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Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev.

Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 1/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
PROCESS DESCRIP!ION
SUL"UR RECO%ERY AND !AIL GAS !REA!ING UNI!S
UNI!S 221/222/223
04 15-Jan-1 !"-#uilt $. S. %im S. &. 'e &. J. %(on
0 15-)ct-10 Revi"ed *+C $. S. %im &. C. Jung C. #. Par,
0- -.-/ar-10 *""ued 0or Con"truction D. '. %im &. C. Jung C. #. Par,
01 01-Dec-02 *""ued 0or De"ign &. S. C3o &. C. Jung C. #. Par,
00 11-Nov-02 *""ued 0or Revie( &. S. C3o &. C. Jung C. #. Par,
RE%. DA!E S!A!US &RI!!EN BY
4name 5 vi"a6
C$EC'ED BY
4name 5 vi"a6
APPRO%./AU!$OR. BY
4name 5 vi"a6
D)CU/7N$ R78*S*)NS
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 2/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
.
INDE
1 IN!RODUC!ION........................................................................................................................... 3
2 BLOC' DIAGRAM O" !$E UNI!................................................................................................ 4
3 PROCESS !$EORY..................................................................................................................... (
4 PROCESS DESCRIP!ION......................................................................................................... 13
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 3/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
1 IN!RODUC!ION
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3i" document i" to de"cri:e t3e 9roce"" 0lo( "c3eme o0 t3e Sul0ur
Recover; 4SRU6 and $ail <a" $reating Unit" 4$<$6 to :e in"talled in t3e !l Ju:ail
Re0iner; in t3e %ingdom o0 Saudi !ra:ia.
$3e Ju:ail 7=9ort Re0iner; Project include" SRU>$<$ Unit" 0or a ca9acit; o0 1-20 t>d
a" elemental "ul0ur contained in t3e 0eed"toc,".
$3e Sul0ur Recover; and $ail <a" $reatment "3all meet t3e environmental regulation
in 0orce? (3ic3 im9o"e ver; lo( S)- emi""ion". $3e Ro;al Commi""ion 0or Ju:ail and
'an:u? allo(" a ma=imum S)- content in t3e 0lue ga" 0rom SRU *ncinerator" o0 -50
99m 8ol. at @ero 9ercent o=;gen on dr; :a"i".
#a"ed on a:ove reAuirement" t3e "elected 9roce"" con0iguration envi"age t3e u"e o0
t3e /odi0ied Clau" 9roce"" 0ollo(ed :; a $ail <a" $reatment :a"ed on t3e R!R
4Reduction? !:"or9tion? Rec;cle6 9roce"".
$3e SRU and $<$ de"cri:ed 3ereina0ter re0er to a 9lant con0iguration (it3 t3ree
identical 9arallel inde9endent train".
Re0erence to :e made to t3e SRU>$<$ Proce"" +lo( Diagram" Doc No.B
S!-J7R-!<--0-D!C/-452001 4Common !mine Storage6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-452001 4Clau" $3ermal Stage6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-45200- 4Clau" Catal;tic Stage6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-45200 4Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Pit6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-452004 4$<$ Section6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-452005 4!mine Regeneration Section6
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/-45200. 4$3ermal *ncinerator 5 D&R S;"tem6
Re0erence to :e made to t3e SRU>$<$ &eat and /aterial #alance Doc No.B
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/--22001 4De"ign 5.0 t>d 7)R Ca"e6E
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/--2200- 4Normal 40 t>d 7)R Ca"e6E
S!-J7R-!<--1-D!C/--2200 4$urndo(n 11- t>d S)R Ca"e6.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 4/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
2 BLOC' DIAGRAM O" !$E UNI!
$3e Sul0ur Recover; +acilitie" 4SRU 5 $<$U6 o0 t3e J7RP Re0iner; con"i"t o0 t3ree
9arallel and identical train" and "ome common 9art".
7ac3 train i" eAui99ed (it3 t3e 0ollo(ing "ection"B
Clau" SectionE
$<$ SectionE
Sul0ur Dega""ing SectionE
*ncineration Section.
$3e :loc, diagram o0 eac3 train i" 9ictured in t3e 0ollo(ing 0igureB
$3e 0ollo(ing 9roce"" de"cri9tion i" re0erred to one train onl; 4Unit --16E t3e ot3er t(o
train" 4Unit --- and Unit --6 are identical.
$3e common 0acilitie" 4Unit --06? mainl; amine "torage ";"tem and air com9re""or" 0or
Sul0ur Dega""ing Pac,age"? are al"o de"cri:ed.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
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SP 0000 06 04 (/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
3 PROCESS !$EORY
! Sul0ur Recover; and $ail <a" $reatment Unit con"i"t o0 t3e 0ollo(ing 9roce""
"ection"B
Clau" SectionE
Dega""ing and Storage Pit SectionE
$<$ SectionE
$3ermal *ncinerator Section.
3.1 C)*+, S-c./o0
$3e 9roce"" utili@ed in t3i" "ection i" called F/odi0ied Clau" Proce""G and con"i"t" in a
"u:"toic3iometric com:u"tion o0 t3e acid ga" "tream in t3e $3ermal Reactor 0ollo(ed
:; catal;tic conver"ion in t3e Clau" Reactor".
*n t3e Clau" Section one-t3ird o0 t3e total &-S i" o=idi@ed to S)-? (3ic3 react" (it3 t3e
remaining &-S to 0orm "ul0ur and (ater? a" "3o(n in t3e 0ollo(ing reactionB
&-S H 1.5)- &-) H S)-
4o=idation6
-&-S H S)- 1.5S- H -&-)
4Clau" Reaction6
&-S H 1.5)- &-) H 1.5S-
4overall6
$3e goal o0 t3e 9roce"" i" to drive t3e overall reaction to near com9letion.
*n t3e $3ermal Reactor t3e &-S contained in t3e acid ga" i" :urnt (it3 air in a :urner
and onl; one-t3ird o0 t3e total &-S i" o=idi@ed to S)- (3ile t3e remaining t(o-t3ird i"
not reacted.
During t3e acid ga" com:u"tion a 9art o0 t3e &-S i" di""ociated to &- and "ul0ur a"
0ollo("B
&-S &- H 0.5 S- 4di""ociation6
$3e ammonia contained in t3e acid ga" react" according to t3e reactionB
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 6/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
-N& H 1.5 )- N- H &-) 4N& reaction6
$3e 0ollo(ing "ide reaction"? leading to t3e 0ormation o0 C)S and CS- are al"o involved
in t3e 9roce"" (3en C)- and>or 3;drocar:on" are 9re"ent in t3e acid ga".
C)- H &-S C)S H &-) 4C)S 0ormation6
C)- H -&-S CS- H -&-) 4CS- 0ormation6
Cn&4-nH-6 H
2 ) 1 2 ( + n
)- nC) H4nH16&-) 4&C com:u"tion6
Cn&4-nH-6 H
2 ) 1 3 ( + n
)- n C)-H4nH16&-) 4&C com:u"tion6
*n order to com9lete t3e Clau" reaction" a "uita:le re"idence time i" nece""ar; at 3ig3
tem9erature in t3e t3ermal reactor.
$3e main reaction involved in t3e catal;tic reactor" i"B
-&-S H S)- -&-) H >= S= 4Clau" Reaction6
$3e Clau" reaction i" an e=ot3ermic eAuili:rium reaction t3ermod;namicall; en3anced
:; lo( tem9erature".
*n t3e 0ir"t catal;tic reactor in addition to t3e Clau" reaction t3e 3;drol;"i" o0 C)S and
CS- i" ac3ievedB
C)S H &-) &-S H C)- 4C)S 3;drol;"i"6
CS- H -&-) -&-S H C)- 4CS- 3;drol;"i"6
/o"t c3emical reaction" in Clau" 9lant" occur eit3er in t3e 0urnace 4$3ermal Reactor6
or in t3e catal;tic reactor".
$3e one im9ortant e=ce9tion i" "ul0ur va9our "9ecie" tran"0ormation".
