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Robertopopalis

THE FUNCTIONS OF A SUCCESFUL CIVILIZATION


Robert Buchanan
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
SECTION 1
Robertopopalis, the Land of Sands
Robertopopalis is a deathly barren desert oasis with little wa-
ter and few resources. The only water is a small and dinky oasis
surrounded by a hot and humid desert. The oasis water tastes dis-
gusting, but being it the only water for miles around, it tastes like
liquid gold. The sands are dry and scorching hot, with little to no
moisture in the air. A thin layer of brush, palm trees, and reeds
layer the oasis like the skin on a date. The day temperatures can go
well above one hundred, while the cold nights can go below sev-
enty. The desert air plays tricks on a weary travels mind because of
the humidity and hotness. In the distance, smells of fresh cooked
Introduction
1
The deathly barren oasis is hot and humid. This is where Robertopopalis is located.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
meat, and a shop that sells drinks, wait all that goes away, it must
have been a mirage. Tornado force winds whip across the land-
scape, swiping up unexpected sand to form geographical pieces of
architecture. The palm trees loom over the land like a man looking
down at a horned lizard scurrying along the sandy desert. The
sound of wind rustles the vegetation back and forth as if it were a
feather being blown by a humans breath. The brush makes it hard
to reach the oasis and jump in after a sweaty days work. Little life
is here, but the oasis offers a good source of food and water (in the
oasis) at Robertopopalis. Fish in the lake stay in the middle of the
lake, for they can smell the cooked sh that the nomads have
caught. Unlike a tropical paradise, the death-ridden land makes liv-
ing here a near death experience. Robertopopalis will be founded
in the unfavorable location of a desert oasis. Robertopopalis has
been inspired by past civilizations, such as the Arabs, Romans, and
Aztecs. This book will document the steps to take in order to create
a thriving and successful civilization.
Upon this land will be born the civilization of Robertopoplis.
A civilization whose design has been inspired from the study of
past civilizations such as the Romans, the Aztecs, the Mayans, the
Arabs, the Greeks, and many more. This book will document the
steps needed to be taken for the design of a successful civilization;
specically in regards oto modications of the physical environ-
ment infrastructure development, and favorable characteristics of
government, spiritual belief systems, and culture.
2
Robertopopalis has been inspired by the Aztec civilization.
Image 1.1 Aztec Civilization
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
CHAPTER 1
3
Modifications
We wont have a society if we destroy the environment.
- Margaret Mead
This is a modication, which the Aztecs used to create stable land to
farm on.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
SECTION 1
Part I: Analysis of the Problem:
The Problems of the Barren Oasis
To insure that the civilization is a thriving civilization for
many years to come, the problems of food and water must be ad-
dressed with full attention. This desert oasis has many problems
in geography and terrain, so achieving food will be difcult to ac-
complish. Among the major challenges for the barren oasis are the
following:
1. An oasis is tough to farm in due to the terrain and change-
able temperature. With so much sand and no soil, being able to
farm will be almost impossible. With little farmland the civiliza-
tion will need to turn to hunting for food. The downside of this is
that no good sources of meat are available inside of a barren de-
The ancient Roman aqueducts transfer water from place to place. This aqueducts is being used in Spain today. Robertopopalis takes the idea of aqueducts
to transfer water.
Human Changes to the Land
4
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
sert oasis. Besides, if the civilization hunts all the animals in the
area, then the animals will eventually become extinct like the dodo
bird. If the animals go extinct in the oasis then the town will crum-
ble.
2. The water inside of the oasis may not be drinkable, so the prob-
lem of decontamination comes into play. Not only that, but as
Robertopopalis grows, the civilization will not be able to main-
tain a drinkable water source. After the oasis water has van-
ished into thin air,
then the commu-
nity will not be able
to get it back be-
cause of the little
rainfall inside of a
desert. In addition,
the water from the
oasis will attract no-
mads, and desert
people, who might
be hostile because
they can come and
kill everyone in a
split second. When Robertopopalis eventually runs out of wa-
ter and food, then the civilization becomes nonexistent and
Robertopopalis is history. In the end, there is a high risk that
the civilization of Robertopopalis will perish.
Part II: Proposed Solutions
The Solutions to the Deathly Problems
A civilization needs to modify its environment so that it can
get and maintain a trustworthy food and water supply. A modica-
tion is when an organism changes its environment to better suit its
needs. For instance, damming up a stream or river to stop the ow
of water and create a lakebed is a modication to the environment,
so that the civilization has a sustained water supply. Another exam-
ple of a modication is what the Greeks did. The Greeks build
earth steps into the hills to have more farmland. A civilization that
cannot modify its environment to better suit its needs will perish
easily.
Since Robertopopalis is located inside of a desert oasis, little
soil is available to farm on. To address this problem, Robertopo-
5
The Chinampas that were built at Lake Texcoco were in Roberttopopalis too.
Image 2.5 Aztec Chinampas
A dammed up lakebed is an environmental
modication.
