A Major Project Synopsis Report

On
SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM USING 89C51
INTRODUCTION
Personal Safes are revolutionary locking storage cases that open with
just the touch of your finger. These products are designed as secure
storage for medications jewelry weapons documents and other
valua!le or potentially harmful items.These utili"e fingerprint
recognition technology to allow access to only those whose fingerprints
you choose. #t contains all the necessary electronics to allow you to
store delete and verify fingerprints with just the touch of a !utton.
Stored fingerprints are retained even in the event of complete power
failure or !attery drain.These eliminates the need for keeping track of
keys or remem!ering a com!ination password or P#$. #t can only !e
opened when an authori"ed user is present since there are no keys or
com!inations to !e copied or stolen or locks that can !e picked.
HISTORY
%ingerprints have !een scientifically studied for many years in our society. The
characteristics of fingerprints were studied as early as &'((s. Meanwhile using
fingerprints as a means of identification first occurred in the mid)&*((s. Sir
+illiam ,erschel in &*-. discovered that fingerprints do not change over time
and that each pattern is uni/ue to an individual. +ith these findings he was the
first to implement a system using fingerprints and handprints to identify an
individual in &*00. 1y &*.'police forces in #ndia reali"ed the !enefit of
using fingerprints to identify criminals and they !egan collecting the
fingerprints of prisoners along with their other measurements.
+ith a growing data!ase of fingerprint images it soon !ecame desira!le to have
an efficient manner of classifying the various images. 1etween &*.' and &*.0
Sir 2dward ,enry developed the ,enry 3lassification System which /uickly
found worldwide acceptance within a few years. This system allows for logical
categori"ation of a complete set of the ten fingerprint images for a person. 1y
esta!lishing groupings !ased on fingerprint pattern types the ,enry System
greatly reduces the effort of searching a large data!ase. 4ntil the mid)&..(s
many organi"ations continued to use the ,enry 3lassification System to store
their physical files of fingerprint images. As fingerprints !egan to !e utili"ed in
more fields the num!er of re/uests for fingerprint matching !egan to increase on
a daily passing day. Therefore it soon !ecame difficult for teams of fingerprint
e5perts to provide accurate results in a timely manner. #n the early &.'(s the %1#
,ome Office in the 4nited 6ingdom and Paris Police 7epartment !egan to
devote a large amount of resources in developing automatic fingerprint
identification systems. These systems allowed for an improvement in operational
productivity among law enforcement agencies. At the same time the automated
systems reduced funding re/uirements to hire and train human finger print
e5perts. Today automatic fingerprint recognition technology can !e found in a
wide range of civilian applications.
THEORY AND DESIGN
#n this project the fingerprint module from Mia5is 1iometrics is used. #t
can store up to 0-( finger prints on its own memory. #t can !e controlled
through its serial port.
The microcontroller AT*.S-8 interact with the module. 9ou can Add a
fingerprint 7elete a fingerprint and #dentify the fingerprint.
To add a fingerprint just show the finger on the module and press the A77
key. $ow the microcontroller will send the A77 command to the module
and the module will add it into the memory.
To delete the finger follow the same as a!ove.
To identify the finger press the #dentify !utton and if the finger matches
then the Relay is complemented.Also the fingerprint #7 is displayed over
the :37 display.
.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
REFRENCES
#n general a ridge can either come to an end which is called a termination or itcan split into
two ridges which is called a !ifurcation. The other types of minutiae areslightly more
complicated com!inations of terminations and !ifurcations. %or e5ample alake is simply a
se/uence of two !ifurcations in opposing directions while anindependent ridge features two
separate terminations within a close distance. #n ourproject we will use only the ridge ending
and ridge !ifurcation for identification.
Minutiae Types ;Terminations and 1ifurcations<
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Two main approaches are used for fingerprint matching which are descri!ed!elow.
8.=.& Minutiae !ased
The first approach which is minutia)!ased represents the fingerprint !y its localfeatures like
terminations and !ifurcations. This approach has !een intensively studiedalso is the !ack!one
of the current availa!le fingerprint recognition products. # am alsousing this approach in my
project.
&0
8.=.8
#mage !ased
The second approach which uses image)!ased methods tries to do matching!ased on the
glo!al features of a whole fingerprint image. #t is an advanced and newlyemerging method for
fingerprint recognition. #t is useful to solve some pro!lems of thefirst approach. 1ut my project
does not aim at this method so further study in thisdirection is not e5panded in my thesis.
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