GCTS Catalog

1
GCTS 2010 CATALOG

Table of Contents

About Us .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Vision ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Mission Statement ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Corporate Commitments ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3
About the Principals .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Company Products & Services .................................................................................................................................................................. 4

Rock Testing Systems ........................................................................................................... 5
Digital Point Load Testing System (PLT-100) ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Digital Point Load Testing System (PLT-110) ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Digital Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-100) ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Servo-Controlled Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-200) .......................................................................................................................... 9
Servo-Controlled Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-300) ........................................................................................................................ 10
Uniaxial Testing System (UCT-1000) ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Rapid Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTR-1000) ................................................................................................................................... 12
Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTX-1000) .............................................................................................................................................. 13
Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTX-1500) .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Hydraulic Fracture Test System (HFRTC-100) ....................................................................................................................................... 15

Rock Testing Components .................................................................................................. 16
Rock Deformation Device (DEF-5000) .................................................................................................................................................... 17
Indirect Tension (Brazilian) Apparatus for Rocks (RIT-B) ....................................................................................................................... 18
Compression Frames (FRM4-1000) ........................................................................................................................................................ 19
Pressure Intensifier System (HPVC-070) ................................................................................................................................................ 20
Pressure Intensifier System (HPVC-140) ................................................................................................................................................ 21
Air/Oil Pressure Booster (HPC-070) ........................................................................................................................................................ 22
High Pressure Triaxial Cell (HTRX-020) ................................................................................................................................................. 23
High Pressure Triaxial Cell (HTRX-070L) ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Heavy Duty Laboratory Coring Machine (RCD-200) ............................................................................................................................... 28
Pressure Controlled Coring Machine (RCD-250) .................................................................................................................................... 29
Specimen Grinder (RSG-200) ................................................................................................................................................................. 30
Specimen Flatness Gage (RFG-100) ...................................................................................................................................................... 31

Soil Testing Systems ........................................................................................................... 32
Servo Controlled Consolidation Apparatus (CRS-10) ............................................................................................................................. 33
Direct Shear Testing System for Soils (SDS-100) ................................................................................................................................... 34
Direct Shear Testing System for Soils and Asphalts (SDS-150) ............................................................................................................. 35
Servo-Controlled Simple Shear Testing System (SSH-100) ................................................................................................................... 36
Dynamic Hollow Cylinder Testing System (HCA-100) ............................................................................................................................ 37
Poly-Axial Test System (SPAX-2000) ..................................................................................................................................................... 38
Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System (MRT-300) .................................................................................................................... 39
Resonant Column/ Torsional Shear Testing System (TSH-100 & TSH-200) .......................................................................................... 40
Pneumatic Soil Triaxial Testing System (STX-050) ................................................................................................................................ 41
Cyclic / Stress-Path Soil Triaxial System (STX) ...................................................................................................................................... 42
Frozen Soil Triaxial System (FSTX-100) ................................................................................................................................................. 43
Unsaturated Soil Triaxial Testing System (USTX-2000) ......................................................................................................................... 44
Soil-Water Characteristic Cell (SWC-150) .............................................................................................................................................. 45

2

Soil Testing Components .................................................................................................... 46
Load Frame (FRM-10P) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Load Frame (FRM-100) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Soil Axial Deformation Device (DEF-6100) ............................................................................................................................................. 49
Soil Circumferential Deformation Device (DEF-SRCP) ........................................................................................................................... 50
Large-Scale Deformation Device (DEF-S1600) ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Soil Triaxial Cell (TRX) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 52
Unsaturated Soils Triaxial Double Cell (TRX-2C) ................................................................................................................................... 53
Large-Scale Soil Triaxial Cell (TRX-600) ................................................................................................................................................ 54
Controlled Gradient Consolidation Apparatus (TRX-CRX) ...................................................................................................................... 55
Diffused Air Flushing Device (DAF-200) ................................................................................................................................................. 56
Volume Change Device (VCD-400) ........................................................................................................................................................ 57
Pressure Control Panel (PCP-200) ......................................................................................................................................................... 58
Pressure Panel & Pressure Volume Controller (PCP-2000 & PVC-100 Series) ..................................................................................... 59
Fredlund Thermal Conductivity Sensor (FTC-100) ................................................................................................................................. 60

Asphalt, Concrete & Other Construction Materials .......................................................... 61
Servo-Pneumatic Asphalt Testing System (ATM-010)............................................................................................................................62

Servo-Hydraulic Asphalt Testing System (ATM-025) ..............................................................................................................................63

Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System (MRT-300)....................................................................................................................64

Stand-Alone Beam Flexural Fatigue Apparatus (BFF-5) ........................................................................................................................65

Servo-Controlled Superpave Gyratory Compactor (GRC-20) ................................................................................................................. 66
Deformation Sensor Holder (IDT-DEF) ................................................................................................................................................... 67
Asphalt Coring Machine (ACD-150) ........................................................................................................................................................ 68
Specimen Lab Saw (RLS-100) ................................................................................................................................................................ 69
Dynamic Loading System (DLS-050) ...................................................................................................................................................... 70
Pull Out Test for Skin Friction and Rock Anchor Pullout Test (PFT-060) ................................................................................................ 71
Universal Testing Machine (UTM) ........................................................................................................................................................... 72

Testing Accessories ............................................................................................................ 73
LVDT Calibration Device (DCD-025) ....................................................................................................................................................... 74
Temperature Control System (TCS-100) ................................................................................................................................................ 75
Ultrasonic Velocity Test System (ULT-100) ............................................................................................................................................ 76
P & S Ultrasonic Sensors (ULT-SNR) ..................................................................................................................................................... 77
Seismic Down-Hole Testing System (SRV-100) ..................................................................................................................................... 78
Hydraulic Power Supply with Smart Controller (HPS) ............................................................................................................................. 79

Software & Electronics ........................................................................................................ 80
Advanced Computer Aided Testing Software (CATS-ADV) .................................................................................................................... 81
Direct Shear Software Module (CATS-DSH) ........................................................................................................................................... 82
Resilient Modulus Software (TRX-MRT) ................................................................................................................................................. 83
Soil Triaxial Software Module (CATS-TRX-SOIL) ................................................................................................................................... 84
Rock Triaxial Software Module (CATS-TRX-ROCK) ............................................................................................................................... 85
Resonant Column/Torsional Shear Module (CATS-RC) ......................................................................................................................... 86
Point Load Test Software (PntLoad) ....................................................................................................................................................... 87
Digital Signal Input and Control Unit (SCON-300) .................................................................................................................................. 88
Universal Digital Signal Conditioning and Control Unit (SCON-1500) .................................................................................................... 89
Universal Digital Signal Conditioning and Control Unit (SCON-2000) .................................................................................................... 90
Digital Servo Control Upgrade ................................................................................................................................................................. 91

Products Not Featured in this Catalog.... ........................................................................... 92
3

About Us

GCTS is a manufacturing company that provides solutions to research and productive activities through engineering, manufacturing
and installation of specialized systems
A GCTS system performs at the highest levels of reliability, providing efficient systems that satisfy customer needs and expectations
We reach our corporative goals supported through our highly qualified professional team, excellent information systems and
infrastructure that allows satisfying the demands of our clients.

Vision

We are a company with international prestige that manufactures high tech equipment.
Our products and services provide a high added value that satisfies the necessities and expectations of our clients in any
market.
Our Company reaches new levels of competitive success in which to obtain benefit to our shareholders, our employees, our
clients, and the communities in which we operate.
GCTS activities include Integral relationships with:
o End users (universities, research centers and engineering companies)
o Technological partners, suppliers and sub-contractors.

Mission Statement

GCTS mission is to advance the state of the practice in materials testing while simplifying the equipment operation

Corporate Commitments

Quality Policy
o The satisfaction of our clients and the continuous improvement are the reasons of being of our company

Policy of Ethics
o We are an institution with:
Integrity.
Honest and responsible people.

Commitments With Our Professional Team
o We have highly qualified professionals stimulated by their development and enterprising potential.

Continuous Improvement And Permanent Innovation
o We continuously innovate and develop through research activities to design diverse equipment for new applications
that respond to the current and future market requirements
4
About the Principals

J. MANUEL PADILLAis the president of the company. He more than 20 years of experience in designing, fabricating, assembling, and
setting up soil and rock testing systems. He has traveled the globe in setting up testing systems and training new clients to use them at
more than 100 locations. As a Ph.D. in geotechnical engineering, he understands not only instrumentation and testing procedures, but
also the application of the test results to engineering problems. In addition to being familiar with all the hardware components, including
the signal conditioning and other electronics, he is also expert in software development and application. He is the primary creator of the
software package used to drive the GCTS systems.

WILLIAMN. HOUSTONis a senior consultant to the company. He has 40 years of teaching, research, and consulting experience (17
years at UC Berkeley and 23 years at Arizona State University) and is a registered professional civil engineer. His teaching and research
have included a major component of laboratory experimental work and, as a university professor; he has taught thousands of students
how to use soil testing equipment. His consulting work has ranged broadly across geotechnical engineering from soil testing laboratory
design and set-up to soil property determination to slope stability, earthquake engineering, and unsaturated soil behavior. His experience
qualifies him to judge not only the precision with which properties can be measured with soil testing apparatus but also the precision that
is needed for application to engineering problems.

SANDRA L. HOUSTONis a consultant to the company. She has 20 years of teaching, research, and consulting experience and is a
registered professional civil engineer. Her teaching and research have emphasis in numerical methods and computer applications. She
has taught hundreds of students how to develop and use software packages for geotechnical engineering applications. Her research and
consulting have also involved unsaturated soil problems, especially fluid flow and collapsing soil behavior.

Company Products & Services

Geotechnical Consulting and Testing Systems, LLC provides selection and design of laboratory and in-situ testing apparatus and
software ranging from modification and adaptation of existing apparatus to the purchase of new closed-loop computer-controlled
systems. The company manufactures a full line of computer-controlled testing systems with electro-mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic
loaders. Each system comes with a versatile software package which provides test control, data acquisition, data reduction, and
graphing in one easy to learn Graphical User Interface. Testing capabilities include static and dynamic loading of soil, rock, and other
construction materials. Advanced testing capabilities include hollow cylinder, simple shear, and poly-axial systems with optional
upgrades for testing unsaturated soils. Dynamic tests include liquefaction, modulus, damping, resilient modulus, and ultrasonic velocity
measurements. Other laboratory tests are also possible through the use of a general purpose multiple function generator and data
acquisition that allows the user to design his/her own test procedures.

The primary service of the company is testing system design and integration. The testing experience and background of the staff enable
us to ensure that a testing system not only works at its final destination but can also be made to generate meaningful data. Among
GCTS personnel and consultants are specialized engineers and technicians with a vast experience in instrumentation, electronics,
mechanics, manufacturing and other testing equipment related fields. The company has a fully equipped machine shop.

5

Rock Testing Systems

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Digital Point Load Testing System (PLT-100)

100 kN (22 kips) load capacity; larger capacities
available
Compact, light design (< 15 kg )
Output display in SI or English units
Digital output with 10 N (or 1 pound) resolution
Automatic specimen size gauging
Dual signal outputs to a computer or data recorder
Software for fast and automatic testing
Increases test production and minimizes
operational errors
110/220 VAC and 12 VDC operation
Optional ultrasonic velocity point load platens
Platens and frames are available to perform
Uniaxial, Brazilian, Hardness, and Ultrasonic tests

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Point Load Tester is an apparatus made of high-
strength anodized-aluminum that incorporates digital technology
to increase precision and ease of use while reducing its size and
weight. The introduction of a pressure sensor to measure load
provides a better accuracy at any load level eliminating the
imprecision of traditional pressure gauges at low load ranges.

The system has a digital display that continuously monitors
applied load. An optional second display provides specimen size
in mm (or inches). The maximum load is automatically stored and
easily obtainable by pressing a button.

An advanced option for this system is the ultrasonic platens for
the measurement of P-wave velocity. The P-wave velocity is a
more rational method and gives a better correlation to strength
than the point load index. The major advantage of the ultrasonic
velocity option is that, as with the point load test, it does not
require expensive specimen preparation. The P-wave velocity is
measured during the point load test.

Other options include: platens, triaxial cells, and frames for
performing uniaxial and triaxial tests on small specimens. These
options include software that captures the complete stress-strain
curve and automatically calculates strength parameters.

SPECIFICATIONS

Power: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 VDC or 120-240 VAC
(external)
Max. Daylight Opening: . . . . . Vertical125 mm
. . . . . . Horizontal100 mm
Load Capacity: . . . . . . . . . . . .100 kN
Stroke: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 mm

SHIPPING

Standard Weight: . . . . . . . . . . 27 kg (60 lbs)
Standard Volume: . . . . . . . . . . 63 cm x 49 cm x 35 cm
. . . . . . . . . . (25 x 19.5 x 13.8
7

Digital Point Load Testing System (PLT-110)

100 kN (22 kips) load capacity; larger capacities
available
Compact, light design (< 14 kg.)
Output display in SI units
Digital output with 10 N (or 1 pound) resolution
Automatic specimen size gauging option
Dual signal outputs to a computer or data recorder
Software for fast and automatic testing
Increases test production and minimizes
operational errors
Internal battery operation
Optional ultrasonic velocity point load platens
Platens and cells are available to perform Triaxial,
Uniaxial and Brazilian tests

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Point Load Tester is an apparatus made of high-
strength anodized-aluminum that incorporates digital technology
to increase precision and ease of use while reducing its size and
weight. The introduction of a pressure sensor to measure load
provides a better
accuracy at any load level eliminating the imprecision of
traditional pressure gauges at low load ranges.

The system has a digital display that continuously monitors
applied load. The maximum load is automatically stored and
easily obtainable by pressing a button.

Other options include: platens, triaxial cells, and frames for
performing uniaxial and triaxial tests on small specimens. These
options include software that captures the complete stress-strain
curve and automatically calculates strength parameters.

SPECIFICATIONS

Display: . . . . . . . . . . . . . Full 4-digit display calibrated in SI units
(kN). Includes 40-segement bar graph around the display in % full
scale

Electrical: . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 V C-size lithium battery.

Max. Daylight Opening: . . Vertical125 mm
. . . Horizontal100 mm
Load Capacity: . . . . . . . . . 100 kN
Stroke: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 mm

SHIPPING

Standard Weight: . . . . . . 26 kg (57 lbs)
Standard Volume: . . . . . .81 cm x 51 cm x 32 cm
. . . . . . (32 x 20 x 12.5)

8

Digital Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-100)

Manual control of double acting (push/pull) 100 kN
(10 ton) shear load actuator with 25 mm stroke &
50 kN (5 ton) normal load capacity with 25 mm
stroke
Normal load stiff reaction frame mounted on sliding
bearings to minimize horizontal friction while
keeping the normal load vertical throughout the full
shear displacement
150 mm (6") inside diameter sample rings for
specimens up to 150 mm high
Precise Digital Display with Peak Value Memory
A/D Automatic Data Acquisition with USB interface
Windows 98/NT/2000/XP software for automatic
data logging and reporting of direct shear tests
with real time graphical display of test progress
Economically priced

Multy Stage Direct Shear Test
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Shear Displcement, mm
S
t
r
e
s
s
, M
P
a
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
D
is
p
la
c
e
m
e
n
t
, m
m
Shear Stress,
Normal Stress,
Normal Displacement

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Direct Shear System for Testing Rocks is a simple
and inexpensive device for testing a wide range of rock
specimen configurations. Cylindrical cores, cubes, prisms, and
rock fragments can be used to determine the shear strength.

This system features electronic sensors and digital displays to
monitor the loads and deformations. A standard A/D automatic
data acquisition with USB interface is included with the system
to automatically log and reduces the test data. The included
software program accepts inputs from the shear and normal
load sensors, the shear deformation, and up to four normal
deformation sensors (the software calculates automatically the
average normal deformation).

Two air/oil booster pumps operating from 800 kPa (100 psi)
compressed air allow the user to easily set and maintain the
normal load and the shear displacement rate. Pressure sensors
are used to monitor the loads but load cells are also offered as
an option. The shear pump includes a 4-way valve to easily
reverse the loading direction. The air/oil booster pumps, digital
displays, and all the control valves are set on an easy-to-use
front panel housed in a metal cabinet.

Specimens are cured within removable specimen rings and then
drop inside the shear box allowing the preparation of multiple
specimens using additional rings increasing test production.

GCTS also offers a fully computer-controlled servo-hydraulic
direct shear machine (see RDS-200)

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS for full specifications

SHIPPING

Volume: . . . . . . . . . 1.4 m3
Weight: . . . . . . . . . . 600 kg
9

Servo-Controlled Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-200)

Closed loop servo control of double acting
(push/pull) 100 kN (10 ton) shear load actuator
with 25 mm stroke and 50 kN (5 ton) normal load
capacity with 25 mm stroke
Normal load stiff reaction frame mounted on
sliding bearings to minimize horizontal friction
while keeping the normal load vertical throughout
the full shear displacement
150 mm (6") inside diameter sample rings for
specimens up to 150 mm high
Software for automatic performance of direct
shear tests with constant normal stress or normal
stiffness
Real time graphical display of test progress.
Other load capacities and specimen size
dimensions are available, including large-scale
test systems for shear loads of up to 1,000 kN
(100 ton) and specimen sizes up to 300 mm
diameter or side

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Rock Direct Shear System is a simple and
inexpensive device for testing a wide range of rock specimen
configurations. Cylindrical cores, cubes, prisms, and rock
fragments can be used to determine the shear strength. This
system features electro-hydraulic closed-loop digital servo control
of the shear and normal loads for test automation. The included
software program accepts inputs from the normal load sensor and
up to four normal deformation sensors (the software calculates
automatically the average normal deformation). Loads or
deformations for both the shear and normal actuators can be
prescribed for automatically performing advanced tests such as
the Constant or Calculated Normal Stiffness Direct Shear Test.
Specimens are cured within removable specimen rings and then
dropped inside the shear box allowing the preparation of multiple
specimens using additional rings increasing test production.
Also available, as an alternative, is an economical Digital Direct
Shear system driven with manual pumps.

SHIPPING

Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 m3
Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,100 kg
10

Servo-Controlled Rock Direct Shear System (RDS-300)

Closed loop servo control of double acting
(push/pull) 300 kN (30 ton) shear load actuator
with 50 mm stroke and 300 kN (30 ton) normal
load capacity with 100 mm stroke
Includes adjustable locking mechanism to prevent
rotation of the top box in any one direction, two
directions, or none (fixed so that no shear plane
rotations are allowed)
Accepts 150 mm (6") diameter samples & 100 x
100 mm cubical specimens up to 150 mm high
stiffness
Capable of performing unconfined or triaxial tests
with optional hardware
Other load capacities and specimen size
dimensions are available, including large-scale
test systems for shear loads of up to 1,000 kN
(100 ton) and specimen sizes up to 300 mm
diameter or side
DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Direct Shear System for Testing Rocks is a versatile
device for testing a wide range of rock specimen configurations.
Cylindrical cores, cubes, prisms, and rock fragments can be used
to determine the shear strength.

