Ion Daniel-Eduard Grupa E-122

Gaius Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar was a political leader and military roman and one of the most influential
and controversial personalities in history. His role was crucial in dictatorship of Rome, liquidation of
democracy and the establishment of Roman Empire. He caused wars of conquest without the
consent of the Roman Senate. The conquest of Gaul, planned by Caesar , included under roman rule
territories to the Atlantic Ocean. In the year 55 BC Caesar launched the first roman invasion of Great
Britain.
Caesar emerged victorious in a civil war, becoming dictator of the roman world, and initiated an
extensive action to reform the roman society and its government. He proclaimed himself dictator for
life and he centralized the state government weakened by the civil war started by Caesar.
Caesar was born in Rome, in a patrician family. According to legend, Caesar's birth was possible
by caesarean section , but highly unlikely, because at that time such an incision was performed only
on women dead. Caesar grew up in a modest home in an ancient building in the suburbs of middle-
class neighborhood of Rome. Caesar's family was not wealthy by the standards of the roman nobility.
People's assembly elected Caesar in 69 BC, at the age of thirty years, in the position of
Quaestor, as set out in cursus honorum, and was assigned randomly to a quaestorship in Hispania.
His internship administrative and financial official in Hispania was generally uneventful and says that
in that period occurred the famous encounter with a statue of Alexander the Great. People say that
he stopped and started to cry at the Temple of Hercules in Gades. When he was asked why he had
such a reaction, he simply replied: "You think I am devoid of reasons to cry, when I think at my age
Alexander has conquered so many nations, and I have not done anything memorable in this time ? ".
Magistrate position was the next step in the cursus honorum. Caesar was all borrowed, at the
time, to the brink of bankruptcy, but he has increased his irreversible popularity among the common
people. Games organized by him were spectacular and construction projects he proposed were
ambitious. In an event organized in honor of his father, Caesar revealed 320 pairs of gladiators in
silver armor, which cost very much.
The success in the dignity of Caesar's mayor was very helpful to his election as Pontifex
Maximus (high priest). The position means occupying of a new house - Domus Publica (public house)
- and involves responsibility for all religious duties.
His debut as Pontifex was marked, however, by a scandal. Following the death of his wife,
Cornelia, Caesar was married with Pompeia.
Caesar's death also marked, ironically, the end of the Roman republic, republic for the good of
whom he had been killed. Middle and lower classes, in which Caesar was so popular even before
victory in Gaul, were angry that a small group of aristocrats had killed their hero.