Image 2.1 Dammed Up Lakebed
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palis farmers built oating farmland above the oasis waterline, so
that they could have a piece of land specically designed for farm-
ing on. The farmers then got the little soil they could nd, and
planted seeds on top of the oating land. The modication that
was used by the people of Robertopopalis was similar to what the
Aztecs did in 1325 C.E. The Aztec city of Tenochtitlan was located
on Lake Texcoco, which had little land to farm on. The Aztecs
solved this problem by creating islands also known as oating is-
lands. As Frey states, The Aztecs called these oating islands Chi-
nampas (274). The Aztec farmers made the oating islands out of
mud and plants, but the Robertopopalis farmers built their oating
islands out of mud brick and palm tree wood.
Several problems need to be addressed concerning water.
The rst is that the people of Robertopopalis will
need to face the fact of decontaminating the oasis water. The
thought came to mind of making a reservoir to capture the rain-
water but inside of a desert oasis rain is scarce. Instead of building
reservoirs the engineers of Robertopopalis built aqueducts to pu-
rify the water and transport it to the town of Robertopopalis. Build-
ing the aqueducts is similar to the Romans because they used
aqueducts to transport water and purify the water. Roman engi-
neers built aqueducts to transport water from over sixty miles
away! As stated by Frey, The Romans needed the water for drink-
ing and bathing in (367). Also, Frey states, Parts of the exact
same Roman aqueducts are still being used in Spain today (367).
6
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The next problem is trying to maintain a successful water
source. For example, the oasis water will not be enough as the
population of Robertopopalis grows, so engineers from Robertopo-
palis built reservoirs to catch rainwater. Even though there is little
rainwater inside of a desert oasis, every once in a while the reser-
voir will
ll up
from the
occasional
rainstorm.
Construct-
ing reser-
voirs is
similar to
the Sum-
erians. As
stated by
Frey, The
Sumeri-
ans built
the reservoirs because they needed a way to store the water for
later use (36). The reservoirs that were built in Robertopopalis are
similar to those still being used in this country. For example, the
Marin Municipal Water District uses the reservoirs also. These
modications are important for the civilization of Robertopopalis
because of Robertopopalis being inside of a desert oasis, and need-
ing water to survive.

7
This image shows the Marin Municipal Water District sign. The Marin
Municipal Water District do the same thing as the civilization of Robertopo-
palis did.
Image 2.4 Marin Municipal Water District Sign
This is another desert oasis. Robertopopalis is located in a
hot humid area just like this desert oasis.
Image 2.3 Another Desert Oasis
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
Source: http://sjsdblogs.com/bostonboyerhumanities/2013/09/17/ancient-romegreece-vs-modern-day/
Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people
will nd a way around the laws.-
Plato
CHAPTER 2
8
Law & Government
This is a picture of the Roman Senate,
which consisted of 300 men.
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2
Lessons on Democracy
An important lesson to be learned from Ancient Athens is that Ath-
ens believed so much in everyone having an equal say in the gov-
ernment. If everyone did not have an equal say in the govern-
ment, then there might be a revolt. All Athenian born men (not
women, or slaves) over the age of 18 could become citizens, thus
These are the 12 Tablets. They marked the laws in Rome.
allowing them to take part in Athenian government. Men who
could take part in The Council of 500 had to be 30 or older and
were randomly chosen. The Council of 500 suggested new laws to
be proposed to the Assembly and ran the day-to-day business. The
Assembly was a group of 6,000 citizens that met atop a hill every
10 days. Athens believed so much in their government that if not
Maintaining Civil Order
9
Source: http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=1176683
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enough people for the assembly showed up, and then slaves
would round more up with a rope dipped in red paint and made
them come. As stated by Frey, If not enough people showed,
slaves would round up more citizens with ropes dipped in red
paint (Frey 261). The men were embarrassed to come to the assem-
bly with red paint. This relates to modern day Jury Duty because
in Jury Duty you are made to go and debate on one if the person is
guilty or not. The Assembly voted on laws, which were made by
the Council of 500. Some of the citizens in the Assembly were very
skilled at speaking, and eventually, a water clock was used to time
the speaker. As we have learned, there have been many important
lessons learned in ancient Athens.
A lesson that should be learned from Sparta is to have an age
requirement for being in the government. Unlike other Roman
city-states, Sparta was an oligarchy. Like Athens, Sparta had an as-
sembly, but Sparta also had the Council of Elders. The Council of
Elders consisted of 28 men, who were 60 or older and 2 kings. Plus,
they had to come from a noble family and served for life. The Coun-
cil of Elders held the real power in Sparta, and could control the
laws. They passed laws to the Assembly, but they had the power to
do whatever they wanted. On page 265, Frey states, It prepared
laws for the Assembly to vote on, and it had the to stop any laws
passes by the Assembly that the council members didnt like
(Frey 265). This shows how little power the Assembly had in the
government. A modern tie in to this is that the person who wants
to become president needs to be 35 or older to be president and
live in the U.S.A for 14 years. In the end, age requirement for
Sparta is a very important lesson to be learned.

A very important lesson to be learned from Rome is to give all citi-
zens equality. This is important because, Frey states, Angry over
the lack of power, the plebeians marched out of the city and
camped on a nearby hill. They refused to come back until the patri-
cians met their demands(Frey 319). This shows how much politi-
cal power the Patricians had over Plebeians. Inside of Rome, there
were the upper class Patricians and the lower-class plebeians. Ple-
beians populated about 95 percent of Rome, and they had to do
whatever the Patricians wanted them to do. At the early stages of
Rome, the Plebeians could not contribute in the Senate or Consul.
