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com
LM555/NE555/SA555
Single Timer
Features Description
High Current Drive Capability (200mA)
The LM555/N555/!A555 i" a highly "table
#$ntr$ller

A%&u"table Duty Cy#le

#apable
$'
pr$%u#in
g
a##urate timing pul"e"(
)ith
Temperature !tability $' 0(005*/ C
m$n$"table $perati$n+
the
time %elay i" #$ntr$lle% by
$ne

Timing ,r$m !e# t$

H$ur"
e-ternal re"i"t$r an% $ne #apa#it$r( )ith a"table
$perati$n+

Turn $'' Time Le"" Than

2 !e#
the 're.uen#y an% %uty #y#le are a##urately #$ntr$lle%
/ith
Applications
t/$ e-ternal re"i"t$r" an% $ne #apa#it$r(
8-DIP
01re#i"i$n Timing
21ul"e 2enerati$n
3Time Delay 2enerati$n
!e.uential Timing
1
8-SOP
1
Internal Block Diagram
GND
R R R Vcc
1 8
Trigger
Comp. Discharging Tr.
Dischar
ge
2 7
Output 3
OutPut
FF
!
Thresho
"#
$tage
Comp.
Reset
% & Contro"
Vre'
Vo"tage
Rev. 1.0.2
2002 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
A&solute !a'imum (atings )*A + ," -.
Parameter S/m&ol 0alue 1nit
Supply Voltage VCC 16 V
Lead Temperature Soldering 10!ec" TL#$% &00 C
'o(er %i!!ipation '% 600 m)
*perating Temperature Range
L+,,,-.#,,,
T*'R
0 / 010
C
S$,,, 230 / 04,
Storage Temperature Range TST5 26, / 01,0 C
,
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
%lectrical -haracteristics
T$ 6 2, C7 VCC 6 , / 1,V7 unle!! other(i!e !peci8ied"
Parameter S/m&ol -onditions
!i
n.
*/
p.
!a
'. 1nit
Supply Voltage VCC 2 3., 2 16 V
Supply Current 9
1
Lo( Sta:le"
;CC
VCC 6 ,V7 RL 6 < 2 & 6 m$
VCC 6 1,V7 RL 6 < 2 1., 1, m$
Timing #rror 9
2
+ono!ta:le"
;nitial $ccuracy
$CC=R 2 1.0 &.0 >
%ri8t (ith Temperature
R$ 6
1?@ to100?@
A t-A T ,0 ppm- C
%ri8t (ith Supply Voltage
C 6
0.1 F
A t-A VCC 0.1 0., >-V
Timing #rror 9
2
$!ta:le"
$CC=R
2
2 > ;ntial $ccuracy
R$ 6
1?@ to 100?@ 2.2,
%ri8t (ith Temperature A t-A T
C 6
0.1 F 1,0 ppm- C
%ri8t (ith Supply Voltage A t-A VCC 0.& >-V
Control Voltage VC
VCC 6 1,V B.0 10.0 11.0 V
VCC 6 ,V 2.6 &.&& 3.0 V
Thre!hold Voltage VTC
VCC 6 1,V 2 10.0 2 V
VCC 6 ,V 2 &.&& 2 V
Thre!hold Current 9
&
;TC - 2 0.1 0.2, $
Trigger Voltage VTR
VCC 6 ,V 1.1 1.61 2.2 V
VCC 6 1,V 3., , ,.6 V
Trigger Current ;TR VTR 6 0V 0.01 2.0 $
Re!et Voltage VRST - 0.3 0.1 1.0 V
Re!et Current ;RST - 0.1 0.3 m$
VCC 6 1,V
;S;.D 6 10m$ 2 0.06 0.2, V
Lo( *utput Voltage V*L
;S;.D 6 ,0m$ 0.& 0.1, V
VCC 6 ,V
2 0.0, 0.&, V
;S;.D 6 ,m$
VCC 6 1,V
;S*=RC# 6 200m$ 12., 2 V
Cigh *utput Voltage V*C
;S*=RC# 6 100m$
12.1
, 1&.& V
VCC 6 ,V
2.1, &.& 2 V
;S*=RC# 6 100m$
Ri!e Time o8 *utput tR - 2 100 2 n!
Fall Time o8 *utput tF - 2 100 2 n!
%i!charge Lea?age Current ;LD5 - 2 20 100 n$
$otes2
0( Supply current (hen output i! high i! typically 1m$ le!! at VCC 6 ,V
2( Te!ted at VCC 6 ,.0V and VCC 6 1,V
3( Thi! (ill determine maEimum value o8 R$ 0 RF 8or 1,V operation7 the maE. total R 6 20+@ 7 and 8or ,V operation the maE.
