuration, 2-12
connections
audio and video, A-9
audio for audio masking, 1-12, 1-24,
1-25
back panel, A-9
barker audio for audio masking, 1-
25
baseband video source, 1-19
data repeater, 1-45, A-10
headend controller, 1-3, 1-34, A-10
ISP, 1-3, 1-42, A-10
Model 6330 Television Modulator,
Index, Continued

I-2 Index 504081 Rev D
1-20
Model 6350 Television Modulator,
1-20
RS-232, A-10
stereo encoder, 1-26
terminal block, A-11
connectors, A-9
audio and video, A-9
back panel, A-9
data repeater, A-10
headend controller, A-10
ISP, A-10
RS-232, A-10
terminal block, A-11
controls, 4-2
CRC errors, 5-12
cross-pulse monitor, 3-5, 3-15
D
daisy-chaining, 1-44
data enable, 5-12
data problems, 7-5, 7-11
data repeater, 1-45
connectors, A-10
data stream, 4-3, 4-7, 5-8
defaults, 2-6, 5-14
demodulator, 3-5, 3-31
diagnostic status, 5-12, 7-13
DIFLB mode, 5-13
display speed, 5-14
download scramblers, C-1
drop field scrambling, 5-11
drop field/ random axis threshold, 5-10
drop field/ random axis timeout, 5-10
dynamic scrambling, 5-6, 5-14
dynamic screen status display, 5-14
E
Eagle encoder, 5-5, 6-4, 6-8
electrical
specifications, A-4
encoders, other manufacturers, 6-2
equipment, 3-5, 3-47, 4-10
equipment setup
audio masking calibration, 3-47
calibration, 3-56
cross-pulse monitor, 3-15
demodulator, 3-32
spectrum analyzer, 3-20
error codes, 2-5
error counters, 5-13
error messages
power-on, 2-5
F
FM deviation, 3-54
forced air ventilation, 1-10
front panel, 1-5, 4-2, 5-2
front panel display problems, 7-10
fuse, 1-9, 4-11
G
GI encoders, 5-5, 6-3
GI tier level, 4-7
H
Hamlin encoder, 5-5, 6-4
Hamlin/ Eagle encoder, 6-8
HCT code, C-6
HCTs, 1-3, 1-7, 5-4, 5-5
headend controller
connectors, A-10
humidity, A-6
Index, Continued

504081 Rev C Index I-3
I
indicators, 4-2
Information Services Processor (ISP), 1-
3, 1-42
connectors, A-10
initialize to factory settings, 5-14
installation, 1-1
download scrambler, code, C-5
headend controller, 1-34
overview, 1-1
rack, 1-9
Interactive Viewing Guide (IVG), 1-3, 1-
42
invert all, 5-5
J
Jerrold encoder, (see also GI encoders)
5-5, 6-3, 6-5
DS/ E encoder, 6-3, 6-6
kit installation, 6-18, 6-23
MVP encoder, 6-7, 6-18
MVP piggyback, 6-23
jumpers
audio masking board locations, 1-13
audio masking board settings, 1-13
changing settings, 1-13
configuration, 1-11
digital board locations, 1-16
digital board settings, 1-15
K-N
keypad, 4-2
kits
Jerrold MVP, 6-18
Jerrold MVP Piggyback, 6-23
Zenith PM, 6-32
Zenith ZVE, 6-28
LCD intensity, 2-7
LEDs, 4-2
main audio, 1-24, 3-53
maintenance, 4-11
masked audio output
specifications, A-7
MIDI mode, 5-14
Model 6330 Television Modulator, 1-20
Model 6350 Television Modulator, 1-20
Model 8656-XEU-AM Scrambler, 1-7
Model 8656-XEU-AMC Scrambler, 1-7
Model 8658 Headend Controller, 1-34
modem connection, 1-35, 1-38
O
operating modes, 5-1
quick reference, 5-4
operating temperature, A-6
operation, 4-1
oscilloscope, 3-5, 3-19, 3-31
P
passive ventilation, 1-10
Pioneer encoder, 5-7, 6-4, 6-15
pirate defeats, 5-14
Jerrold, 5-5
PLL specifications, A-4
PM encoder, 6-11
power, 1-9, 7-7, 7-12
power-on
error messages, 2-5
LCD adjustment, 2-7
power-on reset, 2-6
pre-emphasis, 3-47
problems, 7-1
audio, 7-4
calibration, 7-9
data, 7-5, 7-11
Index, Continued

