6825

AN UZBEK GLOSSARY
Compiled by Herv Gurin

To my family
2002-2003 Herv Gurin
Last updated: 1 May 2003
ii
Content
Arr!n"ement !nd U!"e############################################################################################################i
The object o this !"ossary#####################################################################################################i
Genera" arran!e$ent#############################################################################################################i
%irst co"u$n#########################################################################################################################vi
&econd co"u$n###################################################################################################################vii
Third co"u$n#######################################################################################################################'i
%ourth co"u$n####################################################################################################################'ii
Materia"s used or this !"ossary#########################################################################################'iii
B!i$ Con$ept###########################################################################################################################%
(ntities and ('istence###########################################################################################################1
)e"ations###############################################################################################################################*
+ate!ory and ,rder##############################################################################################################-
.uantity and /u$bers########################################################################################################1*
Sp!$e !nd &ime#######################################################################################################################''
&i0e#####################################################################################################################################22
&hape##################################################################################################################################2*
Location##############################################################################################################################21
Ti$e and 2uration##############################################################################################################33
(vents and (vo"ution##########################################################################################################3-
(or$e !nd )otion##################################################################################################################*+
Motion################################################################################################################################31
%orces and (ects##############################################################################################################*3
4rocesses#############################################################################################################################*5
)!tter !nd N!ture##################################################################################################################,*
4roperties############################################################################################################################53
&ubstances##########################################################################################################################10
/ature#################################################################################################################################15
Li-e !nd Hum!n#####################################################################################################################.%
6ita" %unctions###################################################################################################################71
8ody###################################################################################################################################77
4"ants##################################################################################################################################-3
9ni$a"s###############################################################################################################################-7
Hu$ans#############################################################################################################################102
Hea"th and Medicine#########################################################################################################103
/er$eption !nd Co"nition#####################################################################################################%%%
4erception#########################################################################################################################111
Mind#################################################################################################################################113
:no;"ed!e########################################################################################################################121
)e!nin" 0 Spirit##################################################################################################################%1%
,pinion#############################################################################################################################131
Meanin!############################################################################################################################131
1
+o$$unication################################################################################################################135
9rt#####################################################################################################################################1*1
&pirit#################################################################################################################################1*5
C2!r!$ter !nd Emotion######################################################################################################%,%
+haracter###########################################################################################################################151
($otions###########################################################################################################################155
A$tion !nd )od!lity#############################################################################################################%+,
<i""= 9bi"ity and /ecessity##############################################################################################115
9cts and )esu"ts###############################################################################################################171
+ircu$stances###################################################################################################################1-1
Manner##############################################################################################################################1-*
Attitude#################################################################################################################################'33
8ehaviour#########################################################################################################################200
%ee"in!s#############################################################################################################################205
&e"->$a!e########################################################################################################################211
9uthority###########################################################################################################################213
9ppraisa"###########################################################################################################################217
Community############################################################################################################################'''
%a$i"y###############################################################################################################################222
&ocia" Lie########################################################################################################################221
&ociety##############################################################################################################################232
&tate and 4o"itics##############################################################################################################230
Con-li$t !nd 4uti$e###############################################################################################################'*5
+on"ict#############################################################################################################################23*
?ustice###############################################################################################################################2*2
6or7 !nd /oeion############################################################################################################'5,
4ossession and ('chan!e#################################################################################################2*5
<or@ and 4roduction########################################################################################################251
(cono$y###########################################################################################################################211
8!ily Li-e 9:;##########################################################################################################################'+.
Housin!#############################################################################################################################217
,bjects and Too"s#############################################################################################################275
+"othin!############################################################################################################################2-7
8!ily Li-e 9::;#########################################################################################################################135
%ood##################################################################################################################################30*
Transport###########################################################################################################################31*
Leasure#############################################################################################################################320
Lo$ution################################################################################################################################1'1
%or$s o 9ddress#############################################################################################################323
Greetin!s###########################################################################################################################32*
Leave-ta@in!#####################################################################################################################321
>ntroductions#####################################################################################################################327
2
>nvitations#########################################################################################################################32-
)eAuests############################################################################################################################331
9po"o!ies##########################################################################################################################332
9!ree$ent and 2isa!ree$ent##########################################################################################333
Than@s##############################################################################################################################33*
+on!ratu"ations and <ishes#############################################################################################335
4hone +onversation##########################################################################################################337
Misce""aneous###################################################################################################################33-
/roper N!me########################################################################################################################1*'
4"aces and 4eop"es############################################################################################################332
3
Arr!n"ement !nd U!"e
&2e ob<e$t o- t2i "lo!ry
To $a@e it easier or the student o the B0be@ "an!ua!e to acAuire its basic "e'icon# To
achieve that= "e'ica" ite$s are presented accordin! to their se$antic re"ationships= and their
syntactic cate!ory and behaviour are indicated as ;e""#
&uch a !"ossary ;i"" o course prove useu" on"y in the conte't o a steady practice o the
"an!ua!e= ;ith re!u"ar use o other ora" or ;ritten $ateria"s# This is a"" the $ore true that no
e'a$p"e o use in conte't has been !iven here#
62!t t2i "lo!ry doe not de!l =it2
- 4honetic eatures possib"y not re"ected in current spe""in! Ce!# dia"ecta" distinctions bet;een
DoD and DED= DuD and DFD= consonant assi$i"ationsG#
- (ty$o"o!ica" ori!ins o the "e'ica" ite$s CTur@ish stoc@= >ranian= 9rabic= +hinese= )ussian
and ;estern "an!ua!esG#
- 9ntony$y re"ationships bet;een "e'ica" ite$s#
- 2ictionary unctions# 9 pro!ra$ has not co$e yet to $a@e it possib"e to search ro$ (n!"ish
to B0be@ or ro$ B0be@ to (n!"ish#
Gener!l !rr!n"ement
/rin$iple
Le'ica" ite$s= ;ords and co$pound e'pressions are !rouped into "ar!er se$antic ie"ds# (ach
se$antic ie"d co$es ;ith a tab"e= each "ine o ;hich containin! a head-;ord and "e'ica"
ite$s derived ro$ it# The tab"es are $ade out o 3 co"u$ns# The irst co"u$n contains the
head-;ord and its derived "e'ica" ite$s= the second co"u$n their syntactic conditions o use=
the third co"u$n their $eanin! e'pressed in (n!"ish= and the ourth co"u$n contains "in@s
to;ard other acceptances o the ;ord or its derivations#
Le>i$!l item
The "e'ica" ite$s ;hich have been se"ected are $ain"y ;ords= root ;ords or derived ;ords=
but $ay a"so be co$pound e'pressions as ;e"" as so$e o the $ost used co""ocations#
i
%or e'a$p"e:
TBGH-
tugil-
tugma
v#t
v#int
tu!Hi"ish
tu!Hi"!an @unCIiG
adj
!ive birth to
be born
birth
birthday
innate= hereditary=
inborn
&ocia"
TBGH- is a transitive verb= and is a"so the ;ord root ro$ ;hich t;o other ;ords are derived
by "e'ica" sui'ation= tu!Hi"- and tu!H$a#
tu!Hi"ish is not a proper "e'ica" ite$= but is a no$ina" deverbative derived ro$ the verb
tu!Hi"-= and to ;hich corresponds in (n!"ish a ;ord as such CbirthG# 6ery e; o this "ast @ind
o derivations are inc"uded in the !"ossary#
tu!Hi"!an @uni is a co$pound e'pression= reAuent"y used= ;hich corresponds a"so to a sin!"e
;ord in (n!"ish#
Le'ica" ite$s derived ro$ a !iven head-;ord are !rouped to!ether in a sin!"e "ine in the
tab"e= as ar as they be"on! to the sa$e se$antic ie"d#
9 derived ;ord $ay in ter$ serves as a head-;ord or other derived "e'ica" ite$s# %or
instance= 8>L-= @no;= bi"i$= @no;"ed!e= bi"i$don= o !reat "earnin!#
The $ost basic or co$$on ;ords are $ar@ed in bo"d ace Ce#!# tu!Ji"-G#
Sem!nti$ -ield
&evera" se$antic ie"ds have been distin!uished= each o the$ $a@in! up a tab"e# These
se$antic ie"ds $ay be the$se"ves !rouped into ie"ds at a superior "eve"= up to that o the
HTML pa!e#
The divisions and subdivisions deinin! the se$antic ie"ds are o""o;in! the !enera" "ines
adopted in current thesaurus#
9 "e'ica" ite$ $ay very oten pertain to on"y one se$antic ie"d# %or instance= 8BL8BL=
ni!htin!a"e= appears in on"y one se$antic ie"d= na$e"y K9ni$a"sH# 8ut Auite reAuent"y a"so= a
!iven "e'ica" ite$ ;i"" pertain to severa" distinct se$antic ie"ds# 9n e'a$p"e is &98L>=
carrot= ;hich appears in the t;o o""o;in! se$antic ie"ds= K4"antsH and K%oodH# )ather than
se"ectin! arbitrari"y the uniAue ie"d ;here to p"ace such a "e'ica" ite$= both se$antic ie"ds
are @ept or the ite$#
9 !iven "e'ica" ite$ $ay have severa" corre"ated yet distinct $eanin!s= ;hich can pertain to
dierent se$antic ie"ds# %or instance= MBL has as a irst $eanin!= Chu$anG ace= be"on!in!
to the se$antic ie"d K8odyH= and as a derived $eanin!= surace= ace= be"on!in! to the ie"d
K&hapeH# +ross-reerences bet;een dierent occurrences o a sa$e "e'ica" ite$ are
i$p"e$ented by hyperte't "in@s#
<ithin a !iven se$antic ie"d= ite$s are !rouped as $uch as possib"e accordin! to their
se$antic pro'i$ity# These se$antic ie"ds are re"ative"y "ar!e !roupin!s= ;hich $ay be in
ii
turn divided into severa" sub-ie"ds# These divisions are $ateria"i0ed by e$pty "ines in the
tab"e#
9 !iven ;ord $ay appear in t;o dierent sub-ie"d ;ithin a sa$e "ar!e se$antic ie"d# %or
instance= :(+H9 has t;o distinct $eanin!s= ni!ht and yesterday= both in the ie"d KTi$eH=
appearin! then in t;o distinct sub-ie"ds# Lin@s are cross-reerencin! these t;o $eanin!s#
>t $ust be c"ear that any !roupin! and sortin! accordin! to se$antic criteria is $ore or "ess
arbitrary#
Lin7 bet=een le>i$!l item
The $ost co$$on coni!urations are as o""o;s:
Simple items
1G
&e$antic ie"d N
999