This system features electro-hydraulic closed-loop digital servo
control of the shear and normal loads for test automation. The
included software program accepts inputs from the normal load
sensor and up to three normal deformation sensors (the software
calculates automatically the average normal deformation). Loads
or deformations for both the shear and normal actuators can be
set to automatically perform advanced tests such as the Constant
or Calculated Normal Stiffness Direct Shear Test.

This system can be provided with an optional triaxial cell,
unconfined loading platens, indirect tension (Brazilian) platens,
etc. to perform most of the laboratory mechanical tests required
for rocks.
SPECIFICATIONS See RDS-300 brochure.
11

Uniaxial Testing System (UCT-1000)

Compression and Tension loading system with
electro-hydraulic closed-loop digital servo control
Static and Dynamic loading capabilities
Adjustable cross-head design
Accepts GCTS High Pressure triaxial cell & other
testing components
Ideal for performing unconfined compression,
bending, indirect tension, fracture, creep, and
other material tests
Available systems with load capacities up to 4,500
kN (1,000 kips) and stiffness up to 4,300 kN/mm
(25x10
6
lbs/inch)
Economical turn-key systems built to customer
specifications

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Uniaxial Testing Systems include our state-of-the-art
SCON-1500 Digital Signal Conditioning & Servo Controller CATS
software. The system is capable of performing static and
dynamic closed-loop load, deformation, strain or any other
measured or calculated parameter. Automatic bump-less or
smooth control transfer can be programmed at any test stage.
The true 32-bit Windows XP Software allows sending directly your
test data to any computer connected to your local network.
Using a Windows network system in your lab facilitates the
transferring of your test data directly into other Windows
programs such as Word or Excel for report generation as well as
to easily backup your important test results

SPECIFICATIONS

Compression load capacity 1,000 kN
Tension load capacity .... 800 kN
Stiffness 700 kN/mm
Stroke 100 mm
Distance between columns 400 mm
Distance between platens .. 600 mm

SHIPPING

Weight 1,700 kg
Dimensions (meters) 1.2W x 2D x 2H
12

Rapid Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTR-1000)

GCTS High Pressure Triaxial cell with hydraulic
lift/lock for rapid, easy and safe operation
Ideal for production test facilities
Load capacities up to 1,500 kN (340 kips) &
stiffness up to 10,000 kN/mm (50x106 lbs/inch)
Larger load capacities available upon request
Closed-loop digital servo control
Integrated confining & pore pressure panel with
dual intensifiers
Pressures up to 140 MPa (20 ksi)
24 electrical feed thru lines (6 connectors) for
internal instrumentation such as load cells,
LVDTs, thermocouples, ultrasonic velocity, &
acoustic emission sensors
specifications

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Rapid Triaxial Systems are typically operated with our
new digital servo control and data acquisition package that
includes Windows (98/2000/NT/XP) testing software and digital
signal conditioning system.

An Automatic hydraulic lift and a sliding base for the triaxial cell
are included with this system for fast and easy specimen setup.
Fast assembly/disassembly of the cell is achieved with the push
of a single button. No bolts or other fasteners are used to
assemble the triaxial cell, resulting in more time dedicated to
testing.

SPECIFICATIONS

See RTR-1000 Brochure
13

Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTX-1000)

1,000 kN (225 kip) axial load and 70 MPa (10,000
psi) confining pressure capacity
Direct closed-loop digital servo control of axial
stress, axial strain, radial strain, and several other
calculated triaxial variables
GCTS High Pressure Triaxial cell with internal
instrumentation to measure local axial & radial
strains
triaxial, bending, indirect tension, fracture, creep,
post failure behavior, & other compression tests
Available options: High stiffness loading frame,
platens with ultrasonic transducers, high
temperature control subsystem, and upgrades for
axial loads up 4,500 kN and confining pressures
up to 210 MPa.
Economical "turn-key" systems built to customer
specifications.

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Triaxial Rock Testing Systems are manufactured
according to your design specifications (load capacity and system
stiffness, sample size, confining and pore pressures, internal
instrumentation, temperature testing, and ultrasonic velocity
measurements). The top cross head height can be adjusted to
accommodate a wide variety of test specimens and triaxial cells.
The RTX-1000 meets the specifications of the International
Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) for triaxial testing of rock
samples.

The system is capable of performing static and dynamic closed-
loop strain or stress controlled as well as post failure behavior
tests. Included with this system is our true 32-bit Windows XP
Software. It allows sending directly your test data to any
computer connected to your local network. Our new software
includes a database system to keep track of all the data
generated at your lab with any of our testing systems. Using a
Windows network system in your lab facilitates the transferring of
your test data directly into other Windows programs such as Word
or Excel for report generation as well as to easily backup your
important test results

The Graphical User Interface with context-sensitive on-line help
and intuitive color windows helps minimize learning time and
enables laboratory personnel to conduct more complex, but
realistic, testing programs at substantially lower operating cost
and also with minimal operator error. The system manages all
the instrumentation and continuously monitors sensor outputs to
accurately account for uplift pressures acting on the loading
piston, area changes, deformation and volume change sensors
setup and re-positioning, etc.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
14

Triaxial Rock Testing System (RTX-1500)

Direct closed-loop digital servo control of axial
stress, average principle stress, axial strain,
radial strain, and several other calculated
triaxial variables
1,500 kN Load capacities and 1,750 kN/mm
stiffness.
GCTS High Pressure Triaxial cell with internal
instrumentation to measure local axial & radial
strains
140 MPa servo-controlled pressure intensifier
system for cell and pore pressure.
Available options: axial & circumferential
deformation measurement system, platens with
ultrasonic transducers, and high temperature
control subsystem.
triaxial, bending, indirect tension, fracture,
creep, post failure behavior, & other
compression tests
Economical "turn-key" systems built to
customer specifications.
Optional automatic hydraulic lift for triaxial cell
and roller assembly for fast & easy specimen
setup

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Triaxial Rock Testing Systems are manufactured according
to your design specifications (load capacity and system stiffness,
sample size, confining and pore pressures, internal instrumentation,
temperature testing, and ultrasonic velocity measurements). The
top cross head height can be adjusted to accommodate a wide
variety of test specimens and triaxial cells. The RTR-1500 meets
the specifications of the International Society for Rock Mechanics
(ISRM) for triaxial testing of rock samples.

The system is capable of performing static and dynamic closed-loop
strain or stress controlled as well as post failure behavior tests.
Included with this system is our true 32-bit Windows XP Software. It
allows sending directly your test data to any computer connected to
your local network. Our new software includes a database system
to keep track of all the data generated at your lab with any of our
testing systems. Using a Windows network system in your lab
facilitates the transferring of your test data directly into other
Windows programs such as Word or Excel for report generation as
well as to easily backup your important test results

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS.
SHIPPING

Weight 3,200 kg
Volume 7.2 m
15

Hydraulic Fracture Test System (HFRTC-100)

Axial Load
Fluid
Injection
Rock
Specimen

Capable of performing static and dynamic triaxial
tests as well as hydraulic fracture, Well bore
stability, and rock permeability
1,100 kN (250 kip) stiff (1750 kN/mm) four-
column frame with servo-controlled hydraulic
actuator (100mm stroke)
RTX-100 stainless steel triaxial cell for NX
specimens (10,000 psi confining pressure
capacity)
Air/oil pressure booster with pressure transducer
for static control of cell or backpressure up to 70
MPa (10,000 psi)
Servo-controlled pressure intensifier capable of
static and dynamic control of fluid injection
pressures up to 70 MPa (10,000 psi)
May also be used for confining or backpressure
Heating system for testing at temperatures up to
230 C (550 F)
Optional internal acoustic emission sensor

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Hydraulic Fracture Test System is capable of
performing not only basic static and dynamic triaxial tests, but
also hydraulic fracture, Well bore stability, and permeability tests.
This versatile system is very easy to operate because of the
Graphical User Interface (GUI) software.

The features listed below are for our base system. We also have
systems for larger loads and higher pressures. Frame stiffness
and specimen size options are also available. Other options
include replacement of the manual air/oil booster with a servo-
controlled intensifier, and upgrades to our dual-piston intensifier
for tests, which require relatively large fluid flows without pressure
spikes.

SPECIFICATIONS

Axial load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 kN
Confining & pore fluid pressure . . . . . . 70 MPa
Intensifier volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 cc

SHIPPING

Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600 kg
Dimensions (meters) . . . . . . . Crate 11W x 2.0D x 2H
. . . . . . . . Crate 21W x 1.5D x 2H
16

Rock Testing Components

17

Rock Deformation Device (DEF-5000)

Available sizes for specimen diameter from 25 mm
to 150 mm (optional sizes available)
Measures axial and lateral strain directly on the
test specimen
Two axial sensors & one circumferential sensor
Uses LVDT's for ease of operation
Models for up to 200 MPa pressure and up to
150 C temperature testing
Very easy to set up and use

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Rock Deformation Device measures axial and lateral
strain directly on the specimen providing accurate results. The
device consists of an upper and lower support ring machined with
a low weight, high strength design. The rings include spring-
loaded set screws to allow for specimen expansion during
loading. A set of perforated rods with pre-set lengths is included
to position the axial rings at pre-defined gage lengths without
difficulty.

The circumferential device is built with small, high precision rollers
and stiff linkages for high accuracy strain measurements. Thumb
screws are also provided to easily null the LVDT sensors.
The GCTS Rock Deformation Device is available in standard
sizes and also in custom sizes and is available with LVDT ranges
from 2 to 10 mm.

This device can be used within our high-pressure triaxial cell and
also used for elevated or cold temperature testing. Elastic
constants such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio can be
determined as well as inelastic strains that occur after sample
failure (post failure analysis). Direct servo control of axial or
radial strains can be performed with this device.

SPECIFICATIONS

Model . . . . . . . . . . . . Specimen Size . . . . LVDT Range
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Diameter in mm) . . . . . (mm)
DEF-5100 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 55 . . . . . . . . . . . 5
DEF-5200 . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 to 75 . . . . . . . . . . . 5
DEF-5300 . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 to 100 . . . . . . . . . 10

For High Pressure append the letter A and for high temperature
add the letter T to the model number (i.e. DEF-5100AT).

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 kg
Dimensions (meters): . . . . . . 0.3W x 0.3D x 0.3H
18

Indirect Tension (Brazilian) Apparatus for Rocks (RIT-B)

Available sizes for specimen diameter from 50 mm
to 150 mm (Note that ISRM recommends that the
diameter shall not be less than NX core 54-mm
diameter).
Made of hardened stainless steel.
Can be used with GCTS unconfined, triaxial and
point load tester frames.
Very easy to set up and use.

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS IDT-B Rock Apparatus is used for determining indirect
tensile strength by the Brazil test according to the International
Society for Rock Mechanics standard.

The device consists of an upper and lower support ring machined
with a low weight, high strength design. The Indirect Tension
Apparatus is available in standard sizes and also in custom sizes.

SPECIFICATIONS

Standard apparatus includes:

Loading jaws for testing 54-mm (NX) diameter and
27-mm thick samples by the Brazil test). Top and
bottom jaws 30 mm wide with 39-mm radius and
guide pins to allow rotation of one jaw relative to
the other. Top jaw includes spherical seating with
HRC 45 hardness.
Half ball bearing. Spherical platen formed by a 25-
mm half ball bearing.
Meets ISRM suggested method for Determining
Tensile Strength by the Brazil measures axial and
lateral strain directly on the specimen providing
accurate results.

NOTE: Requires suitable compression frame
19

Compression Frames (FRM4-1000)

Compression frames for testing rocks, concrete,
and other construction materials
Pre-stressed four-column and adjustable cross-
head design
Load capacities up to 4,500 kN (1,000 kips) and
stiffness up to 4,300 kN/mm (25x10
6
lbs/inch)
Accepts GCTS High Pressure triaxial cell & other
testing components
Available integrated hydraulic lift for triaxial cell for
easy setup
triaxial, bending, indirect tension, fracture, creep,
and other compression tests
specifications

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Compression Frames are typically operated with our
Digital Servo Control software and hardware package that
includes the electro-hydraulic power unit, servo valve, sensors,
computer interface, and testing software.

Available with these frames is an automatic hydraulic lift for
triaxial cell and roller assembly for fast and easy specimen setup.
This option is recommended with GCTS high-pressure triaxial
cells.

These frames can also use an economical air/oil pressure booster
instead of the electro-hydraulic power unit for long term
compression tests like the creep test.

SPECIFICATIONS

For Typical Systems (FRM4-1000-5)

Axial load capacity (static) . . . . . 1,000 kN
Axial load capacity (dynamic) . . . 800 kN
Stiffness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700 kN/mm
Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 mm
Servo valve capacity . . . . . . . . . 19 l/min
Distance between columns . . . . 400 mm
Distance between platens . . . . . 600 mm

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600 kg
Dimensions (meters) . . . . . . 1W x 2D x 2H
20

Pressure Intensifier System (HPVC-070)

PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER
SERVO VALVE
LVDT
TO
TRIAXIAL
CELL
HIGH PRESSURE SIDE (70 MPa)
LOW PRESSURE SIDE (14 MPa)

Closed-loop digital servo control of pressure or flow
(volume) with bump-less transfer
70 MPa (10,000 psi) pressure range
500 cc stroke capacity
Stainless-steel construction
Can be used as a volume change measurement
device for triaxial and permeability testing
Larger pressure and volume stroke capacities
also available

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Pressure Intensifiers are ideal for the servo control of the cell
pressure in triaxial tests, head pressure in permeability tests, or fluid
pressure in hydro-fracture tests. This intensifier can also be used to
measure flow in permeability tests and volume change in triaxial
tests while applying prescribed pressures. Together with GCTS
digital servo controller and the triaxial software, it allows the
performance of more advanced tests such as stress/strain path.

The HPVC-070 is mounted in a metal cabinet on casters to house
the confining pressure/volume servo controlled intensifier, fluid
reservoir, sight level gage, and venturi vacuum pump. All valves are
mounted on the front panel for easy intensifier operation and filling
or draining the cell.

GCTS makes a dual piston intensifier model for tests where
continuous flow is required and pressure spikes cannot be tolerated.
These models include two intensifiers and two servo valves together
with the necessary check valves, plumbing, and special control
software for automatic operation. Also available, as an alternative,
is an economical air/oil pressure booster. These units operate with
700 kPa (100 psi) air pressure input for a 70 MPa (10,000 psi)
output. GCTS pressure boosters offer a low cost, trouble free
operation and are ideal for use in creep and sustained loading in
long term tests.

SPECIFICATIONS

Pressure control precision: .0.1 MPa (15 psi)
Pressure transducer resolution: 0.02 MPa
Volume transducer resolution: 0.01 cc.
Pressure test gauge accuracy: 0.25%.
Fluid media compatibility: oil and water (consult GCTS for other)
Fluid reservoir capacity: 19 liter (5 gallon)
Required pressure input: 21 MPa (3,000 psi)

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 kg.
21

Pressure Intensifier System (HPVC-140)

HPVC-140C (left) &HPVC-140P (right)

280 or 560 cc stroke capacity
Closed-loop digital servo control of pressure or
flow with bumpless transfer
Can be used as a volume change measurement
device for triaxial and permeability testing
4,000 cc fluid reservoir with pressure/vacuum/
vent port for easy filling and draining triaxial cell
and intensifier
Metal cabinet mounted on casters to house the
confining pressure/volume servo controlled
intensifier, fluid reservoir, and panel
Dual piston model available for continuous, non-
pulsating flow
Larger pressure and volume stroke capacities also
available

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Pressure Intensifiers are ideal for the control of the cell
pressure in triaxial tests, head pressure in permeability tests, or
fluid pressure in hydro-fracture tests. This intensifier can also be
used to measure flow in permeability tests and volume change in
triaxial tests while applying prescribed pressures. Together with
GCTS digital servo controller and the triaxial software, it allows
the performance of more advanced tests such as stress/strain
path. These units include a 4,000 cc reservoir, reservoir level and
fluid flow indicators, analogue pressure gage, and necessary
valves to simplify all operations. All these components are
housed within a metal cabinet with casters.

GCTS makes a dual piston intensifier model for tests where
continuous flow is required and pressure spikes cannot be
tolerated. These models include two intensifiers and two servo
valves together with the necessary check valves, plumbing, and
special control software for automatic operation.

Also available, as an alternative, is an economical air/oil pressure
booster. These units operate with 700 kPa (100 psi) air pressure
input for a 140 MPa (20,000 psi) output. GCTS pressure
boosters offer a low cost, trouble free operation and are ideal for
use in creep and sustained loading in long term tests.

SPECIFICATIONS

HPVC-140C . . . . . . 560 cc (Confining Pressure)
HPVC-140P . . . . . . 280 cc (Pore Pressure)

Contact GCTS

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 kg.

PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER
SERVO VALVE
LVDT
TO
TRIAXIAL
CELL
HIGH PRESSURE SIDE (70 MPa)
LOW PRESSURE SIDE (14 MPa)

Air/Oil Pressure Booster (HPC-070)

Easy to use
Air operated
Compatible with almost any type of fluid
service
Ideal for confining or back (pore) pressure
application to triaxial cell
Low acquisition cost and low operating
cost
Systems available for pressures up to 210
MPa

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Air/Oil Pressure Boosters are very easy to
operate and provide an economical alternative to servo-
controlled pressure intensifiers. Air source from a 3 to 5
H.P. air compressor is sufficient to drive these pumps.

The GCTS Air/Oil Pressure Boosters are enclosed in a
table-top metal cabinet and include pressure panel, 19-
litter (5 gallon) fluid reservoir with pressure/vacuum/
vent port and venturi vacuum pump for easy filling and
draining pressure cell, sight level gage, pressure gauge,
input and output pressure regulators, high pressure
valves, and a 3-meter flexible hose.

SPECIFICATIONS

Pressure control precision: 1 MPa (150 psi)
Pressure test gauge accuracy: 0.25%
Maximum Flow Rate: 0.3 liter/minute
Fluid compatibility: water and oil (consult
GCTS for other)
Fluid reservoir capacity: 19 liter (5 gallon)
Required input: 700 kPa (100 psi) air
pressure

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 kg.

22
23

High Pressure Triaxial Cell (HTRX-020)

20 MPa (3,000 psi) pressure & 400 kN (90 kips)
axial load capacity
Stainless steel construction
Accepts samples with a diameter from 25 mm to
75 mm and with a length of 2 times the diameter
Upper platen provided with a spherical seat to
compensate for non-parallel specimen ends
Top & bottom pore pressure plumbing provided for
effective stress and permeability measurements
Electrical feed-through connectors for GCTS axial
and circumferential deformation measurement
devices, ultrasonic sensors, and other special
transducers

AVAILABLE OPTIONS:
Axial and circumferential deformation
measurement system
Platens with ultrasonic transducers for P- & S-
wave velocity measurements
High & low temperature control subsystem for
testing at -30 to 150 C

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS High Pressure Triaxial Cell was designed for testing
75 mm (3 inch) rock specimens with lengths of up to 160 mm at
confining pressures of up to 20 MPa and axial loads of up to
400 kN. Other specimen diameters can also be tested with the
use of optional platens.

