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CSAT: IAS PRELIM 2012: Question Paper & Solution
TEST BOOKLET
APTITUDE PAPER 2012 May 20 , 2012
Time Allowed: Two Hours Maximum Marks: 200

INSTRUCTION
1. IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE EXAMINATION, YOU SHOULD CHECK THAT
THIS BOOKLET DOES NOT HAVE ANY UNPRINTED OR TURN OR MISSING PAGES OR ITEMS ,ETC. IF SO,
GET IT REPLACED BY A COMPLETE TEST BOOKLET.
2. ENCODE CLEARLY THE TEST BOOKLET SERIES A, B, C OR D AS THE CASE MAY BE IN THE
APPROPRIATE PLACE IN THE ANSWER SHEET.
3. You have to enter your Roll Number on the Test Booklet in the Box provided
alongside. Do NOT write anything else on the Test Booklet.
4. This Test Booklet contains 80 items (Questions). Each item is printed in English. Each item comprises four responses
(answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the Answer Sheet. In case you feel that there is more
than one correct response with you consider the best. In any case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.
5. You have to mark all your responses ONLY on the separate Answer Sheet provided. See direction in the answers sheet.
6. All items carry equal marks.
7. Before you proceed to mark in the Answer sheet the response to various items in the Test booklet, you have to fill in
some particulars in the answer sheets as per instruction sent to you with your Admission Certificate.
8. After you have completed filling in all responses on the answer sheet and the examination has concluded, you should
hand over to Invigilator only the answer sheet. You are permitted to take away with you the Test Booklet.
9. Sheet for rough work are appended in the Test Booklet at the end.
10. Penalty for Wrong answers:
THERE WILL BE PENALTY FOR WRONG ANSWERS MARKED BY THE CANDIDATE EXCEPT FOR
QUESTIONS FROM 74 TO 80, WHICH DO NOT CARRY ANY PENALTY FOR WRONG ANSWER.
i. There are four alternatives for the answer to every question. For each question for which a wrong
answer has been given by the candidate, one-third (0.33) of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as
penalty.
ii. If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the given answers
happens to be correct and there will be same penalty as above to that question.
iii. If a question is left blank, i.e., no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that question.




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GENERAL STUDIES PAPER II
C
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Directions for the following 6 (six items!
Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on these passages only.
"assage#$

The poor especially in market economies, need the strengthen that collectivities offer for creating more economic,
social and political space for themselves, for enhancing their socio-economic well-being and voice, and as a
protection against free market individualism. t has been argued that a group approach to farming, especially in
the form of bottom up agricultural production collectivities, offers substantial scope for poverty alleviation and
empowering the poor as well as enhancing agricultural productivity. To reali!e this potential, however, the groups
would need to be voluntary in nature, small in si!e, participative in decision making and e"uitable in work sharing
and benefit distribution. There are many notable e#amples of such collectivities to be found in varied conte#ts,
such as in the transition economies. $ll of the bear witness to the possibility of successful cooperation under given
conditions. $nd although the gender impact of the family cooperatives in the transition economies are uncertain,
the ndian e#amples of women-only groups farming offer considerable potential for benefiting women.
1. $gricultural collectivities such as group based farming can provide the rural poor.
1. %mpowerment
2. ncreased agricultural productivity.
&. 'afeguard against e#ploitative markets.
(. 'urplus production of agricultural commodities.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1, 2, & and ( *b+ 1, 2 and & only
*c+ 2 and ( only *d+ 1, & and ( only

Ans! (%

2. ,hat does the author imply by -gender impact./
*a+ ,omen are doubtful participants in cooperatives.
*b+ 0amily cooperatives may not include women.
*c+ ,omen benefiting from group farming.
*d+ ,omen1s role in transition economies is highly restrictive.

Ans! (&

&. 2onsider the following assumptions)
1. t is imperative for transition economies to have agricultural collectivities.
2. $gricultural productivity can be increased by group approach to farming.
,ith reference to the above passage, which of these assumptions is3are valid/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 only
*c+ 4oth 1 and 2 *d+ 5either 1 nor 2

Ans! (%



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"assage '

n a typical ,estern liberal conte#t, deepening of democracy invariably leads to consolidation of 6liberal values1. n
the ndian conte#t, democrati!ation is translated into greater involvement of people not as 6individuals1 which is a
staple to liberal discourse, but as communities or groups. ndividuals are getting involved in the public sphere not
as 6optimi!ed1 individuals but as members of primordial communities drawn on religious or caste identity.
2ommunity-identity seems to be the governing force. t is not therefore surprising that the so-called peripheral
groups continue to maintain their identities with reference to the social groups *caste, religion or sect+ to which
they belong while getting involved in the political processes despite the fact that their political goals remain more
or less identical. 4y helping to articulate the political voice of the marginali!ed, democracy in ndia has led to 6a
loosening of social structures1 and empowered the peripherals to be confident of their ability to improve the
socio-economic conditions in which they are placed. This is a significant political process that had led to a silent
revolution through a meaningful transfer of power from the upper caste elites to various subaltern groups within
the democratic framework of public governance.

(. $ccording to the passage, what does -deepening of democracy. mean in the ,estern conte#t/
*a+ 2onsolidation of group and class identities.
*b+ 7emocrati!ation translated as greater involvement of people.
*c+ 7emocrati!ation as greater involvement of 6atomi!ed1 individuals in the public sphere.
*d+ 5one of the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above is correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (D

8. 9reater democrati!ation in ndia has not necessarily led to
*a+ The dilution of caste and communal identities in the public sphere.
*b+ rrelevance of community identity as a governing force in ndian politics.
*c+ :arginali!ation of elite groups in society.
*d+ Relative unimportance of hereditary identities over class identities.

