Force Field Analysis

Submitted to:
Ms. Jyoti Regmi Adikari

Submitted by:
Group 11
Dixa Shrestha (13331)
Sajan Maharjan (13320)
Smriti Baniya (13301)


Organizational Change
and Leadership
Group Project I

Date: 14
th
March, 2014


Introduction to the Organization
Metropolitan Police Commissioners Office, Rani Pokhari Kathmandu was established on 01/ 08/
2003 BS as a primary law enforcement agency for Kathmandu Lalitpur and Bhaktapur district of
Kathmandu valley. It has the authority to command all the Additional Inspector General of
Office (AIGP) who reports to the Inspector General of police.
Methodology:
To collect primary data and information related with traffic condition of Kathmandu valley. We
first contacted Lalitpur district administration office. We personally met CDO of Lalitpur. He
gave us some insight about which organizations employee will provide us quality information
related with managing the traffic condition of Kathmandu valley. After collecting some practice
idea from him about traffic management problem in Patan district we then went to MPCOs
office which is located in Rani Pokhari. We were not able to contact higher level officer of the
organization but did manage to get information from traffic personal. Our group interviewed
total of 6 traffic personnel 2 from Rani Pokhari, 2 from Mangal Bazar and 2 from Gwarko. We
also used official site of MPCO for collecting secondary data.
Force Field Analysis:
Force Field Analysis is a useful technique for looking at all the forces and against a decision.
Those forces are either driving movement toward a goal (helping/pushing forces) or blocking
movement toward a goal (hindering/restraining forces). And this principle is developed by Kurt
Lewin and this principal has made a significant contribution to the field of change management.
By carrying out the analysis, we can plan to strengthen the forces supporting a decision, and
reduce the impact of opposition to it. In force field analysis, we assign a score to each force
where 1 is the weakest factor and 5 is the strongest factor.
For our project, we have-
Phenomenon: Traffic congestion in roads of Kathmandu Valley
Change goal: Well managed traffic.
On the basis of our interview with traffic officials from Rani Pokhari, Mangal Bazar and
Gwarko, various pushing and restraining forces for the above mentioned phenomenon were
identified. We have assigned score to each factor on the basis of its influence to the change.
The force field analysis carried out on the basis of above listed restraining and pushing forces is
given below:
Figure 1: Force Field Analysis




Present State
(Traffic congestion in
roads of Kathmandu
Valley
Increase in Private
vehicles

People in hurry
Unmanaged public
transportation
Footpath vendors
protested against the
rules

Legal
compliance
Less number of
accidents
Automated
traffic lights with
solar power
backups

Time saving
Ambulance and
fire brigade
easy access
Pushing Forces (Total 16)
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Motivation
for traffic
personnel
Desired State
(Well managed
traffic)
Restraining Forces (Total 15)
Pushing forces Score Restraining forces Score
Legal compliance 2 Unmanaged public transportation 4
Less number of accidents 4 Increase in use of private vehicles 3
Easy access of ambulance and fire
brigade
3
Population density in Kathmandu
valley
3
Provide technical training 3 Footpath Vendors 3
Time saving 3 Motivation for traffic personnel 3
Total 15 Total 16
Forces with scores and justification
Restraining Forces:
1. Unmanaged public transportation [4]: Public transportation system in Nepal is unmanaged.
There is proper public transport rule in Nepal but the implementation part from the government
is lacking behind .Due to this public transport like Micro taxi and bus are not following the
assigned rules and regulation properly .If the rules that have been formed is implemented then
most of the public transport will be removed from the road due to their bad condition. If there
will be entry of new vehicles in Kathmandus road then it can carry large amount of passenger
more comfortably. The owner and association of public transport are earning higher amount of
profit by not following the law. So this is one of the major restraining forces.
2. Increase in use of private vehicles [3]: The basic reason for traffic conjunction in road of
Kathmandu is due to increase in number of traffic vehicles. There is increase in number of
middle and higher middle class family in Kathmandu. They will have enough disposable income
which is encouraging them to buy personal vehicles. The public transport quality is not good so
people are compelled to buy their personnel vehicles. Banks are also providing easy vehicle loan
which encourages Kathmandu valleys people to buy their personnel vehicles.
3. Motivation for traffic personnel [3]: While interviewing some traffic personnel our group
came to know that there is minimum level of motivation attached with the job. The work traffic
personnel perform is very tuff because they have to work about 9 hr. a day in polluted
Kathmandu valleys road .Even though the intensity of their work is high the pay and reward
system is very low . Due to this traffic are hesitating to perform their best and hence there is
unmanaged traffic in Kathmandu valley.
4. Footpath Vendors [3]: Increase in number of footpath vendor in Kathmandu valley is
resulting in traffic conjunction. People from different part of Nepal come to Kathmandu valley in
search of employment. Footpath vending is one of the easy sources to earn money for unskilled
and poor people.
5. Population density in Kathmandu valley [3]: As mentioned earlier Kathmandu district is the
destination where people from different part of Nepal come in search of employment.
Kathmandu Valley provides opportunity for employment. It also provides many facilities to the
migrated people which cannot be achieved in other district of Nepal. This high population size in
Kathmandu valley result in traffic congestion problem
Pushing Forces:
1. Legal compliance [4]: Government of Nepal now has detected the growing traffic problem.
They are now being more active and have established new legal rules about brothering the roads,
having stricter license policy, strong penalty for traffic violation and removing the foot pat
vendor.
2. Less number of accidents [4]: The data suggests that if traffic on Kathmandu valley is
properly managed then it will result in less number of accident .This is the strongest force that
encourages people to have well managed traffic system.
3. Easy access of ambulance and fire brigade [3]: If there is well managed traffic system in
Nepal then ambulance and fire brigade is easily accessible .which can save peoples life if its
able to reach on time.
4. Provide technical training [3]: GON is planning to establish automated traffic light and solar
back up. In order to prepare traffic for the change GON will be providing various technical
training schemes.
5. Time saving [3]: If there is well managed traffic system in Kathmandu valley then
transportation time will be saved. This will also encourage everyone to establish well managed
traffic system.
Lewins Three-Step Change Process

