Bibliography: Secondary Sources

ABC7 News. WLS-TV. Non-profit Strives to Empower Latina Women. ABC7 News. ABC
Inc., 15 Sept. 2009. Web. 10 Jan. 2014.
This video is a second-hand account provided by ABC7 News. The purpose of this source is to
explain what MLEA is and what it has accomplished throughout the years. Something that was
unique about this source was that there was a woman who was part of MLEA and because of MLEA
her life was brought back together. This source will help in my project with the significance today
and the long term effect.

Brambila, Raul. Mujeres Valientes. Los Lobos and Friends. 1976. Vinyl recording.
This song is about revolutionary Latina women. The part that I focus on this song is where Raul sings
about Latina women fighting for freedom and how they are revolutionary women. They inspire people
and no matter what the obstacle is, Chicanas continue to fight until they get what they ask for.

Chicanas of 18th Street, Narratives of a Movement from Latino Chicago. Dir. Mary Ann. Perf.
Magda Ramirez-Castaneda. Newberry Library, 2012.
This video is a secondary source speaking one of the Chicana women, who lived on 18
th
street in Pilsen.
Throughout this video the speaker, Magda Ramirez Castaneda, speaks about the Latino struggles in
Pilsen. Most importantly she speaks about Latina women struggles and how each Latina fought for their
rights. This source is important because it helps build my historical context and helps know why MLEA
formed.
"Comisin Femenil Mexicana Nacional, Inc.." UC Santa Barbara Library. The Regents of
the University of California, n.d. Web. 19 Dec 2013.
<http://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/cfmn>.
This document is a second hand account from UC Santa Barbara Library. The purpose of this article
is to explain the Comisin Femenil Mexicana Nacional, which is an organization of women who
enhance and promote the image of Chicana/Latina women in all levels of society. The Comisin
supports the Chicana/Latina and promotes her issues from birth to her future careers and aging.

"Domestic Violence." Mujeres Program. Mujeres Latinas En Accion, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
This source is a second hand account written by the organization MLEA. The purpose of this project
is to explain why the domestic violence (DV) program was created and what MLEA does to help
protect women who are victims of D.V. This source will help me because it will support my
argument. Something that was helpful about this project is that there was images that will help me
put in my website.

"Exploring the Chicana Feminist Movement." The Birth of Chicana Feminist Thought.
University of Michigan, 14 Dec. 2007. Web. 13 Jan. 2014.
This article is a second-hand account provided from the University of Michigan. The purpose of this
article is to explain about the thoughts of Chicana women throughout the Chicana Women feminist
movement. Chicanas believed they deserved the right to be independent and express themselves
freely. This source will help me in my project because it gives information that will help me develop
my historical context. This also explains why MLEA has made many programs that help women
become independent and become leaders in their home and community.



"Exploring the Chicana Feminist Movement." What I s the Chicana Movement? University of
Michigan,.14 Dec. 2007. Web. 08 Jan. 2014
This document is a second-hand account, from the University of Michigan. The purpose of this
source is to explain about the Chicana women Feminist movement and how it began and what Latina
women were fighting for. This source will help me in my project because I might know why MLEA
was created and was proposed to help Latina women get the rights they deserved. This article will
help me build my historical context and be able to explain what was going on before MLEA was
created.

Fernandez, Lilia. "Women's Activism and the Founding of Mujeres Latinas En Accion." Brown in
the Windy City: Mexicans and Puerto Ricans in Postwar Chicago. 239-61. Print.
This book is a secondary source written by Lilia Fernandez. While reading Brown in the Windy City, I
focused on a chapter of the book which spoke about MLEA forming in Pilsen. This chapter speaks about
people who were against MLEA and its flaws as well when it first began. In the beginning of this chapter,
Fernandez writes about what influenced Mujeres to form and towards the end she speaks about how its
significant and how these Latina women inspired many other women to be leaders.

