The Aspen Idea Summer 2014

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2 THE ASPEN I DEA SUMMER 2 01 4
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CONTENTS
F E A T U R E S
Bill Clinton and Kobe Bryant join the
Aspen Institute to discuss access to
youth sports. Photo by Eddie Perlas/
ESPN Images.
52 | SPORT FOR ALL, PLAY FOR LIFE
Aspen Institute Sports and Society Program Director and ESPN
Reporter Tom Farrey delves into the importance of access to
youth sports and the mission of the programs Project Play.
58 | THE INSTITUTE TEACHES TEENS TO LEAD
From using tools such as choreography and poetry slams to
providing platforms for solving some of the worlds most pressing
problems, the Aspen Institute trains a growing number of teens
on how to make an impact in their own communities and,
ultimately, on the world.
72 | WHY YOU DON'T HAVE THE FULL
STORY ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
On-the-ground experts are rarely heard from in Western media.
The Institute introduced a Fellowship to change that.
T H E J O U R N A L
80 | ARE SMALL AND GROWING BUSINESSES
THE KEY TO ECONOMIC PROSPERITY?
Randall Kempner and Genevieve Edens offer why these
private sector enterprises may be the best way to foster jobs in
developing countries.
84 | CREATING FINANCIAL
OASES IN BANKING DESERTS
Bill Bynum writes about his John P. McNulty Prize-winning
solution to one of the most financially devastating remnants of
civil rights inequality banking deserts.
88 | PUBLICATIONS
Learn about the scope of reports and publications released
by policy programs at the Aspen Institute.
72
58
80
O N T H E C OV E R
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4 THE ASPEN I DEA SUMMER 2 01 4 4 THE ASPEN I DEA SUMMER 2 01 4
10 | WHAT IS THE INSTITUTE?
Who we are and what we do.
13 | AROUND THE INSTITUTE
Discover the latest news made by the Institutes leadership,
including a meeting with Myanmars Aung San Suu Kyi,
cutting-edge educational videos produced with new Trustee
Salman Khan, the Jeerson lecture for the National
Endowment of the Humanities Institute given by President and
CEO Walter Isaacson, and more.
26 | LEADING VOICES
Former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Smartest Kids
in the World author Amanda Ripley, and other experts in public
policy, academia, business, and the arts oer their views
on what it will take to build a better future.
38 | LEADERSHIP + ACTION
Former Colorado Gov. Bill Ritter writes about the Institutes
role in President Obamas recommendations for clean
energy reform; the Institutes Education and Society Program
Director Ross Wiener nds the unsung hero in the Common
Core; and the Middle East Programs Toni Verstandig and
the Rockefeller-Aspen Diaspora Programs Alexander Dixon
discuss the value of diaspora investing.
13 26
96 112
92 | INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS
Learn about the work of the Institutes international
partners, including its newest, Aspen Institute Mexico.
96 | OUR SUPPORTERS
Meet the Trustees and friends of the Institute who fuel our
programs. Read about the generous donations from the
Harman Family Endowment Fund, Trustee Melva Bucksbaum,
Chairman Emeritus Bill Mayer, and more. Celebrate the launch
of the Justice Circle, the 50th anniversary of the Society of
Fellows, and a tremendous contribution in honor of the
Rodel Fellowships rst decade.
112 | FACTS
Get to know the Institutes programs.
124 | CONNECT WITH US
Contact our program directors, and join the
conversation via social media.
128 | THE LAST WORD
Directors from 10 dierent policy
programs share their expert opinions on
ways to aect the poverty crisis.
D E P A R T M E N T S
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M A J A D U B R U L
325 East Hopkins, Aspen | www.majadubrul.com J E W E L R Y

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THE INSTITUTES DIGITAL HIGHLIGHTS
Beyond the pages of The Aspen Idea magazine,
the Institute features news, blogs, video, audio,
and social-media content every day. Here is a
sample of what you can nd online.
TOP VIDE S
The Second Machine Age A Q&A with MITs Andrew McAfee: The research scientist and author
shares his predictions about how the advanced technology revolution will change the work force, the
economy, and our lives. aspeninstitute.org/mcafee
Why Women Are Essential to the Future of US Manufacturing Women are increasingly
outperforming men in acquiring advanced skills but are underrepresented in manufacturing, an industry
with hundreds of thousands of unfilled positions. aspeninstitute.org/womeninmanufacturing
FACEBOOK
Should college athletes
be allowed to unionize?
WATCH: College Athlete
Union Reps Kain Colter
and Ramogi Huma at
the Aspen Institute.
Huma, president of the
College Athletes Players
Association, and Colter,
former Northwestern
Wildcat quarterback,
speak to the media
about their pursuit to
radically change how
college athletes are
supported through their
school careers.
WHAT'S ON TWITTER?
PINTEREST
Ascend at the Aspen
Institute published a
series of infographics
on the two-generation
approach to lifting
families out of poverty.
You can discover more
facts about this and
other programs work
on our Infographics
board: pinterest.com/
aspeninstitute
Chimamanda Ngozi
Adichie in Conversation
With Damian Woetzel
The author of The New York
Times best-selling novel Americanah
joined Aspen Institute Arts Programs
director in a discourse on race and
gender. aspeninsitute.org/adichie
Marianne Williamson Talks
Spirituality and Politics
The acclaimed spiritual author, lecturer,
and congressional candidate spoke at
the Aspen Meadows campus in March
2014. aspeninstitute.org/williamson
Amanda Ripley and Walter
Isaacson Discuss The
Smartest Kids in the World
The investigative journalist
for Time and The Atlantic discussed
her New York Times best-selling book
and why students in Poland have less
technology in the classroom and better
math scores. aspeninstitute.org/ripley
@ASPENINSTITUTE
Over 50% of baby girls born
today will live to be over 100
years old. - Sen. Blanche
Lincoln #WomeninMFG
@ASPENINSTITUTE
I used to say that we spend
more money to market a
hamburger than a presidential
election, but not now.
@Mark_Penn
@ASPENINSTITUTE
How do homeownership
rates vary by race?
#stateofrace
INSTAGRAM
Representing Partners
for a New Beginning,
former Secretary of
State and Institute
Trustee Madeleine
Albright and Institute
President and CEO
Walter Isaacson speak
alongside Quartet
Representative
Tony Blair at the
first meeting of the
Initiative for the
Palestinian Economy
in Prague, Czech
Republic.
THE ASPEN IDEA BLOG
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PEC AIDEA SUMMER 2014 FP.indd 1 5/1/14 4:14 PM
Walter Isaacson
President and Chief Executive Officer
Elliot F. Gerson
Executive Vice President,
Policy and Public Programs; International Partners
Amy Margerum Berg
Development and Operations; Corporate Secretary
Peter Reiling
Leadership and Seminar Programs;
Executive Director, Henry Crown Fellowship Program
Cindy Buniski
Vice President,
Administration; Executive Director, Aspen Wye Campus
Dolores Gorgone
Vice President,
Finance and Information Technology; Chief Financial Officer
James M. Spiegelman
Vice President,
Chief External Affairs Officer; Deputy to the President
BOARD OF TRUSTEES CHAIRMAN: Robert K. Steel
BOARD OF TRUSTEES VICE CHAIRMAN: James S. Crown
BOARD OF TRUSTEES: Madeleine K. Albright, Paul F. Anderson, Mercedes T. Bass, Miguel Bezos, Richard S. Braddock, Beth A. Brooke,
William D. Budinger, Stephen L. Carter, Cesar Conde, Andrea Cunningham, Kenneth L. Davis, John Doerr, Thelma Duggin, Sylvia A. Earle,
Michael D. Eisner, Brooks Entwistle, Alan Fletcher, Corinne Flick, Henrietta Holsman Fore, Ann B. Friedman, Henry Louis Gates Jr., Mircea Geoana,
David Gergen, Gerald Greenwald, Patrick W. Gross, Arjun Gupta, Jane Harman, Hayne Hipp, Mark Hoplamazian, Gerald D. Hosier, Ann Frasher Hudson,
Robert J. Hurst, Salman Khan, Michael Klein, Yotaro Kobayashi, David H. Koch, Timothy K. Krauskopf, Laura Lauder, Frederic V. Malek,
James M. Manyika, William E. Mayer,* Bonnie Palmer McCloskey, David McCormick, Anne Welsh McNulty, Diane Morris, Karlheinz Muhr, Clare Muana,
Jerry Murdock, Marc Nathanson, William A. Nitze, Her Majesty Queen Noor, Jacqueline Novogratz, Olara A. Otunnu, Elaine Pagels, Margot L. Pritzker,
Peter A. Reiling, Lynda Resnick, Condoleezza Rice, James Rogers, Ricardo Salinas, Isaac O. Shongwe, Anna Deavere Smith, Michelle Smith,
Javier Solana, Shashi Tharoor,** Laurie Tisch, Giulio Tremonti, Roderick K. von Lipsey, Vin Weber, Michael Zantovsky
*Chairman Emeritus **On Leave of Absence
LIFETIME TRUSTEES CO-CHAIRMEN: Berl Bernhard,* James C. Calaway
LIFETIME TRUSTEES: Prince Bandar Bin Sultan, Keith Berwick, John Brademas, Melva Bucksbaum, William T. Coleman, Jr., Lester Crown,
William L. Davis, William H. Donaldson, James L. Ferguson, Richard N. Gardner, Alma L. Gildenhorn, Jacqueline Grapin,
Irvine O. Hockaday Jr., Nina Rodale Houghton, Jrme Huret, William N. Joy, Henry A. Kissinger, Ann Korologos,* Leonard A. Lauder,*
Robert H. Malott, Olivier Mellerio, Eleanor Merrill, Elinor Bunin Munroe, Sandra Day OConnor, Hisashi Owada, Thomas R. Pickering, Charles Powell,
Jay Sandrich, Lloyd G. Schermer, Carlo Scognamiglio, Albert H. Small, Andrew L. Stern, Paul A. Volcker, Leslie H. Wexner,
Frederick B. Whittemore, Alice Young
*Chairman Emeritus
The Aspen Idea is published twice a year by the Aspen Institute and distributed to Institute constituents, friends, and supporters.
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The opinions and statements expressed by the authors and contributors to this publication do not necessarily reect opinions or positions
of the Aspen Institute, which is a nonpartisan forum. All rights reserved. No material in this publication may be published or copied without the
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EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Karen Sommer Shalett
EDITOR EMERITUS Jamie Miller
PUBLISHER Jennifer Myers
SENIOR EDITOR Jean Morra
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Mary Cappabianca, Keosha Varela
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Sarai Johnson
DESIGN DIRECTOR Katie Kissane
CREATIVE DIRECTOR Paul Viola
ART DIRECTOR Karrie Sims
PROJECT MANAGER Mellie Test
CONTACT EDITORIAL aspen.idea@aspeninstitute.org
ADVERTISING Cynthia Cameron, 970.544.3453,
adsales@aspeninstitute.org
GENERAL The Aspen Institute,
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WHAT IS THE ASPEN INSTITUTE?
The Aspen Institute is an educational and policy studies organization based in
Washington, DC. Its mission is to foster leadership predicated on enduring
values and to provide a nonpartisan venue for dealing with critical issues.
The Institute has campuses in Aspen, Colorado, and on the Wye River on
Marylands Eastern Shore. It also maintains ofces in New York City and has an
international network of partners.
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WHAT WILL CYBERSECURITY LOOK LIKE
in the year 2025?
PLATEAU
PEAK
CANYON Download the scenarios that will forecast a global PEAK,
PLATEAU, or CANYON for innovation at Cyberspace2025.com
For 2025, 4.75 billion people online with 3.75 billion from emerging economies, could
lead to three different global scenarios.
Microsofts Cyberspace 2025: Todays Decisions, Tomorrows Terrain looks over the
horizon, beyond technical trends, and attempts to anticipate future catalysts for change
and equip policy makers for tomorrows digital landscape.
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AROUND THE INSTITUTE
Immigrants started 28% of all
new US businesses and employed one
in 10 American workers in 2011.
National service
programs return
nearly $4 in
savings to society
for every $1 spent.
Approximately 800
women and girls die
every day from
complications related
to pregnancy or
childbirth, and 99%
of these occur in
Over 70% of workers
making between $30,000
and $50,000 will save if
they have a retirement
plan at work. Less than 5%
will save if they have to
open an IRA on their own.
The Aspen Institute Initiative on Financial
Security event Working Towards a Secure
Retirement: Strengthening Our Nations
Savings System
Low- and moderate-
income children with
college savings between
$1 - $499 are three times
more likely to attend
college and four times
more likely to graduate
from it.
Whats in Your Piggy Bank? Webinar
Aspen Global Health and
Developments Putting Women
and Girls at the Center of the
Development Agenda
worldwide dont have access to a nancial system.
70% SAVE
at work
5% SAVE
on their own
The Aspen Institute Congressional Programs Latin Americas Changing Economies, Societies,
and Politics: Opportunities and Challenges for the United States program in Cartagena, Colombia.
The Aspen Institute Franklin Project
New York Ideas
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An Investment in Climate Change
In partnership with the US Department of State, the organization Accelerating Market-Driven
Partnerships (AMP) has recently joined the Institute as part of the Global Alliances Program. An
impact investment initiative pioneered in 2012 by then-Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, the
program serves to facilitate partnerships and investments. We are delighted for AMP to join the
Institute. Its a natural fit as we expand our programs to incorporate implementation-oriented
initiatives in emerging markets, said Elliot Gerson, the Institutes executive vice president of
policy and public programs and international partners.
The program works to demonstrate that investments in advanced energy technologies
and climate resiliency can yield competitive returns, debunking the false choice between
achieving robust economic growth and addressing climate change. Advocating that a
low-carbon economy is critical to create and maintain stable and inclusive societies, the
program advises those seeking public-private partnerships on projects such as a $2.1 billion
development for energy-efficient, mixed-income, and mixed-use housing in So Paulo,
Brazil. Having a home at the Aspen Institute enables us to accelerate our efforts to foster
innovation and build partnerships to increase the amount of capital invested to address
climate change, said Executive Director Robert Foster. For more, go to ampglobal.org or
follow @AMPGlobal.
We are
delighted
for AMP to join
the Institute.
Its a natural fit
as we expand
our programs
to incorporate
implementation-
oriented initiatives
in emerging
markets.
Elliot Gerson
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REWIND REWIND REWIND
Elected president of Honduras in December 2013,
Central America Leadership Initiative Fellow Juan
Orlando Hernandez is the first Aspen Global
Leadership Network Fellow to lead a country. I
was already involved in politics, but during my
fellowship seminars I realized I needed to make a
bigger impact, Hernandez explained. He has his
work cut out for him. Racked by drug violence,
Honduras has the highest homicide rate in the
world for a country not at war. In his first months
in office, Hernandez has made stemming the
spread of narco-trafficking and taking a stand
against gang violence his top priorities.
The Arts Program recently announced its
2014 Harman-Eisner Artists-in-Residence,
actor Alfre Woodard and dancer Charles Lil
Buck Riley. Woodard, who most recently
co-starred in the film 12 Years a Slave; is a
longtime activist who has worked to reverse
the spread of HIV/AIDS in South Africa; and
serves on President Obamas Committee
Having Alfre and Lil Buck
as artists-in-residence allows us to celebrate,
promote, and further their work as citizen artists.
Damian Woetzel, Aspen Institute Arts Program Director
Institute Fellow Elected President of Honduras
New Artists-in-Residence Announced
The Institute hosts
a diverse range of
events featuring
experts in academia,
business, philanthropy,
culture, and the arts.
Here, find a sampling
of a variety of
programs over the
past six months.
Aspen Leadership Series:
Conversations With Great
Leaders in Memory of Preston
Robert Tisch Presents: A
Conversation With Ray Kelly
JUNE 12, 2014 | NYC
This series of discussions
features inspiring and innovative
leaders who are improving their
communities and the world.
Raymond W. Kelly has 50 years
in public service, with the last 12
as police commissioner of the
City of New York. One of the
worlds most well-known and
highly esteemed leaders in law
enforcement, he spoke about the
challenges of leadership.
Summit at Gettysburg: Our
Unfinished Work
JUNE 4-6, 2014 | GETTYSBURG,
PENNSYLVANIA
One year after the Franklin
Projects initial launch,
the Summit at Gettysburg
highlighted how America
can finally create a common
expectation and opportunity
for all young people to serve
the nation.
American Consumers and
Their Money: What Has
Changed Since Dodd-Frank?
MAY 13, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
Nearly four years after the
passage of the Dodd-Frank Wall
Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act, this dialogue
explored the innovations and
obstacles shaping todays
relationship between consumers
and the financial services sector.
on the Arts and Humanities, striving to turn
around low-performing and high-poverty
schools through the arts. Riley who has
performed with artists from Yo-Yo Ma to
Madonna is a passionate champion of
arts education and has been working on
developing national arts education projects
at the Institute.
Alfre Woodard
President of Honduras Juan Orlando Hernandez
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The Institute has embarked on an exciting partnership with the Khan Academy an online
learning platform that in the past two years has reached over 100 million learners worldwide.
Members of the Institutes leadership and invited guests are helping the platform reach its
goal to change education for the better by providing a free world-class education for anyone
anywhere. The partnership content, made possible thanks to support from the Kimsey
Foundation and Gilchrist Berg, has already diversified the Khan Academy offerings to include
lessons the Institute has created on American history and civics. Institute President and
CEO Walter Isaacson and Khan Academy founder Sal Khan together released two lesson
sets one on the Declaration of Independence and another on Ben Franklin. Isaacson and
Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Joe Ellis recorded lessons on the American Revolution and the
countrys Founding Fathers, and journalist Cokie Roberts developed a series on the Founding
Mothers. To view the lessons, go to khanacademy.org/partner-content/AspenInstitute.
Back to School at the Khan Academy
The National Endowment for the Humanities
recently awarded Institute President and CEO
Walter Isaacson the highest honor the federal
government gives in the humanities. Isaacson
delivered the 43rd annual Jefferson Lecture
at The Kennedy Center in Washington,
DC, this spring, joining a list of previous
winners such as Martin Scorsese, Arthur
Miller, and Trustee Henry Louis Gates Jr.
The best-selling biographer spoke about
the impact of innovators from Leonardo
da Vinci to Albert Einstein who fused
humanistic thought with scientific discovery.
This honor came shortly after the Louisiana
Endowment for the Humanities named
Isaacson its 2014 Humanist of the Year. Both
awards acknowledge Isaacsons work as the
former chairman of CNN and the editor of
Time magazine, the latter of which awarded
Isaacson with its 2014 Lifetime Achievement
Award in June.
ISAACSON GIVES
JEFFERSON LECTURE
CityLab Wins Folio Award
For its inaugural forum, CityLab: Urban Solutions to Global Challenges won the
distinction of Best Conference from min + Folios FAME Awards. A partnership
between the Institute, The Atlantic, and Bloomberg Philanthropies, the second
annual conference will be held in Los Angeles on Sept. 28-30, 2014. Once
again bringing together more than 300 global city leaders including mayors,
urbanists, designers, and city planners the forum will focus on the key issues
facing cities globally. Plenaries, presentations, and break-outs will explore
topics such as redevelopment, public and private partnerships, health, and
urban infrastructure. For more, go to aspeninstitute.org/citylab.
Michael Bloomberg joins CityLab to discuss urban issues.
Sal Khan (left) joins Walter Isaacson to
craft a Khan Academy lecture.
IFS Director Nominated to be Undersecretary of Agriculture
On May 8, President Barack Obama announced his nomination of the Institutes Initiative on Financial
Security Executive Director Lisa Mensah to serve as undersecretary of agriculture for rural development
under US Department of Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack. As an expert in identifying the best financial
tools to improve the economic security of the working poor, Mensah will guide programs that support
community economic development and financing in broadband, telecommunications, distance learning,
telemedicine, entrepreneurship, and business development in rural America, said Institute Executive Vice
President of Policy and Public Programs Elliot Gerson. Mensah founded the program in 2003, and since
then the program has been dedicated to helping bring about the policies and financial products that
enable all Americans to save, invest, and own. Im deeply proud of the work Lisa has done at IFS, said
Institute President and CEO Walter Isaacson. Helping assure that everyone has a decent opportunity
and reducing wealth inequality are the political and moral imperatives of our time. P
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NEW REPORT RELEASED: OCEAN
CONSERVATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY
The Institutes Energy & Environment Program has released The Ocean
Community Report, a yearlong study into ways in which the marine conservation
community can improve its efcacy. With worldwide overshing of large sh
and other wild sh populations, and arguably about 1 billion people dependent
on seafood as their primary source of protein (more than 30% of their diet),
new approaches must be adopted in order to provide true stewardship over
the worlds oceans, ensure the viability of sea life as a sustainable source of
food, and preserve and restore the natural function of marine ecosystems.
Two-thirds of the
worlds sh stocks
are either shed
at their limit or
overshed.
Although the Convention
on Biological Diversity goal
was set to protect 10% of the
worlds ocean areas, only
1.8%

of the worlds oceans are designated
a Marine Protected Area.
Only 35% of these protected
areas comprise No-Take
Zones, where shing is prohibited.
An estimated 2.5 million new reserves would need to be
created if the historical average Marine Protected Area
size is maintained. Alternatively, create areas or
networks of areas that are signicantly larger in size.
1.8% PROTECTED
35% NO-TAKE ZONE
Ocean conservation is at a turning point, where the community has developed an
effective, collaborative approach that both engages political leaders and integrates
nancial strategies and can provide evidence of the severe effects of long-term
trends such as climate change and overshing on sovereign natural resources. Recent
conservation successes have been signicant, with the number of protected areas
increasing tenfold since the 1950s.