The 150 mm inside diameter of the cell wall and the electrical
feed-through connectors installed at the cell base allow the use of
in-vessel instrumentation for precise measurements of
deformation modulus and Poissons ratio. The standard
specimen platens have O-ring grooves for sealing the specimen
jacket and an upper spherical seat to minimize stress
concentrations due to non-parallel specimen ends. Pore fluid
lines and ports for both, upper and lower platens, are also
standard for effective stress and permeability measurements.

Cell and pore fluid connectors are provided at the cell base for
easy interface with either the GCTS computer servo- controlled
pressure intensifier or the GCTS air/oil pressure booster system.
A loading piston with spherical seating is also provided with this
triaxial cell.
24


70 MPa (10,000 psi) pressure & 1,000 kN (225
kips) axial load capacity
Higher pressures up to 210 MPa (30,000 psi)
available
Hardened stainless steel construction
63.5 mm and with a length of 2 times the diameter
compensate for non-parallel specimen ends
Top & bottom pore pressure plumbing provided for
effective stress and permeability measurements
devices, ultrasonic sensors, and other special
transducers

AVAILABLE OPTIONS:
measurement system
Platens with ultrasonic transducers for P- & S-
wave velocity measurements
High temperature control subsystem for testing at
up to 150 C

DESCRIPTION

75 mm (3 inch) rock specimens with lengths of up to 127 mm at
confining pressures of up to 70 MPa and axial loads of up to
1,000 kN. Other specimen diameters can also be tested with the
use of optional platens.


A loading piston with spherical seating is also provided with this
triaxial cell.
25

High Pressure Triaxial Cell (HTRX-070L)

70 MPa (10,000 psi) pressure & 1,000 kN
(225 kips) axial load capacity
Higher pressures available up to 210 MPa
(30,000 psi)
Hardened Stainless steel construction
Accepts samples with a diameter from 25 mm
to 100 mm and with a length of 2 times the
diameter
compensate for specimens with non-parallel
ends
Top & bottom pore pressure plumbing provided
for effective stress and permeability
measurements
Electrical feedthrough connectors for GCTS
axial and circumferential deformation
measurement devices, ultrasonic sensors, &
other special transducers
Available options:
measurement system
Platens with ultrasonic transducers for
P- & S-wave velocity measurements
High temperature control subsystem for testing
at up to 150 C

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS High Pressure Triaxial Cell was designed for
testing rock specimens with diameters up to 100 mm (4 inch)
and 200 mm (8 inch) lengths at confining pressures of up to
70 MPa and axial loads of up to 1,000 kN. Other specimen
diameters can also be tested with the use of optional platens.

feed-through connectors installed at the cell base allow the
use of in-vessel instrumentation for precise measurements of
specimen platens have O-ring grooves for sealing the
specimen jacket and an upper spherical seat to minimize
stress concentrations due to non-parallel specimen ends.
Pore fluid lines and ports for both, upper and lower platens,
are also standard for effective stress and permeability
measurements.

easy interface with either the GCTS computer servo-
controlled pressure intensifier or the GCTS air/oil pressure
booster system. A loading piston with spherical seating is also
provided with this triaxial cell.

The standard cell includes 5 electrical feed-through connectors with
4 lines each (20 electrical lines total) to connect a variety of internal
sensors such as deformation gages, P & S wave velocity
transducers, acoustic emission sensors, etc.

The optional high temperature control subsystem includes an
internal thermocouple to measure the specimen temperature as well
as a wall thermocouple to provide precise cascade temperature
control and avoid temperature overshoots. In addition a high
strength insulation plate is provided in order to eliminate
temperature gradients inside the specimen by eliminating fast heat
losses through the cell base and to the loading frame.

GCTS also manufactures other rock triaxial cells for higher
pressures and/or loads. Contact GCTS for information on other
high pressure triaxial cells.

SPECIFICATIONS

Cell Height: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 mm
Cell Width: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 mm
26


HTRX-140 with temperature control option (heaters inside cell wall) & ultrasonic platens

140 MPa (20,000 psi) pressure and 2.5 MN
(560 kips) axial load capacity. Higher pressures
available.
63.5 mm and with a length of 2 times the diameter.
Platens for NX (54 mm) diameter specimens come
standard with this cell.
compensate for specimens with non-parallel ends.
Top and bottom pore pressure plumbing provided
measurements.
devices or other special transducers.
Available options: Axial and circumferential
ultrasonic transducers for P and S wave velocity
measurements, and high temperature control
subsystem for testing at up to 200 C

DESCRIPTION

(NX size 54mm diameter) rock specimens with lengths of up to
120 mm at confining pressures of up to 140 MPa and axial loads
of up to 2,500 kN. Other specimen diameters can also be tested
with the use of optional platens.

deformation modulus and Poissons ratio. The standard NX


A loading piston with a spherical seating is also provided with this
triaxial cell.

SPECIFICATIONS

Inside Diameter: . . . . . . . . . . .150-mm (6 inch)
Overall Outside Diameter: . . . 420-mm (16.5 inch)
Overall Height: . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 mm (20.5 inch)


200 MPa (29,000 psi) pressure and 2.5 MN
(560 kips) axial load capacity. Higher pressures
available.
63.5 mm and with a length of 2 times the diameter.
Platens for NX (54 mm) diameter specimens come
standard with this cell.
compensate for specimens with non-parallel ends.
Top and bottom pore pressure plumbing provided
measurements.
devices or other special transducers.
Available options: Axial and circumferential
ultrasonic transducers for P and S wave velocity
measurements, and high temperature control
subsystem for testing at up to 200 C
DESCRIPTION

The 150 mm inside diameter of the cell wall and the electrical feed-
through connectors installed at the cell base allow the use of in-vessel
instrumentation for precise measurements of deformation modulus and
Poissons ratio. The standard NX specimen platens have O-ring grooves
for sealing the specimen jacket and an upper spherical seat to minimize
stress concentrations due to non-parallel specimen ends. Pore fluid lines
and ports for both, upper and lower platens, are also standard for
effective stress and permeability measurements.

Cell and pore fluid connectors are provided at the cell base for easy
interface with either the GCTS computer servo- controlled pressure
intensifier or the GCTS air/oil pressure booster system.

A loading piston with a spherical seating is also provided with this triaxial
cell.

The high temperature option includes a thermocouple port, heaters
embedded into cell wall, insulation base plate, and insulation jacket. The
insulation base plate is very important to eliminate temperature gradients
within the specimen.

SPECIFICATIONS

Inside Diameter: . . . . . . . . . . .150-mm (6 inch)
Overall Outside Diameter: . . . 420-mm (16.5 inch)
Overall Height: . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 mm (20.5 inch)
27
28

Heavy Duty Laboratory Coring Machine (RCD-200)

150 to 1500 rpm spindle speed
2 HP Motor
Automatic down-feed mechanism with 170-mm
travel
Stiff frame for true cylindrical, ridge-free samples
with automatic down-feed
Built in sample holder
Wide variety of coring barrels to choose from

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Laboratory Coring Machine is capable of achieving a
large range of spindle speeds to provide optimum performance
when preparing test specimens, regardless of the properties of
the material being sampled. All accessories are included (water
swivel, drip pan, sample holder, and custom specified core
barrels). Optional force/stroke control is available to optimize
feeding rates for superior performance when coring material,
which is not homogeneous.

SPECIFICATIONS

2 HP electric motor with adjustable spindle speeds from 150
through 1500 rpm. Automatic down-feed mechanism with 170-
mm travel. Radial and angular adjustments to drill at different
locations, water swivel, drip pan, vise table to hold prismatic rock
samples, and motor head assembly vertical adjustment. Order
diamond core bits separately.

OPERATION

230 volts (other voltages available at no additional cost. Please
specify when ordering)
50-60 Hertz
3-phase

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,480 kg.
Dimensions (meters): . . . . . . . 1.0W x 1.5D x 2.0H

STANDARD DIAMOND BITS

Model No. Designation mm inch

DCB-EX . . . . . . . . .EX . . . . . 21.5 . . . . 0.845
DCB-AX . . . . . . . . .AX . . . . . 30.1 . . . . 1.185
DCB-BX . . . . . . . . .BX . . . . . 42.0 . . . . 1.654
DCB-NX . . . . . . . . .NX . . . . . 54.7 . . . . 2.154
DCB-HQ . . . . . . . . .HQ . . . . .63.5 . . . . 2.500
DCB-HX . . . . . . . . .HX . . . . . 76.2 . . . . 3.000
DCB-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 . . . 4.000
DCB-150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.0 . . . 6.000

29

Pressure Controlled Coring Machine (RCD-250)

1.5 HP electric motor with 12 adjustable spindle
speeds from 150 through 4,200 rpm
Drilling rate controlled by both pressure and speed
and automatic down-feed mechanism with 250-
mm travel
Rigid Multi-Column drill support frame to eliminate
ridges on specimen
Includes quick-latch specimen holder for coring
100 mm (4 in.) specimens from 150 mm (6 in.)
compacted samples
Wide variety of Coring Barrels to choose from

STANDARD DIAMOND BITS

Model No. Designation mm inch

DCB-EX . . . . . . . . .EX . . . . . 21.5 . . . . 0.845
DCB-AX . . . . . . . . .AX . . . . . 30.1 . . . . 1.185
DCB-BX . . . . . . . . .BX . . . . . 42.0 . . . . 1.654
DCB-NX . . . . . . . . .NX . . . . . 54.7 . . . . 2.154
DCB-HQ . . . . . . . . HQ . . . . . 63.5 . . . . 2.500
DCB-HX . . . . . . . . HX . . . . . .76.2 . . . . 3.000
DCB-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 . . . 4.000
DCB-150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.0 . . . 6.000
Rock Sample

DESCRIPTION

swivel, drip pan, sample holder. Other standard or custom
barrels are also available.

The main feature that sets this coring machine above any other is
the force/stroke control to optimize feeding rates for superior
performance when coring material, which is not homogeneous.

SPECIFICATIONS

1.5 HP electric motor with 12 adjustable spindle speeds from 150
through 4,200 rpm. Drilling rate controlled by both pressure and
speed eliminating the tendency for non-homogeneous rocks to
move. 250-mm travel. Specimens up to 250 mm long. Rigid
Multi-Column drill support frame to eliminate ridges on specimen.
Comes with your choice of cylindrical specimen holder for coring
specimens from 150 mm (6 inch) compacted samples or vise
table to hold prismatic rock samples. Hydraulic pump, water
swivel, drip pan, vise table, and motor head assembly also
included. Order diamond core bits separately.

OPERATION

220 volts
50-60 Hertz Single phase

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 kg.

30

Specimen Grinder (RSG-200)

Fast grinder with a single-pass full specimen
coverage to make core loading faces parallel
and flat according to ASTM and ISRM
specifications.
Includes Diamond grinding cup-wheel.
Custom made specimen holder.

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Specimen Grinder provides the final step to
preparing test specimens with parallel and flat ends according
to ASTM and ISRM specifications. The grinder is driven by a
heavy-duty 2.0 HP electric motor for durability. A diamond
grinding cup-wheel is provided along with a custom stainless
steel sample holder. GCTS offers sample holders for
specimen diameters from 25 mm to 150 mm. The system has
a built in cooling circulator that cools the grinding cup-wheel
when preparing a specimen.
SPECIFICATIONS

Fast grinder with a single-pass full specimen coverage to make core
loading faces parallel and flat according to ASTM and ISRM
specifications. 2 HP electric motor. Includes diamond grinding cup
wheel, coolant system with 45 liters of biodegradable rock oil,
magnetic chuck, and stainless steel specimen holder for 50 to 76
mm diameter specimens.

OPERATION:

230 volts
50-60 Hertz
3 phase

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,220 kg.
Dimensions (meters) . . . . . . 1.0W x 1.5D x 2.0H
31

Specimen Flatness Gage (RFG-100)

DESCRIPTION

200 mm x 300 mm x 50 mm thick granite base (grade A,
+/- 0.0001" accuracy) with dial gage support for measuring flatness
of specimens up to 200 mm in height. Includes electronic digital dial
gage 0.01 mm (0.0005") resolution.
32

Soil Testing Systems

33

Servo Controlled Consolidation Apparatus (CRS-10)

Constant Rate of Strain (CSR), Constant Gradient
(CG), and conventional Consolidation Tests
Electro-Pneumatic Servo Control
10 kN load capacity
Automatic data logging and report generation
Custom Specimen sizes available

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Consolidation Apparatus is capable of performing
Controlled Gradient (CG), Constant Rate of Strain (CRS), and
Incremental (conventional) consolidation tests. The device is to
be used inside the triaxial chamber and loading frame. Includes
stainless steel specimen ring, porous stones, o-ring seals, and
necessary plumbing.

During the controlled gradient (CG) test, a pore pressure
transducer mounted on the base provides a feedback signal,
which is used in the operating software to provide a preset
loading rate on the test specimen.

The constant rate of strain test (CRS) can also be performed
using the GCTS Consolidation Apparatus. Using deformation
sensor, which monitors axial strain on the specimen, the sample
is loaded at a preset rate of strain controlled by the system
software.

The conventional or incremental consolidation test is performed
through application of an axial load on the test specimen at preset
loading steps or increments.

The GCTS CRS-10 Consolidation Apparatus includes a loading
frame, load cell, deformation sensor, pore pressure sensor, servo
valve and the SCON1500 servo controller and data acquisition
system to automatically perform the above tests. Windows
software is also provided to set the tests as well as to monitor in
real time the test data and data reduction.

GCTS can also provide consolidation systems for larger
specimens and larger loads. Other options include bender
elements to measure shear wave velocities and HAEV ceramic
disks to obtain soil-water- characteristic curves (SWCC). Please
contact GCTS to inquire about these or any other option.

SPECIFICATIONS

Maximum Load: 10 kN
Standard Specimen size: 63 mm (2.5 inch)
Maximum Specimen Size: 75 mm (3 inch)
Excitation: 10 VDC

Operation: 110/220 VAC
1,000 kPa dry, compressed air

SHIPPING

Weight : 350 kg.
Volume: 1.5 m
3
approximately

34

Direct Shear Testing System for Soils (SDS-100)

Closed-loop servo control of double acting
(push/pull) 20 kN (2 ton) shear load actuator with
25 mm stroke & 20 kN
(2 ton) normal load capacity with 50 mm stroke
Normal load reaction support mounted on sliding
bearings to minimize horizontal friction
Accepts specimens with up to 100 mm (4")
diameter or 70 mm (2.75") square specimens
stiffness
Real time graphical display of test progress
Mounted on a cart with casters
Other load capacities & specimen size dimensions
are available, including large-scale test systems
for shear loads of up to 1,000 kN (100 ton) &
specimen sizes up to 300 mm diameter or side

DESCRIPTION

control of the shear and normal loads for test automation. Loads
prescribed for automatically performing conventional direct shear
tests as well as more advanced tests. This system can be easily
programmed to perform tests such as the constant normal
stiffness test where the normal load is a function of a prescribed
stiffness for simulating actual compressibility of a ground shear
plane (e.g. soil-pile interaction).

The GCTS Direct Shear Test System is especially well suited to
test coarse granular materials because of its large sample size
and high load capacity.

A major advantage over conventional motorized system is that
this system eliminates vibrations that can disturb or densify
granular specimens.

The SDS-100 is mounted on a convenient cart with caster that not
only supports the apparatus but also houses the hydraulics
inside.

SPECIFICATIONS

Power: 120 or 220 VAC

(Contact GCTS for full specifications and available options)

SHIPPING

Weight : . . . . . . . . . 250 kg.
Dimensions: . . . . . . 1.0 m x 1.2 m x 1.2 m
35

Direct Shear Testing System for Soils and Asphalts (SDS-150)

Closed-loop servo control of double acting
(push/pull) 50 kN (5 ton) shear load actuator with
100 mm (50 mm) stroke & 50 kN (5 ton) normal
load capacity with 50 mm stroke
Normal load reaction support mounted on sliding
bearings to minimize horizontal friction
Accepts 150 mm (6") square specimens
stiffness
Available interface platens to test soils, asphalt
and geo-membranes.
Other load capacities & specimen size dimensions
are available, including large-scale test systems
for shear loads of up to 1,000 kN (100 ton) &
specimen sizes up to 300 mm diameter or side

DESCRIPTION

control of the shear and normal loads for test automation. Loads
prescribed for automatically performing conventional direct shear
tests as well as more advanced tests. This system can be easily
programmed to perform tests such as the constant normal
stiffness test where the normal load is a function of a prescribed
stiffness for simulating actual compressibility of a ground shear
plane (e.g. soil-pile interaction).

The GCTS Direct Shear Test System is especially well suited to
test coarse granular materials including interface because of its
large sample size and high load capacity.

A major advantage over conventional motorized system is that
this system eliminates vibrations that can disturb or densify
granular specimens.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
36

Servo-Controlled Simple Shear Testing System (SSH-100)

Dynamic and static simple shear apparatus
capable of applying cyclic loads up to 20 Hz
Digital servo control of shear and normal loads or
displacements
Servo control of the confining pressure
Acrylic cell capable of 1,000 kPa (150 psi) lateral
confining pressure (2,000 kPa option available)
Includes lines for top and bottom specimen
drainage
25 kN normal and shear load capacity
Lateral support of top cap to minimize rotation
compliance & sliding base mounted on pre-loaded
linear bearings
Optional internal load cell and deformation
sensors with overload protection
Software for automatic performance of simple
shear tests with real time graphical display of test
progress
Optional ultrasonic platens and unsaturated
testing
Automatic tilt mechanism for fast and easy
specimen installation
DESCRIPTION

The design of the GCTS Simple Shear System is based on our
external cell wall triaxial system. The apparatus has a fixed top
and a sliding bottom base mounted on special linear bearings.
The system also has a stiff internal support to minimize lateral
compliance of the top cap.

One of the main advantages of the GCTS Simple Shear System
is that our apparatus does not require a reinforced membrane as
lateral support is provided via the confining pressure. This means
that consolidation can be done at K values other than Ko.

The confining pressure can be servo controlled and together with
the hydraulic servo control of the normal and shear loads, the
GCTS system is capable of performing advanced tests such as
zero volume change.

The system is capable of testing 100 mm (4 in.) and 71 mm
(2.8 in.) diameter specimens. Because the internal lateral support
can be adjusted up or down, various specimen heights can be
tested. This means that the system can be used to test either
simple shear or triaxial test specimens with heights up to 2.5
times the diameter.
37

Dynamic Hollow Cylinder Testing System (HCA-100)

225 Nm torsional loads & up to 100 kN axial
loads at up to 50 Hz
Confining, back/pore, and internal pressure servo
control up to 1,000 kPa
Angular displacement sensor with a deflection
range of 25 to measure large shear strains (40
optional)
Non-contacting deformation sensors with a 2.5
mm range to detect small shear strains
Standard systems to test 100 mm outside
diameter & 50 mm inside diameter
(25 mm wall thickness)
Systems also available to test 150 mm OD
and 75 mm ID
Optional unsaturated soils testing system package
also available
Internal high-speed torque motor for resonant
column testing, ultrasonic platens, and
temperature controller options also available
Complete "turn-key" system

DESCRIPTION

Direct digital servo control of axial load, torque, confining
pressure, internal pressure, and back pressure are achievable
using the GCTS Dynamic Hollow Cylinder Testing System for
performing "true triaxial" tests. This system is capable of
simulating most field stress/strain path tests (static or dynamic)
including plane strain, simple shear, and small shear strains.
Other possible tests include, measurement of dynamic shear
strength & deformation, liquefaction potential, shear modulus and
damping ratio. The system is versatile in allowing the user to
design custom procedures with operating frequencies of up to 50
Hz.