iiii -O M
&e$antic ie"d M
999 iiii -O N
>te$ K999H= ;hose $eanin! is KiiiiH= be"on!s to both se$antic ie"ds KNH and KMH# /one is
predo$inant or deter$inin! K999HHs se$antic $e$bership#
2G
&e$antic ie"d N
999 iiii
&e$antic ie"d M
999 iiii -O N
>te$ K999H= ;hose $eanin! is KiiiiH= be"on!s to both se$antic ie"ds KNH and KMH# &e$antic
ie"d KNH is predo$inant or deter$inin! K999HHs se$antic $e$bership# 9 "in@ ro$ KMH to
KNH is then re"evant= but not its reverse#
iii
Items with several meanings
1G
&e$antic ie"d N
999

iiii
jjjj -O M
&e$antic ie"d M
999 iiii
jjjj
-O N
>te$ K999H has t;o distinct $eanin!s= KiiiiH and KjjjjH= KiiiiH bein! its ori!ina" Cor $ainG
$eanin!= and KjjjjH an other Cor derivedG $eanin!# KiiiiH be"on!s to se$antic ie"d KNH and KjjjjH
to KMH# 2erived $eanin! KjjjjH is here a"so re"evant or KNH= and or $eanin! KiiiiH= "in@ is
stron! enou!h ;ith $eanin! KjjjjH to appear a"so in se$antic ie"d KMH#
2G
&e$antic N
999 iiii
jjjj -O M
&e$antic M
999 jjjj -O N
>n this case= ori!ina" $eanin! KiiiiH cannot be"on! to se$antic ie"d KMH= or "in@ ;ith $eanin!
KjjjjH is not stron! enou!h#
Head-word and words derived from it
,n"y derived ;ords be"on!in! direct"y to the sa$e se$antic ie"d as the head-;ord appear in
a ce"" o a tab"e#
9s or the dierent $eanin!s o a !iven "e'ica" ite$= the re"ations bet;een a head-;ord and
;ords derived ro$ it $ay or$ dierent coni!urations#
iv
1G
&e$antic N
999
aaass
iiii
jjjj
-OM
&e$antic ie"d M
999
aaass
iiii
jjjj
-O N
Head-;ord K999H ;ith $eanin! KiiiiH= derived ;ord KaaassH ;ith $eanin! KjjjjH# Head-;ord
and derived ;ord be"on! both to se$antic ie"ds KNH and KMH# This is not the $ost reAuent
case#
2G
&e$antic ie"d N
999
aaass
iiii
jjjj

