Physics Perfect Score Module Form 5

Physics Perfect Score_SBP_ 2010 1
BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN

SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH SEKOLAH KLUSTER

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERFECT SCORE MODULE
SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH
2010

PHYSICS

NAME : .....
CLASS / SCHOOL : .....


Guidelines on how to carry out the PERFECT SCORE Workshop :
1. The workshop is divided into six slots of two hours each. It is suggested that one section to be
discussed in each slot. (Please refer to the table below)
2. Suggested activity for each slot:
Briefing by facilitator 10 minutes
Discussion Session 20 30 minutes
Presentation by group 70 - 80 minutes
Conclusion 10 minutes
Total 120 minutes (2 hours)

3. Materials and equipments needed for this workshop :
Perfect Score Module (6 sections - Section I VI)
Transparency / A4 paper/test pad
permanent and whiteboard marker pen
overhead projector
whiteboard

PHYSICS PERFECT SCORE 2010 PANELS

PN NOR SAIDAH BT CHE HASSAN (SBPI Gombak)
PN JAMILAH BT YUSOF (SSP)
PN HASLINA BT ISMAIL (SMS Hulu Selangor)
PN KAMARIAH BT MOHD ARSYAD (MCKK)
PN NIK SERI RAHAYU BT NIK ARIFF (SMS Hulu Selangor)
PN FUZIAH BT AHMAD (SMAP Labu)

CONTENTS

SLOT SECTION CONSTRUCT
TYPE OF QUESTION
IN SPM 4531
Page
1 I CONCEPTUALISING
Paper 2 Section A
(Question 5 / Question 6)

Paper 2 Section B

2 II
PROBLEM SOLVING
(QUALITATIVE)
Paper 2 Section A
(Question 7)

Paper 2 Section B
(Question 9 / Question10)

3 III DECISION MAKING
Paper 2 Section A
(Question 8)

Paper 2 Section A
(Question 8)

Paper 2 Section C
(Question 11 / Question12)

4 IV UNDERSTANDING
Paper 2
Section B
(Q uestion 9 / Question 10)

Section C

5 V
PROBLEM SOLVING
(QUANTITATIVE)
Paper 2
Section C

DESIGN EXPERIMENT
Paper 3
Section B (Question 3 /
Question 4)


SECTION 1 CONCEPTUALISATION
(Paper 2 Section A: Question 5/6; Section B Question 9/10 )

Question 1 [ Forces and Motion]

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two coconut trees, one by the roadside and the other by the
beach. A coconut falls from the same height from each tree.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2
(a) (i) Name one force that is acting on the coconut during the fall. [1 mark]
(ii) Name the type of motion of the coconut when it drops from the tree [1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, compare
(i) the force on the coconut that landed on the road and that landed on the beach. [1 mark]
(ii) the change in momentum. [1mark]
(iii) the time of impact of the coconuts on the road and on the beach [1 mark]
(c) Based on your answers in (b) (i) and (b) (iii), state the relationship between the force
produced in a collision and the time of impact
[1 mark]
(d) Name the force that results from a collision as shown in both diagrams. [1 mark]

Question 2 [ Forces and Pressure ]

Diagram 5.1 shows a load placed on an ice block. Diagram 5.2 shows an ice floating without the load.
(a) Explain why ice block float in water?
[1 mark]
(b) What are the force acting on the ice block?
[1 mark]

Coconut cracks

Coconut intact

(c) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2,
(i)
Compare the volume of water displaced
[1 mark]
(ii)
Compare the weight of water displaced
[1 mark]
(iii)
Compare the buoyant force
[1 mark]
(iv)
State the relationship between buoyant force and the weight of water displaced
[1 mark]
(v)
Name the physics principle involved?
[1 mark]

Question 3 [ Force and Pressure]

Diagram 9.1 shows a man walking bare foot along a reflexology path. The path is made of cement set
with smooth stones and large pebbles. Walking along this path is said to improve circulation of blood
in the body. Diagram 9.2 shows the same man walking along the path. He is now wearing shoes.

(a) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare
(i) the contact area for the mans feet and the type of surface
(ii) the pain or discomfort felt by the man
(iii) Relate the contact area between the man and the type of surface with the pain or
discomfort felt by the man to deduce a relevant physics concept
[4 marks]
(b) Define the physical quantity that explains the situation above and state its unit [2 mark]

Load
Ice block
Question 4 [ Heat]

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two types of metal blocks, P and Q being heated by 50 W
immersion heater for 5 minutes..Table 5 shows information related to two metal blocks P and Q.


Metal block Mass/ kg Specific heat capacity / Jkg
-1
C
-1
Heat energy supplied / J
P 1.0 875 658
Q 1.0 103 1740
Table 5

(a) What is meant by specific heat capacity? [1 mark]
(b) Calculate the rise in temperature for
(i) metal block P [1 mark]
(ii) metal block Q [1mark]
(c) Based on your answers in 5(b), compare the rise in temperature for metal block P
and metal block Q.
[1 mark]
(d) Based on the information in Table 5, [1 mark]
(i) compare the specific heat capacity of metal block P and metal block Q [1 mark]
(ii) relate the rise in temperature to the specific heat capacity of the metal block. [1mark]
(e) In this experiment, the temperature is recorded when the reading on the thermometer
has achieved a constant value. State the reason why
[1mark]

Question 5 [ Waves]

Diagram 5.1 and 5.2 show a SONAR wave is sent by transmitter at the lower part of the boat and the
echoes are detected by hydrophone.
Diagram 5.3 and 5.4 show the trace on the screen of oscilloscope.

