1

Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

1 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

PRACTICAL ANATOMY
OF
RESPITATORY SYSTEM












* Spot (1) :

Identify the pointed structure ?
Nasal septum (Medial wall)
Mention its parts ?
Septal cartilage + Vomer + perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone .
Mention most common side of bleeding on this part ?
(momkn ysa2l eh el branbches el bt3mlha ? page 47 ward )
Kieselbach area OR little area .
* Spots
, 10 Spots .
* Content :
Nasal Cavity Larynx Lung Diaphragm typical & 1
st
rib Typical thoracic V.


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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

2 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

Mention blood supply of its upper part ?
ant. & post. Ethmoidal arteries.
mention its nerve supply ?
olfactory nerve internal nasal medial post. Superior nasal nasopalatine .
Spot O(V-imp)

identify pointed str. ?
Inferior nasal meatus .
Mention structures opening through it ?
Nasolacrimal Duct.








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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

3 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

Spot O

Identify ?
Middle nasal meatus .
Mention structures opening through it ?
middle ethmoidal sinus >> Bulla ethmoidalis .
ant. Ethmoidal sinus & maxillary sinus & frontal sinus >> Hiatus semilunaris .
Mention its parts ?
Bulla ethmoidalis & Hiatus semilunaris.
* Spot O

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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

4 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

Identify ?
Sup. Nasal meatus .
Mention structures opening through it ?
Posterior ethmoidal sinus .
* Spot O

Identify ?
1- Nasal vestibule 2- Atrium
Mention nerve supply of str. No. (1) ?
Infraorbital nerve .





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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

5 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* Spot O

identify ?
Sphenoidal air sinus .
Mention its opening ?
Sphenoethmoidal recess.
* Spot O

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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

6 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

identify ?
1= inferior nasal concha 2 = middle nasal concha. 3 =palatine process of maxilla.
Mention bones forming roof of Nasal cavity ?
nasal bone + nasal part of frontal bone + cribriform plate of ethmoid bone . + body of sphenoid
bone.
Mention bones forming floor of nasal cavity ?
palatine process of maxilla (ant.) + horizontal plate of palatine bone .(post.)
Mention nerve supply of anterior part of respiratory area of this wall ?
anterior ethmoidal n. (antero-superior ) + internal nasal n. (antero-inferior)
Mention nerve supply of posterior part of respiratory area of this wall ?
lateral posterior superior nasal & lateral posterior inferior nasal .
Exam : identify all of the following ?












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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

7 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

LARYNX
* :
- fold upper most Epiglottis .
- smooth Vestibule
- fold Vestibular fold . ventricle .
- fold ventricle Vocal cords .
- Diagram Spots .



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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

8 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* Spot O

Identify ? (yellow arrow)
Epiglottis .
type of cartilage ? Elastic cartilage .
Mention ligaments attached to it ? (2 ligs.) 1=Hyo-epiglottic 2= thyro-epiglottic .
Mention its function ? = Closure of laryngeal opening during swallowing to prevent aspiration.
* Spot (2)

Identify ?
Laryngeal Vestibule .
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

9 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

Mention its sensory supply of its Mucosa ??
internal laryngeal nerve .







* spot (3)


Identify ?
Vestibular fold .
Mention it sensory supply of its Mucosa ??
internal laryngeal nerve
Mention one structure lying deep to it ?
laryngeal saccule . (see book p. 57)
- VOCAL CORDS SENSORY SUPPLY FROM INTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVE
RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE .
* BLOOD SUPPLY . VOCAL CORDS <<SUP. LARYNGEAL ARTERY .
INF. LARYNGEAL A.

NB
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

10 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* Spot (4) :

Identify ?
Ventricle .(between vocal cords & vestibular folds )
* Spot (5)


Identify ?
Vocal cords (below ventricl)
Mention Muscles that
increase its tension ?
Cricothyroid M.
Mention Muscles that
decrease its tension ?
Vocalis + thyroarytenoids
Mention its abductor M. ?
Posterior cricoarytenoid.
Mention its adductors ?
lateral cricoarytenoid.
Transverse arytenoid.

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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

11 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* Spot (6)
* fold aryepiglottic fold content :
* 2 cartilage + muscle >> corniculate ct. + cuneiform ct. + aryepiglottic muscle .

Identify ??
aryepiglottic fold
Mention its content ? (corniculate ct. + cuneiform ct. + aryepiglottic muscle).
Mention boundaries of laryngeal cavity ? (m4 common)
Ant. >>>upper edge of epiglottis .
on each side >>>aryepiglottic fold .
post. >>>mucous fold between 2 arytenoids .
Mention vertebral level of Larynx ?
at the level of (C4 : C6 ).
Mention vertebral level of cricoid ct. ??
Level of C6.
Mention muscles that close & open laryngeal opening ?
close >> aryepiglottic m. & transverse arytenoid & oblique
open >> thyro- epiglottic muscle .
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

12 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

objectives cartilage Models .
.





















* Lung right & left :
-



Identify ?
quadrate lamina of cricoids cartilage .

Mention str. Attached ?
posterior crico-arytenoid Muscle .