-O M
&e$antic ie"d M
999&& jjjj -O N
There is pro'i$ity in $eanin! bet;een the head-;ord and its derivation= but head-;ord
K999H does not be"on! to se$antic ie"d KMH# 2erived ;ord KaaassH is c"ose enou!h ro$ its
head-;ord to appear in se$antic ie"d KNH to ;hich the "atter be"on!s# >n KNH= a "in@ or KaaassH
to;ards KMH "eads to a $ajor $eanin! o that derived ;ord# >n KMH= the "in@ to;ards KNH $a@e
the head-;ord avai"ab"e to its derived ;ord#
v
3G
&e$antic ie"d N
999 iiii
&e$antic ie"d M
999&& jjjj -O N
Head-;ord and derived ;ord be"on! to t;o distinct se$antic ie"ds= and havin! in KNH the
derived ;ord appearin! ;ith its head-;ord as ;e"" as havin! in KMH the head-;ord ne't to its
derived ;ord ;ou"d not be re"evant# ,n"y a "in@ in KMH to;ards the head-;ord is provided#
3G
&e$antic ie"d N
999 iiii
&e$antic ie"d M
999&& jjjj
The re"ationship bet;een the head-;ord and the ;ord derived ro$ it is ;ea@ and not
$entioned in the !"ossary#
>n a"" cases "in@s bet;een ite$s are set $ore or "ess arbitrari"y#
Sele$ted le>i$!l item
The basic vocabu"ary has been se"ected= ;ith a distinction bet;een t;o "eve"s= ite$s or
$eanin!s o an ite$ $ar@ed in bo"d ace bein! the $ost basic or co$$on#
<ithout any reAuency "ist= such a se"ection is hi!h"y subjective#
9 co$$on $eanin! o an ite$ is $ar@ed in bo"d ace on"y in the tab"e correspondin! to its
se$antic ie"d# <hen such a $eanin! appears in an other se$antic ie"d= it is not $ar@ed so#
(irt $olumn
The irst co"u$n contains B0be@ head-;ords ;ith ;ords derived ro$ ;hen se"ected# 9 head-
;ord appears at the be!innin! o the ce""= and is ;ritten in capita" "etters# 9 head-;ord is the
vi
root ;ord or ;ords derived ro$ it= and $ay itse" derives ro$ a head-;ord appearin!
e"se;here in the !"ossary#
2erived ;ords o""o;= ;ritten in "o;er case ita"ics#
,n"y ;ords appear in irst co"u$n# )e"evant !ra$$atica" derivations= e'pressions and
co""ocations appear in second co"u$n= these bein! $ore or "ess speciic uses o the ;ord in
irst co"u$n# The basic criterion or deter$inin! ;hat is a ;ord is si$p"y its spe""in!= a ;ord
bein! ;ritten in one piece#
2erived and redup"icate ter$s Ce#!# Aara$a-Aarshi= oppositeG appear in the sa$e "ine as the
head-;ord= but in second co"u$n= $ore or space reasons than anythin! e"se# They are ;ritten
in "o;er case ita"ics#
&a$e hand"in! or co$pound-;ords= derived ro$ t;o or $ore root ;ordsCe#!# ich@i-tash@i=
inside and outsideG= ;ritten in second co"u$n and in "o;er case ita"ics# They appear in a
separate "ine#
>n Tur@ic "an!ua!es= "e'ica" derivation is $ade by $eans o sui'ation= and there are a"so
cases o prei'ation Cuse o 4ersian prei'esG# These t;o types o ai'ation are hand"ed in the
sa$e ;ay and ;ritten in "o;er case ita"ics# <ords ro$ 9rabic are a"so part o the B0be@
vocabu"ary= so$e o the$ derived ro$ a sa$e 9rabic root= by prei'ation= sui'ation or
ini'ation= these ai'es bein! not productive as such in B0be@# %or so$e o these ;ords= the
se$antic pro'i$ity bet;een the$ is not stron! enou!h or the$ to be !rouped in the sa$e
"ine Ce#!# :>T,8= boo@ and M9:T98= schoo"G= but or others such a !roupin! is $ade Ce#!#
M9&HHB)= a$ous and &HBH)9T= a$eG# These t;o or$s bein! Auite dierent= they are
both ;ritten in capita" "etters in the sa$e "ine# The sa$e is done ;ith ;ords ro$ ;estern
ori!in Ce#!# (:,/,M>:= (:,/,M>&TG#
The $ost co$$on derived ;ord ro$ a !iven head-;ord have been se"ected# %or the verbs in
particu"ar= passiveDre"e'ive and causative derived verbs have been $ost oten se"ected=
e'cepted ;hen these did not brin! anythin! by the$se"ves# )eciproca"Dcooperative verbs have
a"$ost never been se"ected= e'cepted ;hen their $eanin! had so$ethin! $ore ;ith respect to
the basic reciproca"Dcooperative $eanin! brou!ht by the correspondin! sui'#
>n so$e very rare cases= t;o synony$ous ;ords can appear on the sa$e "ine= separated by a
s"ash JDJ# %or instance= @iydir-D@iy!i0-= have so$eone put on c"othes#
6o;e"s that can be e"ided ;ith so$e sui'es C8B)B/= nose -O burni= his noseG have been
;ritten in s$a""er ont : 8B)B/# >rre!u"ar possessive sui'ation are a"so $entioned here
Co""o;in! a KIH si!nG and ;ritten in s$a""er ont C9&HM,I> instead o ashyosiG#
Se$ond $olumn
The second co"u$n contains basica""y a description o ho; ;ords "isted in irst co"u$n are
used in the "an!ua!e#
vii
1G The ;ordHs !ra$$atica" cate!ory Cin B0be@G is irst $entioned:
ad adjective or adverb
adj adjective
adv adverb
n na$e
nu$ nu$ber
post postposition
pron pronoun
v#int intransitive verb
v#t transitive verb
$eas $easure
ne! ne!ative
2G <hen the ;ord $ay unction as the head o a syntactic unit Cc"ause= noun phrasePG ;ith
one or severa" dependant ar!u$ents= the ar!u$entsH $ar@in! is $entioned# This is $ore oten
the case or verbs C;ith subject= direct object= indirect object= etc#G= but $ay be a"so the case o
so$e adjectives or nouns# 2istinctions bet;een core and periphera" ar!u$ents are not $ade#
The subject o a verb is !enera""y not $entioned= as ;e"" as the direct object o a transitive
verb ;hen it is basica""y its on"y ar!u$ent#
+o$pounds verbs or$ed ;ith Ai"- are supposed transitive i no speciic ar!u$ent is
speciied# Those or$ed ;ith boJ"- are supposed intransitive#
9n ar!u$ent appears in the o""o;in! or$: nature o the ar!u$ent I reerence o the
ar!u$ent I case#
%or instance /NIdan reerences a no$ina" phrase reerenced as N in the (n!"ish trans"ation
Cco"u$n 3G= in the ab"ative case#
9r!u$ents are reerenced as N= M= L= be!innin! ;ith core ar!u$ents#
/atures o ar!u$ents are:
/ /oun phrase
6 6erb phrase
9 9djective
nu$ nu$ber
+ +"ause
+ases are:
Ini direct object D accusative
I!a dative
Ida "ocative
Idan ab"ative
Inin! !enitive
9 noun $ay bear a prono$ina" sui'# This is noted usin! its va"ue in the 3
rd
sin!u"ar person:
Ii prono$ina" sui'
CIsi i the noun ends ;ith a vo;e"G
viii
The prono$ina" sui' $ay co$bine ;ith casua" sui'es: Iida= Ii!a= etc#
>n order to save space= the ;ord is rep"aced by KQH= and ;hen $ar@in! o the ar!u$ents occurs
on the sa$e "ine that the !ra$$atica" cate!ory these are separated by HRH#
('a$p"es:
8()- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q !ive N to M= !rant N to
M

9ML9/-
aylantir-
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
turn into N= chan!e
into N
turn N into M=
transor$ N into M