To continue this progress, the ocean community must push its efforts to communicate
the economic benets of marine protection, identify opportunities for collaboration,
end unsustainable government sheries subsidies, and provide training to business
and political leaders. To learn more about how the Institute is supporting these
developments, visit aspeninstitute.org/eep.
New York Ideas
MAY 6, 2014 | NYC
The third annual New York
Ideas forum gathered cutting-
edge innovators with a simple
goal: to draw out the strands
of genius from leaders whose
work and passions are changing
our world. Through interviews,
panels, debates, displays,
and break-out sessions, the
forum showcased the trends,
innovations, and technologies
driving the business, political,
and cultural landscape.
The Challenges of
International Criminal
Justice: Mass Atrocities, the
International Criminal Court,
and the Role of States
APRIL 10, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
The International Criminal
Court (ICC) is the worlds only
permanent international court
with a mandate to investigate
and prosecute genocide,
crimes against humanity, and
war crimes. This program
sought to understand the ICCs
role in deterring crimes and
fostering peace.
Realizing the Sexual and
Reproductive Health and
Rights of Women and Girls:
A Breakthrough Strategy
for Lasting Development
and Prosperity
APRIL 9, 2014 | NYC
Approximately 800 women
and girls die every day from
complications related to
pregnancy or childbirth, and
99 percent of these occur
in developing countries.
Additionally, over 222 million
women have an unmet need
for modern contraception. The
Permanent Mission of Zambia
to the United Nations and the
Global Leaders Council for
Reproductive Health partnered
with the Aspen Institute Global
Health and Development
Program for a discussion on how
sexual and reproductive health
and rights are a priority in the
post-2015 development agenda.
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LIFE REIMAGINED SEMINAR BEGINS
As we get older, we reach important transition points that prompt us to reconsider the next chapter in our life. The
new Aspen Life Reimagined Seminar helps professionals between the ages of 45 and 59 navigate personal and
professional transitions, refining their sense of purpose and honing the skills of self-leadership to make the best use
of their time, talent, and treasure. We all need time to step back and ask ourselves Socrates question: How ought I
to live? says Walter Isaacson, especially when we reach lifes important inflection points. This seminar gives people
the time, focused discussion, and extended reflection to help make the difficult choices about whats next. This four-
day seminar weaves the classic Aspen Seminar method of text-based dialogue with the hands-on, purpose-driven
methodology of the Life Reimagined initiative from AARP, allowing participants to reimagine richer lives and better
communities. For more information, visit aspeninstitute.org/lifereimagined.
We all need time to step back and ask ourselves Socrates question:
How ought I to live?... especially when we reach lifes important inflection
points. This seminar gives people the time, focused discussion, and
extended reflection to help make the difficult choices about whats next.
Walter Isaacson
Scholarship Named for Keith Berwick
Keith Berwick, the former executive director of the Aspen Institute Henry Crown
Fellowship, esteemed seminar moderator, and four-time Emmy-winning television
broadcaster, was recently honored with a scholarship created in his name at
Hampden-Sydney College. Berwick celebrated his 85th birthday by presenting
John Edward Wirges, a junior at the Virginia school, with the inaugural Keith
Berwick Endowed Scholarship for Enlightened Leadership. The scholarship is
given to a student at the college who best portrays the character Berwick has
displayed throughout his career. Berwick reminisced about his own experience as
the schools first Albert Kunstadter Fellow. I was thrilled at the opportunity to meet
Mr. Kunstadter, a self-made man who had grown up in the shadow of the factory
that he later owned and was the basis of his familys fortune, Berwick said. Little did
I imagine that one day I would be the recipient of such an honor.
Keith Berwick (left) and John Edward Wirges
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The Aspen Institute Business
and Society International
MBA Case Competition
APRIL 4, 2014 | NYC
More than 1,000 students
worldwide from 25 leading
business schools competed for
over $30,000 in scholarships.
This program aims to
communicate that social,
environmental, and ethical
issues are not at the periphery
of business; indeed they are
central to business growth in the
21st century. The top prize was
awarded to the Wilfrid Laurier
University MBA team.
The Aspen Institute Presents
Rep. Keith Ellison on His Book
My Country, Tis of Thee: My
Faith, My Family, Our Future
MARCH 24, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
This discussion, moderated
by Dan Glickman, former US
Agriculture secretary and
director of the Aspen Institute
Congressional Program, and
Mickey Edwards, former
congressman and director
of the Rodel Fellowship,
provided insight into Keith
Ellisons personal and political
philosophy, which he described
as based on generosity and
inclusion. Ellison is the first
Muslim elected to the US
Congress and the first African-
American elected to the House
from Minnesota.
United We Stand,
Divided We Fall: Aspects
of Transatlantic Relations
With Austrian Ambassador
Hans Peter Manz
MARCH 20, 2014 | WYE RIVER,
MARYLAND
The Wye Fellows were invited
to join Austrian Ambassador
Hans Peter Manz for a
discussion on transatlantic
relations within the European
Union and between the EU and
the US. During his distinguished
diplomatic career, Dr. Manz
served as foreign policy adviser
to the chancellor of Austria. His
former postings include Tehran,
Bern, and New York.
According to the International Monetary Fund, the skills gap accounts for approximately
one-third of the US unemployment rate. At a recent convening featuring Chicago Mayor
Rahm Emanuel and Aspen Forum for Community Solutions Chair Melody Barnes, JPMorgan
Chase Chairman, President, and CEO Jamie Dimon announced an investment in the Forums
Opportunity Youth Incentive Fund as part of its $250 million Job Skills Initiative. The
partnership is targeted at helping young people gain the skills they need to compete for
jobs that can transform their lives and the lives of future generations through cross-system,
community-led efforts. This work is about ensuring people are able to have the dignity of
work and that theyre able to provide for their families, said Barnes. It turns their lives
around, and it turns communities around, too. For more on this grant-making partnership, go
to aspencommunitysolutions.org.
JPMorgan Chase Supports Opportunity Youth
Can a fashion designer truly change the world? Paul Dillinger, First Mover
Fellow and Head of Global Product Innovation at Levi Strauss & Co.,
just might. The Business and Society Programs First Movers Fellowship
supports intrapreneurs, or innovators who create new products, services,
and management practices that achieve greater profitability and positive
social and environmental impact. As the central focus of his Fellowship,
Dillinger created the Dockers WellThread line of stylish mens clothes
through a process that puts environmental impact at the forefront of
design. The capsule collection, currently available in the US, Canada, and
Europe, is Dillingers solution to throwaway fashion. WellThread chooses
its fabrics and design with long-lasting wear and the ability to recycle in
mind. The line includes innovative details such as locker loops on khakis
for hang drying and uses 30 percent less water
and energy in the manfacturing process than
other brands. The company also works to improve
the finances and well-being of those who work in
the WellThread factories. The design mind is still
delighted by these creative challenges that are put
to it, said Dillinger. But if we put these guardrails
on the activity, it actually has tremendous unlock in
terms of business potential.
First Mover Fellow Transforms Dockers
The sustainable WellThread line, designed by First Mover Fellow Paul Dillinger (right)
JPMorgan Chases Jamie Dimon joins the Institutes Melody Barnes and Mayor Rahm Emanuel.
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Aung San Suu Kyi Speaks to Institute Leadership
The Institutes Global Alliance Program, under Executive Director Mickey Bergman,
co-sponsored a delegation to Myanmar this spring. The trip aimed to foster social
entrepreneurship opportunities to address some of the countrys most critical needs,
including education, clean water, nutrition, and sustainable energy. Members of the
delegation, including Institute Executive Vice President of Policy and Public Programs
and International Partners Elliot Gerson, were invited to speak with 1991 Nobel Peace
Prize-winner and Chairperson of the National League for Democracy Aung San Suu Kyi
in the Yangon lakeside home where she had been kept under house arrest for almost 15
of 21 years between 1989 and 2010. (Aspen Seminar alumni will know her through her
1994 address in Manila, Empowerment of a Culture of Peace and Development.)
Suu Kyis message was firm. She said, Yes, do focus on the opportunities afforded
by reform, asking the investors in the group to provide critically needed jobs for young
people and to address the problems that trap so much of the population in poverty,
poor education, and ill health. But she also said not to ignore the remaining challenges.
She asserted they were still enormous and urged the delegation not to be fooled by
changes she called superficial the bustle evident everywhere, the presence of new
Western logos such as Coca-Colas, and ubiquitous billboards announcing the arrival of
consumer mobile telephony. Suu Kyi warned investors to be cautious, indeed, before
making any large commitments to the country. The times, she said, were precarious and
could tip either way.
The opposition politician suggested that the political, social, and economic reform
had stopped, and argued that all that had occurred until now, including elections,
had been part of a seven-point plan by the former military government that was only
intended to move the country enough to allow foreign investment, but not too far to
allow the army to lose effective control. She did offer some good news for would-be
investors in our delegation: that indications of which way the country would turn would
be clear within months pointing to proposals for constitutional reform for which she
and her political party are campaigning and the US government supports. The eyes of
the world, and the Institute delegation, will be watching.
DORGAN NAMED TO
JUSTICE DEPT. COMMITTEE
Attorney General Eric Holder selected
the Center for Native American Youths
founder and chairman, former US Sen.
Byron Dorgan, to co-chair the advisory
committee for the Justice Departments
Task Force on American Indian and
Alaska Native Children Exposed to
Violence. Dorgan will serve alongside
Grammy Award-wi nner Joanne
Shenandoah and dozens of researchers
and leading childrens advocates from
Indian Country. The Task Force will
conduct four hearings and a series of
listening sessions across the US with
the hopes of dramatically decreasing
child endangerment. Thus far, Dorgan
chaired meetings in North Dakota and
Arizona, including sessions with youth
from the Gila River Indian Community
and Ak-Chin Indian Community.
ASPEN ACROSS AMERICA
Capitalizing on the success of the DC-based
series Aspen Around Town, featuring
programming such as The Legacy of
Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from The
Birmingham City Jail held earlier this year
at the National Cathedral, Institute Vice
President Eric L. Motley has just launched
Aspen Across America. Institute-style
conversations will be held all across the
country in large and small venues, such as
museums, libraries, concert halls, major
research universities, small colleges,
and homes. Stay tuned for an upcoming
calendar release.
Aung San Suu Kyi meets with Institute Executive Vice President Elliot Gerson at her lakeside home
in Myanmar.
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Policies for the Growing
Refugee Crisis in the Levant
MARCH 5, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
According to UNHCR, the
number of Syrian refugees
has surpassed 2 million, with
Lebanon receiving the lions
share, followed by Jordan,
Turkey, and Iraq. This program,
organized by the Middle East
Programs, dealt with the topic
of the burden of refugees on
regional social and sectarian
constructs.
Foundations for Social
Impact Bonds: How and Why
Philanthropy Is Catalyzing
the Development of a New
Market
MARCH 4, 2014
The Aspen Institute Program
on Philanthropy and Social
Innovation and Social Finance
US co-hosted an event to
celebrate the launch of Social
Finances latest white paper,
Foundations for Social
Impact Bonds: How and Why
Philanthropy Is Catalyzing
the Development of a New
Market. Social Finance US
presented the research findings,
which was followed by a panel
discussion that explored the
catalytic role foundations
have played in the market and
what role they may play as the
market matures.
Care Innovation Summit 2014
FEB. 27, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
The Aspen Institute and The
Advisory Board Company
presented the Care Innovation
Summit 2014. The Summit
convened policymakers,
providers, and leading
innovators to explore
opportunities to drive higher-
value care and better health for
individuals and populations.
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In April, President Barack Obama
nominated Henry Crown Fellow
and former Aspen Strategy Group
member Sylvia Mathews Burwell to
succeed Kathleen Sebelius as the
Secretary of the US Department of
Health and Human Services. Upon
confirmation, she joined Secretary
of Education Arne Duncan, Secretary
of Transportation Anthony Foxx,
and Secretary of Labor Tom Perez
to become the fourth Aspen Global
Leadership Network Fellow to serve
in the US Cabinet. Just prior to press
time, Rodel Fellow and San Antonio
Mayor Julin Castro was nominated
as Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development. When confirmed, he
will bring the number to five Aspen
Fellows serving in the US Cabinet
concurrently. Institute Fellows enter
the program having demonstrated a
great deal of personal success and
are continualy prompted to broaden
and deepen the impact of their
leadership on society. As they ascend
to these new offices, they personify
the central goals of the Institutes
Fellowship programs.
Aspen Fellows Take Over the Presidential Cabinet
When talking about the Affordable Care Act, one of the things thats
very important is actually to start with where we are now as a nation
and what this is about. Sylvia Mathews Burwell
Vanity Fairs New Establishment
For 20 years, Vanity Fair has published its annual New
Establishment list of leading innovators who shake the foundations
of their industries. This year, in association with the Institute, Cond
Nast presents its first summit in connection with the list, Vanity
Fair New Establishment Summit: The Age of Innovation. On Oct. 8
and 9, in San Francisco, Vanity Fairs Graydon Carter and Institute
President and CEO Walter Isaacson will host an intimate audience
for in-depth conversations around ideas that can change the world,
including unexpected pairings, one-on-ones, and panel discussions.
The event will be held at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts
and culminates in a party that only such a glossy magazine could
produce. For more information or to purchase one of the limited
passes, visit vfsummit.com.
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Book Talk on the Good
Jobs Strategy: How the
Smartest Companies Invest
in Employees to Lower
Costs and Boost Profits
JAN. 17, 2014 | WASHINGTON, DC
In MIT Sloan Professor Zeynep
Tons game-changing book,
she proves that it is possible
to offer good jobs to workers,
low prices and excellent
service to customers, and
great returns to shareholders
all at the same time.
Aspen Wye Fellows
With Michael Morell
JAN. 16, 2014 | QUEENSTOWN,
MARYLAND
Michael Morell served as
deputy director of the Central
Intelligence Agency since
May 2010. Following the
announcement of Morells
retirement from a long and
distinguished career with the
CIA, he provided a true insiders
view on the history of the
agency and its role in the
21st century.
Paralysis, Dysfunction, and
Gridlock in Washington and
Solutions for Fixing the Mess
DEC. 18, 2013 | WASHINGTON, DC
This event, a roundtable
chaired by Rodel Fellowship
Program Director Mickey
Edwards and Congressional
Program Executive Director
Dan Glickman, featured the
writers of the Boston Globes
Broken City series/e-book
discussing the many causes
of dysfunction and partisan
gridlock in Washington, as well
as possible solutions.
A Ukrainian Seminar
Considered a well-kept, albeit unintended,
secret, a burgeoning number of Ukrainians
have been hosting the Aspen seminar
for nearly seven years in their homeland.
The Institute joined forces with the
Victor Pinchuk Foundation to promote
conversation among young Ukrainian
leaders in 2007, upon overcoming the
initial challenge of crafting an effective
and comprehensive forum in both the
Ukrainian and Russian languages. After
initial support from Victor Pinchuk himself,
the Aspen-Ukraine Initiative eventually
became self-funded. It now tackles an
even wider array of topics, including
business, civics, arts, and politics.
As the plight of Ukraine under Russian
occupation becomes a geopolitical crisis,
the need for a forum such as this is ever-
increasing. The Seminar is thriving, its
alumni almost 250 strong, representing
the best and brightest of the countrys
emerging generation, said Executive Vice
President Elliot Gerson, who started the
seminar in 2007. Nowhere in the world is
there a waiting list as long and as deep to
take our seminar. And arguably there are
few places in the world today where Aspen
values of tolerance and the search for
common ground in support of the good
society are more critically in demand.
In November 2014, the Initiative will host
its 10th Responsible Leadership seminar.
Understanding the Values: Pursuit of
Consent in the Changing World will
convene participants (ages 30 to 55) to
discuss in part Russias influence
on Ukraine and how this kind of political
integration will impact social change.
The Initiative conducts its forums utilizing
the Institutes iconic Aspen Seminar
formula with lively roundtable discussions
centered on modern and ancient texts, all
translated into both languages. Participants
have long included those now shaping
Ukrainian civil society, including Oleg
Musiy, the countrys new minister of health;
Viktoria Siumar, deputy head of the State
Security Council; Kiev mayoral candidates
Lesya Orobets and Oleg Derevianko; Olga
Bogomolets, who recently campaigned for
the presidency of Ukraine.
Nowhere in the world is
there a waiting list as long
and as deep to take our
seminar. And arguably there
are few places in the world
today where Aspen values
of tolerance and the search
for common ground in
support of the good
society are more critically
in demand.
Elliot Gerson
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The Institutes Aspen Prize for Community
College Excellence has spotlighted the best
of community colleges as it seeks to offer a
resource to strengthen the rest. Joshua Wyner,
the executive director of the Aspen College
Excellence program, brought all hes learned
from the search for Aspen Prize winners to a
new book, What Excellent Community Colleges
Do: Preparing All Students for Success (Harvard
Education Press, 2014). Recently, Inside Higher
Eds Paul Fain interviewed Wyner, asking, among
other things, What are the most important
characteristics of a top-notch community
college president?
Wyner: The most successful community colleges have great
leaders. Looking across the Aspen Prize-winning institutions,
a few characteristics stand out. First is a deep commitment to
student access and success, which enables exceptional leaders
to stay at an institution long enough to build a new culture and
confront the significant challenges associated with achieving
better student outcomes. A second common thread is the
willingness to take risks. A strong leader will close a gymnasium
or shut down a sports team even if that decision is politically
unpopular if thats what is needed to have the space or
resources for a new tutoring center.
Also, great leaders publicly acknowledge and take personal
responsibility for closing big gaps in student success. That
can be risky for a president trying to sell the institution to
prospective students or state officials or employers, but it
can also help build a stronger base of support for reform.
Finally, great presidents are really visionary change leaders.
They understand how to rally an entire college, no matter how
decentralized, around a common goal. And they understand
that the community college cannot do this work alone they
build new structures that connect the community colleges
efforts with the work of K through 12 schools, employers, four-
year colleges, and community-based organizations.
Lessons Learned
A DIGITAL PLATFORM
TO CATALYZE NATIONAL SERVICE
With $2.1 million in support from Cisco Systems, the Institutes
Franklin Project has joined with the National Conference on
Citizenship to establish a national service certification system
and technology platform that will enable colleges, nonprofits,
and social enterprises to generate civilian national service
positions. The online platform due to launch in 2015 is
expected to provide more opportunities for young people
seeking service positions, as well as the service providers that
need them. We have the technology that allows you to bring
together the people who want to serve with the organizations
that can host, said Franklin Project Director Jay Mangone.
Weve had a huge partner step up in Cisco, who is helping
us to create a technology exchange where young people,
organizations, and funders who can support their endeavors
can get matched.
A New, New York Spot
Christies Auction House is known for hosting some of the
most finely curated collections of art, artifacts, and objets.
Now, with the help of the Institute, it will host conversations
of the same caliber. In its New York flagship, Christies and
the Institute will create events together, including a cultural
concepts symposium. The Institute will also hold its own
convenings in the space at 20 Rockefeller Plaza, such as the
recent panel Stop the World, We Want to Breathe! On Slow
Art, Slow Food, and Slowing Down (Or Not) by Anna Deavere
Smith Works Executive Director Anna Deavere Smith.
Aspen College Excellence Program Director Joshua Wyner discusses his
new book.
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laura maggos + sarah burggraf
aspen real estate sales + luxury rentals
aspen colorado usa 970 544 6699 lauramaggos.com
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LEADING VOICES
The Aspen Institute invites leading experts in public policy,
academia, business, and the arts to offer their views on what it
will take to strengthen our country and build a better future. OVERHEARD

JEH JOHNSON
SECRETARY OF
HOMELAND SECURITY
Aspen Institute
Homeland Security Group
Washington, DC
In the name of homeland
security, we cannot sacrifice
our values as a nation. We
can build more walls, install
more screening devices,
ask more questions, expect
more answers, and make
people suspicious of each
other, but not at the cost of
who we are as a nation of
people who cherish privacy
and freedom, celebrate
diversity, carry our flag at
the Olympics, and are
not afraid.
ALAN ALDA
ACTOR AND ADVOCATE
Aspen Institute Arts
Program | New York
[Science] is maybe the most
glorious human achievement.
To be divorced from it, to
have it be done by priests in
white coats, and for me to
not understand enough to
get something out of it, is a
waste. Science is the poetry
of the universe ... and its
a human activity, done by
people who have passion,
envy, desire all the human
attributes that we have. I
want to see that Im like them
and theyre like me, and I
want to latch on to what
theyre doing.

WYNTON MARSALIS
ARTISTIC DIRECTOR OF JAZZ AT LINCOLN CENTER
30th Annual Awards Dinner | New York
[Americans] will truly be great we dont need slogans
because people sacrice a lot for us to be here, and they
come together. Yes, we have a legacy of slavery, but we
have a legacy of overcoming slavery. Thats a legacy that is
in our music, and that was what was in the sound of Louis
Armstrong, and thats what my father taught us.
ZEYNEP TON
AUTHOR OF THE GOOD JOBS STRATEGY
Economic Opportunities Program | Washington, DC
I dont take my children to places that dont offer great
jobs. I dont want [them] to see people at their most
disengaged. ... I want them to see that the society we
live in is one where people are treated with dignity and
respect. Often when we have poor experiences in the
service industry, we blame the person giving us that
poor service, like a cashier. ... [Yet] this person has to
memorize thousands of numbers and probably received
just a few hours of training.
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Connect with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and join the conversations.
For more information, visit www.rwjf.org. Follow the Foundation on Twitter at www.rwjf.org/twitter
or on Facebook at www.rwjf.org/facebook. Watch us on Youtube at www.youtube.com/user/rwjfvideo.
What does a culture of
health mean to you?
Visit www.rwjf.org/2014AnnualMessage.
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DEBORA SPAR
PRESIDENT OF BARNARD
COLLEGE AND AUTHOR OF WONDER WOMEN:
SEX, POWER, AND THE QUEST FOR PERFECTION
The Alma and Joseph Gildenhorn Book Talk
Series | Washington, DC
Im not saying that all women should make the choice
to pursue their careers full speed ahead. I think its
fully legitimate to make different kinds of choices. But
we all have to make choices, and I think the beauty of
what feminism has done is that its given women this
incredible candy store of options. You can have this, or
this, or this, or this, but you cant have it all. And I may
make different choices than you. But were both going to
have to make choices.
TOM COUGHLIN, NEW
YORK GIANTS COACH
The Aspen Leadership
Series: Conversations With
Great Leaders in
Memory of Preston Robert
Tisch | New York
What you have to be is
vigilant like any CEO for any
job. Youve got to see the
areas where your attention
is needed. You cant let
things slip. Someone is
allowed to behave in a
certain way, which is not
in the best interest of the
team, and youve got to do
something about it.