The system software advices the user on how to perform testing
tasks and also reminds the user of important steps that may need
to be executed (such as opening or closing a valve at required
test stages). The program helps the user to select proper testing
parameters and provides the necessary information to
automatically execute the test. The Graphical User Interface with
context sensitive on-line help and intuitive color windows help
minimize the learning time and enables laboratory personnel to
conduct more sophisticated testing programs at an economical
price. The system manages all the instrumentation and
continuously monitors sensor outputs to accurately account for
uplift pressures acting on the loading piston, area changes,
deformation and volume change sensor setup, re-positioning, etc.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

38

Poly-Axial Test System (SPAX-2000)

Tests cubical specimens 75 x 75 mm
by 150 mm height
Capable of applying 5 MPa & 2 MPa for the
maximum major and minor stresses, respectively
Independent stress or strain closed-loop digital
servo control of each one of the three axes
Front and back-hinged doors swing open for easy
specimen access
Internal load cells are rigidly attached to upper and
both side loading platens
Especially well suited for Ko-consolidation testing
Turn-key systems
Systems also manufactured to customer
specifications
Unsaturated soils triaxial testing

DESCRIPTION

The Poly-Axial System includes four hydraulic load rams
equipped with LVDTs so that each platen can be independently
computer-controlled. The feedback control can be either stress or
strain. With this configuration the specimen can be maintained
centered minimizing end platen friction. This is accomplished by
always making one of the LVDTs on each plane with hydraulic
loaders the master and the opposing LVDT the slave. The
master LVDT can be controlled to deform at a particular rate,
including zero, and the slave is automatically programmed to
deform an equal amount.

Each one of the horizontal loading rams has an internal load cell
because there can be significant end platen friction at the top and
bottom porous stones, especially if the specimen exhibits
significant non-homogeneity. The load cell at the bottom vertical
loader is omitted because the side platens are smooth and can be
lubricated making end platen friction much less an issue for this
direction. Pore pressures are measured at the top and bottom
specimen ends.

Stresses/strains in the axis 3 directions are applied through the
chamber fluid pressure. A volume change device is used to
measure and control the strains in this direction. Optional
proximity sensors can also be used to measure deformations in
this direction.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System (MRT-300)

Advanced testing for soils and Hot Mix Asphalt
(HMA)
Electro-Hydraulic or Electro-Pneumatic Digital
Servo Control
Easy to use software for automatic test
performance
Meets AASHTO, SHRP and ASTM standards
Triaxial cells for specimens from 71 mm (2.8) to
150 mm (6) diameter
Available Indirect Tension fixtures to perform ASTM
D4123 and SHRP P-7
Complete turn-key systems

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System boasts
a modular design which allows the system to be configured to test
asphalt and soil in a variety of modes. This system is based on
the GCTS SCON Digital Signal Conditioning and Controller and
can be supplied with pneumatic or hydraulic loader.

The GCTS Resilient Modulus software features built in AASTHO,
SHRP, and NCHRP test sequences, and the capability to specify
user defined sequences. Contact stress is automatically adjusted
according to the above procedures as selected. Available
waveforms include haversine, sine, square and triangular, along
with a user defined waveform selection. Optional peak & valley
compensation ensures proper and quick matching of the load
parameters. Real time displays of the prescribed versus actual
dynamic load or the dynamic deformation measurements by each
sensor are always present. Deformation ratio of the two sensors,
Rv (to ensure that the two deformation sensors are in agreement)
and Mr are also calculated in real time. During export, curve fitting
is done to fit the results to models that predict Mr as a function of
m, d, and CP (cell pressure). Four different functions are
calculated automatically (as required by AASHTO and NCHRP
procedures):

Mr = K1 (m)
K
2
Mr = K1 (d)
K
2
Mr = K1 (d)
K
2 CP
K
3
Mr = K1 Pa[(-3K6)/Pa]
K
2 [oct/Pa + K7]
K
3

For testing asphalt at different temperatures, an optional
environmental chamber can be provided. This chamber can
accommodate triaxial, indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue,
dynamic modulus and all the other testing fixtures GCTS offers.
Temperatures of 30 to +150C (with liquid nitrogen boost) can
be achieved with this option.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS for a system proposal including specifications
based on your testing requirements.
AASHTO TYPE 2 Material Compaction Mold
39
40

Resonant Column/ Torsional Shear Testing System (TSH-100 & TSH-200)

Capable of performing modulus/damping resonant
column and torsional tests on soils and asphalts
(solid and hollow specimens)
Easy-to-use software for the automatic
performance of resonant column & torsional shear
tests
Floating drive and measurement system to allow
for large angular & axial specimen deformations
1,000 kPa (150 psi) maximum confining pressure.
Larger capacities upon request
Higher confining pressures available with stainless
steel cell wall
Platens with ultrasonic transducers for P- and S-
wave velocity measurements are available as an
option
Available upgrades of most resonant column
systems to a computer-controlled system

DESCRIPTION

This GCTS System combines the features of both resonant
column and torsional shear devices into one system so that the
effects of soil parameters such as void ratio, confining pressure,
strain amplitude, and number of load cycles on shear modulus
and material damping can be evaluated. In fact, by utilizing all
available options, this system is capable of the full spectrum of
modulus measurement, ranging from ultra low strains to high
strains with significant overlap.

For the resonant column test a torsional drive is used to vibrate
the top of the soil specimen at first-mode resonance at
frequencies up to 250 Hz while the bottom is fixed. Non-
contacting rotational sensor and a torque transducer attached to
the top platen monitor the torsional motion and torque directly.
The non-contacting sensor is located on extended arms to amplify
the rotational deformation providing a shear strain resolution of
10-6. An optional accelerometer can also be installed to measure
large shear strains.

The GCTS System can also perform closed-loop torsional shear
tests (stress or strain controlled) on the same soil specimen,
either statically or dynamically at up to 50 Hz.

With this system, soil specimens can be tested under isotropic
(hydrostatic) or anisotropic conditions. The driving and
measuring system are mounted on a "floating" frame allowing
large vertical specimen deformations throughout the complete
test. Its unique configuration also allows for very large shear
deformations of up to 20.

Standard systems available for 71-mm and 100-mm diameter
specimens available. Other platens sizes are also available.

SPECIFICATIONS

Electrical: . . . . . . . . 110 or 220 VAC / 50-60 Hz
(specify when ordering)

Sample Sizes: . . . . TSH-100 38, 50 & 70 mm
TSH-200 50, 70 & 100 mm

See brochure for full specifications.
41

Pneumatic Soil Triaxial Testing System (STX-050)

Automatic multi-stage testing
Static & dynamic loading
Stress/strain path
Frequencies up to 5 Hertz
Unsaturated soil testing upgrade
Complete test automation including
saturation, consolidation, & shear
Affordably priced

DESCRIPTION

The triaxial testing system is intended for performing conventional
triaxial tests, namely a constant rate of strain axial compression
test, as well as advanced procedures such as Ko test and
stress/strain path. This system also provides the necessary
versatility to easily perform dynamic tests for liquefaction, resilient
modulus, and cyclic strength, to mention a few. The triaxial
testing system includes all of the necessary software modules to
perform the above tests.

The system includes automatic ball valve to automatically perform
B-value checks as well as to open/close the drainage path as
required by different test stages.
The program helps the user select the proper testing parameters
and provides the necessary information required to automatically
execute the desired test. The Graphical User Interface with
context-sensitive online help and intuitive color windows helps
minimize learning time and enables laboratory personnel to
conduct more complex, but realistic, testing programs at
substantially lower operating cost and also with minimal operator
error. The system manages all the instrumentation and
continuously monitors sensor outputs to accurately account for
uplift pressures acting on the loading piston, area changes,
deformation and volume change sensors setup and re-
positioning, etc.

Summary results for individual test specimens can be generated
in report format and files can be merged to produce a Mohr
envelope plot for up to five specimens. Data acquired from all the
software modules can be easily transferred to other programs like
spreadsheets, databases, etc.

SHIPPING

Standard volume: . . . . . . . . . . 1.0m x 1.3m x 1.0m
Standard weight: . . . . . . . . . . . 230 kg

See the STX-50 Brochure for full system specifications
Cyclic / Stress-Path Soil Triaxial System (STX)

Closed-Loop Digital Servo Control
Specimen Diameter from 70 mm to 150 mm
Dynamic and Static Loading
Frequencies up to 30 Hz
Electro-hydraulic
Axial loads up to 100 kN
Cell Pressures up to 2,000 kPa
Meets ASTM D-3999 & D-5311 Standards

DESCRIPTION

The STX triaxial testing systems are intended for performing
dynamic tests for liquefaction, resilient modulus, cyclic strength,
complex modulus, and other dynamic triaxial tests including
synchronized cyclic axial and confining stress loading. This
system also provides the necessary versatility to automatically
perform conventional triaxial tests as well as advanced
procedures such as stress or strain path.

The standard STX system includes all the necessary hardware
and software to automatically perform all triaxial stages including
saturation, consolidation, and easily created cyclic and static
customized test procedures. It allows creation of an unlimited
variety of waveforms including user-generated profiles such as a
digitized earthquake record. The system software provides advice
for the user as to how to perform testing tasks.
The program helps the user select the proper testing parameters
and provides the necessary information required to automatically
execute the desired test. The Graphical User Interface helps
minimize learning time and enables laboratory personnel to
conduct more complex, but realistic, testing programs at
substantially lower operating cost and also with minimal operator
error.

Summary results for individual test specimens can be generated
in report format and files can be merged to produce a Mohr
envelope plot for up to five specimens. Data acquired from all the
software modules can be easily transferred to other programs like
spreadsheets, databases, etc.

Standard systems available for testing specimens with a diameter
of 71-mm, 100-mm, and 150-mm. Large-Scale systems are also
available.

SPECIFICATIONS

Model Max. Specimen Load Frame
Diameter Capacity

STX-100 . . . . . . . . 70 mm . . . . . . . . . . . 25 kN
STX-200 . . . . . . . . 100 mm . . . . . . . . . . 50 kN
STX-300 . . . . . . . . 150 mm . . . . . . . . . 100 kN

See the STX-100 brochure for full specifications.
42
43

Frozen Soil Triaxial System (FSTX-100)

200 kN (44 kips) axial load & 20,000 kPa
(3,000 psi) cell pressure capacity
Computer temperature control to -15C
(-30C with LN2) & high temperatures
up to +80C.
Electro-hydraulic closed-loop digital servo control
Software modules for the performance of UU, CU,
and CD static tests with stress path control and
dynamic tests such as liquefaction,
modulus/damping measurement, cyclic strength,
and resilient modulus
Available options: Internal axial &circumferential
ultrasonic transducers for P-and S-wave velocity
measurements.

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Frozen Soil Triaxial System uses a computer
controlled metering valve and an internal copper vaporization coil
for controlling test temperatures below the ambient room
temperature. Measurements from two temperature probes are
used to calculate and control the average temperature inside the
triaxial cell. Included with this system is an efficient electrical
heating and cooling unit for controlling the temperature inside the
triaxial cell. This unit, unlike the LN2 systems, offers a safe and
low operating cost. However, LN2 is required for temperatures
under -15C. A cascade digital temperature control is integrated
with the testing software for precise temperature control while
eliminating temperature overshoots.

The complete system also includes the load frame, triaxial cell,
volume change device, pressure panel, sensors, digital signal
conditioning, and software for complete integration of the testing
system.

This system accepts specimens with diameters from 35 mm to 75
mm, and with specimen lengths of 2.5 times the diameter.
Platens for 71 mm diameter specimens come standard with this
system. An automatic lift is provided to rise and lower the metallic
cell wall for easy specimen setup.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
44

Unsaturated Soil Triaxial Testing System (USTX-2000)

Volume Change Device
Water Reservoir
Pressure Transducer
Manual Ball Valve
Automatic Ball Valve
Flushing Tube
Cell Pressure
Pore Water Pressure
Pore Air Pressure
CP
Uw
Ua
Ceramic Stone
Inner Cell Wall
Specimen
Outer Cell Wall
Porous Stone
Pressure Volume
Controller
Ua Uw CP
Automatic 4-Way Valve

Fully integrated system with multi-directional
automatic valves: volume change & diffused air
flushing devices; de-airing tank; & vacuum pump
Direct control/measurement of pore water
pressure (uw) at top/bottom of the specimen
Direct control/measurement of pore air pressure
(ua) at the top of the test specimen
Performs static and dynamic tests:
Sat/Unsat Triaxial Shear with stress/strain path
Drying/wetting Soil Water Characteristic Curves
(SWCC)
Hydraulic Conductivity Measurements with suction
control
Saturated/Unsaturated Consolidation
Response to Wetting Test
Liquefaction
Resilient Modulus
Cyclic Strength
Frequencies up to 5 Hertz with significant
amplitudes (larger with electro-hydraulic option)
Double cell wall construction for accurate overall
volume change measurements
Easily exchangeable HAEV ceramic stones
Complete 'turn-key' system

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Unsaturated Soil Triaxial System is an electro-
pneumatic system with closed-loop digital servo control. Electro-
hydraulic option is available for performing tests at higher
frequencies or amplitudes. This system is developed for
performing fully automated static and dynamic triaxial tests on
saturated or unsaturated soil specimens. The system includes
all the software modules and electrical valves required for
automatic testing. The axial loader, cell pressure, pore air
pressure, and pore water/back pressure are servo controlled
using any system sensor as feedback.

The adoption of double cell walls essentially eliminates the
compliance errors associated with single cell when measuring
overall; specimen volume changes. This system performs
unsaturated soil testing with a degree of automation not presently
found in any other commercially available system. This system
includes motorized ball valves to automatically recharge the
pressure volume controllers; flush air bubbles diffused through
the ceramic stone; and reverse the direction of the volume
change device that enables infinite volume measurement range
as required by the on-going test. This system also includes
components such as a de-airing water reservoir and vacuum
pump to perform saturated or unsaturated soil triaxial tests.

The system software provides over 20 parameters for real time
display and/or control. These parameters include stresses,
strains, suction, etc. (see CATS-TRX brochure for a complete
list). The Graphical User Interface enables laboratory personnel
to conduct more complex, but realistic, testing programs at
substantially lower operating cost with minimal operator error.

(See brochure for a complete list of specifications)
45

Soil-Water Characteristic Cell (SWC-150)

Simulation of vertical pressure.
Tracking volume changes.
Tracking water content
Applied suctions up to 1,500 kPa
Both drying (de-adsorption) and wetting
(adsorption) curves
Dual pressure gauges and regulators for precise
pressure control
Null-type initial suction measurements using axis-
translation technique (optional)
Stainless steel construction with hand-operated
knobs for fast setup
Pressure compensator on the loading ram
Flushing ability and measurement of diffused air
Hanging column option for applying low suctions in
1 to 5 kPa range
Heater option for preventing vapor condensation
inside the cell

DESCRIPTION

The Fredlund SWCC Device is a simple unsaturated soil testing
apparatus with great flexibility for applying matric suctions while
following various stress paths.

The device can be used to obtain the complete soil-water
characteristic curve (SWCC) for a soil. The Fredlund SWCC
Device allows you to control matric suctions from near zero
values up to 1500 kPa (i.e., 15 bars), and is capable of applying
one-dimensional loading, Ko, to a specimen with a diameter up to
75 mm. The device is economically priced and is a complete
turn-key system.

The cell is constructed of stainless steel and includes the
necessary plumbing and valves for periodic flushing and
measuring of diffused air. Several different high-air-entry-value
(HAVE) ceramic stones can be easily interchanged. An optional
pneumatic load frame loader is available to apply larger normal
pressures.

Through its convenient design, the apparatus allows the use of a
single soil specimen to obtain the entire SWCC with any number
of data points.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

SHIPPING

Standard weight: . . . . . . . . . 58 kg (128 lbs)

Standard volume:
Case 1 . . . . . . . . . 40 x 30 x 30 cm (16 x 12 x 12 in)
Case 2 . . . . . . . . . 66 x 41 x 48 cm (26 x 16 x 19 in)
46

Soil Testing Components
47

Load Frame (FRM-10P)

10 kN standard capacity
Top mounted actuator
Electro-pneumatic servo controlled
Adjustable crosshead beam
Stainless steel and hard-anodized
aluminum construction
Available frames with larger load capacities
up to 24 kN

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS load frame is relatively lightweight but highly stable
and has a small tabletop footprint. The load frame consists of two
large, stainless steel threaded columns with a hard-anodized
aluminum cross head beam and a large, thick bottom plate for
stability. The bottom plate is threaded for the two upright columns
and for hold-down bolts to secure the triaxial cell. The stainless
steel nuts on the frame columns can be used to easily adjust the
height of the crosshead beam to accommodate variable specimen
or cell heights.

The crosshead beam supports the double acting load cylinder
used to apply the axial load with 50 mm stroke and pneumatic
servo valve for closed-loop control of axial load or axial
displacement at frequencies up to 10 Hz. GCTS loaders offer low
start up pressure, extremely sensitive response, very low friction,
and low breakaway force for smooth action. These loaders are
servo actuated with pneumatic pressure.

SPECIFICATIONS

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50-mm (2 inch)
Actuator load capacity . . . +/- 10 kN.
Frequency response . . . . . 8-mm peak-to-peak amplitude @5 Hz
Maximum vertical daylight opening . . . . 940 mm.
Horizontal daylight opening . . . . . . . . . 340 mm.

NOTE: Requires a 1,000 kPa clean, dry air supply
48

Load Frame (FRM-100)

100 kN capacity
Top mounted actuator
Electro-hydraulic servo controlled
Stainless steel and hard-anodized aluminum
construction
Larger (or smaller) load capacity frames
are also available
Optional automatic hydraulic cross head lift
Frames made to customer specifications

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS load frame is relatively lightweight but highly stable
and has a small tabletop footprint. The load frame consists of two
large, stainless steel threaded columns with a hard-anodized
aluminum cross head beam and a large, thick bottom plate for
stability. The bottom plate is threaded for the two upright columns
and for hold-down bolts to secure the triaxial cell. The stainless
steel nuts on the frame columns can be used to easily adjust the
height of the crosshead beam to accommodate variable specimen
or cell heights.

The crosshead beam supports the double acting load cylinder
used to apply the axial load. GCTS loaders offer low start up
pressure, extremely sensitive response, very low friction, and low
breakaway force for smooth action. These loaders are servo
actuated with hydraulic pressure.

