Chapter 14

Plant reproduction and

growth
1. How do we call plant male
sex cells?
We call plan male sex cells
pollen grains

2. How do we call plant
female sex cells?
We call plant female sec cells
Egg cells
3. Colour the plant part so that
you can part them.
4. Flowers
Pant part Function
Sepals

they protect the flower in the bud
Petals

attracts insects
Nectar

nutrient for the insect
Stamens

male sex organ
Makes the pollen
Carpels

Female sex organ

Ovule

The ovule contains the (female) egg cell.
5. Do all plants have the same
basic plan?
Yes, all plants have the same basic plan.
There are many different types of flowers.
Each have there own shapes and numbers of
petals, stamens and carpels.
6. Explain why there are
differences in:
Colour
Because certain colours attract different kind of
insects/animals.
Petal arrangements
The petal arrangements are made that an insect gets
the pollen on his body.
Number of stamens
The number of stamens depend on the plant species
and if they are insect- or wind pollinated.
Number of carpels
The number of carpels depend on the plant species
and if they are insect- or wind pollinated.

7. What is pollination?
Pollination is
The transfer of pollen from the anther of a
flower to the carpel of a flower
from the same specie!!

8. Carpel
9.
Pant part Function
Stigma

The landing place for the pollen
Style

Joins the stigma to the ovary
A pollen tube grows down the style after
pollination.
Ovary wall

Protects the ovary
Ovule

Inside the ovula is the eggs
Egg cell nucleus

Contains the genetic information of the plant
(halve of it)
Micropyle

10. In what ways do flowers
attract insects?
Flowers attract insects by
The colourful flowers
The nectar inside the flower.

11. Why does the insect reach
down into the first flower?
An insect will reach down into the first
flower to get the nectar.

12. How does the insect carry
pollen to the second flower?
An insect carries the pollen to others
flowers because it sticks on the body of
the insect.
13. Where does the insect
leave the pollen in the second
flower?
The insect needs to leave the pollen on
the stigma of the plant
14. Why do the anthers hang
outside the flower?
The anthers of a wind pollinated flower
hang outside the flower so that the wind
can pick up the pollen.
15. Why are the stigmas so
large and feathery?
So that there is a bigger chance that a
pollen can land on it.

16. Why is so much pollen
made?
So that there is a bigger chance that a
pollen reaches a stigma.

17. Why is the pollen so
light?
The pollen is so light because the wind
has to carry it.

18.
Insect flower Wind flower
Petals Colourful, fragrant , and big green and small
Anthers inside the flower, but under the
stigma
hanging outside the flower
Stigma inside the flower, but above
the anthers
large and feathery
Pollen sticky an d a small amount lots of, smooth, light
19. What is self-pollination
The pollen from the anthers of one flower
lands on the stigma of the same flower.
20. What is cross-pollination
The pollen from the anther of one flower
lands on a stigma of another flower of the
same species.

21.
Arrow 1 = self-pollination
Arrow 2 = cross-pollination
Arrow 3 = self-pollination
Arrow 4 = no pollination
22. What happens in
fertilisation?
A pollen nucleus joins with an egg
nucleus
23. What is a pollen tube?
A pollen tube is a tube that is formed after
pollination by a chemical reaction. It goes
down the style to the ovary, ovule the
micropyle and then the egg.

24. What do you think the
fertilised egg grows into?
The fertilised egg grows into a embryo

25. What do you think the
ovule grows into?
The ovule grows into a seed
26. What do you think the
ovary grows into?
The ovary grows into a fruit.


28. Why do the petals fall off
after fertilisation?
They have done there job (attracting
insects)
29. Each seed is made up
of?
Each seed is made up of:
The embryo
A food store
Testa (a seed coat)

30. What is the function of
the fruit?
The function of the fruit is to spread the
seeds dispersal

31. Name the three ways a
fruit can be spread.
Three ways to spread fruit are:
By the wind
By an animal
Self-dispersal
32. What is germination?
Germination is
when the embryo begins to grow.

33. What is a radicle?
A radicle is a new root.

34. What is a plumule?
A plumule is a new shoot.

35. Where do the plumule
and the radicle get there
food from when there are
no leaves?
They get there food from the food store.
(part of the seed)

36. What is photosynthesis?
The process in a plant so that it can makes
its own food.
carbon dioxide+water+LIGHT
glucose+oxygen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSHmwIZ9FNw
37. What is a cotyledons?
A cotyledon is the food store in a bean
38. What are the conditions
for germination?
The right conditions for germination are:
Water
So that the seed van swell and burst open.
Oxygen
For respiration
Respiration:
oxygen + glucose carbon dioxide + water + energy
Warmth
Needed for proper growth

39. How does a animal
grows?
An animal can grow because of the cell
division in its body.

40. How does a plant
grows?
A plant can grow because of the cell
division.

42. What is auxin?
Auxin is a hormone made in the shoot tip
and root tips.

41. Where does the growth
takes place in a plant?
Mainly in the root tips and the shoot tips.

43. What is the function of
auxin?
Auxin stimulates the shoot to grow and
causes the cells to elongate.
Auxin prevents side-shoots forming when it
passes back from the tip of a stem.

44. What is tropisms?
A growth response from a plant.
A response can be to things like light,
gravity and water.
45. What is phototropism?
A response to light.
45. What is meant by
positively phototropic?
When a shoot grows toward the light.

46. What is geotropism?
A response to gravity.


47. What is positively
geotropic?
When something grows toward the gravity.

48. Which part of a plant
are positively geotropic?
The part of the plant that is positively
geotropic are the
roots

49. What is negatively
geotropic?
When something grows in the other
direction of the gravity.

50. Which part of the plant
is negatively geotropic?
The part of the plant that is negatively
geotropic are the
shoots.