1.

planning of cycle track for urban settlements

2. ribbon development along expressways
3. corridor development
4. accident pattern in delhi
5. role of driver behavior on accidents
6. strategies for encouraging nmt modes
7. rapid metro
8. traffic calming strategies in urban settlements
9. multi modal transportation system in delhi


2-page detail for each topic..
Title of the research
Introduction
Need for the study
Objectives
Relevant Literatures
List of reference




























Title of the Research
Road Safety Scenario in Urban Areas, Case Study - Delhi

Introduction
The heavy toll of deaths, injuries and property damage in motor vehicle
accidents on roads is a problem all over the world. All statistics over the past
20 years show a consistent upward trend in fatal accidents and injury
accidents that are directly related to number of vehicles on roads.

Need of the study
With an upward trend in fatal accident scenario, there is an urgent need to
understand accident pattern in urban areas.

Objectives
To provide in depth understanding of accident characteristics involved
in fatalities.
To analyze the current accident pattern and character in the case
study area.
To find appropriate policies and strategies relevant to planning,
engineering and management of transport system to maximize safety.

Related Literature
Accidents - ?
Factors affecting Accidents
o Road related factors
o Vehicle related factors
o Human Characteristics
o Environmental related factors
Accident distribution in Delhi
o Profile (Network Characteristics, level of service, traffic
characteristics etc.)
o Accident trends
o Accident Classification
By Road users
Vehicles involved
o Comparison with other cities


List of References
Statistical Handbook, Delhi


Title of the Research
Strategies for encouraging Non-Motorized Transport in Urban Areas

Introduction
Most of the developing cities are striving hard to improve their transport
situation. In this course several new transport investments are being made
such as implementing rail based mass transit systems, bus based systems
and also improving the road conditions and even expansion of existing road
space. In this urgency of improving the urban transport system, one
particular yet a very important part of the whole urban transport fabric is
often overseen or neglected feeling it is not important. This sector is the|
Non-Motorized Transport (NMT). A broad definition of NMT would be any
kind of transport system that would not rum on a motor. Some such
examples are walking, cycling, rickshaws etc.

Need of the Study
Increase in Automobile ownership and usage.
Rapidly worsening traffic congestion and thus decreasing mobility.
Effect on Environment causing Air and Noise Pollution.
Non-motorized modes like cycling and walking has become extremely
risky, since these modes have to share the same right of way with
motorized modes.
Population growth, cities have tended to sprawl and increased travel
distances have made non-motorized modes impossible to use.

Objectives
To provide in depth understanding of importance of Non-Motorized
Transport.
To analyze the current transportation scenario in urban areas
To study and provide various strategies to improve and encourage
Non-Motorized Transport.


Related Literature
Studies done on assessing the NMT scenarios in various cities.
Ways to improve and encourage non-motorized transportation






Title of the Research
Traffic calming strategies in urban settlements

Introduction
Indian cities are characterized by heterogeneous traffic (mix of non-
motorized and motorized mode) and mix land use patterns. Urban streets
characterized Indian neighborhoods and spaces used for multiple purposes
by heterogeneous travel modes. The existing road designs are not able to
meet the conflicting need of various modes. It requires re-ordering of
transportation priorities to redesign our urban spaces. There is a need to
safely accommodate pedestrians and cyclist on city streets without shunting
them to inferior paths. It includes setting more exclusive space for public
transport and giving pedestrian and bicycles priority over cars at certain
places. One of the major principles of such design is to make motorized
traffic move with less variation in speeds.

Need of the Study
In setting our sights at calming the urban settlement, it should be aimed at
establishing a more equal relationship between people and vehicles. The
benefits of reducing the speeds of traffic include the following
Reducing the no. of severity of road accidents.
Improving safety and convenience for vulnerable road users such as
pedestrian cyclist and people with disability.
Reducing noise and air pollution.
Determining non-essential traffic from sensitive areas.

Objectives
To Review the prior techniques utilized for accessing traffic calming.
To identify the problem of urban settlements
To identify the sequence of activities in traffic calming.