The Senate was a group of 300 men elected by Patricians. They
served for life, appointed government ofcials, and served as
judges. The Consuls were two elected leaders who shared com-
mand over the army. The lack of power made the plebeians angry
and both the Patricians and Plebeians struggled over power. This
lack of power was known as the Conict of the Orders. As the
Conict of the Orders gained momentum, the plebeians left Rome
and camped on a hill outside of the city. They refused to come back
10
Source:
http://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/apr/15/clas
sics-james-kelman
This is an image of the
Roman Senate that
had 300 people in it in
which they made
laws.
Image 2.1 The Roman Senate
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until patricians met their demands. Eventually, the patricians had
to accept the Plebeian demands because if a rival came and at-
tacked the city, then no one would be able to defend it. The Patri-
cians met the demands of the Plebeians, which were allowing the
Plebeians to elect ofcials called Tribunes of the Plebs. Tribunes
spoke for the Plebeians to the Senate and consuls, and later gained
the power to veto or overrule actions that they thought were not
right. In 451 B.C.E., the laws that were passed had to be written
down on tablets named the Twelve Tables, everyone in the town
could see them. In 287 B.C.E., the Plebeians gained the right to pass
laws. The Assemblies now consisted of Plebeians and could reject
laws. Plus, they could elect Consuls, Tribunes, and the member of
the Senate. A modern day tie in to this is Obama Care. Obama Care
is trying to make all citizens equal. In the end, important lesson
should be learned from Rome and its government.
Code of Laws
There are several threats to the civilization of Robertopopalis. The major
threats are resource loss, not enough people to ght in the army, lack of
medical care, murder/ theft, and the potential overthrow of the govern-
ment. Robertopopalis needs to make a law about resource loss because
inside of a desert oasis there are little resources available, and Roberto-
popalis must take advantage of all resources. A law or laws to prevent
the overthrow of the government will be written down as well. A law to
address not enough people enlisting in the army during a war will need
to be made because the civilization of Robertopopalis does not want to
be destroyed. Their need to be laws about medical care, murder, and
theft because everyone needs medical care. Plus, murder and theft are
necessary should be illegal. If everyone goes around killing people,
then Robertopopalis will get out of control.
I. Law: Must get approval to modify the environment.
Penalty:
1st time: community service for one week.
2nd time: ne.
3rd time: Imprisonment 10 years.
4th time: Imprisonment for life.
II. Law: Everyone pays taxes, which pay for their medical care.
Penalty: No medical care.
III. Law: Murder and theft illegal. Must show up in court if convicted.
Penalty: For murder that person who killed the person will be put in jail
for 10 years. If they kill someone again they will be killed. For theft the
person will need to pay double the amount in which they stole the item.
If they cant pay double then they will become their slave for 6 months.
IV. Law: Every man over 15 must serve in a war if one is happening.
Penalty: Public humiliation then imprisonment for double the wartime.
V. Law: No one can plot to overthrow the government or assassinate
the ruler.
Penalty: Automatic DEATH.
The rst law, law I, is one of the most important laws because inside of
a desert oasis there are little resources, so Robertopopalis needs to take
advantage of all of them. If someone destroys the environment than
11
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
that depletes Robertopopaliss resources and the civilization will perish.
There are no laws about protecting the environment in Hammurabis
Code or The Twelve Tables, but having a law about protecting the lim-
ited resources will be perfect for the environment of a desert oasis. The
second law is another great law because each person pays for his or her
own medical care. If a person does not pay the taxes then they will not
get medical care. A lot of civilizations such as the Romans and Babylo-
nian, but to Robertopopalis civilians this law makes complete sense.
The third law about murder and theft seems right because if somebody
kills another person they should get one more chance, but they cannot
just kill somebody and think about not having a consequence. This law
seems a little less bad than Hammurabis codes about an eye for an eye
and so on. Robertopopalis has learned from the civilization of Babylon
to not make the consequences so harsh. The next law is very important
because it talks about having enough people to enlist in the army. This
law was not based off of the Twelve Table or Hammurabis Code, but it
is like Spartan laws because in Sparta at a young age children were
taught mostly about war and ghting techniques. Even women were
taught how to use a bow and ght. The last and nal law to be passed is
to not plot to overthrow the government or assassinate the ruler. This
law is written down for Robertopopalis because the citizens of Roberto-
popalis have learned from the Romans. They learned from the Romans
because the Romans had 3 different government changes within 250
years. All of these laws, which are very important to Robertopopalis,
are needed for this civilization to grow into a successful civilization.
12
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi
This is a picture of Hammurabis Code used by the civili-
zation of Babylon in which it was used as a piece of pa-
per to write down laws.
Image 2.2 Hammurabis Code of Laws
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13
Julius Caesar the Great or the Blah
Political lessons that the civilization of Robertopopalis should
learn from Julius Caesars rule are to keep the civilizations citi-
zens happy and to continue to create buildings and monuments.
