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University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest

Specialization: Engineering and Management in Public Nutrition and Agro-tourism






Project in English
Magic







Student
Galben Alexandra-Andreea
Group 8213








University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
Specialization: Engineering and Management in Public Nutrition and Agro-tourism
Black magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for evil and selfish
purposes. With respect to the left-hand path and right-hand path dichotomy, black magic is the
malicious counterpart of benevolent white magic. In modern times, some find that the definition of
"black magic" has been convoluted by people who define magic or ritualistic practices that they
disapprove of as "black magic".Unlike white magic, in which place sees parallels with primitive
shamanistic efforts to achieve closeness with spiritual beings, the rituals that developed into modern
"black magic" were designed to invoke those same spirits to produce beneficial outcomes for the
practitioner. Place also provides a broad modern definition of both black and white magic, preferring
instead to refer to them as "high magic" (white) and "low magic" (black) based primarily on
intentions of the practitioner employing them. He acknowledges, though, that this broader
definition (of "high" and "low") suffers from prejudices as good-intentioned folk magic may be
considered "low" while ceremonial magic involving expensive or exclusive components may be
considered by some as "high magic", regardless of intent. In particular, though, the term was most
commonly reserved for those accused of invoking demons and other evil spirits, those hexing or
cursing their neighbours, those using magic to destroy crops and those capable of leaving their
earthly bodies and travelling great distances in spirit. In a modern context, the line between "white
magic" and "black magic" is somewhat clearer and most modern definitions focus on intent rather
than practice.
Black magic practices and rituals include:
True name spells - the theory that knowing a person's true name allows control over
that person, making this wrong for the same reason. This can also be used as a
connection to the other person, or to free them from another's compulsion, so it is
in the grey area.
Immortality rituals - from a Taoist perspective, life is finite, and wishing to live
beyond one's natural span is not with the flow of nature. Beyond this, there is a
major issue with immortality. Because of the need to test the results, the subjects
must be killed. Even a spell to extend life may not be entirely good, especially if it
draws life energy from another to sustain the spell.
Necromancy - for purposes of usage, this is defined not as general black magic, but
as any magic having to do with death itself, either through divination of entrails, or
the act of raising the dead body, as opposed to resurrection or CPR.
Curses and hexes - a curse can be as simple as wishing something bad would
happen to another, through a complex ritual.
White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for good
and selfless purposes. With respect to the philosophy of left-hand path and right-hand path, white
magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. Because of its ties to traditional pagan
nature worship, white magic is often also referred to as "natural magic".

The influence of popular culture has allowed other practices to be drawn in under the broad
banner of "black magic" including the concept of Satanism . While the invocation of demons or
spirits is an accepted part of black magic, this practice is distinct from the worship or deification of
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
Specialization: Engineering and Management in Public Nutrition and Agro-tourism
such spiritual beings. Those lines, though, continue to be blurred by the inclusion of spirit rituals
from otherwise "white magicians" in compilations of work related to Satanism.
White magic is supposedly utilized only for good or unselfish purposes, and black magic, we
are told, is used only for selfish or "evil" reasons. Satanism draws no such dividing line. Magic is
magic, be it used to help or hinder. The Satanist, being the magician, should have the ability to
decide what is just, and then apply the powers of magic to attain his goals. Satanism is not a white
light religion; it is a religion of the flesh, the mundane, the carnal - all of which are ruled by Satan,
the personification of the Left Hand Path.
Voodoo, too, has been associated with modern "black magic"; drawn together in
popular culture and fiction. However, while hexing or cursing may be accepted black magic practices,
Voodoo has its own distinct history and traditions that have little to do with the traditions of modern
witchcraft that developed with European practitioners.

the use of means (as charms or spells) believed to have supernatural power over
natural forces
magic rites or incantations
an extraordinary power or influence seemingly from a supernatural source

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