MICHAEL NUTTER,
MAYOR OF PHILADELPHIA
Aspen Institute Symposium on
the State of Race
in America | Washington, DC
Many of our young African-
American men dont see anybody
who is interested in their future.
Weve shortchanged them
on education. That kind of
disparity and no large, known
effort to x it shows them that
nobody cares about them.
CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE
AUTHOR OF AMERICANAH
Aspen Institute Arts Program | New York
I had many opportunities to get an American passport,
but I chose not to because I felt, in a slightly misguided
way, that I wanted to somehow be authentically Nigerian.
Which meant that I would travel with only a Nigerian
passport, and I would therefore be forced through the
various indignities that attend a Nigerian passport, such
as having difculties in getting visas to different countries
and being harassed at different airports. I watch peoples
faces, and the minute I present my green Nigerian
passport, something happens. Its a mask of distrust.
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SEN. ORRIN HATCH, R-UT
Aspen Institute Initiative on
Financial Security | Washington, DC
America cannot continue to ignore the nancial
disaster coming our way if we do not get our public
pension debt crisis under control. A federal bailout of
state and local governments is fraught with risk and
so-called moral hazard. But saying that Congress will
not bail out a state or local government is not to say
that Congress should do nothing. Congress can, and in
my opinion should, enact policies that will help cities
and towns help themselves to get back to scal health
or avoid becoming unhealthy in the rst place.
RICHARD BLANCO,
FIFTH INAUGURAL POET
Aspen Writers
Foundation Winter Words
Series
|
Aspen, Colorado
The greatest gift at the
Inauguration was [to]
actually nally nd a home.
[It was] the acceptance of
who I was reading that
poem to America, for
America that made me
question all these other
things about everything
that I was questioning. And
[it was] the idea that I was
home all along. And that
my story, my mothers story,
your story, all of our stories,
are the American story.
JULIAN BOND, CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVIST
Aspen Around Town: The Legacy of
Martin Luther King Jr.s
Letter from Birmingham Jail | Washington, DC
Ive been fond of saying that I dont believe theres
such a thing as gay rights; theyre just rights.
Theres not such a thing as black rights; theyre just
rights. We all have these rights. And I knew too
many gay people from my earlier years, my high
school years, my college years, people who worked
with me in the movement, that I couldnt say to
them, Well, thanks for helping me; appreciate it,
but Im not going to help you. Of course I couldnt
say that, and I so felt bound to do it, so I did it, and
I was glad to do what I could.
SEN. JOE MANCHIN,
D-WVA
Washington Roundtable
Series: No Labels: A Shared
Vision for a Stronger
America | Washington, DC
Leadership is not putting
your opponent in an untenable
position that they cant go
home and defend themselves.
Thats not leadership.
Leadership is basically saying,
I need you to work with me,
and Ill tell you what: I need
to give you a position that
when you go home, you can
defend yourself and I wont
use it against you. Now if
I can make my colleagues
understand that, and trust me,
Ill get a lot more done.
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LEADING VOICES
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At the 30th Annual Awards Dinner at the Plaza Hotel last November, former US Secretary
of State and Kissinger Associates Inc. Chairman Henry Kissinger received the Institutes
Global Leadership Award. After sharing stories with Trustee Madeleine Albright about
their similar experiences as immigrant US secretaries of state, Kissinger discussed his view
of the geopolitical landscape with Institute President and CEO Walter Isaacson.
WALTER ISAACSON: Mr. Chairman Youve been very good at
creating strategic frameworks, and if you dont mind me telling a story,
about a month ago, we were at a dinner and somebody asked you
what should we make of Syria, which had just conducted its chemical
weapons attack on its own people. Obama had talked about a red
line but didnt seem to know what was going to happen next, and the
Russians had done nothing. You said the Russians understand their
strategic interest not to have terrorist Islamic radicals and chemical
weapons sloshing around south of their border. So sometime soon
Vladimir Putin will step in and try to defuse this situation and call
for an international settlement. I was amazed, but not surprised, when
three weeks later that exact same thing happened. Can you explain
how Russia understands its strategic interest in Syria and what our
strategic interests should be?
HENRY KISSINGER: Russia had a variety of interests in Syria. They
dont like UN resolutions that can be used as intervention in domestic
afairs. But the fundamental interest they have is to curb or eliminate
the nonstate organizations like Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and not out of an
abstract consideration of stability. Instead, because there are 20 to 25
million Muslims in Russia, jihadists are bound to apply to Russia the same
principles that they are applying or trying to apply to the rest of the world.
So whatever national diferences exist about Syria as a state, Syria
as a part of the Islamic world, it was not in the Soviet interest to see
the radical element enhanced. And, therefore, I thought that if they
stood by while we bombed Syria, it would have demonstrated their
incapacity to afect the events. It would probably have produced an
even more chaotic situation. And that was not in their interests. So I
thought, at some point, before we made a military move, they would
attempt to settle this.
Now, what is our interest? The way the Syrian issue has most
frequently been presented in the US is that an evil dictator is oppressing
his people, that we have to punish the dictator, and enable the people
to form a democratic society. But that is not the essence of what is
going on. Certainly, Bashar al-Assad has done evil things. But the
fundamental issue is between Shias and Sunnis, and between the
various minorities like Druzes, Kurds, Christians most of whom are
on the side of the Shia because theyre afraid of Sunni domination.
So I have felt all along that if one really wanted to stop bloodshed
in Syria, one should look for a solution. Theres no brilliant solution,
but one should look for an outcome in which the various sectarian and
national groups can be more or less autonomous and more or less self-
governing. And that an absolute victory for anybody would lead to a
bloodbath and would lead to the imposition of dictatorial rule.
This is why I have not been in favor of military intervention there.
And Ive also not been in favor of military intervention because in my
somewhat extended life, by now, Ive seen four wars that we entered
with great conviction and found ourselves divided in a very brief period
of time when we couldnt bring them to an end. So I am reluctant to
undertake military measures whose end we cannot describe.
ISAACSON: Do you think that we have been good in the US in the
past few years in having a clear sense of our strategy and strategic
interests in the region?
KISSINGER: The trouble in the Middle East or the challenge in
the Middle East is that there are a number of revolutions going on
simultaneously. There is the long-established confict between the Shia
and the Sunni. There is the confict between the secular and religious
orientation in each country. There is the fact that most of the states
in the Middle East have no history as states but were created in the
1920s in the aftermath of World War I by the powers that concluded
the European War. So we have found it difcult, and many others have
found it difcult, to get an organizing idea of what one is trying to do.
KISSINGER TALKS
GEOPOLITICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
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Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger speaks in conversation with Institute President and CEO Walter Isaacson
at the Institutes 30th Annual Awards Dinner.
ISAACSON: Do the interests of the US and Russia align or confict in
Iran more? And what should we be doing in Iran?
KISSINGER: The American nostalgia is to assume that foreign policy
issues can be solved by conversion, which is to say that the other side
suddenly changes its attitudes and therefore thinks that you dont have
to deal with the actual issue. My answer always is if the crisis or the
challenge has an objective basis, then it must be possible to express the
need for resolving it in some concrete terms.
And that will be the fundamental issue with Iran. Are there no
inherent conficts of national interest with Iran as a national state
maybe the only genuine national state in the region, the one country
that was conquered by the Arabs that did not adopt the language of
the conqueror? From a purely national interest point of view, there
need be no confict between the US and Iran.
But the Iranian nuclear program challenges the stability of the
region. And when it is coupled with a theological state that transcends
the idea of national interest, then that is the essence of the immediate
problem. So the test will be whether it is possible to reduce the Iranian
nuclear program to a level from which it cannot break out rapidly, or at
all. And that will require a serious discussion.
If we can settle the nuclear problem, then on the friction of national
interest there is no real confict between Iran and the US. Now, the
Russian problem, they probably have concluded that the Iranian
nuclear program is too far gone to reverse. And, at any rate, they have
this concern that they become the principal target of Islamic outrage.
So my judgment is that they would be delighted if the nuclear program
could be abolished. But probably they are now focusing, as we seem to
be, on seeing whether the limit can be established. And on that I think
they will cooperate with us.
ISAACSON: How would you manage the rise of China so that they
are allies or at least aligned with us in seeking a stable world order? Or
is it inevitable that there will be some confict that will arise?
KISSINGER: One has to understand the history of China to form
a perception of their foreign policy. The Chinese have considered
themselves for thousands of years as the Central Kingdom. They had
few powerful neighbors at their borders. Until the end of the 19th
century, they had ordered the nations of the world by a tributary
system. They didnt have a foreign ministry until the end of the 19th
century. So when China enters the world, it does so with diferent
premises from us.
At the same time it is often said that this is a situation that is analogous
to the rise of Germany and the position of Great Britain. And there
is some analogy to this. But to my mind, the outbreak of World War
I is one of the greatest disasters maybe the greatest disaster that
befell Western civilization, from which it has never fully recovered. And
none of the leaders who went into this war in 1940 would have done
so had they known what the world would look like in 1980. And when
you look at the sequence of events that brought them there, it was a
series of escalating, seemingly minor crises, each of which was in time
settled, but one of which got out of control.
Its very important that we and China dont slide into such a
relationship. It is also important that China does not have the idea that
we are a declining civilization, because that would make them more
assertive in their conduct. But President Obama and the new Chinese
president have proclaimed that they want to see whether it is possible to
translate a potentially adversarial relationship into a cooperative one. I
agree with that. And I think it should be attempted because well get to
confrontation soon enough if it doesnt work.
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LEADING VOICES
WHO ARE THE SMARTEST
KIDS IN THE WORLD?
Amanda Ripley, journalist and author of The New York Times best-seller
The Smartest Kids in the World, joined Walter Isaacson at the Alma and Joseph
Gildenhorn Book Series this spring to share hopeful lessons from Polands
educational revolution, why kids think its not cool to know math, and what skills
parents should better focus on with their children.
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WALTER ISAACSON: Ive known Amanda Ripley for many years,
and she and I worked together at Time magazine. She was one of the
smartest, most interesting, exciting people Ive ever worked with. So its
my pleasure to have you here.
At Time, she picked up on the education beat just at the right time,
when education was going through lots of transformations the edu-
cation reform movement, technology, and a sort of global sense that
America had to compete on the global stage.
Theres an old-fashioned 20th century concept, which is: Why dont
you go out and actually see whats happening. And Amanda did that.
She went to South Korea, Poland, Finland, [to] actually follow Ameri-
can students who go into those schools. And so this is one of the most
interesting, smartest books about education. Welcome, Amanda.
AMANDA RIPLEY: Thank you so much, Walter. Its a real pleasure
to be here.
ISAACSON: I thought we would
focus actually on one of your three
countries, which is Poland, partly
because it showed the most dramatic
change, partly because, I guess, one
in six kids live in poverty in Poland,
which is somewhat comparable to
the one in fve in the US.
RIPLEY: One of the things that I
learned in educational reporting is
how valuable it is to hear from kids
themselves. So one of the things
that all three American kids I fol-
lowed noticed right away was how
old-fashioned their school facilities
were and rather lackluster in most
cases even in Korea and Finland,
which are very wired places. Toms
school in Gettysburg, [Pennsylva-
nia], for example, had a SMART
Board an interactive digital white-
board in every classroom, and his
Polish high school had no SMART
Board. They didnt have a cafeteria.
You know what Im saying.
Its sort of an aesthetic thing, and who knows what it means, but
it is something you notice when you travel to these other countries, is
that the facilities are often an afterthought, particularly true in Korea
and Poland. But on average, they are not quite as enamored with shiny
objects, I think, as we are.
And thats not to say that iPads wont revolutionize learning, but
theres no evidence that thats happened so far. So that was one inter-
esting thing that they noticed.
ISAACSON: The [Polish] minister of education was a guy named
Handke. And he does an education reform that felt quite similar to what
were trying to do here in terms of rigor and assessment. ... Explain that.
RIPLEY: Every country thats really risen to the top of the world edu-
cationally has run into a kind of economic existential moment where
they are on the brink of becoming something really important and
central to the economy of the world or irrelevant. This is true in
Finland in the 1960s; in Korea, obviously after the war; and in Poland
more recently. In 2000, before the reforms kicked in, Polish 15-year-
olds performed below average for the developed world in a test of
critical thinking and math, reading, and science.
Every country thats really
risen to the top of the world
educationally has run into a
kind of economic existential
moment where they are
on the brink of becoming
something really important
and central to the economy of
the world or irrelevant.
Amanda Ripley,
author of The Smartest Kids in the World
At the same time, this Minister Mirosaw Handke that you
mentioned came in, and he was actually a scientist. He didnt have a
lot of experience with the politics. And this, in retrospect, was seen as
maybe a blessing because he may not have tried to do the things that he
did had he known how hard it would be. But with this economic anxi-
ety, they were able to get lucky and make a series of changes. Theres
basically fve things that they did very quickly.
So one was that they increased teacher training and professional de-
velopment. As you all know, its very hard to say whether thats a good
use of money. It really varies quite a bit and thats true in Poland.
Theyre not sure how helpful that was. And then they instituted a more
rigorous set of core standards for what kids should know. So this may
sound familiar.
ISAACSON: It sounds familiar on the Common Core. But they were
not only more rigorous, and Im sorry to keep interrupting, but this
is important as we tried to do this in
the US. There were not as many of
them. It was fewer core standards
[and] deeper.
RIPLEY: Deeper, right. So its more
coherent. This is true in almost every
top-performing education country.
At some point everybody has kind
of huddled up and come up with a
list of more coherent, deeper, fewer
things everyone should know at every
grade level.
Now, usually that means leaving
teachers a lot of autonomy about
methods. And that is the next thing
they did in Poland. They gave
teachers a little more freedom to
choose their own textbooks, curric-
ulum, that kind of thing. It wasnt a
ton of freedom, but more than they
had before.
Then the next thing they did was
institute a series of standardized
tests although signifcantly fewer
than we have here to see how
kids were doing at diferent sorts of milestones along the way
aligned to these standards.
And then the last thing they did and this turned out to be the
most important was that they delayed tracking their kids. Most
countries, including the US, divide kids up based on mobility at some
point and give them diferent content, right?
In Poland, which is like many countries, they would send kids at
age 15 to vocational schools or more academic university tracks. It
turns out, all around the world, the longer you wait to do this, the
later you keep all kids together, the better all kids do. Its kind of
counterintuitive in some ways, but it does seem to elevate the expec-
tations of everyone involved.
ISAACSON: Its also somewhat intuitive that if youre told, OK,
youve been left behind, youre not going to be as good of a student.
RIPLEY: Yeah. On the other hand, youd think maybe for the
more advanced kids, that might hold them back, right, to keep
everybody together.
And thats not typically what you see. Anyway, they delayed this in
Poland from age 15 to 16. And this was very controversial, as you can
imagine, all these things were.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
So, again, hard to say whats causing what here. But they saw this
huge lift. So in 2003, Poland was then at average for the developed
world, a signicant increase in their Program for International Student
Assessment (PISA) results. In 2006, they started to creep up, and up,
and up. In 2012, they are above average for the developed world, well
above, the US.
ISAACSON: Wait, go back, and repeat that. They are well above
the US?
RIPLEY: Yes, well above the US.
ISAACSON: Having started well behind, and its only been a decade?
RIPLEY: Right, which is wild. And to me, this is it, the whole reason
to talk about this stu because its hopeful.
[Poland]s a complicated country. This is a place thats complicated
and di cult, and by the way, spends dramatically less per student on
K through 12 education.
And they continued. This is the other thing that I think sometimes
people forget. This doesnt just end. They again adjusted their com-
mon core standards in 2009, giving teachers yet still more autonomy
and making them even more, kind of, coherent. Math is a particular
weakness of Americans at every age level, including adults, compared
to their peers around the world and at every socioeconomic level,
which is interesting. This is not true with reading. So I think its im-
portant not to exaggerate and say were really terrible at everything
because were not. Were pretty much average, and were a little below
average in math and science.
And if you look at even our richest kids, our top quartile of most
a uent American 15-year-olds with educated parents, you know,
SMART Boards all around and all these advantages, those kids score
below their a uent peers in 26 other countries in math on the PISA.
ISAACSON: Wow.
RIPLEY: This, to me, is an undernoticed fact that I think should wake
people up to the idea that while our poverty issue is real and wrenching
and urgent, and while our gap in scores by race is heartbreaking, this is
something that goes through our whole country especially, in math.
So I feel like you have to see the whole picture if youre going to x it.
ISAACSON: I have a theory which Ill put out. You could be a
smart, well-educated, well-rounded person, and you would nev-
er dare joke that you dont know Picasso or Shakespeare. But you
can say, I dont the dierence between a dierential equation and
a polynomial, or the dierence between a gene and a chromosome,
and somehow its socially acceptable for adults in this country to al-
most be proud of the fact that they dont know calculus or they cant
do math.
You sort of feel that Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson wouldve
thought you were a Philistine if you didnt keep up with math
and science.
RIPLEY: I see it in my own kid, who attends public school in DC,
and reading is like science. You know, there are levels and dier-
entiated groups and a lot of back and forth with the parents and
everyone knows whether they do it or not, youre supposed to read
to your kid, right?
What is your role as a parent of a young child in math? You dont
know because no one is telling you, right? But in other countries, there
is a role for parents to talk about numbers to use numbers like puz-
zles with little kids from the time they are very small. I dont know what
the answer is as to where that disconnect happened.
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LOCAL
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ON LEADERSHIP+ACTION
In his 2013 State of the Union address, President Barack Obama told
Congress that if it did not lead on energy and climate legislation, he would
use his executive powers to move the country forward. Four months after
making that promise, the president issued his frst comprehensive climate
action plan. It contains more than 70 specifc initiatives ranging from
the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions from power plants to helping
communities adapt to climate disruption.
Today, the president has 200 more clean energy ideas on his desk as
the result of a project Ive been privileged to lead at the Center for the
New Energy Economy (CNEE) in partnership with the Aspen Institute.
In March 2013, I was invited to the White House at the suggestion of
Institute President and CEO Walter Isaacson, along with 13 other
corporate CEOs, energy experts from academia, and environmental
leaders. We spoke to the president and his team about what else they
could do to move the nation closer to a clean energy economy.
We came away with the assignment to convene thought leaders from
across the US to develop more ideas for the president in fve areas of
energy policy: doubling the nations energy productivity, fnancing
renewable energy technologies, helping utilities develop new business
models for the 21st century, ensuring responsible natural gas production,
and developing alternative fuels and vehicles.
In the following eight months, we engaged more than 100 experts
including Aspen Institute Energy and Environment Executive Director
David Monsma and Senior Fellow Jack Riggs in fve roundtables
hosted on the Aspen Meadows campus. Many more took part in peer
reviews. The result is a report titled Powering Forward: Presidential
and Executive Agency Actions to Drive Clean Energy in America
(poweringforwardplan.org).
The CNEE team returned to the White House in January 2014 to
brief the presidents cabinet and, shortly thereafter, released Powering
Forward to the public. Since then, weve met with leaders of several
cabinet agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency
and the Department of Energy, and we continue to add insight to the
recommendations in our report.
What we found is heartening. President Obama has a toolbox full
of authorities to act on energy and climate. Some powers have been
delegated to the executive branch by past Congresses. Others have
been established in precedent by previous presidents. Some leaders in
BY BILL RITTER JR.
At President Barack Obamas request, Institute President and CEO
Walter Isaacson gathered former Colorado Gov. Bill Ritter and 13 other
top energy policy analysts for a White House meeting to help inform
the direction of climate-related policy.
OBAMA POWERS FORWARD
ON CLEAN ENERGY
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_PDF-leadership_5-27-14_kss_e.indd 38 6/3/14 8:24 AM
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Indeed, the administration implemented
historic increases in fuel economy standards
for vehicles of all sizes. In sum, it is fair to
say that President Obama has done more
to avert climate change than any of his
predecessors, although presidents since
1965 have been advised that greenhouse
gas emissions could produce irreversible
changes in the climate.
I also dont want to give the impression
that Powering Forward steered clear of
disagreements with the president. It did not.
We disagreed, for example, with President
Obamas all of the above slogan regarding
our nations energy policy. We argued that an
indiscriminate energy policy is incompatible
with his commitments on climate change.
But unlike many White Houses in the past,
where advisers insulated presidents from new
ideas, President Obama and his team are not
only working overtime on their own ambitious
clean energy agenda, but they are also requesting
input on how they can do even more. Powering
Forward is one such set of recommendations,
and our team felt privileged to submit them.
Bill Ritter Jr. was the 41st governor of Colorado and
currently acts as the director of the Center for the New
Energy Economy at Colorado State University.
Each summer, the Institutes Energy and Environment
Program convenes several high-level energy and water
policy forums: one on domestic power generation, a
forum on global oil and gas, and the Clean Energy
Forum focused on transitioning to an economically viable
future powered by clean energy. This July, with support
from the Rodel Foundation and the Cynthia and George
P. Mitchell Foundation, the Institute will establish a
new forum to discuss regulatory policies and industry
practices needed to ensure the environmentally responsible
development and prudent production of natural gas. For
more, go to aspeninstitute.org/epf.
Congress are pushing back with complaints that
the president is overstepping his authority. After
our research and work on this project, I would
submit that the president is complying with the
body of laws that contain clear statements of
congressional intent. In essence, those laws state
that climate change is an urgent issue requiring
federal leadership.
In the Global Climate Protection Act of
1987, the National Environmental Education
Act, and the landmark National Environmental
Policy Act, Congress has repeated time and
again the need to address environmental issues
that are worldwide in scale and the importance
of this nations stewardship responsibilities for
the globe.
Among its many recommendations,
Powering Forward includes some that
would change the way the US government
does business. We emphasized how, as the
nations biggest energy consumer, the federal
government can use even more energy
efciency and renewable energy technologies to
reach economies of scale that lower the price of
clean energy for everyone. We recommended
that the administration begin using state-of-
the-art full-cost analysis to count the economic,
social, and environmental impacts of our
energy choices a process that would help
ensure that national energy policy serves the
public interest rather than special interests.
It is too early to assess the contribution
Powering Forward will make to the presidents
leadership on these issues, but the early signs are
exciting. We recommended, for example, that
the administration develop a national strategy to
reduce methane leaks in the natural gas industry,
a signifcant source of greenhouse gas emissions.
Energy Secretary Ernest Moniz now has
begun a series of stakeholder roundtables to help
resolve the issue.
We ofered ideas on how the administration
can trigger more capital investment in clean
energy from the private sector. Presidential
adviser John Podesta now acknowledges that
private sector investment was left out of the
presidents plan and will be added.
In recounting the events of the last year, I
do not want to leave the impression that the
president has only recently begun tackling
climate and energy security. On the contrary,
he has been using nearly every authority at his
disposal since the frst weeks of his presidency,
while opponents in Congress have been trying
to take away his authority. He has established
unprecedented goals for energy efciency and
renewable energy in the federal government.
The US military, always a test bed of new
technologies for the countrys economy, has long
planned to obtain 25 percent of its energy from
renewable resources by 2025.
We argued that an
indiscriminate energy
policy is incompatible
with [the presidents]
commitments on
climate change.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
THE COMMON CORES
UNSUNG BENEFIT
BY ROSS WIENER, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, ASPEN INSTITUTE EDUCATION AND SOCIETY PROGRAM
The Common Core has started to take political fak from the right
and the left. Conservatives worry about the overreach of federal
incentives, while unions dont want the standards connected to teacher
evaluations. What is being lost? The standards signifcant emphasis
on reinvigorating the democratic purpose of public education. Making
good on this promise presents a once-in-a-generation opportunity to
redefne and reprioritize the special role that schools play in preparing
students for active civic participation.
These new educational goals emphasize higher-level abilities: analysis
and critical thinking, marshaling evidence and making arguments,
collaboration and problem-solving, and communicating clearly. The
stated focus of the Common Core to prepare students who are
college- and career-ready advances one fundamental purpose of
public education: preparing students for productive employment and
economic self-sufciency.
But Common Core is not just about college- and career-readiness.
It is also deeply and explicitly focused on preparing students for the
rights and responsibilities of citizenship. And while many skills are
transferable across the domains of college, career, and citizenship, the
commitment in the Common Core to the democratic mission of public
schools goes much deeper.
The Common Core identifes three texts and only three
texts that every American student must read: the Declaration
of Independence, the US Constitution (Preamble and Bill of
Rights), and Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address. The
foundational documents of American democracy are what bind us
together as a people, and the only texts Common Core expects every
single American to study; everything else students read in school is
determined by local educators.
Acknowledging the explicit prioritization of the Declaration of
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Independence and the US Constitution can
recenter the political debate on the merits
of Common Core. These documents are
embraced across the country and across the
political spectrum because they represent the
common ground and shared commitments
that unite us as Americans. Understanding
them is at the core of why public schools were
created in the frst place. Closely reading and
deeply comprehending these documents is
essential to Thomas Jefersons vision that
public schools should enable every American
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
to understand his duties to his neighbors
and country and to scrutinize the actions of
public ofcials with diligence, candor, and
judgment. More recently, former Supreme
Court Justice Sandra Day OConnor
wrote that the better educated citizens are,
the better equipped they will be to preserve
the system of government we have. ...
Knowledge about our government is not
handed down through the gene pool. Every
generation has to learn it, and we have some
work to do.
The foundational documents of American
democracy are ... the only texts Common
Core expects every single American to
study; everything else students read in
school is determined by local educators.
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THE FRONTI ER
OF WHAT S NEXT.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
In addition to calling for students to read and understand the
foundational documents of American democracy, Common Core
emphasizes the skills students need in order to apply this knowledge.
For example, the high school English-Language Arts standards require
students to:
Analyze 17th-, 18th-, and 19th-century foundational US
documents of historical and literary signifcance (including the
Declaration of Independence, the Preamble to the Constitution,
the Bill of Rights, and Lincolns Second Inaugural Address) for
their themes, purposes, and rhetorical features;
Delineate and evaluate the reasoning in seminal US texts, including
the application of constitutional principles and use of legal reasoning
(e.g., in US Supreme Court majority opinions and dissents) and the
premises, purposes, and arguments in works of public advocacy
(e.g., the Federalist Papers, presidential addresses); and
Analyze seminal US documents of historical and literary
signifcance (e.g., Washingtons Farewell Address, the Gettysburg
Address, Roosevelts Four Freedoms Speech, Kings Letter from
a Birmingham City Jail).
The Common Core defnes a literate American as having the ability
to understand and evaluate the acts of government and to determine
independently whether arguments accord with our governments
structure, purpose, and history. The standards posit that a high-school
graduate should be able to understand Supreme Court opinions and
dissents and decide for him or herself whether the Court arrived at the
right decision.
In addition to focusing on building students understanding of
civically important content, Common Core articulates standards for
speaking and listening that develop students ability to participate in
democratic debate:
Work with peers to promote civil, democratic discussions and
decision-making; set clear goals and deadlines; and establish
individual roles as needed.
Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that
probe reasoning and evidence; ensure a fair hearing for a full
range of positions on a topic or issue; clarify, verify, or challenge
ideas and conclusions; and promote divergent and creative
perspectives.
These skills analyze, delineate, evaluate, communicate, challenge
ideas, promote divergent perspectives are without a doubt valuable on
college campuses, as well as in many modern, knowledge-economy
careers. But the deliberate choice to defne these advanced literacy skills
by illustrating their application to seminal texts of American democracy
highlights Common Cores dual purpose of also preparing students for
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
the increasing intellectual demands of citizenship
in a complex world. Educating young people for
citizenship should feature prominently in how we
talk and think about the Common Core.
The standards do not cover all the content or
address all aspects of civics education, and they
certainly are not a panacea for all that ails civics
education. But the Common Core makes an
essential claim regarding American education:
Preparing young people for government of the
people, by the people, for the people means more
than a course in government or civics, and more
than basic skills in reading and math. To enjoy
the privileges and shoulder the responsibilities
of citizenship, young Americans must master the
content and analytic processes needed to fully
participate in democratic processes. While some
of this is undoubtedly covered in good history and
civics classes, the innovation of Common Core is
to explicitly connect knowledge of the principles
and rules on which American democracy is based
with the development of the practical skills in
reading, writing, speaking, and listening, as well
as in math, that students need to be discerning,
empowered citizens.
Studying seminal documents of our democracy
and the analytical approaches needed to deeply
comprehend their meaning does not privilege any
particular political position. Schools, of course,
should never seek to impose or encourage fealty to
any party or faction. Quite the opposite: Common
Core envisions every American possessing a
personal understanding of the Declaration of
Independence and the US Constitution so they
can make their own judgments about what these
documents mean.
Educating young people for citizenship should
feature prominently in how we talk and think
about the Common Core. And citizenship
should be part of how students are tested on the
standards: At least one writing task on the high-
school language arts assessment should engage
students in analyzing and arguing an issue with
reference to at least one foundational document
of American democracy, among other texts.
Taking these steps will not directly address the
immediate political challenges Common Core
is confronting right now. But these signals will
make it more likely that states, districts, and
schools implement Common Core in a way that
reinvigorates the democratic purposes of public
education, and this could ultimately pave a path
back to bipartisan support for education policy.
This piece was rst published under the title The
Common Cores Unsung Benet: It Teaches Kids to Be
Good Citizens on theatlantic.com.
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John@JohnSarpa.com
John Sarpa my close
connection with the Aspen
Institute began 25 years ago
when I co-chaired a group of
dedicated leaders of various
nonprot organizations to
successfully rezone the Aspen
Meadows. That was a key step
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Since then I have been involved
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real estate developments and
home purchases. Please let me
help you make your real estate
investment in the mountains so
that you too may experience
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joys so unique to Aspen.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
THE HIDDEN POTENTIAL OF THE DIASPORA
Engaging diaspora communities has long been heralded as a strategic
underpinning to drive economic growth in emerging economies. The
rationale is clear: Diaspora yield signifcant capital resources, and they
are willing to invest in perceived high-risk markets that hold personal
and familial connections.
In 2011, as the Arab World was erupting in revolution, the Institute
launched a public-private partnership to forge a new beginning
with 10 Muslim-majority countries across the region. Driven by
infuential stakeholders at the intersection of business, civil society,
and government, Partners for a New Beginning was sustained through
this incredibly turbulent time by the resolve of Middle East diaspora
communities in the US and across the world.
While North Africa wrestled with social unrest, the Partnership led
an entrepreneurship delegation to the region consisting of leading
diaspora early-stage investors. In Jordan, our partner Usama Fayyad,
former chief data ofcer at Yahoo!, decided to return to his homeland
to set up the regions premier accelerator, Oasis 500. In Tunisia today,
diaspora members are playing a key role in bringing large international
investors to the table. These are just a few of many examples of
diaspora members enduring risk to drive economic growth.
Despite the evident success of this model, the development
community has lacked a coordinated approach to encouraging
and facilitating diaspora-led social impact investment. Rockefeller
Foundation President Judith Rodin recognized this gap as a profound
opportunity. She approached the Institute to launch a breakthrough
pilot initiative exploring innovations to unlock the potential of diaspora
investment as an engine for economic growth in the developing world.
In February 2014, the Foundation and Institute together convened
the frst high-level meeting with stakeholders from the public and
private sector, including experts in diaspora relations from around
the world. The meeting provided a forum to test possible solutions to
address this gap.
As a result, the Rockefeller-Aspen Diaspora Program, which is
housed at the Institute, is a unique collaboration between multiple
policy programs: the Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs,
Middle East Programs, the Global Alliances Program, the Aspen
Global Health and Development Program, and the Rockefeller
Foundations work in impact investing. By leveraging the best practices
and networks across these programs, this latest addition is uniquely
positioned to help transform how diaspora communities engage and
leverage impact investment back home.
Given that diaspora communities around the world send home
three times more money than total global development assistance
($414 billion versus a projected $127 billion in 2013), the potential
for this work is huge. The new pilot program is already working to
establish a systematic, facilitated, and clear path for diasporas to invest
in their communities at signifcant scale and in a sustainable way. At
a time when the Middle East has witnessed unprecedented turmoil,
the methodology established by Partners for a New Beginning, now
being tested by the Rockefeller-Aspen Diaspora Program, indicates
that diasporas are willing to invest when others wont and stay patient
when others dont.
Toni Verstandig is chair of the Aspen Institute Middle East Programs and senior vice
president at the S. Daniel Abraham Center for Middle East Peace.
Alexander Dixon is the director of the Rockefeller-Aspen Diaspora initiative.
BY TONI VERSTANDIG AND ALEXANDER DIXON
TRUSTED
FOR THE
DECISIONS
THAT
MATTER
MOST.
thomsonreuters.com
2014 Thomson Reuters 1006659/4-14
Thomson Reuters and the Kinesis logo are trademarks of Thomson Reuters.
transforming
the future of
health care
The Mount Sinai Health System is committed to providing outstanding care, conducting transformative
research, and advancing biomedical education.
Mount Sinai serves one of the most diverse patient populations in the United States and is a medical
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Sport for All, Play for Life
Aspen Institute
Sports and Society
Program Director and
ESPN Reporter Tom
Farrey delves into the
importance of access
to youth sports and the
mission of the programs
Project Play.
The Institute Teaches
Teens to Lead
From using tools such as
choreography and poetry
slams to providing
platforms for solving
some of the worlds most
pressing problems, the
Institute trains a growing
number of teens to
make an impact in their
own communities and
beyond.
Why You Don't Have the
Full Story on Developing
Countries
On-the-ground experts
are rarely heard from
in Western media. The
Institute created a
Fellowship to change that.
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_PDF-SPORTS-5-27_MH_E.indd 52 5/27/14 4:54 PM
Los Angeles Laker Kobe Bryant
and President Bill Clinton talk
about the value of youth sports
at the ESPN/Clinton Foundation
Town Hall, presented with
the Aspen Institute.
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IMAGINE IF EVERY CHILD HAD A CHANCE TO PLAY SPORTS. TO KNOW THE CAMARADERIE
OF A TEAM, THE FEELING OF A GAME-WINNING SHOT, OR THE PERSEVERANCE TO SHAVE
SECONDS OFF A PERSONAL BEST. TO EXPERIENCE ALL OF THE BENEFITS PHYSICAL, SOCIAL,
EMOTIONAL, COGNITIVE AVAILABLE TO HUMAN BEINGS WHO SIMPLY MOVE THEIR BODY ON
A REGULAR BASIS. IF YOU WERE OR ARE AN ATHLETE, THINK ABOUT HOW YOUR LIFE HAS BEEN
SHAPED BY THE OPPORTUNITY. NOW IMAGINE THE BENEFITS TO COMMUNITIES EVERYWHERE
IF ALL KIDS PLAYED SPORTS, GIVEN THAT RESEARCH SHOWS THE ADOLESCENTS WHO DO
ARE EIGHT TIMES MORE LIKELY TO BE ACTIVE AS YOUNG ADULTS THAN ADOLESCENTS WHO
DO NOT. IMAGINE CITIES THAT ARE HEALTHIER, MORE VIBRANT, AND GREENER WITH MORE
PARK SPACE AND TRAILS. HOW DO WE GET THERE?
Presented with
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_PDF-SPORTS-5-27_MH_E.indd 54 6/3/14 8:09 AM
OBESE
PHYSICALLY INACTIVE
CHILDREN ARE TWICE
AS LIKELY TO BECOME