SPECIFICATIONS

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100-mm (4 inch)
Static load capacity . . . . . . . . . +/- 100 kN
Dynamic load capacity . . . . . . . +/- 80 kN
Maximum frequency . . . . . . . . . 50 Hertz
Maximum velocity . . . . . . . . . . . 75 mm/sec
Maximum vertical daylight
Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 mm
Horizontal daylight opening . . . . 400 mm

Note: Frequency and amplitude capacity depends on hydraulic
power pack and servo valve flow capacity. Maximum velocity is
specified with 19 LPM (5 GPM) servo valve.
49

Soil Axial Deformation Device (DEF-6100)

DEF-6100 device shown with optional DEF-SRCP*

Standard available sizes include: 71 mm, 100mm,
and 150 mm diameter specimens (other sizes
available as an option)
Horizontally guided to prevent rotation
Made of acrylic with lightening holes for minimum
mass
Can be used for Uniaxial or Triaxial testing
Measures axial strains directly on specimen
Very easy to setup and use.
Meets NCHRP requirements

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Soil Deformation Device measures axial strain directly
on the specimen providing accurate results. The device consists
of an upper and lower support rings machined with a low weight,
high strength design. The GCTS Soil Deformation Device is
available in standard sizes and also in custom sizes.

The DEF-6100-AXC Internal Axial Measurement Device includes
two axial LVDT holder rings, soft-tipped and can be used with
submersible or standard LVDTs (used with non-conductive media
only).

The Transducer supports are split in two halves, clamped using
rubber bands and guided in order to prevent rotation or folding
of the two halves while allowing for lateral expansion. For soft
specimens, the clamps can be set onto the top and bottom platen
to prevent damage to the specimen.

SPECIFICATIONS

Part No. Specimen Diameter

DEF-6100-AXC-071: 71 mm
DEF-6100-AXC-100: 100 mm
DEF-6100-AXC-150: 150 mm

*Note: LVDT sensors and DEF-SRCP Circumferential
Measurement device for radial strains are sold separately
50

Soil Circumferential Deformation Device (DEF-SRCP)

Measures average radial strains.
2,000 kPa water service
Accommodates specimens with an initial
diameter from 35 mm to 75 mm.
Made of lightweight materials for minimum mass
Can be used for Uniaxial or Triaxial testing.
Includes non-contacting sensor
Very easy to setup and use

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Soil circumferential Deformation Device measures the
average change in circumference directly on the specimen
providing accurate results. The device consists of a
circumferential roller assembly made anodized aluminum links
and Teflon rollers to ensure smooth displacements. This material
combination has a small mass and high stiffness to minimize
device compliance. The DEF-SRCP includes an integrated
submersible proximitor sensor with 5 mm range.
The standard DEF-SRCP can be configured to accommodate
specimens with an initial diameter from 35 mm to 75 mm by
adding or removing assembly links. Additional links can be
purchased to accommodate specimens with up to 150 mm in
diameter. For larger specimens diameters we recommend to use
the GCTS DEF-SRCP-600 (see Large Scale Deformation Device
catalogue)

SPECIFICATIONS

Resolution: 0.2 um
Deformation range: 5 mm
Maximum pressure: 2,000 kPa
Media Water/oil
Excitation: 5 VDC
Output: 0-5 VC

SHIPPING

Weight : 2 kg.
Dimensions: 15 x 15 x 10 cm
51

Large-Scale Deformation Device (DEF-S1600)

Measures average axial and radial Strains on
300 mm diameter specimens
Waterproof to 2,000 kPa
Available devices for cylindrical specimens with
diameters from 200 mm to more than 1,000 mm
Can be used for testing soils, asphalt, concrete
and other materials
User configurable

DESCRIPTION

The DEF-S1600 deformation device is composed of two, three,
or four DEF-S1610 Axial Deformation Gages and one or two
DEF-SRCP-600 circumferential deformation gages.

Each DEF-S1610 includes one LVDT holder with a 150 mm
radius, one rod extension holder with the same radius, and one
rod extension for measuring the axial strains. This device
measures the axial strains within the middle halve of the
specimen height (from the upper 1/4 to the lower 1/4 of the
specimen height) away from the platen end effects. Holders are
attached to the specimen using tension springs. The two holders
are guided by a precision bearing and light shaft to maintain
parallelism, eliminating block rotation errors.

Different size extension rods can be purchased from GCTS to
measure axial deformation over different gage lengths.

Several DEF-S1610 devices can be installed in one specimen to
measure the average axial deformation. A minimum of two DEF-
S1610 located at 180 degrees from each other should be used.
Using more than 4 such device will become impractical.

The GCTS DEF-SRCP-600 is a device for measuring the
circumferential change in a cylindrical specimen inside the triaxial
cell. Radial strain can then be calculated from the circumferential
deformation.

The standard DEF-SRCP-600 device includes a 10 mm (0.4 inch)
range water-submersible LVDT. This LVDT can be positioned in
three different locations to provide three different deformation
ranges using the same LVDT. The smallest range with the best
resolution is achieved by mounting the LVDT holder and target
holder right on the chain end blocks. In the same way, the largest
range can be achieved by setting the LVDT and target holders at
the bottom of the V arms. These 3 different mechanical ranges
translate roughly to 10%, 2.5% and 1% radial strain ranges on a
300-mm diameter specimen.

SPECIFICATIONS

DEF-S1610
Range. . . . . . . . . . 25 mm
Excitation . . . . . . . 5 Volt RMS @3 kHz AC
Output (typ) . . . . . 80 mV/V/mm
Repeatability . . . . 1.0 micron *

DEF-SRCP-600
Range 1 . . . . . . . . 100 mm
Range 2 . . . . . . . . 25 mm
Range 3 . . . . . . . . 10 mm
Excitation . . . . . . . 5 Volt RMS @3 kHz AC
Output (typ) . . . . . 80 mV/V/mm
Repeatability . . . . 1.0 micron *

*Note: The repeatability specification is for the LVDT sensor only.
The absolute repeatability depends on system mechanics.

Other ranges and outputs available. Consult factory for
specifications.
52

Soil Triaxial Cell (TRX)

1,000 kPa (150 psi) capacity
Cells with 2,000 kPa capacity also available
External cell wall (internal tie rods)
Top and bottom drainage
Stiff, low friction loading piston and graphite seal
External or internal load cells and LVDTs
Three standard triaxial cells for 70-mm, 100-mm,
and 150-mm specimen diameters
Available large-scale triaxial cells for testing
specimens up to 1,000-mm (40") diameter

DESCRIPTION

The triaxial cell is constructed of stainless steel. The standard
unit features a see-through Plexiglas external cell wall. The
advantages of the external cell wall are that after the specimen is
completely ready for a test, the cell wall is lowered over the cell
and fastened into place with minimum disturbance to the test
sample. All the standard triaxial cells can accommodate smaller
diameter specimens using optional platens. These triaxial cells
accept specimens with a length of 2 to 2.5 times the diameter.

Standard units comes with a set of top and bottom SS or
anodized platens, porous stones, and all necessary O-rings.
Reinforced metal rings are also standard with these cells. The
ductility of metal rings offer and additional safety factor in case
the acrylic cell wall is accidentally damaged. At the bottom of the
cell are valves and quick disconnect fittings for top drainage/pore
pressure, bottom drainage/pore pressure and chamber
filling/emptying. Five bleed ports located at the high points are
also provided to completely remove air bubbles remaining while
filling the cell with water.

The loading piston diameter for the 70-mm cell is a 15.9 mm
(5/8") SS shaft and 25.4 mm (1) for the 100-mm and 150 -mm
cells, which is not easily bent. A stainless steel, extra precision
ball bearing guides the loading shaft. Both, swivel loading
buttons and rigid threaded connectors are provided with these
cells. The swivel buttons allow the top cap to rotate during
loading. The threaded adaptor is used for a rigid connection. A
rigid connection imposes a different boundary condition forcing
the axial deformation to be uniform. Stress reversal is easily
applied with this adaptor. All triaxial cells include a threaded joint
at the other end of the loading shaft to connect to the load frame
allowing full compression or tension loads. The TRX-100
connection is a 1/2 20 UNF male thread and the TRX-200/300 a
5/8-18 UNF male thread.

Up to eight feed-through ports to connect internal instrumentation
can be added as an option. Other options include

SPECIFICATIONS

Model Max. Specimen
Diameter

TRX-100. . . . . . . . 70 mm
TRX-200. . . . . . . . 100 mm
TRX-300. . . . . . . . 150 mm
53

Unsaturated Soils Triaxial Double Cell (TRX-2C)

2,000 kPa (300 psi) capacity
Double external cell wall (internal tie rods)
Top pore air, bottom pore water, bottom flushing,
& independent internal & external cell
pressure/drainage ports
Sealed electrical feed-through connectors for
internal instrumentation including deformation
device, ultrasonic velocity, mid-plane pore
pressure, and other sensors
Specimen platens with easily interchangeable
HAEV ceramic discs
Stiff, low friction loading piston & graphite seal
High ductility metallic reinforcement rings

DESCRIPTION

The main feature of this triaxial cell is the incorporation of a
double cell wall. This prevents differential pressure changes for
the inner wall while changing the confining pressure and thus
eliminating volume changes errors associated with single cell
units due to cell expansion.

The triaxial cell is constructed of stainless steel and
accommodates cylindrical specimens up to 75-mm in diameter
with length to diameter ratio between 2 to 2.5. The system
features see-through Plexiglas external double cell wall and a stiff
loading piston with a low friction graphite seal. The advantage of
the double external cell wall is that once the specimen is ready,
the cell wall is lowered over the cell and fastened in place with
minimum disturbance to the specimen.

Even though the piston friction is typically negligible, an internal
load cell option is provided if desired to fully eliminate the friction.
The low-friction graphite seal offer less than 10 N friction
resistance (5 N typical) and without the static friction behavior
normally associated with standard O-ring seals.

At the bottom of the cell are ball valves and quick disconnect
fittings for top drainage/pore pressure, bottom drainage/pore
pressure, bottom flushing, internal confining fluid pressure and
external confining fluid pressure. The external and internal
confining fluid ports are isolated from each other allowing for an
external volume change device to measure the bulk specimen
deformation while virtually eliminating compliance errors from
pressure changes. A bleeding port is also provided at the top of
the cell.

Included is an internal spherical seat loading connection set and a
rigid loading connection for stress reversal. Stress reversal is
easily applied with these cells. The loading piston diameter a
15.9 mm (5/8") SS shaft which is not easily bent. It is threaded at
both ends and screws into the top platen.

The standard unit also includes 4 sealed electrical feed-through
connectors to accommodate different type of sensors like load
cells, LVDT's, ultrasonic transducers, etc. Also includes four
plugs for sealing the feed-through connectors while not in use.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

54

Large-Scale Soil Triaxial Cell (TRX-600)

Accepts samples with a 300-mm diameter
and up to 700-mm height
1,000 kPa (150 psi) pressure capacity
Light-weight reinforced acrylic cell wall
Top and bottom specimen drainage
Low friction graphite seal
Hardened stainless steel loading piston and
extra-precision ball bushing guide
Rigid loading connection for stress reversal
External or internal load cells and LVDTs
Feed-through connectors for GCTS axial and
radial strain measurement devices and other
transducers
Complete testing systems available from GCTS
DESCRIPTION

The TRX-600 Triaxial Cell is ideal for testing soils with coarse particles in
static or dynamic mode. It is also well suited for testing ballast material
composed of crushed gravels and other sharp particles. GCTS can also
provide reinforced sample membranes that minimize punctures as well
as membrane penetration while offering a low stretch resistance.

This triaxial cell is constructed of stainless steel. It accepts specimens
with diameters up to 300-mm and lengths of 2 to 2.25 times the diameter.
The standard unit features a light-weight see-through Plexiglas cell wall
reinforced with anodized aluminum rings. The ductility of metal rings
offer an additional safety factor in case the acrylic cell wall is accidentally
damaged.

The TRX-600 triaxial cell comes with a set of top and bottom stainless
steel platens, porous stones, and all necessary O-rings. At the bottom
of the cell are valves and quick disconnect fittings for top drainage/pore
pressure, bottom drainage/pore pressure and chamber filling/emptying.
Bleed ports located at the high points on the top plate are also provided
to completely remove air bubbles remaining while filling the cell with
water. The cell base includes an air cushion channel that allows the
triaxial cell to easily slide on a flat surface. This air cushion facilitates the
positioning of the triaxial cell under the loading frame.

The TRX-600 includes a stainless steel extra precision ball bearing to
guide the loading shaft. Both swivel loading buttons and rigid threaded
connectors are provided with this cell. The swivel buttons allow the top
cap to rotate during loading. The threaded adaptor is used for a rigid
connection, imposing a different boundary condition by forcing the axial
deformation to be uniform. Stress reversal is easily applied with this
adaptor. A split compaction mold is also included with this cell.

Available options include the GCTS DEF-S1600 Submersible internal
instrumentation to measure axial and radial strains. This device can be
provided with two or three axial gages and one or two circumferential
gages. Also available are pneumatic vibratory compactors with
adjustable frequency. Complete testing systems including dynamic load
frames, pressure panels, and servo control can be provided by GCTS.

SPECIFICATIONS

Overall Cell Height: . . . . . . . . . 1,400 mm
Overall Cell Width: . . . . . . . . . . 660 mm
Load frame connection . . . . . . . 1.25 12 UNF male threads

SHIPPING

Standard Weight: . . . . . . . . . . 470 kg
Standard Volume: . . . . . . . . . . 710 mm x 710 mm x 1,400 mm
55
8/8/2005
Controlled Gradient Consolidation Apparatus (TRX-CRX)

Mounts inside the triaxial cell
Quick assembly and disassembly design feature
Stand alone unit also available
Custom sizes available

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS TRX=CRX Consolidation Apparatus is capable of
performing Controlled Gradient (CG), Constant Rate of Strain
(CRS), and Incremental (conventional) consolidation tests. The
device is to be used inside the triaxial chamber and with a loading
frame. It includes a stainless steel specimen ring, porous stones,
o-ring seals, and necessary plumbing.

The controlled gradient (CG) test can be performed using the
GCTS Consolidation Apparatus. During the test, a pore pressure
transducer mounted on the base provides a feedback signal,
which is used in the operating software to provide a preset
loading rate on the test specimen.

The constant rate of strain test (CRS) can also be performed
using the GCTS Consolidation Apparatus. Using an LVDT, which
monitors axial strain on the specimen, the sample is loaded at a
preset rate of strain controlled by the system software.

The conventional or incremental consolidation test is performed
through application of an axial load on the test specimen at preset
loading steps or increments.

The stand alone GCTS Consolidation Apparatus does not require
a loading frame or triaxial cell to operate. Axial load is applied by
air or nitrogen gas against a frictionless piston assembly. The unit
also has an LVDT mounted inside to supply direct axial strain
measurements

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 kg
Dimensions (meters): . . . . . 0.6W x 0.6D x 0.6H
56

Diffused Air Flushing Device (DAF-200)

Large flushing capacity
High resolution
Electronic readout of water level
Computer-controlled ball valve for automated
flushing
Insensitive to atmospheric pressure changes
Units available with manual valve and level
indicator

DESCRIPTION

GCTS Diffused-Air Flushing device is an accessory designed to
eliminate diffused air bubbles formed beneath ceramic plates
during unsaturated soil testing such as triaxial, direct shear, and
SWCC.

The water expelled or absorbed by a soil specimen during testing
migrates through the ceramic stone installed at the bottom of the
specimen. Due to diffusion, a small amount of air also passes
through the stone depending on the applied suction and the
duration of the test. To obtain an accurate measurement of water
expelled or absorbed, the diffused air should be flushed out of the
system.

GCTS Diffused-Air Flushing device is connected to the bottom of
the ceramic stone via a computer-controlled ball valve. A water
level sensor is attached to the bottom of the device. Air flushing
is performed by opening the ball valve and moving sufficient
amount of water. Then the water level is brought back to the
original level by the pressure/volume controller. The new position
of the pressure/volume controller gives the amount of migrated
water. Note that the water level in the flushing device is used as
a reference only, and it does not provide any water volume
information.

Economically priced units with manual valves and level indicators
are also available.

SPECIFICATIONS

Resolution: 0.02 cc
Flushing capacity: 200 cc
Excitation: 10 VDC
Output: 1.67 mV/V
Valve control: 24 VDC

Operation: DAF-200A Automatic
DAF-200M Manual

SHIPPING

Weight : 11 kg.
Dimensions: 25 x 25 x 40 cm
57
8/8/2005
Volume Change Device (VCD-400)

Virtually infinite volume measurement capacity
possible due to automatic, computer-controlled,
flow directional valve
Software is designed to automatically keep track
of total volume change
Frictionless rolling diaphragm enable volume
change measurements with virtually no pressure
differential
No hysteresis due to smooth guided piston stroke
& ball bearing guide
Stiff housing results in zero compliance errors

DESCRIPTION

GCTS volume change device is equipped with a frictionless
rolling diaphragm and an internal LVDT guided by ball bearing
unit housed inside a stiff stainless steel housing. The rolling
diaphragm and ball bearing guide are essentially frictionless
enabling volume change measurements with no pressure
differential.

Unlike other such devices available in the market, hysteresis is
eliminated from GCTS volume change device using well-guided
frictionless piston movement. The software automatically
switches the computer-controlled valve as needed and keeps
track of the direction of flow and total volume change during the
operation. As an option, the automatic directional valve can be
replaced with a manual valve that has a digital switch indicator.

SPECIFICATIONS

Resolution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 cc
Stroke volume capacity: . . . . . 400 cc
Pressure capacity: . . . . . . . . . .2,000 kPa
Excitation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 VAC @3 kHz
Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.6 V/V (approximately)
Automatic 4-way
directional valve control: . . . . . 24 VDC

Operation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VCD-400AAutomatic
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VCD-400MManual
SHIPPING

Weight : . . . . . . . . . . 22 kg.
Dimensions: . . . . . . . 40 x 30 x 30 cm.
58

Pressure Control Panel (PCP-200)

Complete pressure control for the GCTS triaxial
system
Single pressure gauge to measure accurate
pressure differences with 2.5 kPa (0.5 psi)
resolution
Includes venturi vacuum pump
1,000 kPa maximum pressure

DESCRIPTION

GCTS pressure control panel provides a complete pressure
control for triaxial systems. The volume change device is dual
purpose: for triaxial and permeability testing, and 150 cc capacity
with 0.01 cc resolution. The system meets ASTM D3999-91 and
D5311-92 pore water pressure measurement compliance
requirements. The pressure capacity of the panel is up to
1,000 kPa.

FEATURES

Two SR-PR-OM-1000 pressure transducers (for
cell & back pressure) with 0.25% linearity and
1,000-kPa range
One SR-VC-VAL-DP15-30 volume change
differential pressure transducer with 0.25%
linearity and 500 mm-H
2
O range
Three regulators for manual control of cell, top,
and bottom back pressures
Precision pressure gage with 2.5-kPa resolution
and selector valve
Graded water level sight tubes for electronic and
manual readings
Venturi vacuum pump
Mounting platform for pressure transducers and
necessary plumbing

OPTIONS

PCP-201COMPUTER CONTROL OF CELL PRESSURE
includes one EP-Valve and required fittings.

