Electric Circuit and Fields

Test Paper-1
electric circuits and elds

Source Book: GATE CLOUD Electric Circuits & Fields (Vol-1 and Vol-2)
Author: RK Kanodia & Ashish Murolia Edition: 1
st
ISBN: 9788192348360, 9788192348377
Publisher : JHNUJHUNUWALA
Visit us at: www.nodia.co.in
Q. No. 1 - 10 Carry One Mark Each
MCQ 1.1 Consider a network which consists of resistors and voltage sources only. If the
values of all the voltage sources are doubled, then the values of mesh current will be
(A) doubled (B) same
(C) halved (D) none of these
SOL 1.1 Option (A) is correct.
From the principal of superposition, doubling the values of voltage source doubles
the mesh currents.
MCQ 1.2 In the circuit below, equivalent capacitance across terminal a-b is measured with
switch S is open. If the switch is closed, the equivalent capacitance
(A) increases
(B) decreases
(C) remains unchanged
(D) none of these
SOL 1.2 Option (C) is correct.
When the switch is open
Page 2 electric circuits and fields Test Paper-1
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C
eq

( ) ( )( )
2 4
2 4
4 2
4 2
=
+
+
+

6
8
6
8
= + F
6
16
3
8
= =
When the switch is closed

eq
Cl
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
F
2 2 4 4
2 2 4 4
4 8
4 8
3
8
=
+ + +
+ +
=
+
=

eq
Cl C
eq
=
MCQ 1.3 What is the time constant of the circuit shown in the figure below ?
(A) 24 s (B) 128 s
(C) 32 s (D) 96 s
Time constant, R C
eq eq
=
C
eq

( )( )
3
F
C C
C C
2 6
2 6
2
1 2
1 2
=
+
=
+
=
R
eq
" Thevenin resistance across C
eq
R
eq
10 8 | | 24 10 6 16 = + = + =
^ h
16 24 s
2
3
#
= =
MCQ 1.4 The value of R that satisfies the following circuit to exhibits critically damped
response, is
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(A) 88.4 (B) 176.8
(C) 353.6 (D) 125 k
For critically damped response

0
=

RC 2
1

LC
1
=
L R C 4
2
=
5 10
3
#

R 4 10 10
2 9
# # #
=

R 353.6 =
MCQ 1.5 Which of the following is equivalent of the circuit shown in figure
SOL 1.5 Option (B) is correct.
I 10 A
j2
20 0
90
c
c = = (Using source transformation)
Z 2 j =
MCQ 1.6 For an ac circuit if
( ) v t 112 ( 20 ) cos V t c = +
( ) i t 8 ( 40 ) cos A t c =
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the average power and reactive power absorbed by the circuit respectively are
(A) 224 W, 388 VAR (B) 448 W, 3 VAR 88
(C) 448 W, 153 VAR (D) 421 W, 153 VAR
Phasors, V 112 V 20c =
I 8 A 40c =
Complex power, S VI
2
1
=
)
2
1
112 20 8 40
# #
c c =
448 60c =
224 387.97 VA j = +
Average Power, P 224 W =
Reactive power Q 388 VAR -
MCQ 1.7 What is the value of L
eq
in the circuit shown below ?
(A) 25 H (B) 15 H
(C) 5 H (D) 20 H
To obtain equivalent inductance, put a test source at the input port
By Writing kVL
Mesh 1: V
1
5 5 5 j j j I I I
1 1 2
= + +
V
1
10 5 j j I I
1 2
= + ...(i)
Mesh 2: 0 3 2 5 j j j I I I
2 2 1
= + +
0 5 5 j j I I
1 2
= +
or, I
1
I
2
=
Substituting above into equation (i)
V
1
10 5( ) j j I I
1 1
= +
V
1
5 j I
1
=
Input impedance Z
in
5 j j L
I
V
eq
1
1
= = =
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L
eq
5 H =
MCQ 1.8 A series RLC circuit has lower and upper half power frequencies as 100 /sec rad
and 110 /sec rad , quality factor is
(A) 10 (B) 0.1
(C) 10.48 (D) 11
Resonant frequency,
0