Unfreezing: Unfreezing is creating the motivation to change by convincing that the present
situation is undesirable and should be changed. In this scenario, we need to motivate the
drivers of all type of vehicles: public and private that following proper rules is advantageous
to them as well as the overall vehicles running. Daily a lot of people have to suffer getting
stuck in traffic jams due to uncontrolled vehicles blocking the streets, unmanaged traffic
signals and traffic personnel. So, if we make people aware of the advantages of following
proper traffic rules, they are sure to be able to take benefit of the time that will be shortened.
So, talking to people regarding the various disadvantages of breaching traffic rules, travelling
in a hurry to reach a destination will create awareness regarding the main reason for the
traffic congestion.
Moving: In this stage, we push the behavior or practices towards change. For this, we need
to bring in the change by performing the following:
o Fines for people who are trying to obstruct normal traffic by breaking the rules by
unnecessary overtaking, running red lights, over speeding, etc
o Broadcasting the restrictions on traffic rules such as fixed bus stops for the public
transportation, automated traffic lights, etc on paper and display media.
o Creating further awareness through media campaigns, facebook, twitter, etc.
o Installing automated traffic system, CCTV camera surveillances which can be
accessed online.
o Traffic congestion research and study which can be used to further predict congestion
behavior and traffic personals allocation accordingly.
Unfreeze
Awareness regarding
the disadvantages
Motivating the
drivers
Change
Regulations by
government
Awareness regarding
rules
Refreeze
Broadcasting the
success story
Rewarding activities
Refreezing: Refreezing is ensuring that change become permanent and is not subject to
further change. In our case, we reinforce the system through communication, research data,
etc. We can conduct talk shows that talk regarding the advantages that the people are getting
with free flowing traffic. Similarly, we can further promote the new change by publishing
relevant research data taken through the CCTV cameras and making people aware regarding
how much the traffic has been controlled. Similarly the traffic personals can be provided with
gears such as glasses, masks, gloves which will help them work efficiently in different
weather conditions and traffic hours.
Recommendations:
Fixed stops for public transportation which will ensure that public transportation like buses,
micros, tempos and taxis do not stop haphazardly in the middle of the roads.
CCTV surveillance to monitor traffic congestions, and enforcing traffic officers according to
the need.
Maintaining timely public vehicles like Sajha Yatayat which will make the public vehicles
more dependable.
Educating the drivers of private and public vehicles regarding proper traffic rules, making
them aware of the fixed stop available in all locations.
Assigning the traffic officers in various areas, according to the traffic congestion patterns.
Studying traffic congestion patterns will allow predicting congestion patterns which allows
efficient control.
Promoting public transportation which will allow people with private transportation to make
use of public vehicles. This will surely improve the road congestion as there will be less
vehicles running on the roads.
Government restriction such as quantity of private vehicles per household, public vehicles
timings, public vehicle fixed stops, etc.