7lemental "ul0ur va9our can e=i"t a" 0our "e9arate "9ecie"? namel;B S-? S4? S.? SI.
U"uall; S4 9roduction i" negligi:leE 3ence? it i" im9ortant to con"ider t3e 0ollo(ing
eAuili:rium reaction"? (3ic3 concern t3e com:u"tion "tage? t3e catal;tic conver"ion
"tage and t3e 9roce"" ga" cooling "tageB
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
SI4ga"6 4S-4ga"6
SI4ga"6 4S.4ga"6
/o"t o0 t3e "ul0ur va9our ;ielded in t3e 0urnace e=i"t" t3ere a" S-. !" t3e ga" 9a""e"
t3roug3 t3e Da"te &eat #oiler and Sul0ur Conden"er" 4and it" tem9erature dro9"6 t3e
"ul0ur "3i0t" 9artl; to S4 and t3en to nearl; all S. and SI.
$3e liAue0action o0 t3e "ul0ur 9roduced in t3e t3ermal and catal;tic conver"ion "te9" i"
9er0ormed in t3e Sul0ur Conden"er" according to t3e 0ollo(ing main reaction"B
SI4ga"6 I S14liAuid6
S.4ga"6 . S14liAuid6
S-4ga"6 - S14liAuid6
$3e "ul0ur 9roduced i" conden"ed? "e9arated and "ent to t3e CiAuid Sul0ur Dega""ing
Section.
3.2 L/2+/3 S+)4+5 D-6*,,/06 S-c./o0
$3e liAuid "ul0ur 9roduced in t3e SRU contain" "olu:le &-S and &-S= 43;drogen 9ol;-
"ul0ide"6. &;drogen 9ol;-"ul0ide i" a (ea,l; :ound 9ol;meric com:ination o0 3;drogen
"ul93ide and elemental "ul0urB
&-S H S4=-16 &-S=
$3e 9rinci9le o0 t3e dega"i0ication 9roce"" o0 t3e liAuid "ul0ur i" to relea"e t3e di""olved
&-S ga" and to accelerate t3e decom9o"ition o0 t3e 9ol;"ul93ide" to &-S.
&-S= &-S H S4=-16 4decom9o"ition o0 t3e 9ol;"ul93ide"6
4&-S6di""olved 4&-S6ga" 4de"or9tion o0 &-S6
!ir i" normall; utili"ed to remove &-S 0rom t3e liAuid "ul0ur? t3u" 9romoting t3e
9ol;"ul93ide decom9o"ition :; t3e rever"e reaction.
CiAuid Sul0ur cooling i" normall; reAuired to o9timi@e t3e dega""ing reaction and
"tri99ing avoiding 3ig3 vi"co"it;.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 8/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
$3e "olu:ilit; o0 &-S in liAuid "ul0ur increa"e" a" t3e tem9erature i" increa"edE t3i"
anomalou" :e3avior i" due to t3e 0ormation o0 9ol;"ul93ide" in "ul0ur.
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e liAuid "ul0ur cooling i" to minimi@e t3e "olu:ilit; o0 &-S in liAuid
"ul0ur. $3e liAuid "ul0ur cooling i" mandator; 0or 3ig3 "ul0ur ca9acit; 9lant.
3.3 !G! S-c./o0
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e $ail <a" $reatment Section i" to convert all "ul0ur com9ound"
contained in t3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom Clau" Section into &-S and to remove it 0rom t3e tail
ga". $3e re"ult i" an increa"e o0 t3e "ul0ur recover; e00icienc; o0 t3e unit.
$3e 9roce"" utili@ed in t3i" "ection i" t3e $ec3ni9 %$* R!R 4Reduction !:"or9tion
Rec;cle6.
R!R i" a $ail <a" $reatment Unit :a"ed on t3e FReduction and 3;drol;"i"G to &-S o0
"ul0ur com9ound" in t3e $ail <a" 0rom t3e Clau" Section? F!:"or9tionG o0 &-S (it3
"elective amine "olution and FRec;cleG o0 &-S to t3e Clau" Section to :oo"t t3e overall
"ul0ur recover; e00icienc;.
3.3.1 $735o6-0*./o0 R-*c.o5
*n t3e &;drogenation Reactor all t3e "ul0ur com9ound" contained in t3e 9roce"" ga"
0rom Clau" Section are tran"0ormed in &-S according to t3e 0ollo(ing reaction"B
C) H &-) &- H C)- 4C) "3i0t6
S)- H &- &-S H -&-) 4S) 3;drogenation6
S= H =&- =&-S 4Sva9or 3;drogenation6
C)S H &-) &-S H C)- 4C)S 3;drol;"i"6
CS- H -&-) -&-S H C)- 4CS- 3;drol;"i"6
$3e &;drogenation Reactor contain" a co:alt-mol;:denum catal;"t? (3ic3 9er0orm"
:ot3 t3e 3;drogenation and t3e 3;drol;"i" 0unction".
Reduction and 3;drol;"i" reaction" ta,e 9lace in t3e &;drogenation Reactor cau"e an
increa"e o0 ga" tem9erature 4due to e=ot3ermic reaction"6E t3ere0ore t3e 3ot $ail <a"
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
3a" to :e cooled do(n? :e0ore t3at t3e &-S "o 9roduced i" recovered in t3e $<$
!:"or:er and rec;cled :ac, to t3e Clau" Section via !mine !cid <a".
$3u" t3e $ail <a" i" 0ir"tl; "end to t3e $<$ Da"te &eat #oiler? (3ere t3e 3eat
9roduced i" 9artiall; recovered generating lo( 9re""ure "team? and t3en it i" 0ed to t3e
Auenc3 to(er? (3ere t3e tail ga" i" 0ini"3ed to :e cooled do(n :; Auenc3 (ater.
$3e &-S 9roduced i" recovered in t3e $<$ !:"or:er and rec;cled to t3e Clau"
Section.
3.3.2 $2S A8,o59./o0
$3e &-S a:"or9tion i" ac3ieved (it3 t3e /D7! (3ic3 i" a tertiar; !l,anolamine.
!l,anolamine" 3ave :een u"ed 0or acid ga"e" removal in t3e la"t .0 ;ear" and are "till
a ver; com9etitive tec3nolog;.
$3eir action i" :a"ed on acid ga" c3emical a:"or9tion? 0ollo(ed :; regeneration o0 t3e
enric3ed "olution o:tained :; "tri99ing.
&-S and C)-? (3en di""olved in an aAueou" medium? di""ociate to 0orm (ea, acid"
according to t3e 0ollo(ing reaction"B
&-S H &-) &)
H
H &S
J
C)- H &-) &
H
H &C)
J
!mine"? on t3e ot3er 3and? are (ea, organic :a"e" :ecau"e? (3en di""olved in an
aAueou" medium? di""ociate to 0orm organic :a"e" according to t3e 0ollo(ing reactionB
K!/*N7L H &-) K!/*N7L&
H
H )&
J
!cid ga"e" and amine :a"e" com:ine c3emicall; to 0orm acidJ:a"e com9le=e" called
"alt". &-S and C)- a:"or9tion i" 9rom9ted :; a 0ugacit; driving 0orce 9re"ent :et(een
t3e :ul, o0 t3e ga"eou" and liAuid 93a"e".
+or an acid ga" molecule? initiall; 9re"ent in t3e ga"eou" 93a"e? to react (it3 an amine
molecule 9re"ent in t3e liAuid 93a"e? a t3reeJ"te9 "eAuence mu"t :e com9letedB
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 10/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
16 $3e acid ga" molecule mu"t cro"" t3e ga"eou" 93a"e and a99roac3 t3e
va9ourJliAuid inter0aceE t3i" movement occur" :; di00u"ion and i" 9rom9ted :; a
9artial 9re""ure gradient t3at re9re"ent" t3e 93enomenonM" driving 0orceE
-6 !0ter reac3ing t3e va9ourJliAuid inter0ace? t3e acid ga" molecule mu"t enter t3e
liAuid 93a"e and t3en travel until coming acro"" an amine molecule. $3i"
movement al"o occur" :; di00u"ion and i" 9rom9ted :; a concentration gradient
t3at re9re"ent" t3e 93enomenonM" driving 0orceE
6 D3en t3e acid ga" molecule and amine molecule come into contact? t3e; 0inall;
react at a ,inetic reaction rate.