PCP-202COMPUTER CONTROL OF BACK PRESSURE
includes one EP-pressure valve, one computer controlled ball
valve for specimen drain line and required fittings. Required for
complete automation of triaxial test including saturation,
consolidation, and shear loading stages without user intervention.

PCP-203-UNSCOMPUTER CONTROL OF AIR PORE
PRESSURE for specimen suction control (ua uw). Includes
one EP-valve and required fittings.

NOTE: Requires a 1,000-kPa clean, dry air supply.
SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 kg
Pressure Panel & Pressure Volume Controller (PCP-2000)

0.1 kPa pressure & 0.005 cc volume resolution
Static or pulsating pressure application at up to
10 Hz
Flow velocities from 0 to 2,000 cc/min
300 cc to 800 cc capacities
Select from available models ranging from
1 to 10 MPa
Stainless steel construction mounted on steel
cabinets complete with calibration gauge, water
reservoir, vacuum pump, & necessary plumbing
Stiff construction for very low compliance
Turn-key pressure panel with de-airing tank,
vacuum pump, precision gage, etc

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Pressure Panel & Pressure-Volume Controller has
been designed for providing accurate system pressure or volume
control. The system uses hydraulic or pneumatic digital servo
control for maintaining the necessary test conditions for your
testing needs.

The durability of hydraulic/pneumatic control avoids vibrations,
achieves higher pressures, and is more durable and responsive
than conventional stepper motor devices. A pressure transducer
or external LVDT provides a direct feedback response used in the
control process. The PCP-2000 Pressure Panel includes all the
necessary components required for testing soils. System
operation is integrated with the easy to use GCTS software,
which has the flexibility to follow simple, or complex test
conditions. The system can be used to control confining, internal,
or back (pore) pressure.

Check with GCTS to determine material compatibility. Use of a
couple of these Pressure-Volume Controllers enables to perform
complete backpressure saturation, consolidation, and triaxial
loading procedures automatically without user intervention. Other
test procedures can also be fully automated using the included
electro-actuated ball valves.
SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

59
Fredlund Thermal Conductivity Sensor (FTC-100)

Digital design
Transmission of data over 100 m without affecting signal
quality
1 to 1,000 kPa range
5% accuracy*
Accurate for all soil types
Measurements are unaffected by soil water salinity
Moisture barrier protects electronics from unfavorable
moisture infiltrations
Special burial cable permits long-term installation in moist
environments
16-channel multiplexer accepts four or more types of
sensors including suction sensors
12V battery pack and a solar panel can be provided as
power supply

DESCRIPTION

The Fredlund Thermal Conductivity Sensor is an unsaturated soil sensor
for measuring soil suction and temperature in the field. The system
consists of ceramic-tipped sensors, a suction sensor controller
(datalogger), and a power supply. Typically, 16 sensors are included with
10 m (30 ft) of cable for each sensor. The datalogger consists of a 16-
channel multiplexer that can be connected to a laptop or PC. Power is
supplied with a 12-Volt battery pack and a solar panel.

The sensor tip has a miniature heating element and a
temperature sensor embedded in the center. The
heating curve of the sensor is obtained by sending a
controlled current to the heating element. The
temperature rise (DT) in the sensor after heating
depends on the water content of the sensor, which in
turn is a function of the surrounding soil suction.
Calibration curves developed in the laboratory are
provided to obtain the suction corresponding to field
measured DT.

SPECIFICATIONS

Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 to 1,000 kPa
Accuracy: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5%*
Cable Length: . . . . . . . . . . . . up to 100 m
Controller: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Channels
Power: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 VDC
Software: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windows based

SHIPPING (Full System w/ 16 Sensors)

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 kg
Dimensions: . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 x 60 x 60 cm

* Sensors calibrated in wetting only and for 500 kPa range.
60
61

Asphalt, Concrete & Other Construction Materials
Servo-Pneumatic Asphalt Testing System (ATM-010)

Advanced testing for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
Dynamic complex modulus, flow number, flow time,
indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue, and resilient
modulus tests
Electro-Pneumatic Digital Servo Control
Money saving solution for advanced HMA testing
Frequencies up to 60 Hz**
Modular design with accurate and easy to use
software and electronics
Meets the newest AASHTO (Superpave), ASTM,
and European (EN-12697-24,25,26) standards

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS ATM010 system is the moneysaving solution for
advanced HMA testing. It sports an electropneumatic modular
design allowing the system to be customized to meet the needs of
the user. It is the most costeffective asphalt testing system on
the market, giving the unparalleled bang for the buck!

The ATM010 can come with an optional environmental chamber
which houses the compact load frame along with the testing
module. The environmental chamber is highly reliable
temperaturecontrol device with potential range from 30 to
+150 C, and control variance of less than 0.5C. It also
includes a full size window for visual monitoring of the specimen
during the test.

At the core of the GCTS ATM010 is the SCON1500 digital
servo controller that can be configured with up to 8 universal
sensor input channels and 4 control output channels (28 inputs
and 8 control outputs with optional SCON2000). All signal
conditioning, as well as high-speed data acquisition and control
functions are done by the GCTS SCON unit and graphically
interfaced through CATS, the GCTS windows based software
running on a standard PC. The system is capable of performing
the full spectrum of HMA tests: dynamic complex modulus, flow
number, flow time, indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue and
resilient modulus. These tests are done with the appropriate
testing modules.

The different testing modules can be obtained after the initial
system acquisition at the same discounted price. In addition,
GCTS guarantees system upgrades in order to meet future
standards at no additional cost for up to five years!* This makes
the ATM010 truly the most cost effective testing system of its
kind.

* Free upgrades are limited to software updates and non-significant hardware
modifications

** Amplitudes at 60 Hz have to be verified

SPECIFICATIONS


62
Ser vo-Hydr aul i c Asphal t Test i ng Syst em (ATM-025)

Advanced testing for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
Dynamic complex modulus, flow number, flow time,
indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue, and resilient
modulus tests
Electro-Hydraulic Digital Servo Control
25 kN dynamic load capacity with optional 100 kN
static load Capacity
Frequencies up to 60 Hz
Modular design with accurate and easy to use
software and electronics
Meets the newest AASHTO (Superpave), ASTM,
and European (EN-12697-24,25,26) standards

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS ATM-025 Equipment is a modular system that can be
configured to test asphalt in a variety of modes. The system
includes an environmental chamber which houses the optional
accessories required to perform dynamic complex modulus, flow
number, flow time, indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue, and
resilient modulus tests.

The fully Integrated Digital Servo Controller has an embedded
microprocessor capable of performing all test functions even if the
Windows computer is turned off. It provides automatic dynamic
control mode switching between ant connected transducer or
calculated parameter. This controller also conditions all
transducers used in the ATM-025 system. This digital controller
is capable of updating the control loop at up to 6 kHz as is
required for high frequency dynamic tests. The GCTS controller
has several adaptive compensation techniques to improve the
control precision without user intervention. Adaptive control
allows the system to precisely match the desired cyclic stress
amplitudes throughout the tests.

The ATM-025 includes a sliding drawer to easily remove/install
test specimens minimizing the time the environmental door is
open. An optional 100 kN loader can be mounted underneath to
carry out static tests that require higher loads while keeping the
smaller 25 kN actuator for improved dynamic performance.

GCTS offers platens for unconfined dynamic modulus, triaxial
cells for testing 100 mm (4 inch) diameter specimens (cored out
of a 150 mm (6 inch), indirect tension and beam flexural Fatigue
fixtures. The above devices comply with the applicable
requirements of AASHTO, ASTM and European (EN-12697-
24,25,26) specifications for testing bituminous mixtures.

SPECIFICATIONS

63
Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System (MRT-300)

Advanced testing for soils and Hot Mix Asphalt
(HMA)
Electro-Hydraulic or Electro-Pneumatic Digital
Servo Control
Easy to use software for automatic test
performance
Meets AASHTO, SHRP and ASTM standards
Triaxial cells for specimens from 71 mm (2.8) to
150 mm (6) diameter
Available Indirect Tension fixtures to perform ASTM
D4123 and SHRP P-7
Complete turn-key systems

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Resilient Modulus and Asphalt Testing System boasts
a modular design which allows the system to be configured to test
asphalt and soil in a variety of modes. This system is based on
the GCTS SCON Digital Signal Conditioning and Controller and
can be supplied with pneumatic or hydraulic loader.

The GCTS Resilient Modulus software features built in AASTHO,
SHRP, and NCHRP test sequences, and the capability to specify
user defined sequences. Contact stress is automatically adjusted
according to the above procedures as selected. Available
waveforms include haversine, sine, square and triangular, along
with a user defined waveform selection. Optional peak & valley
compensation ensures proper and quick matching of the load
parameters. Real time displays of the prescribed versus actual
dynamic load or the dynamic deformation measurements by each
sensor are always present. Deformation ratio of the two sensors,
Rv (to ensure that the two deformation sensors are in agreement)
and Mr are also calculated in real time. During export, curve fitting
is done to fit the results to models that predict Mr as a function of
m, d, and CP (cell pressure). Four different functions are
calculated automatically (as required by AASHTO and NCHRP
procedures):

Mr = K1 (m)
K
2
Mr = K1 (d)
K
2
Mr = K1 (d)
K
2 CP
K
3
Mr = K1 Pa[(-3K6)/Pa]
K
2 [oct/Pa + K7]
K
3

For testing asphalt at different temperatures, an optional
environmental chamber can be provided. This chamber can
accommodate triaxial, indirect tension, beam flexural fatigue,
dynamic modulus and all the other testing fixtures GCTS offers.
Temperatures of 30 to +150C (with liquid nitrogen boost) can
be achieved with this option.

SPECIFICATIONS

AASHTO TYPE 2 Material Compaction Mold
64
Stand-Alone Beam Flexural Fatigue Apparatus (BFF-5)

Advanced testing for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) to
determine the pavement fatigue life
Stand alone apparatus with compact design, does
not require a Universal Testing Machine
Electro-pneumatic digital servo control
Frequencies up to 60 Hz*
Meets AASHTO, SHRP, ASTM and European EN
standards
Complete turn-key system

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Stand-Alone Beam Flexural Fatigue Apparatus is an
advanced Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) testing system used to
determine the fatigue life of the pavement layer. The fatigue life
is an important indicator of the field performance of asphalt
subject to repeated flexural loading. The fatigue test on the
asphalt beam can be conducted in two modes: constant
strain/deflection or constant stress/load; both utilizing haversine,
sine, square, triangular or user defined waveform. The constant
strain mode is recommended for thinner pavement layers (< 5
thickness); while in thicker pavements (> 5 thickness) constant
stress loading simulates the field conditions more closely. The
BFF-5 can perform the fatigue test in both modes at frequencies
up to 60 Hertz*.

The BFF-5 stand-alone apparatus is a self-contained system
featuring cradle support for the asphalt beam, clamps with
controlled clamping force, LVDT, strain gauge and servo-
controlled pneumatic actuators. The BFF-5 is controlled with the
GCTS Signal Conditioning and Control Unit (SCON-2000) which
is interfaced through Windows Computer Aided Testing
Software (CATS) package. The software automatically obtains
the fatigue life parameters such as: initial stiffness, maximum
tensile stress/strain, flexural stiffness, phase angle, dissipated
energy per cycle, cumulative dissipated energy to failure and
number of cycles to failure.

The standard beam fatigue test is performed at intermediate
temperatures of 20C (68F). GCTS offers an optional
environmental chamber capable of controlling the specimen
temperature throughout the test. The environmental chamber
control accuracy is better than 0.5C. Temperatures of 30 to
+150 (with liquid nitrogen boost) can be achieved with this
option.

* Amplitudes reduced at high frequencies. Also, amplitudes dependent on
material stiffness and compressed air supply. Please contact GCTS for
frequency response performance chart.
SCON-1500 with PC
65
Servo Controlled Superpave Gyratory Compactor (GRC-20)

Self-Heating molds for 4 and 6 diameter
Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) specimens.
Continuous positive feedback to maintain
gyration angle precision throughout compaction.
Closed-Loop servo control of ram pressure and
tilt angle.
Automatic material mass measurements.
High stiffness/Low compliance frame.
Measures shear stress.
Meets AASHTO 312-04 (Preparing and
Determining the Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor.

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Gyratory Compactor offers a high level of accuracy
while maintaining ease of use. The GRC-20 is a fully automated
servo-controlled compactor that provides a high productivity rate.
The servo controlled mechanism provides a high level of
accuracy for the tilt angle as well as the gyration rate and
start/stop position. The servo actuators are isolated from the
compaction area preventing any possible jamming from material
spills. All of the compaction parameters are microprocessor-
controlled. This allows user modifications of any parameter
through simple on-screen controls without any cumbersome
mechanical adjustment.

By introducing a self-heating mold with precise temperature
control, the GRC-20 compactor eliminates the need to keep and
handle multiple pre-heated molds providing an efficient and safe
operating environment. The self-heating molds eliminate the
handling of heavy and hot components for each compacted
specimen. The mold temperature is precisely controlled allowing
the user to specify the temperature during compaction. The
controlled temperature can be prescribed to be constant or
variable as a function of time during compaction.

Because the mold is rigidly fastened and self-heated, it not only
provides a high level of reliability, but eliminates the need to
purchase multiple expensive molds and large ovens to keep them
at the required temperature. GCTS offers molds for compacting
100 and 150 mm (4 and 6 inches) diameter specimens with
heights of up to 200 mm (8 inches). A wide hinged front door is
provided to facilitate changing molds with a few simple steps.

Once all the required compaction parameters (density, number of
gyrations, temperature, etc.) are set, the operator only needs to
push a button for each specimen compaction sequence. The
HMA material is weighed automatically and its mass entered into
the controller automatically virtually eliminating operator data
entry errors.

The GCTS GRC-20 is also capable of measuring the shear stress
required for compaction. Each specimens data is automatically
recorded in the GRC-20 memory for printing or transferring to a
Windows computer/network at any time.

This compactor, together with our pressure-controlled core drill
and lab saw are ideal for preparing specimens for Dynamic
Modulus determination and Simple Performance Tests (SPT).

SPECIFICATIONS

Normal load control: 0 - 18 kN (0 - 4200 lbs)
Normal Stress control: 0 1,000 kPa (0 150 psi)
Number of gyrations: 1 - 999
Gyration angle: 0.02 3.00 degrees (+/-0.02)
Gyration rate: 1 60 / minute
Maximum specimen height: 200 mm (8 inch)
Minimum specimen height: 50 mm (2 inch)
Power:
110 / 220 volts 50-60 Hertz Single phase (3.5 amps)
800-1,000 kPa clean, dry compressed air (10 SCFM min)
66

8/8/2005
Deformation Sensor Holder (IDT-DEF)

Use for Indirect Tension, Axial Loading,
and other tests
Fast and Easy to install
Ideal for static & dynamic testing of asphalt,
concrete, rock and other hard materials
Economical alternative to deformation gages

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS deformation sensor holders are an economical
alternative to expensive deformation gages. The IDT-DEF set
includes one transducer holder block, one transducer target block
and 20 brass studs that can be pre-glued on the specimens at the
desired gage length. The IDT-DEF sensor holder and target
blocks are mounted just before testing using a set screw. Extra
brass studs can be order for preparation of unlimited number of
samples. GCTS also offers installation fixtures for different testing
modes (indirect tension, uniaxial, etc.) for quick and precise
alignment and gluing the studs.

The standard transducer holder block accepts deformation sensors
with 0.375 inch (9.5 mm) diameter body. The standard target block
has a 1-72 threaded hole. For cross-measurements, slightly taller
transducer and target blocks are also offered.

SPECIFICATIONS

IDT-DEF-A
(1) IDT-105-SHORT (0.375) sensor holder
(1) IDT-106-SHORT (1-72 thread) target holder
(20) IDT-107 brass holder stud

IDT-DEF-B
(1) IDT-105-LONG (0.375) sensor holder
(1) IDT-106-LONG (1-72 thread) target holder
(20) IDT-107 brass holder stud
67

Asphalt Coring Machine (ACD-150)

1.5 HP electric motor with 12 adjustable spindle
speeds from 150 through 4,200 rpm
Drilling rate controlled by both pressure and speed
Rigid Multi-Column drill support frame to eliminate
ridges on specimen
Cored specimen contains no edge voids created
during compaction
Automatic down-feed mechanism with 250-mm
travel
Includes quick-latch specimen holder for coring
100 mm (4 in.) specimens from 150 mm (6 in.)
compacted samples
Wide variety of Coring Barrels to choose from
DESCRIPTION

swivel, drip pan, sample holder, and core barrels for coring 100
mm (4 inch) specimens. Other standard or custom barrels are
also available.

The main feature that sets this coring machine above any other is
the force/stroke control to optimize feeding rates for superior
performance when coring material, which is not homogeneous.
SPECIFICATIONS

1.5 HP electric motor with 12 adjustable spindle speeds from 150
through 4,200 rpm. Drilling rate controlled by both pressure and
speed eliminating the tendency for aggregates to move. 250-mm
travel. Includes 100 mm (4 inch) diameter diamond core barrel
for specimens up to 250 mm long. Rigid Multi-Column drill
support frame to eliminate ridges on specimen. Standard system
comes with your choice of cylindrical specimen holder for coring
specimens from 150 mm (6 inch) compacted samples. Optional
sample vise to hold prismatic samples. Hydraulic pump, water
swivel, drip pan, vise table, and motor head assembly also
included.

OPERATION

110 or 220 volts
(please specify when ordering)

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 kg.
68

8/8/2005
Specimen Lab Saw (RLS-100)

3 speed advancing rate (feed rate of specimen
being prepared).
Accepts up to 170-mm diameter core
specimens.
1 Horsepower electric motor (3 HP optional).

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Specimen Lab Saw has a power feed feature,
which automatically pushes the specimen into the saw blade
for an even, smooth cut. The Lab Saw can accommodate up
to 170-mm diameter specimen. The blade speed is
approximately 800 rpm and it is cooled either by water or
biodegradable cutting oil.
SPECIFICATIONS

Automatic rock core saw with three-speed hydraulic power feed
from 230 through 340 mm/hour and automatic cut off adjustable for
length of cut. Accepts cores up to 175 mm (7 inch) in diameter.
Includes 1 HP/220 Volt electric motor, metal hood with viewing
window, and 800 rpm approximate blade speed.

OPERATION

110 or 220 volts
(please specify when ordering)

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,220 kg.

OPTIONS:

RLS-18R
18" ROCK BLADE

RLS-18A
18" ASPHALT BLADE

RLS-18C
18" CURED CONCRETE BLADE

RLS-OIL-4
4 GALLON CASE OF ROC-OIL CUTTING FLUID

RLS-SSU
STAINLESS STEEL UPGRADE
This option allows water to be used as a coolant for the
saw blade. Recommended for cutting specimens that may react to
coolant fluids other than water.