AS ADULTS.
Opposite page, clockwise from left: Olympic track and eld gold
medal-winner Allyson Felix, former NFL running back Herschel Walker,
MLB centerelder Matt Kemp, and the Clinton Foundations Chelsea
Clinton joined the Town Hall to discuss the challenges facing youth sports.
This is the question that informs the Aspen Institutes Project
Play, a once-in-a-generation opportunity to reimagine youth
sports in America. Launched in 2013 by the Sports and Society
Program, the initiative has engaged more than 200 thought leaders
from the realms of sports, medicine, media, business innovation,
government, and philanthropy in events where breakthrough
strategies can be shared, shaped, and scaled. In January, President
Bill Clinton, Kobe Bryant, Olympic track and feld gold-
medal winner Allyson Felix, and other top athletes and leaders
came together to join the Project Play conversation for a town hall
meeting at the Clinton Health Matters Conference that ESPN
turned into an hour of prime-time television.
Years from now, I suspect well look back at the town hall as
the day the issue of access to sports for all kids was placed on the
national agenda. If you live in a middle- or upper-income area,
it would be easy to think youth sports have never been bigger.
Today, we place 3-year-olds in uniforms, 6-year-olds on travel
teams, 9-year-olds in year-round training, and 12-year-olds on
airplanes headed halfway across the country for tournaments we
hope will ensure their place in the college scholarship pipeline.
Lost in the mania is the fact that only three in 10 kids between the
ages of 6 and 17 play sports on a regular basis, according to the
annual survey of US homes conducted by the Sports & Fitness
Industry Association. Half dont play even once a year.
President Clinton understands the hazards of a nation with
sports haves and have-nots, where we sort the weak from the
strong at ever-earlier ages, leaving many kids locked out or
shutout. I was always involved, Clinton said. Everybody I knew
when I was young played team sports, even if we had to make
up the games. I played softball and touch football, and not-touch
football, and basketball. There were church leagues for people
like me who [werent top athletes]. It was considered normal to
play, and everyone participated whether they were very good or
not. And I think thats very important because the benefts fowed
to everybody.
The need to lower the barriers to an early positive experience is
of absolute importance. Sport has been a tool of nation-building
and child development for more than a century, originally
promoted by Teddy Roosevelt and his contemporaries. But
the way it is experienced has changed dramatically over the past
generation. Clinton talked about spending years on the vacant lot
behind the town cemetery in Hope, Arkansas, making up games
with friends (and negotiating the playground politics). The era
of sandlot ball is largely gone. Today, organized competition
dominates, with adults making most of the decisions and holding
tryouts that aggregate the best young athletes long before they
grow into their body and interests.
Support has shifted away from in-town recreation leagues, as
well as from school physical education, recess, and intramurals,
often the only sport options for the economically or physically
disadvantaged, the child of a single parent, the late bloomer, and
the kid who needs exercise as much or more than any other the
clinically obese. One-third of all children today are overweight or
obese, six times the rate of the 1970s.
FALLING SPORT
PARTICIPATION

On balance, millions of kids are
fleeing sports. In just one year,
from 2011 to 2012, participation in
team sports in any form casual,
regular, or frequent
fell from 54% to 50%
among children ages 6 to 17.
SFIA Team Sports Report, 2013
Since 2007, the number of
core participants at all ages.
DOWN
21.7%
DOWN
13.8%
11.6m 4.2m 9m 3.7m
2007
2007
2012
2012
DOWN
9.4%
18m 16.6m
2007
2012
Designed to Move
[Sports] made a huge diference to me because it made me feel
comfortable with being with other people, Clinton said. A lot of
kids are just uncomfortable in school. And you play a few games,
and youre not so uncomfortable anymore. Its a way of belonging.
Its a way of having a common language without having to open
your mouth.
Bryant learned this frsthand, as the son of a basketball pro
who spent much of his career in Europe. I grew up in Italy,
moved there when I was 6 years old, he said. When I got
there, I didnt know a lick of Italian. Im trying to get to know
these kids, but there are these cultural diferences that exist, the
language barrier being the frst of them. So sports was a universal
language. Through sports, I was able to make friends, hang out,
and have a good time.
By the time Bryant returned to the US at age 13, he also had
the athletic foundation to become one of the greatest basketball
players of all time. Thats because, in Italy, he was exposed to
youth coaches who focused on developing fundamental skills,
rather than chase second-grade Amateur Athletic Union
national championships (Yes, those now exist here.). He also
played lots of soccer, which helped his footwork, and pickup ball,
a venue where creativity and experimentation are rewarded, not
punished. Today, Bryant said, I see a lot of kids getting burned
out, and early at 12, 13 years old. Theres too much pressure
on kids to be the next greatest thing, instead of just letting them
have a good time and have fun and play.
The goal of Project Play is to give stakeholders, from parents to
policymakers, the tools to build what we call Sport for All, Play
for Life Communities. Its a wildly ambitious thought exercise
that keeps me up at night because it involves systems change, but
one that all the right players have rallied around from the US
Olympic Committee to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation,
Nike to the Presidents Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition.
At the town hall, the USOC introduced its frst-ever vision
statement for youth sports refecting many of the themes
expressed by Clinton and Bryant, and pledged to work with
its 47 afliated national sport governing bodies to anchor our
disjointed sport system in the principles of age-appropriate play.
At Google in February, a Project Play roundtable brainstormed
four big tech ideas that could help kids get of the couch
without running them into the ground.
Next up: Our Aspen Institute Project Play report, due at the
end of the year, will ofer up a cross-sector plan of action and
set of recommendations that will allow youth sport to serve the
interests of all children in all communities. It is possible to build
a culture of health through sports, because sport is the most
attractive form of physical activity for kids. They just want to play,
but they need access to the three Ps: People (trained coaches and
administrators), Places (nearby parks and gyms), and Programs
(appropriate to age, gender, culture, income level).
That, and maybe one less P.
Parents who feel their only option, in loving their kid, is to join
the youth sports arms race.
Tom Farrey is director of the Aspen Institutes Sports and Society Program. He is
also an enterprise reporter whose work with ESPN has won the highest honors in
broadcast journalism, including the 2014 Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University
Award and 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award. He is author of the book, Game
On: The All-American Race to Make Champions of Our Children.
1980
1980
2010
2010
OBESITY RATES

EVERYBODY I KNEW WHEN I WAS YOUNG PLAYED TEAM SPORTS,
EVEN IF WE HAD TO MAKE UP THE GAMES. ... THERE WERE CHURCH LEAGUES
FOR PEOPLE LIKE ME WHO [WERENT TOP ATHLETES]. IT WAS CONSIDERED
NORMAL TO PLAY, AND EVERYONE PARTICIPATED WHETHER THEY WERE
VERY GOOD OR NOT. AND I THINK THATS VERY IMPORTANT BECAUSE THE
BENEFITS FLOWED TO EVERYBODY. PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON
Childhood obesity rates have nearly
tripled. The percentage of children
ages 6 to 11 who are obese increased
from 7 percent in 1980 to 18 percent
in 2010; among children ages 12 to 19,
that figure grew from 5 percent to
18 percent.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
7%
6-11 YEARS 12-19 YEARS
18%
5%
8%

100
200
300
400
500
600

- Too Fat to Fight, 2012
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EVERYBODY I KNEW WHEN I WAS YOUNG PLAYED TEAM SPORTS,
EVEN IF WE HAD TO MAKE UP THE GAMES. ... THERE WERE CHURCH LEAGUES
FOR PEOPLE LIKE ME WHO [WERENT TOP ATHLETES]. IT WAS CONSIDERED
NORMAL TO PLAY, AND EVERYONE PARTICIPATED WHETHER THEY WERE
VERY GOOD OR NOT. AND I THINK THATS VERY IMPORTANT BECAUSE THE
BENEFITS FLOWED TO EVERYBODY. PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON
_PDF-kids_teens_5/27/14_mh_h.indd 58 5/28/14 12:01 PM
When the Aspen Institute launched in 1949, among other things, it set out to
bring values-based leadership to the executive suite through its signature seminar
program. Over the ensuing decades, not only did business leaders and politicians,
philanthropists, and policy experts gain access to this unique type of education,
but in recent years, so, too, have those set to inherit the innovations and issues
created by the generations before them. Many programs at the Institute concentrate
on the policies that affect the future for children and teens, but several projects
offer concrete experience to those who will have to nd their own inspiration and
solutions to move the world into the future. We check in on the Institute programs
helping to shape the leaders of tomorrow by focusing on teens today.
INSTITUTE PROGRAMS GIVE HANDS-ON TRAINING TO THE NEXT GENERATION.
Clockwise from top left: Teens continue to be the focus of Institute leadership programs, including those such as the Bezos Scholars,
Teen Socrates, the Aspen Challenge, the Arts Programs Creative Movement Education Project, the Center for Native American Youths
Champions for Change, Hurst Student Seminars, and the Aspen Writers Foundations Poetry Slam project.
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Over the past year, the Aspen Institute Arts Program has been conducting a
series of hands-on, replicable arts education workshops. The goal: to extend the
impact of Turnaround Arts, a program launched in cooperation with the US
Department of Education and the White House Domestic Policy Council with
the aim of narrowing the achievement gap and increasing student engagement
through the arts. The projects have brought Turnaround Arts students to New
York City from some of the nations lowest-performing and highest-poverty
schools. Students have hailed from as far as Lame Deer, Montana, the tribal
headquarters of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, while others
came from closer communities such as Bridgeport, Connecticut, and Roxbury,
Massachusetts. Arts Program Director Damian Woetzel has convened these
initiatives in partnership with the Presidents Committee on the Arts and
Humanities, on which he serves.
Elizabeth Diller, 2012 Aspen Institute Harman-Eisner Artist-in-Residence
and a principal partner in Diller Scofdio + Renfro, the architecture frm that
designed the High Line in Manhattan, helped conceive the frst workshop in
the series, the High Line Arts Education Project. Each student participant
received a simple digital camera and spent one day learning about and
interacting with the High Line, a reclaimed railroad corridor turned into a
highly designed green space running alongside the New York City skyline. The
invited teens were asked to look for hidden and overlooked elements within the
park, and express what captured their interests using their own voices. Students
were asked to limit themselves to taking 10 digital photos, and then to further
curate those photos down to a presentation of the three that best expressed
their understanding of the architectural marvel.
At the conclusion of the day, Diller and Woetzel invited students to present
their work, ofering suggestions to the young photographers. Back at school,
students continued to refne and develop their portfolios, writing poems
The Arts Program
Crafts Curriculum to
Unlock Potential
Turnaround Arts students gather for a photographic exploration of the High Line in New
York City. Opposite page: Actor Bill Irwin works with teens at The New Victory Theater
for the Aspen Institute Arts Programs Creative Movement Education Project.
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inspired by the photos they had taken, curating an in-school exhibit,
and posting their work online on various platforms to serve as a
project model for schools around the country. Beyond the artistic
endeavor, which motivated the students to fnd and value their own
voices, building a prototype of this project for replication ofered an
opportunity for each teen to take a leadership role in building an
arts education curriculum.
The themes of curation, expression, selection, and empowerment
were also woven through the Arts Programs Creative Movement
Education Project, convened in January 2014 in partnership
with award-winning actor Bill Irwin and The New Victory
Theater. Woetzel, Irwin, and National Dance Institute Associate
Artistic Director Tracy Straus led students in a workshop on
choreography, improvisation, and creative composition. Over
the course of the afternoon, students developed their abilities to
take diferent ways of expressing themselves movement, music,
words and order them in original ways, applying critical processes
including discriminating, distinguishing, and synthesizing material
to make creative expression.
The New Victory Theaters education department is now working
in tandem with the Arts Program to create an arts integration lesson
plan out of the days activities, which will meet recognized learning
standards. The unit lesson plans will be published and distributed
in classrooms around the country, along with video tutorials and
instructions for classroom teachers.
The takeaway that I look for in the kids eyes is possibility,
said Woetzel. That they had something to say, they adapted, they
learned, and they are able to approach their lives and their classwork
and everything they do with that sense of adventure that really is
the artistic habit of the mind. An education is incomplete without
the arts in it, and we are working to develop the methods and the
skills that integrate the arts into every classroom in America.
By Aspen Institute Arts Program Staf
There seems to be a
storytelling gene inside of
human beings. Its one of the
central human crafts. These kids
tapped right into it.
Bill Irwin, on the Creative Movement Education Project
Currently in its 10th year, the Bezos Scholars Program is a
yearlong leadership development program for public high
school juniors and educators. It begins with a scholarship to
attend the Aspen Ideas Festival and continues through the
following school year as Bezos Scholar teams return home
to launch sustainable Local Ideas Festivals to transform their
schools and communities in profound ways.
Even after a decade, we continue to be amazed by what
our scholars accomplish, said Mike Bezos, vice president
of the Bezos Family Foundation and Institute Trustee. At
frst, they are daunted by the challenge, but once they fnd
their passion and their voice, they realize that creating lasting
change is within their grasp. To watch this transformation is
absolutely inspirational.
Scholar teams have mobilized communities around a range
of critical issues, including water scarcity, environmental
conservation, literacy, STEM education, arts education,
access to healthier food, and more.
One example: After returning home from the Festival,
Student Scholar Chris Sabbagh and Educator Scholar
Naomi Brown had a big idea and a bold vision. Through
months of hard work, that vision was realized as the duo stood
in Fort Bend County, at the Texas Sugar Land Town Square
welcoming hundreds of teens, families, and community
members to the frst-ever voter registration festival, called the
Power of ONE. Their Local Ideas Festival was a culmination
of the communitywide efort to register more than 600 voters
and increase civic participation.
By the Bezos Family Foundation
THE BEZOS FAMILY FOUNDATION HAS
AWARDED MORE THAN 150 GRANTS FOR
LOCAL IDEAS FESTIVALS ACROSS THE
COUNTRY AND IN AFRICA.
Bezos Scholars
Create Their Own
Aspen Ideas Festivals
Opposite page, clockwise from top left: Institute Arts Program Director
Damian Woetzel encourages students to teach their peers. Galician
Bagpipe Master Cristina Pato leads students to the High Line in New
York. Architect and former Harman-Eisner Artist-in-Residence Elizabeth
Diller teaches teens to focus their lens on the High Line, a project she
designed. Two students perform at The New Victory Theater as part of
the Creative Movement Education Project.
_PDF-kids_teens_5/27/14_mh_h.indd 63 6/3/14 8:15 AM
Thanks to a generous endowment from the Hurst Family
Foundation, the Institute hosts the Hurst Student Seminars for
high school and middle school students in the Aspen area. These
four-day Great Ideas seminars utilize the classic Aspen Institute
Seminars method of moderated text-based dialogue. Just like the
original seminar created for adults, the middle school counterpart
culminates in a performance of Sophocles Antigone. Attendees
come from the public and private schools in the Roaring Fork
Valley and are chosen by their respective schools based on high
academic achievement.
Students come away from these seminars with a greater capacity
for refective thinking about responsible decisions, core values, and
character. They also gain increased skills in cognitive thinking,
speaking, and writing, as well as improved social and intellectual
confdence. Students say time and time again that the best part of
the seminars is that they get to meet thoughtful peers from their
area, who they would not typically meet, except in a competitive
sports environment.
The best part of the seminar for me was getting to discuss
concepts that I dont normally discuss with people I didnt know
that well, said one eighth-grade student. I loved getting to make
new friends and open my mind.
Prior to coming to the seminar, students prepare by reading a
compilation of classic and contemporary texts. They are asked
to think critically about them prior to and within the seminar
experience. It takes them awhile to understand that what matters
is their openness, their willingness to share ideas and feelings, and
their ability to take risks in trying to understand the authors and
their peers, said veteran Seminar Moderator Lee Bycel. They
quickly understand that this learning environment difers from
school, as they are not graded or evaluated. This frees them to
think about their own values, their own ideas, and how they have
come to the thoughts that they have.
The aim of the seminars is to prepare kids to assume leadership
positions with the tools they need to make values-based decisions,
including the confdence to speak up. I liked that we were all
brought together in an environment where there was little to
no judgment, says an 11th-grade student, and people truly
appreciated what I had to say.
Aspen-Area Students Refect in a
Signature Institute Seminar
I liked that we were all brought together in an
environment where there was little to no judgment and
people truly appreciated what I had to say.
A Roaring Fork Valley-area 11th-grade student
The Hurst Student Seminar for high school students drew teens from across the Roaring Fork Valley, in and around Aspen, Colorado.
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A cornerstone of the leadership training at the Aspen
Institute, the Seminar comes in many forms. All based
on exploration and discussion through readings, some
use a long-held cannon of texts, whereas others diverge,
informed by a topic or goal of those who gather. In 1993,
Trustee Laura Lauder and her husband, Gary the
daughter-in-law and son of Institute Chairman Emeritus
and Lifetime Trustee Leonard Lauder founded the
Socrates seminar with the hope of applying the Institutes
values-based approach to asking important questions on
topics of innovation that stand to shape the future.
As the Socrates seminar attracted a larger and larger
following, they saw an opportunity to extend the roundtable
discussions to 13- to 18-year-olds in a diverse environment,
ofering scholarships for participation and devoted spots for
local Aspen teens. For the tenth Teen Socrates, in February
2014, 25 teens came together on the Aspen Meadows
campus from around the country to take part in the
discussion titled Shakespeare Comes Alive: What the high
drama in two of William Shakespeares works teaches
us about ourselves and our world in 2014.
Over the course of three half-days, students discussed
and analyzed two Shakespeare plays: Henry V and Romeo &
Juliet. Shakespeare experts and moderators Ken and Carol
Adelman led the teens through an exciting journey into
the 16th century, complete with period hats and regalia.
After viewing selected movie scenes, participants
engaged in a lively dialogue about one of Englands most
beloved and greatest kings, young King Henry V, who
faced overwhelming odds yet still won an upset victory in
France at the Battle of Agincourt. His famous win is still
celebrated in England today, and participants discussed
Henrys leadership skills and how he won the battle. I
loved learning about life lessons through Shakespeare,
noted one student. I had no idea that I could relate my
life to Henry V.
Next, the students explored in depth one of Shakespeares
most famous love stories, Romeo & Juliet, and examined the
tragedy and underpinnings of gang violence and the plight of
two teenagers in love. Students grappled with complexities of
family dynamics and dissected the story from the standpoint
of what its like to be a teenager in 2014.
In using the format to identify their values to shape
their world now and in the future, the teens returned
back home with a sense of their own ability to afect their
surroundings. Whether they were considering the era in
which Shakespeare lived or their own, they took away the
idea that leadership matters.
By Cristal Logan, director of Aspen Community Programs
Teen Socrates Examines
Values With a Modern
Lens on Timeless Texts
Students gathered in full 16th century regalia to study
Shakespeare and draw parallels back to their own lives at
the February 2014 convening of Teen Socrates.
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feeling a lot
better after
I did.
Yaqui, a 12th-grader from
Glenwood Springs High School
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Add a sprinkling of hip-hop and a few good dance moves, and it
didnt take long for two teaching artists to win over auditoriums
full of students expecting poetry to be dull. Myrlin Hepworth
and Logan Phillips visited over 3,500 middle and high school
students at a total of 13 schools in the towns of Glenwood Springs,
Carbondale, Basalt, and Aspen including two alternative
high schools, a charter school, and a private school ofering
spoken-word workshops and performing their poetry at all-school
assemblies. These poets brought more to our school in terms
of cultivating spiritual health and well-being than most visiting
psychologists or life coaches ever have, said Aspen Country Day
School English teacher Annie Garrett.
The program is an outgrowth
of the Aspen Writers Foundation,
which was founded in Aspen in
1976 as a cutting-edge poetry
conference and literary magazine.
Today, the Foundation is one
of the nations leading literary
centers and a stage for the worlds
most prominent authors. Its
programs employ literature as
a tool for provoking thought,
broadening perspectives, fostering
connections, inspiring creativity,
and giving voice. Since 2009, the
Foundation has partnered with the
Aspen Institute and deepened its
commitment to reach out to area
teens using programs such as the
Poetry Slam.
Hepworth, the lead Spoken
Word educator and 2013 recipient
of the Arizona Humanities Rising
Star Award, grew up in Lewiston,
Idaho, the son of a Latina mother and Anglo father, often
feeling that he didnt ft in either culture. Phillips was raised
14 miles from the Arizona-Mexico border, majored in Spanish
in college, and, subsequently, was professor of Latin American
literature, culture, and translation at Universidad Internacional
in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, where he co-hosted the
frst Mexican poetry slam in 2007. Both poets brought a
multicultural awareness and sensitivity to their work with
young people. In these Colorado schools some with Latino
populations greater than 50 percent the poems they shared
resonated with students, regardless of background: poems of
identity, poems about immigration and deportation, poems
of love and loss, and poems that ricocheted between Spanish
and English.
Students were encouraged to take risks with their words and
feelings, and to be courageous by sharing out loud. Myrlin was
good at getting us to open up about deep things because he opened
up to us frst, said Coral, a student at Roaring Fork High School in
Carbondale. Because he showed courage, he inspired us to be brave.
During this critical time of development for their students, these
teaching artists helped prepare the teens to lead by securing their
own belief in their abilities. At Aspen Middle School, seventh-
grader Tyler said he learned to be myself and to never give up,
and his classmate Fernando felt valued and respected.
Myrlin believed in me, said Roaring Fork High School student
Anali. He didnt judge me and tell me my dream was impossible.
He made me feel like I had someone
who actually cared about me. I
didnt feel alone.
Thirty-two of the students, ranging
from grades seven through 12, went
on to perform original poems at the
Youth Poetry Slam in Carbondale, an
event that drew an audience of more
than 200 a huge crowd for this
rural area. The winners of the slam
competition were then invited to join
Phillips, Hepworth, and Tony Award-
winning New York performance poet
Lemon Andersen at the historic
Wheeler Opera House in Aspen for
the culminating public event, the
Aloud! High Altitude Poetry Jam.
The audience of friends, family, and
local poetry-slam enthusiasts heard
the result of the weeks emotional
creative process, which more often
than not manifested in electrifying
performances from both the students
and their teachers, who make poetry their lifes work.
One of the fnal events standouts was a 14-year-old girl from
Basalt High School who had lost her mother to suicide just two
weeks prior to the poets visit and her father to deportation some
time before. Karymes poem created an opportunity for her to
release her grief through the art of self-expression. Given the
chance, she, like many other students, seized it. She wasnt alone.
I put a lot of emotion into my poem, said Yaqui, a 12th-grade
student from Glenwood Springs High School. And even though
I never thought I would share it, I ended up feeling a lot better
after I did.
By Barbara Dills, marketing and promotions manager for the Aspen Writers
Foundation
Aspen Writers Foundation Uses
Poetry Slam to Empower Kids
Teens from grades seven through 12 participated in the Aspen Writers Foundations Aloud! High Altitude Poetry Jam at the Wheeler Opera House
in Aspen, Colorado. The event was part of a wider effort to empower Roaring Fork Valley teens through the use of poetry.
the youth met with several members of Congress, including Majority
Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., and Sen. Jon Tester, D-Mont.,
who is the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Indian Afairs.
Students from the initiatives inaugural year even met President
Obama and witnessed his signing of the Violence Against Women
Reauthorization Act an incredibly important piece of legislation in
Indian Country into law.
The Champions are trained in advocacy and fundraising,
among other things, to help catalyze their impact at home. After
a week in DC celebrating her son, one mother, who has rarely had
opportunities to travel or leave their reservation, said, This week is
one of the best experiences I have ever had. It changed my and
my sons life forever.
We are creating scalable impact across tribal and urban Indian
communities by investing in youth, said Erin Bailey, executive
director of the Center. These teens and young adults grow so much
as a part of the Champions for Change initiative, and their leadership
eforts take of when they go back home.
Each Champion serves a two-year term on the Centers Youth
Advisory Board. Their eforts receive greater attention from the
media, donors, and advocates who help expand Champions
programs and grow their capacity for change. Champions join a
pool of young leaders the program taps to speak at national events
throughout the country, such as the 50th Anniversary of the March
on Washington and national Indian conferences. They also organize
their own summits, participate in the United Nations, and so much
more. I think we are the future and the voice of our tribal nations,
said 2013 Champion for Change Dahkota Brown.
By Josie Raphaelito and Ryan Ward, program associates at the Center for Native
American Youth at the Aspen Institute
For the second year, the Center for Native American Youth at the
Aspen Institute has recognized young Native American leaders
ages 14 to 24 making a positive impact in their tribal or urban
Indian communities. Called the Champions for Change initiative,
the project grew out of a partnership with the White House and has
continued at the urging of retired Sen. Byron Dorgan, chairman
and founder of the Center for Native American Youth. He created
the cornerstone initiative to inspire hope among Native American
youth, develop a network of local and national leaders, and, most of
all, celebrate the good news coming from the youngest leaders of First
American communities.
Native American youth have had a more difcult road to
travel, said Dorgan. Too often they have been left behind
by government policies that made grand promises, but failed to
deliver on education, health care, and more. These Champions for
Change are making good things happen by their own initiative, and
we salute them.
The individuals selected as Champions lead life-changing
community-based eforts in a wide range of issue areas including
health promotion, peer-to-peer tutoring, leadership development,
culture and language preservation, and early childhood literacy.
Already viewed as leaders in their communities, the distinction
these young people earn gives them a national platform to
showcase their work and advocate for Native youth priorities.
Once selected, the Champions are recognized through a series
of events and meetings in Washington, DC. Helping to fulfll the
Centers mission, their voices elevate awareness and attract more
resources to beneft the more than 2 million Native American youth
living in the US.
They showcase their youth-led eforts during public events at the
Aspen Institute and on Capitol Hill. In the initiatives second year,
The Center for Native American Youths Ryan Ward prepares Champions to meet with Congress. The Centers Chair Byron Dorgan addresses the
gathered. Opposite page: clockwise from top leftt: The 2014 Class of Champions for Change include Danielle Finn (Standing Rock Sioux), William
Lucero (Lummi Nation), and Elizabeth Burns (Cherokee Nation), Keith Martinez (Oglala Lakota Sioux).
Native American Youth Champion Change
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What brought together more than 350 high school students, their
teachers, principals, and some of the worlds most provocative
and visionary leaders and entrepreneurs in Denver and Los
Angeles? The answer: the Aspen Challenge, a program fueled by
a commitment to developing powerful and creative solutions for
pressing 21st century issues, and engaging young people to do it.
This year, the Aspen Challenge, presented in partnership with
the Bezos Family Foundation and with support from the Moriah
Fund, expanded from one city to two. Students from 20 high
schools across Denver Public Schools and 17 high schools across
the Los Angeles Unifed School District learned frsthand from a
wide group of leaders about problems that have a local and global
impact on their life. These leaders tackle some of the worlds
toughest problems from environmental issues to mental health
and access to nutrition. They spoke candidly with the students
about the pressing issues they are confronting and then challenged
them to create innovative solutions themselves.
Equipped with tools and workshop experiences in design thinking,
storytelling, and character, the students rose to the challenge, and
in only seven weeks, combined inspiration, collaboration, and
hands-on innovation to develop provocative solutions that have the
potential to make a lasting diference. The bar was set high by our
pioneering teams last year, and the impact of their work continues
to resonate in their communities and beyond, said Kitty Boone,
vice president of public programs and director of the Aspen Ideas
Festival and Aspen Challenge. We are thrilled to build on their
momentum and see the impact of what the new teams designed
this year.
Three student teams from Denver Public Schools, representing
CEC Middle College, George Washington High School, and
North High School, won the top prize during the competition that
took place on March 1, at the Cable Center. Judges awarded these
three winning teams an all-expenses-paid opportunity to attend
and present at the 2014 Aspen Ideas Festival. At the Los Angeles
competition this spring, Valley Academy of Arts & Sciences was
selected to showcase its project at the Festival. Awards for Team
Spirit, Best Exhibit, and Impact were given as well.
Our students today will become tomorrows leaders, and how
we prepare them to tackle the 21st-century challenges they will
face will play a key role in how our future unfolds, said Tom
Boasberg, Denver Public Schools superintendent. The Aspen
Challenge is a tremendous opportunity for our students to learn
from experts on a variety of issues and then put that knowledge to
use, solving issues in their own communities.
The team from Denvers CEC Middle College chose
Christopher Gandin Les challenge to improve mental health
by creating safe spaces in the school and local community for
people to share and express their feelings. The team, dubbed
DNA (Denvers Not Alone) created several community-sourced
art projects, launched a community day of dialogue, and a peer
mentorship program.
George Washington High Schools Positive Patriots also
addressed Les challenge, launching the Vow 2 Be Happy campaign,
which utilized an array of digital channels to encourage their peers
to have a positive perspective on life. The team is also starting
another campaign called Journey 2 Happiness and has established
a mentoring program for younger students in their community.
North High Schools team, P.L.A.Y. Denver, addressed Darell
Hammonds challenge to leverage underutilized resources and
unexpected spaces to make play available to every child, especially
those living in poverty. To address this, the team is building a bike path
that will connect the Northside Projects with the existing Denver Bike
Path System, in addition to hosting community cleanup days, creating
a biofltration system to prevent erosion and toxic runof in and around
the path, and piloting a bike share program for young kids.
The Aspen Challenge has given my students an opportunity
to identify problems in their community and instigate lasting
change, said Ariel Smith, the AP psychology and civics,
economics, and leadership educator at North High School in
Denver. In seven weeks its been amazing to see how much
passion, commitment to their cause, and creativity my students
have brought to the table.
The inaugural Aspen Challenge was launched in partnership
with the Los Angeles Unifed School District in 2013. Denver
Public Schools is the second district to partner with the Challenge,
and DC Public Schools, along with schools from the DC Public
Charter School Board, will be the third partnership in 2015.
The Aspen Challenge has given me inspiration through
the ideas and creativity of my peers throughout Denver Public
Schools, said Denvers South High School senior Geofrey
Wilson. I now believe that, by changing one personal view, you
change their whole world.
By Natalie Lacy Travers, program manager for the Aspen Challenge, a program
of the Aspen Institute
Clockwise from top: YouthBuild National Alumni Council President Jamiel Alexander addressed the Aspen Challenge participants in Denver,
along with Denver Mayor Michael B. Hancock. Students from 20 high schools in Denver and 17 in Los Angeles competed to create programs
that would positively influence their own communities.
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The Aspen Challenge Charges
Teens to Better their Communities
THE INAUGURAL CLASS
OF NEW VOICES FELLOWS
INCLUDES: (top row, from left)
Jacques Sebisaho, M.D.; Jane
Otai; Kassahun Desalegn Bilcha,
M.D.; (second row, from left)
Ola Orekunrin; Salif Niang; Mary
Mwanyika-Sando, M.D.; (third
row, from left) Mohamed Ali;
Deborah Ahenkorah; Jeffrey
Misomali; (bottom row,
from left) Kennedy Odede;
Regina Agyare