*n t3e ga"eou" 93a"e? a" t3e 9roce"" in 9er0ormed at lo( 9re""ure"? &-S and C)-
0ugacitie" can :e a""umed eAual to t3eir 9artial 9re""ure" 4de0ined a" t3e 9roduct o0
t3e total 9re""ure and t3e acid ga" molar 0raction6. *n t3e liAuid 93a"e? t3e a:"or:ed
acid ga" 0ugacit; i" u"uall; e=9re""ed a" t3e 9roduct o0 t3e com9onent molar 0raction
and it" &enr; con"tant 4(3o"e value i" 3ig3l; tem9erature "en"itive6.
$3e a:"or9tion i" 9rom9ted :; a 0ugacit; driving 0orce? (it3 re"9ect to eac3
com9onent? t3at occur" :et(een t3e :ul, o0 t3e ga"eou" and liAuid 93a"e".
!t eAuili:rium? t3e 0ugacit; o0 eac3 com9onent in t3e ga"eou" 93a"e eAual" t3at o0 t3e
"ame com9onent in t3e liAuid 93a"e? t3e driving 0orce t3ere0ore vani"3e" and no
0urt3er a:"or9tion i" 9o""i:le.
S(eetening amine" can :e 9rimar;? "econdar; and tertiar;? de9ending on t3e num:er
o0 3;dro=;l grou9" :ound to t3eir nitrogen.
$3e mo"t ,no(n amine" areB
- Primar; amineB /7! 4/onoet3anolamine6 RN&- /DN.1
- Secondar; !mine D7! 4Diet3anolamine6 R-N& /DN105
- $ertiar; amine /D7!4/et3;ldiet3anolamine6 R-NC& /DN112
R N !lco3ol radical 4C&-C&-)&6.
7ac3 amine 3a" at lea"t one 3;dro=;l grou9 and one amino grou9. *n general? it can :e
maintained t3at t3e 3;dro=;l grou9 reduce" va9our 9re""ure and increa"e" (ater
"olu:ilit;? (3il"t t3e amino grou9 9rovide" (ater "olution" (it3 t3e nece""ar; al,alinit;
reAuired to 9romote t3e acid ga" a:"or9tion.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
$3e reaction :et(een a &-S and /D7! goe" :; t3e name o0 direct F9roton tran"0erG
reactionE ,ineticall; it occur" in"tantaneou"l; and can :e re9re"ented a" 0ollo("B
K!/*N7L H &-S K!/*N7L&
H
H &S
J
$3e reaction :et(een a C)- molecule and /D7! i" not direct and t3e 0ollo(ing "te9"
are nece""ar;B
Ste9 1B Car:onic acid 0ormation
C)- H &-) &-C)
Ste9 -B Car:onic acid di""ociation 4"lo( "te96
&-C) &
H
H &C)
J
Ste9 B !cidJ:a"e neutrali@ation
&
H
H R-NC& R-N&C&
H
$3ere0ore? (3en a C)- molecule di""olve" in (ater? due to it" acid c3emical
c3aracteri"tic"? it 0ir"t 3;drol;@e" to 0orm car:onic acid 4&-C)6.
$3e car:onic acid molecule &-C) "lo(l; di""ociate" to 0orm 3;drogen ion &
H
and
:icar:onate ion &C)
J
.
$3e :icar:onate 0ormed t3an com:ine" (it3 t3e amine 4/D7!6 via an acidJ:a"e
neutrali@ation reaction a" t3e; come in contact.
Since t3e car:onic acid di""ociation "te9 i" relativel; "lo( ,ineticall;? t3e overall ,inetic
rate o0 C)- a:"or9tion i" Auite "lo( a" (ell. !" /D7! i" a tertiar; amine? it i" t3ere0ore
more "elective (it3 re"9ect to &-S t3an conventional amine" "uc3 a" /7! or D7!.
$3i" "electivit; ari"e" on account o0 0act t3at /D7!? (3ic3 doe" not 3ave a 3;drogen
atom attac3ed to t3e nitrogen? cannot react directl; (it3 C)- to 0orm car:amate.
!ll t3e reaction" involved 9roceed to eAuili:riumE t3e a:"or9tion ta,e" 9lace almo"t at
am:ient tem9erature? a" it i" an e=ot3ermic reactionE regeneration i" carried out at t3e
"olution :oiling 9oint.
$<$ Unit em9lo;" t3e "elective &-S "olvent /D7! in order to ma=imi@e 3;drogen
"ul93ide a:"or9tion.
/D7! concentration in t3e "olvent "olution i" 40O :; (eig3t.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 12/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
3.4 !:-5;*) I0c/0-5*./o0 S-c./o0
$3e o=idation o0 t3e tail ga" 9roduced in t3e Clau" and $<$ "ection" o0 t3e 9lant i"
nece""ar; to tran"0orm all "ul0ur com9ound" 9re"ent into S)-.
$3e o=idation o0 t3e "ul0ur com9ound i" ac3ieved at 3ig3 tem9erature (it3 e=ce"" o0
o=;gen :urning 0uel ga".
$3e reaction" involved are "ummari@ed 3ere :elo(B
S H )- S)-
&-S H 1.5 )- S)- H &-)
C)S H 1.5 )- C)- H S)-
CS- H .0 )- C)- H -S)-
&- H 0.5 )- &-)
C) H 0.5 )- C)-
S)- H 0.5 )- S)
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
4 PROCESS DESCRIP!ION
4.1 G-0-5*) P5oc-,, D-,c5/9./o0
Re0erence i" made to t3e P+DM" attac3ed.
$3e Sul0ur Recover; and $ail <a" Unit can :e divided in 9roce"" "ection" a" 0ollo("B
Clau" Section
CiAuid Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage DrumE
$ail <a" $reatment Section and !mine RegenerationE
*ncineration Section.
4.1.1 C)*+, S-c./o0
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e Clau" Section i" t3e conver"ion in valua:le liAuid "ul0ur o0 t3e &-S
contained in t3e 0eed"toc, 4!mine !cid <a" and Sour Dater Stri99er !cid <a"6.
$3e acid ga"e" "e9arator" are 9rovided (it3 t3e 9ur9o"e to remove an; 9roce""
conden"ate and ot3er entrained liAuid 0rom t3e acid 0eed"toc,". $3e Sour Dater
collected i" "ent di"continuou"l; to :atter; limit via Drain Pum9" controlled :; an
automatic "tart>"to9 ";"tem.
Sour Dater Stri99er !cid <a" and 9art o0 t3e !mine !cid <a" are mi=ed and 0ed to t3e
$3ermal Reactor #urner 43ig3 e00icienc; :urner6? (3ic3 i" mounted in 0ront o0 t3e
$3ermal Reactor.
Part o0 t3e !mine !cid <a" i" 0ed to t3e -nd @one o0 t3e $3ermal Reactor? in order to
o:tain an adia:atic 0lame tem9erature o0 1400 C minimum at t3e $3ermal Reactor 1"t
@one outlet in order to 9ro9erl; de"tro; t3e ammonia contained in t3e SDS !cid <a".
$3e $3ermal Reactor eAui99ed (it3 t(o @one"? t3e re"idence time? t3e :urner de"ign
and t3e o9erating condition" en"ure t3e com9lete ammonia de"truction.
$3e air to t3e $3ermal Reactor #urner i" "u99lied :; a dedicated Com:u"tion !ir
#lo(er.
$3e correct ratio o0 0eed ga" and air i" maintained automaticall; :; t(o 0lo( controller"
acting on t(o 9arallel control valve" in t3e di"c3arge line o0 t3e com:u"tion air :lo(er.