RLS-MU
LAB SAW SPEED/MOTOR UPGRADE 3HP 220 VOLT
Please specify single or three phase voltage.
69

Dynamic Loading System (DLS-050)
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25
DISPLACEMENT, MM
WALL 111

Closed loop digital servo-controlled
50-ton load capacity
Static and dynamic loading at frequencies of up to
20 Hz
Deformation or load control with "on-the-fly-
bumpless" transfer
Allows simulation of earthquake loading through
"playback" function of prerecorded waves
Optional servo-controlled vertical loading system
Complete "turn-key" testing system
Other configuration and capacities also available

DESCRIPTION

This equipment was designed and developed for the investigation
of masonry wall behavior during seismic loading. It can also be
used to establish reduction factors to the elastic design spectrum.

Included with this system is the GCTS "state-of-the-art" digital
servo controller. The easy-to-use Windows software allows
application of cyclic loads using pre-defined functions such as
ramps, sine, triangular, random, etc., at frequencies up to 50
Hertz. It is also possible the application of user generated profiles
such as a digitized earthquake record with the "playback" function
of prerecorded waves.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

70

8/8/2005
Pull Out Test for Skin Friction and Rock Anchor Pullout Test (PFT-060)

Jack
Pump
Reaction Beam
Concrete Plug
Steel Plate
Millimeter Scale for
use with Transit or
Level
Pressure Gage
1
/
2
" Pipe Telltale

600 kN (60 Ton) pull out capacity
Large deformation capability
Concrete plug always subjected to compression
(not tension) during the loading
Reliable t-z curves are obtained
Optional A/D automatic data acquisition and load
control with USB interface
Windows 98/2000/XP software for automatic
testing

DESCRIPTION

One of the most difficult tasks in geotechnical engineering is the
determination of skin friction for piers. Even though several
procedures are widely used, these procedures typically yield a
wide range of values. This uncertainty leads to overly
conservative design values. When available, the design engineer
relies on past experience in the area with the local soils, to predict
the load capacity of a pile. Full-scale pile load tests, on the other
hand, are too expensive and time-consuming for routine design
purposes.

Pullout tests are the ideal alternative because of their low cost,
relative rapid execution, and reliability of results. The actual skin
resistance between concrete and in-situ soil can be measured at
different elevations within the soil profile. With the GCTS
Pullout Test System, tests can be performed either manually, or
automatically using an electric/gas pump
and computer. The greater certainty achieved from pullout testing
eliminates overly conservative design values, which in turn
reduces as-constructed costs. Experience has shown that these
savings far exceed the cost of pullout testing.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS

71

Universal Testing Machine (UTM)

10, 50, 100, and 250 kN capacity
Top or bottom mounted actuator
Electro-hydraulic or electro-pneumatic digital servo
controlled
Stainless steel and hard-anodized aluminum
construction
Stiffness up to 8.75 N/m (5x10
6
lbs/inch)
Optional automatic hydraulic cross-head lift
Larger load capacity frames are also available

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Universal Testing Machine is a very versatile system and
includes our state-of-the-art Digital Servo Controller and Signal
Conditioner. It allows the test setups to be made up of multiple
independent phases, with each phase having its own unique output
definition, data acquisition and data saving parameters. With these
capabilities, the user has full control over the test sequences
allowing him/her to program even the most complex testing
procedures

The GCTS loading frames are relatively lightweight but highly stable
and do not require a special foundation for their installation. The
standard load frame consists of two large, stainless steel threaded
columns with a hard-anodized aluminum cross head beam and a
large, thick bottom plate for stability. The bottom plate is threaded
for the two upright columns and for hold-down bolts to secure the
different test fixtures. The stainless steel nuts on the frame columns
can be used to easily adjust the height of the crosshead beam to
accommodate variable specimen or cell heights.

Optionally, hydraulic lifts can be supplied for easy crosshead
positioning. This option also includes hydraulic locks for automatic
crosshead locking.

These frames can be supplied with the actuator mounted on the
crosshead or underneath the table. A wide variety of load cells,
grips, extensometers, and other fixtures are available from GCTS.
These frames can also accommodate environmental chambers
and/or triaxial cells.

SPECIFICATIONS
Max .Daylight Opening
Model NoType..Load..Horizontal x Vertical (max)
UTM-010..Pneumatic. 10 kN...355 x 900 mm
UTM-050Hydraulic. 50 kN...355 x 900 mm
UTM-100...Hydraulic..100 kN..400 x 1,000 mm
UTM-250Hydraulic..250 kN.400 x 1,000 mm

Please contact GCTS for full specifications.
72

8/8/2005

Testing Accessories

73

LVDT Calibration Device (DCD-025)

Digital display readout
Spring loaded linear displacement (non
rotational)
User selectable SI or English units
25 mm (1 inch) travel range
0.001 mm (0.000050 inch) resolution
Measures absolute or relative displacements
Accepts LVDTs with 3/8, 3/4, and 7/8 body
diameter
Other sizes available upon request
Micrometer device has calibration certification
Easy to use...no special tools required

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS LVDT Calibration Device provides a very simple and
easy to use technique to accurately calibrate a wide variety of
LVDTs.

The readout is available in both SI and English units. The calibration
device does provide traceable calibration, which is required in
testing.

The device has an adjustable mounting bracket that can
accommodate LVDTs of most sizes.

SPECIFICATIONS

Resolution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 mm
Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 mm

SHIPPING

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . 8 kg.
Dimensions: . . . . . . 25 x 25 x 40 cm
74

8/8/2005
Temperature Control System (TCS-100)

-15C to +100 C adjustable temperature range
(-30 C optional)
0.5% temperature stability
Self-contained flow system
Built-in refrigeration system replaces liquid
nitrogen for low temperature settings
Cartridge heaters for elevated temperature
application
(2) thermocouples with signal conditioning
Digital temperature control

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Electrical Temperature Control System utilizes
state-of-the-art GCTS software to accurately control
temperature. This is achieved using advanced closed loop
control, which provides a very accurate, complete and
economical cooling and heating system.

A digital cascade pulsating algorithm is used to minimize
temperature overshoots and precise temperature control.

Measurements from (2) temperature probes are used in monitoring
and controlling the system temperature. The use of base and cell
heaters helps minimize temperature gradients within the cell, also
affecting the test specimen. The system has a built-in circulating
pump that provides even fluid distribution through the test system in
order to efficiently achieve the set point temperature.
Optional accessories are available in order to achieve -30C. The
temperature controller is integrated with the GCTS CATS software
package for the automatic recording and control of test
temperatures.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
75

Ultrasonic Velocity Test System (ULT-100)

Ultrasonic velocity measurements of
compression and shear waves in asphalt, soil,
rock, & concrete specimens
Digitally controlled pulser and receiver including
a switch to automatically select P- or S-wave
transducers
20 MHz sampling rate with 12-bit resolution
State-of-the-art software for data acquisition,
analysis, storage, plotting, & reporting
8-channel data logger for 10 VDC inputs
Available transducer platens for use inside soil
and rock triaxial cells
Easy to setup and use

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Ultrasonic Velocity Test System is a turnkey
system and includes everything required to perform Ultrasonic
Velocity measurements on laboratory specimens. The system
can be programmed to obtain a single measurement or
several measurements at prescribed times or any other test
parameter available.

The ULT-100 system uses a fast-acting pulser that provides
excitation to the ultrasonic sensor and an ultra high speed
Analog-to-digital converter for storing the resulting waveforms
signals. The sampling rate can be selected from 20 MHz to a
sampling rate as low as 156 Hz allowing the user to capture a
wide range of ultrasonic signals. With the Automatic gain
selection, which can be set from -22 dB to 20 dB, and the
Energy Output, Damping and Delay selections that can be
manipulated, the user is able to generate ultrasonic waveform
in many different scenarios. Also included within the ULT-100
is an 8 channel general purpose data logging device that
accepts 10 VDC signals for recording parameters such as
load and displacement. In addition, two 0-10 VDC analog
signals supply constant outputs proportional to the P- and S-
wave velocities for interfacing with external data loggers.

Within the CATS Ultrasonic software the user is able to digitally
control the receiver and pulser ensuring an easy setup and high
degree of repeatability

This system is provided with state-of-the-art software developed by
GCTS that allows the making of measurements automatically while
performing triaxial or unconfined shear loading. The system
includes two analog outputs (0-10 VDC) that are proportional to the
P and S velocities and can be easily connected to your existing data
acquisition or control system. Also integrated is a 16-channel data
logger and software to record DC signals from your test equipment.
One of these channels can be used to automatically correct for
specimen height changes during compression tests. P & S readings
can be automatically triggered at time intervals and/or any of the 16
DC input signals.

Included with this system is a set of combination platens designed
for both P and S wave velocity measurements. Available platens
include models for unconfined loading, soil triaxial loading, and rock
(high pressure) triaxial loading.

See the ULT-100 brochure for full specifications
76

8
P & S Ultrasonic Sensors (ULT-SNR)

Compression, shear, and bender elements
available
Fit inside most GCTS triaxial cells
Sealed electrical feed-through connectors for use
under water
Choice of crystal frequency (200 kHz and
1 MHz typical)
Complete ultrasonic velocity measurement
systems available

100-mm Diameter
Solid Soil Specimens
Embedded Compression Crystal
Protruding Bender Element

70-mm Diameter
Embedded Compression and Shear Crystals

100-mm O.D and 50-mm ID
Hollow Soil Specimens

70-mm Diameter

NX Platen for Rocks
Embedded Compression and Shear Crystal
77

Seismic Down-Hole Testing System (SRV-100)

6 Channel Receiver (user selectable gain
amplitude)
6 Channel Digitizing Board (100 kHz acquisition
rate & true 16 bit resolution)
32-bit stacking
GCTS Velocity Software
Real time digital filtering
PC based laptop
P-and S-wave transducers
Excitation hammer
Light weight + 12 volt DC operating power
Stainless steel construction of down hole
apparatus
Low cost
Carrying case

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS Down-hole/ Seismic Refraction System is a PC based
instrument that is very simple to operate. Some features include
advanced Digital Signal Processing and signal enhancement
including waveform stacking, filtering, and spectral analysis in real
time.

The software package offers a convenient graphical user
interface to measure P-and S-wave travel times and automatically
calculate wave velocities. More advanced analyses are also
possible with the use of sophisticated digital filters and spectral
parameters that can easily be obtained with a click of the mouse.
Special techniques are used in this program to correct or
eliminate time shifting of the filtered waveforms. Acquired data
may also be transferred to spreadsheet and database programs.
16-bit resolution coupled with state of the art software analysis
tools provide for an ideal Down-hole or Seismic Refraction test
system to measure in-situ compressional and shear wave
velocities.

Designed for 6" to 12" diameter bore hole sizes, but optional
accessories are available to accommodate smaller or larger
boreholes.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
78
8
Hydraulic Power Supply with Smart Controller (HPS)

Variable flow / constant pressure
Flow capacities from 3.8 LPM (1 GPM) to
400 LPM (105 GPM)
21 MPa (3,000 psi) standard pressure and
34 MPa (4,500 psi) optional.
208-480 VAC (3 phase) and 50/60 Hertz operation
Standard monitoring of pump fluid level, oil
temperature, filter condition, and 3-phase electrical
power (phase saver)
Large oil reservoir
Remote high/low pressure control
On-demand water cooling control (air cooling
optional)
Control software provides temperature prediction
and detailed diagnostic explanation of pump
conditions

DESCRIPTION

GCTS has developed a variable volume/ constant pressure
hydraulic power supply that will meet all of your testing needs
and provides built-in computer monitored safety features. These
high performance pumps adjust the flow rate according to the
demand, providing a very low operation cost in most testing
applications where periods of low flow demand are common. All
units include oil filter, high-pressure accumulator, heat
exchanger, oil pressure gauge, oil level gauge, and temperature
gauge. GCTS Hydraulic Power Units can be ordered to supply
flow rates as high as 400 liters/minute and working pressures up
to 34 MPa.

Added features include high/low pressure selection and an on
screen readout of the pumps fluid level, temperature, and
pressure. Preventative warning messages and instantaneous
shutdown of the pump is provided if a critical limit has been
detected. Time to reach critical limits, based on actual
temperature
and oil level trends, is automatically predicted by the software to
prevent pump shutdown during tests on important or expensive
specimens.

3-phase electrical power supply is continuously monitored to
prevent the pump from being damaged if only one of the
electrical lines fails (phase saver feature).

A system status screen is available which fully explains the
cause of a system shut down so that remedial action can be
easily taken. If a shutdown does occur, the self-diagnostic report
allows detecting and correcting the problem easily.

The GCTS system software is designed to provide instantaneous
calculation of the maximum system axial load based on the
effective area of the system actuator and the detected pressure
from the hydraulic power supply.

Also available are sound insulation enclosures and circulation
water chillers to reduce water use for cooling.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
79

Software & Electronics

80

8
Advanced Computer Aided Testing Software (CATS-ADV)

32-bit software compliant with Windows
NT / 2000 / XP
Remote monitoring of test through network
Easy to use & secure environment
Advanced servo control from any system sensor
or calculated variable with "on-the-fly bump-less"
transfer and adaptive compensation.
Advanced Temperature Control.
Independent and Synchronized control of up to
10 outputs.
Complete units library including SI, metric, English
and user defined units
Real time graphics of input channels
Supports sensors: DC, AC, SG, Thermocouple
and Counter
Third degree polynomial conversions from sensor
output in real time.
Calculated inputs in real time available for control
or monitoring.
Signal analysis tool showing the FFT of any
system signal on real time.
Up to 99 phases per universal test program
Waveform library including Ramp, Ramp + Dwell,
Sine, Triangular, Square, Random, and User
Defined - User-generated profiles such as a
digitized earthquake record
Frequency and Amplitude sweeping
Available software modules for triaxial, direct
shear, resonant column, consolidation, cyclic
loading, and others

DESCRIPTION

The new GCTS CATS Advanced 32 bit Windows software,
coupled with our new SCON electronics, is the most advanced
Testing software available today. This software has simplified the
operation of our instruments allowing the user to directly program
test calculated parameters in the units of interest (stress, strain,
etc.) based on the specimen dimensions. These parameters are
calculated in real time and are available for display, graph and/or
control. Since our new signal conditioning electronics are fully
digital, optimization and calibration settings are software
controlled. Alternate equipment configurations can be easily
saved within the software so that when a sensor has been
changed (such as a load cell or deformation transducer), the
software can be quickly updated with the new settings. The
system also utilizes automatic sensor recognition that will
automatically load the correct sensor information when the new
sensor has been connected. All the offset and gain settings are
managed by our computer software reducing the possibility of
accidentally or inadvertently changing the sensor calibration. The
CATS software includes a digital filter on the sensor inputs to help
eliminate noise from the digital signal.

All of our testing systems have been designed to take full
advantage of our new software and electronics so that all test
stages can be automatically performed from beginning to end with
minimal user intervention. Another advantage that provides
superior results is the advanced sensor calibration that can
include nonlinear conversion factors and/or automatic
environmental corrections applied in real time.

The Universal test module/stage of the CATS Advanced software
is a very versatile and powerful module that allows the user to
establish any test procedure that they wish. It allows the user to
simultaneously control up to 10 outputs (synchronous or
asynchronous) in any phase, and allows to user to run unlimited
phases or test programs.
81

Direct Shear Software Module (CATS-DSH)

Complete automatic test setup including Multi-
Stage procedures
Modification of stress or deformation rates during
testing
Automatic real-time specimen area corrections
Easy to setup and conduct direct shear tests
Automatic calculation of Friction Angle and
Cohesion Intercept for peak and residual values
Export data to Excel or other Windows
programs
Compatible with most soil & rock direct shear test
systems

DESCRIPTION

The new GCTS DSH software is part of the CATS 32 bit
Windows software, which coupled with our new SCON
electronics, is the most advanced Geotechnical software available
today. This software has simplified the operation of direct shear
systems allowing the user to directly program test calculated
parameters in the units of interest based on the specimen
dimensions. These parameters are calculated in real time and are
available for display, graph and/or control. The test parameters
include n - Normal Stress, Shear Stress, and Ac Corrected
Area. The software is able to handle cylindrical specimens with
circular, rectangular or elliptical cross-sections. The software can
also handle square and rectangular as well as irregular (user
defined) specimens, and is able to keep track of the specimen
area changes automatically.

The Consolidation stage allows the user to consolidate a
specimen. The Shear Loading stage is easy to setup and allows
the user to perform shear loading on the specimen while allowing
the user to change the stress and/or deformation rates for all of
the controlled axis (Shear and Normal axis) during testing. The
user can perform Normal Stiffness Controlled test with this stage,
either keeping the normal stiffness constant or making it a
function. If none of these stages fit the users need, the Universal
stage of the DSH module of the CATS software allows the user to
establish a custom test procedure. Direct Shear Multi-Stage test
programs can be easily defined and automatically executed.

After testing is done, the DSH module allows the user to calculate
the Friction Angle and Cohesion Intercept for user selected
samples. The software calculates and graphs both, the peak and
residual friction angles and cohesion intercepts.

The GCTS Direct Shear testing systems have been designed to
take full advantage of our new software and electronics so that all
test stages can be automatically performed from beginning to end
with minimal user intervention.

For the full specifications regarding the DSH software, please see
the Direct Shear brochure.
82
8
Resilient Modulus Software (TRX-MRT)

User-friendly Windows XP compatible
software for automated test control according to
AASHTO T 307-99, SHRP-P46SHRP P-46, as
well as user definable test procedures
User selectable waveforms (sine, haversine,
triangular, square, or user defined)
Automatic Resilient Modulus Model Fitting
o
( )
2
1
K
m r
K M =

o
( )
2
1
K
d r
K M =

o
( ) ( )
3 2
1
K K
d r
CP K M =

where CP = Cell Pressure
Export data directly to Excel or other
Windows programs
Compatible with most resilient modulus test
systems
Can be used by research, commercial, or
educational laboratories

DESCRIPTION

The new GCTS MRT stage software, part of the Triaxial Test
module of the CATS 32 bit Windows software, which coupled
with our new SCON electronics, is the most advanced resilient
modulus software available today. This software has
simplified the operation of our resilient modulus instruments
by allowing the user to directly program test calculated
parameters in the units of interest (such as stress) based on
the specimen dimensions. These parameters are calculated in
real time and are available for display, graph and/or control.
Example of test calculated parameters includes d - Deviator
Stress and a - Axial Strain.

The Resilient Modulus stage allows the user to either select
from one of the standard resilient modulus test programs, or
allows the user to setup a user defined test program (up to 30
sequences). The user has complete control over how many cycles
are applied in pre-conditioning and normal loading stages.

The Peak & Valley compensation allows the software to precisely
match the prescribed stress amplitude by adjusting the output to the
servo valve to compensate for differences in load amplitudes from
one sequence to another.

During testing, there is on the fly measurement of Rv (to ensure that
the two deformation sensors are in agreement) and Mr. During
export, curve fitting is done to fit the results to models that predict
Mr as a function of m, d, and CP (cell pressure).

The GCTS Resilient Modulus testing systems have been designed
to take full advantage of our new software and electronics so that all
test stages can be automatically performed from beginning to end
with minimal user intervention.