Ans! (%

;. ,hat is the -silent revolution. that has occurred in the ndian democratic process/
*a+ rrelevance of caste and class hierarchies in political processes.
*b+ <oosening of social strictures in voting behavior and patterns.
*c+ 'ocial change through transfer of power from upper caste elites to subaltern groups.
*d+ $ll the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above are correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (&




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Directions for the following ( (five items!
%#amine the information given in the following paragraph and answer the items that follow)
9uest lectures on five sub=ects vi!., %conomics, >istory, 'tatistics, %nglish and :athematics have to be arranged in
a week from :onday to 0riday. ?nly one lecture can be arranged on each day. %conomics cannot be scheduled on
Tuesday. 9uest faculty for >istory is available only on Tuesday. :athematics lecture has to be scheduled
immediately after the day of %conomics lecture. %nglish lecture has to be scheduled immediately before the day of
%conomics lecture.

@. ,hich lecture is scheduled on :onday/
*a+ >istory *b+ %conomics
*c+ :athematics *d+ 'tatistics

Ans! (D

A. ,hich lecture is scheduled between 'tatistics and %nglish/
*a+ %conomics *b+ >istory
*c+ :athematics *d+ 5o lecture

Ans! (%

B. ,hich lecture is the last one in the week/
*a+ >istory *b+ %nglish
*c+ :athematics *d+ %conomics

Ans! (&

1C. ,hich lecture is scheduled on ,ednesday/
*a+ 'tatistics *b+ %conomics
*c+ %nglish *d+ >istory

Ans! (&

11. ,hich lecture is scheduled before the :athematics lecture/
*a+ %conomics *b+ >istory
*c+ 'tatistics *d+ %nglish

Ans! (A

12. Two glasses of e"ual volume are respectively half and three-fourths filled with milk. They are then filled to
the brim by adding water. Their contents are then poured into another vessel. ,hat will be the ratio of
milk to water in this vessel/
*a+ 1)& *b+ 2)&
*c+ &)2 *d+ 8)&

Ans! (D

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1&. 2onsider the following statements)
1. $ll machines consume energy.
2. %lectricity provides energy.
&. %lectrically operated machines are cheap to maintain.
(. %lectrically operated machines do not cause pollution.
,hich one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ $ll machines are run by electric energy.
*b+ There is no form of energy other than electricity.
*c+ :ost machines are operated on electric energy.
*d+ %lectrically operate machines are preferable to use.

Ans! (D

1(. %#amine the following statements)
1. 5one but the rich can afford air-travel.
2. 'ome of those who travel by air become sick.
&. 'ome of those who become sick re"uired treatment.
,hich one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ $ll the rich persons travel by air. *b+ Those who travel by air become sick.
*c+ $ll the rich persons become sick. *d+ $ll those who travel by air are rich.

Ans! (D

18. n five flats, one above the other, live five professionals. The professor has to go up to meet his $' officer
friend. The doctor is e"ually friendly to all, and has to go up as fre"uently as go down. The engineer has to
go up to meet this :<$ friend above whose flat lives the professor1s friend.
0rom the ground floor to the top floor, in what order do the five professionals live/
*a+ %ngineer, Drofessor, 7octor, $' officer, :<$
*b+ Drofessor, %ngineer, 7octor, $' officer, :<$
*c+ $' officer, %ngineer, 7octor, Drofessor, :<$
*d+ Drofessor, %ngineer, 7octor, :<$, $' officer

Ans! (D

Directions for the following is $( (fifteen items!
Read the following three passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passage only.
"assage#$
%ducation, without a doubt, has an important functional, instrumental and utilitarian dimension. This is revealed
when one asks "uestions such as 6what is the purpose of education/1. The answers, too often, are 6to ac"uire
"ualifications for employment3upward mobility1, 6wider3higher *in terms of income+ opportunities1, and 6to meet
the needs for trained human power in diverse fields for national development1. 4ut in its deepest sense education
is not instrumentalist. That is to say, it is not to be =ustified outside of itself because it leads to the ac"uisition of
formal skills or of certain desired psychological E social attributes. t must be respected in itself. %ducation is thus

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not a commodity to be ac"uired or possessed and then used, but a process of inestimable importance to
individuals and society, although it can and does have enormous use value. %ducation then, is a process of
e#pansion and conversion, not in the sense of converting or turning students into doctors or engineers, but the
widening and turning out of the mind F the creation, sustenance and development of self-critical awareness and
independence of thought. t is an inner process of moral E intellectual development.

1;. ,hat do you understand by the 6instrumentalist1 view of education/
*a+ %ducation is functional and utilitarian in its purposes.
*b+ %ducation is meant to fulfil human needs.
*c+ The purpose of education is to train the human intellect.
*d+ %ducation is meant to achieve moral development.

Ans! (A

1@. $ccording to the passage, education must be respected in itself because)
*a+ t helps to ac"uire "ualifications for employment.
*b+ t helps in upward mobility and ac"uiring social status.
*c+ t is an inner process of moral and intellectual development.
*d+ $ll the *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above are correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (&

1A. %ducation is a process in which)
*a+ 'tudents are converted into trained professionals.
*b+ ?pportunities for higher income are generated.
*c+ ndividuals develop self-critical awareness and independence of thought.
*d+ Gualifications for upward mobility are ac"uired.

Ans! (&

"assage#'

2hemical pesticides lose their role in sustainable agriculture if the pests evolve resistance. The evolution of
pesticide resistance is simply natural selection in action. t is almost certain to occur when vast numbers of a
genetically variable population are killed. ?ne or a few individuals may be unusually resistant *perhaps because
they possess an en!yme that can deto#ify the pesticide+. f the pesticide is applied repeatedly, each successive
generation of the pest will contain a larger proportion of resistant individuals. Dests typically have a high intrinsic
rate of reproduction, and so a few individuals in one generation may give rise to hundreds or thousands in the
ne#t, and resistance spreads very rapidly in a population.