1 2
=
104.88 /sec rad 100 110
#
= =
Bandwidth, B
2 1
=
110 100 10 /sec rad = =
Quality factor, Q
.
10.48 /sec rad
B 10
104 88
0
= = =
MCQ 1.9 An inductor of inductance L Henry and with an initial current I
0
is represented in
s-domain by
(A) an impedance Ls connected in series with a voltage source LI
0
.
(B) an impedance Ls connected in parallel with a current source
s
I
0
b l
.
(C) an impedance Ls connected in series with a current source I
0
.
(D) both (A) and (B).
SOL 1.9 Option (D) is correct.
In the time domain
( ) v t
( )
L
dt
di t
=
Taking Laplace transform
( ) V s [ ( ) ( )] L sI s i 0 =
( ) LsI s LI
0
= ( ( ) ) i I 0
0
=
The equivalent circuit in s-domain
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Now, ( ) V s ( ) LsI s LI
0
=
( ) I s
( )
Ls
V s
s
I
0
= +
The equivalent circuit in s-domain
MCQ 1.10 Which parameters are most useful for characterizing the circuit shown in figure
below ?
(A) z -parameter
(B) y-parameter
(C) h-parameter
(D) ABCD-parameter
The z -parameters are defined as
V
1
z I z I
11 1 12 2
= + ...(i)
V
2
z I z I
21 1 22 2
= + ...(ii)
From the above equations, the general equivalent network can be obtained as
shown below
From the above circuit equation (i) and (ii) can be obtained directly.
Now, comparing this circuit with given circuit
z
11
Z
1
=
z
12
0 =
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z
21
=
z
22
Z
2
=
Q. No. 11- 21 Carry Two Marks Each
MCQ 1.11 The circulation of cos sin z A a a
z
= +
around the edge L of the wedge given

below is
(A) 1 (B) 1
(C) 0 (D) 3
SOL 1.11 Option (A) is correct
As shown in the figure the integral will be taken in three segments as
dl A
L
: # dl A
3 2 1
: = + + b l # # #
C C C
1 2 3
= + +
Along 1st contour d d l a =

, C
1
cos d
0
0
2
=
=
#
2
2
2
= =
Along 2nd contour d d l a =

, C
2
0 dl A: =
Along 3rd contour d d l a =

, C
3
cos d
0
2
60
=
c =
#
1
4
2
0
2
= =
; E
dl A
L
: # C C C
1 2 3
= + + 1 =
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Alternate method :
Since, we have to direction the integral for the closed contour so we can also
evaluate it by using stokess theorem as
d A l
L
:
#
d A S
#
d = ^ h #
now A
#
d
a
A
a
A
a
A
1
z
z
z
=
2
2
2
2
2
2
R
T
S
S
S
S
V
X
W
W
W
W

cos sin z
a a a
1
0
z
z
=
2
2
2
2
2
2
R
T
S
S
S
S
V
X
W
W
W
W

1
cos sin z a a a
1
0 0
1
0
= + +
^ ^ h h 6 @

cos
sin
z
a a
z
= +
d d d S a
z
=
So, d A l :
#
sin A d d d d
z
S 0
60
0
2
= =
c
= =
^ ^ h h # # #
cos
2
2
0
2
0
60
#
=
c
; 6 E @

1
2
4
0
2
1
#
= b ^ l h : D
1 =
MCQ 1.12 The network function of circuit below is
( ) H
( )
( )
. j
j
j V
V
1 0 01
4
i
o
= =
+
The value of the C and A is
(A) 10 F , 6 (B) 5 F , 10
(C) 5 F , 6 (D) 10 F , 10
( ) j V
C

