1) Two methanol-water mixtures are contained in separate flasks.

The mixture
contains 40 wt% methanols, and the second contains 70 wt% methanols. If 200 g
of the first mixture are comined with !"0 g of the second, what are the mass and
composition of the product#
Solution:
m
!m
$ 0.4 200 gm
m
!w
$ 0.%
m
2m
$ 0.7 !"0 gm
m
2w
$ 0.&
- assume stead' state
- no chemical reactions
I()*T $ +*T)*T
m
Tm
,I(- $ 0.4 x 200 . 0.7 x !"0 $ !/" gm $ m
Tm
,+*T-
m
Tw
,I(- $ 0.% x 200 . 0.& x !"0 $ !%" gm $ m
Tw
,+*T-
m
Tp
$ m
Tm
. m
Tw
$ !/" . !%" $ &"0gm
methane = 52.86 % by mass
water = 47.14 % by mass
2) +ne thousand 0ilograms per hour of a mixture containing e1ual parts ' mass
of en2ene ,3
%
4
%
- and toluene ,3
7
4
/
- are distilled. The flow rate of the o5erhead
product stream is 4// 0g6h, and the ottom stream contains 7.!! wt % en2ene.
7raw and lael a flowchart for the process. Then calculate the mass and mole
fractions of en2ene and the molar flow rates of en2ene and toluene ,mole6h- in
the o5erhead product stream.
Solution:
a-
8 $ !000 kg6h
m
9

$ "00 kg6h
m
9
t
$ "00 kg6h
3:;<
8 $ +)
o
. +)
l
= +)
l
$ 8 - +)
o
$ !000 > 4// $ 512 kgh
8lask
!
3omination )roducts
8lask
2
7istillation
+)
o
$ 4// kg6h
m
9
o
$ #
m
9
to
$ #
+)
l
$ #
m
9
l
$ 0.07!! +)
l
m
9
tl
$ #
m
9
l
$ 0.07!! +)
l
$ 0.07!! x "!2 $ !6.4 kgh
m
9

$ m
9
l
. m
9
o
= m
9
o
$ m
9

- m
9
l
$ 46!.6 kg.h
m
9
to
$ +)
o
- m
9
o
$ 4// > 4%&.& $ 24.4 kgh
m
9
tl
$ m
9
t
- m
9
to
$ "00 > 24.4 $ 475.6 kgh
3heck< m
9
tl
. m
9
l
$ "!2
47".% . &%.4 $ "!2
b) mass an" mole #ra$tions o# ben%ene:
:
wt
$ 7/ gm6mol
:
wtl
$ ?2 gm6mol
@

$ m

6 m
T
$ &.5
@
o
$ 4%&.% 6 4// $ &.'5
@
l
$ &%.4 6 "!2 $ &.&711
n

$ "00 6 7/ $ %.4 mol n

t
$ "00 6 ?2 $ ".4 mol n
T
$ !!./ mol
A

$ ".4 6 !!./ $ &.46

n
o
$ 4%&.% 6 7/ $ ".? mol n
to
$ 24.4 6 ?2 $ 0.27 mol n
To
$ %.2 mol
A
o
$ ".? 6 %.2 $ &.'5
n
l
$ &%.4 6 7/ $ 0.47 mol n
tl
$ 47".% 6 ?2 $ ".!7 mol n
Tl
$ ".%4
A
l
$ 0.47 6 ".%4 $ &.&8
$) molar #low rate o# ben%ene an" toluene in the o(erhea" stream:
m
9
o
$ 4%&.% kg 6h m
9
to
$ 24.4 kg6h
n
9
o
$ 4%&.% 6 7/ $ 5.' kgh n
9
to
$ 24.4 6 ?2 $ &.27 kgh
!) Btrawerries contain !" % solids and water /" % ' mass. To make strawerr'
Cam, crushed strawerries and sugar are mixed in a 4"< "" ratio, and the mixture is
heated to e5aporate water until the residue contains !6 & water ' mass. 7raw and
lael a flowchart of this process, and use it to calculate how man' 0gs of
strawerries are needed to make ! 0g of Cam.
Solution:
m ,Btr- $ 4" gm
m ,Bu- $ "" gm
)* +,-
Dam
:ixer 4eater
m ,E.e- $ #
F5ep Eater
m ,w- $ !6& D
m ,s- $ #
m ,su- $ #
m ,w
i
- $ 0./" x 4" $ &/.2" gm
m ,si- $ 0.!" x 4" $ %.7" gm
3:; <
Buger< In $ +ut
m ,su
i
- $ "" gm $ m ,su
o
-
Bolides < In $ +ut
m ,s
i
- $ %.7" gm $ m ,s
o
-
m ,s
o
- . m ,s
o
- $ 26& m ,D- $ %!.7" gm
m ,D- $ ?2.%2" gm
m,w
o
- $ !6& m ,D- $ &0./7" gm
m ,w
i
- $ m ,w
e
- . m,w
o
-
m ,w
e
- $ &/.2" > &0./7" $ 7.&7" gm
D Btr
0.0?2%2" kg 0.04" kg
! kg x $#
x $ 0.4/% kg
.nswer:
&.486 kgs o# strawberry are ne$essary to make 1 kg /am.
Appendix
*sed *nits and their con5ersions<
Golume HGI in <
! m
&
$ !000 J
! J $ !000 cm
&
! m
&
$ !0
%
cm
&
(umer of :oles HnI in < mol
:olecular weight H:
wt
I in< g6mol
:ass HmI in<
!kg $ !000 gm