Julius Caesar did some things to make Roman citizens dislike
and like him. The things that Julius Caesar did to make his civili-
zation hate and eventually turn their backs on him were to act
like a king or absolute. This made the aristocrats and Roman Sen-
ate plot to kill Julius because they thought that with his rule he
would turn Rome into a monarchy instead of a republican govern-
ment, the government that the Romans strived for. As stated in
Julius Caesars Rule as Dictator, the author states, The aristo-
crats of Rome and many Senators feared that if Caesars power
continued, the republican government would never be restored
and Caesar would hand down his leadership to an heir. This
quote from the text demonstrates Caesars power and how some
peoples thought what he was like. Along with Julius Caesar mak-
ing some people hate him, he also made many people in Rome
appreciate his acts. The things which Caesar did to make his peo-
ple like him were to give more jobs to the lower class, host gladia-
tor events in which poorer people could get in for free, establish
Roman colonies, reduce taxes, allow people from conquered terri-
tories to become Roman citizens, and appoint new governors. As
stated in Julius Caesars Rule as Dictator, By limiting the num-
ber of slaves estates could employ, poor free people were able to
nd more work. This sentence talks about one of the many
things that Caesar did to make his people appreciate him as ruler.
Robertopopalis will avoid the mistakes made by Caesar by not
having a dictator as a leader and choose a smart and worthy per-
son to become ruler. These are some are the remarkable deeds
that Caesar did for Rome that Robertopopalis should learn from
to become a more successful civilization.
Image 2.3 Julius Caesar
Source:
http://people-reports.com/julius-caesar.html
Ahhh Another Caesar
Important lessons that Roberto-
popalis should learn from Cae-
sar Augustuss rule are to make
people happy and to give peo-
ple freedom. Creating an emer-
gency response unit will make
the citizens of Robertopopalis
appreciate the leadership of the
government more. If they are
grateful for the leadership and
established government, then
they are less likely to revolt or
cause trouble. For instance, the
author of Political Leadership
of Caesar Augustus states, To further improve safety, he also
established a re department and a police force. This statement
is important because it talks about Augustus and his emergency
response departments that makes Rome more safe. If Robertopo-
palis creates a police force and re department, then the civiliza-
tion will be safer for the citizens. Also, the leaders of Robertopo-
palis will need to keep strict laws in moderation, and give citi-
zens more freedom than in the past in Rome. For example, the
author of the aforemention article says, Augustus made family
matters such as marriage, divorce, and childrearing public by hav-
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14
ing laws passed to promote marriage and childbearing. This
statement from the text is important in Robertopopaliss opinion
because it talks about the strict laws, which Augustus Caesar put
on citizens personal lives. Doing this made the citizens dislike
the leader of their civilization more and more. In conclusion, Rob-
ertopopalis needs to learn from the mistakes and great deeds
done by Augustus Caesar.
Image 1.4 Caesar Augustus
Source:
http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ355/choi/augustus.
htm
Caesar Augustus was Julius
Caesars adopted son
and became leader after his
fathers death.
http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ355/choi/augustus.
htm
Image 1.5 The Modern Day Fire Department
This is picture of the
modern day re
department. In
Rome they helped
put out res just like
nowadays.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_re_department
Image 1.6 The Modern Day Police Force
This is an image of
the modern day po-
lice force. They stop
crimes and arrest
people. The Romans
also had a police
force just like cer-
tain towns do in pre-
sent day.
http://stvp.stanford.edu/blog/?attachment_id=5897
Decline of Western Rome.
Die Western Rome Die!!!! Mwahaaaaaa!! (in your
mind think of drumming)
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15
Many problems contributed to the decline of Western Romes
civilization, but the nal blow to Western Rome was because of
military spending. Military spending was the main reason why
Western Rome fell because spending so much money on the mili-
tary limited the building and restoration of other things. Be-
cause of this, the Romans became angry and lost the desire to de-
fend the Roman Empire. Instead of hiring trained soldier, the
leaders of Western Rome had to hire people that were not as
loyal to the emperor. Robertopopalis will learn from Western
Romes mistakes by trying to limit the area in which Robertopo-
palis rules. By doing this, Robertopopalis will not need to hire
an army as big and keep prices cheap for doing other things in
the civilization. For example, the author of Decline of the West-
ern Roman Empire states, The empire had to begin hiring sol-
diers recruited from the unemployed city mobs or worse from
foreign counties. Such an army was not only unreliable, but very
expensive. This statement from the text is important because
the author talks about the difculties that Western Rome faced
while hiring enough people to enlist in the army. In conclusion,
Robertopopalis will
need to learn from West-
ern Romes mistakes in
military spending to be-
come a more successful
civilization.
This image is of Western
Rome burning to smither-
ines.
http://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/20351
Die Western Rome, Die!!!
Many problems contributed to the decline of Western
Romes civilization, but the nal blow to Western Rome was be-
cause of military spending. Military spending was the main rea-
son why Western Rome fell because spending so much money on
the military limited the building and restoration of other things.
Because of this, the Romans became angry and lost the desire to
defend the Roman Empire. Instead of hiring trained soldiers, the
leaders of Western Rome had to hire people that were not as loyal
to the emperor. Robertopopalis will learn from Western Romes
mistakes by trying to limit the area in which Robertopopalis rules.
By doing this, Robertopopalis will not need to hire an army as big
and will keep prices cheap for doing other things in the civiliza-
tion. For example, the author of Decline of the Western Roman Em-
pire states, The empire had to begin hiring soldiers recruited
from the unemployed city mobs or worse from foreign counties.
