STM32 Seminar

STM32 Wi l STM32 Wireless

COMPEL/STM Seminar COMPEL/STM Seminar
November 2010
Seminar Agenda
Overview of ST Microcontroller Portfolio
Introduction to Cortex-M Core
STM32 General Purpose Lines
Product-Line Overview (F100/F101/F103)
Walk through the main peripherals
ST Standard Peripheral Library
Live demonstration of the STM32 Value Discovery Kit
STM32 LowPower Line STM32 Low-Power Line
Product-Line Overview (L15x)
Low-Power modes and consumption
Specific Peripherals
STM32 Connectivity Line STM32 Connectivity Line
Product-Line Overview (F105/7 & next)
Ethernet & USB Host Peripherals
Third Party Stacks
Audio Support pp
STM32 Wireless
Product-Line Overview (W108)
RF Performances
Wireless Stacks (Zigbee, RF4CE, proprietary)
STM32 Tools
Third Party Compiler & IDE
Boards and Debuger
ST Libraries
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
2
STM32W - an open architecture
for wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensor network domains
Healthcare,
assisted living
Security
Shock sensor, anti theft,
Rehabilitation,
balance control
Sport and fitness
Sport monitoring
Shock sensor, anti theft,
anti intrusion
Sport monitoring,
pedometer, fall detection
In-network distributed computation
Industrial
Reduce data transmission
Increase network lifetime
Vibration and tilt
remote measurement
Infrastructure
monitoring
Buildings, bridges
Games and remote
control
Energy
management
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
Consumer control
control
Smart metering
Open flexible reconfigurable platform p g p
MAC interface
Kernel
SoC IEEE 802 15 4 SoC IEEE 802.15.4
Proprietary
- Remote control
- Home automation
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
STM32W IEEE 802.15.4 radio
Microcontroller
ARM Cortex-M3 core architecture
IEEE 802.15.4 2.4 GHz radio
Transmitter: 2-point direct synthesizer modulation
Receiver: lowIF super heterodyne architecture
Embedded memory (eFlash 16kx64, SRAM 4kx16)
Receiver: low IF super heterodyne architecture
Digital baseband DSP and MAC support
-100 dBmsensitivity and up to 7 dBmoutput power
Networking Networking
ZigBee compliant PRO and RF4CE stacks
128-Kbyte Flash for stack and apps codes
IEEE 802.15.4 simple MAC library
Peripherals
Oth
Peripherals
AES encryption HW accelerator
Debug channel via J TAG
USART, SPI, IC, 24 GPIOs
Other
Compatible with SN2xx series
QFN48 and QFN40 packages available
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
STM32Warchitecture overview
32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 core running @ 24 MHz
128-Kbyte Flash, 8-Kbyte RAM
Fully IEEE 802.15.4 compliant radio @ 2.4 GHz
Power management
D l d 1 A ith RAM t ti Deep sleep mode <1 A with RAM retention
On-chip debug support
ARM J TAG/SWD
Packet trace interface enables remote monitoring
of radio messages
ARM memory protection unit
To detect erroneous software accesses
Sl ti t hd ti d GP ti Sleep timer, watchdog timer and GP timers
AES 128 encryption acceleration
Serial communication (UART/SPI/IC)
GPIO GPIO
ADC (6 channels, first order 12 bits sigma delta)
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
Power management modes g
Native Cortex-M3 sleep mode is a perfect foundation
to implement several STM32Wsystemlowpower modes to implement several STM32W system low-power modes
Low-
frequency
32 kHz
High-
frequency
24 MHz
Power
Mode Regulators
frequency
10 kHz RC
oscillator
crystal
oscillator
frequency
12 MHz RC
oscillator
crystal
oscillator
Power
consumption
Deep sleep 2 off off off off off 0.4 A
Deep sleep 1 off off optional off off 0.8 A
Standby on on optional off off 2 mA
Active at 12 MHz on on optional off on 6 mA
Active mode Sensitivity
Rx
current
Tx current Tx current
Radio peripheral
dBm mA mA at 0 dBm mA at -32 dBm
-100 20 24 15
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
STM32WRF peripheral STM32W RF peripheral
9
Radio block diagram
LNA ADC
Receiver
IF LNA ADC
RF_P,N
Baseband
IF amp
PA
PA
Lower
MAC
RF_TX_ALT_P,N CPU
prescaler divider VCO
Sigma-
delta
DAC
Transmitter
Baseband
GPIO[21]/
TX_ACTIVE
PA select
prescaler
PFD
loop
filter
divider VCO
HF
OSC
OSCA
OSCB
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10
Analog receiver features
Low IF super heterodyne receiver
Input RF signal is mixed down to the IF
frequency of 4MHz by I and Q mixers.
