CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

49
PAPER 1

1. Given that ) 6 ( 15 x x y = , calculate
(a) the value of x when y is maximum,
(b) the maximum value of y. [3 marks]

2. Given that
2
4 x x y + = , use differentiation to find the small change in y when x increases
from 5 to 5.01. [3 marks]

3. Differentiate
4 2
) 5 3 ( 2 x x with respect to x. [3 marks]

4. Two variables, x and y are related by the equation .
5
4
x
x y = Given that y increases at a
constant rate of 3 units per second, find the rate of change of x when x = 5. [3 marks]

5. Given that
2
) 4 2 (
1
) (

=
x
x g , evaluate g(1). [4 marks]

6. The volume of water, V cm
3
, in a container is given by h h V 6
3
2
3
+ = , where h is the height in
cm, of the water in the container. Water is poured into the container at the rate of 5 cm
3
s
1
.
Find the rate of change of the height of water, in cm s
1
, at the instant when its height is 3 cm.
[3 marks]

7. The point R lies on the curve
2
) 3 ( = x y . It is given that the gradient of the normal at R is
6
1
. Find the coordinates of R. [3 marks]

8. It is given that
3
5
4
u y = , where . 2 5 = x u Find
dx
dy
in terms of x. [3 marks]

9. Given that , 4 3 2
2
+ = x x y
(a) find the value of
dx
dy
when x = 3,
(b) express the approximate change in y, in terms of m, when x changes from
1 to 1 + m, where m is a small value. [4 marks]

10. The curve y = f(x) is such that 2 5 + = px
dx
dy
, where p is a constant. The gradient of the curve
at x = 2 is 10. Find the value of p. [2 marks]


11. The curve y = x
2
28x + 52 has a minimum point at x = k, where k is a constant. Find the
value of k. [3 marks]

CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

50

ANSWERS PAPER 1
Marks
1. a) y = 15x (6 x)
= 90x 15x
2

x
dx
dy
30 90 =



1
b)
0 30 90 , 0 = = x
dx
dy

30x = 90
x = 3 #



1
y = 15(3)(6 3)
= 135 #

1
2.
y =
2
4 x x +

dx
dy
= 4 + 2x


1
x = 5,
dx
dy
= 4 + 2(5)
= 14



y =
dx
dy
x
= 14 0.01
= 0.14 #


1
1
3.
Let y =
4 2
) 5 3 ( 2 x x

dx
dy
= ( ) ) 4 ( ) 5 3 ( ] 3 ) 5 3 ( 4 [ 2
4 3 2
x x x x +


1
=
4 3 2
) 5 3 ( 4 ) 5 3 ( 24 + x x x x
= )] 5 3 ( 6 [ ) 5 3 ( 4
3
+ x x x x

1
= ) 5 9 ( ) 5 3 ( 4
3
x x x #
1
4.
y =
x
x
5
4 =
1
5 4

x x

dx
dy
=
2
5
4
x
+



1

dt
dy
=
dt
dx
dx
dy

3 = (
2
5
4
x
+ )
dt
dx

3 = (
2
5
5
4 + )
dt
dx






1
3 =
dt
dx

5
1
4

dt
dx
=
7
5
unit per second #



1
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

51
5.
g(x) =
2
) 4 2 (

x
g (x) = ) 2 ( ) 4 2 ( 2
3
x
=
3
) 4 2 ( 4

x



1
g(x) = ) 2 ( ) 4 2 ( 12
4
x
=
4
) 4 2 ( 24

x

1
g(1) =
4
) 2 ( 24


=
16
24

=
2
3
#




1
6.
V = h h 6
3
2
3
+

dt
dV
= 6 2
2
+ h



1

dt
dV
=
dh
dV

dt
dh

5 = ( 6 2
2
+ h )
dt
dh


dt
dh
=
6 ) 3 ( 2
5
2
+






1
=
1 1
2083 . 0 @
24
5

cms cms #
1
7.
y =
2
) 3 ( x

dx
dy
= 2(x 3)


