Arkansas Tech University

MATH 2924: Calculus II

Dr. Marcel B. Finan
3 Tables of Integrals
If the standard integration techniques presented previously fail to yield an
antiderivative, the last measures of despair are integral tables. These tables
basically consist of collections of functions together with their antideriva-
tives. In order to use them, you may have to re-write the integrand function
rst in a standard form listed in the table.
The rst example shows how to apply an integral with no manipulations of
any kind.
Example 3.1
Find

cos (2x) cos (7x)dx.
Solution.
Using formula II-11 with a = 2 and b = 7 we have

cos (2x) cos (7x)dx =

1
45
(7 cos (2x) sin(7x) 2 sin(2x) cos (7x)) + C
The following two examples use reduction formulas.
Example 3.2
Find

(x
2
3x + 2)e
4x
dx.
Solution.
Using formula III-14 with p(x) = x
2
3x + 2 and a = 4 to obtain

(x
2
3x+2)e
4x
dx =
1
4
(x
2
3x+2)e
4x

1
16
(2x3)e
4x

1
32
e
4x
+C
Example 3.3
Find

sin
4
xdx.
Solution.
Using the reduction formula IV-17 twice, rst with n = 4 and then with
n = 2, we nd

sin
4
xdx =
1
4
sin
3
xcos x +
3
4

sin
2
xdx
=
1
4
sin
3
xcos x
3
8
sinxcos x +
3
8
x + C
1
Remember that some integrals can be evaluated without the use of an inte-
gral table as shown in the next example.
Example 3.4
Find

cos
3
xsin
4
xdx.
Solution.
This integral can be evaluated without the use of a table of integral. Indeed,
let u = sinx then du = cos xdx and

cos
3
xsin
4
xdx =

(1 sin
2
x) cos xsin
4
xdx
=

(1 u
2
)u
4
du =

(u
4
u
6
)du
=
u
5
5

u
7
7
+ C
=
sin
5
x
5

sin
7
x
7
+ C
Example 3.5
Find

sin
2
xcos
2
xdx.
Solution.
Using the trigonometric identity cos
2
x + sin
2
x = 1, Formula IV-17 with
n = 2 and Example 3.3, we have

sin
2
xcos
2
xdx =

sin
2
x(1 sin
2
x)dx
=

sin
2
xdx

sin
4
xdx
=(
1
2
sinxcos x +
1
2
x) (
1
4
sin
3
xcos x +
3
4

sin
2
xdx)
=
1
2
sinxcos x +
1
2
x +
1
4
sin
3
xcos x
3
4
(
1
2
sinxcos x +
1
2
x) + C
=
1
2
sinxcos x +
1
2
x +
1
4
sin
3
xcos x +
3
8
sinxcos x
3
8
x + C
=
1
8
sinxcos x +
1
4
sin
3
xcos x +
1
8
x + C
The integrands in the following require some manipulations to t the entries
in the table.
2
Example 3.6 (Factoring)
Find

1
x
2
+4x+3
dx.
Solution.
Factoring the denominator and then using Formula V-26 with a = 1 and
b = 3 we obtain

1
x
2
+ 4x + 3
dx =

1
(x + 1)(x + 3)
dx =
1
2
(ln|x + 1| ln|x + 3|) + C
Example 3.7 (Long division)
Find

x
2
+1
x
2
1
dx.
Solution.
Using the long division of polynomials we nd
x
2
+ 1
x
2
1
= 1 +
2
x
2
1
= 1 +
2
(x 1)(x + 1)
.
This with Formula V-26, where a = 1 and b = 1, yield

x
2
+ 1
x
2
1
dx = x + 2

1
2
(ln|x 1| ln|x + 1|)

+ C = x + ln

x 1
x + 1

+ C
Example 3.8 (Completing the square)
Find

1
x
2
+4x+5
dx.
Solution.
Completing the square we nd x
2
+ 4x + 5 = (x + 2)
2
+ 1. Now, letting
u = x + 2 we can write

1
x
2
+ 4x + 5
dx =

1
u
2
+ 1
du.
Finally, using Formula V-24 with a = 1 we nd

1
x
2
+ 4x + 5
dx =

1
u
2
+ 1
du = arctanu + C = arctan(x + 2) + C
Example 3.9 (Using substitution)
Find

xe
2x
2
cos (2x
2
)dx.
3
Solution.
Let u = 2x
2
. Then du = 4xdx so that

xe
2x
2
cos (2x
2
)dx =
1
4

e
u
cos udu.
Now, applying Formula II-9 to the last integral, with a = 1 and b = 1, we
nd
e
u
cos udu =
1
2
e
u
(cos u + sinu) + C.
Hence,

xe
2x
2
cos (2x
2
)dx =
1
8
e
2x
2
(cos (2x
2
) + sin(2x
2
)) + C
4