Related Literature
What is traffic Calming
Traffic calming measures
o Vertical deflection
o Horizontal deflection
o Raised intersection
o Gateway, Intersection portal &Varied pavements
o Sign and Markings


Title of the Research
Controlling Ribbon Development and removal of encroachments along
Highways.
Introduction
In many cities, lack of planning controls have allowed roadside development
to become a major problem, from individual sellers of market produce
scattered along the highway to the many kilometers of ribbon (linear)
development that can be seen in a number of countries. Increasing
urbanization and growing pressure on land near the city is also a factor for
ribbon development.
Need of the Study
Increasing urbanization and growing pressures on land near the city.
Increased chances of traffic accidents and traffic delays.
The ribbon development is purely an urban formation which is
aesthetical faulty.
The through traffic of main road is considerably affected by the local
traffic.
The traffic capacity and efficiency of the highways are reduced.
Future improvements become costly and difficult, if not impossible.

Objectives
To understand the in-depth reasons of ribbon development along the
highway.
To study various consequences of ribbon development.
To study various strategies adapted by different cities to remove
ribbon development.

Related Literature
What is Ribbon development?
Reasons and consequences of ribbon development and encroachment
along the highways.
Various strategies adapted by cities to remove or control ribbon
development.




Title of the Research
Different approaches for slum upgradation, Case study Kathputli Colony,
Delhi.

Introduction
Slums are often defined as, buildings and areas that are environmentally and
structurally deficient. A result of multiple deprivations such as; illegal land tenure,
deficient environment and inadequate shelter and are the result of the gap between
the demand and the legal and formal supply in the housing market (Chauhan,
1996). Migration from villages and small towns to metropolitan areas has increased
tremendously in India. This leads to the degradation of urban environmental quality
and sustainable development especially in the metropolitan cities. The problems
faced by the people living in the urban areas of India have become major concerns
for the government over the last two decades. Slums are considered to be the
major issue within many urban areas; particularly problems related to
transportation, population, health and safety.
The rate of growth of urban population in India is double the rate of rural
population. To make matters worse the rate of growth of squatters is even greater
than the urban population owing to the deficiency on the part of the government to
ensure provision of the affordable housing stock in urban areas. Delhi, the capital,
is home to about 3 million people living in slums and it is estimated that 45% of its
population lives in unauthorized colonies, Jhughi Jhompri (JJ) and urban villages.
The key reasons behind the growth of slums are migration of disadvantaged rural
population to economically more affluent cities in search of jobs and livelihood.
Such migrants, finding it difficult to afford accommodation in regular areas of cities
tend to occupy space in unattended government land and existing slums adding
more pressure on urban space. In the process rapid urbanization feeds to miseries
and growth of slum population, particularly, in absence of adequate transformation
of the cities in terms of availability of infrastructure and affordable accommodation.

Need of the Study
The need to evolve the approach can be emphasized by the fact that the increase in
squatter residents over the years. The natural increase of the population of the
squatters and the increase in migration have led to the present magnitude of
squatting. The fact is that the land market in the city is also a reason that leads to
the threat of squatting. The inability of the competent authorities to ensure
provision of low income housing can also be attributed as one of the prime reasons
for the emergence of squatting settlements. Hence, various approaches are needed
for slum upgradation for better living.
Objectives
To evaluate various approaches for slum upgradation.
To study and review the government policies, programmes and legislation in
context of slum settlements at central and state level.
To study the existing approaches for upgradation and identify parameters for
slum upgradation.
To evaluate upgradation based on parameters identified through case study.