To 12 V power supply
Thermometer
Metal block P Metal block Q
Felt
Thermometer


(a) What is meant by wavelenght? [1 mark]
(b) Sound waves with frequency of 5.8 x 10
5
Hz are used to determine the depth of the
sea. The speed of sound waves in sea water is 1250 ms
-1
. The time-base of the
oscilloscope is adjusted at 50 ms cm
-1
. Calculate the depth of the sea.

(Remark: Problem solving Quantitative)
[2 marks]
(c) Observe diagram 5.3 and 5.4, [1 mark]
(i) compare between amplitude of transmited waves and reflected waves [1 mark]
(ii) explain your answer in (c) (i) [1 mark]
(iii) compare the amplitude of reflected waves in diagram 5.3 and diagram 5.4 [1 mark]
(iv) explain your answer in (c) (iii) [1 mark]

Question 6 [ Electricity]

Diagram 5.1 shows an electric circuit. Voltmeter V
1
, V
2
and V
3
have high resistance. Ammeter A
1
,
A
2
and A
3
and battery have small internal resistance that can be neglected. Bulb M
1 ,
M
2
and

M
3
have
same resistance.


Diagram 5.1

(a) Based on diagram 5.1, compare the readings of ammeter A
1
and ammeter A
3
, when
the switch S
1
is on and switch S
2
is off.
[1 mark]
(b) When switch S
1
and switch S
2
are on,
(i) Compare the brightness of bulb M
1
and M
2
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the readings of voltmeter V
1
and voltmeter V
2
[1 mark]
(iii) Write down the equation to relate the readings of voltmeter V
1 ,
V
2
and V
3
[1 mark]
(iv) Write down the equation to relate the readings of ammeter A1
,
A2

and A
3
[1 mark]
(c) (i) By referring to (a) state the type of circuit connection for the bulb if only bulbs
M
1
and M
3
light up.
[1 mark]
(ii) Is the circuit connection above suitable to be used in a domestic wiring system?
Give a reason for your answer
[1 mark]

Question 7 [ Electromagnetics]

Diagram 6.1 shows a bar magnet with north pole at point P and Diagram 6.2 shows a bar magnet with
south pole at point Q which is moved towards the solenoid to produce induced current.

DIAGRAM 6.1 DIAGRAM 6.2

Switch S1
Switch S2
M1
M2
M3
A3
V2
3
A2
V1
A1
V3

Zero centre
galvanometer
Zero centre
galvanometer
Coil A
Coil B
Bar magnet
Bar magnet
String
String
(a) Observe the diagrams and state two differences between them [2 marks]
(b) What is the polarity exerted at point P and Q when the magnet is moved towards the
solenoid?
[2 marks]
(c) What is the relationship between the number of turns and the magnitude of induced
current?
[1 mark]
(d) Name the law involved in (c). [1 mark]
(e) Suggest another method to increase the deflection of the pointer. [1 mark]
(f) State an instrument that uses the application of induced current [1 mark]

Question 8 [ Light]

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show two rectangular glass blocks with different optical density and
refractive index. Ray of light is directed toward the glass blocks with the same angle of incidence 30.

Density = 2600 kgm
-3
Density = 2670 kgm
-3


Based on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,
(i) compare the densities of the glass blocks [1 mark]
(ii) compare the refractive index of the glass blocks [1 mark]
(iii) compare the angle of refraction of the glass blocks [1 mark]
(iv) relate the angle of refraction, r and the density of the glass blocks [1 mark]
(v) relate the angle of refraction, r and the refractive index of the glass blocks

[1 mark]

Question 9 [ Waves]

Diagram 9 shows the side view of water wave propagating from a shallow area to a deep area. The
frequency of the water waves is 12 Hz.

Diagram 9

100 cm
shallow area deep area
200 cm
Based on Diagram 9
(a) (i) compare the wavelength of the water waves in the shallow area and deep area [1 mark]
(ii) state the relationship between the depth and the wavelength of water waves [1 mark]
(b) Calculate the velocity of water waves in
the shallow area
the deep area [3 marks]
(c) Based on your answers in 6(b), state the relationship between the depth and the velocity
of water waves
[1 mark]
(d) Based on Diagram 6, explain why the amplitude of water waves in the deep area is
smaller than the shallow area
[1 mark]

Question 10 [ Electromagnetics]

Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show a copper wire carrying current is placed in a permanent
magnetic field. The magnetic field produced is called catapult field.


Based on Diagram 10
(a) What is meant by catapult field ? [1 mark]
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the number of magnet used, the angle
of deflection of the copper wire and the angle of deflection of ammeter indicator.
[3 marks]
(c) State the relationship between the strength of the catapult field produced and
(i) number of magnet used
(ii) angle of deflection of copper wire [2 marks]


Diagram 10.1 (a) and Diagram 10.2 (a) show two circuits used to investigate the relationship between
potential difference and electric current.
Diagram 10.1(b) and Diagram 10.2(b) show the potential difference against electric current graph
respectively for Diagram 10.1(a) and Diagram 10.2(b).