This problem was often ignored in the past, even though the first case of 77T *dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane+
resistance was reported as early as 1B(;. There is e#ponential increase in the numbers of invertebrates that have
evolved resistance and in the number of pesticides against which resistance has evolved. Resistance has been
recorded in every family of arthropod pests *including dipterans such as mos"uitoes and house flies, as well as
beetles, moths, wasps, fleas, lice and mites+ as well as in weeds and plant pathogens. Take the $labama leafworm,

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a moth pest of cotton, as an e#ample. t has developed resistance in one or more regions of the world to aldrin,
77T, dieldrin, endrin, lindane and to#aphene.

f chemical pesticides brought nothing but problems, F if their use was intrinsically and acutely unsustainable F
then they would already have fallen out of widespread use. This has not happened. nstead, their rate of
production has increased rapidly. The ratio of cost to benefit for the individual agricultural producer has remained
in favour of pesticide use. n the H'$, insecticides have been estimated to benefit the agricultural products to the
tune of around I8 for every I1 spent.

:oreover, in many poorer countries, the prospect of imminent mass starvation, or of an epidemic disease, are so
frightening that the social and health costs of using pesticides have to be ignored. n general the use of pesticides
is =ustified by ob=ective measures such as 6lives saved1, 6economic efficiency of food production1 and 6total food
produced1. n these very fundamental senses, their use may be described as sustainable. n practice, sustainability
depends on continually developing new pesticides that keep at least one step ahead of the pests F pesticides that
are less persistent, biodegradable and more accurately targeted at the pests.

1B. -The evolution of pesticide resistance is natural selection in action.. ,hat does it actually imply/
*a+ t is very natural for many organisms to have pesticide resistance.
*b+ Desticide resistance among organisms is a universal phenomenon.
*c+ 'ome individuals in any given population show resistance after the application of pesticides.
*d+ 5one of the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above is correct.

Ans! (&

2C. ,ith reference to the passage, consider the following statements)
1. Hse of chemical pesticides has become imperative in all the poor countries of the world.
2. 2hemical pesticides should not have any role in sustainable agriculture.
&. ?ne pest can develop resistance to many pesticides.
,hich of the statements given above is3are correct/
*a+ 1 and 2 only *b+ & only
*c+ 1 and & only *d+ 1, 2 and &

Ans! (&

21. Though the problems associated with the use of chemical pesticides is known for a long time, their
widespread use has not waned. ,hy/
*a+ $lternatives to chemical pesticides do not e#ist at all.
*b+ 5ew pesticides are not invented at all.
*c+ Desticides are biodegradable.
*d+ 5one of the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above is correct.

Ans! (D




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22. >ow do pesticides act as agents for the selection of resistant individuals is any pest population/
1. t is possible that in a pest population the individuals will behave differently due to their genetic
makeup.
2. Dests to possess the ability to deto#ify the pesticides.
&. %volution of pesticide resistance is e"ually distributed in pest population.
,hich of the statements given above is3are correct/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 1 and 2 only
*c+ & only *d+ 1, 2 and &

Ans! (A

2&. ,hy is the use of chemical pesticides generally =ustified by giving the e#amples of poor and developing
countries/
1. 7eveloped countries can afford to do away with use of pesticides by adapting to organic farming, but
it is imperative for poor and developing countries to use chemical pesticides.
2. n poor and developing countries, the pesticide addresses the problem of epidemic diseases of crops
and eases the food problem.
&. The social and health costs of pesticide use are generally ignored in poor and developing countries.
,hich of the statements given above is3are correct/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 1 and 2 only
*c+ 2 only *d+ 1, 2 and &

Ans! (&

2(. ,hat does the passage imply/
*a+ $lternative options to chemical pesticides should be promoted.
*b+ Too much use of chemicals is not good for the ecosystem.
*c+ There is no scope for the improvement of pesticides and making their use sustainable.
*d+ 4oth the statements *a+ and *b+ above are correct.

Ans! (D

"assage ) *

Today1s developing economies use much less energy per capital than developed countries such as the Hnited
'tates did at similar incomes, showing the potential for lower-carbon growth. $daptation and mitigation need to
be integrated into a climate-smart development strategy that increases resilience, reduces the threat of further
global warming, and improves development outcomes. $daptation and mitigation measures can advance
development, and prosperity can raise incomes and foster better institutions. $ healthier population living in
better-built houses and with access to bank loans and social security is better e"uipped to deal with a changing
climate and its conse"uences. $dvancing robust, resilient development policies that promote adaptation is
needed today because changes in the climate, already begun, will increase even in the short term.
The spread of economic prosperity has always been intertwined with adaptation to changing ecological
conditions. 4ut as growth has altered the environment and as environmental change has accelerated, sustaining

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growth and adaptability demands greater capacity to understand our environment, generate new adaptive
technologies and practices, and diffuse them widely. $s economic historians have e#plained, much of humankind1s
creative potential has been directed at adapting to the changing world. 4ut adaptation cannot cope with all the
impacts related to climate change, especially as larger changes unfold in the long term.
2ountries cannot grew out of harm1s way fast enough to match the changing climate. $nd some growth strategies,
whether driven by the government or the market, can also add to vulnerability F particularly if they overe#ploit
natural resources. Hnder the 'oviet development plan, irrigated cotton cultivation e#panded in water-stressed
2entral $sia and led to the near disappearance of the $ral 'ea, threatening the livelihoods of fishermen, herders
and farmers. $nd clearing mangroves E the natural coastal buffers against storm surges E to make way for
intensive farming or housing development, increases the physical vulnerability of coastal settlements, whether in
9uinea or in <ouisiana.