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_PDF-New_Voices_5/27/14_mh_f.indd 72 5/27/14 5:01 PM
The late BBC journalist Komla Dumor was known to quote a
favorite proverb when discussing news coverage of Africa: Until
the lion learns to write, every story will favor the hunter.
Dumor, a Ghanaian who, before his untimely death this year,
presented the BBCs Focus on Africa series, emphasized that far too
much of the coverage of Africa is still ltered through a Western
lens and fails to capture the dynamism and complexity of events
unfolding across the continent.
This critique holds true for news coverage of much of the
developing world, and particularly its discussion of international aid
and development. All too often, people in developing countries are
depicted as passive targets of Western-led development programs,
rather than as the experts who are driving change on the ground.
Who better to talk about maternal health in Africa than an
African doctor who is also a mother? Who understands the
challenges of creating opportunities for young people in Africas
urban slums better than someone who grew up there and built his
own school?
Expanding the conversation to include authoritative new voices
from the developing world is a challenge, but, will be increasingly
important as the international community seeks to reach a
consensus on the global development agenda beyond the 2015
Millennium Development Goals.
The need is clear, and especiallly in global health. A research
ON-THE-GROUND EXPERTS ARE RARELY HEARD FROM IN WESTERN
MEDIA. THE INSTITUTE CREATED A FELLOWSHIP TO CHANGE THAT.
By Andrew Quinn, Director of Aspen New Voices Fellowship
study published in the spring 2013 volume of Global Health Governance
found that, in a sample of 100 scholarly articles on global health,
77 percent of the authors came from countries in the developed world,
including Europe, the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
The Aspen Global Health and Development policy program, with
support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, set up the Aspen
New Voices Fellowship program in 2013 to identify and support
developing country experts and to amplify their contributions to the
global development debate.

FINDING A GLOBAL AUDIENCE
Identifying emerging leaders proved to be the easy part: There are
African doctors, scientists, social entrepreneurs, and community
organizers pioneering new approaches to development across the
continent. The New Voices program is aimed at transforming
them into global thought leaders, with communications skills and
media access to bring their messages to a worldwide audience.
I wanted to hear more experts from the developing
world, especially around Africa, tell stories of their solutions
to problems related to poverty, health, education, and the
environment, said John Donnelly, communications adviser
to World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim and one of the
driving forces behind the New Voices program.
Its time we heard African voices speak about African solutions,
WHY YOU DONT HAVE THE
FULL STORY
ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
and to do that we need to give them media training that is widely
available in the West.
The inaugural New Voices class featured a cross-section of
innovative thinkers, including Ola Orekunrin, a Nigerian
doctor who established West Africas rst helicopter ambulance
service; Salif Niang, a Malian entrepreneur who is developing
new ways to produce and market nutritionally fortied rice;
Mohamed Ali, a former Somali refugee who is building
youth empowerment programs in Mogadishu; and Deborah
Ahenkorah, a Ghanaian activist who established the worlds rst
prize for childrens literature produced by African authors and
illustrators specically for African children.
The 11-member Fellowship class gathered for its rst meeting in
Johannesburg and embarked on a rigorous program designed to sharpen
their development messages and build media skills. Experienced trainers
worked with Fellows to explain how the international media works, how
to construct a persuasive opinion piece, how to prepare for and take
control of interviews, and strategies for eective public speaking.
Fellows were also paired with media coaches who helped them
put their new skills into practice once they returned to their regular
work, while the Institutes Fellowship sta identied opportunities
for Fellows to place articles and deliver speeches to get their
messages across.
Africas expectant mothers face three main risks, what experts refer to as the
three delays: delays in leaving the house initially, delays in reaching health
facilities, and delays in receiving care after reaching health facilities, many of which
are understaffed with limited or even no supplies.
MARY MWANYIKA-SANDO, M.D., IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, THE JOYS OF PREGNANCY
COME WITH FATAL RISKS, THINK AFRICA PRESS, JULY 26, 2013
COMMUNICATING BIG IDEAS
Over the ensuing six months, Fellows were featured over 76 times in
media outlets and speaking opportunities, including op-ed articles
at CNN and Al-Jazeera, in The New York Times, interviews for NPR
and the BBC, and a speech on the TED main stage. By the end of
the inaugural years measurement period, media appearances by
Fellows had increased by 163 percent, compared with a cumulative
baseline measure of two years prior to the programs launch.
Before coming in, I thought thought leadership was simply
about big ideas: Thought leaders were people who had enlightening
or groundbreaking ideas that shaped the most important
conversations of our time, said Ali, whose TED talk on breaking
the link between unemployment and terrorism in Somalia has been
viewed almost 700,000 times. The program showed me that its
more than just ideas, and actually demystied what it means to be
a thought leader, he said. You cannot become a thought leader
until you understand the idea that you are trying to communicate.
The Institutes long tradition of cultivating values-based
leadership has also been an important part of the New Voices
program. Fellows held their second group meeting in Washington,
DC, and spent several days at the Wye River campus, where they took
part in a specially designed Aspen Seminar conducted by veteran
moderator David Townsend, discussing works by authors ranging
Mohamed Ali speaks at TED Cities. OPPOSITE PAGE: (clockwise from top left) Salif Niang presents his fortified rice business to President Barack
Obama. Regina Agyare teaches children from a rural village in Ghana to code. Niang (left) and Kassahun Desalegn Bilcha, M.D., pose at their farewell
New Voices dinner in Johannesburg. Jacques Sebisaho, M.D., poses with his community on Idjwi Island, Democratice Republic of Congo. Desalegn
Bilcha examines a young patient in Gondar, Ethiopia. Agyare offers rural children skills to which they wouldnt otherwise have access. Jane Otai looks
out over the Korogocho slums in Nairobi, Kenya.
The responsibility is on
governments and the donor
community to quickly
strengthen health systems to
cope with the next expected
increase in patient numbers.
The battle against Africas
AIDS epidemic is widely
seen to be at a turning
point, but the logistics need
to be in place to carry the
campaign to victory.
JEFFREY MISOMALI,
AS HIV DRUGS SPREAD HOPE,
AFRICAS HEALTH SYSTEMS
STRUGGLE, HUFFINGTON POST,
OCT. 9, 2013
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Urban slums worldwide will
soon reach a tipping point,
with young people
rejecting the lives that they
have been offered. Their
power lies in their numbers
more than half of the
worlds youth shares their
fate and in their anger.
They will rise up, refusing
to accept their status as
second-class citizens of
ever-expanding urban
settlements, and they will
destabilize countries like
Kenya, undermining efforts
to build more stable,
prosperous societies.
KENNEDY ODEDE,
AFRICAS URBAN CHALLENGE,
PROJECT SYNDICATE, AUGUST 2013
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from Aristotle to Nelson Mandela, and
exploring the deeper foundations of their
work as development leaders.
While in DC, the Fellows also inaugurated
a new joint program with the World Bank
titled DevSlam, a poetry-slam-style event
featuring Fellows and Bank o cials telling
their own stories from the eld and
from the heart about the challenges and
triumphs of development work.
LIFELONG TRAINING FOR LEADERSHIP
In 2014, the New Voices Fellowship has been
expanding. The new class numbers 14 and
for the rst time includes experts from beyond
Africa, including Jensi Sartin, a coral
reef researcher and environmental activist
from Indonesia; Myshkin Ingawale, an
entrepreneurial Indian innovator whose
company has delivered aordable medical
technology to prevent anemia-related
maternal and infant deaths; and Anick
Dupuy, a Haitian public health expert
whose work following the 2010 earthquake
has concentrated on improving basic health
services. They join 11 African experts on
everything from malaria vaccine research to
boosting agricultural productivity, and they
will join the larger Aspen family as speakers
at Aspen Ideas Festival Spotlight: Health.
These unsung heroes can bring ground
truth to our development eorts and guide
us to ever greater eectiveness and impact,
said Peggy Clark, Institute vice president
and head of Aspen Global Health and
Development. Over the next few years,
donors and governments will make decisions
to fund, or not fund, major investments in
research, global health, and sustainability.
The New Voices Fellows will give us insight
into the most critical programs, solutions,
and innovations based on their own
experiences and research.
For the Fellows themselves, New Voices
We have come a long way since last year, when Mali
almost disappeared from the map. And while there are
reasons to fear the risks that come along with this
election, Malians have been waiting for this opportunity.
This weeks election could be the opportunity for Mali to
not only get back on its feet, but thrive in peace.
SALIF NIANG, MALI VOTES FOR THE FUTURE,
AL-JAZEERA ONLINE, JULY 27, 2013
I, like generations of
Africans, grew up and
continue to grow up without
access to books that
represent our own stories,
cultures, and realities.
To be sure, it is great to be
exposed to other cultures and
be inspired by them. But it
is dangerous if this becomes
your only window into the
world as a growing child.
Reading about characters
that look and live like you
and your family grounds you
in who you are and gives you
permission to take pride
in your culture and where
you are from.
DEBORAH AHENKORAH,
WHERE ARE THE STORIES FOR
AFRICAN CHILDREN? HUFFINGTON
POST, OCT. 23, 2013
is opening doors to reach decision makers
and expanding the global conversation to
include fresh, important perspectives.
Its a yearlong Fellowship, and youre
supposed to provide deliverables within
the year, but what this really is, is lifelong
training for leadership, said Ghanas
Deborah Ahenkorah, whose Golden
Baobab childrens literature project was
one of 12 nalists for the 2013 Africa
Awards for Entrepreneurship. What I
think I have done in the past year is build
up my voice, build up my condence, build
up my ability to communicate, so that in
the rest of this year and the years to
come whenever opportunities come my
way, I will be ready to get out what I need
to get out to shape the discourse.
From top: Kennedy Odede at his organization, Shining Hope for Communities, in Kibera, Nairobi.
Deborah Ahenkorah shows one of the childrens books created through the support of her orga-
nization, Golden Baobab in Accra, Ghana. Opposite page: (clockwise from top) Jacques Sebisaho
poses with his community on Idjwi Island in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Odede shows vis-
itors around his school for girls in Kibera, Nairobi. Jane Otai leads a womens reproductive health
group in the Korogocho slum near Nairobi, Kenya.
There are a variety of
reasons why women in
traditional or less-developed
societies give birth to many
children: religious, cultural,
economic, status, and lack
of adequate information. But
one reason that seems so
obvious once you think
about it but which seldom
tops the list is the fear that
the children they do bear
might not survive.
JANE OTAI, IN AREAS WHERE
CHILDREN DIE YOUNG, FAMILY
PLANNING IS A HARD SELL,
THE NEW YORK TIMES, DEC. 2, 2103
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grow smart.
Thanks to advanced breeding techniques, Monsanto
has developed new seedless varieties of watermelon that
still deliver that classic, sweet watermelon avor. Its
just one way were creating better food choices for a
growing planet. Innovation has never tasted so delicious.
Are Small and Growing
Businesses the Key to
Economic Prosperity?
Randall Kempner and
Genevieve Edens of Aspen
Network of Development
Entrepreneurs offer why
these private sector
enterprises may be the
best way to create jobs in
Creating Financial
Oases in Banking Deserts
Bill Bynum writes about
his John P. McNulty
Prize-winning solution
to one of the most
financially devastating
remnants of civil rights
inequality banking
deserts.
Recent Publications
Learn about the
scope of reports and
publications released
by policy programs
at the Institute.
80
84
88
The Aspen Journal of Ideas
offers thought-provoking
analysis and issue-dening
information from the programs
and partners of the Institute.
A digital Journal, updated
weekly, will soon launch at
aspen.us.
_PDF-Journal_cover_5_27_14_d.indd 79 5/28/14 11:43 AM
_PDF-Journal_1_5_27_14_mh_kss_e.indd 80 5/27/14 5:05 PM
Are Small and Growing Businesses the Key to
Economic Prosperity?
BY GENEVI EVE EDENS AND RANDALL KEMPNER | I LLUSTRATI ON BY SARAH JONES
The World Needs Jobs
What the whole world wants is a good job. This was the main
fnding of a 2010 Gallup poll, conducted in over 129 countries.
1

In most countries, the stability of formal, salaried employment
is what distinguishes the middle class from the poor. Around
the world, the poor hope for jobs, if not for their generation,
then for their children.
2
Recent evidence from South Asia
suggests that it has been job creation, on a massive scale, that
has led to a dramatic decline in poverty levels in the region.
3
Since the fnancial crisis of 2008, the world has anxiously
watched unemployment levels, and job creation has become a
global concern. The International Labor Organization (ILO)
estimates global unemployment at about 200 million, and
projects the need for 600 million new jobs over the next decade to
maintain economic growth.
4
In addition, the ILO emphasizes the
lack of decent jobs in developing countries, where an estimated
900 million workers earn less than $2 a day.
Families living in poverty in developing countries typically patch
together multiple sources of income, whether from agricultural
production, self-employment, or temporary employment at small
frms. For this group, poverty is characterized not only by low
income levels, but also by highly variable income by day, week, or
season. Steady employment at a relatively higher wage rate can
help alleviate poverty, providing a reliable source of income for a
family to depend upon.
Over the past few decades, much of the policy emphasis in international poverty alleviation has
centered on private sector development, especially micro-, small, and medium-size enterprises
(MSMEs). But this catchall category represents a diverse group of businesses from mom-
and-pop shops to enterprises with more than 200 employees. More recent evidence shows that
policymakers should begin to focus on the particular subsegments that have the most potential to
grow, generate jobs, and foster economic development. These are small and growing businesses
that have the power to scale and create jobs, provide access to new markets, and deliver goods and
services to communities in the developing world.
Where are the Engines of Job Creation?
Alongside the growing global concern regarding unemployment,
policymakers have increasingly pointed to small businesses as the
key to job creation. Certainly, evidence suggests that small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the largest contributors around
the world to employment. SMEs contribute to approximately 66
percent of total, full-time employment and generate 86 percent of
new jobs in the formal sector. In low-income countries, the SME
contribution to employment is even higher, at 78 percent.
5
As enterprises grow, they provide not only more jobs, but higher-
quality jobs. Evidence from household data in Ghana suggests that
as companies grow, they also grow wages. Relatively larger, more
formal frms (with 50 to 200 workers) ofer higher wages, more
stable income, and, in many cases, better working conditions.
6
Jobs,
however, in these types of frms are limited in many developing
countries and not easily available to the poor. Although mainly
small frms currently employ or engage the poor, the growing frms
are the ones that can help them out of poverty by providing them
with higher, more stable wages.
In the US, research has similarly identifed that small businesses
employ the majority of the population, only a small subsegment of
these businesses create new jobs and economic growth. According
to the US Small Business Association, 3 percent of frms account
for nearly all of private sector job growth.
7
By contrast, up to 80
percent of small businesses do not grow at all, even over multiyear
THESE PRIVATE SECTOR ENTERPRISES MAY BE THE BEST WAY
TO CREATE JOBS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
1
Clifton, J. & Marlar, J. 2011. Good Jobs: The New Golden Standard. Gallup Publishing
2
Banerjee, A. & Duo, E. 2011. Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty. PublicAffairs.
3
World
Bank. 2011. More and Better Jobs in South Asia. World Bank.
4
International Labor Organization. 2012. Global Employment Trends 2012: Preventing a Deeper Jobs Crisis. ILO.
5
Ayyagari, M., Demirguc-Kunt, A. &
Maksimovic, V. 2011. Small vs. Young Firms Across the World: Contribution to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth. Policy Research Working Paper WPS 5631. World Bank.
6
Sandefur, 2006.
7
Acs, Z., Parsons,
W., & Tracy, S. 2008. High-Impact Firms: Gazelles Revisited. Small Business Administration Ofce of Advocacy.
time horizons.
8
In emerging markets, there is much less evidence
on the dynamics of job creation and frm growth. However,
recent research from Endeavor using the World Bank Enterprise
Survey Data shows a similar trend. They found a similarly small
proportion of companies in emerging markets are growing quickly,
while those fast-growing businesses account for a disproportionately
large percentage of overall job growth. These businesses are
called scaleups or gazelles. Regardless of nomenclature, these
are businesses that grow at a fast pace, 20 percent over a
three-year period.
The term small and medium-size enterprises covers a wide
variety of business types, of which only a small percentage is
relevant for job creation and economic growth. Most approaches
to private-sector-led development do not adequately recognize
this distinction, and many governments (including those in
developed countries) provide incentives to small frms to remain
small, restricting growth and productivity.
9
Only a small fraction
of frms will achieve rapid growth and create jobs and economic
development.
10
But those businesses with the potential and ambition
to grow will have an outsize development impact.
The Small and Growing Business Sector
The data confrms that a subsegment of SMEs will have the most
impact on economic growth and prosperity creation: small and growing
businesses, those frms that are not replicating an existing product for
an existing market, but instead are innovating to bring new products to
market or to serve new customers. These frms have the ambition and
potential to scale.
This segment has historically been overlooked by development
policymakers and private capital markets alike. In developing
economies, there tends to be a huge number of microenterprises,
some larger frms, and very few small- and medium-size enterprises.
This missing middle phenomenon is potentially caused by the
difculty that entrepreneurs face accessing the growth capital they
need to scale, lack of access to human capital or markets, or a
difcult regulatory environment.
11
Because these entrepreneurs face signifcant barriers to growth,
an industry has emerged to support the development of their
businesses. The Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs
(ANDE), an Aspen Institute program, provides a platform for the
organizations that are unifed in their focus on small and growing
businesses. ANDE is a network of 200-plus organizations that propel
entrepreneurship in emerging markets. The programs members
provide critical fnancial, educational, and business support services
to small and growing businesses (SGBs) based on the conviction that
SGBs will create jobs, stimulate long-term economic growth, and
produce environmental and social benefts. Ultimately, we believe
that SGBs can help lift countries out of poverty.
Because access to fnance is the most visible gap that SGBs
face, organizations have begun to specialize in providing capital
to businesses in emerging markets in deal sizes from $20,000 to $2
million, that traditionally have been too small for private capital
providers. The number of investment vehicles dedicated to this
deal size has grown substantially in the past decade, including both
ANDE members and non-ANDE members. These investment
vehicles have raised more than $2 billion to invest in SGBs, but the
sector is still relatively small; emerging market private equity funds
raised $177 billion in the same period, for example. The scale of
the barriers to fnance is even larger: McKinsey estimates a credit
gap of $850 billion for SMEs in emerging markets.
12
Although fnance is critical for small business growth, equally
important is access to knowledge, skills, and management capacity
that entrepreneurs need to successfully take their businesses to scale.
The number of capacity development providers, a diverse group
of organizations that help entrepreneurs grow their businesses by
providing nonfnancial support, has also expanded in recent years.
More than a third of the nearly 70 ANDE members that provide
capacity development services were founded in the last fve years,
and half were founded in the past decade.
These organizations want small businesses to grow, and to realize
the positive social impact that scale will generate through job
creation, ripple efects to its suppliers, and potentially social beneft
for customers with new access to goods and services.
Social Performance of Small and Growing Businesses
The supporters of small and growing businesses recognize that
their infuence lives beyond job creation alone. As these frms grow,
they can positively impact their network of stakeholders, including
clients, distributors, suppliers, and employees. In 2013, 22 ANDE
members provided performance data on their portfolios of small
and growing businesses. This data includes fnancial data, as well as
information about the impact on SGB stakeholders.
8
Hurst, E. & Pugsley, B. 2011. What Do Small Businesses Do? NBER Working Paper No. 17041.
9
Garicano, L., Lelarge, C., & Van Reenen, J. 2013. Firm Size Distortions and the Productivity
Distribution: Evidence from France National Bureau of Economic Research Working paper No. w18841.
10
Schoar, A. 2009. The Divide Between Subsistence and Transformational Entrepreneurship, in Joshua
Lerner and Scott Stern (Eds.), NBER Innovation Policy and the Economy 2009
11
Aspen Network of
Development Entrepreneurs. 2013. Impact Report 2012: Engines of Prosperity.
12
Stein, P., et al. 2010.
Two Trillion and Counting: Assessing the Credit Gap for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the
Developing World. IFC and McKinsey.
Only a small fraction of frms will achieve
rapid growth and create jobs and economic
development. But those businesses with
the potential and the ambition to grow will
have an outsize development impact.
RANDALL KEMPNER is executive director of the Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs (ANDE), a global network of organizations that propel
entrepreneurship in emerging markets. As executive director, he oversees the implementation of ANDEs extensive program and advocacy agenda,
including training programs for investing in emerging-market entrepreneurs; promoting investment opportunities in emerging market SGBs; and developing
standardized nancial, social, and environmental metrics for impact investment. Kempner has nearly 20 years of experience in the eld of national and
international economic development. Most recently, he served as vice president for regional innovation at the US Council on Competitiveness.
GENEVIEVE EDENS has ve years of experience across private, nonprot, and academic settings. She comes to ANDE from the international nonprot
ACDI/VOCA, where she supported projects in the Enterprise Development portfolio with a focus on the cooperative business model in East Africa and
Latin America. Before moving to Washington, DC, Edens spent several years living in Tanzania; there, she worked for the coffee importer Sustainable
Harvest, linking producers to high-premium specialty coffee markets. Edens also conducted research at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern
University on cultural differences in charitable giving. Edens is pursuing an MBA at George Washington University, and has a B.A. from Wesleyan University
in African history.
Client Impacts
Many ANDE members support SGBs that have a specifc value
proposition for the base of the pyramid, those 4 billion individuals
who earn less than $2 a day and who lack access to basic goods and
services, such as clean water, electricity, and health care. Many SGBs
are creating innovative business models to deliver those services,
such as providing of-grid electricity to rural communities or ofering
sanitation services to urban communities. As these SGBs grow their
client base, they also grow their positive social impact. Among ANDE
members portfolios, SGBs have reached more than 5 million clients
and report an average compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the
client base is 70 percent.
Employment Impacts
The businesses supported by ANDE members grow more quickly
than typical businesses, but not all are the scaleups or gazelles that
drive signifcant job growth. While the average growth rates are
quite high, at over 50 percent CAGR, the median rates are much
more modest. This suggests that even within the SGB sub-segment,
there is a smaller percentage of businesses that are ready to take of
and scale; when they do so, the efect is signifcant.
The average SGB employs 64 people full time, with a 58 percent
average CAGR in the number of employees. But the median
number of employees is 19, with 9 percent median CAGR.
Average wage is $11,500 per year. Putting that wage in each
national context, these SGBs pay above the average national wage
(median 78 percent higher) and well above the national minimum
wage (median 478 percent higher).
Supplier Impacts
Forty-two percent of the data that ANDE has aggregated on
small and growing businesses comes from the agriculture sector.
In the typical business model, an enterprise purchases crops from
hundreds of smallholder farmers. The enterprise aggregates,
processes, and/or transports that crop to add value for the next
actor along the supply chain. In this model, SGBs create access to
markets for smallholder farmers and provide income for farming
families that can be measured through the payments that the
enterprise makes to its suppliers.
The typical SGB in the agriculture sector returns 78 percent of
its total revenue to smallholder suppliers in the form of supplier
payments. It purchases from 600 smallholder farmers per year and
pays an average of $1,400 for their crops.
SGBs in the agriculture sector exhibit strong growth, reporting a
CAGR of 54 percent. As companies grow revenues, they also tend
to grow the payments they make to smallholders in their supplier
network. Higher revenue growth is not only correlated to growth
in total payments to supplier, but growth in the average size of
payments to suppliers.
Conclusion
ANDE members strongly believe that if supported, small and
growing businesses can be an engine of prosperity in emerging
markets. But the empirical evidence is still relatively scarce for
the sector. In many countries, frm-level data is not available
or is inaccessible. Without data, we do not have a clear picture
of which interventions might have the most impact on small
business growth.
Despite several decades of entrepreneurship programs
implemented by governments and development agencies
around the world, there is surprisingly little rigorous research on
efective ways to support small and growing businesses. Much
of the existing research on entrepreneurship in developing
countries focuses on smaller, informal sector microenterprises,
and does not easily transfer to the SGB sector.
13
Core to ANDEs mission is increasing the efectiveness of
SGB practitioners. Research into not just the impacts of small
and growing businesses, but the efects of various types of
interventions is critical to this mission. ANDE aims to support a
more data-driven SGB sector that ultimately will create a long-
term sustainable approach to prosperity creation.
13
Banerjee (2014), Roodman (2012)
_PDF-Journal_2_5_27_14_mh_kss_d.indd 84 5/27/14 5:06 PM
Creating Financial Oases in
Bank Deserts
BY BI LL BYNUM, 201 3 JOHN P. MCNULTY AWARD WI NNER
I LLUSTRATI ON BY SARAH JONES
t the same time, many speeches and lectures soberly
acknowledge that the work of the movement remains unfnished
particularly around issues of economic justice.
1, 2
In the areas of
poverty, housing, and access to afordable fnancial services, the gap
between African-Americans and whites, rural and urban areas, and
the rich and the poor is far too wide. In 2014, as in 1964, nowhere
are these disparities more glaring than in the Deep South.
This article describes key elements of the economic divide that
persists 50 years after the passage of the landmark Civil Rights
Act. It then lays out best practices for addressing the challenges and
concludes with an eye toward connecting historically underserved
populations to afordable fnancial services in a nation that will
continue to grow more diverse.
Poverty and Income
Analysis of the most recent census data reveals that Mississippi,
Arkansas, and Louisiana are among the most impoverished states
in the country.
3
Even greater concern is merited because the region
also hosts a quarter of the nations counties in persistent poverty
defned as a county that has experienced poverty rates in excess of
20 percent for three decades in a row.
4
Over half of Mississippis
persistently poor counties are counties in which the majority of the
population is African-American. In a state where 43 percent of the
child population is African-American, one out of every two black
children is growing up in poverty.
5

