Page 1

1. A point object is kept between a plane mirror and a concave mirror facing each other. The distance between the mirrors
is 22.5 cm. The radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 20 cm. What should be the distance of the object from the
concave mirror so that after two successive reflections the final image is formed on the object itself ?
[Consider first reflection from concave mirror] :
(A) 5 cm (B*) 15 cm (C) 10 cm (D) 7.5 cm
Sol. Distance between object and cancave mirror
O
x
22.5 cm
Plane Concave
R =20 cm
f =10 cm
First reflection from concave mirror :
1
1 1
( ) v x
+

=
1
( 10)

1
1 1
( ) v x

=
1
10

1
1
v
=
1 1
10 x

=
10
10
x
x

v
1
=
10
10
x
x
it is negative
Image of concave mirror becomes object for plane mirror. Second reflection from plane mirror image is formed at same
distance from plane as is the distance of object. Now according to question, second image is formed at object itself.
So :
10
10
x
x
( | |

| (

\ .
22.5=22.5 x
x
10
(10 )
x
x
=22.5 +22.5 =45

2
10 10
10
x x x
x

=45
x
2
=45 (10 x)
x
2
45x +450=0
x =
2
45 45 4(450)
2

=
45 2025 1800
2

=
45 225
2

=
45 15
2

=
60
2
or
30
2
x =30 or 15
x =30 is not possible, so :
x =15 Ans.
2. A point object at 15 cm from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm is made to oscillate along the principal axis
with amplitude 2 mm. The amplitude of its image will be :
(A) 2 mm (B) 4 mm (C*) 8 mm (D) 16 mm
Sol. Transverse magnification =m
T
=
v
u

CPP-1 Class - XI Batches - PHONON

REFLECTI ON
Page 2
Longitudinal magnification =mL =
dv
du

=m
T
2
here : du =2mm; u =15 cm; f =10 cm; dv =?

1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

1 1
15 v

=
1
10
v =30 cm
m
T
=
1
v

=
( 30)
( 15)

=2
mL =m
T
2
=(2)
2
=4

dv
du

=4
dv =8 mm
Amplitude of image oscillation is 8 mm. Ans.
3. A luminous point object is moving along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cmtowards it. When
its distance from the mirror is 20 cm its velocity is 4 cm/s. The velocity of the image in cm/s at that instant is :
(A) 6, towards the mirror (B) 6, away from the mirror (C*) 9, away from the mirror (D) 9, towards the mirror
Sol.
1 1
v u
+ =
1
f
Differentiate w.r.t. time t
1 1 d d
dt v dt u
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
=
1 d
dt f
| |
|
\ .

2 2
1 1 dv du
dt dt
v u
=0

dv
dt
=
2
2
v du
dt
u

here :
du
dt
=+4 cm/sec; u =20 cm;
dv
dt
=?
Mirror formula :
1 1
v u
+ =
1
f
1 1
20 v
+ =
1
12

v =30 cm
=
dv
dt
=
2
2
( 30)
( 20)

(+4) = 9 cm/sec
So image is moving at 9 cm/sec away from mirror
4. In the figure shown consider the first reflection at the plane mirror and second at
the convex mirror. AB is object :
(A) The second image is real, inverted of 1/5th

magnification.
velocity
10cm 10cm
50 cm
120 cm
A B C
(B*) The second image is virtual and erect with magnification 1/2.
(C*) The second image moves towards the convex mirror.
(D) The second image moves away from the convex mirror.
Sol. First reflection at plane mirror :
50 cm
10 cm
30 cm
10 cm
O
R =120
f =60
A B
Velocity
P
Image of A =A' 10 cm behind P.
Image of B =B' 40 cm behind P.
Second reflection at convex mirror
A'B' becomes object for convex mirror
Page 3
for image of A' =A"
u =60, f =+60
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

1 1
60 v

=
1
60 +
v =+30 cm
for image of B' =B"
u =90, f =+60
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

1 1
90 v

=
1
60
v =+45 cm
So second image A"B" Behind convex mirror
Virtual
Size =15 cm
Magnification is 1/2
More over :
dv
dt
=
2
2
v du
dt
u