28. ,hich of the following conditions of growth can add to vulnerability/
1. ,hen the growth occurs due to e#cessive e#ploitation of mineral resources and forests.
2. ,hen the growth brings about a change in humankind1s creative potential.
&. ,hen the growth is envisaged only for providing houses and social security to the people.
(. ,hen the growth occurs due to emphasis on farming only.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2, & and ( only
*c+ 1 and ( only *d+ 1, 2, & and (

Ans! (A

2;. ,hat does low-carbon growth imply in the present conte#t/
1. :ore emphasis on the use of renewable sources of energy.
2. <ess emphasis on manufacturing sector and more emphasis on agriculture sector.
&. 'witching over from monoculture practices to mi#ed farming.
(. <ess demand for goods and services.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2, & and ( only
*c+ 1 and ( only *d+ 5one of the above implies low-carbon growth

Ans! (D

2@. ,hich of the following conditions is3are necessary for sustainable economic growth/
1. 'preading of economic prosperity more.
2. Dopulari!ing3spreading of adaptive technologies widely.
&. nvesting on research in adaptation and mitigation technologies.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 and & only
*c+ 1 and & only *d+ 1, 2 and &

Ans! (%



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1C


2A. ,hich of the following inferences can be made from the passage/
1. Rainfed crops should not be cultivated in irrigated areas.
2. 0arming under water-deficient areas should not be a part of development strategy.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 only
*c+ 4oth 1 and 2 *d+ 5either 1 nor 2

Ans! (&

2B. 2onsider the following assumptions)
1. 'ustainable economic growth demands the use of creative potential of man.
2. ntensive agriculture can lead to ecological backlash.
&. 'pread of economic prosperity can adversely affect the ecology and environment.
,ith reference to the passage, which of the above assumptions is3are valid/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 and & only
*c+ 1 and & only *d+ 1, 2 and &

Ans! (D

&C. ,hich one of the following statements constitutes the central theme of this passage/
*a+ 2ountries with greater economic prosperity are better e"uipped to deal with the conse"uences of
climate change.
*b+ $daptation and mitigation should be integrated with development strategies.
*c+ Rapid economic growth should not be pursued by both developed and developing economies.
*d+ 'ome countries resort to overe#ploitation of natural resources for the sake of rapid development.

Ans! (%

Directions for the following $$ (eleven items!
Read the following three passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only.

"assage#$

nvasions of e#otic species into new geographic areas sometimes occur naturally and without human agency.
>owever, human actions have increased this trickle to a flood. >uman-caused introductions may occur either
accidentally as a conse"uence of human transport, or intentionally but illegally to serve some private purpose or
legitimately to procure some hoped-for public benefit by bringing a pest under control, producing new agricultural
products or providing novel recreational opportunities. :any introduced species are assimilated into communities
without much obvious effect. >owever, some have been responsible for dramatic changes to native species and
natural communities. 0or e#ample, the accidental introduction of the brown tree snake 4oiga irregularis into
9uam, an island in the Dacific, has through, nest predation reduced 1C endemic forest bird species to the point of
e#tinction.

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?ne of the ma=or reasons for the world1s great biodiversity is the occurrence of centers of endemism so that
similar habitats in different parts of the world are occupied by different groups of species that happen to have
evolved there. f every species naturally had access to everywhere on the globe, we might e#pect a relatively small
number of successful species to become dominant in each biome. The e#tent to which this homogeni!ation can
happen naturally is restricted by the limited powers of dispersal of most species in the face of the physical barriers
that e#ist to dispersal. 4y virtue of the transport opportunities offered by humans, these barriers have been
breached by an ever-increasing number of e#otic species. The effects of introductions have been to convert a
hugely diverse range of local community compositions into something much more homogeneous.
t would be wrong, however, to conclude that introducing species to a region will inevitably cause a decline in
species richness there. 0or e#ample, there are numerous species of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates found in
continental %urope but absent from the 4ritish sles *many because they have so far failed to recoloni!e after the
last glaciations+. Their introduction would be likely to augment 4ritish biodiversity. The significant detrimental
effect noted above arises where aggressive species provide a novel challenge to endemic biotas ill-e"uipped to
deal with them.

&1. ,ith reference to the passage, which of the following statements is correct/
*a+ ntroduction of e#otic species into new geographical areas always leads to reduced biodiversity.
*b+ %#otic species introduced by man into new areas have always greatly altered the native ecosystems.
*c+ :an is the only reason to convert a hugely diverse range of local community compositions into more
homogeneous ones.
*d+ 5one of the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ is correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (D

&2. ,hy does man introduce e#otic species into new geographical areas/
1. To breed e#otic species with local varieties.
2. To increase agricultural productivity.
&. 0or beautification and landscaping.
,hich of the above statements is3are correct/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 and & only
*c+ 1 and & only *d+ 1, 2 and 2

Ans! (%

&&. >ow is homogeni!ation prevented under natural conditions/
*a+ %volution of groups of species specific of local habitats.
*b+ Dresence of oceans and mountain ranges.
*c+ 'trong adaptation of groups of species to local physical and climatic conditions.
*d+ $ll the statement *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above are correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (%



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&(. >ow have the human beings influenced the biodiversity/
1. 4y smuggling live organisms.
2. 4y building highways.
&. 4y making ecosystems sensitive so that new species are not allowed.
(. 4y ensuring that new species do not have ma=or impact on local species.
,hich of the statements given above are correct/
*a+ 1 and 2 *b+ 2 and &
*c+ 1 and & *d+ 2 and (

Ans! (A

&8. ,hat can be the impact of invasion of e#otic species on an ecosystem/
1. %rosion of endemic species.
2. 2hange in the species composition of the community of the ecosystem.
'elect the correct answer using the codes given below)
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 only
*c+ 4oth 1 and 2 *d+ 5either 1 nor 2

Ans! (&

"assage ) '