total R 6 6.1+@
3
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
Application Information
Ta:le 1 :elo( i! the :a!ic operating ta:le o8 ,,,
timerG
*a&le 4. Basic Operating
*a&le
*hreshold 0oltage *rigger 0oltage
(eset)PI$ 5. Output)PI$ 3.
Discharging *r.
)0th.)PI$ 6. )0tr.)PI$ ,. )PI$ 7.
%onHt care %onHt care Lo( Lo( *.
Vth I 2Vcc - & Vth I 2Vcc - & Cigh Lo( *.
Vcc - & J Vth J 2 Vcc - & Vcc - & J Vth J 2 Vcc - & Cigh 2 2
Vth J Vcc - & Vth J Vcc - & Cigh Cigh *FF
)hen the l$/ "ignal input i" applie% t$ the re"et terminal+ the timer $utput remain" l$/ regar%le"" $' the thre"h$l% v$ltage
$r the trigger v$ltage( 4nly /hen the high "ignal i" applie% t$ the re"et terminal+ timer5" $utput #hange" a##$r%ing t$
thre"h$l% v$ltage an% trigger v$ltage(
)hen the thre"h$l% v$ltage e-#ee%" 2/3 $' the "upply v$ltage /hile the timer $utput i" high+ the timer5" internal %i"#harge
Tr( turn" $n+ l$/ering the thre"h$l% v$ltage t$ bel$/ 0/3 $' the "upply v$ltage( During thi" time+ the timer $utput i"
maintaine% l$/( Later+ i' a l$/ "ignal i" applie% t$ the trigger v$ltage "$ that it be#$me" 0/3 $' the "upply v$ltage+ the timer5"
internal %i"#harge Tr( turn" $''+ in#rea"ing the thre"h$l% v$ltage an% %riving the timer $utput again at high(
4. !onosta&le Operation
0Vcc
1
(
2
3 4
R$
Trigger
R#S#T Vcc
1
1
(
1
8
)
1
*
8 8 8
%;SCC 1(*
1((
*
8
1(+ 1+
2 TR;5
C
a
p
a
ci
ta
n
ce
,u
F
-
R .
1
(
(
TCR#
S 6
1
(
/
1
&
*=T
C*.T
,
C1
5.%
1
(
/
2
RL
1
C2
1
(
/
3
1(
/&
1(
/%
1(
/3
1
(
/2
1
(
/
1
1
(
(
1
(
1
1
(
2
Time
De"a0,s-
Figure 4. !onoata&le -ircuit Figure ,. (esistance and -apacitance 9s.
*ime
dela/)td.
Figure 3. :a9eforms of !onosta&le Operation
5
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
,igure 0 illu"trate" a m$n$"table #ir#uit( 6n thi" m$%e+ the timer generate" a 'i-e% pul"e /henever the trigger v$ltage 'all"
bel$/ 7##/3( )hen the trigger pul"e v$ltage applie% t$ the 82 pin 'all" bel$/ 7##/3 /hile the timer $utput i" l$/+ the timer5"
internal 'lip9'l$p turn" the %i"#harging Tr( $'' an% #au"e" the timer $utput t$ be#$me high by #harging the e-ternal #apa#it$r
C0an% "etting the 'lip9'l$p $utput at the "ame time(
The v$ltage a#r$"" the e-ternal #apa#it$r C0+ 7C0 in#rea"e" e-p$nentially /ith the time #$n"tant t:;A<C an% rea#he"
27##/3 at t%:0(0;A<C( Hen#e+ #apa#it$r C0 i" #harge% thr$ugh re"i"t$r ;A( The greater the time #$n"tant ;AC+ the l$nger it
ta=e" '$r the 7C0 t$ rea#h 27##/3( 6n $ther /$r%"+ the time #$n"tant ;AC #$ntr$l" the $utput pul"e /i%th(
)hen the applie% v$ltage t$ the #apa#it$r C0 rea#he" 27##/3+ the #$mparat$r $n the trigger terminal re"et" the 'lip9
'l$p+ turning the %i"#harging Tr( $n( At thi" time+ C0 begin" t$ %i"#harge an% the timer $utput #$nvert" t$ l$/(
