I. SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER.

OBSERVE THE PICTURE AND ANSWER 1 - 4.

1. Sara is preparing a mixture:
a) Heterogeneous
b) Supersaturated
c) Homogeneous
d) Dilute

2. The solute in the homogeneous mixture is:
a) Iron
b) Water
c) Sand
d) Alcohol

3. What is the solvent used to prepare the solution?
a) Water
b) Alcohol
c) Sand
d) Iron

4. What is the physical state of solute and solvent in the solution?
a) Solid liquid
b) Solid solid
c) Gas- liqiud
d) Liquid liquid

5. About a solution we can say:
a) It is composed by: solute, largest amount and solvent, smallest amount.
b) Its composition stays the same; its solute-solvent ratio is constant.
2013 2014 SEMESTER: JANUARY JUNE 2014
LABORATORY OF CHEMISTRY STAGE 2. AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
BY CHEMISTRY ACADEMY
CHIEF: QFB GRISELDA CANTU MORALES DATE: MARCH 2014
KEY: N/A
NAME OF STUDENT:__________________________________________________________________________
GROUP:________ N. L.__________
Antonio
Sara
Iron
Sand
Water 70.0g
Alcohol 0.15g
c) Any solution has always more quantity in grams of solute than solvent.
d) The mass of any solution is always largest than mass of solvent.


6. 18K gold is an alloy formed by 75% gold and 25% silver. Which one of the following sentences is correct?
a) Gold is the lowest fraction and silver in the highest.
b) Gold is in the same proportion with silver.
c) Gold is the solute and silver is the solvent.
d) Gold is the solvent and silver is the solute.

7. Carbonated soda is an example of solution. What type of solution is it and what is the solvent?
a) Liquid-gas and H
2
O
b) Liquid-gas and the CO
2

c) Gas-liquid and the CO
2

d) Gas liquid and H
2
O



Next graph is about oxygen (O
2
) solubility at different temperatura. Answer 9 and 10.










8. How is the solubility of oxygen in water with temperatura?
a) At higher temperature, higher solubility.
b) Solubility decreases when temperature increases.
c) Solubility remains constant at high temperature.
d) Solubility of gas is not affected for temperature.
e) At lower temperature, higher solubility.


9. How could affect water warming by the action of sunlight during summer in a pond?
a) If you have less quantity of dissolved oxygen, the quantity of microorganism would be lower.
b) When dissolved oxygen increases, the quantity of microorganism increases.
c) It does not affect, solubility remains constant.
d) It is the solubility equilibrium and it does not affect the microorganism.


At 25
o
C, 30g of a substance and 200g of water were mixed, of which 18g are dissolved and 12g are undissolved
as shown in figure. Answer question 10 and 11.







10. Can you affirm that this substance is water insoluble?
a) Yes, because there are 12 g undissolved.
b) No, because it was posible to dissolve 18g in water.
c) Yes, because it is necessary to dissolve 30g in water.
d) In this solution the equilibrium is broken.

11. Predict what is the solubility of this substance at 25C.
a) Can be dissolved 9 grams of substance per 100 grams of water.
b) Can be dissolved 18 grams of substance per 100 grams of water.
c) Can be dissolved 12 grams of substance per 100 grams of water.
d) It is not possible to predict it because the substance is water insoluble.


12. The solubility of CO
2
in a carbonated soda is influenced by:
a) Saturation
b) Concentration
c) Pressure
d) Nature of solvent

13. We say it is an unsaturated solution when:
a) A solution has more solute than needed in a saturated solution at given temperature.
b) A solution has less solute per unit volume than that corresponding to a saturated solution.
c) Less solute can be dissolved in an unsaturated solution without altering any other condition.
d) The dissolved solute is in equilibrium with undissolved solute.


14. In the following situations, what factor is involved in the solutions?
1. A carbonated beverage loses its flavor when it is open. This effect is diminished when we cover the container.
2. To drink the entire contents of a supersaturated juice you should move in a circular way and drink it in one
go.
3. A cold drink with juice powder and sugar is prepared and notes that it is necessary to stir the mixture in order
to dissolve completely the powder and sugar.

a) 1 Temperature, 2 Pressure, 3 Agitation
b) 1 Agitarion, 2 Temperature, 3 Pressure
c) 1 Pressure, 2 Agitaion, 3 Temperature
d) 1 Concentration, 2 Temperature, 3 Pressure


15. Which of the following pairs of substances form a solution with water?
a) CCl
4
and oil
b) NaCl y AgCl
c) HCl y etanol (C
2
H
6
O)
d) b and c are correct.

16. The atmosphere of Mars is a gas formed by a solution of 95.32% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen and 1.6%
argon. What answer corresponds to the solute?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Nitrogen
c) Argon
d) b and c are correct.