:ost champions of democracy have been rather reticent in suggesting that democracy would itself promote
development and enhancement of social welfare F they have tended to see them as good but distinctly separate
and largely independent goals. The detractors of democracy, on the other hand, seemed to have been "uite
willing to e#press their diagnosis of what they see as serious tensions between democracy and development. The
theorists of the practical split F -:ake up your mind ) do you want democracy, or instead, do you want
development /. F often come, at least to start with, from %ast $sian countries, and their voice grew in influence
as several of these countries were immensely successful F through the 1B@Cs and 1BACs and even later F in
promoting economic growth without pursuing democracy.
To deal with these issues we have to pay particular attention to both the content of what can be called
development and to the interpretation of democracy *in particular to the respective roles of voting and of public
reasoning+. The assessment of development cannot be divorced from the lives that people can lead and the real
freedom that they en=oy. 7evelopment can scarcely be seen merely in terms of enhancement of inanimate ob=ects
of convenience, such as a rise in the 95D *or in personal incomes+, or industriali!ation F important as they may be
as means to the real ends. Their value must depend on what they do to the lives and freedom of the people
involved, which must be central to the idea of development.
f development is understood in a broader way, with a focus on human lives, then it comes immediately clear that
the relation between development and democracy has to be seen partly in terms of their constitutive connection,
rather than only through their e#ternal links. %ven though the "uestion has often been asked whether political
freedom is -conductive to development., we must not miss the crucial recognition that political liberties and

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1&


democratic rights are among the -constituent components. of development. Their relevance for development
does not have to be established indirectly through their contribution to the growth of 95D.
&;. $ccording to the passage, with is a serious tension perceived between democracy and development by the
detractors of democracy/
*a+ 7emocracy and development are distinct and separate goals.
*b+ %conomic growth can be promoted successfully without pursuing a democratic system of governance.
*c+ 5on-democratic regimes deliver economic growth faster and far more successfully than democratic
ones.
*d+ $ll the statements *a+, *b+ and *c+ given above are correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (%

&@. $ccording to the passage, what should be the ultimate assessment3aim3view of development/
*a+ Rise in the per capita income and industrial growth rates.
*b+ mprovement in the >uman 7evelopment nde# and 95D.
*c+ Rise in the savings and consumption trends.
*d+ %#tent of real freedom that citi!ens en=oy.

Ans! (D

&A. ,hat does a -constitutive. connection between democracy and development imply/
*a+ The relation between them has to be seem through e#ternal links.
*b+ Dolitical and civil rights only can lead to economic development.
*c+ Dolitical liberties and democratic rights are essential elements of development.
*d+ 5one of the statements *a+, *4+ and *c+ given above is correct in this conte#t.

Ans! (&

"assage ) *

The need for 2ompetition <aw becomes more evident when foreign direct investment *07+ is liberali!ed. The
impact of 07 is not always pro-competitive. Jery often 07 takes the form of a foreign corporation ac"uiring a
domestic enterprise or establishing a =oint venture with one. 4y making such an ac"uisition the foreign investor
may substantially lessen competition and gain a dominant position in the relevant market, thus charging higher
prices. $nother scenario is where the affiliates of two separate multinational companies *:52s+ have been
established in competition with one another in a particular developing economy, following the liberali!ation of
07. 'ubse"uently, the parent companies overseas merge. ,ith the affiliates no longer remaining independent,
competition in the host country may be virtually eliminated and the prices of the products may be artificially
inflated. :ost of these adverse conse"uences of mergers and ac"uisitions by :52s can be avoided if an effective
competition law is in place. $lso, an economy that has implemented an effective competition law is in a better
position to attract 07 than one that has not. This is not =ust because most :52s are e#pected to be accustomed
to the operation of such a law in their home countries and know how to deal with such concerns but also that
:52s e#pect competition authorities to ensure a level playing field between domestic and foreign firms.

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1(


&B. ,ith reference to the passage, consider the following statements)
1. t is desirable that the impact of 0oreign 7irect nvestment should be pro-competitive.
2. The entry of foreign investors invariably leads to the inflated prices in domestic markets.
,hich of the statements given above is3are correct3
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 only
*c+ 4oth 1 and 2 *d+ 5either 1 nor 2

Ans! (A

(C. $ccording to the passage, how does a foreign investor dominate the relevant domestic market/
1. :ultinational companies get accustomed to domestic laws.
2. 0oreign companies establish =oint ventures with domestic companies.
&. $ffiliates in a particular market3sector lose their independence as their parent companies overseas
merge.
(. 0oreign companies lower the cost of their products as compared to that of products as compared to
that of products of domestic companies.
,hich of the statements given above are correct/
*a+ 1 and 2 only *b+ 2 and & only
*c+ 1, 2 and & only *d+ 1, 2, & and (

Ans! (%

(1. ,hat is inference from this passage/
*a+ 0oreign investors and multinational companies always dominate the domestic market.
*b+ t is not in the best interests of the domestic economy to allow mergers of companies.
*c+ ,ith competition law, it is easy to ensure a level playing field between domestic and foreign firms.
*d+ 0or countries with open economy, 0oreign 7irect nvestment is essential for growth.

Ans! (&

(2. %#amine the following statements)
1. watch TJ only if am bored.
2. am never bored when have my brother1s company.
&. ,henever go to the theatre take my brother along.
,hich one of the following conclusions is valid in the conte#t of the above statement/
*a+ f am bored, watch TJ.
*b+ f am bored, seek my brother1s company.
*c+ f am not with my brother, then watch TJ.
*d+ f am not bored, do not watch TJ.