)ne 0lo( controller maintain" t3e ratio o0 air and "our ga"e"? t3e ot3er 0lo( controller i"
re"et :; t3e "ignal coming 0rom t3e &-S>S)- anal;"er 4air demand anal;"er6 in order to
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
o:tain an &-S>S)- ratio eAual to - in t3e $ail <a" 0rom t3e Clau" Section (3ic3
corre"9ond" to t3e ma=imum "ul0ur recover; ac3ieva:le in t3e Clau" Section.
$3e com:u"tion in $3ermal Reactor i" largel; "u:"toic3iometric and t3ere0ore N)=
0ormation i" minimal.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom $3ermal Reactor #urner? a0ter an adeAuate re"idence time in t3e
$3ermal Reactor? i" cooled do(n in t3e $3ermal Reactor Da"te &eat #oiler 4D&#6?
(3ere 3eat i" recovered generating 3ig3 9re""ure "team 4&PS6.
7ven i0 t3e tem9erature o0 t3e 9roce"" ga" coming 0rom t3e $3ermal Reactor Da"te
&eat #oiler i" normall; 3ig3er t3an t3e conden"ing tem9erature o0 "ul0ur? t3e D&# i"
eAui99ed (it3 t(o inde9endent &;draulic Seal" 4one o9erating? one "9are6 (it3 t3e
9ur9o"e to collect an; eventual liAuid "ul0ur 0ormed.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom t3e D&# i" 0ed to t3e +ir"t Sul0ur Conden"er? (3ere t3e "ul0ur i"
conden"ed and "ent via &;draulic Seal to t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom +ir"t Sul0ur Conden"er i" 9re3eated in t3e +ir"t Clau" Reactor
Re-&eater? :e0ore entering in t3e +ir"t Clau" Reactor? (3ere t3e reaction :et(een &-S
and S)- to 9roduce "ul0ur va9or" continue" until eAuili:rium. *n t3e +ir"t Reactor a
"9eci0ic 3ig3 conver"ion catal;"t 4$itania :a"ed catal;"t6 i" 9rovided to en3ance t3e
3;droli"i" o0 C)S and CS-. $3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom t3e +ir"t Clau" Reactor i" "ent to t3e
Second Sul0ur Conden"er? (3ere t3e "ul0ur 0ormed in t3e Reactor i" conden"ed and
"ent via &;draulic Seal to t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom t3e Second Sul0ur Conden"er i" 9re3eated in t3e Second Clau"
Reactor Re-&eater? :e0ore entering in t3e Second Clau" Reactor? (3ere t3e reaction
:et(een t3e &-S and S)- to "ul0ur va9our" continue" until eAuili:rium. $3e 9roce""
ga" 0rom t3e Second Clau" Reactor i" 0ed to t3e +inal Sul0ur Conden"er? (3ere t3e
"ul0ur 0ormed in t3e Reactor i" conden"ed and "ent via &;draulic Seal to t3e Sul0ur Pit.
$3e Clau" $ail <a" 0rom t3e +inal Sul0ur Conden"er i" "ent t3e $ail <a" Coale"cer
:e0ore entering in t3e R!R $<$ Section.
&ig3 9re""ure "team generated in t3e D&# Steam Drum i" 9artiall; u"ed a" 3eating
medium in t3e re-3eater" u9"tream eac3 catal;tic reactor. 7=ce"" "team i"
"u9er3eated in $3ermal *ncinerator "u9er3eater coil and e=9orted to #.C.
Co( 9re""ure "team i" generated in t3e Sul0ur Conden"er" and i" totall; u"ed 0or
internal u"er". SRU and $<$ are not "el0 "u00icient 0or lo( 9re""ure "team? t3ere0ore
CP "team 0rom net(or, i" im9orted and de"u9er3eated.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 1(/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
4.1.2 L/2+/3 S+)4+5 D-6*,,/06 S-c./o0 *03 S.o5*6- D5+;
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e Dega""ing Storage Section i" to collect t3e un-dega""ed liAuid
Sul0ur coming 0rom t3e Clau" Section and to remove almo"t all t3e &-S and t3e 9ol;-
"ul0ide" 4&-S=6 0rom itE t3en to "tore 0or a minimum time t3e dega""ed Sul0ur and "end it
to t3e 7=9ort and Storage Section. $3e dega""ing i" 0ore"een in order to ma,e "a0e t3e
Sul0ur 0or t3e tran"9ort? avoiding ri"," o0 e=9lo"ive atmo"93ere and>or &-S 9oi"oning
3a@ard".
$3e undega""ed liAuid "ul0ur collected in t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum i"
"ent to t3e Dega""ing Pac,age (3ere liAuid "ul0ur dega""ing i" accom9li"3ed. *n order
to :oo"t 0urt3er t3e overall "ul0ur recover; t3e dega""ing air 0rom Dega""ing Pac,age
i" rec;cled to t3e $3ermal Reactor.
4.1.3 !*/) G*, !5-*./06 +0/. <RAR S-c./o0=
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e $ail <a" $reatment Section i" to convert all "ul0ur com9ound"
9re"ent in Clau" $ail <a" in &-S? t3at (ill :e a:"or:ed :; amine "olutionE a0ter t3e
amine regeneration t3e acid ga" relea"ed "3all :e rec;cled to t3e Clau" Section (it3
t3e 9ur9o"e to increa"e t3e "ul0ur recover; e00icienc; o0 t3e 9lant.
$3e tail ga" coming 0rom t3e Clau" "ection i" 9re3eated in t3e $<$ &eater 4indirect
0ired 3eater6.
$3e re3eated $ail <a" i" mi=ed (it3 3;drogen ma,e-u9 0rom net(or,? a" nece""ar;?
and it i" "ent to t3e &;drogenation Reactor? (3ic3 i" 0illed (it3 a "9eci0ic 3ig3
conver"ion reduction>3;drol;"i" catal;"t 4Co/o= :a"ed6. *n t3e 3;drogenation reactor
all t3e "ul0ur com9ound" contained in t3e tail ga" are converted to &-S under "lig3t
3;drogen e=ce"".
$3e tail ga" leaving t3e Reactor i" cooled do(n in t3e $<$ Da"te &eat #oiler and
enter" in t3e Puenc3 $o(er. $3e lo( 9re""ure "team 9roduced i" internall; u"ed.
*n t3e Puenc3 $o(er t3e 9roce"" ga" cooling i" ac3ieved :; circulation o0 t3e
conden"ate generated in t3e ga" cooling.
$3e Puenc3 Dater Pum9 9rovide" t3e (ater circulation to t3e to(er. &eat i" removed
0rom t3e ";"tem :; a Puenc3 Dater $rim Cooler. $3e circulating (ater i" continuou"l;
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
0iltered in t3e Puenc3 Dater +ilter". $3e e=ce"" "our (ater generated in t3e ga"
cooling i" "ent under level control to :atter; limit" 0or treatment in t3e SDS unit.
!n anal;"er i" 9rovided 0or continuou" monitoring and control o0 t3e 3;drogen content
in t3e tail ga".
$3e cooled $ail <a" 0rom t3e Puenc3 $o(er i" 0ed to t3e $<$ !:"or:er.
$3e a:"or9tion o0 t3e &-S contained in t3e $ail <a" i" accom9li"3ed u"ing a "elective
amine "olution 4/D7! 40O :; (eig3t6.
$3e ric3 /D7! "olution 0rom t3e :ottom o0 t3e $<$ !:"or:er i" "ent to t3e
regeneration 0acilitie" under level control via Ric3 !mine Pum9".
!cid <a" 0rom to9 o0 Regenerator Re0lu= ";"tem i" rec;cled to t3e Clau" Section.
! Rec;cle <a" #lo(er i" u"ed 0or "tart-u9? "3ut-do(n and ver; lo( turn-do(n
o9eration.
4.1.4 I0c/0-5*./o0 S-c./o0
$3e incineration i" nece""ar; to t3ermall; o=idi@e to S)- all "ul0ur com9ound" 9re"ent
in t3e tail ga". $3e 0lue ga" 9roduced in t3e incineration i" di"c3arged to t3e
atmo"93ere via a "tac,. $3e *ncinerator? i" 3ori@ontal t;9e? 0orced dra0t. $3e $3ermal
*ncinerator i" o9erated at "uita:le tem9erature to a""ure t3e com9lete com:u"tion o0
&-S to S)-.