(a) What is meant by potential difference? [ 1 mark ]
(b) Compare the placement of the voltmeter in Figure 10.1(a) and Figure 10.2(a). Then
compare the relationship between potential difference and current for both graphs.
Explain the results shown in both graphs. Hence state the related physics law and
concepts applicable in each situation
[ 5 marks]


Diagram 9.1 shows an electric kettle use to boil water with a heating element. The heating coil that
lies within the heating element (as shown in Diagram 9.2 and in Diagram 9.3) heats up when a
current passes through. Two kettles P and Q with different heating coils inside the heating element
are used to boil 1 liter of water.The material of both coils are the same.

Diagram 10.1(a)
Diagram 10.1(b)
I
V
0
0
V
V
I
V
0
0
Diagram 10.2(a)

Diagram 10.2(b)
Electic kettle

Heating element

Plug
Diagram 9.1

Kettle Length of the coil Thickness of the coil Time to boil I liter water
P 50 cm 16 mm
2
( Diagram 9.2) 10 minutes
Q 50 cm 4 mm
2
( Diagram 9.3) 4minutes
Table 9.4

(a) What is meant by current ?

[ 1 mark ]
(b) Observe Diagram 9.2, 9.3 and Table 9.4. Compare the length and thickness of
heating element and time taken to boil the water for kettle P and Q.
Relate the thickness of the coil with the resistance and heat produce by the coil to boil
the water
[ 5 marks]

Question 13 [ Electronics]

Diagram 10.1 shows the output of a transformer connected to a semiconductor diode and a resistor R
Diagram 10.2 shows the output of a transformer connected to four semiconductor diodes and a
resistor R

Diagram 9.2

Diagram 9.3

Heating element

Heating coil
(a) What is meant by a semiconductor ? [ 1 mark ]
(b) Based on diagram 10.1 and 10.2 compare the type of input current, current produced
by the output of the transformer and the current that flows through R .Draw the wave
forms when R is connected to CRO. Name the process involved
[ 5 marks]

Question 14 [ Radioactivity]

Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the activities of two radioactive sources P and Q.

Radioactive source P Radioactive source Q

DIAGRAM 10.1 DIAGRAM 10.2

(a) What is meant by radioactivity? [1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2
(i) State common characteristic of
- the shape of the graph
- the time taken for the activities of radioactive sources P and Q to become half of
its initial value
[4 marks]
(ii) determine the time taken for the activity of radioactive sources P and Q to become
half of its initial value
[2 marks]
(iii) Give a name of the physical quantity for the activity of a radioactive source to
become half of its initial value
[1 mark ]

Time / h
Masa / j
0
5 10 15 20
300
600
900
1200
Activity / s
1

Aktiviti/ s
1

Time / s
Masa / s
0
100 200 300 400
500
1000
1500
2000
Activity / s
1
Aktiviti/ s
1


SECTION 2 PROBLEM SOLVING - QUALITATIVE
(Paper 2 Section A: Question 7; Section B Question 9/10 )

Question 1 [ Forces and Motion]

Diagram 1 shows a roller skate track.

Diagram

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the roller skate track. Using
appropriate physics concept, explain the design of the roller skate track so that it can be used to
oscillate skate board continuously.

Your answer should include the following aspects:

(i) Shape of the track
(ii) Slope of the track
(iii) Surface of the track
(iv) Safety.
[10 marks]

Question 2 [ Forces and Pressure]

Diagram 2 show the side view of models of a dam.

Diagram 2

Explain the modifications that need to be made to the dam to enable it to store more water safely and
can be used to produce electricity


(i) structure of the wall
(ii) strength of material used
(iii) system to produce electricity and other relevant aspects
[10 marks]
Dam
Water
Question 3 [HEAT]

Diagram 3 shows a jug filled with ice cubes.

Diagram 3

If it is left to stand at room temperature, the ice will melt fast.

Using the suitable physics concepts, suggest modifications that can be made to the ice container so
that ice cubes will not melt easily when the container is placed at room temperature. It is also can be
used for a longer time and easy to handle.


(i) structure of the container
(ii) characteristics of material used [10 marks]

Question 4 [LIGHT]

Diagram4 shows a fibre optic.

Diagram 4

You are required to give suggestions to design a fibre optics which can works efficiently.

Using your knowledge on light, and the properties of material, explain

(i) the refractive index of outer and inner layer
(ii) flexibility
(iii) strength
(iv) thickness
(v) density of the glass
[10 marks]

Question 5 [LIGHT]

Diagram 5 shows a compound microscope.

Diagram 5

Using an appropriate physics concept, suggest and explain suitable modifications or ways to enable
the microscope to increase its efficiency and to form a brighter and clear image.

Your modifications can be emphasized on the following aspects;

(i) The selection of lens as objective lens and as an eyepiece
(ii) The position of the object
(iii) The position of the eye piece
(iv) The distance between the objective lens and eyepiece
(v) Condition of the place to store the microscope
[10 marks]

Question 6 [WAVES]

Diagram 6 shows the new hall in a school.
A musical concert will be held at the hall in a few months time.

Study Diagram 9 carefully, there are some improvements can be made to enhance the sound effect.

Diagram 6

Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitable equipment and furnishings to improve
the sound effect of the concert.

(i) Distance between of two stereo speakers
(ii) Positioning of speakers and microphones
(iii) Furnishings of the hall and other aspects
[10 marks]
Speaker
Microphones
Stage

Question 7 [ELECTRICITY]

Diagram 7 shows the lamps in a domestic lightning circuit are connected in parallel.
Diagram 7

The circuit is not complete and not efficient for electrical energy consuming and less safety.