,H)>/

n
/NInin! ornIini bos-
p"ace= roo$
rep"ace N= ta@e the
p"ace o N

&o$e additiona" considerations:
The direct object is in B0be@ as in the other Tur@ic "an!ua!es $ar@ed dierent"y accordin! to
;hether it is speciicDdeinite or not# >n the irst case= it bears the accusative case sui'= and in
the second one= does not bear casua" $ar@in!= and $ust i$$ediate"y precede the verb# The
notation /NIni is syste$atica""y used or $ar@in! the direct object= instead o /NCIniG= $ore
correct but ta@in! s"i!ht"y $ore space#
>n the sa$e ;ay= no$ina" phrases ;ith a noun dependant does not a";ays use the !enitive
case= but the notation /NInin! is syste$atica""y used= instead o /NCInin!G#
/o$ina" phrases are headed by a noun= and this can be a"so a no$ina" deverbative Cor verb
nounG# >n so$e cases= reerence $i!ht be $ade to the deverbative and its type:
/CishGN notes a no$ina" phrase ;hich can a"so be a verba" noun in -ish= the notation 6NIish
is then used#
/C!aniGN notes a no$ina" phrase ;hich can a"so be a verba" noun derivin! ro$ a past
particip"e o""o;ed by a prono$ina" sui'#
The notation o these possibi"ities is not syste$atic# /N ;ithout $ore precision $ay very
;e"" reer a"so to a no$ina" phrase headed by a verb noun#
('a$p"e:
N,HL9- v#t R /CishGNIni Q ;ant N= ;ish N= desire
N

8>L-
v#t
6NIishni bi"-
6NI!anini bi"-
@no;= co$prehend
@no; ho; to N
@no; that N

i'
3G +o$pound e'pressions
aG %or so$e "e'ica" ite$s derivations obtained throu!h pure !ra$$atica" devices $ay be
"isted i presentin! so$e interest or that !"ossary# This has been @ept restricted as $uch as
possib"e# ('a$p"e as o""o;in!:
8>L-
v#t
bi"$ay D bi"$asdan
bi"$as"i@
bi"ish
@no;= co$prehend
un@no;in!"y
i!norance
@no;-ho;

bG Many co$pound verbs are or$ed ro$ nouns co$pound ;ith boH"- Cintransitive verbsG or
Ai"- Cet-G Ctransitive verbsG# &uch verbs appear a"so in second co"u$n= even i one shou"d
notice that very oten such co$pound verbs ;ith Ai"- are synony$ous ;ith the verbs derived
ro$ the noun throu!h sui'ation -"a= ;hich appear in irst co"u$n#
cG &o$e e'pressions usin! verba" au'i"iaries are used co$$on"y enou!h to appear a"so in that
!"ossary= even i such e'pressions are strict"y spea@in! not part o the "e'icon#
%or instance:
:,H)-
v#t R /C!aniGNIni Q
@oHrib tur-
@oHrib Ao"-
see N
observe= ;atch
notice

dG &o$e other e'pressions= c"ose"y re"ated to a !iven "e'ica" ite$= $ay i!ure under its
headin!#
%or instance:
9L,8
n
a0ob tort- D che@-
/NI!a Q ber-
suerin!
suer
torture N

3G 9s seen previous"y= the second co"u$n $ay a"so contain redup"icated derived ter$s
CintensiveG= as ;e"" as co$pound ;ords ro$ t;o dierent roots# They are ;ritten in "o;er
case ita"ics#
Other notations
>t $ay happen that in order to save space t;o or $ore e'pressions appear on a sa$e "ine#
('pressions Cor e"e$ents o e'pressionsG ;ith sa$e or c"ose $eanin!s are separated by KDH#
9 specia" case is that o dierent ob"iAue cases used in a sa$e set o e'pressions= ;hose
dierent $eanin!s are si$p"y those deter$ined by the !enera" $eanin!s o these cases#
'
('pressions Cor e"e$ents o e'pressionsG ;ith radica""y dierent $eanin!s Ceven i
corre"atedG are separated by KDDH#
>n a"" these e'pressions= the "e'ica" ite$ $ay be rep"aced ;ith KQH i space needs to be saved#
('a$p"es are as o""o;in!:
(&
n
esIida tut- D saA"a-
esIida bor DD yoHA
$e$ory
$ind
@eep in $ind= bear in $ind
re$e$ber DD do not
re$e$ber

,)9 n
/NInin!
QIsidaDdanD!a
interspace= $idd"e= $idst
a$on! N

&2ird $olumn
The third co"u$n contains the $eanin!CsG o "e'ica" ite$s and re"ated e'pressions= as
rendered by trans"ationCsG in (n!"ish#
These trans"ations $ay contain reerences to ar!u$ents o the syntactic core ;hose the "e'ica"
ite$ is the nuc"eus# 9r!u$ents reerenced are those $entioned in second co"u$n CN= M= LG# >t
$ay happen that or so$e verbs an ar!u$ent not subject in B0be@ and as such reerenced in
second co"u$n is the subject o the (n!"ish trans"ation# >n this case= that ar!u$ent appears
bet;een brac@ets in the trans"ation= ;ith the verb in the ininitive or$#
('a$p"e:
GBM,/
n
/MIdan /NInin! QIi
bor
/NIdan !u$on Ai"-
suspicion= doubt
CNG be suspicious o M
suspect N= doubt N

