International Journal for Research in Technological Studies

ISSN: - Applied (Online) Vol-1, Issue - 1, Dec 2013

Page | 29 Copyright IJRTS www.ijrts.com

Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for 14GHz of Ku Band
Application
Vijaykumar V. Chodavadiya
1
, Shivani S. Aggarwal
2

1,2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering, RK.University,
Rajkot, Gujarat, India
1
chodavadiyavv@gmail.com
2
shivani.aggarwal@rku.ac.in

Abstract:- Microstrip Patch Antenna is designed for 14 GHz
of Ku band (12 to 18 GHz). The proposed antenna on a Teflon
substrate with dielectric constant 2.1. At 14GHz the verified
and tested result on CST Microwave Studio by CST STUDIO
SUIT are Return loss = -43.09db, VSWR = 1.0141,
Directivity = 6.8dbi, Gain = 6.6db, Bandwidth=727MHz
(5.2%), Efficiency=97.05%, all results shown in simulation
results.
Keywords:- Microstrip Patch Antenna, Ku band, CST
Microwave Studio
I. INTRODUCTION
This Microstrip antenna have been one of the most innovative
topics in antenna theory and design in recent years, and are
increasingly finding application in a wide range of modern
microwave systems [2]. Microstrip antennas (MSA) offer
many attractive features such as low weight, small size, ease
of fabrication, ease of integration with Microwave Integrated
Circuits (MIC) and can be made conformal to host surface.
However, they suffer from low gain, narrow bandwidth, low
efficiency, and low power handling capability [3]-[5]. In some
applications, such as in government security systems, narrow
bandwidths are desirable [3]. This proposed antenna has
rectangular patch used. The rectangular patch is by far the
most widely used configuration. It is very easy to analyze
using both the transmission-line and cavity models, which are
most accurate for thin substrates [3].
II. ANTENNA DESIGN
A. Mathematical Analysis

The design of the proposed antenna is shown in Fig.1. The
design of the proposed microstrip patch antenna was modeled
using the classical equations [3].

w =
c
2fr

2
r+1

Substituting. c = 3 x 10
8
m/s, r=2.1, fr =14GHz

W = 8.6mm

reff =
r+1
2
+
1
2
1 +12

1
2

Substituting h = 0.8mm
reff = 1.9281
= (0.412)
+0.3(

+0.264)
0.258(

+0.8)
L =
c
2fr reff
2l
L=7mm
B. Antenna Description



Fig.1. Top view of the Microstrip Patch Antenna

The proposed microstrip patch antenna at 14 GHz on
Teflon dielectric substrate simulated with CST MW STUDIO
simulator. Proposed antenna has good gain and bandwidth
achieved if L is reduced from 7mm (theoretical) to 6.9mm
and feed position change to Xf=1.3mm in X direction.
The antenna is being excited with the coaxial feed point
located at distance dx and dy from the centre of the patch. The
following table gives the design parameter specifications of
the Microstrip Antenna.
TABLE 1
DESIGN PARAMETER SPECIFICATIONS OF THE
RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA

Dielectric Constant of the Substrate
(r)
2.1-Teflon
(PTFE)
Height of the dielectric substrate (h) 0.8mm
Height of Patch and Ground (t) 0.035mm
Effective dielectric constant (reff) 1.9281
Width of the patch (W) 8.6mm
Length of the patch (L) 7mm
Design Frequency(fr) 14GHz
Length extension (L) 0.4mm
Effective patch length ( Leff ) 7.8mm
Feed location (Xf, Yf) (1.3mm, 0mm)
Co-axial Cable Type Inde P-Trim
Inner Diameter of feed 1.2mm
International Journal for Research in Technological Studies
ISSN: - Applied (Online) Vol-1, Issue - 1, Dec 2013

Page | 30 Copyright IJRTS www.ijrts.com


III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The simulated return loss (S1,1) of the proposed antenna is
depicted in Fig 2. The graph shows the maximum return loss
of -43.095dB at the resonant frequencies of 13.995 GHz. =
14GHz. The graph also depicts that below -10dB the antenna
attained the bandwidth of 727MHz which is 5.2%.
The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the proposed
antenna shown in Fig 3. It can be observed from the result that
the VSWR value is less than 2 for whole operating band,
which considered as suitable for the antenna.


Fig.2. Return loss (S1,1) of the proposed antenna

Fig.3.VSWR of the proposed antenna



Fig.4. Far field radiation directivity of proposed antenna


Fig.5. Far field radiation gain of proposed antenna

Fig.4. and Fig.5.depict far field radiation directivity and far
field radiation gain of proposed antenna respectively.
Directivity and Gain is 6.8dBi and 6.6dB respectively.
Beanwidth is 80.2at 3dB. Table 2 shows the summary of
results of the microstrip patch antenna.

TABLE 2
MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA PARAMETERS


IV. CONCLUSIONS
The proposed frequency range at 14GHz and analysis
Radiation Characteristics of microstrip patch antenna by CST
STUDIO SUIT. The proposed antenna on a Teflon substrate
with dielectric constant 2.1. At 14GHz the verify and tested
result on CST Microwave Studio by CST STUDIO SUIT are
Return loss = -43.095dB, VSWR = 1.0141, Directivity =
6.8dBi, Gain = 6.6dB, Bandwidth(at S1,1<-10dB and
VSWR<2) =727MHz (5.2%), Efficiency=97.05%, Beam
width at 3dB = 80.2all results shown in simulation results.
The future scope of work is to achieve good gain, directivity
and bandwidth for complete Ku-band Frequency (12-18 GHz)
by modifications in design and making array of the same
proposed patch antenna by Use of other bandwidth
enhancement techniques to get the Ultra wide band of
proposed antenna.
REFERENCES
[1] CST Microwave Studio by CST STUDIO SUIT Version
2010.00.
[2] D. M. Pozar, Microstrip Antennas, Proceedings of
IEEE,Vol. 80, No. 1, January 1992.
[3] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design,
3
rd
Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
[4] G. Kumar and K. P. Ray, Broadband Microstrip
Antennas, Artech House, Inc, 2003.
[5] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip
Antenna Design Handbook, Artech House, Inc, 2001.
[6] S.K Dubey, S.K.Pathak and K.K.Modh, "High gain
multiple resonance Ku-band microstrip patch antenna,
Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), IEEE,
Vol.1, No.3, pp.18-22, Dec. 2011.
[7] H.Parikh, S.Pandey, and K.Modh, "Wideband and high
gain stacked microstrip antenna for Ku band
Return loss (S1,1) -43.095dB
Directivity(D) 6.8dBi
Gain (G) 6.6dB
Radiation Efficiency() 97.05%
International Journal for Research in Technological Studies
ISSN: - Applied (Online) Vol-1, Issue - 1, Dec 2013

Page | 31 Copyright IJRTS www.ijrts.com

application, Engineering (NUiCONE), 2012 Nirma
University International Conference, Vol.1, No.5, pp.6-
8, Dec. 2012.
[8] O.M.Khan, Z.Ahmad, D.Q Islam, "Ku Band Microstrip
Patch Antenna Array, Emerging Technologies, ICET
International Conference on, Vol.35, No.40, pp.12-13,
Nov. 2007.