Angelo MILLAN

Scientific Process
1. Observation ( Identify the Problem) (Create a QUESTION!)
2. Gathering of data (quality and Quantity)
Independent Dependent Controlled (remained constant)
3. Hypothesis
4. Experimentation
5. Conclusion
Matter And Energy
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Solid- It has a definite shape and volume. It has mass, it takes up space
They are packed together. They have very little energy, vibrate energy.
Liquid- Loosely packed. Have medium energy levels. Particles flow around each other.
Gas- Gasses spread out to fill the entire space given and it does not have a definite
volume. It has mass It takes up space. Moves freely and has a lot of energy.
Plasma- Lightning is plasma! It is used in fluorescent light bulbs and noon lights.
Plasma is like a gas but the particles are electrically charged.

Properties Of Matter!
Intensive Properties- it does not depend on any numbers. Ex. Colors, hardness, texture
Extensive properties- depends on number Ex 1 bond paper. 2 centimeters 3
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A physical change occurs when the substance changes state but does not change its
Chemical change.
Characteristics of Physical Changes
Melting point-Boiling point- Vapor pressure- Color- State of Matter

Classification Of Matter
Matter Pure Substance and Mixture.

Heterogeneous Matter
It is a matter that has different properties
Ex: Soil, Cereal with raisings, concrete.
Mixture- A combination of Substances
2 or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Properties of mixtures
The substances in a mixture keep their separate Identities.
Ex. Salt and pepper.
Separating Mixtures
The substances of a mixture can be separated by Physical Means
The Evaporation and filtration are used to separate mixtures
Type of Mixtures
Heterogeneous mixtures are the least mixed of a mixtures.
Homogeneous Mixtures:
They are Well Mixed.
Particles are small and not easily recognized.
Solutions
A solution of a mixture in which a substance is dissolved in another, BEST mixed
Elements
Smallest type of pure substances


Separating Mixtures into component substances
It is a process of separating small solid particles from a liquid by passing the mixture
through a porous medium. Filtration
Distillation- involves boiling the mixture to vaporize a liquid and then cooling the vapor to
condense it.
Fractional Distillation- is useful for separating liquid mixtures, whose component
substances have narrow differences in boiling points.
Steam Distillation is a technique commonly used to separate the Volatile oil from plant
materials, whether flower, leaves, bark or roots.