>n the trans"ation so$e additiona" e"e$ents $ay he"p interpretin! the trans"ation= or $ay
precise the nature o a !iven ar!u$ent# These appear ;ithin brac@ets# <hen those e"e$ents
precise the nature o an N= M or L ar!u$ent their contents be!in ;ith KSH#
Abbreviations
sb so$ebody
sth so$ethin!
s;h so$e;here
o#s# onese"
esp especia""y
i! i!urative"y
"D "itera" and i!urative C$eanin!G
'i
KDH and KDDH $ay be used ;ith the sa$e unction as in the second co"u$n Ce'pressions havin!
para""e" structure= ;ith ana"o!ous or dierent $eanin!sG#
>n so$e cases= distinct $eanin!s o a sa$e "e'ica" ite$= rather than to appear in distinct "ines
;i"" be on a sa$e "ine= separated by KTH#
(ourt2 $olumn
The ourth co"u$n contains "in@s to other reerences to the "e'ica" ite$ in other parts o the
!"ossary Csee above "in@s bet;een "e'ica" ite$sG#
These "in@s do not point e'act"y to the e'act occurrence o the "e'ica" ite$= as they shou"d
idea""y do= but point to the se$antic ie"d containin! that occurrence# >n order to !et it= one
$ust then use the ind unction avai"ab"e ;ith the bro;ser#
'ii
)!teri!l ued -or t2i "lo!ry
B0be@-(n!"ish dictionary: /ata"ie <aterson= ,'ord Bniversity 4ress= 1-70#
,J0be@ ti"inin! i0oh"i "u!Jat: L#M# Mairuov= Mos@va Jrus ti"iJ nashriyoti= 1-71
,J0be@cha-ruscha "u!Jat: &# 9@obirova= 6# Mi'ai"ova= Tosh@ent= 1-77
B0be@s@iy ya0i@ d"ya v0roc"i': /#9 :issen= &h#B# )a'$atu""ayev= Tosh@ent oJAituvchi= 1-7-
%ransu0cha-ruscha-oJ0be@cha "u!Jat: M#N# .orayeva= Tosh@ent oJAituvchi= 1--1
B0be@-(n!"ish= (n!"ish-B0be@ dictionary: :a$ran M# :ha@i$ov= Hippocrene boo@s= 1--3
Guide par" ranUais-ou0be@-russe: Tosh@ent oJAituvchi= 1--3
+o""oAuia" B0be@: :urtu"ush V0topUu= 9udio-oru$= 1--3
Modern "iterary B0be@: :hayru""a >s$atu""a= >ndiana Bniversity= 1--*
(n!"ish-B0be@-)ussian reerence boo@: LM#T Tris@u"ov et a"= Tosh@ent oJAituvchi= 1--*
2ictionary o the Tur@ic "an!ua!es: :urtu"ush V0topUu et a"= London )out"ed!e= 1--5
+entra" 9sia phraseboo@: ?# )ude"son= ?# :a@harov et a"= Lone"y 4"anet 4ub"ications= 1--7
,H0be@ ti"i= chet e""i@"ar uchun a$a"iy @urs: Mu# 90i0'onova= )# To"ipova= Tosh@ent= 1---
Lan!ari :e$a B0be@-(n!"ish dictionary: <# 2ir@s=
http:DD;;;#!eocities#co$D0an!ariW@e$aDi0"atop#ht$"
2ictionnaire ,u0be@-%ranUais: 8# 8a"ci= :h# >bra!i$ov= B# Mansurov= ?# Bhres= "J9siathXAue=
2001
4ar"ons ,u0be@: &aodat 2oniyorova= "JHar$attan= 2001
Ho0ir!i oH0be@ ti"i ao" soH0"arnin! i0oh"i "u!Hati: 9#Hojiyev et a"= &harA nashriyot-$atbaa
a@siyador"i@ @o$paniyasi= Tosh@ent= 2001
Teachionary B0be@ <ord &ets= http:DDcassandra#spre'#co$DteachionaryDB0be@Wa""#ht$
B0be@ dictionary Y phraseboo@: /# 9;de= <# 2ir@s= B# Hi@$atu""aeva= Hippocrene boo@s=
2002
B0be@-(n!"ish dictionary C"atinG: 9#4ai0iev= trans"ate#u0= http:DD;;;#nuu#u0D;eb"u!at
B0be@istan ,n"ine %oru$= http:DD;;;#oru$#u0D= ti""ar sahiasi
B0Land#co$= http:DDu0"and#co$D"an!ua!eWtutor#c$Z"essS1YidS1
4ouvoir= don et rseau' en ,u0b@istan post-sovitiAue: 8oris-Mathieu 4tric= 4B%= 2002
'iii
B!i$ Con$ept
Entitie !nd E>iten$e
NARSA n
2!r ?? bir ?? 2e$2 n!r!
t2in"@ ob<e$t
everyt2in" ?? ome t2in" ?? not2in"

8BMBM n thin!CsG= artic"es Cor useG= !oods ,bjects
4)(2M(T n object= thin!
:SH n
NABnin" CBi
m!tter@ !--!ir@ buine@ t2in"
;or@= job= tas@
AD !--!ir@ buine@ <ob
9ction
<or@
GA/ n
@atta !ap
ni$a !apZ
hech !ap yoJA
m!tter@ !--!ir 9to t!l7 !bout;
bi! event
;hat has happenedZ
nothin! $uch= never $ind= no prob"e$
Meanin!
8(:,) n= ad nothin!
use"essCnessG= e$ptyCnessG 9ction
BODLE v#int
NA?AA C
/ND9N QIib Ao"-
/N QIib
be@ $ome into bein"@ 2!ppen
be$ome A@ "et A
beco$e N= !et N
as CaG N
(vents
BOR
borlik
!d<
NYBnin" NABi C
NYBd! NA C
bor boJ"-
n
e>itent@ preent
9Y; 2!ve A 9poeion;
9Y; 2!ve A 9=it2 it;
be presentT e'ist
e'istence
4ossession
YODF
yo'lik
!d<
NYBnin" NABi C
NYBd! NA C
yoJA boJ"-
n
nonEe>itent@ !bent
9Y; 2!ve not A 9poeion;
9Y; 2!ve not A 9=it2 it;
"ac@T disappear= vanish
non-e'istence= absence
4ossession
M96?B2
mavjudlik
mav!udot
adj
$avjud boJ"-
n
n
e'istin!= avai"ab"e
e'ist= be avai"ab"e
e>iten$e@ !v!il!bility
nature= essence= bein!

/AY8O n G p!ydo boDlE
paydo Ai"-
!ppe!r
produce

KODR:NE v#int be viible@ !ppe!r@ emer"e 4erception
yuH berE 2!ppen 8ody
8B/M,2 n R bunyod boH"-
bunyod Ai"-
appear= be created
$a@e appear= create
9ction
+H>.- v#int
@e"ib chiA-
bunday @e"ib chiAadi@i +N
co$e out= appear= e$er!e
happen
it o""o;s that N
Motion
&,2>) n R sodir boJ"- happen
YODFOLE v#int di!ppe!r@ "et lot
1
:(T-
ketka"-
v#int
yoJA boJ"ib @et-
v#t
!o= "eave
disappear= vanish
$a@e disappear= vanish
Motion
,J+H-
o'chir-
v#int
v#t
disappear= vanish
$!ue to v!ni2@ er!e
&ubstances
:BM- v#int disappear= !et "ost &ubstances
GJ,M>8
g'oyibona
adj
!Joyib boJ"-
!Joyib Ai"-
adv
absent= invisib"e
disappear= vanish
cause to vanish= ta@e a;ay= re$ove
bein! invisib"e= secret"y

HO8:SA n
ba'tsi0 D @oJn!i"si0 Q
event@ in$ident@ 2!ppenin"
accident= $ishap

H9L,:9T
halokatli
n
ha"o@at!a uchra-
adj
accident= disaster= ;rec@
$eet ;ith an accident
accidenta"= disastrous
6ita"
IOFEA n event@ in$ident
%9:T n act
?9)9M,/ n process
&ASO8:(
tasodifiy
tasodifan
n
adj
adv
$2!n$e@ -!te
accidenta"= casua"
by chance

MBJ?>L9 n $irac"e
&9)GBL9&HT n adventure
&AF8:R n -!te
%9L9: n s@yT ate /ature
4(&H9/9 D
4(&H,/9
n ate= destiny 8ody
T,L(I> n "uc@= ortune= ate +ircu$st#
.>&M9T n ate Co sbG

)U)K:N
mumkinlik
nomumkin
!d<
NA IYBi2i C
boJ"ishi $u$@in boJ"!an
n
adj
poible
9Y; be poible -or A
C;hose e'istence isG possib"e
possibi"ity
i$possib"e
:no;"ed!e
9uthority
>M:,/
imkonsi"
imkoniyat
n
adj
n
possibi"ity
i$possib"e
possibi"ityT opportunity
:no;"ed!e
+ircu$st#
EH&:)OL
ehtimollik
!d
n
har ehti$o"!a Aarshi
n
prob!ble9ly;@ poible9ly;
probabi"ity= possibi"ity
just in case
probabi"ity
:no;"ed!e
AN:F !d $le!r9ly;@ obviou9ly;
pre$ie9ly;@ e>!$t9ly;
de-inite9ly;@ !bolute9ly;
:no;"ed!e
MB.9))9) adj certain= deinite= inevitab"e :no;"ed!e
8(LG>L9- v#t deine= i' Meanin!
2