Suggest modifications that need to be done to the circuit to improve safety, produce the lamps lights
up with normal brightness and to increases the efficiency of electrical energy consuming.
[10 marks]

Question 8 [ELECTRICITY]

Diagram 8 shows the condition in a closed room with unsuitable installation of lamp.

Diagram 8

Using appropriate physics concepts, explain suitable modification to the room and the lamp so that
the room condition becomes brighter and more comfortable.

Your answer should include the following aspects
(i) type of the lamp
(ii) position of the lamp
(iii) the energy efficiency of the lamp
(iv) safety feature of the lamp
(v) wiring system for the lamp
[10 marks]

To
another
lamps
Live
Neutral
Earth Meter
240 V metal
lamp fitting
120 V room
lamp
220 V dinning
room
Consumer unit
(Fuse box)

Wire carrying electrical
audio signal
Dawai membawa isyarat
elektrik audio
Question 9 [ELECTROMAGNETISM]

Diagram 9 shows an electric bell.

Diagram 9

The electric bell is found to be unable to hit the gong continuously. Suggest and explain the
modifications that need to be done on the electric bell to increase its efficiency.

(i) shape of the core
(ii) number of turn of coil
(iii) material used for the core
(iv) Additional material
[10 marks]


Diagram 10 shows a cross section of a moving coil microphone. A microphone converts one form of
energy into another .

Diagram 10

When the diaphragm moves in response to sound, the attached coil moves in the magnetic field and
generates a very small current in the wire of the coil.
Using an appropriate concept in physics, suggest and explain suitable modifications or ways to enable
the microphone to detect sound effectively and generate bigger current based on the following aspect:
(i) thickness of diaphragm
(ii) strength of the material for diaphragm
(iii) number of turns of coil
(iv) diameter of the wire of coil
(v) strength of magnet
[10 marks]

Diagram 11 shows the parts of a moving coil ammeter.

Diagram 11

The moving coil galvanometer is found to be unable to detect small changes of induced current.
Suggest and explain the modifications that need to be done on the galvanometer to increase its
sensitivity.
[10 marks]


Diagram 12 shows an a.c. generator.

Diagram 12

Suggest modification that needs to be done on the generator and the external circuit to enable the
generator to be a d.c. generator and produce more current.
[10 marks]

Question13 [ELECTRONIC]

Diagram 13 shows a shadow is formed on fluorescent screen of the Maltase cross tube.

Diagram 13

Maltase cross tube in Diagram 16 is not suitable for measuring the frequency of the sound waves.

Suggest modifications that can be made to the Maltase cross tube in Diagram 16 to transform it into
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope that can measure the frequency of the sound waves.

In your suggestions, state the components that are used and their functions based on the following
aspects:

(i) the electron gun
(ii) the deflection system
[10 marks]

Question 14 [ELECTRONIC]

Diagram 14 shows an electric circuit that has a transistor that acts as an automatic switch.

Diagram 14

The circuit in Diagram 14 is found to switch on the fan when temperature is low.

You are asked to invent an automatic switching circuit to control an 240V air conditioner.

Suggest modifications that need to be done towards the circuit so that it can be used as an automatic
switch that will switch on the air conditioner during hot wheater and switch off during cold wheater.

[10 marks]
R1
RB
Thermistor
Fan
6V
Question 15 [Electronics]

(a) Complete the truth table for logic gates P, Q, R and S.

[1 mark ]

[ 1 mark]

[ 1 mark ]

[ 1 mark ]
(b) Diagram 15.1 shows the combination of two logic gates S.

Combination of two logic gates above will produce single logic gate N.

Input Output
A B X
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Input Output
A B X
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Input Output
A B X
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Input Output
A B X
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
P
A
B
X
Q
A
B
X
R
A
B
X
S
A
B
X

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
S S

K

L
M
Diagram 15.1
(i) Complete the truth table in table 15.2 for the combination of logic gates in diagram 15.1.
K L M
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

[1 mark]
(ii) Name logic gate N.

(c) Draw the combination of two logic gates Q to produce a logic gate OR. [1 mark]
(d) Arrange the logic gates P, Q and R inside the box provided in diagram 15.3 so that the
output produce is the same as the output in the truth table in 15.4

[ 3 marks ]

Question 16 [RADIOACTIVITY]

Your school has been selected to be one of Research and Development Centre for radioactive.
Give some suggestions to modify your school lab with well equip which can be used to do the
research work for radioactive source safely.

Using your knowledge on radioactive and properties of materials, explain the suggestion based on the
following aspects:
(i) keeping radioactive source
(ii) management of radioactive solid waste
(iii) handling radioactive source
(iv) warning during leakage
(v) exposure detector
[10 marks]


As a researcher , you are assigned to investigate the characteristics of a certain radioactive isotope
that could be used to detect the thickness of paper in a paper factory.

(i) The state of matter of the radioactive isotope
(ii) The type of radiation emitted
(iii) The half-life of the radioactive isotope
(iv) The penetrating power of the radioactive isotope
(v) Suitable detectors of radioactive emissions
[10 marks]

Input Output
A B X
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
P
X
Q
A
B
R
Table 15.4
Table 15.2
Diagram 15.3

Diagram 18 shows an underground water pipe which has a leak.

