ROLL NO: 069MSP705

Subject: Power System Stability and Dynamics

Assignment: 1
%Program to study the effect of Tp , Tg and Tt on R
Case1: Say it is a standard case.
%initial data provided
Tg=0.1; % in Sec
Tt=1; % in Sec
H=5; % in Watt-sec/VA
D=8.33*10^-3; % in PU/Hz
R=1;
%assume other parameters
fs=50; % in Hz
% Ws=(1/2)*J*Wo^2;
% but J=2*H*VA/Wo^2;
% ie, Ws= H*VA; say VA=100;
VA=100;
Ws=H*VA;
% calculation of Tp and Kp
Kp=1/D;
Tp=2*Ws/(fs*D);

% now Open Loop Transfer Function (OLTF) can be written as below
% (Kp/R)/((1+sTg)(1+sTt)(1+sTp))
% (Kp/R)/(TgTtTp*s^3+(TgTp+TgTt+TtTp)*s^2+(Tg+Tt+Tp)*s+1)
num=[Kp/R];
den=[Tg*Tt*Tp Tg*Tp+Tp*Tt+Tt*Tg Tg+Tt+Tp 1];
G=tf(num,den);
rlocus(G);

%End of the Program


Figure 1: Root Locus Plot for LF control system

Here, system is stable for
Gain<60;
ie, 60>1/DR
or, R>0.5
ROLL NO: 069MSP705
%Program to study the effect of Tp , Tg and Tt on R
Case2: Time constants are increased than in the standard case.
%initial data provided
Tg=0.5; % in Sec
Tt=2; % in Sec
H=5; % in Watt-sec/VA
D=8.33*10^-3; % in PU/Hz
R=1;
%assume other parameters
fs=50; % in Hz
% Ws=(1/2)*J*Wo^2;
% but J=2*H*VA/Wo^2;
% ie, Ws= H*VA; say VA=100;
VA=30;
Ws=H*VA;

% calculation of Tp and Kp
Kp=1/D;
Tp=2*Ws/(fs*D);

% now Open Loop Transfer Function (OLTF) can be written as below
% (Kp/R)/((1+sTg)(1+sTt)(1+sTp))
% (Kp/R)/(TgTtTp*s^3+(TgTp+TgTt+TtTp)*s^2+(Tg+Tt+Tp)*s+1)
num=[Kp/R];
den=[Tg*Tt*Tp Tg*Tp+Tp*Tt+Tt*Tg Tg+Tt+Tp 1];
G=tf(num,den);
rlocus(G);

%End of the Program

Figure 2: Root Locus Plot for LF control system
Here, system is stable for
Gain<11;
ie, 11>1/DR
or, R>0.0916
ROLL NO: 069MSP705
%Program to study the effect of Tp , Tg and Tt on R
Case3: Time constants are decreased than in the standard case.
%initial data provided
Tg=0.06; % in Sec
Tt=0.8; % in Sec
H=5; % in Watt-sec/VA
D=8.33*10^-3; % in PU/Hz
R=1;
%assume other parameters
fs=50; % in Hz
% Ws=(1/2)*J*Wo^2;
% but J=2*H*VA/Wo^2;
% ie, Ws= H*VA; say VA=100;
VA=30;
Ws=H*VA;
% calculation of Tp and Kp
Kp=1/D;
Tp=2*Ws/(fs*D);

% now Open Loop Transfer Function (OLTF) can be written as below
% (Kp/R)/((1+sTg)(1+sTt)(1+sTp))
% (Kp/R)/(TgTtTp*s^3+(TgTp+TgTt+TtTp)*s^2+(Tg+Tt+Tp)*s+1)
num=[Kp/R];
den=[Tg*Tt*Tp Tg*Tp+Tp*Tt+Tt*Tg Tg+Tt+Tp 1];
G=tf(num,den);
rlocus(G);

%End of the Program

Figure 3: Root Locus Plot for LF control system

Here, system is stable for
Gain<103;
ie, 103>1/DR
or, R>0.858
ROLL NO: 069MSP705
%Program to study the effect of Tp , Tg and Tt on R
Case4: When energy storing capacity is increased than in the standard case.
%initial data provided
Tg=0.1; % in Sec
Tt=1; % in Sec
H=5; % in Watt-sec/VA
D=8.33*10^-3; % in PU/Hz
R=1;
%assume other parameters
fs=50; % in Hz
% Ws=(1/2)*J*Wo^2;
% but J=2*H*VA/Wo^2;
% ie, Ws= H*VA; say VA=100;
VA=500;
Ws=H*VA;

% calculation of Tp and Kp
Kp=1/D;
Tp=2*Ws/(fs*D);
% now Open Loop Transfer Function (OLTF) can be written as below
% (Kp/R)/((1+sTg)(1+sTt)(1+sTp))
% (Kp/R)/(TgTtTp*s^3+(TgTp+TgTt+TtTp)*s^2+(Tg+Tt+Tp)*s+1)
num=[Kp/R];
den=[Tg*Tt*Tp Tg*Tp+Tp*Tt+Tt*Tg Tg+Tt+Tp 1];
G=tf(num,den);
rlocus(G);

%End of the Program
Figure 4: Root Locus Plot for LF control system
Hence from above analysis we found whatever the value of other parameters might be, R should be
always larger than certain limiting value to pursue stability of the system.
Here, system is stable for
Gain<1000;
ie, 1000>1/DR
or, R>8.33