6n thi" /ay+ the timer $perating in m$n$"table repeat" the ab$ve pr$#e""( ,igure 2 "h$/" the time #$n"tant relati$n"hip
ba"e% $n ;A an% C( ,igure 3 "h$/" the general /ave'$rm" %uring m$n$"table $perati$n(
6t mu"t be n$te% that+ '$r n$rmal $perati$n+ the trigger pul"e v$ltage nee%" t$ maintain a minimum $' 7##/3 be'$re the timer
$utput turn" l$/( That i"+ alth$ugh the $utput remain" una''e#te% even i' a %i''erent trigger pul"e i" applie% /hile the $utput
i" high+ it may be a''e#te% an% the /ave'$rm n$t $perate pr$perly i' the trigger pul"e v$ltage at the en% $' the $utput pul"e
remain" at bel$/ 7##/3( ,igure > "h$/" "u#h timer $utput abn$rmality(
Figure 5. :a9eforms of !onosta&le Operation
)a&normal.
,. Asta&le Operation
0Vcc
1((
R$
,R.1
2R2-
3
4
1( 1
*
R#S#T
Vc
c
1
1(*
%;SCC
2 TR;5
1
1((*
RF
(.1
1+
TCR#
S 6
Capacitance,uF-
1(
+
& *=T C1 (.(1
5.%
C*.T
,
RL
1
C2
13/3
1((m 1 1( 1(( 1*
1(
* 1((*
Fre4uenc0,
56-
Figure ". Asta&le
-ircuit
Figure 6. -apacitance and (esistance 9s.
Fre;uenc/
"
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
Figure 7. :a9eforms of Asta&le Operation
An a"table timer $perati$n i" a#hieve% by a%%ing re"i"t$r ;? t$ ,igure 0 an% #$n'iguring a" "h$/n $n ,igure 5( 6n a"table
$perati$n+ the trigger terminal an% the thre"h$l% terminal are #$nne#te% "$ that a "el'9trigger i" '$rme%+ $perating a" a multi
vibrat$r( )hen the timer $utput i" high+ it" internal %i"#harging Tr( turn" $'' an% the 7C0 in#rea"e" by e-p$nential 'un#ti$n
/ith the time #$n"tant (;A@;?)<C(
)hen the 7C0+ $r the thre"h$l% v$ltage+ rea#he" 27##/3+ the #$mparat$r $utput $n the trigger terminal be#$me" high+
re"etting the ,/, an% #au"ing the timer $utput t$ be#$me l$/( Thi" in turn turn" $n the %i"#harging Tr( an% the C0 %i"#harge"
thr$ugh the %i"#harging #hannel '$rme% by ;? an% the %i"#harging Tr( )hen the 7C0 'all" bel$/ 7##/3+ the #$mparat$r
$utput $n the trigger terminal be#$me" high an% the timer $utput be#$me" high again( The %i"#harging Tr( turn" $'' an% the
7C0 ri"e" again(
6n the ab$ve pr$#e""+ the "e#ti$n /here the timer $utput i" high i" the time it ta=e" '$r the 7C0 t$ ri"e 'r$m 7##/3 t$ 27##/3+
an% the "e#ti$n /here the timer $utput i" l$/ i" the time it ta=e" '$r the 7C0 t$ %r$p 'r$m 27##/3 t$ 7##/3( )hen timer
$utput i" high+ the e.uivalent #ir#uit '$r #harging #apa#it$r C0 i" a" '$ll$/"A
;
A
;
?
7## C0 7#0(09):7##/3
C
dv
c
1
:
V
cc
B V( 02)
(
1)
9999999
999999
dt
999999999999999999999999999999
9R$@RF
V
C1
( 00) : V
CC
K &
(
2
)
t
2 B
(
R @ R ) C1
2 $ F
99 (
&)
VC1( t) : VCC 1 B &e
!in#e the %urati$n $' the timer $utput high "tate(tH) i" the am$unt $' time it ta=e" '$r the 7C0(t) t$ rea#h 27##/3+
6
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
V ( t )
C
1
&
t
C
:
C
1
( R
$
@
R
F
) ;n2 :
0.6B&( R
$
@ R
F
)
C
1
(