AGAR $on< i-
M98,2, conj i= in the event o
+NI!an taAdirda in the event o N= in case o N +ate!ory
HOL
holat
AHIOL
n
bu DD har ho"da
n
n
$ondition@ t!te 9o- b@ t2;
$ir$umt!n$e
under DD ;hatever the circu$stances
conditionCsG= state= status
$ondition@ t!te 9o- t2@ ep# o- b;

IAZ:YA& n itu!tion@ poition 9o- b;
circu$stances

MBH>T n environ$ent= surroundin!s
&H9)T
basharti
SHARO:&
n
conj
n
bunday sharoitda
sharoit!a Aarab
shart-sharoit
condition Cnecessary or sthG
provided that= in the event o
$ondition 9o-@ =it2 t2;
$ir$umt!n$e
under these conditions
dependin! on the circu$stances
conditions

UCHUN pot G N9i2;A C
N9"!ni;A C
2unin" u$2un
-or A 9!7e?purpoe;@ in order to A
-or A 9re!on;@ be$!ue o- A
t2ere-ore@ -or t2!t re!on
9ction
TB%9ML> post R /N Q because o N= than@s to N= on account o N
SABAB
sababli
sababsi"
n
2u ?? nim! !b!bd!n
/CishiGNI!a Q boJ"-
/C!aniGN Q
ad
re!on@ $!ue
-or t2i ?? =2!t re!on
cause= provo@e N
or the reason o N= due to N
;ithout reason

CHUNK: $on< be$!ue
M,2,M>:> conj since= as= considerin! that= because
L(),C:>G conj because= by reason that= since
KEL&:RE v#t brin" !bout@ $!ue@ provo7e Motion
/NI!a o"ib @e"- "ead to N Motion
9&L n ori!ina"T ori!in
M9/89I> n source= ori!in
8,GJL>. adj R /NI!a Q dependent Con NG +ate!ory
&ADS:R
ta'sirla-
ta'sirli
n
NAB"! C 7oDr!tE
v#t
adj
in-luen$e@ e--e$t
in-luen$e A@ !$t upon A
i$pression
in"uence= act upon
in"uentia"
($otions
NA&:4A
nati!ali
nati!asi"
n
N9"!ni;A CBid!
n!ti<! berE
natijada
adj
ad
reultJ !$2ievement
! ! reult o- A
2!ve@ yield ! reult
as a resu"t
eective= ;ith resu"ts
ineectiveC"yG= ;ithout resu"ts
9ction
,.>89T n resu"t= end 9ction
3
oibatli
oibatsi"
adj
adj
vain= ;ithout resu"ts
M9H&BL
mahsulot
n
n
produce= product= resu"t
output= production= yie"d= product <or@
M9:B/
yakunla-
yakunlov#hi
n
v#t
n= adj
resu"t= assess$entT tota"
assessT tota"i0e
ina"= conc"usion
.uantity
8>/,9/
8>/,89)>/
post R /NI!a Q
conj
in accordance ;ith N= in conseAuence o N
thereore= conseAuent"y

,.>89T n resu"t= end
NBL,&9 n essence
resu"t= conc"usion Mind
3
Rel!tion
B:LAN pot G NA C =it2 A@ by me!n o- A@ !nd A Manner
B:RGA
birgalik
!dv
NA bil!n bir"!
n R /N bi"an QIda
to"et2er
to"et2er =it2 A
in connection ;ith N= to!ether ;ith N

HBLB) n
/NInin! QIidaDdanD!a
presence
in presence o N Location
YOLGD:Z !d !lone@ olit!ry@ in"le &ocia"
2,>) post R /NI!a Q concernin! N= re"ated to N= about N Meanin!
O:8 pot G NAB"! C pert!inin" to A@ rel!tin" to A
?>H9T n aspect= side= ie"d Location
.9)9- v#int R /NI!a Q depend on N= re"ate to N 4erception
BOGDLAE
bog'lan-
bog'lanish
bog'lam
bog'li
v#t
adj
n
n
adj R /NI!a Q
tie@ boundJ -!ten
be tied= be bound to!ether
re"ation= "in@
bunch= bund"e
dependent Con NG
4rocesses
ALOFA
aloador
aloasi"
n G NA bil!n C
/N bi"an Q bo!J"a-
adj R /NI!a Q
adj
$ont!$t@ $ommuni$!tion =it2 A
"in@ to N= connect ;ith N
re"ated to N
unre"ated
&ocia"
)UNOSABA&
munosabatdor
munosabatsi"
n G NA bil!n C
adj R /N bi"an Q
adj R /N bi"an Q
rel!tion@ $onne$tion =it2 A
re"ated to N
unre"ated to N
&ocia"
ODZARO !d mutu!l9ly;@ re$ipro$!l9ly;
i@@i to$on!a Aarash"i $utua"= reciproca"
ARALASHE
aralashtir-
aralash
aralashma
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
/NIni Cbir-biri!aG Q
adj
n
"et mi>ed up =it2 A
ta@e part in N= interere in N
mi> A =it2 Y
$i' up N Cto!etherG
$i'ed= co$posite
$i'ture
9ction
.,)>&HT>)-
.,)>&HM9
v#t R /NIni /M bi"an Q
/NIni Cbir-bir"ari bi"anG Q
n
$i' N ;ith M= conuse N ;ith M
$i' up N C;ith each otherG= conuse N
$i'ture
Mind
B:R num G NA 9NY; C A 9!nd Y; !re one@ t2e !me .uantity
NA 9NY; bir >il
bir 'i""i@
A 9!nd Y; !re t2e !me
identity

8>)29M ad identica"C"yG .uantity
YADN: $on< t2!t i to !y@ n!mely
KAB: pot G NA C
/C!aniGN Q
li7e A
as i N

S:NGAR: pot G NA C imil!r to A
M9/GL>GJ post R /N Q "i@e N
*
ODASHAE
o'xshash
o'$shashlik
o'$shat-
v#int G NAB"! C
/C!aniGNI!a Q
!d< G NAB"! C
n R /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
oJ'shatish
be li7e A@ reemble A
it see$sD"oo@s as i N
imil!r to A@ !li7e
si$i"arity to N
i$itate N
ana"o!y= si$u"ation
:no;"ed!e
9ction
/NIde@ boJ"ib @oJrin- "oo@ "i@e N
9M/>
9M/9/
adj
adv
"i@e= sa$e= identica"
e'act"y= identica""y

AU88: !dv
/N Q /M
e>!$tely@ pre$ielyJ ! i-
CNG e'acte"y "i@e M

G,JM,C:>G conj R Q +N as i N
):SOL
)ASALAN
n
$iso" @oJrsat-D@e"tir-
$iso" uchun
!dv
e>!mple
!ive an e'a$p"e
or e'a$p"e= or instance
-or e>!mple@ -or int!n$e