1
Given gradient of normal =
6
1

2(x 3) = 6
x = 6



1
y =
2
) 3 6 (
= 9
R (6, 9) #


1
8.
y =
3
5
4
u
=
3
) 2 5 (
5
4
x



1

dx
dy
= 5 ) 2 5 (
5
12
2
x
1
=
2
) 2 5 ( 12 x #
1
9. a)
y = 4 3 2
2
+ x x


1
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

52

dx
dy
= 4x + 3

When x = 3,
dx
dy
= 4(3) + 3
= 15 #


1
b) x = m

x
y

dx
dy

x = 1,
m
y
4(1) + 3 = 7





1
y 7m #
1
10.

dx
dy
= 5px + 2
5p(2) + 2 = 10


1
10p = 8
p =
5
4
#


1
11.
y = 52 28
2
+ x x

dx
dy
= 2x 28


1
Minimum point at x = k :
2(k) 28 = 0

1
2k = 28
k = 14 #

1





















CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

53


PAPER 2

1. Diagram shows a conical container of diameter 0.8 m and height 0.6 m.
Water is poured into the container at a constant rate of 0.3 m
3
s
1
.














Calculate the rate of change of the height of the water level at the instant when the height of
the water level is 0.4 m. (Use = 3.142; Volume of a cone = h r
2
3
1
) [4 marks]


2. Diagram shows part of the curve
2
) 3 2 (
4

=
x
y which passes through A(2, 5).
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point A. [4 marks]














2
) 3 2 (
4

=
x
y

y
x
O
A(2, 5)
0.8 m
0.6 m
water
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

54
3. In the diagram, the straight line PQ is a normal to the curve 3
2
2
+ =
x
y at A(2, 5).
















Find the value of k. [3 marks]


4. Diagram shows part of the curve y = k(x 2)
3
, where k is a constant. The curve intersects the
straight line x = 4 at point A.
At point A, . 36 =
dx
dy
Find the value of k. [3 marks]























y
x
P
A(2, 5)
O Q(k, 0)
y = k(x 2)
3

y
x
A
O
x = 4
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

55

5. Diagram shows the curve y = x
2
+ 3 and the tangent to the curve at the point P(1, 5).
Calculate the equation of the tangent at P. [3 marks]














































y
x
O
y = x
2
+ 3
P(1, 5)
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

56

ANSWERS PAPER 2

1.


h
r
=
6 . 0
4 . 0

r = h h
3
2
6
4
=






1
V = h r
2
3
1

= h h
2
)
3
2
(
3
1

=
3
27
4
h





1

dh
dV
=
9
4
2
h

dh
dV
=
dt
dV

dh
dt


2
9
4
h = 0.3
dh
dt






1

2
) 4 . 0 )( 142 . 3 (
9
4
= 0.3
dh
dt


dt
dh
= 1.343
1
ms #



1
2.
y =
2
) 3 2 ( 4

x

dx
dy
= ) 2 ( ) 3 2 ( 8
3
x
=
3
) 3 2 (
16

x





1
At A (2, 5) ,
dx
dy
=
3
] 3 ) 2 ( 2 [
16

= 16


1
y 5 = 16( x 2 )
= 16x + 32
1
y = 16x + 37 # 1
3.
y = 3
2
2
+
x


dx
dy
= x
At point A(2 , 5),
dx
dy
= 2






1
0.6 m
h
r
0.4 m
CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION FORM 4

57
Gradient of normal,
2
1
2
= m

2
1
2
5 0
=

k




1
10 = k + 2
k = 12 #

1
4.
y =
3
) 2 ( x k

dx
dy
=
2
) 2 ( 3 x k


1
When x = 4,
dx
dy
= 36 :

2
) 2 4 ( 3 k = 36


1
3k = 9
k = 3 #

1
5.
y = 3
2
+ x

dx
dy
= 2x



At P (1,5),
dx
dy
= 2(1)
= 2


1
y 5 = 2 (x 1)
= 2x 2
y = 2x + 3 #
1

1