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+

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L
:
0
(
C
D
3
;
?
C
0

(
0
0
)
C$n"e.uent
ly+ i' the
timer
$perate" in
a"table+ the
peri$% i"
the "ame
/ith
5T:tH@tL:0(
CD3(;A@;
?)C0@0(CD3
;?C0:0(CD
3(;A@2;?)
C 05
be#au"e the
peri$% i"
the "um $'
the #harge
ti
m
e
a
n
%
%
i"
#
h
a
r
g
e
ti
m
e(
A
n
%
"i
n
#
e
'r
e
.
u
e
n
#
y
i"
th
e
re
#i
pr
$
#
al
$'
th
e
e+ the ba"i#
#ir#uit $'
,igure 0
#an be
ma%e t$
$perate a" a
're.uen#y
%ivi%er(
,igure E(
illu"trate" a
%ivi%e9by9
three #ir#uit
that ma=e"
u"e $' the
'a#t that
retriggering
#ann$t
$##ur
%uring the
timing
#y#le(
7
!"""#$%"""#SA"""
Figure 8. :a9eforms of Fre;uenc/ Di9ider Operation
5. Pulse :idth !odulation
The timer $utput /ave'$rm may be #hange% by m$%ulating the #$ntr$l v$ltage applie% t$ the timer5" pin 5 an% #hanging
the re'eren#e $' the timer5" internal #$mparat$r"( ,igure D( illu"trate" the pul"e /i%th m$%ulati$n #ir#uit(
)hen the #$ntinu$u" trigger pul"e train i" applie% in the m$n$"table m$%e+ the timer $utput /i%th i" m$%ulate% a##$r%ing
t$ the "ignal applie% t$ the #$ntr$l terminal( !ine /ave a" /ell a" $ther /ave'$rm" may be applie% a" a "ignal t$ the #$ntr$l
terminal( ,igure 00 "h$/" an e-ample $' pul"e /i%th m$%ulati$n /ave'$rm(
1Vcc
>
E
R
.
Trigger
;
!
T 7## F
D6
!C
H
2
T;6
2
C
Output
TH
;
!
3
4G
T
7nput
2
N
D
C4N
T 5 C
0
Figure <. -ircuit for Pulse :idth !odulation Figure 4=. :a9eforms of Pulse :idth !odulation
". Pulse Position !odulation
6' the m$%ulating "ignal i" applie% t$ the #$ntr$l terminal /hile the timer i" #$nne#te% '$r a"table $perati$n a" in ,igure 00+
the timer be#$me" a pul"e p$"iti$n m$%ulat$r(
6n the pul"e p$"iti$n m$%ulat$r+ the re'eren#e $' the timer5" internal #$mparat$r" i" m$%ulate% /hi#h in turn m$%ulate" the
timer $utput a##$r%ing t$ the m$%ulati$n "ignal applie% t$ the #$ntr$l terminal(
,igure 02 illu"trate" a "ine /ave '$r m$%ulati$n "ignal an% the re"ulting $utput pul"e p$"iti$n m$%ulati$n A h$/ever+ any
/ave "hape #$ul% be u"e%(
8
1D, t$ )$r