DIAGRAM 18.3

Diagram 20

Radioactive substances are hazardous and must be used with care. In using a radioactive substance
to detect the leakage, suggest how the substance should be chosen by considering the following
aspects:
(i) the half life and state of matter of the substance,
(ii) the types of radiation emitted by the substance,
(iii) The penetrating power of the radiation emitted by the substance
(iv) the type of detector to be used.
[10 marks]

Location of leakage
Water pipe
1 m

SECTION 3 DECISION MAKING SKILL
(Paper 2 Section A: Question 8; Section C: Question 11/12 )

Question 1 [Introduction to Physics]

As an engineer, you are assigned to investigate the characteristics of several instruments that could
be used to measure the length and width of 25 cm X 40 cm metal block.

Table 1 shows the characteristics of five types of measuring instruments P, Q, R, S and T. Study the
characteristics of all five instruments and decide which is the most suitable instrument to be used to
measure the length of the metal block

Justify your choice.

Measuring
instrument
Smallest
scale / cm
Range of
measurement / cm
Zero error / cm
Shape of the
instrument
P 0.5 0 100 0.2 Flat and thin
Q 0.1 0 50 0.1 Roll and thin
R 0.1 0 50 0.0 Flat and thin
S 0.1 0 50 0.1 Flat and thin
T 1.0 0 100 0.0 Roll and thin

Table 1
[ 10 marks ]

Question 2 [Forces and Motion / Forces and Pressure]

Diagram 2 shows a playground swing which will be used for 7 to 15 years old children. The vertical
height of the swing is 2.5 m. Table 2 shows the characteristics of the swing.

Diagram 2

Bar

l
2.5 m
Ball bearing

Angle of
V-shape pillar
floor
chain
Swing
Length of the chain
from the bar,l / cm
Joint of chain to
the bar
Angle of
V-shape pillar
Type of floor
K 210 With ball bearing 10
o
Soft padded floor
L 150
Without ball
bearing
10
o
Soft padded floor
M 210 With ball bearing 40
o
Soft padded floor
N 150 With ball bearing 40
o
Concrete floor

Table 2
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the swings. Explain the suitability of each
characteristic and determine the most suitable safety swing to be built.

[ 10 marks ]

Question 3 [Forces and Motion / Forces and Pressure]

Table 3 shows four bicycles, W, X,Y and Z, with different specifications.

Bicycle Diagram Specification

W

Distance between seat and handle : 75 cm
Density of bicycles frame : 700 kg m
-3

Width of tyre : 6 cm
With gear

X

-3

Width of tyre : 4 cm
With gear

Y

-3

With of tyre : 6 cm
Without gear

Z

-3

Thickness of tyre : 4 cm
With gear

Table 3

You are required to determine the most suitable bicycle that can be used as a racing bicycle to move
with high speed.
Study the specifications of all the four bicycle from the following aspects:
The distance between the seat and the handle.
The density of bicycles frame.
The thickness of tyre.
The presence of gear

Explain the suitability of the above aspects and hence, determine the most suitable
racing bicycle to move with high speed.

[10 marks]

Question 4 [Heat]

A coolant is a fluid which flows through a device to prevent it from overheating. Coolant is commonly
used in automotive, residential and commercial temperature-control applications. Table 4 shows a list
of liquid coolants with their respective properties.

Material Boiling point /
o
C
Rate of thermal
Conductivity
Viscosity
Specific heat
capacity / Jkg
o
C
-1

P 145 High Low 3000
Q 90 Low Low 1200
R 130 High High 4500
S 120 Low Low 2100
T 95 High High 3200
Table 4

You are asked to investigate the properties of materials in table 4. Explain the suitability of each
property in table 4 and determine which material is the most suitable to be used in the radiator system
of a car to prevent overheating of its engine.
[ 10 marks ]

Question 5 [Light]

Table 5 shows the arrangement and the specification of two prisms used in the construction of a
binocular telescope.

Study and explain the arrangements and specifications from the following aspects.
- Arrangement of the prisms
- Diameter of the objective lens
- Magnification
- Anti-reflective coating

You are required to determine a workable arrangement and the most suitable binocular for hunting in
the jungle.



Arrangement of prism
Diameter of
objective
lens

Magnification
Anti-
reflective
coating
P

55mm 10X Yes
Q

55mm 5X Yes
R

25mm 5X No
S

55mm 5X No

Arrangement of prism
Diameter of
objective
lens

Magnification
Anti-
reflective
coating
T

55mm 10X Yes
Table 5
[ 10 marks ]

Question 6 [Waves]

Strong retaining walls are usually built in the sea near a harbuor jetty to protect the boats from
damage caused by strong waves.
You have been assigned as an engineer to assemble a retaining wall to be build in front of a new
harbour. Four models for the structure of wall with their suggested locations and characteristics are
shown in table 6.
Models Shape of walls
Material of
walls
Location of
harbour
Has several
openings at the
wall

P

concrete

Bay

No
Q

Cement
and bricks
cape Yes

R

Cement
and bricks

Bay No

S

concrete Bay Yes
Table 6
You are asked to build a strong and safe harbour. Study the characteristics in table 6.Explain the
suitability of the characteristics and determine the most suitable design, characteristics and location
for the harbour.

[ 10 marks ]
Sea waves
Sea waves
Sea waves
Sea waves
Question 7 [Electrics]

Table 7 shows electric kettles with different types of heating elements. You are asked to study the
characteristics of four different shapes and properties of material in Table 7 in order to decide which of
them will be the best for making heating element of the electric kettle.