$3e S)- content in t3e 0lue ga" di"c3arged to atmo"93ere i" lo(er t3an -50 99m vol at
@ero 9ercent o=;gen on dr; :a"i".
&eat i" recovered 0rom t3e 0lue ga" in t3e $3ermal *ncinerator Da"te &eat Recover;
S;"tem.
$3e $3ermal *ncinerator Da"te &eat Recover; con"i"t" o0 t3ree "ection"B S3oc, Coil"
4&P Steam <eneration6? &P Steam Su9er3eating Coil" and &P Steam <eneration
Coil". $3e &P Steam Su9er3eating Coil" "u9er3eat t3e "aturated &P "team 9roduced
in Clau" "ection and in t3e $3ermal *ncinerator &P Steam <eneration Coil".
$3e &P "team generation i" :a"ed on a natural circulation and i" al(a;" in o9eration.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 11/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
4.2 D-.*/)-3 P5oc-,, D-,c5/9./o0
Re0erence i" made to t3e P+DM" attac3ed.
4.2.1 C)*+, S-c./o0
O9-5*./o0 >/.: A;/0- Ac/3 G*, *03 So+5 &*.-5 S.5/99-5 Ac/3 G*, <No5;*)
O9-5*./o0=
$3e amine acid ga" 0rom !RU ";"tem i" mi=ed (it3 t3e acid ga" rec;cle 0rom t3e
!mine Regeneration ";"tem o0 t3e $ail <a" $reatment.
$3e acid ga" i" 0ed to t3e !mine !cid <a" Se9arator --1-D-0001 (it3 t3e 9ur9o"e to
remove an; 9roce"" conden"ate and ot3er entrained liAuid? (3ic3 i" collected to t3e
:ottom o0 t3e "e9arator.
$3e conden"ate 9roduced i" collected in t3e D7! Drain Drum --1-D-000I? in a
di"continuou" (a;.
$3e "our (ater "tri99er acid ga" i" 0ed to t3e SDS !cid <a" Se9arator --1-D-000-
(it3 t3e 9ur9o"e to remove an; 9roce"" conden"ate and ot3er entrained liAuid? (3ic3
i" collected to t3e :ottom o0 t3e "e9arator.
$3e conden"ate 9roduced i" collected in t3e Sour Drain Drum --1-D-0001? in a
di"continuou" (a;.
$3e Com:u"tion !ir #lo(er --1-%-0001!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6 9rovide"
t3e com:u"tion air 0or acid ga"e" com:u"tion. $3e correct ratio o0 0eed ga" and air i"
maintained automaticall; :; t(o 0lo( controller" acting on t(o 9arallel control valve"
4main valve and trim valve6 in t3e di"c3arge line o0 t3e com:u"tion air :lo(er. $3e main
air controller maintain" t3e ratio o0 air and "our ga"e" 40eed0or(ard control6? t3e trim air
controller i" re"et :; t3e "ignal coming 0rom air demand anal;@er in"talled in t3e tail
line 40eed:ac, control6? guarant;ing a 0ine and o9timum adju"tment o0 t3e air reAuired
0or t3e com:u"tion.
$3e air to t3e $3ermal Reactor #urner --1-+-0001 i" e=actl; "u00icient to accom9li"3
t3e com9lete o=idation o0 all 3;drocar:on" and ammonia 9re"ent in t3e total 0eed
ga"e" and to :urn a" muc3 &-S a" reAuired to o:tain an &-S>S)- ratio eAual to -B1 in
t3e tail ga".
$3e reAuired Auantit; o0 air i" calculated :; mea"uring t3e !mine !cid <a" and SDS
!cid <a" 0lo("? and multi9l;ing eac3 0lo( (it3 it" o(n 0actor to determine t3e air
demand. !ll air demand" are added and t3e re"ulting "ignal "et" t3e 0lo( controller in
t3e main air line.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
Com:u"tion air i" 9re-3eated in t3e 3eat e=c3anger --1-7-000-? :; mean" o0 &P
"team 9roduced in t3e Da"te &eat #oiler Steam Drum? :e0ore t3e injection o0 t3e air
containing &-S 0rom Dega""ing Column --1-C-0004. $3e 9re-3eating i" 9er0ormed in
order to guarantee in all o9erating "cenario"? including lo( turn-do(n o9eration? t3e
com9lete de"truction o0 t3e ammonia contained in t3e SDS !cid <a".
$3e overall 0lo( rate" o0 com:u"tion air? air (it3 &-S 0rom Dega""ing Column and t3e
SDS acid ga" i" 0ed to t3e /ain #urner --1-+-0001 o0 t3e $3ermal Reactor --1-+-
000- jointl; (it3 a 9art o0 acid ga"? in order to o:tain in t3e 0ir"t @one t3e de"ired 0lame
tem9erature o0 14-0 C. $3e remaining 9art o0 t3e acid ga" i" :;-9a""ed to t3e "econd
@one o0 t3e $3ermal Reactor. $3e acid ga" 0lo( rate to t3e -
nd
@one i" controlled in ratio
to t3e total rate o0 amine acid ga" to t3e Clau" trainE t3e ratio i" "et :; t3e o9erator in
order to ac3ieve t3e de"ired 0ir"t @one tem9erature.
$3e $3ermal Reactor #urner i" a 3ig3 inten"it; (ell 9roven :urner ca9a:le to ac3ieve a
0ull; de"truction o0 t3e ammonia and 3;drocar:on" contained in t3e 0eed"toc,E
0urt3ermore t3e mi=ing e00ect ac3ieved allo(" to guarantee t3e "u:"toic3iometric
com:u"tion o0 t3e &-S.
$3e 9roduct" o0 t3e com:u"tion a0ter an adeAuate re"idence time in t3e $3ermal
Reactor are 0ed to t3e $3ermal Reactor Da"te &eat #oiler --1-7-0001? (3ere t3e
(a"te 3eat i" recovered :; ri"ing o0 3ig3 9re""ure "team at PN 41 :arg in t3e $3ermal
Reactor D&# Steam Drum --1-D-000. $3e 9roduced "aturated &P "team i" in 9art
u"ed internall; in t3e unit 0or com:u"tion air 9re3eating? ga" re3eating :e0ore catal;"t
reaction"? (3ile t3e e=ce"" i" e=9orted to :atter; limit.
!n; "ul0ur conden"ed in t3e D&# i" drained out :; a "ul0ur "eal --1-Q-0001!># 4one in
o9eration and one "9are6 into t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum --1-D-0005.
$3e 9roce"" ga" leaving t3e $3ermal Reactor D&# contain" "ul0ur in ga"eou" 0orm?
(3ic3 i" conden"ed in t3e tu:e" o0 t3e 1
"t
Sul0ur Conden"er --1-7-000 and i" drained
to t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum --1-D-0005 via a "ul0ur "eal --1-Q-
000-!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom --1-7-000 i" 9re3eated in t3e 1
"t
Clau" Reactor Re3eater --1-
7-0004? :e0ore entering in t3e 1
"t
Clau" Reactor --1-R-0001. *n t3i" reactor t3e
reaction :et(een t3e &-S and S)- continue" over t3e alumina catal;"t until eAuili:rium
i" reac3ed. $3e to9 -> o0 t3e 1
"t
Clau" Reactor i" 0illed (it3 9romoted alumina catal;"t
"uita:le 0or t3e Clau" reaction. $3e :ottom 1> o0 t3e reactor i" 0illed (it3 a titania
:a"ed catal;"t (3ic3 en3ance" t3e 3;drol;"i" reaction o0 C)S and CS-.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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SP 0000 06 04 19/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
$3e e00luent ga" coming 0rom t3e 1
"t
Clau" Reactor at 00C i" 0ed to t3e -
nd
Sul0ur
Conden"er --1-7-0005? (3ere t3e "ul0ur i" conden"ed and drained (it3 --1-Q-
000!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6 into t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum
--1-D-0005.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0lo( 0rom t3e -
nd
Sul0ur Conden"er i" again re3eated in -
nd
Clau"
Reactor Re3eater --1-7-000. :; mean" o0 "aturated &P 9roduced in t3e Da"te &eat
#oiler Steam Drum and 0ed to t3e -
nd
Clau" Reactor --1-R-000- loaded (it3 9romoted
alumina catal;"t.