Over the past several months, communities around the country have taken the time to
pay tribute to, and refect on, several seminal events from Americas civil rights era. Fifty
years after the assassination of Medgar Evers in Mississippi and the March on
Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the commemorations exhibit a reverent mix of awe
and gratitude for the sacrifces made and important gains achieved.
Housing Inequality
Homeownership levels in the Midsouth could be considered
middle of the road relative to other states;
6
but, the manner in
which individuals purchase homes in the region exacerbates the
fnancial challenges facing area residents. Mississippi, Louisiana,
and Arkansas have the frst, third, and ffth highest rates of high-
cost lending in the country. Among African-Americans, the rate of
high-cost mortgage lending in the Midsouth signifcantly exceeds
the national average. One out of four mortgages made to African-
Americans in Mississippi, and one out of fve in Louisiana are
high-cost loans, according to the 2011 Home Mortgage Disclosure
Act Data. These rates are the second and ffth highest in the
country and substantially surpass the rate of high-cost lending
to African-Americans nationwide (8.7 percent). These high-cost
mortgages translate into less money available to save for college or
an emergency.
High-cost loans are also more likely to result in foreclosure.
7

When foreclosures occur, particularly in low-income communities,
the spillover efects are stark. Nearby homes lose value, resulting in
a loss of wealth for families. In minority communities, families lose,
on average, $37,000 simply for living close to a foreclosed home.
8

Financial Services
The Midsouth is home to the highest rates of unbanked and
underbanked households in the country. An underbanked
A
1
Jordan, Vernon. Medgar Evers Tribute. Jackson, MS, June 12, 2013.
2
Lewis, John. TRANSCRIPT: Rep. John Lewis speech on 50th anniversary of the March on Washington. August 28, 2013. www.washingtonpost.
com/politics/transcript-rep-john-lewiss-speech-on-50th-anniversary-of-the-march-on-washington/2013/08/28/fc2d538a-100d-11e3-8cdd-bcdc09410972_story.html
3
Annie E. Casey Kids Count Data Center. Population in Poverty. September 2013. datacenter.kidscount.org/data/tables/52-population-in-poverty?loc=1&loct=2#ranking/2/any/true/868/any/340.
4
U.S. Treasury CDFI Fund. Persistent Poverty Data by County. April 2, 2012. www.cdfund.gov/what_we_do/persistentpoverty.asp (accessed April 10, 2014).
5
Annie E. Casey, September 2013.
6
CFED. Assets and Opportunity Scorecard Homeownership Rate. 2012. scorecard.assetsandopportunity.org/2014/measure/homeownership-rate. The Most Unbanked Places
in America. 12 2011. cfed.org/assets/pdfs/Most_Unbanked_Places_in_America.pdf
7
Bocian, Debbie Gruenstein, Wei Li, and Carolina Reid. Lost Ground: 2011: Disparities in Mortgage Lending and Foreclosures.
Center for Responsible Lending. November 2011. www.responsiblelending.org/mortgage-lending/research-analysis/Lost-Ground-2011.pdf
8
Bocian, Debbie Gruenstein, and Wei Li. Collateral Damage: The
Spillover Costs of Foreclosures. Center for Responsible Lending. October 24, 2012. www.responsiblelending.org/mortgage-lending/research-analysis/collateral-damage.pdf
household is defned as a household with a bank account that also
uses the services of an alternative fnancial service provider such
as a check casher, payday lender, or pawnshop. Over 40 percent
of Arkansas households are unbanked or underbanked more
than in any other state.
9
Racial disparities contribute heavily to this
imbalance. Seventy-two percent of black households in Arkansas
are unbanked or underbanked, in contrast to 33 percent of white
households. Nationwide, the split is characterized as 55 percent
of black households and 20 percent of white households.
10
In
Mississippi, 31 percent of African-American households are
unbanked, compared with 5 percent of white households. The gap
is nearly nine percentage points wider than the gap between white
and black households at the national level.
11
Five of the 10 most
unbanked counties or parishes in the nation are in the Mississippi
and Louisiana Delta.
12
Access to Bank Branches
A prominent indicator of the economys rebound from the Great
Recession is growth in earnings by the nations fnancial institutions. In
2013, the annual net income for FDIC-insured banks totaled a record
$154.7 billion, compared with a loss of $10 billion in 2009. At the end
of December, bank earnings had increased in 17 of the last 18 quarters.
Despite this robust proftability, bank branches have closed at
high levels disproportionately in low-income areas,
13
resulting in
the emergence of bank deserts in many rural areas, inner cities,
and communities of color. A bank desert is defned as a ZIP code
with fewer than two bank branches.
14

When banks leave low-income communities or avoid them
altogether, residents in these underserved areas experience the
negative efects of the alternative. Researchers suggest a correlation
between the poverty of a neighborhood, a large population of
minority residents, and the presence of payday lenders and other
alternative fnancial service providers.
15, 16, 17
Payday loans are
short-term, small-dollar loans, typically less than $500 and with a
repayment period of less than 30 days. Repayment often coincides
with a borrowers pay day, when the borrowers bank account is
debited for the amount of the loan plus fees. Once an individual
takes out one payday loan, the likelihood that he or she will become
a repeat borrower is high. In a study of 15 million payday loans
originated in 33 states, the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau
found that the median borrower took out 10 loans over the course
of 12 months, costing $458 in fees, not including the principal of
the loan.
18
Individuals who rely on such costly alternatives over the
course of a lifetime could expend as much as $40,000 in fees that
could have been saved by having a low-fee checking account.
19

Residents also sufer a substantial loss of reinvestment benefts
when banks leave a community. In low-income neighborhoods, there
is a strong relationship between the presence of a branch and the
origination of mortgages. Likewise, as branch access increases, the
cost of mortgages decreases.
20
In Appalachia, as the number of bank
branches increased, the number of small business loans increased.
21

Importantly, a depository ofers a gateway to a savings account and
a way to build credit and wealth through asset development. When
lower-income families have an account with a depository, they are
more likely to own assets such as a vehicle, a home, or savings
which are some of the basic building blocks of economic security.
22

Increasing Access to Financial Services in Bank Deserts
For more than 20 years, Hope Enterprise Corporation (HOPE) has
taken a data-driven approach to building a sustainable organization
that can meet the fnancial needs of underserved populations.
HOPE started out as a $1.5 million business loan fund that targeted
distressed counties and parishes in the lower Mississippi River
Delta region. Today it is a $280 million community development
organization whose afliates include a highly respected center that
conducts policy research, analysis, and advocacy. Since its inception,
HOPE has fnanced or leveraged over $2 billion in projects that
have afected the lives of more than 500,000 individuals.
HOPE has generated these results by adhering to principles
that are present in many high-performing companies: maintaining
a deep knowledge of its target market, customers, and business
environment through the constant gathering and analysis of data;
using fndings from this analysis to constantly inform and improve
business practices; fostering a culture that encourages innovation;
and emphasizing a high level of customer service. However HOPE
is distinct from traditional banks and alternative fnancial service
providers in its commitment to addressing the fnancial service
needs of underserved people and places in an afordable manner.
HOPEs primary fnancial service vehicle is the 29,000-member
Hope Federal Credit Union, a federally regulated depository.
Thirty-seven percent of the credit unions members were unbanked
when they joined HOPE, and seven out of 10 are minorities.
The high rate of unbanked members who join HOPE indicates
a substantial market demand among families and communities
that have been overlooked by the traditional banking sector and
left with few options other than high-cost payday and subprime
mortgage lenders.
9
FDIC. 2011 Household Banking Status by State. EconomicInclusion.gov Appendix. 2011.
www.economicinclusion.gov/surveys/2011household/documents/appendix/2011-State-Summary-
Unbanked.pdf
10
FDIC 2011
11
FDIC 2011
12
CFED 2011
13
FDIC. (2014, February 26). Statement by FDIC
Chairman Martin J. Gruenberg on the Fourth Quarter 2013 Quarterly Banking Prole: www.fdic.gov/
news/news/speeches/spfeb2614.html
14
U.S. Postal Service Ofce of Inspector General. Providing
Non-Bank Financial Services for the Underserved. White Paper, Washington, DC: United States
Post Ofce, 2014
15
Graves, Steven M. Landscapes of Predation, Landscapes of Neglect: A Location
Analysis of Payday Lenders and Banks. the Professional Geographer 55, no. 3 (2003): 303-317. .
State Ranks - PDL. Usury Law and the Christian Right. 2008.
16
Barr, Michael S., Jane K. Dokko,
and Benjamin J. Keys. And Banking for All? In No Slack, by Michael S. Barr, 54-82. Washington,
DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2012
17
Silver, Josh, and Archana Pradhan. Why Branch Closures
are Bad for Communities. National Community Reinvestment Coalition. April 2012. www.ncrc.org/
images/stories/mediaCenter_reports/issuebrief_bank%20branches_april%202012.pdf
18
CFPB.
Payday Loans and Deposit Advance Products. White Paper, Washington, DC: Consumer Finance
Protection Bureau, 2013
19
Fellowes, Matt, and Mia Mabanta. Banking on Wealth: Americas New
Retail Banking Infrastructure and its Wealth Building Potential. Research Brief, Washington, DC:
Brookings Institution, 2008
20
Ergungor, O. Emre. Bank Branch Presence and Access to Credit in
Low-to-Moderate Income Neighborhoods. Working Paper 06-16, Cleveland, OH: Federal Reserve
Bank of Cleveland, 2006
21
NCRC. Access to Capital and Credit for Small Businesses in Appalachia.
National Community Reinvestment Coalition. April 2007. www.arc.gov/assets/research_reports/
AccesstoCapitalandCreditforSmallBusinessesinAppalachia3.pdf
22
Hogarth, Jeanne M., and Kevin H.
ODonnell. Banking Relationships of Lower-Income Families and the Governmental Trend toward
Electronic Payment. Bulletin, Washington, DC: Federal Reserve Board, 1999
_PDF-Journal_2_5_27_14_mh_kss_d.indd 86 6/3/14 10:47 AM
WILLIAM J. (BILL) BYNUM is CEO of HOPE (Hope Enterprise Corporation/Hope Credit Union), a community development nancial institution and
policy center that ensures access to responsible nancial services in distressed communities across Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee.
As chairman of the Treasury Departments Community Development Advisory Board from 2002 to 2012, he advised Presidents Clinton, Bush, and
Obama on community-development matters. His current board service includes the Corporation for Enterprise Development, NAACP Legal Defense
Fund, Millsaps College, Mississippi Childrens Museum, William Winter Institute for Racial Reconciliation, and Consumer Financial Protection Bureaus
Community Advisory Board. In 2013, Bynum was awarded the Aspen Global Leadership Networks John P. McNulty Prize.

ED SIVAK serves as chief policy and communications ofcer for HOPE (Hope Enterprise Corporation/Hope Credit Union). Sivak established HOPEs
policy arm, the Mississippi Economic Policy Center, which conducts research and analysis on issues affecting low-wealth families and communities.
Sivak holds a Master of Public Policy from Georgetown University, and a Bachelor of Arts in History and English from Marquette University.
HOPE responds to this demand by intentionally focusing on
underserved markets. Over half of HOPEs members earn less
than $35,000 a year. HOPEs payday loan alternative product costs
$160 per year, compared with the $1,335 in annual fees associated
with a typical payday loan in Mississippi.
In 2013, 94 percent of mortgages closed by HOPE were made
to minority, female, and low-income homebuyers. During the year,
86 percent of HOPEs home mortgage loans went to frst-time
homebuyers. An annual survey of HOPE mortgage borrowers
indicates that 49 percent report living in safer neighborhoods, and
41 percent report improved outcomes for their children in school
since purchasing a home.
Similarly, a high percentage of HOPEs commercial lending
benefts historically underserved and economically distressed
populations. During the year, 86 percent of all commercial loans
closed, by dollar, went to businesses located in high-poverty areas.
This rate was nearly 40 percentage points higher than the regional
bank average for lending in economically distressed communities.
The average annual wage at companies fnanced by HOPE is
$28,217, compared with the poverty wage for a four-person family
of $23,050 and the minimum wage salary of $15,080.
Since 2008, HOPE has expanded its presence from six to 23
service locations. In two communities, HOPE preserved access to
banking services by acquiring facilities left behind following the
closure of the only bank in town. In the census tracts where these
branches were located, the percentage of minority residents was
42 percent and 62 percent, respectively.
In 2013, HOPE partnered with the University of Arkansas at
Pine Bluf (UAPB), a historically black university in the heart of
the Arkansas Delta, to pilot a microbranch that emphasizes self-
service through technology. Designed to lower delivery costs and
reach people in low-density areas, this model builds on the increased
use of mobile and online banking, and the high concentration of
smartphones among low-income people. Members use an ATM,
on-site computers, smartphones, tablets, and other electronic
devices to join HOPE, open accounts, check account balances,
transfer funds, and pay bills. HOPE employs UAPB students who
help members navigate the technology and otherwise address their
fnancial needs. The students also conduct outreach to connect
residents and businesses with HOPE products and services, and
to build partnerships with local organizations. A high percentage
of the staf, students, and alumni at UAPB are underserved by
traditional fnancial institutions. HOPE plans to learn from this
model and replicate it at other colleges, universities, and community
colleges across the Midsouth with similar demographics.
Where Do We Go From Here?
At a meeting of fnancial, business, and government leaders in
Jackson, Mississippi, the president of the Atlanta branch of the
Federal Reserve Bank warned that the efectiveness of the Feds
monetary policy is undermined when large segments of the
population exist outside the fnancial system.
23

Nearly fve decades earlier, in his fnal presidential address to
the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (titled Where Do
We Go From Here?), Martin Luther King Jr. put forth this
impassioned call for economic justice: Let us be dissatisfed until
the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort
and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the
battering rams of the forces of justice. Let us be dissatisfed until
slums are cast into the junk heaps of history and every family is
living in a decent sanitary home.
24
As Americas population grows more diverse, it is vital that steps

be taken to ensure that historically underserved populations have
the tools needed to support their families, communities, and the
nations economy. HOPEs experience in one of the countrys most
diverse and distressed regions ofers clear evidence of the benefts
that can be achieved through economic inclusion.
By combining sound business principles with a commitment
to ensuring that everyone has access to afordable, responsibly
structured fnancial services, bank deserts can be converted into
fnancial oases, providing more people with a steady rung to help
them climb the economic ladder and achieve the American dream.
This piece was co-authored by Ed Sivak.
23
Lockhart, D. P. (2012, July 13), www.frbatlanta.org/news/speeches/120713_lockhart.cfm
24
King Jr.,
Martin. (1967, August 16), The Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute: mlk-kpp01.
stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/where_do_we_go_from_here_delivered_at_
the_11th_annual_sclc_convention/
When lower-income families have an
account with a depository, they are more
likely to own assets such as a vehicle,
a home, or savings which are some of the
basic building blocks of economic security.
THE ASPEN JOURNAL OF IDEAS
Recent Publications
THE OCEAN COMMUNITY REPORT: BUILDING AN ALIGNED AND SUPPORTIVE OCEAN
CONSERVATION COMMUNITY
Energy and Environment Program
This Aspen Institute Energy and Environment Programs report focuses on the success and e cacy of ocean
conservation and marine protection planning, based on a yearlong study of strategies for building a more
coordinated and aligned marine conservation movement.
TOWARD THE NEXT PHASE OF OPEN GOVERNMENT
Communications and Society Program
This report originated from the 2013 Forum on Communications and Society, or FOCAS. Written by
Panthea Lee, the report is a series of six essays that examine the current barriers to open government
and provide creative solutions for advancing open government eorts.
CHILD TRUST FUNDS: RENEWING THE DEBATE FOR LONG-TERM SAVINGS POLICIES
Initiative on Financial Security
In 2003, the United Kingdom embarked on a bold national program that ensured that each child born
in Great Britian from September 2002 onward would receive government funds to open an account that
matured at age 18: the Child Trust Fund program. This paper highlights the success of the Child Trust
Fund and renews the debate on childrens savings accounts in the US.
PERSONAL ACTION, COLLECTIVE IMPACT
ASCEND, The Shriver Report
Aspen Institute Vice President Anne Mosle contributed a chapter to The Shriver Report: A Womans
Nation Pushes Back From the Brink. She speaks to the power of two-generation approaches, the value
of social capital, and the potential for life skills to equip the next generation with the skills they need.
The Institutes policy programs regularly release reports featuring the expert opinions and research in their issue area
gathered at convenings throughout the year. To nd these and other publications, go to aspeninstitute.org/publications.
LEVERAGING LEARNING: THE EVOLVING ROLE OF FEDERAL POLICY IN EDUCATION
RESEARCH
Education and Society Program
As transformative reforms such as the Common Core State Standards and educator evaluation roll out amid
a rapidly changing demographic landscape, the need for getting high-quality research on timely topics into
the hands of practitioners grows all the more urgent. This report aims to answer how federal policy can better
calibrate the current rigor-relevance balance in education research to improve meaningful uptake by the eld.
WEALTHWORKS TOOLKIT
Community Strategies Group
This toolkit is a 21st-century approach to local and regional economic development. WealthWorks brings
together and connects a communitys assets to meet market demand in ways that build lasting livelihoods.
_PDF-PUBLICATIONS_5_27_14_MH_KVD_E.indd 88 6/3/14 8:07 AM
EARLY POSITIVE EXPERIENCES: WHAT IS AGE-APPROPRIATE?
Sports and Society Program
The Aspen Institute Sports and Society Program convened more than 25 national leaders from the realms of sport,
medicine, health, education, and beyond to consider the prospects of anchoring our disjointed sports system in the
principles of age-appropriate play, with an eye toward meeting the needs of todays children all of them. This
report is part of the programs Project Play initiative, working to reimagine youth sports in America.
ASSET BUILDING THROUGH CREDIT
FIELD at the Aspen Institute
This paper presents the rst set of ndings from the Asset Building Through Credit Pilot program, a
demonstration that explored the use of a secured credit card, teamed with credit coaching, as a tool to help
entrepreneurs to build their credit. Citi Foundation contributed nancial support to this pilot.
SPORTS PARTICIPATION RATES AMONG UNDERSERVED AMERICAN YOUTH
Sports and Society Program | Prepared by Mike Sagas and George B. Cunningham of the University of
Floridas Sport Policy & Research Collaborative
The purpose of this research brief is to review and describe the most relevant and recent data on the
topic of sport participation rates among American youth by various historically underserved populations.
Specically, data is aggregated and summarized by social class, race, gender, and disability status.
TWO-GENERATION PLAYBOOK
ASCEND
How do two-generation approaches work? What are the core components? Where are the opportunities
emerging? This booklet of infographics oers a brief visual introduction to two-generation approaches. It
is designed to be a tool you can use to communicate about the power of these strategies in your work.
THE WEIGHTLESS MARKETPLACE: COMING TO TERMS WITH INNOVATIVE PAYMENT
SYSTEMS, DIGITAL CURRENCIES, AND ONLINE LABOR MARKETS
This report, by rapporteur David Bollier, examines our rapidly changing global marketplace. Due to
the proliferation of the Internet and mobile devices, as well as changing relationships between producers
and consumers, friction is being drastically reduced in commerce. Commerce not only has the ability to be
targeted and instantaneous, it has essentially become weightless.
INNOVATIONS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
ASCEND
This brief highlights key themes from the rst in a series of early childhood forums on two-generation
approaches sponsored by Ascend at the Aspen Institute. Themes include engaging parent voices to inform
programs and policies, essential program design elements, emerging issues around health and well-being,
and leveraging philanthropic impact.
SKILLED TRADES PLAYBOOK: DYNAMIC PARTNERSHIPS FOR A NEW ECONOMY
Economic Opportunities Program
This report is a playbook for how businesses and community colleges can work together to nd, train, and place
workers in the skilled trades.
_PDF-PUBLICATIONS_5_27_14_MH_KVD_E.indd 89 5/27/14 5:04 PM
GATEWAYS TO TWO GENERATIONS: THE POTENTIAL FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMS
AND PARTNERSHIPS TO SUPPORT CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS TOGETHER
ASCEND
This report focuses on how leading early childhood programs support families educational success
and economic security. The models outlined stem from an ongoing series of convenings around early
childhood and two-generation approaches. They also take into account the perspectives and resilience of
families as well as the importance of partnerships.
THE FUTURE OF AMERICAN DEFENSE
Aspen Strategy Group
This volume of essays, by some of Americas most experienced and perceptive leaders, tackles the core
question President Obama and Congress need to address in the coming year: What is the right defense
strategy for the US at this transformative time in our history? The principal essays and policy papers were
prepared for the Aspen Strategy Groups discussions on the Aspen Meadows campus.
ADAPTING FOR THE GLOBAL DIPLOMATIC ARENA: A REPORT OF THE ASPEN INSTITUTE
DIALOGUE ON DIPLOMACY AND TECHNOLOGY
This report, by rapporteur Shanthi Kalathil, examines how social networks, peer-to-peer technologies, and
mobile applications can change the landscape of diplomacy, particularly in the uses of soft or smart power.
CONSERVATION INNOVATION IN CONTEXT
Energy and Environment Program
This report from the Conservation Innovation Roundtable, convened in partnership with
Chesapeake Conservancy, is part of ongoing work by the Aspen Institute Energy and Environment
Program to explore conservation in the 21st century. As awareness of the interdependency between
the natural world and human wellbeing increases, traditional conceptions of economic growth and
conservation are changing as well.
VOICES OF NATIVE YOUTH REPORT, VOLUME III
Center for Native American Youth
This summary of the organizations 75 outreach roundtables with 3,000 Native youth highlights
positive stories of youth leadership and priorities such as racial equity, suicide prevention, and
increased awareness of Native American communities.
ALARMS UNHEEDED
Justice & Society Program
More than 100 Congressional committees and subcommittees assert jurisdiction over the US Department
of Homeland Security, creating unnecessary complexity and overlaps. This report oers suggestions
for how to move forward, given that the recommendations of the Hart-Rudman Commission, which
less than nine months before the 9/11 attacks called for Congress to streamline oversight of homeland
security, were neglected by the federal government and the media.
TOOLS FOR TEACHERS: USING EVALUATION TO SUPPORT MASTERY IN ACADEMIC WRITING
Education and Society Program
The fth Tools for Teachers installment explains what the Common Core says about mastery in
academic writing and explores how rich tasks can facilitate meaningful discussion of students knowledge
and skills. Like all Tools for Teachers modules, it includes a PowerPoint presentation and a facilitators
guide designed for instructors.
ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC TOOLKIT
Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs
The Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs created this toolkit, with the support of the UK
Department for International Development. It provides methodological guidance on assessing the
current state of entrepreneurial ecosystems, and oers a set of resources and tools that development
practitioners can use.
INNOVATIONS: BRIDGING THE PIONEER GAP
Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs
The Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs and Village Capital say there is a pressing need for a
more holistic, evidence-based approach to leveraging the potential of incubators and accelerators and to
understanding what makes them successful.
SCALING CLEAN ENERGY: LESSONS LEARNED AND NEW APPROACHES
Aspen Institute Clean Energy Forum
The Energy and Environment Program of the Aspen Institute convened the fourth annual Aspen Institute
Clean Energy Forum, bringing together a broad cross-section of emerging energy, nance, and policy
experts and entrepreneurs for an in-depth conversation on the future of clean energy. Insights from the
Forum are summarized in the report.
MEETING THE TALENT CHALLENGE
Business and Society Program
This coverage of a recent symposium focuses on the changing market of the MBA and how business
schools are preparing future business leaders to work in ways that align company activities with the long-
term health of society.
HIGHER EDUCATION AND SOCIAL IMPACT: WINNING THE TALENT WAR, FOR GOOD
Impact Careers Initiative
This Impact Careers Initiative report highlights the colleges and universities that are developing social-
sector leaders and supporting impact careers.
MICROBUSINESSES, GAINFUL JOBS
Economic Opportunities Program, FIELD program
The smallest businesses have created most of our net new jobs during the past decades. But are these good
jobs? FIELDs research with microenterprise workers examines this question, asking is a $10 median wage
enough? How important are stable schedules, supportive bosses, and the chance to develop skills?
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INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS
COMMEMORATING THE FALL OF COMMUNISM
As festivities to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the end
of communism began in earnest across Eastern Europe,
the Aspen Institute Prague held a special event in June at
the Czech Senate. An international delegation evaluated
the social, political, and business impact of the geopolitical
changes that took place a quarter-century ago, where the
region stands today, and how to prepare for the future.
Today, the results of that Big Bang remind us of both
the enormous progress those countries have made in
becoming an inseparable and indistinguishable part of the
world of liberal democracies, said Michael antovsk,
president of Aspen Institute Prague and ambassador of the
Czech Republic in the United Kingdom, It also reminds us
of the chasm still separating some of the not so fortunate
European nations from the liberties, the standards, and
the security their citizens long for as keenly as Czechs,
Hungarians, Poles, and Slovaks did 25 years ago,
The event welcomed over 200 participants and speakers,
including former US Secretary of State Madeleine K.
Albright, President of Estonia Toomas Hendrik Ilves,
Former Prime Minister of Slovakia Iveta Radicov, and
former US Sen. Joe Lieberman. Drawing from history and
the events of the day, such as those transpiring in the
Ukraine, speakers addressed what challenges lay ahead for
the region and how to deepen their democratic footprint.
ASPEN INSTITUTE WELCOMES
NEWEST GLOBAL PARTNER IN MEXICO
Mexico City is now home to Aspen Institute Mxico, the
Institutes ninth international partner and its rst in Latin
America. An event celebrating the inauguration of the
Institutes newest partner attracted leaders and thinkers
from across Mexico, including Gov. of Banco de Mxico
(Mexicos Central Bank) Agustn Carstens; Minister of
State Miguel ngel Osorio Chong; Mexico City Mayor
Miguel ngel Mancera; and Grupo Salinas President and
new Institute Trustee Ricardo Salinas. The presidents of
Mexicos three main political parties, Gustavo Madero
(PAN), Csar Camacho (PRI), and Jess Zambrano (PRD),
gathered together to discuss the direction Mexico should
be taking as it forges a path into the future.
Juan Ramn de la Fuente, former Secretary of Health
under President Zedillo, president of the International
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The Institutes nine International Partners conduct independently developed and supported
programs, conferences, and seminars on region-specic issues, global challenges, and leadership
development. In the latest news, Aspen Institute Prague commemorates the 25th anniversary
of the fall of communism; Aspen Institute Germany turns 40; The Aspen Institute Japan names
a new president; Aspen Institute Italia awards the Cossiga scholarship; and the rst Latin
American-based Institute launches in Aspen Institute Mexico.
GLOBAL REACH
Aspen Institute Prague celebrated the 25th
anniversary of the fall of communism in June
with a conference that looked toward the
future of democracy for Europe.
INTERNATIONAL_5/27/2104_g.indd 92 6/3/14 10:34 AM
OUR MANiFESTO
Celebrating Our 20th Anniversary
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Association of Universities, and, now, the president of
Aspen Institute Mxico, calls his new post a place to
analyze, reect, and discuss issues that remain locally
relevant, but also have global signicance. De la Fuente
chaired the March event, which consisted of two days of
panel discussions about the status of political, social, and
economic reform in Mexico.
With government, corporate, and young leaders in
attendance, the event established the Mexican Institute as
a place to hold open, plural, and inclusive debates among
party leaders, public servants, legislators, academics,
business leaders, and young people. One of its main
objectives is to foster the development of young leaders
and their networks, promoting values and principles of
democracy, such as freedom, the rule of law and economic
efciency; and to expand their relations with rising leaders
from other countries in the region. The activities are
divided into seminars, policy and public programs, and
leadership initiatives.
ASPEN GERMANY TURNS 40
The Institutes rst international partner, Aspen Institute
Germany, will host a transatlantic conference in Berlin to
honor its 40th anniversary from Oct. 8-10. In light of the
NSA-data mining scandal and certain US foreign policy
decisions made about the use of drones, Guantanamo, and
the Iraq War, they will host Germany and the USA: Do We
Still Need Each Other? Speakers, such Vice Secretary-
General of NATO Alexander Vershbow, Aspen Institute
Executive Vice President Elliot Gerson, US Ambassador to
Germany John B. Emerson, and several German dignitaries
will address the countries differences, as well as their
needs for an ever-evolving alliance. The conference will
consist of ve panels on transatlantic values, security, trade,
energy, and the digital revolution, with each focusing on
the past and future of German-American relations.
COSSIGA SCHOLARSHIP
BRINGS STUDENTS TO ITALY
Aspen Institute Italia has paired with the Associazione
Francesco Cossiga to honor the legacy of the late
Francesco Cossiga, former president of Italy and honorary
chairman of Aspen Institute Italia. A scholarship in his name
supports a student from one of the 10 countries in which
Aspen has an afliate for a Masters degree at any Milan
university. The second recipient of this scholarship award,
ASPEN INSTITUTE ESPAA
Madrid, Spain
aspeninstitute.es
INSTITUT ASPEN FRANCE
Paris, France
contacts@aspenfrance.org
aspenfrance.org
ASPEN INSTITUTE GERMANY
Berlin, Germany
kiesewetter@aspeninstitute.de
aspeninstitute.de
ANANTA ASPEN CENTRE
New Delhi, India
(formerly Aspen Institute India)
admin@ anantacentre.in
anantacentre.in
ASPEN INSTITUTE ITALIA
Milan and Rome, Italy
info@aspeninstitute.it
aspeninstitute.it
THE ASPEN INSTITUTE JAPAN
aspeninstitute.jp
ASPEN INSTITUTE MXICO
Mexico City, Mexico
aim@aspeninstitutemexico.org
aspeninstitutemexico.org
ASPEN INSTITUTE PRAGUE
Prague, Czech Republic
ofce@aspenprague.cz
aspenprague.cz
INSTITUTUL ASPEN ROMNIA
Bucharest, Romania
ofce@aspeninstitute.ro
aspeninstitute.ro
CONTACT OUR INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS
Teisuke Kitayama
Laurel Zigerelli, is a recent graduate of Georgetown with
a B.S. in Foreign Service. Zigerelli is an American student
with plans to pursue an International Management degree.

