EXAMPLE E7-1 A six-cylinder four-stroke engine produces a

torque of 1200 N-m at a speed of 2000 rpm. It has a bore of 10

mm and a stroke of 1 mm. !etermine "a# the po$er de%eloped
by the engine& and "b# the '(). "c# *hat-if-+cenario, *hat
$ould the '() be if the engine speed doubled $ithout any
change in the torque- .'anual +olution/
Ans$ers, "a# 21.0 k*& "b# 221.2 k)a& "c# 221.2 k)a
EXAMPLE E7-2 A 2 3 four-stroke engine $ith a thermal
efficiency of 24 and a %olumetric efficiency of 54 has a
po$er output of 100 k* at 000 rpm. If the fuel has a heat of
combustion of 20 '67kg& determine "a# the sfc& "b# '()& and
"c# air to fuel ratio on a mass basis. Assume the intake
manifold conditions to be the same as atmospheric
conditions& 100 k)a and 215 8. .'anual +olution/
Ans$ers, "a# 0.09 kg7k*.hr& "b# 5:.1 k)a& "c# 11.9 Figure E7-2
EXAMPLE E7-3 A 2-cylinder +I engine $ith a cylinder
displacement of 0. 3 and a clearance %olume of 92. m3 is
running at 0000 ;)'. At the beginning of the compression
process& air is at 100 k)a and 20
o
<. =he maximum temperature
during the cycle is 1500 8. (mploying the cold-air standard >tto
cycle& determine "a# the po$er de%eloped by the engine& "b# the
thermal efficiency& and "c# the '(). "d# *hat-if-+cenario, *hat
$ould the thermal efficiency be if the maximum temperature
$ere raised to 2200 8- "e# *hat $ould the thermal efficiency be
if the ideal gas model $ere used- .'anual +olution/ .=(+=
+olution/
Ans$ers, "a# 00.9 k*& "b# 5.4& "c# 910 k)a& "d# 5.4& "e#
0.4
Anim. E7-3
(click)
EXAMPLE E7-4 In (xample E7-3& !etermine "a# the
process that carries the biggest penalty in terms of exergy
destruction. Assume heat is added from a source at 1100 8 and
re?ected to the surroundings at 100 k)a and 20
o
<. "b# *hat is the
rate of exergy destruction for the entire engine- "c# !etermine
the maximum possible po$er that can be extracted from the
exhaust gases. "d# !e%elop a balance sheet for exergy for the
entire cycle. .'anual +olution/ .=(+= +olution/
Ans$ers, "a# @eat ;e?ection& "b# 10.9 k*& "c# 5.1 k*
EXAMPLE E7-5 An air standard !iesel cycle has a
compression ratio of 15. =he heat transferred to the $orking
fluid per cycle is 2000 k67kg. At the beginning of the
compression process& pressure is at 100 k)a and temperature
is at 2
o
<. (mploying the perfect gas ")A# model for the
$orking fluid& determine "a# the pressure at each point in the
cycle& "b# the cut-off ratio& "c# the thermal efficiency& "d# the
net $ork per unit mass& and "e# the '(). "f# *hat-if-
+cenario, *hat $ould the thermal efficiency be if the heat
transfer $ere 100 k67kg- .'anual +olution/ .=(+=
+olution/
Ans$ers, "a# :21 k)a& 25:.5 k)a& "b# 0.1& "c# 5.94& "d#
11:1. k67kg& "e# 120 k)a& "f# 90.:4
Anim. E7-5
(click)
EXAMPLE E7-6 =he !iesel cycle described in (xample
E7-5 is modified into a !ual cycle by breaking the heat
addition process into t$o equal hal%es so that 1000 k67kg of
heat is added at constant %olume follo$ed by 1000 k67kg of
heat addition at constant pressure. !etermine "a# the
temperature at each point in the cycle& "b# the thermal
efficiency& "c# the net $ork per unit mass& and "d# the '().
"e# *hat-if-+cenario, *hat $ould the thermal efficiency be
if :4 of the total heat transfer took place at constant
%olume- .'anual +olution/ .=(+= +olution/
Ans$ers, "a# =2 B 12: 8& =0 B 2020 8& =2 B 000 8& = B
1201 8& "b# 904& "c# 1200 k67kg& "d# 1251 k)a& "e#90.14
Figure E7-6
EXAMPLE E7-7 An ideal +tirling cycle running on a
closed system has air at 100 k)a& 000 8 at the beginning of
the isothermal compression process. @eat supplied from a
source of 1:00 8 is 500 k67kg. !etermine "a# the efficiency&
"b# the net $ork output per kg of air. Assume %ariable
specific heats. "c# *hat-if-+cenario, *hat $ould the
efficiency be if the argon $ere the $orking fluid- .'anual
+olution/ .=(+= +olution/
Ans$ers, "a# 52.04& "b# 95.5 k67kg& "c# 52.04
Anim. E7-7
(click)
Copyright 1998- 2012: Subrata Bhattacharje