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Ejercicios de sistemas de ecuaciones lineales

1.

Use el algoritmo de eliminacin Gaussiana simple y la aritmtica de redondeo de


seis cifras decimales para resolver los sistemas lineales siguientes:
3.333 X 1 + 15920 X 2 10.333 X 3 = 15913

2 X1 + X 2 X 3 + X 4 3X 5 = 7

2.222 X 1 + 16.71X 2 + 9.612 X 3 = 28.544

X1 + 0 X 2 + 2 X 3 X 4 + X 5 = 2

1.5611X 1 + 5.1791X 2 + 1.6852 X 3 = 8.4254

0 X 1 2 X 2 X 3 + X 4 X 5 = 5
3X1 + X 2 4 X 3 + 0 X 4 + 5 X 5 = 6
X1 X 2 X 3 X 4 + X 5 = 6

1
1
1
1
X2 + X3 + X4 =
2
3
4
6
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 =
2
3
4
5
7
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 =
3
4
5
6
8
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 =
4
5
6
7
9
0.31X 1 + 0.14 X 2 + 0.30 X 3 + 0.27 X 4 =1.02
0.26 X 1 + 0.32 X 2 + 0.18 X 3 + 0.24 X 4 =1.00
0.61X 1 + 0.22 X 2 + 0.20 X 3 + 0.31X 4 =1.34
0.40 X 1 + 0.34 X 2 + 0.36 X 3 + 0.17 X 4 =1.27
X1 +

1.7 X 1 + 2.3 X 2 1.5 X 3 = 2.35


1.1X 1 +1.6 X 2 1.9 X 3 = 0.94
2.7 X 1 2.2 X 2 +1.5 X 3 = 2.70

2.

Aplique eliminacin Gaussiana con Pivoteo parcial y aritmtica de redondeo de


de seis cifras decimales para resolver los sistemas lineales siguientes:
3.03 X 1 12.1X 2 +14. X 3 = 119

3.03 X 1 +12.1X 2 7 X 3 =120


6.11X 1 14.2 X 2 + 21X 3 = 139
3.3330 X 1 +15920 X 2 10.333 X 3 = 7953
2.2220 X 1 +16.710 X 2 + 9.6120 X 3 = 0.965
1.5611X 1 + 5.1792 X 2 1.6855 X 3 = 2.714

0 X 1 +100 X 2 99.9 X 3 + X 4 = 2.15

2 X 1 + 4 X 2 X 3 2 X 4 = 10

14.2 X 1 0.122 X 2 +12.2 X 3 X 4 = 3.44

4 X1 + 0 X 2 + 2 X 3 + X 4 = 7

1.19 X 1 + 2.11X 2 100 X 3 + X 4 = 1.12

X1 + 3X 2 2 X 3 + 0 X 4 = 3

15.3 X 1 + 0.110 X 2 13.1X 3 X 4 = 4.16

3X1 + 2 X 2 + 0 X 3 + 5 X 4 = 2

23.42 X 1 16.89 X 2 + 57.31X 3 + 82.6 X 4 = 2158.36

2.11X 1 4.21X 2 + 0.921X 3 = 2.01

14.77 X 1 + 38.29 X 2 + 92.36 X 3 4.36 X 4 = 1123.02

4.01X 1 +10.2 X 2 1.12 X 3 = 3.09

77.21X 1 + 71.26 X 2 16.55 X 3 + 49.09 X 4 = 3248.71

1.09 X 1 + 0.987 X 2 + 0.832 X 3 = 4.21

91.82 X 1 + 81.43 X 2 + 33.94 X 3 + 57.22 X 4 = 235.25


Prof. Juan Hurtado

1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 = 9
4
5
6
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 = 8
3
4
5
1
X1 + X 2 + 2 X 3 = 8
2

3.

1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 = 1
2
3
4
5
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 = 1
2
3
4
5
6
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 = 1
3
4
5
6
7
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 = 1
4
5
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 = 1
5
6
7
8
9

Resuelva cada uno de los siguientes sistemas de ecuaciones lineales usando el


mtodo de Gauss Jordan. (a) obtenga la solucin del sistema de la forma
[ AB ] = [ I X ] .
(b) Compruebe la solucin mediante la ecuacin AX = B
X = A -1 B, si A es
invertible:
0.2641X 1 + 0.1735 X 2 + 0.8642 X 3 = 0.7521
0.8641X 1 0.4243 X 2 + 0.0711 X 3 = 0.2501
0.9411X 1 + 0.0175 X 2 + 0.1463 X 3 = 0.6310