I-4 Index 504081 Rev D
problems (continued)
front panel display, 7-10
power, 7-7, 7-12
video, 7-3, 7-8
pulse delays, 3-14, 3-21, 3-26, 3-32
quarterly inspections, 4-11
Q
quick reference
calibration, 3-4
compatibility 6-3
operating modes, 5-4
R
rack installation, 1-9, 1-17
RAM status, 5-13
regenerated sync, 3-42
remote headend controller, 1-38
reset
power-on, 2-6
RF deviation, 3-50, 3-51
ROM status, 5-13
RS-232
connectors, A-10
RS-485 interface
specifications, A-4
S
safety advisories, 1-8
SAM meter, 3-47
SAP buzz reduction, 5-11
Scientific-Atlanta scrambling in Zenith
mode, 5-14
scrambler
address, 2-10, 4-3, 4-9
chain, 1-44
channel ID, 4-7
code, C-6
configuration, 2-12
front panel, 4-2, 5-2
type, 4-3, 4-4, 5-9
mode, 4-3, 4-4, 5-4, 6-3
scrambling mode, 4-3, 4-4, 5-4, 6-3
dynamic, 5-6
Eagle, 5-5, 6-4
Hamlin, 5-5, 6-4
invert all, 5-5
Jerrold, 5-5, 6-3
Pioneer, 5-7, 6-4
sync inversion, 5-4
sync suppression, 5-4
TOCOM, 5-7, 6-4
video inversion, 5-4
Zenith, 5-7, 6-4
select mode, 5-2
set channel ID, 5-8
setup, 2-1
download scrambler, C-14
slow dynamic timing, 5-14
software versions, 4-10
sound carrier level, 3-10
SoundProtect, 1-7
specifications, A-2
audio IF, A-3
audio masking, A-7
audio pulse timing, A-5
barker audio output, A-8
baseband video, A-2
electrical, A-4
environmental, A-6
masked audio output, A-7
mechanical, A-6
PLL, A-4
RS-485 interface, A-4
tone output, A-8
unmasked audio output, A-8
Index, Continued

504081 Rev C Index I-5
video IF, A-2
video pulse timing, A-6
spectrum analyzer, 3-6, 3-14, 3-19
SRAM, C-2, C-5
installation, C-5
status, 5-12
status codes, 7-13
status screen, 2-4, 4-3, 4-4, 5-2
stereo encoder, 1-26
4.5 MHz output, 1-26
8600X HCT audio IF output, 1-28
audio IF output, other converters, 1-
30
BTSC output, 1-32
support, D-1
sync buzz, 3-39
reduction, 5-11
sync inversion, 5-4
sync suppression, 5-4, 5-11
with split sync, 5-11
system components, 1-4
System Manager, 2-12, 4-10, 5-1
configuration, 2-12
T-U
tag mode, 5-7
Technical Assistance Center, D-1, 7-8
technical information, A-1
technical support, D-1
television modulator, 1-20
audio masking settings, 3-47
temperature, 1-10
terminal block
connectors, A-11
terminator, 1-35
tier level, 4-7
timing mode, 5-7
timing/ level, 4-3, 4-7
TOCOM encoder 5-7, 6-4, 6-12
tone output specifications, A-8
troubleshooting, 7-1
checklist, 7-8
guide, 7-2
unmasked audio output specifications,
A-8
V-Z
variable attenuator, 3-6, 3-15
VBI data, 4-8
VBI line restrictions, B-2
ventilation, 1-10
vertical interval end, 3-38, B-3
vertical interval settings, B-3
vertical interval start, 3-37 , B-3
video
connectors, A-9
data status, 4-3, 4-8
generator, 3-20
IF specifications, A-2
inversion, 5-4
lines, 5-9
video problems, 7-3, 7-8
video pulse delay, 3-14, 3-21, 3-32
video pulse timing specifications, A-6
video source, 3-5
warnings, v
Zenith system, 5-14
Zenith encoder, 5-7, 6-4, 6-9
PM encoder, 6-4, 6-11, 6-32
ZVE encoder, 6-4, 6-10, 6-28

FCC Compliance

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct
the interference at his own expense.

Caution:
Any changes or modification to this equipment not expressly approved
by Scientific-Atlanta could void the users authority to operate this
equipment.

DOC Compliance
DOC Conformit

This (Class A) digital apparatus meets all requirements of the
Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numrique (de la classe A) respecte toutes les
exigences du Rglement sur le matriel brouilleur du Canada.

white text to force page to print

United States: Scientific-Atlanta, Inc., 4261 Communications Drive, P. O. Box
6850, Norcross, GA 30091-6850; Tel: 770-903-5000; TWX: 810-799-4912;
Telex: 0542898
Europe: Scientific-Atlanta Europe, Ltd., Home Park Estate, Kings Langley,
Herts WD4 8LZ, England; Tel: +44-1-923-266133; Fax: +44-1-923-269018
Asia-Pacific: Scientific-Atlanta (HK), Ltd., Suite 56-57, 5/F New Henry House,
10 Ice House Street, Central, Hong Kong; Tel: 852-2522-5059; Fax: 852-2522-
5624
1998 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA
Part Number 504081 Rev D May 1998

Scrambler Guide

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Series 8656

Home Communications Terminal (HCT) Addressable System

(baseband and RF)

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