+HB/,/+H> adv or e'a$p"e
H9M29 conj as ;e"" as
BOSHFA
bosha#ha
boshatdan
!d<
NABd!n C
pot G NABd!n C
ad
adv
ot2er@ !not2er
di--erent -rom A
!p!rt -rom A
dierentC"yG
a!ain

&ASHFAR: n
NABd!n C
e'terior= outside
ot2er t2!n A@ in !ddition to A@ beide A
Location
.uantity
GJ9M)> adj
Q 9N
other= a"ien
not N= out o NJs scope

L>M,29 post R /NIdan Q other than N= $ore than N .uantity
,JLG9
ODZGARE
o'"gart-
o'zgartir-
adj
/NIdan Q
v#int
v#t
v#t
other= another
dierent ro$ N Cin natureG
$2!n"e@ !lter
chan!e= a"ter
$2!n"e@ !lter
rep"ace= substitute
(vents
FARSH:
arshilik
!d<
pot G NAB"! C
/NI!a Aarshi AoJy-
n
oppoite
opposin!= a!ainst
!"!int A@ $ontr!ry to A
contrast ;ith N
opposition
Location
+on"ict
qarama-qarshi
arama-arshilik
oppoite@ oppoin"
contrast

T(&:9)> adj R /NI!a Q
adv
n
tes@arisiC!aG
contrary to N
opposed to N= a!ainst N
inside out= upside do;n
contrary= opposite
on the contrary D inside out
+on"ict
Location
9:&
aksin#ha
adj
conj
contrary= adverse= reverse= counter-
on the contrary

L>2 adj R bir-biri!a Q
/NI!a Q
contrary= contradictory= con"ictin!
opposed to N +on"ict
5
"iddiyat n contradiction
.9MT9G9 adv to the contrary (vents
LEK:N $on< but
A))O $on< but
8>),. conj but
G9)+H> conj R Q +NIsa-da= +M a"thou!h N= M
H,L8B:> conj R +N Q +M N a"thou!h M= N ;hereas M
69H,L9/:> conj R +N Q +M N a"thou!h M= N ;hereas M
(ARF
farqli
farla-
farlan-
n
/N bi"an /M orasida Q
/M bi"an /NIni Q Ai"-
/NIni bir-biridan Q Ai"-
!d<
v#t
v#int
di--eren$e
dierences bet;een N and M
distin!uish N ro$ M
distin!uish Ns ro$ each other
di--erent
distin!uish
dier
Mind
T9%,6BT n dierence
FARAGAN8A pot G NAB"! C
/CishiGNI!a Q
/NI!a Q
in $omp!rion =it2 A
considerin! N
accordin! to N
4erception
Manner
,pinion
:,J)9 post R /NIdan Q in co$parison ;ith N ,pinion
/>&89T9/
/>&8>M
post R /NI!a Q
adj
co$pared ;ith N
;ith re!ard to N
re"ative

SOL:SH&:RE
solishtirma
v#t G NABni NY bil!n C
adj
$omp!re A =it2 Y
co$parative
Mind
+H,GJ>&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
/NI"arni bir-biri!a Q
co$pare N ;ith M
co$pare Ns ;ith each other
Mind
T9..,&L9- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
taAAos"ab @oJr-
co$pare N ;ith M
co$pare
Mind
.>M,&
iyosiy
iyosla-
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
adj
v#t
co$pare N ;ith M
co$parative
co$pare
Mind

NA)UNA
namunali
n@ !d<
adj
model@ e>!mpleJ !mple
$ode"= e'e$p"ary
9ction
,J)/9: n e'a$p"e= $ode"
/B&N9 n= $eas
as" nus'a
copy= sa$p"e= $ode"
ori!ina" copy

:,4>M9 n
@opiya o"-
copy
copy

T9.L>2
talidiy
talid#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
n
copy= i$itation
copy N= i$itate N
i$itative
i$itator
9ction
&ODGDR: !d< G N9i2;AB"! C 7elE it i uit!ble to A
it i ne$e!ry to A
:no;"ed!e
Moda"ity
1
MB/,&>8 adj R /NI!a Q CboJ"-G CbeG re"evant to N= suitab"e or N= $atchin! N ,pinion
)UIO(:F
muvofilik
muvofilash-
muvofilashtir-
!d< G NAB"! C
post R /NI!a Q
n
v#int
v#t
uit!ble -or A@ re!on!ble
in accordance ;ith N
suitabi"ity
adapt
adapt
,pinion
L,M>. adj R /CishGNI!a Q CboJ"-G suitab"e or N= it N ,pinion
YARAE
yarash-
yaroli
yarosi"
v#int G NAB"! C
v#int R /NI!a
adj R /NI!a
adj
be -it@ !ti-!$tory -or A@ uit A
be useu"= he"pu" or N
suit N= beit N
;e""-suited= suitab"eT useu" or N
unsuitab"eT o no use= use"ess
,pinion
Manner
/,G>),/
nogironlik
adj
n= adj
n
he"p"ess= use"ess= unsuitab"e
disab"ed= handicapped CpersonG
he"p"essness= use"essness
Hea"th
M,.- v#int R /NI!a Q suit N= be beneicia" to N ($otions
T(G>&HL> adj R /NI!a Q appropriate to N= re"evant to N
be"on!in! to N
4rocesses
4ossession
:(L>&H- v#int
/NI!a Q
@e"ish!an
co$e to!ether
be suitab"e= appropriate to N
shape"y= ;e""-proportioned
Motion
8,4
nobop
adj
adj
suitab"e= appropriate
unsuitab"e= inappropriate
,pinion
M,&
moslash-
moslashtirish-
n
adj R /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q @e"-
v#int
v#t
$atch= har$ony
$atchin! N= har$oni0in! ;ith N
$atch N= suit N= it N
adapt
adapt

&>GJ-
sig'dir-
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
it into N
$a@e N it into M= i"" M ;ith N
.uantity
7
C!te"ory !nd Order
&AR&:B
tartibli
tartibsi"
tartibsi"lik
betartib
n
/N tartib!a @e"tir-Dso"-
tartibni bu0-
adj
adj
n
adj
order
put N into order
disor!ani0e
in order
disorder"y
disorder"iness
disorder"y

ag'dar-to'ntar $essy 4rocesses
&OR&:B pot G NABd!n C t!rtin" -rom A 4rocesses
TBL-
tuzilish
tu"um
v#t
n
n
dra; up= or$= $a@e
$ompoition@ m!7in" up@ tru$ture
syste$= structure
9ction
&ociety
&>&T(M9
sistematik
n
adj
syste$
syste$atic

.B)-
uril-
urilma
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
n
bui"d= construct
be constituted= co$posed= $ade up o N
structure= co$position
9ction
T9):>8
tarkibiy
n
/N QIida /M bor
adj
structure= $a@e-up= co$position
e"e$ent
N is co$posed o M
structura"= constituent= co$ponent

T9&H:>L n R tash@i" boJ"-Dtop-
tash@i" Ai"-Det-
be co$posed= be $ade up
or$= $a@e up
&ociety
T9)M,.
tarmola-
n
v#t
branchT net;or@
branch out
:no;"ed!e
:BORA& !d< G NABd!n C
/NIdan Q boJ"-
$onitin" o- A@ $ompoed o- A
consist o N= be co$posed o N

