Mount St.

Helens
***located in Skamania County, Washington, in the Pacific Northwest region of
the United States
***Last Eruption!uly "#, $##%
***Mount St. Helens, located in southwestern Washington about 50 miles northeast of
Portland, Oregon, is one of several
lofty volcanic ea!s that dominate the "ascade #ange of the Pacific $orthwest% the range
e&tends from Mount
'aribaldi in (ritish "olumbia, "anada, to )assen Pea! in northern "alifornia. 'eologists
call Mount St. Helens a
comosite volcano *or stratovolcano+, a term for steesided, often symmetrical cones
constructed of alternating layers
of lava flows, ash, and other volcanic
&1During the past 4,000 years, Mount St. Helens has erupted more
frequently than any other volcano in the Cascade Range.
2Most of Mount St. Helens is younger than !,000 years old
"younger than the pyramids of #gypt$.

3Some %ative &merican names that refer to smo'e at the volcano
include( )a*ala Clough, )o*+,e+ )at+-lah, )o*+,e+%ot+ .hlat,
)oo*it, )oo+*it, )oo+*it )at+'la, and )ou*ala+Clough.
4!,/00 years ago(%ative &mericans a0andoned hunting grounds
devastated 0y an enormous eruption four times larger than the May
12, 1320 eruption.
51435(Captain 6eorge 7ancouver named the volcano for 8ritain9s
am0assador to Spain, &lleyne :it;her0ert, also 'no*n as 8aron St.
Helens
'uture Eruptions( ***Not )*aila+le***
,arli Call-(
.ount Ere+us
***Located( on #oss ,sland, in the #oss Sea, - .ntarctica
***Last Eruption( ,t was last active in /000
111(ac!'round2 Mt. -rebus volcano is an intralate volcano and belongs to the
McMurdo 3olcanic 'rou, located in the so4called 5error #ift, which is art of the West
.ntarctic #ift System. 5his area is a rift 6one where e&tension ta!es lace and has
thinned the crust to /0 !m and allows magma to rise. 5he magma source beneath -rebus
is sometimes described as a lume rising from the uer mantle at velocities of around 7
cm er year
#1 .he summit consists of the elliptical <00 = /00 m *ide, 110+m+deep crater, *hich
contains the famous active lava la'e, contained *ithin a 5<0+m+*ide, 100+m+deep
inner crater
8/ Mount -rebus is noted for its active anorthoclase4feldsar honolite lava la!e, which
has been in continuous activity since at least 09:/, but robably much longer

8; .he current activity at the lava la'e includes spattering and sometime strom0olian
e=plosions, that can e>ect 0om0s outside the crater.
4 ?ersistant lava la'es are very rare, and require a delicate equili0rium 0et*een
heat supply and heat loss
85 .here are only a handful long+lived lava la'es in the *orld.
:uture #ruptions@ AAA%ot &vaila0leAAA
++-arli Call"@
<aan -arth=ua!e
)ocated2 <aan

Most #ecent .ctivity2 March 00
th

#egion2 Pacific "oast
0.+ 5wo year ago on March 00, a massive 9.0 magnitude earth=ua!e struc! off the coast
of the 5oho!u region of <aan, rattling the seismically active country and setting of a
devastating tsunami that wrea!ed havoc on the <aanese coast and reached all the way
across the Pacific Ocean.
/.+ ,t Was 5he biggest -arth=ua!e recorded in <aan history.
;.+ (ut the effects of the =ua!e weren>t limited to <aan and they weren>t confined to the
sha!ing of the earth and the setting off of ocean waves
?.+ 5he earth=ua!e>s energy reached around the world to .ntarctica and high into the
-arth>s atmoshere, even altering the local ull of -arth>s gravity field
5.+ @ourth (iggest =ua!e in the recorded history of the lanet.
@uture Outloo!2 ,t May Haen .gain, but $ot .s )arge.

44Aarli "all*2