/
/
( )
j C
j C
j V
2 10 1
1
i
3
#

=
+ ^ ^ h h
(Using voltage division)
( ) j V
C

( )
j C
j V
1 2 10
i
3
#

=
+
...(i)
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( ) j V
o
( ) A j V
15k 30k
30k
C
=
+
(Using voltage division)
( )
A
j V
3
2
C
=
Substituting ( ) j V
C
from equation (i)
( ) j V
o

( )
( )
j C
A j V
3 1 2 10
2
i
3
#

=
+
Transfer function
&
( )
( )
j
j
V
V
i
o

/
j C
A
1 2 10
2 3
3
#

=
+
Comparing with given equation, we have

A
3
2
4 6 A & = =
2 10 C
3
#
0.01 =
C 5 = F
MCQ 1.13 In the ideal transformer circuit shown in the figure, average power absorbed by
10 resistor will be
(A) 10 W (B) 20 W
(C) 40 W (D) 5 W
Applying mesh analysis
Mesh 1:
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23 2 5( ) V I I I
1 1 1 2
0 =
2 5 5 V I I I
1 1 1 2
+ + 23 0c =
7 5 V I I
1 2 1
+ 23 = ...(i)
Mesh 2:
5( ) 10 I I V I
2 1 2 2
+ 0 =
V
2
5 5 10 I I I
2 1 2
= +
V
2
5 15 I I
1 2
= + ...(ii)
For ideal transformer,
V
2
2 nV V
1 1
= =
I
1
2 nI I
2 2
= =
Substituting V
2
and I
1
into equation (i) and (ii)
7(2 ) 5 I I V
2 2 1
+ 23 =
9I V
2 1
+ 23 = ...(iii)
2V
1
5(2 ) 15 I I
2 2
= +
2V
1
5 2.5 I V I
2 1 2
& = = ...(iv)
From equation (iii) & (iv)
9 2.5 I I
2 2
+ 23 =
I
2
2 A =
Average power absorbed by 10 resistor
P (2) (10) 20 W R I
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
= = =
MCQ 1.14 In the following circuit V
o
is
(A) 7.1 32.29c + kV (B) 42.59 32.29c + kV
(C) 38.49 24.39c + kV (D) 38.49 32.29c + kV
For the First load
Real power, P
1
16 kW =
Reactive power, Q
1
sin S
1 1
= 0 >
1
, because pf is leading
Apparent power, S
1

. pf
P
0 9
16
1
= =
So, Q
1

.
. 7.75 sin cos kVAR
0 9
16
0 9
1
= =
6 @
Complex power S
1
. P jQ j 16 7 75
1 1
= + = + VA
Similarly, For the second load
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Complex power S
2
P jQ
2 2
= +

.
. sin cos j 20
0 8
20
0 8
1
= +

6 @ j 20 15 = +
Complex power of the source
S 36 22.75 j S S
1 2
= + = + 42.59 . kVA 32 29c =
S 6 42.59 . V I V 32 29
o o
c
#
= = =
)
V
o
7.1 . V 32 29c =
MCQ 1.15 The circuit shown in figure (A) is reduced to the circuit as shown in figure (B).
In figure (A) it is given that
( ) v t
s1
200 (400 135 ) cos V t 2 c = +
( ) v t
s2
200 (400 36.87 ) cos V t c = +
( ) i t
s
8 (400 90 ) cos A t c = +
The values of ( ) v t
s
and Z
eq
in figure (B) are
(A) ( ) 416 (400 117.2 ) cos V v t t
s
c = + , 20 12.5 Z j
eq
= +
(B) ( ) 232 (400 56 ) cos V v t t
s
c = + , 20 40 Z j
eq
=
(C) ( ) 160 (400 32 ) cos V v t t
s
c = + , 20 40 Z j
eq
= +
(D) ( ) 80 (400 128 ) cos V v t t
s
c = + , 10 12.5 Z j
eq
= +
400 /sec rad =
25 mH (400)(25 10 ) 10 j j
3
&
#
=
50 F
( )( )
50
j
j
400 50 10
1
6
&
#
=
In phasor form V
s1
200 V 2 135c = , 200 . V V 36 87
s2
c = , 8 A I 90
s
c =
The circuit in frequency domain is shown as below
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Applying the source transformation
I
s1

j j
V
10 10
200 2 135
s1
c
= = 20 A
10 90
200 2 135
2 45
c
c
c = =
Combining parallel impedance