17. Some clothes can not be washed with soap and water solution and should be dry cleaned. To dryclean volatile
solvents are used as tetrachlorethylene, before gasoline was used, however the non-flammability of
chlorinated solvents makes them safer to use. When clothing is impregnated with dry cleaning solvent, fatty
components in grime are dissolved leaving solid particles that are released as flakes. What is the nature of the
solute and solvent that acts as a cleaning agent for clothes?
a) Polar Solute Ionic Solvent
b) Non polar solute Non polar solvent
c) Polar solute Polar Solvent
d) Non Polar Solute Polar solvent


18. Ethylene glycol as the sugar is a polar material which dissolves in water. This mixture (ethylene glycol-water) is
used as an antifreeze in automobiles. At the molecular level, what is the solution process to form the solution?
a) The water separates into ions to ethylene glycol and hydrated.
b) The water hydrates ethylene molecules through ionic bonds.
c) The water molecule trapping ethylene forming hydrogen bonds.
d) The water separated in ions to ethylene and solvates.


19. The saline is a tool used to wash any area of the body, including wounds, eyes, nose. By means of saline it is
possible to recover lost water, pH and electrolytes which was caused by dehydration or blood loss, extensive
skin loss, as in severe burns. What is the process of dissolution that occurs when water is added to salt to be in
a "physiological" ratio, ie, to resemble the body fluids to form a solution of 0.9% saline?
a) The ability of molecules to form hydrogen bonds to the dissolution occurs.
b) The interaction between the ions and polar molecules so that dissolution occurs.
c) The breaking of van der Walls forces allows dissolution occurs.
d) The solvation of the salt molecules allows dissolution occurs.


Observe the graph of solubility and answer questions 21-23.


















20. What is the most soluble substance at 20C and what is the least soluble?
a) The most solube is copper sulphate and the least soluble is potassium sulphate.
b) The most solube is sodium chlorate and the least soluble is potassium sulphate.
c) The most soluble is potassium sulphate and the least soluble is sodium chlorate.
d) The most soluble is sodium chloride and the least soluble is potassium sulphate.



21. At what temperature coincide solubility of copper sulfate and sodium chloride?
a) 47
0
C
b) 50
0
C
c) 56
0
C
d) 60
0
C

22. What is the solubility of copper sulphate at 80C?
a) 57 g
b) 59 g
c) 62 g
d) 65 g



STOICHIOMETRIC PROBLEMS


Juan and Martha must prepare a feeding bottle for their baby. To do this, they add 6 teaspoons of 4.5 g of milk
powder to a bottle containing 180 g of water and shake until the contents are mixed. With this information,
answer the questions 23 and 24.


23. Calculate the concentration in weight percent (w/w %, mass percent). In total they added 27 g of milk powder
in 180 g of water.
a) 10%
b) 13%
c) 15%
d) 20%

24. The baby only drinks 150 g from the feeding bottle. How much milk powder have ingested? If per 100 g baby
eats 13 g of milk powder.
a) 19.5 grams
b) 21 grams
c) 15.5 grams
d) All are incorrect.

25. Brass is an alloy of Cu and Zn, its composition varies according to its application. The mass of a 500g bar of
brass contains 33% of Zn. What is the solute and how many grams are present??
a) Cu and there are 165 g
b) Cu and there are 335 g
c) Zn and there are 33 g
d) Zn and there are 165 g

26. An alcoholic beverage has a 14% v/v ethanol. How much alcohol is contained in a 120 mL glass of this drink?
a) 14 mL
b) 15.5 mL
c) 20 mL
d) 16. 8 mL

27. The maximum allowable concentration of Hg in the water is 0.002 ppm. When we analyzed a water sample
from the Rio Ramos was found that in 750 mL of water are contained 0.05 mg of Hg; there were also analyzed
500mL of water from Rio Bravo an were found 0.34mg of Hg. Regarding mercury contamination in the two
rivers, we can say that::
a) Both rivers exceed the permitted limit
b) Only Rio Ramos exceeds the limit.
c) Only Rio Bravo exceeds the limit.
d) None of the two rivers exceeds the permitted limit.

28. How do you prepare 250 mL of a 0.1 M solution of NaOH? Na = 23 O=16 H=1
a) WIth 10 g of NaOH and add water to complete 250 mL.
b) With 1 g of NaOH and add water to complete 25 L.
c) With 1 g of NaOH and add water to complete 250 mL.
d) All are incorrect.


29. In order to flavour a fish broth it must be added 16 g of salt to 2 liters of broth. What is the salt concentration
in the broth?
a) 1.5 %
b) 1 %
c) 0.8%
d) 0.5%


30. Calculate what volume of oil should be dissolved in 600 mL of gasoline to achieve a concentration of 15% v/v.
a) 100 mL
b) 90 mL
c) 80 mL
d) 50 mL

31. Cyanide solution is used to leach gold from its ore, it is prepared by adding 454 g of NaCN in 1000 mL of water.
Calculate concentration in molarity (M). Na= 23 C=12 N=14
a) 0.009 g/L
b) 0.009 mol/L
c) 9.26 mol/L
d) All are incorrect

32. A solution of 0.8M NaCl was prepared. Which one of the following procedures is the correct way to prepare
the solution? Molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g/mol.
a) Mixing 4.68 g of NaCl in 1000mL of solution.
b) Mixing 46.8 g of NaCl in 1L of solution.
c) Mixing 46.8 g of NaCl in water and make up to 1L of solution.
d) Mixing 4.68 g of NaCl in water and make up to 1L of solution.