Since : first image moves towards convex mirror so

du
dt
positive. So
dv
dt
must be negative i.e. second image also
moves towards convex mirror.
5. The distance of an object from the focus of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 'a' is 'b'. Then the distance of the
image from the focus is :
(A) b
2
/ 4a (B) a / b
2
(C*) a
2
/ 4b (D) 4b/ a
2
Sol. u =
2
a
b
| |

|
\ .
; f =
2
a
+
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

1 1
2
a v
b
+
| |

|
\ .
=
2
a

1
v
=
2 2
(2 )
+
a b a
=
2[2 ]
(2 )
+

b a a
a b a
=
4
(2 )
b
a b a
v =
2
2
4
| |

+ |
|
\ .
ab a
b
Distance of image from focus
=
2

a
v
=
2
2
4 2

ab a a
b
=
2
4

a
b
=+
2
4
a
b
Ans.
6. I is the image of a point object O formed by spherical mirror, then which of the following statement is incorrect :
(A) If O and I are on same side of the principal axis, then they have to be on opposite sides of the mirror.
(B) If O and I are on opposite sides of the principal axis, then they have to be on same side of the mirror.
(C*) If O and I are on opposite side of the principal axis, then they have to be on opposite side of the mirror.
(D) If O is on principal axis then I has to lie on principal axis only.
Page 4
Sol. For the spherical mirror
m=
I
O
h
h
=
v
u

v =
I
O
h
u
h
| |

|
\ .
O and I are on same side of principle axis means
I
O
h
h
is positive, so v and u have opposite sign.
O and I are on opposite side of principle axis means
I
O
h
h
is negative, so v and u have same sign.
Option (A) is correct. Option (B) is correct. Option (C) is incorrect
7. Two plane mirrors are placed as shown in the figure and a point object 'O' is
placed at the origin.
(a) How many images will be formed.
(0, 0) O (2, 0)
(1, 1.25)
P
(2, 2)
(2, 3)
(2, 4)
object
(b) Find the position(s) of image(s).
(c) Will the incident ray passing through a point 'P' (1, 1.25) take part in image
formation.
Ans. [(a) 1; (b) (4, 0); (c) No]
Sol. (a) Only one image will be formed rays after reflection converge at same position.
(b) Object distance =image distance for plane mirror so image is at (4, 0).
(c) Ray OP does not strike the mirros so it does not take part in image formation.
8. A converging beam of light rays is incident on a concave spherical mirror whose radius of curvature is 0.8 m.
Determine the position of the point on the optical axis of the mirror where the reflected rays intersect, if the extensions
of the incident rays intersect the optical axis 40 cm from the mirror's pole.
Ans. [0.2 m fromthe mirror]
Sol. u =+40 cm
f =
80
2
=40 cm
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

1 1
( 40) v
+
+
=
1
( 40)
v =20 cm Ans.
9. A point object is placed on the principal axis at 60 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 40 cm on the principal
axis. If the object is moved with a velocity of 10 cm/s (a) along the principal axis, find the velocity of image
(b) perpendicular to the principal axis, find the velocity of image at that moment.
Ans. [(a) 40 cm/s opposite to the velocity of object; (b) 20 cm/s opposite along the velocity of object]
Sol. u =60 cm
f =40 cm
(a)
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f
1 +
u
v
=
u
f

v
u
=
f
u f
differentiate mirror formula w.r.t. time :
2 2
1 1 dv du
dt dt
v u

=0
Page 5

dv
dt
=
2
v du
v dt
| |

|
\ .

dv
dt
=
2
f du
u f dt
| |

\ .
=
2
40
60 40
| |

|
+
\ .
(+10)
= (4) (+10)
dv
dt
= 40 cm/sec Ans.
(b) Magnification formula :
m=
i
o
h
h
=
v
u

=
f
u f
| |
|

\ .
h
i
= o
f
h
u f
| |

\ .