NEW PRESIDENT FOR INSTITUTE IN JAPAN
Upon the 15th anniversary of The Aspen Institute Japan,
founding President Yotaro Kobayashi has passed the reigns
to the newly named Teisuke Kitayama, chairman of the
board of Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC).
Kitayama is hardly new to the Institute, having served as
an auditor of the board since 2009. Kitayama has recently
introduced Aspen-style Seminars to the SMBC leadership
education team with great success. He takes on the position
at a critical time as the Institute begins to expand its activity
from offering over 20 Seminars on enlightened leadership.
In addition to serving on several other corporate boards,
Kitayama also served as vice chairman of Japan Association
of Corporate Executives and is playing an important role for
Japans educational reform as vice chairman of the Central
Council for Education in Ministry of Education, Science, and
Culture. Kobayashi will remain on The Aspen Institute Japan
board as honorary chairman.
INTERNATIONAL_5/27/2104_g.indd 94 6/3/14 9:05 AM
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Charles Lil Buck Riley joins Alfre Woodard (pictured on
page 15) as the 2014 Harman-Eisner Artists-in-Residence.
In recognition of the late Sidney Harmans role in
returning the arts to the heart of the Institutes work,
the Harman-Eisner Artists-in-Residence program
will be expanded with a grant of $1 million for the
establishment of the Harman Family Endowment Fund.
Its central goal is to develop scalable community
engagement models, particularly in education, and
to empower artists to explore their role in addressing
social challenges. This generous support will allow an
even deeper commitment to expanding opportunities
HARMAN FAMILY GIVES $1 MILLION TO THE ARTS
The Institute is grateful for the support of Trustees, Society of Fellows members, and friends
who enable it to grow and expand its mission, sustaining it for decades to come.
OUR SUPPORTERS
for the Institutes artists-in-residence to create
educational impact in their work, said Arts Program
Director Damian Woetzel.
Past artists-in-residence have included Woetzel, cellist
Yo-Yo Ma, director/producer Julie Taymor, architect
Elizabeth Diller, artist Chuck Close, opera singer
Jessye Norman, and now-Institute Trustee and actress/
playwright Anna Deavere Smith. Actress Alfre Woodard
and dancer Charles Lil Buck Riley were recently named
the 2014 Harman-Eisner Artists-in-Residence.
21ST ANNUAL SUMMER GALA
DATE: Aug. 9, 2014
DINNER CHAIRS: Joan Fabry and Michael Klein
HONOREES: Doris Kearns Goodwin and
Richard N. Goodwin
LOCATION: The Doerr-Hosier Center,
Aspen Meadows campus
For more information, go to
aspeninstitute.org/summercelebration
or call Melanie Levine at 800.410.3463.
SOCRATES BENEFIT DINNER
DATE: July 5, 2014
DINNER CHAIRS: Laura and Gary Lauder
HONOREE: Leonard A. Lauder
LOCATION: The Doerr-Hosier Center,
Aspen Meadows campus
aspeninstitute.org/socratesdinner
2014 ANNUAL AWARDS DINNER
DATE: Nov. 13, 2014
DINNER CHAIR: Mercedes T. Bass
HONOREES: Lynda Resnick and
Reed Hastings
LOCATION: The Plaza Hotel, NYC
aspeninstitute.org/annualdinner
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OUR SUPPORTERS
Gina Murdock (left), and her husband, Trustee Jerry Murdock, introduced The Murdock Mind,
Body, Spirit Series on the Aspen Meadows campus. The rst event of the series featured Deepak
Chopra (right).
A STUDY OF SIGNIFICANCE
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The Murdock Mind, Body, Spirit Series a new public speaker series in Aspen,
Colorado was launched in January with an inaugural event featuring Deepak
Chopra. The Murdock Series will reect the Institutes founding principles of
nurturing the whole individual by bringing a range of experts, innovators, and
leaders to the Aspen Meadows campus to share the latest revelations about the
link between mindfulness, physical activity, and emotional well-being. The series
is generously underwritten through 2018 by Gina Murdock and Jerry Murdock, a
Trustee of the Aspen Institute.
A NEW SERIES DEBUTS
The Aspen Global Leadership Network is undertaking a
worldwide assessment of the projects launched by its nearly
1,900 Fellows in 46 countries. The ndings from the Hite Global
Leadership Study named for Society of Fellows members
and lead underwriters Sharon and Larry Hite will enable the
Institute to identify the best practices for launching successful,
scalable, and sustainable social-impact projects in order to build
a stronger support system for these entrepreneurial leaders.
Led by expert global strategist, senior Institute moderator, and
Henry Crown Fellow Stace Lindsay, the ndings from the Hite
Study will help each Fellow fulll his or her mission to drive
positive change around the globe and ultimately rise from
success to signicance.
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ASPEN IDEA: What made you decide to make this gift to the Aspen Global
Leadership Network?
BILL MAYER: The Institute is many different things to many people, and I think
that is great. Its an impartial forum for discussion on the most important issues of
society. The place has been described as a spa for the mind because it educates.
And the Institutes leadership programs develop better-balanced citizens in
society. The role we play in developing leadership through the Aspen Global
Leadership Network is so important too, and I wanted to signal my
support of this program for years to come.
AI: What motivated you to decide to announce this gift now?
MAYER: A lot of us dont pay enough attention to the issue of estate planning
and whats going to happen with whatever assets we have. My motivation is to
help to support the program by furthering its endowment in the long run. Of
course, others choosing to give would be a great by-product of my contribution too.
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Chairman Emeritus and Scholars & Scholarships Campaign
Co-Chair Bill Mayer has announced an extraordinary
bequest of $4 million to support the Aspen Global
Leadership Network. With his planned gift, Mayer joins
other members of the Aspen Heritage Society who have
included the Institute in their estate plans. We ask Mayer
why this, why now?
BILL MAYER BEQUESTS A LEGACY
Carol Dopkin is a long time
Fellow of the Aspen Institute
Carol created an Idea when she
came to Aspen to introduce
Real Estate with Horse Sense
It has been a successful
competitive edge establishing
relationships with clients looking
for all types of properties from
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With expertise, Carol has
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and Astrid adopted by Carol
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@
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www.CarolDopkin.com
Add some
horsepower.
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OUR SUPPORTERS
TRUSTEE ENDOWS
ARTS PROGRAM
Melva Bucksbaum, an Aspen
Institute Trustee and longtime
supporter of youth and arts
programs at the Institute,
has established The Melva
Bucksbaum Endowment
Fund with a gift of $1 million
to the Institutes Scholars &
Scholarships Campaign. The
gift will provide enhanced
support for the Arts Program
and enable the Institute to
engage more artists across
the country, as well as launch
new arts initiatives and
collaborations within and
beyond the Institute.
In January, the Institute introduced the Justice Circle,
a group of two-dozen leading executives, attorneys,
and philanthropists committed to furthering the work
of the Justice & Society Program. Circle members
have so far contributed more than $200,000 to
support the programming, but nationally renowned
trial attorney Steve Susman, who co-chairs the Justice
Circle along with fellow attorney Tristan Duncan,
stresses that this is far more than a fundraising
effort. The Justice Circle is dedicated to creating
valuable activities, thought-provoking discussions,
and challenging projects for its members. Two such
events have already taken place the rst in New
York, exploring the tension between privacy rights
and public safety; and the second in Los Angeles, on
law and the recovery of art expropriated and looted
during the World War II. To join, call Justice and
Excutive Director Meryl Chertoff at 202.736.5849.
THE JUSTICE CIRCLE LAUNCHES
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Society of Fellows Summer Receptions
Summer Opening Reception
Wednesday, June 18, Walter Isaacson on Collaborative Creativity
Vanguard Chapter Summer Reception
Monday, July 14
Society of Fellows 50th Anniversary Celebration
Sunday, Aug. 3, dinner and program
Society of Fellows Summer Symposia
Dvorak, Mahler, and the New World
Wednesday, July 9 - Thursday, July 10
Common Standards: A Way to Reinvigorate the Democratic
Purpose of Public Education?
Tuesday, July 22
Ukraine: What is Russia Doing?
Monday, Aug. 4 - Thursday, Aug. 7
Society of Fellows Lunch and Evening Discussions
Summer lunches and evening discussion reception speakers
include: Lynne Cheney, Robin Lenhardt, Nancy Pelz-Paget,
Alice Walton, Carrie Walton Penner, Leonard Lauder, and
Edith Ramirez.
50 YEARS
SOCIETY OF FELLOWS
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This year, the Society of Fellows program celebrates its
50th anniversary. This important program has provided
both an access point for individual engagement with the
Institute and vital financial support. Founded in late 1964,
the mission of the Society of Fellows was to sustain
and strengthen the Institutes programs. Among the 33
members who joined that autumn were Herbert Bayer,
Elizabeth Paepcke, and Paula Zurcher. Over the past
50 years, the Society of Fellows program has raised
over $40 million in unrestricted support for the Institute.
Additionally, Fellows have contributed to special projects,
ranging from capital improvements and scholarships to
new programs. Here are some highlights of the decades
gone by and Fellows who joined and have stayed with
us through the years.
JOIN THE SOCIETY OF FELLOWS
The Society of Fellows is an engaged community of supporters who
actively participate in the Institutes programs, act as advocates
and ambassadors, and help sustain the Institutes mission. For more
information on joining the Society of Fellows, please contact Peter
Waanders, director of the Society of Fellows, at 970.544.7912 or by
email at peter.waanders@aspeninstitute.org.
Buckminster Fuller Dome on the Aspen Meadows campus
Detail of Kimiko Powers by Andy Warhol, Synthetic polymer silkscreen & ink on canvas
Mortimer Adler
Albert Einstein
Andy Goldsworthy
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At the start of the Society of Fellows in 1964, Fellows were invited to
audit any session or event held at the Institute. The rst summer, the
topical focus was Technological Change and Social Responsibility, and
included R. Buckminster Fuller and Thurgood Marshall. By the end
of the decade, the new president, Joseph E. Slater, proposed a new
programmatic direction with a series of thought leading to action
programs in communications and society, the environment, education,
justice and society, and international affairs. The number of Fellows
grew to approximately 100, contributing over $125,000 annually.
The second decade of the Society of Fellows began with a summer
workshop conference, Television as a Social and Cultural Force. It
was followed by seminars on Women and Men: Changing Roles,
Relationships, and Perceptions, and Monotheism and Moderation,
led by president of the University of Notre Dame Father Theodore
Hesburgh. Many Fellows attended the burgeoning Institute
programs, notably the Justice and Society Seminar co-founded by
Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun. Membership in the Society
of Fellows experienced rapid growth, climbing to more than 200
members during its second decade. Annual giving rose to nearly
$300,000 during this time.
By the eighties under the leadership of the new president,
Colin W. Williams the Society of Fellows program matured into
members-only summer seminars. Each multiday offering would
address various topics. In 1986, the seminars overarching theme
was Ethics in Society, and explored government, media, business,
environment, and law. The 1993 seminars featured rights and the
democratic process, health care issues, the decit dilemma, a federal
budget exercise, and Russia and US policy. Programs included
morning sessions, afternoon activities, and evening social events.
By the Society of Fellows 30th year, the program had 300-plus
members and raised more than $500,000 annually.
Through the turn of the 21st century, Fellows continued to provide
important nancial support and engaged participation in the Institute.
A weeklong summer seminar drew as many as 20 experts and 125
participants. Subjects included The Social Contract, philanthropy, arts
and society, and faith and power. New membership levels were added,
including the Gold Leaf, Chairmans, Presidents, and Aspen Leaf
Societies. In 2003, former Time magazine managing editor and CNN
chairman Walter Isaacson became president and CEO. Many Fellows
rst saw the new direction for the Institute when they attended the
2004 festival, Einstein: A Celebration. By its 40th year, the Society of
Fellows program raised over $1.3 million annually.
The Institute has grown exponentially, bringing new energy and ideas,
while honoring the Society of Fellows role as a central part of the
Institute community. Fellows have helped achieve the leaderships goal
to open the Institute to a broader audience and improve the facilities,
with projects such as the art installation by Andy Goldsworthy. While
public events like the Aspen Ideas Festival have expanded the publics
awareness of the Institute and its work, donor-exclusive programming
has widely expanded. With the addition of the Vanguard Chapter for
younger supporters, membership grew to over 1,400. The Society of
Fellows raised $3.5 million in 2013 alone. Examples of current offerings
are outlined in our Upcoming Events calendar.
About 35 people from all around the world
attended Mortimer Adlers seminar How to Think
About God. Mortimer had each participant write
what their faith (or lack thereof) was: atheist,
agnostic, believer, member of an ecclesiastical
institution, or uncommitted. At the end of the
seminar, which I think lasted four or ve days, we
wrote down our answers to the same question.
Interestingly almost everyone, certainly the
majority, had changed his/her afliation!
Paula Zurcher | Joined 1964
Matthew and I rst experienced the Institute
by attending a seminar in Japan led by John
and Kimiko Powers. A considerable amount
of reading was assigned beforehand and
discussions took place each morning. Each
afternoon there were visits to cultural sites
or participatory demonstrations. Imagine
this, Matthew Bucksbaum (and his fellow
industrialists) conscientiously arranging live
owers by the strict rules of ikebana.
Carolyn Bucksbaum | Joined 1976
When I became CEO of Hilton International
Co., I decided it was time to broaden my
brain beyond hotels. I signed up for a two-
week executive seminar moderated by Bill
Moyers and his wife, Judith. From Mortimer
Adlers presentations to our very diverse
groups production of Sophocles Antigone, it
conrmed my suspicion that there was a world
beyond hotels and I could nd it in SOF.
Curt Strand | Joined 1987
When we initially joined the Society of Fellows
it was a small, similarly minded group of
Aspenites, rather social, mostly conservative,
many of them already friends. It was not like the
Society of Fellows today, which is much larger,
more diverse, and still very interesting. In a
way, it mirrors the changes in Aspen and in the
Institute. Under Walter Isaacsons leadership,
the Institute has grown, all for the better.
Richard & Sylvia Kaufman | Joined 1995
In 2011, we launched The Vanguard Chapter of
the Society of Fellows with the goal to create
a portal for a younger generation to engage in
the work of the Institute. In 2013, we opened
our Vanguard Washington Chapter in DC, and
are working on our San Francisco chapter this
coming year. With well over 300 Vanguard
fellows coming from all over the world, we are
building an incredible network and the next
generation of leaders for the Institute.
Lauren McCloskey Elston | Joined 2011
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Detail of Kimiko Powers by Andy Warhol, Synthetic polymer silkscreen & ink on canvas
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OUR SUPPORTERS
TEN YEARS OF GIVING TO
THE RODEL FELLOWSHIP
The success of the Rodel Fellowships mission to foster nonpartisan and values-based discourse
among the countrys rising political leaders was reafrmed and secured with another extraordinary
gift from the Rodel Foundation and Budinger Family, who have been the lead underwriters since the
Fellowships founding a decade ago. The latest $4 million contribution will sustain the Rodel Fellowship
through 2019, at which point, the Budingers expect to provide an additional $1 million each year through
2025. The Rodel program hopes to show participants that no ideology has all the answers, explained
Institute Trustee Bill Budinger. Each side is necessary and deserves respect; and nding merit in the
other sides arguments is the highest form of statesmanship.
OVER THE PAST 10 YEARS, RODEL FELLOWS HAVE GROWN IN THEIR OWN POLITICAL STATURE.
SEVERAL REFLECT ON WHY THIS PROGRAM HAS BEEN SO MEANINGFUL THROUGHOUT THEIR CAREERS.
The Rodel fellowship program was the best
professional development I have had in my
career ... a unique space that enabled us to let
our guards down ... and seek common ground
without compromising our core beliefs.
Tom Perez
US Secretary of Labor
Class of 2005
This program has made a tremendous
impact on my professional career, as well as my
personal life. ... We learned to appreciate how
much we have in common, as well as our shared
goals to make the world a better place.
Pam Bondi
Attorney General of Florida
Class of 2011
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The Rodel Fellowship
is in some ways the best
last hope of this country,
giving us the opportunity
to cut through the yelling
and ghting that passes as
American politics today.
This mighty fellowship is like
a life raft on a rocky sea.
Eric Garcetti
Mayor of Los Angeles
Class of 2006
The program is really
about restoring civility and
solution-oriented thinking in
a new generation of leaders.
We might have entered the
program as Democrats and
Republicans, but we left
it having learned all over
again that while we may
have differences, those
differences can be building
blocks for answers to tough
present-day problems.
Anthony Foxx
US Secretary of Transportation
Class of 2011
The best fellowship program
I have ever participated in. ...
[It] has broadened my outlook
for opportunities to work
collaboratively on real solutions
on a bipartisan basis.
Erik Paulsen
Member of US Congress
Class of 2005
THE RODEL FELLOWS
FIRST-EVER REUNION
Members from the nine past classes of Rodel
Fellows, the Institutes Fellowship for young
political leaders, came together with former
Congressman and Rodel Fellowship Director
Mickey Edwards in Washington, DC, this
past winter, for the rst time. As a result of
the generous support of Society of Fellows
member David Nevins, the reunion brought
elected ofcials together from both sides of
the aisle to attend Transcending Partisanship,
a moderated discussion about challenges
facing political leaders, an expert panel
on foreign policy, and a series of private
roundtables. The political leaders, who include
former Republican National Committee Chair
Michael Steele, cabinet members Anthony
Foxx and Tom Perez, Rep. Erik Paulsen
(MN-03) and Rep. Kyrsten Sinema (AZ-09)
have each grown in their political stature since
their induction into the Fellowship. As they
ascend to higher levels of ofce, they bring with
them their commitment to forgo partisanship in
hopes of moving the country forward.
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Ann Friedman, Samia Farouki
Society of Fellows members gathered in Washington for the third annual SOF Day in
DC, which culminated in a reception at the Swiss ambassadors residence. The following
day, the Board of Trustees met to discuss the Institutes priorities.
FACES
SPRING BOARD OF TRUSTEES RECEPTION
WHO: Donors, Trustees, and Society of Fellows members, including retired Supreme Court Justice and Trustee
Sandra Day OConnor and new Trustee Mike Bezos, gathered in Washington, DC. WHAT: Friends of the Institute
attended a reception hosted by the Swiss Ambassador Manuel Sager, and his wife, Christine, in honor of the spring
Board Meeting and Society of Fellows Day. The event concluded the 2014 Society of Fellows Day in DC program,
which was lled with engaging panel discussions on some of the Institutes policy work and leadership initiatives.
WHEN: April 10, 2014 WHERE: The residence of the Swiss Ambassador WHY: The purpose of the Society of
Fellows Day in DC is to foster relationships between the Institute and its diverse pool of friends and supporters and,
also, nurture their relationships among one another.
Sylvia Earle, Paul Anderson, Berl Bernhard
Mike Bezos, Patrice Brickman, Fred Malek
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Elliot Gerson, Justice Sandra Day OConnor
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ASPEN SANTA FE BALLET
P R E S E N T S
SUMMER SEASON 2014
DANCE FOR KIDS!
Diavolo
July 5
DIAVOLO
July 5 - 6
ASPEN SANTA FE BALLET
July 17 & 19
JUAN SIDDI FLAMENCO SANTA FE
July 22
DANCE FOR KIDS!
Batoto Yetu and ASFB Folklrico
July 26
JUAN SIDDI FLAMENCO SANTA FE
August 5
STARS OF AMERICAN BALLET
August 8
BALLET WEST
August 16
All shows take place at the Aspen District Theatre
OFFICIAL HEALTH CLUB AND SPA
OF ASPEN SANTA FE BALLET Les Dames dAspen, Ltd.
OFFICIAL SPONSORS FOUNDATION SPONSORS PREFERRED HOTEL SPONSORS GOVERNMENT SPONSORS MEDIA SPONSORS
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SEASON PRESENTING SPONSOR
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LOCALS REPRESENTI NG
BUYERS AND SELLERS OF
REAL ESTATE I N ASPEN,
SNOWMASS AND
THE ROARI NG FORK VALLEY
FOR OVER 20 YEARS
Chris Flynn
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Tony DiLucia
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PJ Bory
Paul Kurkulis
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chrisynn@sopris.net
TONY DILUCIA
970.379.4275
tony@tonydaspen.com
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FACES
30
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ANNUAL AWARDS DINNER
WHO: Hundreds of Institute supporters including Barbara Walters, Oscar de la Renta, and Trustees Henry Louis
Gates Jr. and Leonard Lauder, were invited to join President and CEO Walter Isaacson and other Institute leaders
for an evening of celebration. WHAT: The 30th Annual Awards Dinner WHEN: Nov. 7, 2013 WHERE: The Plaza Hotel,
New York City WHY: Former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger received the 2013 Global Leadership Award
for his lasting impact of the countrys foreign policy and legendary jazz musician Wynton Marsalis was honored
with the Henry Crown Fellow Leadership Award for his professional and philanthropic achievements. In addition to
conversations with both honored guests, the event featured Marsalis playing with members of the Jazz at Lincoln
Center Orchestra. The band ended the evening by playing Marsalis mothers favorite song, Embraceable You.
Henry Kissinger and Wynton Marsalis were honored at the 30th Annual Awards
Dinner, chaired by Mercedes T. Bass. Both honorees sat in conversations with Institute
President and CEO Walter Isaacson.
Leonard Lauder
Henry Kissinger and Jacqueline Weld
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Barbara Walters
Amit Bhatia, Francis Hoffman
Michael Eisner, Oscar de la Renta
Ann Korologos,
Madeleine Albright
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The 2014 Winter Socrates Seminars drew participants from all over the world to the
Aspen Meadows campus to discuss how innovation is affecting our world.
FACES
2014 WINTER SOCRATES PROGRAM
WHO: Young, emerging leaders from a wide range of backgrounds convened in the mountains of Aspen, Colorado, for four
days of enlightened discussion with industry leaders including Stephen Balkam, founder and CEO of the Family Online
Safety Institute; Esther Dyson, chairman of EDventure Holding and founder of HICCup.co; and Jeff Rosen, president and
CEO of the National Constitution Center. WHAT: The 2014 Winter Socrates Programs WHEN: Feb. 14-17, 2014 WHERE:
Participants stole away for some skiing and other winter activities, returning to the Aspen Meadows campus for seminars
throughout the weekend. WHY: The aim of the Socrates Program is for its participants to explore contemporary issues.
These seminars focused on digital technology and its impact on modern life, wellness as a personal responsibility, and the
recent conundrum of cyberterrorism and online privacy. Guests were treated to a surprise guest appearance by former
Mayor Michael Bloomberg in conversation with Rosen on leadership in governance at the opening reception.
Michael Bloomberg
Lawrence Williams, Beth Slater
Dominik Knoll
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Amy Sandoz, Mark Faireld
Esther Dyson
York Forsyth
Jennifer Ratay, Jonathan Sper
Bryan Cooke, Quentin Hodgson
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Aspen Institute Trustee Lynda Resnick joined Gwen Chanzit, curator for the Denver
Art Museums Herbert Bayer Collection and Archive and modern art, to discuss the
Bauhaus-trained artists legacy in Aspen.
FACES
HERBERT BAYER EXHIBITION OPENING
WHO: The Annual Aspen Institute Holiday Reception marked the opening of the Resnick Gallery exhibit The Legacy
of Herbert Bayer: Recent Gifts and Loans to the Aspen Institute, curated by local gallerist David Floria. WHAT: Aspen
Institute Trustee Lynda Resnick joined Gwen Chanzit, modern art and The Herbert Bayer Collection and Archive of the
Denver Art Museum curator, in conversation to discuss the Bauhaus-trained artists legacy in Aspen. WHEN: Dec. 29,
2013 WHERE: Guests toured the lower-level gallery space of the Aspen Meadows campus Doerr-Hosier Center, which
will house rotating exhibits of work by Bayer, who helped establish the Institutes physical structures and philosophical
image. WHY: The exhibit illustrates the breadth of Bayers career and the inuence that his time in Aspen had on his
creative output, said Floria of the various media featured, including gifts such as Belle Nuit Gometrique, a gift of
Lynda and Stewart Resnick, and Geometry of an Illusionist, a gift from Ronald and Jan Greenberg.
Jerry Finger, Kendra Gros, Marcia Martin, John Sarpa
Lissa Ballinger
Tom James
Jackie Wogan, Karen and Jim Tucker
Mary Hayes
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David Floria, Robert Blaich
Alan Fletcher, Judith Steinberg, Peter Rispoli,
Donna Di Ianni
Gwen Chanzit
Lynda Resnick, Michael Klein, Joan Fabry
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FACTS/PROGRAMS
SEMINARS
Seminars help participants reect on what they think makes a good society, thereby
deepening knowledge, broadening perspectives, and enhancing their capacity to solve
the problems leaders face.
Aspen Seminar participants gather together to consider the political, economic, and social problems faced by the world's leaders.
THE ASPEN SEMINAR ON LEADERSHIP, VALUES,
AND THE GOOD SOCIETY
The Aspen Executive Seminar challenges leaders in every
eld to clarify the values by which they lead and to think
more critically and deeply about their impact on the
world in a moderated, text-based Socratic dialogue.
aspeninstitute.org/aspenseminar
JUNE 21-27 | WYE RIVER, MD
AUGUST 16-22 | ASPEN, CO
SEPTEMBER 6-12 | ASPEN, CO
OCTOBER 11-17 | WYE RIVER, MD
OCTOBER 25-31 | WYE RIVER, MD
NOVEMBER 15-21 | ASPEN, CO
NATURE, SOCIETY, AND SUSTAINABILITY
Nature, Society, and Sustainability frames leadership
decisions in the broader context of our engagement with
the natural world as we balance the tensions between
a vibrant human social and economic ecology and
environmental sustainability. aspeninstitute.org/natureseminar
AUGUST 3-7 | ASPEN, CO
ASPEN LIFE REIMAGINED SEMINAR
The new Aspen Life Reimagined Seminar helps
professionals between the ages of 45 and 59 navigate
transitions and discover whats next in work and life,
rening their sense of purpose, and honing the skills of
self-leadership to make the best use of their time, talent,
and treasure. This seminar is in partnership with AARPs
Life Reimagined Institute. aspeninstitute.org/lifereimagined
JULY 28 - 31 | WYE RIVER, MD
AUGUST 7-10 | WYE RIVER, MD
SEPTEMBER 8-11 | WYE RIVER, MD
LEADERSHIP AND CHARACTER
Leadership and Character takes up where the Aspen
Executive Seminar leaves off, looking at the internal
context of making leadership decisions and exploring
the competing tensions that form our internal moral
compass. aspeninstitute.org/characterseminar
OCTOBER 23-27 | ASPEN, CO
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HOW TO SIGN UP
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT THE
INDIVIDUAL PROGRAMS LISTED ABOVE.
THE SOCRATES PROGRAM
The Socrates Program provides a forum for emerging
leaders (ages approximately 2845) from a wide range
of professions to explore contemporary issues through
expert-moderated roundtable dialogue.
aspeninstitute.org/socrates
SUMMER SEMINARS
JULY 4 7 | ASPEN, CO
The Future of Internet Freedom,
Free Speech and Entrepreneurship
Moderated by former FCC chair Julius Genachowski
The Moral Limits of Markets: Can Markets do
Social Good?
Moderated by Clive Crook, columnist and member of the
editorial board at Bloomberg View
Supreme Court Decisions in the 21st Century
Moderated by Former Solicitor General Neal Katyal
How is Big Data Changing Our Lives?
Moderated by PBS NewsHours Hari Sreenivasan, and
Department of Veterans Affairs CTO Peter L. Levin
Trade, Trust, and Energy: Maximizing the US
Relationship With Latin America
Moderator: Latin America policy expert Julia E. Sweig
Socrates Benet Dinner Honoring Leonard Lauder
JULY 5 | ASPEN, CO
Aspen Mexico Salon
Heroes and Villains, Winners and Losers: Leading
Business, Politics, and Civil Society in the 21st Century
Moderated by MITs Leigh Hafrey
OCTOBER 2-4 | VALLE DE BRAVO, MEXICO
Senate Socrates
The Future of Privacy and Transparency: Surveillance in
the Age of Snowden and Manning; The Aspen Academy
Moderator: Jeff Rosen
OCTOBER 23 | WASHINGTON, DC
OCTOBER 24-26 | WYE, MD
New York Salon
November 13-14 | New York, NY
ASPEN ESPAA SEMINAR: Transatlantic Values at a
Crossroads: Contemporary Leadership Challenges
In collaboration with Aspen Institute Espaa, this
seminar probes the specically European context of
contemporary leadership in the midst of the uncertainties
within democratic capitalism, nationalism, and culture.
aspeninstitute.org/espanaseminar
OCTOBER 23-26, 2014 | RONDA, SPAIN
ASPEN ROMANIA LEADERSHIP SEMINAR
In collaboration with Aspen Institute Romania, this
seminar explores the specic leadership challenges
facing business, government, and civil society in a post-
communist environment. aspeninstitute.org/romaniaseminar
NOVEMBER 13-16, 2014 | PREDEAL, ROMANIA
JUSTICE AND SOCIETY
This seminar brings together individuals from diverse
backgrounds to discuss what justice means and how
a just society ought to deal with issues ranging from
criminal justice to entitlements in dialogue, led by
preeminent judges and law professors. aspeninstitute.org/jss
JULY 16-22 | ASPEN, CO
WYE ACADEMIC PROGRAMS
In a longstanding collaboration with the Association
of American Colleges and Universities, these seminars
engage faculty, senior academic administrators, and
college presidents in an exchange of ideas about liberal
arts education, citizenship, and the global polity.
aspeninstitute.org/wyeseminars
WYE DEANS' SEMINAR: Citizenship in the American
and Global Polity JUNE 8-12 | WYE RIVER, MD
WYE FACULTY SEMINAR: Citizenship in the American
and Global Polity JULY 19-25 | WYE RIVER, MD
CUSTOM SEMINARS
Custom Seminars enable organizations and companies to
develop one-day or multiday seminars relevant to their
day-to-day operations.
aspeninstitute.org/customseminar
aspeninstitute.org/socratesseminars
Young leaders discuss modern issues during a Socrates seminar.
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Freedom of thought and debate has been the cornerstone of groundbreaking ideas, technological
breakthroughs, and conict resolution for centuries. Booz Allen Hamilton, a leader in consulting and
technology for 100 years, is proud to be an original and continuing underwriter of the Aspen Ideas Festival
as it celebrates its 10th anniversary of exploring ideas that catalyze change. See our ideas in action at
boozallen.com/aspen
Innovative
ideas.
Diverse
perspectives.
Provocative
dialogue.
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An AGLN Fellow offers what Nelson Mandela's legacy means to her work.
LEADERSHIP
THE ASPEN GLOBAL LEADERSHIP NETWORK
Each Aspen Global Leadership Network program, inspired
by the Henry Crown Fellowship Program, is developing a
new generation of civically engaged men and women
by encouraging them to move from success to significance
and to apply their entrepreneurial talents to addressing
the foremost challenges of their organizations, communities,
and countries. Today, there are nearly 1,900 Fellows in
46 countries.
THE HENRY CROWN
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
The flagship leadership program
aspeninstitute.org/crown
THE AFRICA LEADERSHIP
INITIATIVE (ALI)/EAST AFRICA
Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya
aspeninstitute.org/ali
INITIATIVE (ALI)/MOZAMBIQUE
INITIATIVE (ALI)/WEST AFRICA
Ghana and Nigeria
INITIATIVE (ALI)/SOUTH AFRICA
THE ASPEN INSTITUTE-RODEL
FELLOWSHIPS IN PUBLIC LEADERSHIP
Elected leaders in US government
aspeninstitute.org/rodel
THE ASPEN TEACHER-LEADER
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/teacherleaders
THE CATTO FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
Energy and environment leaders
aspeninstitute.org/catto
THE CENTRAL AMERICA LEADERSHIP
INITIATIVE (CALI)
Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica,
Panama, Nicaragua, El Salvador
aspeninstitute.org/cali
THE CHINA FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/china
THE INDIA LEADERSHIP INITIATIVE (ILI)
aspeninstitute.org/ili
THE LIBERTY FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
South Carolina
aspeninstitute.org/liberty
THE MIDDLE EAST LEADERSHIP
INITIATIVE (MELI)
aspeninstitute.org/meli
PAHARA-ASPEN EDUCATION
FELLOWSHIP
Entrepreneurial leaders for
public education
pahara.org
JULY 28-AUG. 1
The Aspen Action Forum is an annual
event designed to connect Fellows
from the Aspen Global Leadership
Network with other action-oriented
leaders from Aspen Institute programs
and partners.
The Institute cultivates entrepreneurial leaders and encourages them to tackle
the great challenges of our times through social ventures. Spanning various geographic
and issue areas, we host 17 different Fellowships.
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For over 60 years, the Aspen Institute has convened the worlds
leaders to pause and reect on the critical issues of our time.
This summer, we invite these leaders to do more than just reect.
We invite them to move from thought to action at the
Aspen Action Forum.
Learn more at www.AspenActionForum.org.
MAJOR FUNDING PROVIDED BY
THE RESNICK FAMILY FOUNDATION
ADDITIONAL SPONSORSHIP PROVIDED BY
David M. Rubenstein
Michael Klein and Joany Fabry
The John P. and Anne Welsh McNulty Foundation
Margot and Tom Pritzker
Gillian and Robert Steel
The Danny Kaye and Sylvia Fine Kaye Foundation
The Ithaka Foundation
The Liberty Fellowship
The Rodel Foundations
Irja Brant and Alireza Ittihadieh
W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
July 29 August 1, 2014 Aspen, Colorado
www.aspenwyeriver.com (410) 820-0905 600 River House Drive, Queenstown, MD 21658
Each site has its own distinct guest rooms,
conference facilities, dining room, and health
amenities. Miles of quiet country roads with
beautiful water views provide a perfect place to
hike or jog at the end of a full day of meetings.
With a total of 51 rooms,
Aspen Wye River offers
two conference facilities
on 1,000 pastoral acres.
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POLICY PROGRAM FELLOWSHIPS
Born from the myriad policy programs at the Aspen
Institute, the Policy Leadership Programs seek to
empower exceptional individuals to lead with innovation
in their chosen fields. These individuals then become
more effective change agents who can influence the
institutions and fields in which they work (or lead) to
create better outcomes for society.
Policy Program Fellows work together and individually to create change.
THE ASCEND FELLOWSHIP
Founded by the Institutes Ascend Program, the Ascend Fellowship targets diverse
pioneers paving new pathways that break the cycle of intergenerational poverty.
aspeninstitute.org/ascend
FIRST MOVERS FELLOWSHIP
Founded by the Institutes Business and Society Program, the First Movers
Fellowship seeks to help the business community live up to its full potential as a
vehicle for positive social change.
aspeninstitute.org/firstmovers
NEW VOICES FELLOWSHIP
Founded by the Institutes Global Health and Development Program, the New Voices
Fellowship cultivates compelling experts to speak on development issues.
aspeninstitute.org/newvoices
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Kim Coates
Broker Associate
970.948.5310
kcoates@masonmorse.com
514 E. Hyman Ave.
970.925.7000
masonmorse.com
Contemporary Aspen Condo
Top foor unit, extensive remodel,
quiet location, 3 blocks from the
center of town. Wood-burning
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FACTS/PROGRAMS
W
Institute Trustee and Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright speaks at a Middle East
Programs event on the Levant.
POLICY
ANNA DEVEARE SMITH WORKS
AT THE ASPEN INSTITUTE
aspeninstitute.org/adsworks
ASCEND, THE FAMILY ECONOMIC
SECURITY PROGRAM
ascend.aspeninstitute.org
ASPEN FORUM FOR COMMUNITY
SOLUTIONS
aspeninstitute.org/solutions
ASPEN GLOBAL HEALTH
AND DEVELOPMENT
aspeninstitute.org/ghd
ASPEN INSTITUTE FRANKLIN PROJECT
aspeninstitute.org/franklin-project
ASPEN NETWORK OF
DEVELOPMENT ENTREPRENEURS
aspeninstitute.org/ande
ASPEN PLANNING AND
EVALUATION PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/apep
ASPEN STRATEGY GROUP
aspeninstitute.org/asg
BUSINESS AND SOCIETY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/bsp
CENTER FOR NATIVE
AMERICAN YOUTH
cnay.org
COLLEGE EXCELLENCE PROGRAM
aspenccprize.org
COMMUNICATIONS AND
SOCIETY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/c&s
COMMUNITY STRATEGIES GROUP
aspeninstitute.org/csg
CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/congressional
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/eop
EDUCATION AND SOCIETY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/education
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/ee
GLOBAL ALLIANCES PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/gap
HEALTH, MEDICINE, AND
SOCIETY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/health
HOMELAND SECURITY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/security
INITIATIVE ON FINANCIAL SECURITY
aspeninstitute.org/ifs
JUSTICE AND SOCIETY PROGRAM
aspeninstitute.org/justice
MANUFACTURING AND SOCIETY
IN THE 21ST CENTURY
aspeninstitute.org/mfg
MIDDLE EAST PROGRAMS
aspeninstitute.org/mideast
PROGRAM ON PHILANTHROPY AND
SOCIAL INNOVATION
aspeninstitute.org/psi
PROGRAM ON THE WORLD ECONOMY
aspeninstitute.org/pwe
ROUNDTABLE ON COMMUNITY CHANGE
aspeninstitute.org/rcc
SPORTS AND SOCIETY
sportsandsociety.org
Policy programs and initiatives serve as nonpartisan forums for
analysis, consensus-building, and problem-solving on a wide
variety of issues.
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FACTS/PROGRAMS
Institute President and CEO Walter Isaacson speaks with National Security Advisor Susan Rice at Washington Ideas Forum.
PUBLIC
ASPEN IDEAS FESTIVAL
This weeklong, large-scale public event
co-hosted by The Atlantic brings
some of the worlds brightest minds
and leaders to Aspen every summer
for enlightened dialogue on the
planets most pressing issues.
aspenideas.org
WASHINGTON IDEAS FORUM
Presented in partnership with The
Atlantic and the Newseum, this
Washington, DC-based event features
leading gures in public policy
discussing the most important issues
of the day.
NEW YORK IDEAS
The Institute and The Atlantic host an
annual event featuring cutting-edge
innovators in discussion on the state of
the global business landscape.
ASPEN WRITERS FOUNDATION
Throughout the year, the Aspen Writers
Foundation encourages writers in their
craft and readers in their appreciation
of literature by hosting festivals,
readings, and other literary exchanges.
aspenwriters.org
ASPEN SECURITY FORUM
On the Institutes campus in Aspen,
the Aspen Security Forum convenes
leaders in government, industry, media,
think tanks, and academia to explore
key homeland security and counter-
terrorism issues.
aspensecurityforum.org
THE ASPEN CHALLENGE
With the Bezos Family Foundation, the
Aspen Challenge provides a platform,
inspiration, and tools for young people
to design solutions to some of the
most critical and complicated problems
our society faces.
theaspenchallenge.org
THE ASPEN INSTITUTE
ARTS PROGRAM
The Arts Program was established to
support and invigorate the arts in America
and to return the arts to the Institutes
Great Conversation. It brings together
artists, advocates, educators, managers,
foundations, and government ofcials
to exchange ideas and develop policies
that strengthen the reciprocal relationship
between the arts and society.
aspeninstitute.org/artsprogram
ONGOING PROGRAMS
IN NEW YORK
The Institute hosts a variety of pro-
grams in New York City, from book
talks and benets to roundtable
discussions, forums, and The Aspen
Leadership Series: Conversations with
Great Leaders in Memory of Preston
Robert Tisch.
ASPEN COMMUNITY PROGRAMS
The Institute offers residents of
Aspen and the surrounding Roaring
Fork Valley communities a variety
of programs throughout the year,
including speaker series, community
seminars, and lm screenings.
aspeninstitute.org/aspenevents
ONGOING PROGRAMS
IN WASHINGTON, DC
From September through June, the
Institutes DC headquarters hosts the
Alma and Joseph Gildenhorn Book
Series, featuring discussions with
major recent authors. Concurrently, the
Washington Ideas Roundtable Series
focuses on world affairs, arts, and culture.
aspeninstitute.org/events
Public conferences and events provide a commons for people
to share ideas.
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Human
Sustainability
Providing a wide range
of foods and beverages,
from treats to healthy eats
Our goal to deliver
sustained value
Environmental
Sustainability
Finding innovative ways
to minimize our impact on
the environment and lower
our costs through energy
and water conservation
as well as reduced use of
packaging material
Talent
Sustainability
Providing a safe and
inclusive workplace for our
employees globally and
respecting, supporting
and investing in the local
communities in which
weoperate
@PepsiCo
pepsico.com
facebook.com/PepsiCo
Follow Us On:
Performance
with Purpose
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FACTS
CONNECT WITH US
TO CONTACT INSTITUTE LEADERS
SEMINARS
Director
Todd Breyfogle
202.341.7803
todd.breyfogle@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/seminars
HENRY CROWN
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
Managing Director of Henry Crown
Fellowship Program
Tonya Hinch
202.736.3523
tonya.hinch@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/crown
DONATIONS, SPECIAL EVENTS,
AND BENEFITS
Senior Development Manager
Leah Bitounis
202.736.2289
leah.bitounis@aspeninstitute.org
ASPEN GLOBAL LEADERSHIP
NETWORK
Vice President,
Deputy Director of Leadership Initiatives
Abigail Golden-Vazquez
202.736.2537
abigail.goldenvazquez@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/leadership
ASPEN COMMUNITY PROGRAMS
Director
Cristal Logan
970.544.7929
cristal.logan@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/community
PUBLIC PROGRAMS
Vice President,
Aspen Ideas Festival,
Director
Kitty Boone
970.544.7926
kitty.boone@aspeninstitute.org
aspenideas.org
Vice President,
Director
Jamie Miller
202.736.1075
jamie.miller@aspeninstitute.org
POLICY PROGRAMS
Director of
Administration, Policy and Public
Programs
Donna Horney
202.736.5835
donna.h@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/policy-work
ASPEN ACROSS AMERICA
Executive Director of National Programs
Eric L. Motley
202.736.2900
eric.motley@aspeninstitute.org
SOCRATES PROGRAM
INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS
Vice President,
Director
Melissa Ingber
202.736.1077
melissa.ingber@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/socrates
aspeninstitute.org/international
THE SOCIETY OF FELLOWS
Director
Peter Waanders
970.544.7912
peter.waanders@aspeninstitute.org
aspeninstitute.org/sof
HERITAGE SOCIETY
To learn more about planned giving
opportunities, please call
Susan Sherwin
202.736.1088
aspeninstitute.org/heritagesociety
MEDIA INQUIRIES
Director of Communications and
Public Affairs
Jennifer Myers
202.736.2906
jennifer.myers@aspeninstitute.org
OFFICES
HEADQUARTERS
Suite 700, One Dupont Circle, NW
Washington, DC 20036-1133
202.736.5800
ASPEN CAMPUS
1000 North Third Street
Aspen, CO 81611
970.925.7010
WYE RIVER CAMPUS
2010 Carmichael Road, P.O. Box 222
Queenstown, MD 21658
410.827.7168
NEW YORK OFFICES
477 Madison Avenue, Suite 730
New York, NY 10022
212.895.8000
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ASPEN SALES & RENTALS
A HE I D I HO US T O N C O MPA NY
Note: Although the information herein is believed to be reliable, it shall be incumbent upon Purchaser to research and investigate all aspects of the subject property to Purchasers own satisfaction.
520 EAST HYMAN AVENUE POST OFFICE BOX 12368 ASPEN, COLORADO 81612 970-925-6866
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Sense of Home
5 Bedrooms Walk everywhere Price $7,488,000
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8 minutes to Aspen 6 Bedrooms Price $5,600,000
Aspen Core Contemporary Home
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Aspen Log Home Next to National Forest
ASR Ideas ad 4/24/14_Layout 1 4/24/14 9:09 PM Page 1
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FOLLOW US
HOW TO CONNECT WITH THE
ASPEN IDEAS FESTIVAL
To join the conversation on Twitter during the
Aspen Ideas Festival, go to twitter.com/aspenideas
or @aspenideas.
To download the Aspen Ideas App on Google
Play or iTunes, visit http://as.pn/apps.
In honor of the 10th anniversary of the Aspen
Ideas Festival, aspenideas.org got a refresh. Stop
by whether you are planning to go to the Festival
or just keep up with it from afar. Youll nd daily
updates, live feeds, videos, blog content, and more,
covering all the action on the Aspen Meadows
campus and beyond.
Join our friends at
facebook.com/AspenInstitute.
To learn how to reach individual policy
programs on Facebook, go to
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A GOOD LIFE DESERVES
A LASTING LEGACY.
WHAT WILL
YOURS BE?
Charitable giving is one very important
way to make a difference, and by
supporting the Aspen Institute you
can help extend your impact on our
programs for generations to come.

