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UNIT 8: LANDSCAPES

WHAT IS A LANDSCAPE ? Landscape is all the land we see around us.



TYPES OF LANDSCAPE
There are two types of landscape: Natural landscapes and Man-made landscapes

1. Natural landscapes: found in nature. Most important are relief (shape of land like
mountains). Vegetation (plants). Water (river, seas and lakes).
2. Man-made landscapes: made by humans (roads, houses,tunnels, bridges, ports
and cultivated fields).
3. Interior landscapes: far from sea (mountains and plains)
4. Coastal landscapes: near the sea

MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE
Mountains are high elevetations of land. Mountain has 3 parts:

1. The peak: the highest part of the mountain. Dont have vegetation
2. The foot: the bottom part of the mountain. Dont have vegetation
3. The slopes: the part between the peak and the foot. It has vegetation

Mountain range: is a group of mountains.
Mountain chain: a line of mountains.
Valleys: low areas of land between mountains
Rivers: start in mountains and flow through valleys.

LIFE IN MOUNTAINS
In mountains are villages that are small and are in valleys
People who live in mountains work in agriculture, lifestock farming and small business
Tourism as skiing , adventure sports and rural tourism is also important in this area.


PLAINS
A plain is a large area of flat land. There is little vegetation in plains because humans cut the
forest to grow crops and build farms. Rivers flow through the plains and is used to irrigate
fields.There are 2 different types of plains:

1. Plateau or Meseta: is a plain that is higher than the area around it.
2. Depression: is a plain that is lower than the area around it.

Hills: little mountains on plains

LIFE IN PLAINS
Villages are surrounded by fields, there are farms and isolated houses.
People who live in mountains work in agriculture, lifestock farming . In larger towns people
work in factories, shops, banks, hospitals.

COASTAL LANDSCAPE
Coastal landscape is near the sea. It has different forms; a cliff (is high and rocky) and beach
(low flat land, its usually made of sand).

COAST FEATURES
Cape: made of sand. Area of land that extends into the sea
Gulf: area of sea that extends into the land. Bay is a small gulf
Peninsula: area of land surrounded by water
Island: an area of land totally surrounded by water
Arhipielago: a group of islands

LIFE IN COAST
There are small villages and large cities. In the past people that lived in coast worked
fishing. Now people work in tourism in hotels, restaurants, shops and apartments.

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