Co( 9re""ure "team at 5.5 :arg i" 9roduced in t3e1
"t
and -
nd
Sul0ur Conden"er and i"
totall; u"ed a" 3eating medium 0or internal u"er".
$3e "team conden"ate 0rom t3e t(o re3eater" i" recovered and rec;cled to t3e 1
"t
Sul0ur Conden"er "3ell "ide? (3ile t3e "team conden"ate 0rom Com:u"tion !ir 9re-
3eater i" recovered and rec;cled to t3e -
nd
Sul0ur Conden"er.
$3e 9roce"" ga" 0rom t3e -
nd
Clau" Reactor at a tem9erature o0 --IC i" 0ed to t3e
+inal Sul0ur Conden"er --1-7-0001. *n order to conden"e a" muc3 "ul0ur va9our a"
9o""i:le? t3e +inal Conden"er o9erate" at a lo( tem9erature. $3i" i" o:tained :;
generating ver; lo( 9re""ure "team at 1.- :arg. !" t3i" "team cannot :e utili@ed? it i"
conden"ed in t3e CCP Steam Conden"er --1-!-0001? (3ic3 i" an air 0in cooler. $3e
conden"ate i" returned to t3e +inal Conden"er in a clo"ed loo9. $3e "team 9re""ure
controller adju"t" t3e "9eed o0 t3e 0an o0 t3e Steam Conden"er.
$3e $ail <a" 0rom +inal Sul0ur Conden"er --1-7-0001? a0ter 9a""ing t3roug3 t3e $ail
<a" Coale"cer --1-D-0004 in order to remove almo"t all entrained liAuid Sul0ur? i" 0ed
to t3e $ail <a" Section? or to t3e $3ermal *ncinerator "ection 4i0 t3e $<$ "ection i" not
in o9eration6. !ll liAuid Sul0ur collected in t3e $ail <a" Coale"cer --1-D-0004? i"
continuou"l; removed :; t3e &;draulic Seal --1-Q-0005!># 4one o9erating? one
"9are6.
O9-5*./o0 >/.: "+-) G*, <,.*5.-+9? ,:+.-3o>0 *03 :o. ,.*03-87=
During t3e Clau" "ection 3eating u9? 0uel ga" i" :urnt in t3e :urner o0 t3e t3ermal
reactor in order to reac3 certain minimum tem9erature" :e0ore admitting acid ga" to
t3e 9roce"" line" and eAui9ment.
7ver; time "ome "ul0ur i" 9re"ent in t3e 9lant? t3e com:u"tion o0 0uel ga" 3a" to :e
9er0ormed in "toic3iometric com:u"tion condition"? in order to avoid catal;"t and 9lant
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
damage" 49o""i:le co,e 0ormation in ca"e o0 o=;gen de0ect and 9o""i:le "ul0ur 0ire in
ca"e o0 o=;gen e=ce""6.
Stoic3iometric com:u"tion condition" are de0ined a" to :urn 3;drocar:on" and &- to
C)- and &-)? (it3 no e=ce"" o=;gen in t3e 0lue ga". +or t3i" rea"on t3e $3ermal
Reactor #urner utili@e" a 0uel (it3 a "ta:le and (ell ,no(n com9o"ition.
During t3e "toic3iometric com:u"tion o0 0uel ga" it i" nece""ar; to moderate t3e 0lame
tem9erature :; u"ing "team a" Auenc3 medium. Puenc3 "team i" added to t3e
$3ermal Reactor #urner --1-+-0001 0or t3i" 9ur9o"e.
4.2.2 L/2+/3 S+)4+5 D-6*,,/06 S-c./o0 *03 S.o5*6- D5+;
Sul0ur 0lo(" 0rom t3e "ul0ur conden"er" into t3e underground Sul0ur Dega""ing and
Storage Drum --1-D-0005 (3ere an; needed 9roduction "urge ca9acit; can :e
maintained.
$3e Sul0ur Drum i" divided into t(o "ection"B t3e undega""ed "ul0ur "ection and t3e
"ul0ur "torage "ection.
$3e "ul0ur? a" it i" 9roduced in t3e unit? contain" 50 99m 4(t6 &-S. *n order to reduce
t3e &-S content to le"" t3an 10 99m 4(t6? a Sul0ur Dega""ing Pac,age 3a" :een
9rovided.
$3e Sul0ur Dega""ing Pac,age include" t3e Sul0ur Cooler --1-7-001.? t3e CCP Steam
Conden"er --1-!-0005 and t3e Dega""ing Column --1-C-0004.
$3e liAuid "ul0ur 0rom t3e undega""ed "ul0ur "ection o0 t3e 9it i" 9um9ed under level
control via Undega""ed Sul0ur Pum9 --1-<-0001!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6
to t3e :a"e o0 t3e Dega""ing Column --1-C-0004.
#e0ore entering t3e column? liAuid "ul0ur tem9erature 3a" to :e reduced? ot3er(i"e t3e
vi"co"it; (ould :e too 3ig3 0or dega""ing.
+or t3at "co9e liAuid "ul0ur i" 0ed to t3e Sul0ur Cooler --1-7-001.? (3ere "ul0ur i"
cooled do(n generating ver; lo( 9re""ure "team at 1.- :arg. $3i" "team i" conden"ed
in t3e CCP Steam Conden"er --1-!-0005? and rec;cled :ac, to t3e Sul0ur Cooler.
Plant air 0rom Dega""ing !ir Com9re""or Pac,age --0-R-0001 i" al"o "ent to t3e
:ottom o0 t3e dega""ing column.
$3e dega""ed "ul0ur 0rom t3e Dega""ing Column i" collected to t3e "torage "ection o0
t3e "ul0ur 9it? (3ile t3e contaminated air i" rec;cled to t3e $3ermal Reactor o0 t3e
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 21/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
Clau" Section to :oo"t t3e Sul0ur Recover; 700icienc;. !" alternative t3e air can :e
al"o "ent to t3e $3ermal *ncinerator --1-+-0005.
*n order to remove t3e evolved &-S 0rom t3e Sul0ur Dega""ing and Storage Drum?
dilution air mu"t :e dra(n into t3e 9it? and t3e re"ulting mi=ture called S(ee9 <a" i"
evacuated (it3 t3e u"e o0 a Steam 7jector --1-J-0001!># 4one in o9eration and one
"9are6. $3e S(ee9 <a" i" "ent to t3e $3ermal *ncinerator 0or o=idation o0 all "ul0ur
"9ecie" to S)-.
4.2.3 !*/) G*, !5-*./06 +0/. <RAR S-c./o0=
!*/) G*, c/5c+/.
$3e tail ga" coming 0rom t3e Clau" train i" "ent to t3e $<$ &eater --1-+-000? (3ere
t3e ga" i" indirectl; 3eated u9 to a tem9erature o0 a:out 00C :; :urning 0uel ga".
! 3;drogen ga" "tream i" mi=ed in Static /i=er --1-Q-000. to t3e tail ga" do(n"tream
t3e $<$ &eater? in order to "u99l; t3e reAuired 3;drogen 0or t3e conver"ion o0 t3e
"ul0ur "9ecie" in t3e &;drogenation Reactor --1-R-000.
$3e &;drogenation Reactor i" 0illed (it3 a "9eci0ic reduction>3;drol;"i" catal;"t
4Co/o=6.
Due to t3e e=ot3ermic reaction" t3e 9roce"" ga" tem9erature (ill increa"e. $3e (a"te
3eat contained in t3e 9roce"" ga" leaving t3e &;drogenation Reactor i" u"ed to rai"e
CP "team at 5.5 :arg in t3e $<$ Da"te &eat #oiler --1-7-000I :; 0eeding #+D under
level control.