Please contact Kristin Robinson at
(202)701-3252, kristin.robinson@
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options for your family and the benefts
of membership in The Heritage Society.
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ASPEN MUSIC FESTIVAL AND SCHOOL
June 26 to August 17, 2014
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THE LAST WORD
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
JOSH WYNER | Executive
Director of the Aspen
Institute College Excellence
Program
A central predictor
of poverty is failure to
complete college. For
colleges to graduate more
low-income students with
job-ready skills, boards of
trustees, policymakers, and
others must recalibrate
their expectations so
college presidents
success is dened less
by exclusivity of their
institutions and more by
how much they contribute
to social mobility.
MAUREEN CONWAY
Executive Director,
Economic Opportunities
Program
Of the approximately
46 million poor individuals
in the US, roughly 11 million
are working adults. In
todays economy, the poor
need more than a job to
escape poverty. Policies that
would enhance the chances
of working people not
being poor include raising
wages, supporting paid-
leave policies, improving
education and training,
expanding access to
child care, and facilitating
sufcient retirement saving.
What
one idea
has the
greatest potential
to address the
crisis of poverty
in America?
Q
RUTH J. KATZ | Director of
the Health, Medicine and
Society Program
Access to health care
keeps people out of poverty
and allows them to work,
educate their children, and
build stronger communities.
Expanding Medicaid, which
already spares some
3 million Americans from
poverty, is the tool to use.
Thats shrewd economic and
social policy, and the right
thing to do.
LISA MENSAH | Executive
Director, the Aspen Institute
Initiative on Financial
Security
Help people hold on to
their money by building
long-term savings in a
nancial institution, in an
account whose contributions
can be matched by a tax
credit. Saving for goals such
as nancing an education,
a home, or retirement
helps people move from
just getting by to getting
ahead.
STEVE PATRICK | Executive
Director, Aspen Forum for
Community Solutions
Collective impact, a
strategy designed to
solve complex issues
using cross-system/sector
collaborations, can be a
game changer for the war
on poverty. The Aspen
Forum for Community
Solutions is employing
this strategy through
the Opportunity Youth
Incentive Fund, intended
to deepen pathways to
good jobs for formerly
disconnected youth.
ERIN BAILEY | Executive
Director, Center for Native
American Youth
Invest in tribal and urban
Indian communities to
ensure that children of
the First Americans have
access to opportunity.
Elevate stories of success to
change the dialogue, compel
resources, and create
scalable change.
ANNE MOSLE | Executive
Director, Ascend
If you want a family to
succeed, you cant give one
family member a balloon
and leave the other with a
dead weight. Programs and
policies that address the
needs of children and their
families together can harness
the familys full potential,
start a cycle of opportunity,
and put the entire family
on a path to educational
success and permanent
economic security.
JANET TOPOLSKY | Director,
Community Strategies Group
Economic developers
work hard to create jobs
and land new companies,
competing across towns
and country in a zero-sum
game to the tune of $80
billion annually. But many of
the jobs arent great, dont
last, or do little for upward
mobility. What if we reward
economic developers instead
for collaborating within
their regions to help people
and rms already there do
better? Change the goal of
economic development to
reducing poverty.
ROSS WIENER | Executive
Director, Education and
Society Program
Mass education fueled
American growth in the
Industrial Era; it will take
new approaches to prepare
todays young people so
they can create innovation
and opportunity that we
cant yet imagine. We
need to reimagine public
education with the goal
of actively engaging and
authentically inspiring every
young American to work
hard and succeed in school.
WE ASK OUR EXPERT DIRECTORS TO WEIGH IN ON ONE OF THE MOST PRESSING ISSUES OF OUR TIME.
i
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o
c
k
.
c
o
m
/
B
r
a
n
d
y
T
a
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l
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r

_PDF-the_last_word_5/27/14_c.indd 128 5/28/14 2:07 PM
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As Americas population grows more diverse, it is vital that steps

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