Ans! (D


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18


(&. ?nly si# roads $, 4, 2, D, G and R connect a military camp to the rest of the country. ?nly one out of $, D
and R is open at any one time. f 4 is closed, so is G. ?nly one of $ and 4 is open during storms. D is closed
during floods) n this conte#t, which one of the following statements is correct/
*a+ Hnder normal conditions only three roads are open.
*b+ 7uring storms at least one road is open.
*c+ 7uring floods only three roads are open.
*d+ 7uring calamities all roads are closed.

Ans! (%

((. %#amine the following statements)
1. 5one but students are members of the club.
2. 'ome members of the club are married persons.
&. $ll married persons are invited for dance.
,hich one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ $ll students are invited for dance.
*b+ $ll married students of the club are invited for dance.
*c+ $ll members of the club are married persons.
*d+ 5one of the above conclusions can be drawn.

Ans! (%

(8. 0our political parties ,, K, Y and L decided to set up a =oint candidate for the coming parliamentary
elections. The formula agreed by them was the acceptance of a candidate by most of the parties. 0our
aspiring candidates, $, 4, 2 and 7 approached the parties for their tickets.
$ was acceptable to , but not to L.
4 was acceptable to Y but not to K.
2 was acceptable to , and Y.
7 was acceptable to , and K.
,hen candidate 4 was preferred by , and L, candidate 2 was preferred by K and L, and candidate $ was
acceptable to K but not to YM who got the ticket/
*a+ $ *b+ 4
*c+ 2 *d+ 7

Ans! (&

(;. 2onsider the following statements)
1. $ll K-brand cares parked here are white.
2. 'ome of them have radial tyres.
&. $ll K-brand cars manufactured after 1BA; have radial tyres.
(. $ll cars are not K-brand.
,hich one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ ?nly white cars are parked here.
*b+ 'ome white K-brand cars with radial types are parked here.

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1;


*c+ 2ars other than K-brand cannot have radial tyres.
*d+ :ost of the K-brand cars are manufactured before 1BA;.

Ans! (%

(@. 2onsider the following statement)
The Third ,orld ,ar, if it ever starts, will end very "uickly with the possible end of civili!ation. t is only
the misuse of nuclear power which will trigger it.
4ased on the above statement, which one of the following inferences is correct/
*a+ 5uclear power will be used in the Third ,orld ,ar.
*b+ There will be no civili!ation left after the Third ,orld ,ar.
*c+ The growth of nuclear power will destroy civili!ation in the long run.
*d+ The Third ,orld ,ar will not take place.

Ans! (A


(A. The elements of the problem figures given below are changing with a certain rule as be observe them
from left to right)

$ccording to this rule, which of the following would be the ne#t figure if the changes were continued with
the same rule/


Ans! (D

(B. 2onsider the following information regarding the performance of a class of 1CCC students in four different
tests.

f a student scores @( marks in each of the four tests, in which one of the following tests in her
performance the best comparatively/
*a+ Test *b+ Test
*c+ Test *d+ Test J

Ans! (%


VISION IAS







8C. 'i# s"uares are coloured, front and back
and are hinged together as shown in the figure g
be the face opposite the white face/

*a+ R
*c+ 4

Ans! (&

81.

n the above figure, circle D represents hardworking people, circle G represents hardworking peopl
R represents truthful people, and circle ' represents honest people. ,hich region represents the people
who are intelligent, honest and truthful but not hardworking/
*a+ ;
*c+ A

Ans! (A


82. Three views of a cube following a particular motion are given below)

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1@
'i# s"uares are coloured, front and back red *R+, blue *4+, yellow *Y+, green *9+, white *,+ and orange *?+
and are hinged together as shown in the figure given below. f they are folded to form a cube, what would
be the face opposite the white face/
*b+ 9
*d+ ?

above figure, circle D represents hardworking people, circle G represents hardworking peopl
R represents truthful people, and circle ' represents honest people. ,hich region represents the people
who are intelligent, honest and truthful but not hardworking/
*b+ @
*d+ 11
llowing a particular motion are given below)



red *R+, blue *4+, yellow *Y+, green *9+, white *,+ and orange *?+
iven below. f they are folded to form a cube, what would
above figure, circle D represents hardworking people, circle G represents hardworking people, circle
R represents truthful people, and circle ' represents honest people. ,hich region represents the people

VISION IAS


,hat is the letter opposite to $/
*a+ >
*c+ 4

Ans! (A

8&.

,hich one of the figures shown below occupies the blank space */+ in the matri# given above/

Ans! (D

8(. 2onsider the following statements)
1. $ll artists are whimsical.
2. 'ome artists are drug addicts.
&. 0rustrated people are prone to become drug addicts.
0rom the above three statements it may be concluded that
*a+ $rtists are frustrated.
*b+ 'ome drugs addicts are whimsical.
*c+ $ll frustrated people are drug addicts.
*d+ ,himsical people are generally frustrated.

Ans! (%




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1A
,hat is the letter opposite to $/
*b+ D
*d+ :

,hich one of the figures shown below occupies the blank space */+ in the matri# given above/
2onsider the following statements)
$ll artists are whimsical.
'ome artists are drug addicts.
0rustrated people are prone to become drug addicts.
0rom the above three statements it may be concluded that

s are whimsical.
*c+ $ll frustrated people are drug addicts.
*d+ ,himsical people are generally frustrated.