Such an army was not only unreliable, but very expensive. This
statement from the text is important because the author describes
the difculties that Western Rome faced while hiring enough peo-
ple to enlist in the army. In conclusion, Robertopopalis will need
to learn from Western Romes mistakes in military spending to be-
come a more successful civilization.
Image 1.7 Western Rome burning
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CHAPTER 3
16
Belief Systems
Believe that life is worth living and your be-
lief will help create the fact.- William James
http://wakeup-world.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/
Beliefs.jpg
This is a picture of the different belief systems across the
world.
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3
How a Civilization Without a Belief System is Bed Head
Imagine a world without a belief system. One of chaos, destruc-
tion, anger, fear, people running free, and res raging across Earth.
Is this a type of environment that you would like to live in? A civi-
lization needs a belief system because it is like a law. Belief sys-
tems can tell people right from wrong, write history, and change
peoples perspectives. The importance of a belief system is key to
a civilization trying to stay aoat. Like a keystone in an archway, it
brings people together and keeps the civilization in one piece. For
instance, in Hindu belief, To follow ones dharma means to per-
form ones duties and so to live as one should (Frey 148). This is
important because dharma makes Hindus do what their duty is to
do. Religion can be bad or good depending on what the religion
tells people to do. This is why a belief system can keep people in
Impact of Belief Systems
17
http://resources.woodlands-junior.ke
nt.sch.uk/homework/egypt/images/
sp.jpg
This is an image of the Great Pyramids
of Egypt. The Egyptians believed in
burying Kings and Queens inside of
these huge pyramids.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
order and on the right track to a better life and, more importantly, a
better community.
In order to better understand the importance of belief systems
within a civilization and how they can inuence the actions and de-
cisions of a people, please consider the following moral dilemma:
To Tell or Not to Tell
Judy is a twelve-year-old girl. Her mother promised her that she
could go to a special rock concert coming to their town if she saved
up her baby-sitting money to buy a ticket to the concert. She man-
aged to save up the fteen dollars the ticket cost plus another ve
dollars. But then her mother changed her mind and told Judy that
she had to spend the money on new clothes for school. Judy was
disappointed and decided to go to the concert anyway. She bought
a ticket and told her mother that she had only been able to save
ve dollars. That Saturday she went to the performance and told
her mother that she was spending the day with a friend. A week
passed without her mother nding out. Judy then told her older
sister, Louise, that she had gone to the performance and had lied to
her mother about it. Louise wonders whether to tell their mother
what Judy did.
If Louise were a Hindu, then she would have told her mother
that Judy went to the concert. Louise would have told on her
younger sister because it was her dharma. Dharma stands for law,
obligation, and duty, this means that as the older sibling, she
would need to look out for the younger sibling and not provoke
bad actions. As Frey states, To follow ones dharma means to per-
form ones duties, and so to live as one should (Frey 148). This
quote from the text is important to this situation because by not
performing ones duties, one is not living, as one should. If Louise
did tell on her younger sister, then she would not be living, as one
should. Also, in the long run, their mother is probably going to
nd out and so it would be easier to tell now and not get into trou-
ble instead of not telling and getting into more trouble. So, in the
end, Louise should tell her mother that Judy went to the concert.
Louise would also tell
on her younger sister if
she was practicing Bud-
dhism. This is because it
is her Right Effort and
Right Action. As stated
in The Eightfold Path,
Buddha said people
should not kill, steal, or
lie (Frey 159). The key
word in this sentence is LIE. By lying to her mother, Louise would
have failed to follow The Eightfold Path, and failed the teachings
of the Buddha. Also, Right Effort means to promote good actions
and prevent evil actions. Lying is an evil action, so this means that
if Louise lied she would not be following The Eightfold Path. The
18
Image 3.1 Confucius
Confucius was the founder of Confucian-
ism.
http://lifeondoverbeach.les.wordpress.
com/2013/09/confucius.jpg
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
Eightfold Path is the ways to end suffering as outlined in the Four
Noble Truths. In Buddhism, people do not want to disobey the
Eightfold Path because then they could not achieve enlightenment.
In the end, Louise should tell her mother or else she will never
reach enlightenment.
Whereas in Hinduism and Buddhism Louise should tell on
her sister, in Confucianism she does not have to. This is because
Confucius taught the saying, Do not do to others what you would
not want done to you (Frey 208). Common sense states Louise
would not want to have been told on, so this means she would not
tell their mother. Think about it, would you like to be told on and
get in trouble? In conclusion, if Louise was a Confucian, she would
not be able to tattle tail on her baby sister without dishonoring Con-
fucian thought and the ve basic relationships.
As you can see, a civilization needs a belief system or else it
will turn out to be as if Godzilla attacked it. The civilization, Rober-
topopalis, wants to be known for wisdom, tness, and advance-
ment. Wisdom will allow Robertopopalis to think strategically in
battle, and it will allow people to know how to govern a civiliza-
tion. Having a civilization that is t means it can ght well in bat-
tle, and stay healthy. The nal thing Robertopopalis should be
known for is advancements. Advancements lets Robertopopalis cre-
ate new creations for the greater good of the people. For example,
new advances in technology will let Robertopopalis create a more
advanced civilization, a civilization living in the future. Robertopo-
palis would like to shadow the Confucianism religion because they
value education. This does not mean that Robertopopalis will be
exactly the same and have the same religion, but Robertopopalis
would like to be intelligence just like the in Confucian belief.