Kettle

Kettle with different shape of
heating element

Melting point
/
o
C

Ability to break at
high temperature

Oxidisation at high
temperature

P

500

Easy

High

Q

200

Hard

Low

R

200

Hard

High

S

50

Easy

Low
Table 7
Explain the suitability of each property and determine which shape and property of material is most
suitable to be used as the heating element in the electric kettle.
[ 10 marks ]

Question 8 [Electromagnetics]

Diagram 8 shows a model of an electromagnetic relay which is used to switch on an electric motor.

Diagram 8

The resistance of the solenoid of the electromagnet is 20 ohms and the relay needs a minimum
current of 160 mA to function. Terminal AB must be connected to a power supply and a switch.
Terminal PQ is connected to another power supply and an electric motor 240 V, 1000 W.

Table 8

Based on the information in Diagram 8 and Table 8 , determine
(a) The type of core you will use in the electromagnet and justify your choice.
(b) The power supply you will connect to terminal AB . Show your workings and justify your choice.
(c) The current that will flow in electric motor circuit.
Determine the most suitable connecting wires for this circuit and justify your choice.

[ 10 marks ]

Power Supply

3 V
6 V
240 V
Type of connecting wires

Thin copper wires
Thin nichrome wires
Thick copper wires
Thick nichrome wires l
Type of
electromagnet core

Wooden core
Soft iron core
Aluminium core

Question 9 [Electronics]

A fire alarm can be built using a transistor switch circuit. Diagram 9 shows a sketch for the suggested
circuit.

Diagram 9

Group W X Y Z
A AC power supply

Fixed Resistor

Thermistor
Electromagnetic
Relay

B
DC power supply
A terminal positive
B terminal negative

Thermistor

Fixed Resistor

Electromagnetic
Relay

C
DC power supply
A terminal positive
B terminal negative
Thermistor Fixed Resistor Loudspeaker

D
DC power supply
A terminal negative
B terminal positive
Fixed Resistor Thermistor
Electromagnetic
Relay

E
DC power supply
A terminal negative
B terminal positive
Thermistor Fixed Resistor Loudspeaker
Table 9
Table 9 shows the groups of components which should be put to complete the circuit. Explain the
suitability of each component and determine which group of electronic components is the most
suitable to complete the circuit in order for the fire alarm to function.

[ 10 marks ]

A
B
Z
W
Y
X
Question 10 [Radioactivity]

Leaks in underground water pipes can be detected using radioactive sources. A technician is tracing
water pipe line laid underground to detect leakage point. Small amount of radioisotope is put in the
water reservoir Table 10 shows the properties of four radioisotopes.

Radioisotope Solubility in water Half life Types of radiation Physical state
W High 15 hours beta Liquid
X High 8 days gamma Liquid
Y Low 28 years beta Solid
Z Low 38 minutes alpha gas

Table 10

A Geiger-Muller counter is moved over the pipe according to layout plan. At a point, the Geiger-Muller
counter detected high radiation level indicating the point of leakage.

Based on table 10, explain the suitability of the properties of the radioisotopes to be used for
detecting the leakage then state the most suitable radioisotope to be chosen.


[ 10 marks ]


SECTION 4 UNDERSTANDING
( Paper 2 Section B - Question 9 / Question 10; Section C - Question 11 / Question 12)

Force and Motion

1. Figure below shows a worker cutting grass by pushing and pulling a lawn mower.

Using Physics concepts, compare the difficulty of the job when the worker :
(i) pushes the lawn mower.
(ii) pulls the lawn mower.

You may use diagrams in your answer.
[4 marks]

2. Explain how the forces between the molecules caused the elasticity when the spring is
compressed and stretched.
[5 marks ]

Force and Pressure

3. Explain why a balloon filled with helium gas rises up in the air.
[4 marks]

4. Explain why a weather balloon that is rising up in the air will stop at certain altitude.

[4 marks]

5. Diagram 12.2 shows a motorcycle and a bus speeding on a highway track.

Describe the possibilities of the movement of both vehicles when they are speeding side
by side.
Explain your answer.

[ 4 marks]
6. Diagram shows the brake system of a car.

Explain how the system operates when the car needs to slow down.
[4 marks]

7. Using kinetic theory of gasses, explain how the pressure increase when the temperature
increase.
[4 marks]

Heat

8. A housewife found that the time taken to cook the same quantity of food when the wok is
covered is shorter than when using the wok without its cover.
Explain this statement.
[3 marks]

9. Diagram shows the basic components and four processes in a refrigerator.

i. Explain, using the kinetic theory, how the coolant changes from a gas to a liquid in
Process 2.
[3 marks]
ii Explain, in terms of latent heat, how the coolant removes heat in Process 3 and
Process 4.
[2 marks]
Light

10. Explain how you would estimate the focal length of a convex lens in your school laboratory .
[4 marks]

11. While driving a car on a hot day, you may see a mirage on the road.

Explain how mirage occurred.
[ 4 marks ]

Waves

12. Explain why the wavefronts in the sea follow the shape of the coastline as the water
becomes shallower.
[ 4 marks ]

13. Diagram shows a sound wave produced by vibration of a tuning fork. The sound
wave travels in air.

With the help of Diagram 10.3 explain how the sound wave is produced.
[4 marks]

Electricity

14. Diagram 12.1 shows a ping pong ball coated with thin metal foil placed between a pair of
parallel metal disc. When the E.H.T is switched on, an electric field is formed in between the
metal disc.