Related Literature
Central policies and legislation
o National Slum Policy
o Slum areas (Improvement & Clearance) Act
State Policies and legislation
o National Housing & Habitat policy 2007
Plan Programmes and Schemes
o Environmental Improvement scheme
o Nehru Rozgar Yogna
o Urban basic services for the poor
o Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojna
o Built-up slum tenement scheme
o Slum redevelopment scheme
o Slum rehabilitation scheme
o In-situ upgradation
o Slum networking
o Rajiv Awas Yojna (RAY)
o Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal mission (JNNURM)

References
Slum rehabilitation in the context of Urban Sustainability, Amey Z
sheth, Civi; & building department, Loughborough University, UK
Sheltering Delhis Slums, Pratima Singh, Centre for civil society, 2009.
The case of Kathputli Colony: Mapping Delhis First In-situ Slum
Rehabilitation Project, Subhadra Banda, Centre for Policy Research
Working Paper, June 2013.
Typology of Slums and Land Tenure in Indian Cities, Prof. Neelima
Risbud, National resource centre on Urban Poverty.












Title of the Research
Impacts and Waste management of Mining Activities on livelihood

Introduction
Minerals are valuable natural resources that are explored for various purposes.
However, the resources are finite and non-renewable. Its wide availability in the
form of abundant rich reserves made it conductive for the growth and development
of mining sector but they would not be sustainable if the present rate of extraction
continues.
Mining and industrialization is also an environmentally damaging activity, causing
large scale deforestation and destruction of other natural resources. They create
huge wastes and require considerable space for their dumping and triggers a
number of environmental problems like land degradation, water and air pollution,
land collapse. The significance and magnitude of the environmental degradation
caused depends on
The nature and extent of natural resource found in the area
Nature and type of mineral deposits
The methods of mining and types of industries.

Waste management is the systematic assessment of potential hazards, disposal and
proper utilization of waste in mining and allied industries. Due to waste there is a
great environmental concern and resource constraint. These wastes can affect the
environment through it intrinsic property. Proper planning is essential to manage
the waste. Management indicates managing wastes in such a way that it would be
beneficial in any way. In view of associated environmental hazards and their
impacts on public health and safety, efforts must be made to minimize waste
generation, systematic disposal practices must be followed and sound waste
management methodologies need to be adopted.

Need of the Study
The mines have influenced the location of many industries and each of these has its
individual process of emissions, solid and liquid waste generation which creates
environmental problems where mining takes place. Excessive mining is causing
collapsing of land in many areas and conditions are further deteriorating at a faster
rate with increasing mining activities. Growth of settlements has taken in
haphazard, unplanned and scattered way. Forest cover in regions has depilated and
area is covered by falling rocks and coal dust indicating environmental degradation.
Waste generation is a major issue and waste quantities are generally growing. Total
waste quantities continue to increase the problem in mining and allied industries.

Objectives
To provide in-depth understanding of different types of mining and its
methods of extracting of minerals.
To access the impacts of different types of mining and industrial activities.
To provide in-depth understanding of different process of management of
waste and residues of mining activities.
To suggest strategies and guidelines for mitigation and management for
minimizing adverse impacts.

Related Literature
Different types of Mining
o Surface Mining
Open-pit mining
Quarrying
Strip Mining
Mountain Top removal
Landfill mining
Placer mining process
o Underground Mining
Drift mining
Slope mining
Shaft mining
Borehole process
Impacts of Mining
o Environmental impacts
Impacts on water resources
Impacts on air quality
Impacts on wildlife
Impacts on Soil quality
Climate change
o Social impacts
Human displacement and resettlement
Impacts on livelihoods
o Impact on Health-
Physical hazard
Chemical Hazard
Biological hazard
Mental hazard
o Impacts by Type of mining
Coal mining
Metal mining gold, uranium etc.
Limestone mining
Waste management
o Impacts of mining waste
o Mining waste disposal techniques
o Management of mining wastes.
Best Practices
References
Waste management in mining and allied industries, Sunil kachhap, NIT Rourkela, 2009-10.
Overview of Mining and its impact, Guidebook for evaluating mining project EIAs.
Overview of Best practice Environment management in Mining, Environment Australia.
The Indian Mining Sector: Effects on the Environment, Pradeep S Mehta, 2002
Environment Impacts and Health Aspects in the Mining Industry, a comparative study of
mining and extraction of Uranium, copper and gold, Jenny ann nilsson, Chalmers university
of technology, 2008.
Environmental and Social impacts of Mining.