The 3 Pillars of Belief in Robertopopalis
In an effort to create a successful civilization, the
people of Robertopopalis have established their own belief system.
This belief system shares similar moral values and teachings with
other world religions and helps the people of Robertopopalis with
tness, wisdom, and advancements. Here are some examples.
19
Image 3.2 Siddhartha
Siddhartha was the founder of Buddhism. He prayed un a Bodhi
tree to nd enlightenment.
http://www.buddhistedu.org/en/images/stories/buddhist_stu
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
The rst moral value that Robertopopalis is known for is t-
ness. Robertopopalis has created the moral value of tnessence to
employ tness in the belief of the civilization. Robertopopalis
makes people participate in an active event every Sunday, for at
least 2 hours. This practice is similar to what Frey states. For exam-
ple, Such practices include ritual bathing, lighting sacred (holy)
res, and worshipping certain deities (144). This quote is impor-
tant because ritual bathing means to be cleansed in water. This re-
lates to tness because the civilians of Robertopopalis cleanse them-
selves and feel better about themselves after getting exercise. Fit-
ness is a great value for citizens and keeps the people of Robertopo-
palis active.
The second moral value that Robertopopalis is known for is
wisdom. Wisdom makes people wiser and smarter. To ensure that
the citizens of Robertopopalis use wisdom in their life, Robertopo-
palis has adopted the moral value named wisdomestics. With wis-
domestics people have more knowledge, which is helpful in life
and the long run. Also, Robertopopalis makes civilians graduate
from college with at least all B-s and ask people to respect their eld-
ers, unless they want you to do the unthinkable. For instance, Frey
states, In particular, they must respect their elders (208). This
quote is important because Confucius taught to respect your eld-
ers, just like what Robertopopalis is trying to teach. In conclusion,
wisdom is a great second moral value to have because it can make
people smarter and more intelligent people in a society.
The nal moral value, which Robertopopalis would like to be
known for, is advancements. The advancements allow the civiliza-
tion of Robertopopalis to create new things and live in the future.
To make sure that citizens abide by these rules, the moral values of
Robertopopalis, a person needs to invent something or go to a
school focused on inventing and advancements. The name for this
moral value is advancementology the study of advancements. For
example, Frey states, After his death, some of them collected his
sayings in a book called The Analects. Later scholars further devel-
oped Confucianism (209). This quote represents that the scholars
compiled Confucianism by creating the book, The Analects. In the
end, advancements, tness, and wisdom are the three best moral
values to have, and they are treating the civilization of Robertopo-
palis extremely well.
20
Image 3.3 The Analects
The book of Analects was the book that Confucianism
was based upon.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8
/84/Rongo_Analects_02.jpg
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
It is a Bird, It is a Plane, It is Just Guadaconuzer
The civilization of Robertopopalis has built the pyramid of
Guadaconuzer, which is similar to the pyramids in Egypt. Guada-
conuzer was created to honor the value of advancement. The Pyra-
mid of Guadaconuzer honors this value by showing the citizens of
Robertopopalis the design and mathematics used to create the Pyra-
mid of Guadaconuzer, hence advancement. According to Richard
Koslow, a professor at Cornell University writing about the Great
Pyramids of Egypt, With suitable bearings, bedding, and geome-
try, even a smaller force would be required to slide the load. Thus,
it would require 900-pounds of force to pull a 9,000-pound stone,
or six men applying a force of 150-pounds each. This quote shows
that the advancements of the Egyptians must have been pretty sig-
nicant to create such massive structures. In conclusion, the Pyra-
mid of Guadaconuzer shows the people of Robertopopalis is ad-
vancements and inspires them to invent different things.
My Coat of Arms
The spear represents strength, power, and deceit because it is sharp
and pointy weapon.
The heart represents love and caring for one another like a mother
cares for her child.
The basketball, baseball bat, and baseball represent tness and
health.
The falcon represents bravery like Superman or Batman.
The green back round the land, while the blue represents the
ocean, big and vast.
The red outline represents blood of conquests and hard fought
wars.
The yellow represents a contrast of colors to very the much used
brown.
Role of the Church
21
Image 3.4 Coat of Arms
This is a picture of my Coat of Arms. We constructed them
in class as an activity. The different drawing represented dif-
ferent strengths such as power or helpfulness.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
Chruchology
The church played a major role in inuencing the peoples
thoughts and actions because it was the religion that most people
followed and had faith in. The Catholic Church inuenced the peo-
ple in Medieval Europe by providing education, salvation, and
safety/power. The church inuenced safety/power because, in
some cases, the church was above the king and queen in the social
latter. The church had a major part in power because religion con-
trolled the people, and therefore the Pope controlled the people be-
cause he controlled the religion. For example, a major power strug-
gle happened between Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII. Gregory
VII wanted to hold more power in the kingdom by creating laws
and making appointments in the religion. This angered Henry IV
because he thought he should have more power because of the Di-
vine Right of Kings, and he tried to make Gregory VII not Pope
anymore. The Pope then excommunicated Henry IV from the
church and King Henry wanted to come back. Frey states, Legend
has it that the pope let Henry stand barefoot in the snow for three
days before he forgave him (33). This struggle of power shows
that the church had more power than the king. Pope Urban IIs
speech was another story about religion and the crusades. Pope Ur-
ban IIs Speech convinced the people to go and ght in the crusade
and gain the right into heaven. The church also provided believers
with good educations and had the rst universities in Europe. The
churches taught grammar, rhetoric, astronomy, and music. The rst
member of the church who encouraged an educational system was
Charlemagne. In the end, the church had many inuences and
played a major role in peoples thoughts and actions because of
how much people had faith in Catholicism.