Output of the mixers is then filtered and
combined by a polyphase bandpass filter y p yp p
Sampling by a 12 Msps dedicated ADC.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
11
Analog transmitter features
Synthesizer using a 2 point modulation scheme.
It modulates the division ratio using sigma-delta
fractional N technique and the VCO directly
using a varactor.
The 4.8GHz VCO signal is then divided by 2 and g y
amplified by the on chip PA.
2 on-chip PAs: 2 on chip PAs:
One is used to combine the transmitter output with the
receiver input pins. receiver input pins.
The other is support using an external high power PA.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
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Baseband
The receiver is a conventional coherent PSK architecture. It
generates a coherent reference at the IF frequency, locked in g q y,
frequency and phase to the incoming signal. The preamble period of
the 802.15.4 signal is used to achieve frequency, phase and chip
timing and symbol timing lock with the received signal.
The receiver demodulates at the chip level making hard decisions
before despreading.
The receiver DSP operates down to a signal to noise level of 1 dB The receiver DSP operates down to a signal to noise level of 1 dB
out of the ADC.
Tx baseband spreads the 4-bit symbol into its 802.15.4 defined 32-
chip sequence chip sequence.
It also provides the interface for software to calibrate the Tx module
to reduce silicon process, temperature, and voltage variations.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
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Lower MAC
CRC generation, appending and checking
Hardware timers and interrupts Hardware timers and interrupts
DMA memory control
Preamble, sync word and length generation and prepending
Add iti d k t filt i Address recognition and packet filtering
Automatic acknowledgement transmission
Automatic transmission of packet from memory p y
Automatic transmission after backoff time if CSMA clear
Automatic acknowledgement checking
Ti t i f i d t it Time stamping of receive and transmit messages
Attaching packet information to receive packets
Pseudo random number generator for backoff slots g
15.4 timing and slotted/unslottedtiming
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Radio other features
Dedicated ADC for calibration
Hardware packet trace interface
Hardware AES128 block
True random number generator based on
thermal noise in the analog circuitry thermal noise in the analog circuitry
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
15
MB851 Application Board / Ref Design
GND
C1
100n
C2
100n
C3
100n
GND
C4
10uF
C13 C12
GND GND
C10
8pF
+1V8
GND
C11
100nF
GND
C6
10nF
GND
C5
10nF
GND
R1
10R
GPIO10
GPIO11 GPIO12
GPIO00
GPIO04
GPIO01
GPIO05
GPIO02
GPIO07
GPIO03 GPIO06
GPIO19
GPIO09
GPIO20
GPIO18
D1
LED
D2
LED
R3
1k
R4
1k
J TCK
nRST
+VBATAAA
+
1
-
2
AAA BT1
AAA-SCK1
+VBRD
1 2
3 4
5 6
P3
Header 3X2
+VISA
+VBRD
+VBRD
+VUSB
GPIO21
D4
DIODE
D3
DIODE
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13 14
15 16
17 18
19 20
21 22
P2
C13
18pF
C12
18pF
X1
24MHz
R2
nc