Identify ?
Arytenoid cartilage .
Mention str. Attached ?
Oblique arytenoids muscle .
ary-epiglottic muscle .
ary-epiglottic fold .
* Ary-

Identify O , O ?
1- Cricoid cartilage .
2- Thyroid cartilage .
Mention its vertebral level of str. NO. O ?
at level of C6.
Mention str. Attached to O ?
Crico-tracheal membrane .
Crico-thyroid membrane .
Mention str. Attached to O ?
Thyrohyoid membrane & thyroepiglottic lig.
thyro-
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

13 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

LUNGS
- 2 fissures ( transverse & oblique ) << right lung ant. Border
cardiac notch lingual ( ) .
- only one fissure oblique fissure ant. Border <<cardiac notch left lung .
< ant. Border post. Border .
* relations mediastinal surface cardiac
imprssion antero-inferior to hilum lung
O right lung cardiac impression of right atrium SVC
hilum arch of azygos hilum azygos vein .
- :

* impression trachea C-shaped tracheal cartilage .
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

14 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

left lung fissure cardiac notch ant. border
cardiac impression for left ventricle . hilum arch of aorta
hilum descending aorta . left common carotid left
subclavian .
>







> hilum of right lung arch of Azygos vein .
> hilum of left lung arch of aorta .
> hilum :
- Right lung Azygos vein - left lung Descending thoracic aorta .

NB
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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Hilum of right & left Lung
* Hilum of right lung :
> right main brochus bifurcate before its entry to the lung 2 bronchi most
post. Strucutures of the hilum . poist. Border rounded . open
collapsed cartilage plates .
> pulmonary artery :
1 - bronchus artery <<< Eparterial
2 - bronchus artery <<<< Hyparterial .
> most anterior str. pulmonary veins <<< sup. inf. .


ant. Border sharp post. Border rounded .
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

16 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* hiulm of left lung bronchus .












Bronchi are the most posterior structures .
pulmonary veins are the moat anterior structures .
pulmonary artery inbetween them .
you may be asked about other contents of hilum but not seen in the specimen :
- Hilar lymph nodes .
- ant. & post. Pulmonary plexuses .
- Bronchial vessels .

Remember that :
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

17 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

* Spot O

Identify the pointed structure ?
Transverse fissure of right lung .

Mention its surface anatomy ?
it begins at ant. Border opposite to 4
th
costal cartilage .
Identify surface ? Mention its relation ?
Costal surface . >>> Costal pleura & thoracic wall .
* Spot O

Identify the pointed structure ?
Apex of right lung .
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

18 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .

Mention its surface anatomy ?
it extends up 1 inch above and post. meidal 1/3 of the clavicle
* Spot O


Identify the pointed structure ?
Oblique fissure of right lung .

Mention its surface anatomy ?
it begins at post. Border opposite to spine of T4 .
It terminates at ant. Border opposite to 6
th
costo-chondral junction .
Spot O



Identify the pointed
structure ?
Base of right lung .

Mention structures related ?

Diaphragmatic pleura .
right copula of diaphragm.
right lobe of the liver .


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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

19 | B y / A b d E l r a h m a n H i l m y .


Spot O


Identify the pointed structure No. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ?
O Cardiac notch
O Lingula .
O Base of left lung .
Oposterior border of left lung .
O oblique fissure of left lung .
Mention brochpulmonary segments
of str. NO. (2) ?

Sup. & inf. Lingular segments .
Mention surface anatomy of str. No
(5) ?
it begins at = post. Border opposite
to spine of T3 .
It terminates at = ant. Border
opposite to 6
th
costo-chondral junction.
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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Mention structures related str. NO. O (base) ?
Diaphragmatic pleura .
left copula of diaphragm.
left lobe of the liver .
fundus of stomach .
Spleen.

Mention surface anatomy of str. No O & Mention one use ?
cardiac notch lies at meidal end of 4
th
& 5
th
intercostals space .
>> Used for pericardial puncture .(in order not to injure the lung )

Mention str. Related to NO. O ?
Paravertbral gutter .
Spot O



















Spot O





Identify the pointed structure No. 1 , 2 ?
O ant. Border of right lung .
O upper lobe of right lung ?

Mention str. Related to NO. 1 ?
Costo-mediastinal recess.
Mention brochpulmonary segments of
str. NO 2 ?

Apical
anterior
posterior


Identify pointed str. ?
inferior border of right lung.
Mention str. Related ?
Costo-diaphragmatic recess.
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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Spot O Spot O

Identify the pointed structure?
Middle lobe of right lung
Mention its brochopulmonary segments ?
medial & lateral segments .
Mention its blood supply ?
bronchial arteries .
Mention its nerve supply ?
anterior & posterior pulmonary plexuses .
Spot G Test yourself
Identify ?
inferior lobe of right lung .
Mention its bronchopulmonary
segments ?
Apical basal
Medial basal
Lateral basal
Anterior basal
Posterior basal
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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Spot 11

Identify the side ? (right & left )
Identify pointed structures ?
Identify surface ?
Spot 12
Mention side & Identify pointed structures ?
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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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Diaphragm

* Identification

Structures related to left copula?
Superiorly = pleura & base of left lung & apex of heart .
Inferioly = left lobe of liver & fundus of stomach & spleen .

Structures related to right copula ?
Sup. = pleura & base of right lung .
Inf. = right lobe of liver .

Mention nerve supply (or Action ) of diaphragm ?
Mention its ligamentous origin ? (Median & medial & lateral arcuate ligaments )
Mention structures that :
a- pass deep to medial arcuate lig.
b- pass deep to lateral arcuate lig.
c- pass through caval & aortic & esophageal openings.
str. deep to median arcuate ligament aortic
hiatus aortic hiatus deep .
trachea
, .
Identify pointed structures ?
lung .


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Practical Anatomy of Respiratory System .

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- Model . :



Mention its beging & termination ?
Mention its (right & left & ant. & post.) relation ?
Mention its nerve supply ?
Mention its blood supply ?



bones typical rib & 1
st
rib typical thoracic vertebrae
bones ASM < w :
.facebook.com/groups/asm2019/530994623677232 https://www
/




NB