Flanagan, Maureen. "Feminist Movements." Encyclopedia of Chicago. The Encyclopedia
of Chicago, n.d. Web. 12 Dec 2013.
<http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/444.html>.
This article was written by Maureen Flanagan and this article is considered a secondary source. The
purpose of this document is to be able to explain the feminists movements that made gender equality
and went against gender discrimination in economic, political, and social structures. Many of the
movements spoken about in this article had taken place in Chicago, inspired by other movements
leading across the country.

Gayton, Neusa, and Marala Goode. "Latinas and Sexual Assault." Mujeres Latinas en Accion.
Mujeres Latinas En Accion, n.d. Web. 12 Dec 2013.
<http://www.mujereslatinasenaccion.org/userfiles/images/Documents/LatinaPortrait
LatinasandSexualAssault.pdf>.
Latinas and Sexual Assault is a secondary source, written by Neusa Gayton and Marala Goode. Both
of these women are part of the organization, Mujeres Latinas en Accion. The purpose of this article is
to focus on Chicago area Latinas to address their experiences with sexual violence and to explain
why a lot of sexual abuse is happening to Latina women. This article also explains how the
organization, Mujeres Latinas en Accion, helps the Latina women in Chicago to feel safe and
empower many of these women.

Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment." Supreme Court Drama: Cases That
Changed America. Daniel E. Brannen, Jr., Richard Clay Hanes, and Rebecca Valentine.
Ed.Lawrence W. Baker. 2nd ed. Vol. 3: Equal Protection and Civil Rights (Part 1).
Detroit:U*X*L, 2011. 699-706. Student Resources in Context. Web. 9 Dec. 2013.
This article is a secondary source and was written by a group of people, Daniel E. Brannen, Jr,
Richard Clay Hanes, and Rebecca Valentine. Ed. Lawrence W. Baker. This document explains how
women were being discriminated in the United States throughout the 1870s through the 1960s. The
purpose of this document is how women were trying to gain their equal rights through the 14th
amendment of equal protection of the laws but the U.S government did not consider them under
the amendment until the 1970s.



"History." Mujeres Latinas en Accion. Mujeres Latinas En Accion, n.d. Web. 15 Dec 2013.
<http://www.mujereslatinasenaccion.org/Home/about us/history>.
This document is a secondary source written by the organization Mujeres Latinas en Accion
(MLEA) to explain the organizations history. The purpose of this source is to tell how the
organization began and why it also began leading to many events that are very significant to MLEA.

"Latina Leadership." Mujeres Program. Mujeres Latinas En Accion, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
This source is a second-hand account provided by the organization Mujeres Latinas en Accion. The
purpose of this source is to explain the reasoning of the creation of Latina Leadership and what
women are taught through this program. This source will be helpful because it will help support my
argument telling the audience what happened that made MLEA so successful.

"Latino Rights." Boundless. Boundless. Web. 16 Dec 2013.
<https://www.boundless.com/u-s-history/the-sixties-1960-1969/the-expansion-of-the-
civil-rights-movement/latino-rights/>.
This source is a second hand account written by an organization named Boundless. The purpose of
this article is to explain The Chicano Movement which was part of the American Civil Rights
Movement of the 1960s and 1970s. It sought political empowerment and social inclusion for
Mexican-Americans who are also known as Chicanos. Throughout this article, it also speaks about
Mexican-American civil right activists who led several major victories.

"Life in Pilsen." Life in Pilsen. Web. 20 May 2014
This is a photograph of Pilsen, Chicago. This picture is a secondary source representing the neighborhood
MLEA wanted to transform through advocacy and social programs.

Maria Pesqueira, President of Mujeres Latinas en Accin at NCLR Awards Gala. Youtube, 2010.
This source is a second-hand account from the website YouTube named Maria Pesqueira, President
of Mujeres Latinas en Accin at NCLR Awards Gala. The purpose of this video is to show the
significance MLEA still has in the city of Chicago and how they are still working through their
programs to develop Latina women into leaders in their community. This also video also
acknowledges important people and participants that have influenced MLEA.