i
dh
dt
=
0
dh f
u f dt
| |

\ .
=
40
60 40
| |

|
+
\ .
(+10)
i
dh
dt
=20 cm/sec Ans.
10. Find the angle of deviation (both clockwise and anticlockwise) suffered by a ray
incident on a plane mirror, at an angle of incidence 30.
30
M
Ans. [120 anticlockwise and 240 clockwise]
Sol. o
ACW
=180 60
3
0

3
0

=120 Anticlockwise
o
CW
=180 +60
=240 Clockwise
Page 6
1. A particle is moving towards a fixed spherical mirror. The image :
(A) Must move away from the mirror (B) Must move towards the mirror
(C*) May move towards the mirror (D) Will move towards the mirror, only if the mirror is convex.
Sol.
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f

2 2
1 1 dv du
dt dt
v u
=0
dv
dt
=
2
2
v du
dt
u
| |
|
|
\ .
For spherical mirror : u is negative and particle is moving towards mirror i.e. u is increasing and
du
dt
is positive,
therefore
dv
dt
must be negative or v should decrease.
Case-1 Image real v negative decreasing v means image moving away from mirror
Case-2 Image virtual v positive decreasing v means image moving towards mirror
So, image may move towards the mirror
2. A point source is at a distance 35 cm on the optical axis from a spherical concave mirror having a focal length 25 cm.
At what distance measured along the optical axis from the concave mirror should a plane mirror (perpendicular to
principal axis) be placed for the image it forms (due to rays falling on it after reflection from the concave mirror) to
coincide with the point source ?
Ans. [
245
4
cm = 61.25 cm]
Sol.
1 1
V U
+
=
1
F
35
V
x
V35 ____
2

1
V
=
1
(25)
+
1
35
V =
35 25
10

cm
Distance of mirror (x) =
35
2
V | |
|
\ .
+ 35
=61.25 cm
3. Two mirrors are inclined at an angle u as shown in the figure. Light rays is incident parallel
to one of the mirrors. Light will start retracing its path after third reflection if :
(A) u =45
(B*) u =30
(C) u =60
(D) All three
CPP-2 Class - XI Batches - PHONON
REFLECTI ON
Page 7
Sol. (90 u) +| =90
or
u =|
4. A light ray is incident on a plane mirror, which after getting reflected strikes
another plane mirror, as shown in figure. The angle between the two mirrors is
60. Find the angle 'u' shown in figure.
60
Ans. [60]
Sol. If light is incident on first mirro at angle | then
in triangle ABC
2.| +2[90(30+|)] +u =180
60
B
C
90
30+
A
2| +120 2| +u =180
u =60
5. A boy of height 1 m stands in front of a convex mirror. His distance from the mirror is equal to its focal length. The
height of his image is :
(A) 0.25 m (B) 0.33 m (C*) 0.5 m (D) 0.67 m
Sol.
1 1
V u
+
=
1
f

1 1
( ) V f
+
=
1
f
V =
2
f
m =
1
2
height of image =
1
2
m.
6. A concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm forms image of the sun. The diameter of the sun subtends an angle 1
on the earth. Then the diameter of the image is (in cm) :
(A) 2 t/9 (B) t/9 (C) 20 (D*) t/18
Sol.
( / 2)
r
R
=tan
1
2
| |
|
\ .
r
d
R/2
1/2
or r =
2
R