1
V
4
5
V
4
6
O
4
7
3
7
3
8
3
9
4
0
4
1
4
2
4
3
4
4
36
O
4
8
IC1
STM32W108
+1V2
J TCK
GPIO14
GPIO15
GPIO17
GPIO13
GPIO16
GPIO08
G
P
IO
1
4
G
P
IO
1
5
G
P
IO
1
7
G
P
IO
1
3
G
P
IO
1
6
GPIO08
GND GND
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
P1
Debug/Trace
GPIO04 GPIO05
nRST
GPIO18
GPIO19 GPIO16
GPIO20
+VISA
+VBRD
21 22
23 24
25 26
27 28
Header 14X2
D5
TSHF5210
R12
10R
L2
5n1
1
5
4
2
3
+
-
T1
WE748-422-245
E1
AN0835
L1
2n7
C16
15p
C15
nc
4 2
1
GND
3
FLT1
WE748351124
C14
22nF
GND
GND
GND
GND
VDDA
1
VDDA
2
RF P
3
RF N
4
VDDRF
5
RF TX ALT P
6
RF TX ALT N
7
VDDIF
8
BIAS R
9
VDDA
10
GPIO19
34
GPIO20
35
GPIO5
27
VDDPADS
28
GPIO6
29
GPIO9
30
GPIO10
31
J TCK
32
GPIO18
33
V
D
D
A
V
D
D
A
O
S
C
BV
D
D
P
A
D
S
G
P
IO
1
7
V
D
D
M
E
M
G
P
IO
1
6
G
P
IO
1
5
G
P
IO
1
4
G
P
IO
1
3
V
D
D
C
O
R
E
GPIO8
36
O
S
C
A
C17
8p2F
GND
GPIO10
GPIO08
GPIO05
GPIO06
GPIO09
GPIO20
GPIO18
1
U2
1
G
2 3
G
4
G
5
V
6
U1
ST: LIS302DL
GND GND
12
J P4
Header 2
C23
100n
C22
100n
GND GND
Debug/Trace
GND
J TCK
GPIO19
GND
J 1
MCX
+VBRD
L3
nc
C31
nc
C30
nc
C29
nc
GND GND
GPIO12
Q1
BC846
R13
1k
GND
R14
10k
X2
R7
180K(1%)
GND GND
GPIO21
11
G
P
IO
2
2 1
3
G
P
IO
2
3 1
4
V
R
E
G
O
U
T
1
5
V
D
D
P
A
D
S
1
6
V
D
D
C
O
R
E
1
7
G
P
IO
7
1
8
G
P
IO
1
1 1
9
G
P
IO
1
2 2
0
G
P
IO
0
2
1
G
P
IO
1
2
2
V
D
D
P
A
D
S
2
3
GPIO3
25
GPIO4
26
RSTB
12
G
P
IO
2
2
4
EPAD
+1V2
C7
10nF
GND
G
P
IO
G
P
IO
G
P
IO
G
P
IO
GPIO04
G
P
IO
G
P
IO
GPIO03
NC
1
GND
2
Vout
3
Vcc
4
GND
5
ST: STLM20W87F
V
d
d
_
IO
G
N
D R
e
s
e
rv
e
d
G
N
D
G
N
D
V
d
d
CS
7
IN
T
1
8
IN
T
2
9
G
N
D
1
0
G
N
D
1
1
S
D
O
1
2
S
D
A
/S
D
I
1
3
SCL/SPC
14
GND
GND
C24
100n
R6
470
GND
GPIO02
GPIO01
C27
4.7uF
C26
100n
C25
100n
+VUSB
GPIO21
R9
Byp
3
Vout
4
Vin
5
Shdn
1
GND
2
U3
LKF1112
2 2
1
6 6
1 2 5 6
1 2 2 2
A K
Rst
SW-PB
32.768kHz
C19
22pF
C20
33pF
GND GND
C8
10nF
C18
1uF
GND GND
R5
10K
C9
10nF
R8
1R
C21
2.2uF
GND
+1V8
S1
SW-PB
O
1
2
O
1
1
O
0
7
O
0
0
O
0
1
O
0
2
nRST
Vbus
1
D-
2
D+
3
ID
4
GND
5
J 2
+VBRD
GND GND GND GND
GPIO10
GPIO09
PWRoff
R9
10k
C32
100n
GND
R10
VCCIO
4
VCC
20
USBDM
16
USBDP
15
NC
8
RESET#
19
NC
24
RTS#
3
RXD
5
RI#
6
DCD#
10
DSR#
9
CTS#
11
TXD
1
DTR#
2
IC2
2 1 2 1
2 1
6 6
6
6
1
2
1 2
3 4
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
1 2
2 2 2 1 2 1
1
2 1
13
14
10 9 8
7
11 12
1
2
A K
5 4
3 2 1
10nF
GND
GND
6
USB_MINIB
GND
C28
100n
GND GND
PWRoff
R10
0R R11
0R
GPIO05
OSCI
27
A
G
N
D
2
5
G
N
D
1
8
G
N
D
2
1
T
E
S
T
2
6
CBUS4
12
CBUS3
14
CBUS1
22
CBUS0
23
OSCO
28
3V3OUT
17
CBUS2
13
FT232R
1
2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 1
1 2
1 2
2 1
2 1
3 2
4 1
2
1
49
1 2 2 1
1 2
1 2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1 2
1 2
1 1
2 1
2 1
1 2
2 1
2
2
A K
A K 2 1
2 1
1
1 2 6 5 4 3
2 1
2 1
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
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1
2
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10 8 6 4
9 5
2
1 3 7
0 0
2 2
1
2 1
1 2
Product specificities: RF design
Antenna matching is very dependant on PCB substrate
- Copy paste only valid if same material is used (even manufacturer)
- Specific equipments needed Spectrum Analyzer, RF Network Analyzer
200 differential