+inal cooling o0 t3e 9roce"" ga" i" ac3ieved in t3e Puenc3 $o(er --1-C-0001.
$3e Puenc3 $o(er i" a column eAui99ed (it3 14 "3o(er tra;"? (3ere t3e 9roce"" ga"
Auenc3 and cooling i" o:tained :; circulation o0 t3e conden"ate generated in t3e ga"
cooling.
$3e Puenc3 Dater Pum9 --1-<-000!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6 9rovide"
t3e Auenc3 (ater circulation to t3e Puenc3 $o(er. $3e circulating Auenc3 (ater 0rom
t3e :ottom o0 t3e Puenc3 $o(er i" cooled in t3e Puenc3 Dater $rim Cooler --1-7-
0002. $3e Auenc3 (ater i" continuou"l; 0iltered in a cartridge 0ilter --1-S-0001!># 4one
in o9eration and one "9are6.
$3e cooled ga" leaving t3e to9 o0 t3e Puenc3 $o(er i" 0ed to t3e $<$ !:"or:er --1-C-
000-.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 22/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
!n anal;@er i" 9rovided 0or continuou" monitoring and control o0 t3e 3;drogen content
in t3e Auenc3ed ga".
$3e $<$ !:"or:er i" a column eAui99ed (it3 t(o "tructured 9ac,ing ";"tem"? (3ere
t3e &-S a:"or9tion i" accom9li"3ed u"ing a lean /D7! "olution at 40O (t
concentration? coming 0rom t3e /D7! Regeneration Section. $3e &-S ric3 /D7!
"olution coming 0rom !:"or:er i" "ent? :; t3e Ric3 !mine Pum9 --1-<-0004!>#? to
!mine Regenerator --1-C-000 in t3e /D7! Regeneration Section.
$3e tail ga" 0rom t3e !mine !:"or:er column i" "ent to t3e $3ermal *ncinerator #urner
--1-+-0004 (3ere t3e remaining &-S i" converted to S)-.
During t3e 3;drogenation catal;"t activation :e0ore t3e unit "tart-u9? a" (ell a" during
t3e 9lant "3ut-do(n? t3e tail ga" i" rec;cled :; mean" o0 t3e Rec;cle <a" #lo(er --1-
%-000- 0rom t3e Puenc3 $o(er --1-C-0001 and $<$ !:"or:er --1-C-000-? to t3e
$<$ &eater --1-+-000.
$3e Rec;cle <a" #lo(er al"o o9erate" at t3e unit lo( turn-do(n ca9acit; to recirculate
a certain Auantit; o0 ga".
R/c: *;/0- c/5c+/.
$3e ric3 "olution leaving t3e :ottom o0 t3e $<$ !:"or:er --1-C-000- i" 9um9ed :;
mean" o0 t3e Ric3 !mine Pum9" --1-<-0004!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6 to
t3e Cean>Ric3 !mine 7=c3anger --1-7-001-? (3ere t3e ric3 amine i" 9re3eated u9 to
a:out 100C? u"ing a" 3eating medium t3e lean amine 0rom t3e :ottom o0 t3e !mine
Regenerator. $3e 9re3eated ric3 amine 0rom --1-7-001- i" 0ed to !mine Regenerator
--1-C-000.
$3e !mine Regenerator i" a column eAui99ed (it3 -4 tra;" and divided in t(o
"ection"B a "tri99ing "ection 0rom tra; N 1 to tra; N -1 and a (a"3ing "ection 0rom
tra; N -- to tra; N -4.
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 t3e !mine Regenerator i" to "tri9 t3e ric3 amine "olution removing &-S
u"ing t3e va9our" 9roduced in t3e Regenerator Re:oiler --1-7-0011. $3e Regenerator
Re:oiler utili@e" Saturated CP Steam a" 3eating medium. $3e lo( 9re""ure "team
conden"ate 0rom t3e Regenerator Re:oiler i" collected in t3e Steam Conden"ate Pot
--1-D-0010 and "ent to t3e conden"ate collection 9ot under level control.
$3e va9our" 0rom t3e to9 o0 !mine Regenerator are conden"ed in t3e Regenerator
Re0lu= Conden"er --1-!-000. $3e mi=ed 93a"e 0rom --1-!-000 i" 0ed to t3e
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 23/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
Regenerator Re0lu= Drum --1-D-000. (3ere 9roce"" (ater and acid ga" are
"e9arated.
$3e 9roce"" (ater 0rom Regenerator Re0lu= Drum --1-D-000. i" re0lu=ed to t3e
(a"3ing "ection o0 t3e !mine Regenerator a:ove tra; No. -4 :; t3e Regenerator
Re0lu= Pum9 --1-<-000. !># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6.
$3e acid ga" 0rom t3e to9 o0 Regenerator Re0lu= Drum i" rec;cled to t3e !mine !cid
<a" ";"tem o0 t3e Clau" train".
Deminerali@ated (ater i" 0ed to Regenerator Re0lu= Drum a" ma,e-u9 (ater in order to
guarantee a con"tant amine "olution concentration o0 a:out 40O.
L-*0 *;/0- c/5c+/.
$3e lean amine "olution 0rom t3e :ottom o0 t3e !mine Regenerator --1-C-000 i" 0ir"t
"ent to t3e Cean !mine Pum9 --1-<-0005!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6.
#e0ore entering in t3e $<$ !:"or:er t3e lean amine "olution i" cooled 0ir"t in t3e
Cean>Ric3 !mine 7=c3anger --1-7-001-? a0ter(ard in t3e Cean !mine !ir Cooler --1-
!-000- and 0inall; in Cean !mine $rim Cooler --1-7-001.
!0ter cooling a:out -0O o0 total !mine Solution i" 0ed to t3e 0iltration "tage. +iltering i"
9er0ormed in t3ree "eAuential "te9"B
1
"t
!mine /ec3anical +ilter --1-S-000-E
!mine Car:on +ilter --1-S-000E
-
nd
!mine /ec3anical +ilter --1-S-0004E
$3e /ec3anical +ilter" are u"ed to remove 9article" 4dirt? de:ri"? corro"ion 9roduct"?
iron "ul0ide? 9iece" o0 metal? etc.6. $3e !ctivated Car:on +ilter i" u"ed to ad"or:
entrained 3;drocar:on"? amine degradation 9roduct"? 0ree iron? etc.
A;/0- 4*c/)/./-,
! dedicated net(or, 0or recovering amine "olution and drain" 0rom t3e circuit o0 t3e
!mine Regenerator and $<$ Section" i" al"o 9rovided. !mine drain" are collected in
t3e !mine Drain Drum --1-D-0002.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 24/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
*n order to 9revent 0rom direct contact o0 /D7! (it3 air? t3e !mine Drain Drum i"
eAui99ed (it3 an inert ga" :lan,eting. $3e !mine Drain Drum i" al"o 9rovided (it3 an
!mine Drain +ilter --1-S-0005.
$3e recovered amine i" tran"0erred to t3e Common !mine Storage Section :; !mine
Drain Pum9 --1-<-0002.
$3e !mine Regeneration Section i" al"o 9rovided (it3 dedicated !nti0oam *njection
Pac,age --1-R-000? 0illed (it3 an additive "uita:le 0or t3e "olution o0 0oam 9ro:lem".
+oam i" t3e mo"t 0reAuent 9ro:lem e=9erienced in an amine unit? it i" generall; t3e
re"ult o0 "ome "ort o0 contaminant. $3e anti0oam c3ange" t3e "ur0ace ten"ion o0 t3e
amine "olution to t3e 9oint (3ere 0oaming doe" not occur.
Since 0oam i" unli,el; to occur in a "tand alone amine unit dedicated 0or a tail ga"
treatment? t3e injection i" not continuou" and i" nece""ar; to 9roceed (it3 a la:orator;
te"t :e0ore t3e injection o0 an; anti0oam 9roduct.