Explain what will happen to the ping pong ball when it is brought to touch the metal disc
connected to positive terminal of EHT?
[4 marks]

Electromagnetics

15. Nichrome wire is widely used as a heating filament. However, tungsten wire is more preferred
as heating filament in the light bulb. Explain the statement.
. [4 marks]

16. Explain why the bulb connected to two dry cells lights up brighter than one bulb connected to
one dry cell.
[4 marks]

17. Diagram shows the pattern of magnetic field formed when current flows in a coil.

Explain why the magnetic field strength is greater at the center compared to the edge.
[3 marks]

18. Diagram shows a direct current generator.

Explain how the above generator works to produce direct current.
[4 marks]
19. Diagram shows a simple direct current electric motor.

Using the concept of the magnetic effect of an electric current, explain with the aid of
diagrams how forces are produced on a wire in the coil, as shown in the diagram above.
[4 marks]

Electronics

20. Diodes act as rectifiers. They allow current to flow in one direction. With the aid of diagrams,
explain the mechanism of current flow in a semiconductor diode.
[4 marks]

21. Diagram 10.3 shows a shadow is formed on fluorescent screen of the Maltase cross tube.

Explain how the shadow is formed on the fluorescent screen ?
[5 marks]
Radioactivity

22. Radioisotope Strontium-90 is used to measure the thickness of paper in a paper industry .
Explain how Strontium-90 is used to measure the thickness piece of paper?
[4 marks]

SECTION 5 PROBLEM SOLVING (QUANTITATIVE)
( Paper 2 Section A ; Section C - Question 11 / Question 12)

Question 1 : Forces and Motion

A ball is hit straight up into the air with a speed of 25 ms
-1
.

(a) How high does it go? [2 marks]
(b) How long it is in the air? [2 marks]


Diagram 2.1 shows how the velocity of an object varies for 600 s duration.

Calculate
(a) the displacement of the object in 600 s. [2 marks]
(b) The average velocity of the object [2 marks]


A car of mass 1200 kg travelling at 72 km/h is brought to rest in 4s. Find
(a) The average deceleration [2 marks]
(b) The average breaking force [1 marks]
(c) The distance moved during the aceleration [2 marks]

200
0
100 300
0
400
0
500
0
600
0
velocity /ms
-1

time /s
- 4
Diagram 2.1
P
Q R
S
T
U
8
0


Graph 4 shows the relationship between the stretching force, F and the spring extension, x.

Graph 4
(a) Calculate the spring constant of P and Q [3 marks]
(b) Using the graph, calculate the elastic potential energy stored in spring P when
its extension is 0.5 cm
[2 marks]

Question 5 : Force and Motion

A 50.0 kg person stands on a scale in an elevator. What does the scale read when
(a) The elevator is at rest [1 marks]
(b) The elevator is falling at 3.0 ms
-1
[2 marks]
(c) The elevator is accelerating upward at 3.0 ms
-1
[2 marks]

Question 6 : Force and Motion

An explosion breaks an object into two pieces, one of which has 1.5 times the mass of the other. If
5000 J were released in the explosion, calculate the kinetic energy did each piece acquire?


A spring is used to launch a 100 g ball to a vertical maximum height of 5.0 m. The spring will be
compressed 10.0 cm when it is loaded.

(a) Calculate the speed of the ball speed as it is released from the spring [2 marks]
(b) Calculate the kinetic energy of the ball when it is released from the spring [1 marks]
(c) Determine the spring constant, k [2 marks]

Question 8 : Forces and Pressure

F (N)
x (cm)
P
Q
8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Graph F against x of
spring P and spring Q
Diagram 6 shows a simple hydraulic machine used for lifting heavy loads such as cars in a garage. It
consists of two pistons, X and Y of cross sectional area 0.02 m
2
and 0.28 m
2
, respectively. When
piston X is pressed down by applying a force of 15 N, a large force is produced on piston Y.

Diagram 6
(a) Calculate the pressure exerted on the liquid by piston X [1 mark]
(b) Calculate the maximum load that can be lifted by piston Y [2 marks]
(c) If piston X is depressed downwards by a distance of 21 cm, what is the distance
moved by piston Y?
[2 marks]

Question 9 : Heat

A tank holding 50 kg of water is heated by a 3 kW electric immersion heater. The temperature rises
from 10
o
C to 60
o
C [specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg
-1

o
C
-1
]
Determine
(a) Heat received by water [2 marks]
(b) The time for temperature to rise from 10
o
C to 60
o
C [2 marks]

For Question 10 and 11, the values in the table below are required:
water ice aluminium
Specific heat capacity (J g
-1

o
C
-1
] 4.2 2.0 0.9
Specific latent heat (J g
-1
) 2300 340

Question 10 : Heat

How much heat is needed to change 20 g of ice at 0
o
C to steam at 100
o
C?
[4 marks]

Question 11 : Heat

An aluminium can of mass 100 g contains 200 g of water. Both, initially at 15
o
C, are placed in a
freezer at -5
o
C. Calculate the quantity of heat that has to be removed from the water and the can for
their temperatures to fall to -5
o
C.
[5 marks]
Question 12 : Light

A simple magnifying glass produces an enlarged upright image when an object is situated 10 cm from
the lens. If the size of the image is twice that of the object, calculate:
(a) the distance of the image from the lens [2 marks]
(b) the focal length of the lens [2 marks]

Question 13 : Light

Diagram 11 shows an object O is placed in front of a lens, Z.

Diagram 11

An image formed on the screen is two times the size of the object. The object O and screen are 60.0
cm apart when the image is sharply focused.
(i) State which type of lens is used and give reason for your answer.
(ii) Calculate the focal length of the lens. [5 marks]

Question 14 : Light

Diagram 12 shows a square block of glass JKLM with a ray of light incident on side JK at an angle of
incidence of 60
o
. The refractive index of the glass is 1.50.