( )( )
j j
j j
10 50
10 50
12.5 j =
Adding parallel current source
I 8 90
s1
c + 20 2 45 8 90 c c = +
( ) j j 20 1 8 = + + 20 28 34.4 . A j 54 46c = + =
Transforming the current sources into voltage source
V
s3
. . . j 34 4 54 46 12 5
#
c =
. . . 34 4 54 46 12 5 90
#
c c = . . 430 12 144 46c =
Adding source and combing resistance
V
s
430. . 200 . 12 144 6 36 87 c c = +
j j 350 250 160 120 = + + +
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190 370 V j = + 415.93 . V 117 18c =
( ) v t
s
416 (400 117.18 ) cos V t c = +
Z
eq
20 12.5 j = +
MCQ 1.16 In the circuit shown in figure bulb A uses 36 W when lit, bulb B uses 24 W when
lit, and bulb C uses 14.4 W when lit. The additional A bulbs in parallel to this
circuit, that would be required to blow the fuse is
(A) 4 (B) 5
(C) 6 (D) 7
Current through bulb A I
A
3
12
36
= = A
Current through bulb B I
B
2
12
24
= = A
Current through bulb C I
C

.
1.2
12
14 4
= = A
Current required to blow fuse I
f
20 = A
The excess current which is required to blow the fuse is
20 (3 2 1.2) + + 13.8 = A
No. of additional A bulbs n
A

.
4.6
3
13 8
= =
So 5 additional A bulbs are required.
MCQ 1.17 In the following circuit the current I
1
is
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(A) 0.12 A (B) 0.24 A
(C) 0.36 A (D) 0.48 A
V
x
500I
1
= (Using Ohms Law)
Applying KVL in the loop DED
V
y
400( 0.001 ) I V
x 1
= 400( 0.5 ) 200 I I I
1 1 1
= =
Writing KVL in the upper left mesh ABCDEA ^ h
180 . . I I V I V 500 100 0 6 100 0 005
y y 1 1 1
= + + + + ^ ^ h h
Substituting V I 200
y 1
= into above equation, we have
180 500 100( 0.6) 200 100( 0.005 ) I I I I V
y 1 1 1 1
= + + + + +
180 900 60 100 0.005 200 I I
1 1 # #
= + +
I
1
0.12 = A
MCQ 1.18 In the following circuit the value of open circuit voltage and Thevenin resistance
at terminals , a b are
(A) 100 V V
oc
= , 1800 R
Th
=
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(B) 0 V V
oc
= , 270 R
Th
=
(C) 100 V V
oc
= , 90 R
Th
=
(D) 0 V V
oc
= , 90 R
Th
=
To obtain Thevenin resistance put a test source across the terminal a, b as shown.
V
test
V
x
= , I I
test x
=
By writing loop equation for the circuit
V
test
600( ) 300( ) 900( ) I I I I I
1 2 1 3 1
= + +
V
test
(600 300 900) 600 300 I I I
1 2 3
= + +
V
test
1800 600 300 I I I
1 2 3
= ...(i)
The loop current are given as,
I
1
I
test
= , 0.3 I V
s 2
= , and 3 0.2 I I V
test s 3
= +
Substituing theses values into equation (i),
V
test
1800 600(0.01 ) 300(3 0.01 ) I V I V
test s test s
= +
V
test
1800 6 900 3 I V I V
test s test s
=
10V
test
900I
test
= ,
V
test
90I
test
=
Thevenin resistance
R
Th
90
I
V
test
test
= =
Thevenin voltage or open circuit voltage will be zero because there is no independent
source present in the network, i.e. 0 V
oc
= V
MCQ 1.19 The voltage ( ) v t shown in the figure below is applied across a 0.5 H inductor,
having initial current of 2 A .
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Which of the following plot is correct for the inductor current ( ) i t ?
For an inductor v-i relationship is given by
( ) i t ( ) ( )
L
v d i t
1
t
0
0
= + #
For 0 0. t 5 < < ,
( ) v 1 V =
( ) i t
.
( ) d i
0 5
1
1 0
t
0
= + # 2 2
t
0
=
6 @
(0) 2 A i =
(2 2) A t =
For . t 0 5 1 < < ,
( ) v 0 =
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( ) i t ( ) ( . )
L
v d i
1
0 5
.
t
0 5
= + #