1
1
X2 + X3 =2
2
3
1
1
1
X 1 + X 2 + X 3 = 1
2
3
4
1
1
1
X1 + X 2 + X 3 = 0
3
4
5
X1 +

3. 3 0 15920 10.3 y1 0. 0518


2. 2 0 16.710 9.6120 y = 0.27413
2

1.561 5.1791 1.6852 y3 0.1861

2 X1 + 3X 2 X 3 + X 4 = 2
X 1 + 2 X 2 + 3 X 3 2 X 4 = 13
X1 X 2 + 2 X 3 + 2 X 4 = 3
2 X 1 2 X 2 4 X 3 3 X 4 = 12

1. 9 2.1 10 1 X1 1.2
14.2 0.12 12. 1 X 3.4
2
=
0 10 9 .9 1 X3 2.15

1 5.3 0.1 13.1 1 X4 4.16

1.05 0 1 3.619 4 2.530 04 X1 1.61


4.329 91 0.5 9 2 1.7 9 93 X = 7.23
2


0.829 2 0.540 4 1.470 1 X3 3. 8

3.01 6.03 19X1 1 0.3249 0.49 0.6798X1 1


1.27 4.16 23X= 1 0.518 0.14293 0.4183X= 1
2
2

0.9874.1 934X3 1 0.1 8 0.271 0.98 X3 1
Prof. Juan Hurtado

4. Factorice las siguientes matrices en la descomposicin L. U aplicando Doolittle y Croat


6

2 1 1
3 3 9

3 3 5

1.012 2.132 3.104


2.132 4.096 7.013

3.104 7.013 0. 14

2.1756 4.0231 2.1732 5.1967


4.0231 6.0 0 0 1. 973

1.0 0 5.2107 1. 1 1 0

6.0235 7.0 0 0 4.1561

3 0.1 0.2
0.1 7 0.3

0.1 0.3 10

5. Resuelva los siguientes sistemas lineales mediante los mtodos de Doolittle y Croat.
Compruebe en cada caso si la matriz de coeficiente A es no singular.

0.2641X 1 + 0.1735 X 2 + 0.8642 X 3 = 0.7521

2 X 1 X 2 + X 3 = 1

0.8641X 1 0.4243 X 2 + 0.0711X 3 = 0.2501

3X 1 + 3X 2 + 9 X 3 = 0

0.9411X 1 + 0.0175 X 2 + 0.1463 X 3 = 0.6310

3X 1 + 3X 2 + 5 X 3 = 4

1.012 X 1 2.132 X 2 + 3.104 X 3 = 1.984


2.132 X 1 + 4.096 X 2 7.013 X 3 = 0.5049

0.5 X 1 + 0.25 X 2

= 0.35

0.35 X 1 + 0.8 X 2 + 0.4 X 3

= 0.77

3.104 X 1 7.013 X 2 + 0.014 X 3 = 3.895

0.25 X 2 + X 3 + 0.5 X 4 = 0.5


X 3 2 X 4 = 2.25

2.1756 X + 4.0231X 2 2.1732 X 3 + 5.1967 X 4 = 17.102


4.0231X 1 + 6.0000 X 2

+ 1.1973 X 4 = 6.1593

1.0000 X 1 5.2107 X 2 + 1.1111X 3


6.0235 X 1 + 7.0000 X 2

4.1561X 4 = 0

2.51 1.48 4.53 X1 0. 5


1.48 0.93 1.30 X = 1.03
2

2.68 3.04 1.48 X3 0.53
6.

= 3.0004

1.012 X 1 2.132 X 2 + 3.104 X 3 = 1.984


2.132 X 1 + 4.096 X 2 7.013 X 3 = 5.049
3.104 X 1 7.013 X 2 + 0.014 X 3 = 3.895

Para cada uno de los siguientes sistemas de ecuaciones, explique si los mtodos
de Jacobi y Gauss Seidel converge o no. En los casos donde haya convergencia calcule
las iteraciones hasta que X K X K 1 < 10-3
X1 + 2 X 2

+ X4 = 0

3X1 X 2 + 4 X 3
X1

=2

3X 3 + 3X 4 = 1

2 X1 + X 2 X 3

=1

4X1 + X 2 X 3 + X 3 = 2
X1 + 4 X 2 X 3 X 3 = 1
X1 X 2 + 5X 3 + X 3 = 0
X1 X 2 + X 3 + 3X 3 = 1
Prof. Juan Hurtado

1.05001X 1 + 3.619994 X 2 + 2.530004 X 3 = 1.61

0 X 1 + 3 X 2 X 3 + 8 X 4 = 15

4.329991X 1 + 0.559992 X 2 1.779993 X 3 = 7.23

X 1 + 11X 2 X 3 + 3 X 4 = 25

0.829992 X 1 0.540004 X 2 + 1.470001X 3 = 3.38

10 X 1 X 2 + 2 X 3

=6

2 X 1 X 2 + 10 X 3 X 4 = 11

91.82 X 1 + 814.3 X 2 + 33.94 X 3 + 57.22 X 4 = 235.25

10 X 1 + 5 X 2 + 0 X 3 + 0 X 4 = 6

772.1X 1 + 71.26 X 2 16.55 X 3 + 43.09 X 4 = 3248.71

5 X 1 + 10 X 2 4 X 3 + 0 X 4 = 25

23.42 X 1 16.89 X 2 + 57.31X 3 + 822.6 X 4 = 2158.36

0 X 1 4 X 2 + 8 X 3 X 4 = 11

14.77 X 1 + 38.29 X 2 + 923.6 X 3 4.36 X 4 = 1123.02

0 X 1 + 0 X 2 X 3 + 5 X 4 = 11

4 X1 + X 2 + X 3 + 0X 4 + X 5 = 6

4X1 X 2 + 0X 3 X 4 + 0X 5 + 0X 6 = 0

X1 3X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + 0 X 5 = 6

X1 + 4 X 2 X 3 + 0 X 4 X 5 + 0 X 6 = 5

2X1 + X 2 + 5X 3 X 4 X 5 = 6

0X1 X 2 + 4X 3 + 0X 4 + 0 X 5 X 6 = 0

X1 X 2 X 3 + 4 X 4 + 0X 5 = 6

X1 + 0 X 2 + 0 X 3 + 4 X 4 X 5 + 0 X 6 = 6

0X1 + 2X 2 X 3 + X 4 4X 5 = 6

0 X 1 X 2 + 0 X 3 X 4 + 4 X 5 X 6 = 2
0X1 + 0X 2 X 3 + 0 X 4 X 5 + 4 X 6 = 6

Prof. Juan Hurtado

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