4.2.4 I0c/0-5*./o0 S-c./o0
*n t3e *ncinerator Section t3e conver"ion o0 all "ul0ur "9ecie" into S)- i" ac3ieved (it3
a t3ermal o=idation at 3ig3 tem9erature (it3 an e=ce"" o0 o=;gen in t3e 0lue ga" 4)-
concentration -O vol minimum6. Since t3e C&8" o0 all tail ga"e" treated in t3e $3ermal
*ncinerator --1-+-0005 are not 3ig3 enoug3 to "u"tain t3e 0lame? in all o9erating
condition" t3e com:u"tion o0 t3e"e ga"e" i" "u"tained :; 0uel ga" :urning.
$3e e=9ected S)- content in 0lue ga" i" -50 99m 8ol.
$3e $3ermal *ncinerator #urner --1-+-0004 i" a 0orced draug3t t;9e and i" "i@ed to
treat t3e tail ga" 0rom $<$ !:"or:er --1-C-000- 4a" alternative a natural dra0t :urner
";"tem ma; :e al"o con"idered6.
$3e 0uel ga" 0lo(rate 0ed to t3e #urner i" automaticall; controlled on t3e :a"e o0 t3e
*ncinerator tem9erature? "et at I50C? (3ile t3e com:u"tion air 0lo( rate? "u99lied :; a
$3ermal *ncinerator !ir +an --1-%-0001!># 4one in o9eration and one "9are6? i"
controlled in ratio to t3e 0uel ga" 0lo( rate.
$3e $3ermal *ncinerator --1-+-0005 treat" al"o t3e vent ga" 0romB 7jector --1-J-0001
!>#? Dega""ing Column --1-C-0004 4in ca"e t3at air i" not "ent to t3e Clau" Section6?
$ail <a" Coale"cer --1-D-0004 4in ca"e o0 $<$ Section :;-9a""6.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
080361
220
SP 0000 06 04 2(/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
!n o=;gen anal;@er i" 0ore"een in t3e 0lue ga" duct to guarantee t3e o9eration (it3
adeAuate e=ce"" o0 o=;gen. !n S)- anal;@er i" al"o 9rovided in t3e +lue <a" Stac,
--1-S%-0001 to veri0; t3e "ul0ur recover; e00icienc; o0 t3e 9lant.
$3e "en"i:le 3eat contained in t3e *ncinerator 0lue ga" i" u"ed in $3ermal *ncinerator
Da"te &eat Recover; (3ere 3ig3 9re""ure "team at PN41 :arg i" generated in t3e
generation coil" and total &P "team 9roduced in t3e SRU 4including t3e &P "team
generated in t3e $3ermal Reactor D&# Steam Drum and t3e &P "team generated in
t3e $3ermal *ncinerator Steam Drum6 i" "u9er3eated u9 to t3e condition" o0 t3e &P
"team re0iner; net(or,.
$3e *ncinerator 0lue ga" i" di"c3arged to atmo"93ere via a Stac, --1-S%-0001.
4.2.( Co;;o0 "*c/)/./-,
$3e common 0acilitie" 0ore"een 0or t3i" 9lant are mainl; t3e Dega""ing !ir Com9re""or
Pac,age and t3e !mine Storage Section.
$3e Dega""ing !ir Com9re""or Pac,age --0-R-0001 include" t3e Dega""ing !ir
Com9re""or --0-%-0001!># and t3e Dega""ing !ir Dr;er" --0-C-0001!>#>C>D.
!tmo"93eric air enter" t3e Dega""ing !ir Com9re""or Pac,age? (3ere it i" 9re""uri@ed
and dried :e0ore entering t3e Dega""ing Column --1-C-0004.
$3e !mine Storage Section 0ore"ee" t(o !mine Storage $an," --0-$-0001 and --0-
$-000-? :lan,eted (it3 nitrogen to avoid amine degradation and u"ed 0or t3e "torage o0
t3e amine inventor;.
$3e t(o tan," are not line-u9 during normal o9eration.
)ne (ill :e maintained em9t; and availa:le to receive t3e 3old-u9 o0 one train in ca"e
o0 maintenance. $3e ot3er one (ill :e 0illed (it3 0re"3 /D7! "olution to :e u"ed to
re"tore amine inventor; in t3e $<$ train" (3en needed.
$3e !mine Storage $an," --0-$-0001 i" eAui99ed (it3 t3e !mine $ran"0er Pum9 --0-
<-0001? (3ile t3e !mine Storage $an," --0-$-000- i" eAui99ed (it3 t3e !mine
$ran"0er Pum9 --0-<-000-. $3e"e 9um9" can rec;cle to t3e t(o !mine Storage
$an," t3e clean amine "olution and are al"o u"ed to en"ure t3e 0eed o0 +re"3 !mine to
t3e 9lant? 0iltered in t3e +re"3 !mine +ilter --0-S-000.
$3e Common !mine Storage Section i" al"o 9rovided (it3 an !mine Drain Drum --0-
D-0001 eAui99ed (it3 :lan,eting ga" and !mine Drain Pum9 --0-<-000.
Project N Unit Document Code Serial N Rev. Page
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220
SP 0000 06 04 26/26
COMPANY Doc No.
SA-JER-AG221-DALM-649001
JUBAIL EPOR! RE"INERY PROJEC!
SAUDI ARAMCO !O!AL RE"INING # PE!ROC$EMICAL
4.2.6 U./)/.7 S-c./o0
S.-*; *03 Co03-0,*.- S7,.-;
$3e &ig3 Pre""ure Steam 441 :arg6 generated in t3e $3ermal Reactor Da"te &eat
#oiler and in t3e $3ermal *ncinerator Da"te &eat Recover; i" 9artiall; u"ed a" 3eating
medium 0or com:u"tion air 9re-3eating and 9roce"" ga" re-3eating in Clau" Section.
7=ce"" "team i" "u9er3eated in t3e $3ermal *ncinerator "u9er3eater coil and e=9orted
to #.C.
*n order to minimi@e #+D con"um9tion? t3e conden"ate 0rom Clau" re-3eater" i"
routed to t3e 1
"t
Sul0ur Conden"er? (3ile t3e conden"ate 0rom Com:u"tion !ir Pre-
3eater i" "ent to t3e -
nd
Sul0ur Conden"er.
$3e lo( 9re""ure "team 45.5 :arg6 i" generated in t3e 1
"t
Sul0ur Conden"er? -
nd
Sul0ur
Conden"er and $<$ Da"te &eat #oiler.
CP "team 9roduced i" com9letel; u"ed 0or internal u"er". SRU and $<$ are not "el0
"u00icient 0or lo( 9re""ure "team? t3ere0ore CP "team 0rom net(or, i" im9orted and
de"u9er3eated.
!ll t3e conden"ate" 9roduced :; CP "team u"er" are collected in t3e Conden"ate
+la"3 Drum --1-D-001- and delivered to :atter; limit.
Bo/)-5 B)o> 3o>0 S7,.-;
$3e 9ur9o"e o0 #+D :lo( do(n ";"tem i" to maintain t3e "olid" di""olved in t3e :oiler
(ater at an a99ro9riate concentrationE at eAuili:rium t3e amount o0 di""olved "alt"
removed (it3 t3e :lo( do(n i" eAual to t3o"e introduced (it3 t3e :oiler 0eed (ater.
!ll :oiler" are 9rovided (it3 continuou" :lo( do(n 4O o0 :oiler 0eed (ater inlet6.
$3e :lo( do(n coming 0rom t3e $3ermal Reactor D&# Steam Drum? $3ermal
*ncinerator Steam Drum are collected in #lo(do(n +la"3 Drum --1-D-0011 and
0la"3ed to t3e internal lo( 9re""ure "team 3eader 4u"ed 0or tracing>jac,eting 9ur9o"e6
to recover "team.
#lo( do(n 0rom +ir"t Sul0ur Conden"er? Second Sul0ur Conden"er? $<$ D&# i"
collected and cooled do(n :e0ore :eing di"c3arged to "e(er.
P:o,9:*.- I0@-c./o0 S7,.-;
*t i" 0ore"een a P3o"93ate *njection Pac,age --1-R-0004. P3o"93ate i" added to eac3
"team 9roducer. P3o"93ate act" in t3e "team 9roducer"? a" anticorro"ive agent.

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