ECE 202 Exp-2 Name of the Experiment : Study of Diode rectifiers. Theoretical Background : A rectifier converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage. rom t!e diode c!aracteristic curve it is "no#n t!at a diode #or"s li"e a s#itc!. $n t!e for#ard %ias condition it %ecomes &' and & in t!e reverse %ias condition. $f an AC voltage is applied across a diode only one !alf-cycle #ill %e conducted due to t!e &' action( ot!er !alf cycle #ill %e clipped off. $n t!e output t!e load #ill get DC. Diode rectifier can %e of t!ree types. )!ey are------ a* +alf-#ave rectifier( %* ull-#ave rectifier and c* ull-#ave %ridge rectifier. +alf-#ave rectifier circuit can %e %uilt %y using a single diode as #as discussed earlier. )!e circuit diagram and t!e #ave s!apes of t!e input and output voltage are s!o#n %ello#: AC AC Supply Diode L O a d V I INPUT V I OUTPUT FIG 1: HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER $n t!is circuit t!e load receives approximately !alf of t!e input po#er( Average dc voltage is very lo#( Due to t!e presence of ripple output voltage is not smoot! one. $n t!e full-#ave rectifier %ot! t!e !alf cycle is present in t!e output. )!is is done %y using t#o diodes. &ne of t!em #ill conduct during one !alf cycle and t!e ot!er #ill conduct in t!e next !alf cycle. )!is can %e done in one of t!e t#o follo#ing #ays. ,. -sing a centre-tapped transformer. )#o diodes #ill %e connected to t!e ends of t!e transformer and t!e load #ill %e %et#een t!e diode and t!e center tap. )!e circuit diagram and t!e #ave s!apes are s!o#n %ello#: Rl AC !V "# OUTPUT $ V $ V INPUT )!is circuit !as some advantages over t!e first one: .astage of po#er is less( Average DC output increase significantly( /ecome more smoot!. Disadvantages are: 0e1uire more space %ecause of using transformer( /ridge rectifier overcomes all t!ese disadvantages. C AC Fi% &: '(id%e (e)$i*ie( Rl A rectifier( !o#ever cannot produce a smoot! dc voltage. $t produces some ripple in t!e output. )!is ripple can %e reduced %y using filtering capacitor across t!e load. E1uipment: ,. )rainer %oard( 2. 2ultimeter( 3. &scilloscope( 4. )ransformer52206247* 8. 0esistor5,0"* 9. Capacitor5,(4:* :. diode54 pieces*. Circuit Diagram: Rl Vo AC C !V "# ig ,: Circuit diagram for !alf #ave rectifier C RL AC fig 2:Circuit diagram for /ridge rectifier Rl AC !V "# ig 3: ull #ave rectifier ;rocedure: ,. Connect t!e circuit s!o#n in figure , %ut #it!out capacitor. 2. Connect t!e oscilloscope to o%serve t!e #ave s!ape of t!e input and output voltages. 2easure t!e pea" DC voltage from t!e &scilloscope. 3. 2easure t!e output voltage %y a multimeter and compare it #it! t!at o%tained from t!e oscilloscope. 4. )urn t!e po#er off and connect a capacitor54: * across t!e load . &%serve t!e output voltage and measure it %y t!e oscilloscope. 8. 2easure t!e output voltage %y a multimeter and compare it #it! t!at o%tained from t!e oscilloscope. 9. )urn off t!e po#er and c!ange t!e capacitance #it! t!e !ig!er one 5,00 *. :. 0epeat procedures 4 & 8 to o%tain necessary measurement. <. )urn t!e po#er off and disconnect t!e load resistance. &%serve t!e #ave s!apes for %ot! t!e capacitors after turning on t!e po#er. =. 0epeat procedures , t!roug! < for circuits in figure 2 and 3. Data: )a%le ,: Data for circuit , 7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter* 'o capacitance 4: capacitance ,00 Capacitance )a%le 2: data for circuit 2 7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter* 'o capacitance 4: capacitance ,00 Capacitance )a%le 3: data for circuit 3 7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter* 'o capacitance 4: capacitance ,00 Capacitance 0eport: ,. Dra# All t!e o%served #ave s!apes.
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