1 4
T1
WE748-422-245
E1
L1
TBD
4 2
FLT1
WE748351124
C14
RF P
to 50 single
Can be done in
discrete
L2
TBD
5
2
3
+
-
ANT
C16
TBD
C15
TBD 1
GND
3
TBD
GND
GND GND
RF N
GND
C17
8p2F
GND
Need to be tuned
for max power
Band pass filter
Antenna
matching
GND
VDD RF
Can be done in
discrete
At 2.4GHz, speed of light is
not anymore negligible.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
17
C7
10nF
GND
y g g
Gerber RF part topview
Minimized
space
between
components
50
trace
Vias a
long RF
trace
long RF
path for
good
ground
Best
g
Would be
straight
here. In
200
Differential
our design
we had not
the space
d i
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
18
difficult
to do it.
Stacks and Tools Stacks and Tools
STM32W software libraries
i
b
r
a
r
y
Customer application
Network layer
( ti l)
ZigBee PRO stack
Customer application
RF4CE network
layer
l
i
b
r
a
r
y
Customer application
15.4 simple MAC
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

l
(optional)
ZigBee PRO stack
(including standard
peripheral library)
and ZRC profile
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

15.4 simple MAC
Simple MAC application
STM32W
ZigBee application
STM32W
RF4CE application
STM32W
Application profiles
Customer code
- Smart energy (SE)
- Home automation (HA)
- Consumer (CERC) Silicon
Libraries
provided by ST
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
ZigBee PRO Stack Features
The ZigBee PRO stack uses Stochastic Addresses for node addressing The ZigBee PRO stack uses Stochastic Addresses for node addressing
and Mesh (next-hop) routing x delivering messages.
Many-to-One/Source Routing and Asymmetric Link Handling allow Many to One/Source Routing and Asymmetric Link Handling allow
setting large networks (up to thousands of nodes)
Advanced network encryption and device security features allow setting
more secure networks.
Frequency Agility feature allows the entire network to change channels
if some interferences occur if some interferences occur.
Fragmentation feature allows handling large messages delivery.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
21
Public Application Profiles
Building Automation defining devices for large commercial buildings
and networks and networks.
Smart Energy Management defining products that enhance energy
management and efficiency for consumers Consumers will remotely management and efficiency for consumers. Consumers will remotely
control their homes and manage their energy use.
Personal Home Health Care Monitoring of personal health in the g p
home environment.
Home Automation defining devices for typical residential and small
i l i t ll ti commercial installations.
Telecom Application Wireless applications within the telecom area.
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
22
ZigBee Stack Size benchmark
Current application sizing
S S S SN250 SN250 STM32W
New compiler
Smallest App 78466 70619 63557
Base HA App 89100 80190 72171
Base HA plus Link Keys 99772 89795 80815
B SE ECC 13272 101945 91750 Base SE w ECC 13272 101945 91750
Notes: End device configuration save 7KB g
40 to 60KB free for application SW!