,hich one of the figures shown below occupies the blank space */+ in the matri# given above/

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1B


88. %#amine the following statements)
1. %ither $ and 4 are of the same age or $ is older than 4.
2. %ither 2 and 7 are of the same age or 7 is older than 2.
&. 4 is older than 2.
,hich one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ $ is older than 4 *b+ 4 and 7 are of the same age
*c+ 7 is older than 2 *d+ $ is older than 2
Ans! (D

8;. %#amine the following statements)
1. ?nly those who have a pair of binoculars can become the members of the birdwatcher1s club.
2. 'ome members of the birdwatcher1s club have cameras.
&. Those members who have cameras can take part in photo-contests.
,hich of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements/
*a+ $ll those who have a pair of binoculars are members of the birdwatcher1s club.
*b+ $ll members of the birdwatcher1s club have a pair of binoculars.
*c+ $ll those who take part in photo-contests are members of the birdwatcher1s club.
*d+ 5o conclusion can be drawn.
Ans! (%

8@. 7uring the last summer vacation, $nkit went to a summer camp where he took part in hiking, swimming
and boating, This summer, he is looking forward to a music camp where he hopes to sing, dance and learn
to play the guitar.
4ased on the above information, four conclusions, as given below, have been made. ,hich one of these
logically follows from the information given above/
*a+ $nkit1s parents want him to play the guitar.
*b+ $nkir prefers music to outdoor activities.
*c+ $nkit goes to some type of camp every summer.
*d+ $nkit likes to sing and dance.
Ans! (D

8A. Three persons $, 4 and 2 wore shirts of black, blue and orange colours *not necessarily in that order+ and
pants of green, yellow and orange colours *not necessarily in that order+. 5ot person wore shirt and pants
of the some colour. 0urther, it is given that
1. $ did not wear shirt of black colour.
2. 4 did not wear shirt of blue colour.
&. 2 did not wear pants of green colour.
(. $ did not wear pants of green colour.
8. 4 wore pants of orange colour.
,hat were the colours of the pants and shirt worn by 2, respectively/
*a+ ?range and black *b+ 9reen and blue
*c+ Yellow and blue *d+ Yellow and black

Ans! (%

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2C



8B. Ten new TJ shows started in Nanuary F 8 sitcons, 2 drama and 2 news maga!ines. 4y $pril, only seven of
the new shows were still on, five of them being sitcoms.
4ased on the above information, four conclusions, as given below, have been made. ,hich one of these
logically follows from the information given above/
*a+ ?nly one news maga!ine show is still on.
*b+ ?nly one of the drama shows is still on.
*c+ $t least one discontinued show was a drama.
*d+ Jiewers prefer sitcoms over drama.

Ans! (&

;C. Read the passge given below and the two statements that follow *given on the basis of the passage+)
0our men are waiting at 7elhi airport for a :umbai flight. Two are doctors and the other two are
businessmen. Two speak 9u=arati and two speak Tamil. 5o two of the same profession speak the same
language. Two are :uslims and two are 2hristians. 5o two of the same religion are of the same
profession, nor do they speak the same language, nor do they speak the same language. The Tamil-
speaking doctor is 2hristian.
1. The 2hristian-businessman speaks 9u=arati.
2. The 9u=arati-speaking doctor is a :uslim.
,hich of the above statements is3are correct conclusion3conclusions/
*a+ 1 only *b+ 2 only
*c+ 4oth 1 and 2 *d+ 5either 1 nor 2

Ans! (&

;1. 2onsider the following statement)
-Though "uite e#pensive, television is not a lu#ury item, as one can learn many things through television..
,hich one of the following is a valid inference from the above statement/
*a+ $ll e#pensive things are regarded as lu#ury.
*b+ $ll essential things for learning are not lu#ury.
*c+ Television is essential for learning.
*d+ Television is not a lu#ury item.

Ans! (A

;2. :r. Oumar drives to work at an average speed of (A km per hour. The time taken to cover the first ;CP of
the distance is 1C minutes more than the time take to cover the remaining distance. >ow far is his office/
*a+ &C km *b+ (C km
*c+ (8 km *d+ (A km

Ans! (%



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;&. 9ita is prettier than 'ita but not as pretty as Rita. Then,
*a+ 'ita is not as pretty as 9ita. *b+ 'ita is prettier than Rita.
*c+ Rita is not as pretty as 9ita. *d+ 9ita is prettier than Rita.

Ans! (A

;(. 9iven that,
1. $ is the brother of 4.
2. 2 is the father of $.
&. 7 is the brother of %.
(. % is the daughter of 4.
Then, the uncle of 7 is
*a+ $ *b+ 4
*c+ 2 *d+ %
Ans! (A

;8. %#amine the following statements)
1. Rama score more than Rani.
2. Rani scored less than Ratna
&. Ratna scored more than Rama.
(. Dadma scored more than Rama but less than Ratna.
,ho scored the highest/
*a+ Rama *b+ Dadma
*c+ Rani *d+ Ratna
Ans! (D

Directions for the following + (eight items!
The following eight items *"uestions ;; to @& + are based on three passages in %nglish to test the comprehension
of %nglish language and therefore these items do not have >indi version. Read each passage and answer the items
that follow.
"assage ) $
0or fourteen and a half months lived in my little cell or room in the 7ehradun =ail, and began to feel as if was
almost a part of it. was familiar with every bit of it, knew every mark and dent on the whitewashed walls and on
the uneven floor and the ceiling with its moth-eaten rafters. n the little yard outside greeted little tufts of grass
and odd bits of stone as old friends. was not alone in my cell, for several colonies of wasp and hornets lived
there, and many li!ards found a home behind the rafters, emerging in the evenings in search of prey.
;;. ,hich of the following e#plains best the sentence in the passage - was almost a part of it./
*a+ was not alone in the cell.
*b+ was familiar with every bit of the cell.
*c+ greeted little tufts of grass like old friends.
*d+ felt "uite at home in the cell.
Ans! (D


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22


;@. The passage attempts to describe
*a+ The general conditions of the country1s =ails.
*b+ The prisoner1s capacity of notice the minute details his surroundings.
*c+ The prisoner1s conscious efforts to overcome the loneliness.
*d+ The prisoner1s ability to live happily with other creatures.

Ans! (&

;A. The author of the passage seems to suggest that
*a+ t is possible to ad=ust oneself to uncongenial surroundings.
*b+ The conditions in ndian prisons are not bad.
*c+ t is not difficult to spend one1s time in a prison.
*d+ There is a need to improve the conditions in our =ails.