Resilient Modulus - Mr vs. Deviator Stress - Sd
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Deviator Stress - Sd (kPa)
R
e
s
i
l
i
e
n
t

M
o
d
u
l
u
s

-

M
r

(
M
P
a
)
41
28
14
Confininf pressure (kPa)
83

Soil Triaxial Software Module (CATS-TRX-SOIL)

Easy to setup and conduct triaxial tests
Back pressure saturation with B value
measurement
Isotropic and anisotropic consolidation including
Ko-Consolidation
Static and dynamic loading with stress/strain
path control
Multi-stage testing
Dynamic testing with frequency and/or amplitude
sweeping
15 Maximum stages of type: Saturation,
Consolidation, Static Loading, Dynamic Loading,
Resilient Modulus and Universal
Complete automatic procedures and reports
including Mohr-Coulomb model fitting
programs
User selectable units

DESCRIPTION

The new GCTS TRX Advanced software is part of the CATS 32
bit Windows software, which coupled with our new SCON
electronics, is the most advanced Geotechnical software available
today. This software has simplified the operation of our triaxial
instruments allowing the user to directly program test calculated
parameters in the units of interest (stress, strain, etc.) based on
the specimen dimensions. These parameters are calculated in
real time and are available for display, graph and/or control
Stress, U
ex
- Excess Pore Pressure,
a
- Axial Strain,
r
- Radial
Strain and
v
- Volumetric Strain (the TRX module contains 20
test inputs). The strains can be calculated from direct
deformations inputs, or can be calculated as functions of each
other the selection is user selectable.

The Saturation stage allows the user to back saturate a soil
specimen, while the Consolidation stage allows the user to
consolidate a specimen. The Static Loading stage is easy to
setup and allows the user to perform static loading on the
specimen while allowing the user to change the stress and or
strain rates for all of the controlled axis (Axial, Cell Pressure and
Back Pressure) during testing. The Dynamic Loading Stage
allows the user to easily setup a dynamic loading on the
specimen. If none of the predefined stages fit the needs of the
user, the user can run a Universal stage on the specimen. The
Universal stage of the TRX Advanced software is a very versatile
and powerful module that allows the user to establish any custom
test procedure that they wish. It allows the user to simultaneously
and independently control the three axis outputs in the test
program.

The GCTS Triaxial testing systems have been designed to take
full advantage of our new software and electronics so that all test
minimal user intervention.

For the full specifications regarding the Soil Triaxial software
module, please see the CATS-TRX-SOIL brochure.

84

Rock Triaxial Software Module (CATS-TRX-ROCK)

Test Module of the CATS software, which is a 32-
bit software compliant with Windows easy to use
and friendly Operating Systems
Automatic Mohr-Coulomb model fitting (Mohr
circles)
Complete automatic procedures
Isotropic and anisotropic consolidation
Static and dynamic loading with stress/strain path
control including Ko-Test
Multi-stage testing
Modification of stress or strain rates during testing
100 Maximum stages of type: Unconfined,
Consolidation, Static Loading, Dynamic Loading,
and Universal
Accepts radial, diametral, or circumferential
measurement devices
Easy to setup and conduct triaxial tests
programs
Compatible with most rock triaxial test servo
controlled systems
Can be used for research, commercial, or
educational geotechnical laboratories

DESCRIPTION

The new GCTS TRX-ROCK Advanced software is part of the
CATS 32 bit Windows software, which coupled with our new
SCON electronics, is the most advanced Geotechnical software
available today. This software has simplified the operation of our
triaxial instruments allowing the user to directly program test
calculated parameters in the units of interest (stress, strain, etc.)
based on the specimen dimensions. These parameters are
calculated in real time and are available for control, display and/or
graph.

Stress, a - Axial Strain, r - Radial Strain, v - Volumetric Strain,
Poissons Ratio, Tangent and Secant Modulus, etc. (the TRX
module contains 20 test inputs). The strains can be calculated
from direct deformations inputs, or can be calculated as functions
of each other the selection is user selectable.

This software includes an automatic procedure for setting the
initial ram contact with the specimen. The ram is first moved in
deformation control while monitoring the axial stress. As soon as
the ram gets in contact with the specimen, the system
automatically switches to axial stress control preventing
premature sample failure. This program also calculates the force
exerted on the ram by the confining pressure and automatically
corrects the axial load required to maintain the deviator stress
and thus preventing the ram from lifting while changing the cell
pressure.

The Static Loading stage is easy to setup and allows the user to
perform static loading on the specimen while allowing the user to
change the stress and or strain rates for all of the controlled axis
(Axial, Cell Pressure and Back Pressure) during testing. The
Dynamic Loading Stage allows the user to easily setup a dynamic
loading on the specimen. If none of the predefined stages fit the
needs of the user, the user can run a Universal stage on the
specimen. The Universal stage of the TRX Advanced software is
a very versatile and powerful module that allows the user to
establish any custom test procedure that they wish. It allows the
user to simultaneously and independently control the three axis
outputs in the test program.

The GCTS Triaxial testing systems have been designed to take
full advantage of our new software and electronics so that all test
minimal user intervention. For the full specifications regarding
the TRX Advanced software, please see the CATS TRX-ROCK
brochure.
Post-Failure Behavior of Rock Specimen
Test performed on a GCTS 10 MN/mm Stiffness Frame and Radial Strain Servo Control
A
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ia
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S
t
r
a
in
R
a
d
ia
l S
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
-0.5 0 0.5
Strain, %
D
e
v
i
a
t
o
r

S
t
r
e
s
s
,

M
P
a
85

Resonant Column/Torsional Shear Module (CATS-RC)

Compatible with most Resonant Column systems
Simple and easy to use
Ability to graphically determine resonant frequency
and damping ratio from free vibrations data
Ability to use accelerometer and/or proximitor(s)
for static and dynamic shear strain measurement
Automatically calculates the following test results:
Resonant Frequency (Hz)
Maximum Shear Strain
Shear Velocity (m/sec)
Shear Modulus (MPa)
Damping Ratio Free Vibration Decay (%)
Damping Ratio Half Power Bandwidth (%)
Predominant Frequency from Free Vibration
Data FFT Analysis (Hz)
Natural Frequency - from Resonant Frequency
and Phase Shift (Hz)
Natural Frequency - from Resonant Frequency
and Free Vibration Decay (Hz)
Natural Frequency - from FFT Frequency and
Free Vibration Decay (Hz)

DESCRIPTION

The GCTS CATS Resonant Column/Torsional Shear module is
part of our 32-bit Windows software, CATS (Computer Aided
Testing System), which is the most advanced geotechnical
software available today. This software test module has greatly
simplified the operation of instruments and conduction of the
resonant column test by allowing the user to directly program test
calculated parameters in the units of interest (such as strain)
based on the specimen dimensions. These parameters are
calculated in real time and are available for display, and/or
graphing. Use of calculated test parameters directly eliminates
complex and lengthy pre-calculations required in designing test
programs. This allows the user to concentrate on the material
behavior rather than on the electronics and equipment operation

The resonant column module test program is easy to setup,
where the user enters the starting frequency, the stop frequency,
the frequency step, and few other parameters, and the software
will conduct the test automatically without user intervention. At
the end of the test, the software calculates the specimen results
and the user can see the frequency sweep on how the resonant
frequency was determined.

The user can also see the forced vibrations data of the specimen
(at the resonant frequency), as well as the free vibrations data,
from which one of the damping ratios is determined

86

Point Load Test Software (PntLoad)

Automatic test execution, data logging, data
analysis, and test report.
Real time display of test results and statistical
results.
Optimized for mass-production of rock testing
Automatic specimen size measurement to
increase productivity and minimize errors.
Compatible with most laptop and PC computers
running Windows 98/NT/2000/XP.

DESCRIPTION

Load specimens one after another as fast as you can, and the
program will automatically measure the specimen diameter and
start/stop the test data logging based upon threshold load values.
During the test, there is real time display of the parameters (time,
load, deformation) and statistical results from all of the previous
specimens. Program is capable of deleting data based on
comparisons with previous data sets and the combined results
from the results graph.
The GCTS Point Load Test System is a convenient test system
that has been designed for ease of transportation through its
compact, lightweight aluminum construction. Included in the
system is a precise digital display to monitor axial load and axial
deformation in SI or English units. The system includes an
optional easy to use Windows software package that interfaces to
a laptop or desktop computer. The software was designed to
provide fast, automated testing. The software is able to
automatically log test data and statistical data analysis. Some
options that are available include an Ultrasonic Velocity package
(including platens and Ultrasonic software). This allows for
automatic collection of ultrasonic velocity data. An additional
option provided includes unconfined compression plates for
uniaxial testing.

.
87

Digital Signal Input and Control Unit (SCON-300)

850 MHz micro-processor with 64 MB RAM and
64 MB solid state disk.
4 kHz maximum loop rate (up to 100 kHz
conversion rate between channels.)
Adaptive digital servo control with Windows
(NT/2000/XP) interface software.
Accepts up to 16 10 VDC Inputs from external
signal conditioning units
16-bit resolution.
6 channels with 10 VDC outputs to servo
amplifier units
4 digital inputs and 4 digital outputs
Motor on/off control signal.
TCP/IP and RS-232 Communications

DESCRIPTION

The SCON-300 features an integrated 850 MHz microprocessor
based digital servo controller and includes the CATS Standard
software. This is a complete and self-contained module featuring
built in function generator, data acquisition, and digital I/O unit.
With the utilization of an external signal conditioning unit this
system can accept signal inputs from load cells, pressure
transducers, LVDTs, or other analog input signals.

Included with this system is a true 32-bit WindowsGCTS CATS
Standard software (Windows NT/2000/XP) Graphical User
Interface with a Universal Test module that allows you to create a
variety of wave forms. The standard system also includes
calculated inputs from one or several analog channels that can be
servo controlled or monitored in real time.

Any system sensor can then be used to provide advanced servo
control with "on-the-fly bump less" transfer switching between any
connected transducer or calculated inputs.

In addition, several programs are offered within the CATS
software environment including Triaxial Test, Direct Shear,
Resilient Modulus Test, Unsaturated Soil Test, Simple Shear
Test, etc. Contact GCTS for more information on available
application modules.

The SCON-300 is the most cost effective method to upgrade an
existing testing system to take advantage of the GCTS
WindowsCATS software, increasing the resolution of the
testing system by including 16 bit inputs. And, different
equipment configurations can be saved within the software
making it easy to change sensors like load cells or deformation
transducers.

The SCON-300 can be upgraded with the CATS Advanced
software, increasing the abilities of the testing system. Please
see the information regarding the CATS Advanced software for
more information.

SPECIFICATIONS

Electrical: . . . . . . . 90-260 VAC / 50-60 Hz
. . . . . . . . 3.5 Amps max.
.
Dimensions: . . . . . . 430 mm x 380 mm x 270 mm (WxDxH)
Wight : . . . . . . . . . . 14 kg.
88
Universal Digital Signal Conditioning and Control Unit (SCON-1500)

64 MB solid state disk
4 kHz maximum loop rate
16-bit A/D resolution and 100 kHz conversion rate
with track-and-hold
(98/NT/2000/XP) interface software
Accepts up to 8 DSB-111 Universal Digital Signal
Conditioning modules for load cells, LVDTs (AC
and DC), pressure sensors, or other analog input
signals
Automatic sensor recognition
Adjustable offset range: +/- 5 volts
Digital gain range: 1 to 2000 in 4096 steps.
+/-5 volt DC excitation.
5 Volt RMS @ 3 kHz AC excitation.
6-pole anti-alias filter with 0-100 Hz flat response
with less than 0.009 dB ripple and 60 dB
attenuation at frequencies above 1,500 Hz.
Accepts up to 4 servo amplifier or 10 VDC output
boards (DSB-121, DSB-122 and DSB-123 boards)
16-bit D/A resolution.
10 volt output board with 25 mA maximum
current (DSB-121).
325 mA maximum output (DSB-122).
325 mA maximum output with 15 VDC and +24
VDC power (DSB-123).
Null and Gain control.
4 digital inputs and 4 digital outputs
Watchdog timer to detect control program status
for automatic interlock shutdown
Motor on/off control signal and remote oil
temperature and oil level readouts as well as
power, motor and filter status feedback
Internal & external temperature monitoring

DESCRIPTION

based digital servo controller and includes the CATS Standard
Utilizing state-of-the-art Universal Signal Conditioning boards, this
system can accept load cells, pressure transducers, LVDTs, or
other analog input signals. Each channel features digital offset
and gain, 16-bit resolution, and anti-alias filter. This system
includes a 100,000 hertz A/D converter with track-and-hold.
Track-and-hold ensures that the converted values from all
attached sensors (load cells, deformation, etc.) represent a single
instant in time eliminating any data skew from delays in the A/D
converter.

The signal conditioning electronics are fully digital with settings
directly manipulated by the software. Different equipment
configurations are saved making it very easy to change sensors
like load cells or deformation transducers. At the same time, the
digital settings are protected from inexperienced users to
eliminate accidental modifications to sensor calibrations and
amplifications. In addition, the system incorporates automatic
sensor recognition that will automatically load the correct sensor
setup upon connecting or changing a transducer.

Included with this system is a true 32-bit Windows GCTS
CATS Standard software (Win 98/NT/2000/XP) Graphical User
Interface with a Universal Test module that allows you to create a
variety of wave forms. The standard system also includes
calculated inputs from one or several analog channels that can be
directly servo controlled or monitored in real time.


The SCON-1500 can be upgraded with the CATS Advanced
software, increasing the abilities of the testing system. Please
see the information regarding the CATS Advanced software for
more information.

SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage: . . . . . . . . 90-260 VAC / 50-60 Hz
Current:. . . . . . . . .3.5 Amps max.

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . 17 kg.

89
Universal Digital Signal Conditioning and Control Unit (SCON-2000)

128 MB solid state disk.
6 kHz maximum loop rate
300 kHz conversion rate between channels with
track-and-hold to eliminate data skew between
channels.
(98/NT/2000/XP) interface software.
Accepts up to 24 DSB-111 Universal Digital Signal
Conditioning modules for load cells, LVDTs (AC
and DC), pressure sensors, or other analog input
signals.
Automatic sensor recognition.
16-bit (+/-0.003%) resolution.
Null and Gain digital control.
Digital gain range: 1 to 2000 in 4096 steps.
5 Volt RMS @ 3 kHz AC excitation.
6-pole anti-alias filter with 0-100 Hz flat response
with less than 0.009 dB ripple and 60 dB
attenuation at frequencies above 1,500 Hz.
Accepts up to 8 servo amplifier or 10 VDC
output boards (DSB-121, DSB-122 and DSB-123
boards).
10 volt output board with 25 mA maximum
current (DSB-121).
325 mA maximum output with 15 VDC and
+24 VDC power.
8 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, and 48 bit digital
counter.
Watchdog timer to detect control program status
for automatic interlock shutdown.
Motor on/off control signal and remote oil
temperature and oil level readouts as well as
power, motor and filter status feedback.
Internal & external temperature monitoring.
DESCRIPTION

based digital servo controller and includes the CATS Advanced
Utilizing state-of-the-art Universal Signal Conditioning boards, this
system can accept load cells, pressure transducers, LVDTs, or
other analog input signals. Each channel features digital offset
and gain, 16-bit resolution, and anti-alias filter.

The signal conditioning electronics are fully digital with settings
directly manipulated by the software. Different equipment
configurations are saved making it very easy to change sensors
like load cells or deformation transducers. At the same time, the
digital settings are protected from inexperienced users to
eliminate accidental modifications to sensor calibrations and
amplifications. In addition, the system incorporates automatic
sensor recognition that will automatically load the correct sensor
setup upon connecting or changing a transducer.

Included with this system is a true 32-bit Windows GCTS
CATS Advanced software (Win 98/NT/2000/XP) Graphical User
Interface with a Universal Test module that allows you to create
an unlimited variety of wave forms including user generated
profiles such as a digitized earthquake record. The standard
system also includes calculated inputs from one or several analog
channels that can be directly servo controlled or monitored in real
time.


SPECIFICATIONS

Electrical: . . . . . . . . 90-260 VAC / 50-60 Hz, 3.5 Amps max.

Weight: . . . . . . . . . .37 kg.
90

Digital Servo Control Upgrade

Upgrade old analog equipment to a computer-
aided geotechnical test system
Extensively increase system capabilities
Utilize your existing hydraulic power unit, servo-
valves, and sensors for a cost effective digital
upgrade
GCTS triaxial cells and pressure intensifiers can
be added to your upgrade

DESCRIPTION

Currently available testing systems capable of performing
advanced tests are expensive and very complex in their
operation. Most of these systems use the servo valve together
with a closed-loop analog servo controller to apply the necessary
test loads. They require experienced operators and good
maintenance support. Since they have many electronic and
mechanical components that require elaborated setup, usually
operation is performed by the same person, limiting the number of
research studies. Because of their inherent complexity these
systems easily break down and, especially at remote sites, they
experience long down times waiting for the parts and service
personnel to get them back on line. Because these advanced
testing systems have been mostly adapted from generic materials
testing apparatus, performing realistic testing programs for soils
or rocks is difficult if not impossible to achieve.
It is now possible to use microcomputers to perform all of the
testing tasks, from data acquisition, to command generation, to
close-loop test control.

These systems, classified as "Direct Digital Control", no longer
require the use of an external servo controller, and allow
complete integration of the test program with the control system.
There are several advantages to using computers in control
systems. Complex control algorithms can be implemented and
changed easily because the algorithm is created in the software.
This enables programs to control advanced testing systems in a
more precise way than the analog controllers allow. The program
can be designed in a modular fashion to allow an easy
implementation of application test modules to perform different
tests. Each test module can be programmed to handle specific
test requirements that are otherwise difficult to perform. These
specific requirements may include, for example, the transfer of
control from stress to strain at a particular test stage.

Available GCTS software modules include triaxial, direct shear,
permeability, resilient modulus, ultrasonic, and a universal
program for custom applications.

SPECIFICATIONS

Contact GCTS
91

Products Not Featured in this Catalog

SOIL TESTING SYSTEMS

Large-Scale Direct Shear
Large-Scale Cyclic Soil Triaxial
Geo-membrane Testing Equipment
Unsaturated Soil Direct Shear
Unsaturated Soil Resonant Column

ROCK TESTING SYSTEMS

Large Scale Direct Shear
Poly-Axial (Cubical)
Creep Testing Frames

ASPHALT AND OTHER TESTING SYSTEMS

Indirect Tension
Shaking Tables

In addition GCTS has a skilled engineering team that can design
and manufacture any specialized testing equipment. Contact
GCTS to obtain a customized proposal for your testing
requirements.

92

Contact Information
Factory: 6103 S. Maple Av.
Tempe, Arizona 85283
U. S. A.
Mail: P.O. Box 23686
Tempe, AZ 85285
U. S. A.
Phone: (480) 456-0110
Fax: (480) 456-4727
E-mail: sales@gcts.com
Web: www.gcts.com
1998-2009 Geotechnical Consulting & Testing Systems, L.L.C.

GCTS Catalog

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GCTS 2010 CATALOG

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