(a) Calculate the angle of refraction of the ray [2 marks]
(b) Calculate the critical angle for a ray of light in the glass [2 marks]
(c) Explain why the ray cannot emerge from side KL but will emerge from side LM [3 marks]

Question 15 : Electricity

The mass of the load is 0.8 kg and is lifted to a height 1.5 m in 4.0 second. The reading of the
ammeter and voltmeter are 1.2 A and 5.0 V respectively.

Objec
t O
Lens Z
screen
K L

60
o

J M

Calculate

(b) energy input to the motor [2 marks]
(c) the efficiency of the motor [1 mark]

Question 16 : Electromagnetism

Diagram shows an electric bell 12 V,10 W is connected to the output of a transformer. The efficiency
of the
transformer is 80%.

Calculate
(a) the electric current in the electric bell [2 marks]
(b) the electric current in the primary coil [3 marks]

Question 17 : Electromagnetism

A generator with a power output of 20 kW at 4kV distributes power to a workshop along cables having
a total resistance 16 .
Calculate :
(a) the current in the cables [2 marks]
(b) the power loss in the cables [2 marks]
(c) the potential drop between the ends of the cables [1 marks]

Question : 13 Electronics

Diagram 13 shows a fire alarm circuit using a transistor as a switching divice.

DIAGRAM 13
Bell
240 a.c
12 V, 10 W
Electric bell

Resistor T is a thermistor. G will switch on and ring the bell if the potential difference Y and Z exceed
3.2 V. S is a fixed resistor with resistance of 6 k. When there is a fire burning, resistance at T is 3.5
k. . Calculate the potential difference :
(a) across T [2 marks]
(b) across S [2 marks]
(c) Is the bell ringing at that time? Explain your answer. [2 marks]

SECTION 6 DESIGN EXPERIMENT (Paper 3 Section b- Question 3/ Question 4)

Based on the diagrams in Questions 1- 15,
(a) make one suitable inference .
(b) state one appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated.
(c describe how you would design an experiment to test your hypothesis
In your explanation, state clearly the following :
(i) The aim of the experiment
(ii) The variables in the experiment
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials
(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus
(v) the procedures of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the manipulated
variable and the method of measuring the responding variable
(vi) the way you would tabulate the data
(vii) the way you would analyse the data

No. Situation

Q1

Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 show two similar electric kettles used to boil water. The power ratings for the kettles are
240 V, 1000 W. It is found that the water in the kettle in Diagram 2.2 boils faster than the water in the kettle in
Diagram 2.1.

Q2
Diagram 2 shows a model of direct current motor.

Diagram 2
He found that the rotation of the coil speed up when he use more batteries.
Q3

Diagram 3 shows a man is in a leaking boat. He noticed that the spurt coming from the hole at the bottom of the
boat is higher compared to the one from the side.

Q4

Diagram 4 shows a boy cycling at night. The bicycles lamp becomes brighter when he cycles faster.

bottom hole
side hole
No. Situation

Diagram 4

Q5
Aleesa was playing a game of ping-pong (table tennis) with her friend and they are left with only one ping-pong ball.
After playing for a while, they found that the ping-pong ball had a slight dent in it. Aleesa observed that the dented ping-
pong ball as in Diagram 5.1 was restored after pouring some hot water on it as shown in Diagram 5.2.

Diagram 5. 1 Diagram 5.2
Q6
Diagram 6.1 shows a fisherman starting his fishing journey in the morning. Diagram 6.2 shows the fisherman
returning with a boat loaded with fish. The boat sinks deeper into the water.

Q7
Diagram 7 shows an electromagnetic crane is used to carry scrapped metal in industrial area. When the
current flows in the electromagnet is reduced, it is noticed that the amount of scrapped metal carried will be
less.

Diagram 7
No. Situation
Q8

Diagram 8.1 shows a fisherman starting his fishing journey in the morning. Diagram 8.2 shows the fisherman
returning with a boat loaded with fish. The boat sinks deeper into the water.

Q9
Diagram 9.1 shows a diver dives in the sea. Diagram 9.2 shows the same diver dives in the fresh water in the
same depth. Sea water is more dense than fresh water. The diver found that his ears will be painful when diving
in the sea water compared to fresh water.


Q10

Diagram 10.1 shows a boy is trying to pull out a fish from the water. Diagram 10.2 shows the boy is having
difficulty to pull out the fish from the water when half of the fish body is already out of the water.

Sea water Fresh water
Fish Fish
No. Situation

Q11
Diagram 11.1 and 11.2 shows two roadside stalls selling ABC and PAU. Both stalls are using the same
bulbs and batteries that are new. The bulb at the ABC stall is brighter than the bulb at the PAU stall.

Q12
Diagram 12 shows a 12V 12 W light bulb connected to a 12 V power supply. The ammeter reading is 1.0 A.
After a while it is noticed that the ammeter reading is 0.9 A. The bulb becomes hot .

Battery
Batter
y
Diagram 11.1
Diagram 11.2
No. Situation

Diagram 15.1
Q13
Diagram 13 shows an oxygen host in an aquarium which produce some bubbles. The volume of the bubbles
increase when the bubbles reach the surface of water.

Diagram 13

Im a great believer in luck;
and I find the harder I work, the more I have of it

Air pump

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