Ans! (A

"assage ) '
,e started pitching the highest camp that has ever been made. %verything took five times as long as it would have
taken in a place where there was enough air to breatheM but at last we got the tent up, and when we crawled in, it
was not too bad. There was only a light wind, and inside it was not too cold for us to take off our gloves. $t night
most climbers take off their bootsM but prefer to keep them on. >illary, on the other hand, took his off and laid
them ne#t to his sleeping bag.

;B. ,hat does the e#pression -pitching the highest camp. imply/
*a+ They reached the summit of the highest mountain in the world.
*b+ Those who climbed that far earlier did not pitch any camp.
*c+ 'o far nobody has ever climbed that high.
*d+ They were too many climbers and needed to pitch a big camp.

Ans! (%

@C. They took a long time to finish the work because
*a+ They were very tired. *b+ There was not enough air to breathe.
*c+ t was very cold. *d+ t was very dark.

Ans! (%

@1. ,hen they crawled into the tent)
*a+ They took off their gloves because it was not very cold.
*b+ They could not take off their gloves because it was very old.
*c+ They took off their gloves thought it was very cold.
*d+ They did not take off their gloves thought it was not cold.

Ans! (A

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2&



"assage ) *

$ local man, staying on the top floor of an old wooden house, was awakened at midnight by a fire. <osing his way
in a smoke-filled passage, he missed the stairway and went into another room. >e picked up a bundle to protect
his face from the fire and immediately fell though the floor below where he managed to escape through a clear
doorway. The -bundle. proved to be the baby of the :ayor1s wife. The -hero. was congratulated by all.

@2. The man into another room because
*a+ >e did not know where e#actly the stairway was.
*b+ The passage was full of smoke.
*c+ >e was e#tremely nervous.
*d+ >e stumbled on a bundle.

Ans! (A

@&. The man was called a hero because he
*a+ %#pressed his willingness to risk his life to save others.
*b+ :anaged to escape from the fire.
*c+ 'howed great courage in fighting the fire.
*d+ 'ave a file.

Ans! (D

Directions for the following , (seven items!
9iven below are seven items. %ach item describes a situation and is followed by four possible responses. ndicate
the response you find most appropriate. 2hoose only one response for each item. The responses will be evaluated
based on the level of appropriateness for the given situation.

"lease attempt all the items. -here is no penalt. for wrong answers for these seven items.

@(. You have differences of opinion regarding the final report prepared by your subordinate that is to be
submitted urgently. The subordinate is =ustifying the information given in the report. You wouldQ
*a+ 2onvince the subordinate that he is wrong.
*b+ Tell him to reconsider the results.
*c+ Revise the resort on your own.
*d+ Tell him not to =ustify the mistake.

Ans! (%





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2(


@8. You are competing with your batch-mate for a prestigious award to be decided based on an oral
presentation. Ten minutes are allowed for each presentation. You have been asked by the committee to
finish on time. Your friend, however, is allowed more than the stipulated time period. You wouldQ
*a+ <odge a complaint to the chairperson against the discrimination.
*b+ 5ot listen to any =ustification from the committee.
*c+ $sk for withdrawal of your name.
*d+ Drotest and leave the place.

Ans! (A


























@;. You are handling a time bound pro=ect. 7uring the pro=ect review meeting, you find that the pro=ect is
likely to get delayed due to lack of cooperation of the team members. You wouldQQ
*a+ ,arn the team members for their non-cooperation
*b+ <ook into reasons for non-cooperation.
*c+ $sk for the replacement of team members.
*d+ $sk for e#tension of time citing reasons.

Ans! (%


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28






@@. You are the chairperson of a state sports committee. You have received a complaint and later it was found
that an athlete in the =unior age category who has won a medal has crossed the age criteria by 8 days. You
wouldQQ
*a+ $sk the screening committee for a clarification.
*b+ $sk the athlete to return the medal.
*c+ $sk the athlete to get an affidavit from the court declaring his3her age.
*d+ $sk the members of the sports committee for their views.

Ans! (%


@A. You are handling a priority pro=ect and have been meeting all the deadlines and are therefore planning
your leave during the pro=ect. Your immediate boss does not grant your leave citing the urgency of the
pro=ect. You wouldQ.
*a+ Droceed on leave without waiting for the sanction.
*b+ Dretend to be sick and take leave.
*c+ $pproach higher authority to reconsider the leave application.
*d+ Tell the boss that it is not =ustified.

Ans! (D


@B. You are involved in setting up a water supply pro=ect in a remote area. 0ull recovery of cost is impossible in
any case. The income levels in the area are low and 28P of the population is below poverty line *4D<+.
,hen a decision has to be taken pricing you wouldQQ.
*a+ Recommend that the supply of water be free of charge in all respects.
*b+ Recommend that the users pay a one time fi#ed sum for the installation of taps and the usage of water
be free.
*c+ Recommend that a fi#ed monthly charge be levied only on the non-4D< families and for 4D< families
water should be free.
*d+ Recommend that the users pay a charge based on the consumption of water with differentiated
charges for non-4D< and 4D< families.

Ans! (D







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2;


AC. $s a citi!en you have some work with a government department. The official calls you again and againM
and without directly asking you, sends out feelers for a bribe. You want to get your work done. You
wouldQ.
*a+ 9ive a bribe.
*b+ 4ehave as if you have not understood the feelers and persists with your application.
*c+ 9o to the higher officer for help verbally complaining about feelers.
*d+ 'end in a formal complaint.

Ans! (%


/xpected &0toff $+( (12) ( 2 344
5h.6
1. 2omparatively harder Guestions in 9' as well as 2'$T in 2C12
2. :ore seats in this year



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