1
2

180
t
D =
2
4 180
R t

=
18
t
cm
7. Two plane mirrors are arranged at right angles to each other as shown in figure. A ray
of light is incident on the horizontal mirror at an angle u. For what value of u the ray
emerges parallel to the incoming ray after reflection from the vertical mirror :
(A) 60 (B) 30
(C) 45 (D*) All of the above
Sol. As shown in figure, both incident ray and reflected ray make same angle (90 u) with horizontal and one anti parallel
for all values of u.
Page 8
90
90
90
90
8. A flat mirror M is arranged parallel to a wall W at a distance L from it. The light
produced by a point source S kept on the wall is reflected by the mirror and produces
a light patch on the wall. The mirror moves with velocity v towards the wall :
(A) The patch of light will move with the speed v on the wall.
(B*) The patch of light will not move on the wall.
(C) As the mirror comes closer the patch of light will become larger and shift away from the wall with speed larger
then v.
(D*) The width of the light patch on the wall remains the same.
Sol.
Light patch
Light patch will remain the same.
9. A point object (placed between two plane mirrors whose reflecting surfaces make an angle of 90 with one another)
and all its images lie on a :
(A) Straight line (B) Parabola (C*) Circle (D) Ellipse
Sol. Object O' and image (I
1
, I
2
and I
3
) lies on a circle where centre is a junction point of mirro.
O'
O
( , ) x y
x
y
I x y
2
( , )
I x y
3
( , )
I x y
1
( , )
10. In the figure shown draw the field view of the image. AB is object.
Sol.
Page 9
1. A point object is placed at (0, 0) and a plane mirror 'M' is placed,
inclined 30 with the x axis.
(a) Find the position of image.
y axis
M
x axis
object
(1, 0)
30
(b) If the object starts moving with velocity 1i
.
m/s and the
mirror is fixed find the velocity of image.
Ans. [(a) Position of image =(1 cos 60, 1 sin 60);
(b) Velocity of image =(1 cos 60i
.
, +1 sin 60 j
.
) m/s]
Sol. (a) Co-ordinate of point from diagram
1m
1cos60
1/2
1cos60
1/2
P
(0,0)
(1,0)
1m
60
30
30
x
(+1 cos 60, 1 sin 60)
(1/2,
3
2
)
(b) Speed of object parallel to mirro =1 cos 30 =
3
2
30 1m
O
30 1/2
3/2
Speed of object perpendicualr to mirror =1 sin 30 =
1
2
velocity of image along x axis
=
3
2
cos30
1
2
cos60
=
3
4

1
4
=
1
2
velocity of image along y axis
=
3
2
sin30 +
1
2
sin60 =
3
4
+
3
4
=
3
2
2. A point object 'O' is at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror. The mirror starts to move with speed u, in a direction
perpendicular to the principal axis. Then the initial velocity of the image is :
(A) 2u, in the direction opposite to that of mirror's velocity
(B*) 2u, in the direction same as that of mirror's velocity
(C) Zero
(D) u, in the direction same as that of mirror's velocity
Sol. m =
V
u
=
0
I
h
h
If object is placed at centre of convature
u
O
|V | =| u |
| h
I
| =+| h
0
|
| |
I
d h
dt
=+
0
| | d h
dt
CPP-3 Class - XI Batches - PHONON
REFLECTI ON
Page 10
| |
I
d h
dt
=velocity of image wrst mirror, to primapal axis
0
| | d h
dt
=velocity of object worst mirro, to priampal axis
V
I
u =u
V
I
=2u
3. Sun ray are incident at an angle of 24 with the horizontal. How can they be directed parallel to the horizon using a
plane mirror ?
Ans. [Mirror should be placed on the path of the rays at an Z of 78 or 12 to the horizontal]
Sol.
9012=78
12
Incident ray
normal to
plane mirror
Reflected ray
9078=12
78
24
Incident ray
normal to
plane mirror
Reflected ray
4. A square ABCD of side 1mm is kept at distance 15 cm infront of the concave mirror as
shown in the figure. The focal length of the mirror is 10 cm. The length of the perimeter of
its image will be :
(A) 8 mm (B) 2 mm
(C*) 12 mm (D) 6 mm
Sol.
1
V
+
1
u
=
1
f
1
V
+
1
(15)
=
1
(10)