.
( ) d
0 5
1
0 1
.
t
0 5
= + # (0.5) 2(0.5) 2 1 A i = =
1 A =
For . t 1 1 5 < < ,
( ) v 1 V =
( ) i t ( ) ( )
L
v d i
1
1
t
1
= + #

.
d
0 5
1
1 1
t
1
= # (1) 1 A i =
2 1
t
1
=
6 @
t 2 2 1 = (2 3) A t =
For . t 1 5 2 < < ,
( ) v 0 =
( ) i t ( ) ( . )
L
v d i
1
1 5
.
t
1 5
= + #

L
d
1
0 0
.
t
1 5
= + # ( . ) ( . ) i 1 5 2 1 5 3 0 = =
0 =
We can obtained ( ) i t in similar way for entire ( ) v t . It is shown as
MCQ 1.20 The circuit shown in the given figure is in steady state with switch S open.
If S closes at t 0 = , then current ( ) i t for t 0 > , will be
(A) a decreasing exponential
(B) an increasing exponential
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(C) oscillatory
(D) constant
( ) i t ( ) (0) ( ) i i i e
/ t
3 3 = +

6 @ , t 0 >
For t 0 < : The switch was open, in steady state inductor acts as a short circuit
( ) i 0
4
5
k
mA
20
= =
for t 0 > : Again steady state reaches and at t 3 = inductor is replaced by a short
circuit
( ) i
x
3 0 = and ( ) 5 mA i 3 =
So, ( ) i t ( )e 5 5 5
/ t
= +

5 0 5 mA = + = , t 0 >
MCQ 1.21 In the following circuit what is the value of
( )
dt
dv t
R
at t 0 =
+
?
(A) 0 (B) 100 /sec V
(C) 20 /sec V (D) 40 /sec V
For t 0 < : ( ) u t 10 0 =
So the circuit is
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( ) i 0
L1
0 =
(0 ) i
L2
0 =
For 0 t > , ( ) u t 10 10 volt =
and (0 ) i
L1
+
(0 ) i 0
L1
= =
(0 ) i
L2
+
(0 ) 0 i
L2
= =
Mesh current, ( ) i t
1
( ) i t
L1
=
( ) i t
2
( ) i t
L2
=
( ) v t
R
( ) ( ) R i t i t
1 2
=
6 @

( )
dt
dv t
R

( ) ( )
R
dt
di t
dt
di t
1 2
=
; E

( )
dt
dv 0
R
+

( ) ( )
R
dt
di
dt
di 0 0
1 2
=
+ +
; E
...(i)
Let voltage across inductors are ( ) v t
L1
and ( ) v t
L2
( ) v t
R
[ ( ) ( )] R i t i t
1 2
=
( ) v 0
R
+
(0 ) [ ( ) ( )] v R i i 0 0
L 1 2 2
= =
+ + +
[ ] R 0 0 0 = =
Writing KVL
( ) ( ) ( ) i v v 10 3 0 0 0
L L R 1 1