TI Z-Stack CC2430 (8051)
Coordinator/Router 116 kB Flash 7 kB RAM Coordinator/Router - 116 kB Flash, 7 kB RAM
End Device - 99kB Flash, 3.8kB RAM
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
23
ZigBee RF4CE / Home Entertainment
Control
Today with IR Today with RF
Line of sight transmission No line-of-sight or field of vision limitations Line of sight transmission
Decades-old technology
Short transmission distance
Many consumers want devices hidden
Field of vision limitations
Remote needs to be pointedat IR receiver
No line of sight or field of vision limitations
Control components behind walls or in cabinets
Control over extended ranges
Remote needs to be pointed at IR receiver
Unidirectional unacknowledged transfers
Unreliable communication
Cannot send information to remote control or between
components (DTV, set top box, etc.)
Bi-directional capability
Reliable communications
Send program guides, playlists stock quotes, etc to
remote/components
Allows for communications between devices
Over-the-air firmware updates possible
Remote locator
Technology Challenge
Pl DTV t i hi hf i t th t b t t IR
Faster more reliable communications
T it d til i d Plasma DTV contains high frequency inverter that obstructs IR
signals
LCD back lighting saturates DTV IR receiver
Transmit commands until received
Many times faster response than IR
Enables enhanced user interfaces
Touchpad or pointing capability
Power consumption 802 15 4RF consumes 25%of the power used by IR Power consumption
Multiple redundant transmissions for each command
Higher TX power required to avoid interference created by
plasma/LCD screens
802.15.4 RF consumes 25% of the power used by IR
solutions
Requires manufacturer-specific IR databases Allows for true interoperability between vendors products
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
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Each product has its own commands
Requires larger memory for storing lookup tables
ZigBee RF4CE Technical Overview
Based on 2.4 GHz MAC/PHY IEEE
802 15 4standard 802.15.4 standard
Networking layer is thin, flexible and future-
proof
APPLICATION
OEM
Co-exists with other 2.4 GHz technologies
Support for interoperability
APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
ZigBee
RF4CE
Net ork
PROFILES
Support for secure communications
Power save mechanisms implemented in
network layer
Network
&
Profiles
POWER SAVE POWER SAVE
TOPOLOGY TOPOLOGY
NETWORKING LAYER
SECURITY SECURITY
CHANNEL AGILITY CHANNEL AGILITY
MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
PAIRING PAIRING
Simple and intuitive pairing mechanism
Allow for vendor specific applications and
transactions
PHY LAYER
MAC LAYER
IEEE
802.15.4
transactions
Support for many different applications
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
25
ZigBee RF4CE Node Types
Two Nodes Types
Target Node
Network Startup
Full PAN Capability
Accepts or declines a pairing request Accepts or declines a pairing request
Makes decision on operating channel (frequency agility)
Controller Node
Initiates pairing and discovery process to Target Nodes
Implements frequency agility
On-demand communication
ZigBee RF4CE Network Supports
Multiple PANs
Participation in multiple networks p p
Low power Power Save mechanism built into network stack
Supports multiple transmission options
Support for multiple application profiles
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
26
ZigBee RF4CE Network Topology
PAN 3
TV RC
DVDRC
DVD
DVD RC
PAN 1
Multi-function
RC
TV
Target Controller
CD RC
PAN 2
CD
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
27
27
node node
STM32W development tools p
Infrared RF application board
RF extension
Read
;;;;;;
Sniffer
Analyser
USB
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
STM32W in a nutshell
Highest performance
Industry-leading RF performance Industry leading RF performance
Network performance highest throughput, lowest latency for routing, security
computations
Enhanced battery life by 25%+ y y
Application code space
ZigBee PRO stack 20%+ smaller than best-in-class previous product
generation, plus architecture provides more usable Flash generation, plus architecture provides more usable Flash
1.5 times higher code efficiency than 8-bit core based solutions available on
the market
Power consumption
I d t t d d l di
Power consumption
1/3rd less active current than 250/260 series, combined with core efficiencies,
results in longest battery life in industry
Industry-standard, leading core
High performance, standard tools, powerful debug capabilities
Part of largest ARM Cortex-M3 product family: STM32
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
Thank you y
Integrated 2.4 GHz radio MCU enables
efficient and low-cost wireless network efficient and low-cost wireless network
implementation
STM32Wis a ZigBee certified platform(PRO Stack) STM32W is a ZigBee certified platform (PRO Stack)
STM32W is a ZigBee RF4CE certified platform
STM32W is an IEEE 802.15.4 certified platform
Please visit: www.st.com/stm32w
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
Thank You !
STM32 Semi nar November 2010
31