Mujeres Latinas en Accion. YouTube, 2012.
This source is a second-hand account from the website YouTube titled Mujeres Latinas en Accion.
The purpose of this source is to explain the history behind MLEA and how MLEA serves the Latina
Women in the Pilsen Community. This video shows also some significance in the beginning of the
video showing that MLEA has been helping three generations till this day.

Pratt, Gregory. "Pilsen Nonprofit Helps Latina Women, Families." Chicago Tribune. N.p., 24
Dec. 2013. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.
This source is a second-hand account written by Gregory Pratt. The purpose of this source is to
explain about the many programs MLEA offers to help Latina women and their families. This source
will be helpful because it helps me identify the significance today.


Proyecto J uventud. YouTube, 2009.
This source is a second-hand account from the website YouTube. The purpose of this video is to
explain what the Proyecto Juventud is and how they help Latina young girls from the Pilsen
Community. This program offers academic services, sexual help workshops and healthy teen
relationship programs. This is important because the Latino youth in Pilsen should be given the
attention to avoid problems like teen pregnancy.


Quihubo. Perf. Agustin Lira. Library of Congress, 2011. Music Performance.
The song that Agustin Lira performed is a secondary source. This song speaks about the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo. The key part of the song that I focused on was the part where Agustin states that
Americans had broken the promise they made, as a return for the given land to America, which was once
part of Mexico. America promised Mexican-American cultural rights, justice and liberty for the
indigenous people but it was never given to them. With this source, I connected it to my historical context
because it relates to the Chicanos fighting for their equality. Latinos are fighting for rights in the U.S; part
of the land which once belonged to them.

Reyes, Maritza, Alessandra Stevens, and Claire Spaulding. "Latina Portrait: Domestic
Workers." Mujeres Latinas en Accion. Mujeres Latinas En Accion, n.d. Web. 11
Dec 2013.<http://www.mujereslatinasenaccion.org/userfiles/images/Publications/Latina
Portrait_Domestic Workers.pdf>.
This source is a secondary source written by three women named, Maritza Reyes, Alessandra
Stevens, and Claire Spaulding writing about latina women who are domestic workers in the United
States. The purpose of this document is to explain the type of domestic work there is in the U.S and
how many of the women who work as a domestic worker are latina women. They work to support
their family and work as much as they can because most women as stated in the article are a single
mom or are undocumented women.

Rojas, Jessica, and Taja Lindley. "Latinas and Sterilization in the United States." National
Women. National Women, n.d. Web. 19 Dec 2013.
<http://nwhn.org/latinas-and-sterilization-united-states>.
This document is a second hand account written by two women named, Jessica Rojas, and Taja
Lindley.In addition; both of these women are part of the National Womens Health Network. The
purpose of this source is to explain about the Surgical sterilization, primarily used by Latina Women
in the United States. This document also describes the case known as Madrigal v. Quilligan, in 1978,
where the judge ruled against the women stating that the doctors had acted in good faith and without
intent to harm. With the lost of this case, many women were speaking out and brought public
awareness to this situation.

Saf'a, Helen. "Women's Social Movements in Latin America." Amherst . Sage
Publications, Inc., 28 01 2009. Web. 16 Dec 2013.
<https://www.amherst.edu/system/files/media/1629/women soci mvt LA- Safa.pdf>.
This document is a second hand account written by Helen Safa, who is from University of Florida,
and this document was from database JSTOR. The purpose of this article is to explain the increasing
participation of poor women in social movements in Latin America, focusing on movements centered
on human rights and the supplement of public services. This article also describes the influence many
women received by the feminist movements, to also begin their own organizations and start their
own movements in Latin America.

"The Chicano Civil Rights Movement | Library of Congress." The Chicano Civil Rights
Movement | Library of Congress. Library of Congress. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
This document is a secondary source from the Library of Congress speaking about the Chicano Civil
Rights Movement. The purpose of this video is to explain the reasoning behind the Chicano movement.
The article mentions different reasons why different Latino ethnicities were fighting for their civil rights.
This source is important to my research because it helps know the historical context and know why
Latinos were fighting for equality.