Image 3.5 An ancient Catholic Church
This is a picture of an an-
cient Catholic Church. These
were the places in which
christians went to worship God. Also, it was a major place of educa-
tion.
Source:
http://cheapbreaks.les.wordpress.com/2010/06/plovdiv4.jpg
22
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
Source: http://vedux.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Idea.jpg
A person with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds..
-Mark Twain
CHAPTER 4
23
Power of Ideas Chapter
This image demon-
strated the power of
ideas because it bring
people together
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
SECTION 4
Humanists Impact on the World
European society changed dramatically due to new ques-
tions posed by the Humanists against the ideas of the Roman
Catholic Church and other institutions. Humanism was developed
because people began to think about new ideas and question the
things they did not understand. Francesco Petrarch, a well-known
poet, was the founder of humanism. Humanists were people who
questioned everything which helped lead to the Renaissance, but
Humanists mostly questioned the ideas of the church. Humanists
Image 4.1 Ideas
Source: http://rappingmanual.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/BrightIdea.jpeg
How New Ideas Advance and
Threaten Society
24
This picture shows lightbulbs, which represent ideas.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
questioned the ideas of the church in many different ways such as
social standing, faith, life, death, and much more. As the humanists
questioned the church, the
church had to revolt against the
humanists. Sometimes, the
church decided to kill humanists
because of how much they ques-
tioned the ideas of the church.
As Frey states, An Italian hu-
manist, Giordano Bruno, paid
for his ideas by being burned at
the stake (321). This quote
shows that the church killed
Giordano Bruno because he was
questioning the churches beliefs
and ideas. Not only did human-
ists question everything, but they
also had many advancements in
different categories. For instance,
there were advancements in
painting. As Frey states, One
key advancement made by Renaissance painters was dis-
covery of perspective (326). This quote shows that the church
killed Giordano Bruno because he was questioning the churches
beliefs and ideas. In the end, the humanists changed European soci-
ety, and the way we look at things to this day.
Humanists Effects on Robertopopalis
If a humanist were to enter the civilization of Robertopopalis
then they would question the ideas of tness in Robertopopalis.
The humanists believe in questioning everything, so the Human-
ists would question each and every law and moral value in Rober-
topopalis? One such example is the value of tness. For example,
as a moral value states, The rst moral value that Robertopopalis
is known for is tness. Robertopopalis has created the moral value
of tnessence to employ tness in the belief of the civilization (Bu-
chanan 21). This quote shows the ideas of tnessence. A humanist
would ask the question, why do you care so much about tness
and not as much about education like the arts, science, and mathe-
matics? As a way for Robertopopalis to counteract this question,
Robertopopalis would use funding and taxes for educational
schools that are specically designed for mathematics, science, or
the arts. Questioning the ideas of tness will better benet educa-
tion, which would develop a smarter community. Along with the
humanists beneting a smarter community, they would also pro-
vide stronger laws. This would happen because there would be
less room for improvement as the Humanists continue to question
the laws and make the laws sturdier. In conclusion, Robertopopalis
would become more successful due to Humanists questioning
every law and moral value, which would create a better anchor in
the society. In modern day, Humanists would question the Death
Penalty in the U.S.A because Humanists care about everybodys in-
dividual dignity. They would ask, why would somebody be put to
death? This is one of the laws currently that the Humanists would
question.
Impact of New Ideas
By the Late Middle Ages, there were two main problems,
which contributed to the weakening of the Catholic Church. One
of the reasons why the church weakened in power was because of
25
This is a picture of Leonardo Da
Vinci. He was a Humanist.
Source:
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-W1U_YgBTW
wo/UazZ05Qt8bI/AAAAAAAAA3A/av_
krhrBVS4/s1600/Leonardo+da+Vinci.JPG
Image 4.2 Leonardo Da Vinci
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
corruption. Many of the religious leaders of the church started to
defy the rules and vows of the church. As Frey states, For exam-
ple, priests, monks, and nuns made vows, or solemn promises, not
to marry or have children(348). This quote shows that the church
deed the their laws of being a leaf on the religious tree. One such
action was selling indul-
gences, which was a way
for people to buy their
way into the heaven. Peo-
ple of high power such as
kings and lords could do
anything they wanted but
then use their money to
buy a ticket to heaven. An-
other abusive practice of
the church was called sim-
ony. Simony was a way
for people to buy ofces
and gain money off of the
church, while the
church gained money
from the ofces as well.
Not only did the
church use simony and
indulgences to gain
money, but they also had tithes. Tithes were a way of the church to
gain 10% of what each person made. This was one of the reasons
how the church weakened in power during the Late Middle Ages.
The second cause of the declining of the Catholic Church was
because of political conict between rulers. Because the kings and
queens continued to try and gain more political power, the church
got involved. One story of a quarrel between the church and the
ruler was the Pope against King Philip IV. King Philip wanted to
try and tax the Pope, but the Pope revolted by excommunicating
him from the church. However, the king hired soldier to kidnap
the Pope, and the Pope died a few week after he was released.