+ + +
0 =
10 0 ( ) v 0 0
L1

+
0 =
& ( ) v 0
L1
+
10 =
( ) v 0
L1
+

( )
L
dt
di 0
1
=
+
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( )
dt
di 0
1
+

( )
. L
v 0
0 2
10
50
L1
= = =
+

( )
dt
di 0
2
+

( )
L
v 0
0
L2
= =
+
Substituting values of ( )/ di dt 0
1
+
and (0 )/ di dt
2
+
into equation (ii)
( )
dt
dv
0
R +
2[50 0] 100 /sec V = =
Statement For Linked Questions 22 and 23 :
Consider a two port network as shown in figure below.
MCQ 1.22 The ABCD-parameter matrix for this network is
(A)
5
8
8
13
> H (B)
4
2
6
4
> H
(C)
7
4
12
7
> H (D)
6
4
4
2
> H
The given network is equivalent to cascade connection of two port network shown
as

For the above network T-equivalent circuit is shown as
z z
12 21
= 1 =
z z
11 12
1 =
z
11
1 2 z
12
= + =
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z
22
1 2 z
12
= + =

z
6 @
2
1
1
2
=> H
Now
T
1 6 @
z
z
z
z
z z
z 1
21
11
21
21 21
22
T
=
R
T
S
S
S
S
V
X
W
W
W
W
z T z z z z
11 22 12 21
=
( )( ) ( )( ) 2 2 1 1 3 = =
[ ] T
1

/
/
/
/
2 1
1 1
3 1
2 1
2
1
3
2
= = > > H H
For the cascades connection

T
6 @ [ ] [ ] T T
1 2
=

2
1
3
2
2
1
3
2
=> > H H

S
7
4
12
7
=> H
MCQ 1.23 If the output terminal ( ) 2 2 l is short circuited then input impedance of the
network is
(A) 1.71 (B) 1.6
(C) 1.5 (D) 0.33
The ABCD parameters are defined as
V
1
AV BI
2 2
= ...(i)
I
1
CV DI
2 2
= ...(ii)
If output terminal is short circuited
V
2
0 =
Substituting V 0
2
= into equation (i) & (ii)
V
1
BI
2
=
I
1
DI
2
=
Input impedance,
Z
I
V
in
1
1
=
D
B
=
1.71
7
12
= =
Common data for Question 24 to Q. 25
Consider the circuit shown in figure below with a load impedance Z
L
.
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MCQ 1.24 The value of Z
L
which will absorb a maximum power, is
(A) 10 5 j + (B) 10 5 j +
(C) 8 4 j1 + (D) 8 14 j
We obtain the Thevenin impedance across the load terminal.
Z
Th
( ) | | ( ) j j 10 15 10 = +

( )( )
j j
j j
j
10 15 10
10 15 10
8 14 =
+
+
=
For maximum power transfer
Z
L
8 14 Z j
Th
= = +
)
MCQ 1.25 If Z
L
is taken to be purely resistive, then the value of load resistance which will
absorb a maximum power is
(A) 10 (B) 20
(C) 11.18 (D) 16.125
If Z
L
is purely resistor then for maximum power transfer
R
L
R X Z
Th Th Th
2 2
= + =
R
L
( ) ( ) 16.125 8 14
2 2
= + =
Answer Sheet
1.
(A)
6.
(A)
11.
(A)
16.
(B)
21.
(B)
2.
(C)
7.
(C)
12.
(C)
17.
(A)
22.
(C)
3.
(A)
8.
(C)
13.
(B)
18.
(D)
23.
(A)
4.
(C)
9.
(D)
14.
(A)
19.
(D)
24.
(C)
5.
(B)
10.
(A)
15.
(A)
20.
(D)
25.
(D)

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Test Paper-1

electric circuits and elds

around the edge L of the wedge given

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