1
V
=
1
10
+
1
15
V = 30 cm
| m | =
V
u
=
30
15
=2
long t a C'D' =A'B' =2 mm
of image
1
V
+
1
u
=
1
f

2
1
V
dv
du

2
1
u
=0
dv
du
=
2
V
u
=4
Page 11
So long th of image
A'O' =B'C' =4 mm
Than perimeter will be
A'B' +B'C' +C'O' +D'A' =12 mm
5. In the figure shown a thin parallel beam of light is incident on a plane mirror m
1
at
small angle 'u'. m
2
is a concave mirror of focal length 'f '. After three successive
reflections of this beam the x and y coordinates of the image is :
(A) x =f d, y =f u (B) x =d +f, y =fu
(C) x =f d, y = f u (D*) x =d f, y = f u
Sol. After I
st
reflection (from plane mirror)
Parallel beam of light strick on a concave mirror.
x
y
After II
nd
reflection (from concave mirror)
Image is formed at focus and shifted by a distance f u ( to principal axis)
For III
rd
reflection
Object is placed at a distance | f. d | from a plane mirror.
6. M
1
& M
2
are two concave mirrors of the same focal length 10 cm. AB &
CD are their principal axes respectively. A point object O is kept on the
line AB at distance 15 cm from M
1
. The distance between the mirrors
20 cm. Considering two successive reflections first on M
1
and then on
M
2
. The distance of final image from the line AB is :
(A) 3 cm (B*) 1.5 cm
(C) 4.5 cm (D) 1 cm
Sol. for M
1
1 1
(15) V
+
=
1
10
1
V
=
1
10
+
1
15
10cm
15cm
B
C D
3cm
I
1
A
M
1
M
2
20cm
f =10 cm
V = 30 cm
To M
2
1 1
10 V
+
=
1
10
V = 5cm
m =
V
u
=
(5 )
(10 )
cm
cm
=
1
2
=
2
3
h
cm
h
1
=1.5 cm
7. A light ray I is incident on a plane mirror M. The mirror is rotated in the
direction as shown in the figure by an arrow at frequency 9/t rps. The
light reflected by the mirror is received on the wall W at a distance 10 m
from the axis of rotation. When the angle of incidence becomes 37 the
speed of the spot (a point) on the wall is :
(A) 10 m/s (B*) 1000 m/s
(C) 500 m/s (D) None of these
Sol. e' of reflected light is
e' =2
9
2
| |
t
|
t
\ .
=36 rad/sec
R
v
53
10m
53
R
v' =Re'
Page 12
Let velocity of spot on wall is
v cos 53 =Re'
v =
10
cos53

36
cos53
=
36 25
9

=1000 rad/sec
8. Two plane mirrors of length L are separated by distance L and a man M
2
is
standing at distance L from the connecting line of mirrors as shown in figure. A
man M
1
is walking in a straight line at distance 2L parallel to mirrors at speed u,
then man M
2
at O will be able to see image of M
1
for time :
(A)
4L
u
(B)
3L
u
(C*)
6L
u
(D)
9L
u
Sol.
3L
9L M
2
Length of shoded region where M
2
is visible is 9L 3L =6L
If speed of person is U then tinle for which object is visible with G.
t =
6L
U
9. As shown in the figure, an object O is at the position ( 10, 2) with respect to the
origin P. The concave mirror M
1
has radius of curvature 30 cm. A plane mirror M
2
is kept at a distance 40 cm infront of the concave mirror. Considering first reflection
on the concave mirror M
1
and second on the plane mirror M
2
. Find the coordinates
of the second image w.r.t. The origin P :
(A*) ( 46, 70) (B) 20, 70
(C) 46, 50 (D) 20, 50
Sol.
1 1
v u
+
=
1
f
(10,2)
O
x
45
90
B y
R=30cm
40 cm
(30,6)
1
v
+
1
10
| |
|
\ .
=
2
30
=
1
15
1
v
=
1
10

1
15
=
3
30

3
30
1
v
=
1
30
(x cordinate) is v =30 cm
Page 13
m =
v
u
=
30
10
=+3
So y coordinate is y =+6 cm.
Writing equation of line AB mirror is y =x +c ...(1)
Equation of line of mirror =y = x 40 ...(2)
Solving (1) and (2) we set cordinates of intersection on mirror ( 8, 32)
Now let image be at (a, b). Then mid point of (a, 6) and (30, 6) is point ( 8, 32) on mirror i.e
10. A rod of length 10 cm lies along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm in such a way that the end
farther from the pole is 20 cm away from it. Find the length of the image :
Ans. [Infinitely large]
Sol. v
A
=u
A
10 cm
10 cm
A B
F
20 cm
C
v
B
=?
u
B
=10 cm
1 1
( 10) vB
+

=
1
( 10)
v
B
=
So image of AB is infinitely large.