Pope Clement V ended the dispute by moving the church. As Frey
states, In 1309, Clement moved his headquarters from Rome to
the French city of Avignon (349). This quote shows how the battle
ended, and where the headquarters of the church was moved to.
This lead to the Great Schism, which was yet was yet another con-
ict that involved the church. Many different things happened un-
til there were eventually three different Popes that were elected at
the same time, and they battled over power, which got the people
to think how corrupt Catholicism was. This was the second big rea-
son why the Catholic Church depleted in popularity.
Many reformers during the Late Middle Ages questioned the
ideas of the church and eventually they were excommunicated and
sometimes killed. Martin Luther was a priest and he thought no
one could earn salvation, but instead it was a gift from God. Mar-
tin Luther was the developer of the Ninety-ve Theses, which
were arguments against the church. The reason why Luther cre-
ated the Ninety-ve Theses was because Pope Leo X needed
money for a new cathedral, and he went all over Europe selling in-
dulgences. Martin Luther also expressed his thoughts. As Frey
states, He argued that the Biblenot the pope or church lead-
erswas the ultimate source of religious authority (353). This
quote shows one of the things Luther expressed. Another reformer
named John Wycliffe questioned the ideas of the church and trans-
lated the Bible from Latin into English. Unfortunately for Wycliffe,
26
Image 4.3 Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a monk, but even-
tually he realized that the church
was selling tickets into heaven, while
he thought that you needed to be ac-
cepted and that it was a gift.
Source
http://www.biography.com/people
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
there were some consequences. As Frey states, The pope accused
Wycliffe of heresy, or opinions that contradict church doctrine. Wy-
cliffes followers were persecuted, and some of them were burned
to death (350). This quote represents that the reformers and their
followers had severe consequences with going against the
churches ideals. In conclusion, the reformers went against the
ideas of the church.
The downsides of Martin Luther going against the church
were very serious. Because Luther wrote the Ninety-ve Theses,
the church excommunicated him. Plus, he was brought before the
Diet of Worms and refused to take back his teachings. Not only
that but the Holy Roman emperor called Martin Luther a heretic.
During the scufe with the church Luther designed his own relig-
ion called Lutheranism. Luther needed supporters for his religion,
so he turned towards the princes of Germany. Peasants rejected Lu-
theranism because a revolt broke out and instead of Luther sup-
porting the demands, the reformers denounced the peasants and
sided with the rulers so the princes would support Lutheranism.
As Frey states, By the time the uprising was crushed, tens of thou-
sands of peasants had been brutally killed. Many peasants rejected
Lutheranism (353). This quote shows why the peasants did to
want to follow Lutheranism and because of the battle, Luther lost a
lot of what could have been followers. In the end, these were some
of the consequences that came to Martin Luther as he went against
the church and started his own religion.
Robertopoplis Actions About New Questions and Ideas
If people in the civilization of Robertopopalis question the
ideas of the civilization, then the ideas will be brought upon a jury
of the most renown and smartest people in Robertopopalis. If the
idea or question is helpful to Robertopopalis then the political lead-
ers will enforce the idea and use it to create a more successful com-
munity. However, if the idea or question is crazy and does not
benet the community then the person will be put in an under-
ground jail because of their insanity. Once a month (if each person
asks) the people will be given a test, which marks weather or not
they are insane. If they pass the Insanity Test then the person will
be able to leave the jail and once again start a life in Robertopo-
palis. One particular person who was considered insane was Gali-
leo. Frey states, Galileos Dialogue caused an uproar (393). This
quote shows that people like Galileo were
insane, but if they pass the test
then they will be able to live a hap-
pier life. By using the Insanity
Test, the people that were sup-
posed to be mental will be able to
live a life in Robertopopalis. In the
end, these are the actions Roberto-
popalis is taking to people with
new ideas.
Click!
If Robertopopalis were to let some-
body enter their civilization, then
Robertopopalis would nominate
Galileo because of the great ideas
and inventions he created. Gali
leos discoveries contradicted the
churches beliefs and the church
27
This is a picture of Galileo.
He was the inventor of the
telescope. His ideas contra-
dicted the ideas of the church.
Source:
http://upload.wikimedia.org
Image
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
tried to stop him. One such idea,
which contradicted the church,
was the Copernican Theory. As Frey states, Galileos biggest im-
pact came when he turned his curiosity to the heavens. What he
learned made him a champion of the Copernican Theory (392).
This quote shows the impact and ideas Galileo had when he fo-
cused on one thing and wanted to learn more about it. A person
like this will bring Robertopopalis many new inventions, which
will advance the civilization of Robertopoplis. One of the moral val-
ues of Robertopoplis is advancement and this is why Galileo will
be a perfect key to the keyhole in a civilization. In the end, the
ideas and creations Galileo made will better benet the civilization
of Robertopoplis.

28
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51
SECTION 2
=
29
Bibliography:
Frey, Wendy. History Alive!: The Ancient World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers Curriculum Institute, 2011. Print.
Frey, Wendy. History Alive!: The Medieval world and Beyond. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers Curriculum Institute, 2011.
Print.
Buchanan, Robert Thursday, June 5, 2014 8:31:48 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:cf:51

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