)URAKKAB
murakkablik
murakkablash-
murakkablashtir-
!d<
/NIdan Q
n
v#int
v#t
$omple>@ $ompli$!ted
consistin! o N= co$posed o N
co$p"e'ity
!et co$p"icated
co$p"e'iy= co$p"icate

SO88A
soddalash-
soddalashtir-
!d<
v#int
v#t
imple
si$p"e= p"ain= na[ve
!et si$p"e
si$p"iy
&e"->$a!e

BU&UN
butunlay
butunlik
!d<
!dv
n
=2ole@ entire@ !ll
$ompletely@ =2olly@ !bolutely
entirety= inte!rity
.uantity
B:R
birlik
birlash-
birlashtir-
birlashma
birik-
birikma
num
n
v#int
v#t
n
v#int
n
oneJ !
unity
unit
unite
unite= co$bine
a""iance= union
unite
co$bination= co$pound
.uantity
&ociety
-
biriktir- v#t unite
&OD/
to'pla-
to'plan-
to'plash-
to'plam
n@ me!
v#t
v#int
v#int
n
"roup@ -lo$7@ 2e!p
$olle$t@ "!t2er@ "roup
be !athered= be !roupped
!ather= !roup
co""ection= !atherin!= !roup
&ociety
M>GJ-
yig'ishtir-
yig'im
yig'indi
v#t
v#t
n
n
co""ect= !ather
co""ect= !ather
tidy up= put in order
co""ection= !atherin!
co""ection= co$pi"ation= corpus

:,LL(:&>M9 n co""ection
FODSHE
o'shil-
o'shma
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
/NIni /MI!a QIib AoJy-
v#int R /NI!a Q
adj
!dd A to Y
inc"ude N to M
be added to N= be inc"uded to N
a!ree to N
join N= participate to N
united= co$pound
.uantity
,pinion
&ociety
4A)
!amla-
n
ja$ Ai"-
v#t
!ddition@ plu@ tot!l
add= co""ect= !ather to!ether
!ather= co""ect
.uantity
T,J29
to'dalash-
n R /NI"ar QIsi
v#int
!roup o Ns= !an! o Ns
"oc@= s;ar$ o Ns
!roup
&ociety
G)B449
gruppala-
n= $eas
v#t
!roup
!roup
&ociety
F:S)
isman
n
ad
p!rt 9o- ! =2ole? ! "roup;@ portion
partia"C"yG

BODLE
bo'lin-
bo'lak
bolak#ha
bo'lma
v#t
NABni numYB"! C
v#int
n
Q /N D /N QIi
n
n
ep!r!te
divide A in Y
be separated= be divided
part
piece o N
s$a"" part= s$a"" piece
section= part= partitionT roo$
4rocesses
.uantity
.uantity
butun va boJ"a@"ar ;ho"e and parts
AY:RE
ayirma
ayrim
ayri#ha
v#t G NABni NYBd!n C
n
adj
adj
adv
remove@ t!7e !=!y A -rom Y@
ep!r!te A -rom Y
particu"arity= dierence
specia"= particu"arT certain= so$e
specia"= separate
separate"y= apart= specia""y
4rocesses
9?)9-
a!rat-
a!ral-
v#int
v#t
/NIni /MIdan Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
brea@ up
divide= sp"itT dispatch
iso"ate= separate N ro$ M
divide= sp"it= brea@ up
4rocesses
9L,H>29 ad separateC"yG= apart +ate!ory

FA&OR n ro=@ line@ $olumn
Kueue
&hape
10
qatorliq
atorla-
atorlash-
bir Aator /N
/NIni Aator AoJy-
pot
v#t
v#int
set= !roup
a C;ho"eG series o N
a"i!n N
et$@ !nd o on
a"i!n
"ine up= stand side by side
&9% n ro;= "ine
ran@= ront
&hape
&tate
N,/9 n p"ace= co"u$n Housin!
T9N
ta$la-
n
v#t
stac@
stac@= pi"e upT o"d

BM-
uyum
v#t
n
pi"e up= put to!ether
pi"e= heap

GH9)9M
garamla-
n
!Hara$ Ai"-
v#t
stac@= pi"e= heap
stac@= pi"e up= heap up
pi"e up= heap up

RODYAA& n lit
v#b# Cva boshAa"arG
v#h#A Cva hoAa0oG
v#sh#@ Cva shu @abi"arG
etc# Cet ceteraG
and so on
and so on

&AB:A&
tabiiy
n
!d<
n!ture@ N!ture
nature= character
n!tur!l
/ature
SUND:Y !d< !rti-i$i!l@ m!nEm!de
N9)9:T()
$arakterli
$arakterla-
$arakteristik
n
adj
v#t
n
character
characteristic= typica"
characteri0e
characteristic
+ate!ory
)AZ)UN
ma"mundor
n $ontent@ een$e@ point
sense
substantia"
Meanin!
M9GJ>L n
/NInin! QIini chaA-
essence= !ist
understand NJs $eanin!
4"ants
4rocesses
M,H>M9T n point= essence
SHAKL
shakllan-
shakllandir-
n
v#int
v#t
-orm@ 2!pe
$anner= ;ay
or$= ta@e shape
or$= shape
&hape
Manner
sha@"an va $a0$unan in content and or$
%,)M9 n or$
KODR:N:SH n G 9t!2Ki; C !ppe!r!n$e@ e>terior@ loo7
scene= scenery= vie;
4erception
.>M,%9 n appearance= ace
&>)T n e'terior= appearance= surace Location
TB)B. n appearance= e'pression
TB& n appearance= $anner 4roperties
11
USUL n G IABi2 CBi $ethod o Nin!= $anner o N= ;ay o Nin!
-!2ion@ -orm
Manner
AOS
$osiyat
NB&B&>M
xususiyat
NB&B&9/
M9N&B&
!d<
NAB9nin" oDHBi;"! C
n
adj
n
adv
adj
p!rti$ul!r@ uniKue
pe$i-i$ to A
character= Aua"ity= si!niicance
persona"= private
$2!r!$teriti$@ pe$uli!ritie
especia""y= particu"ar"y
specia"= particu"ar
&ociety
N>&L9T n character= characteristics
S:(A&
sifatli
sifatsi"
n
/N QIida boJ"ib
adj
adj
characteristic
Ku!lity
as N
characteristicT hi!h !rade= hi!h Aua"ity
"o; !rade= poor Aua"ity

ALOH:8A !d pe$i!l9ly;@ p!rti$ul!r9ly;
separateC"yG= apart

AYN:FSA !dv G C NA epe$i!lly A@ p!rti$ul!rly A
M9G,/9 adj uniAue= the on"y one

OR&:FCH:L:K
,)T>.L>:
n
n
Ku!lity@ tron" point
superiority= advanta!e
.uantity
,pinion
KA)CH:L:K n
n
de-!ult@ 2ort$omin" .uantity
,pinion
8ARA4A
dara!ali
n
adj R /ND9N Q
de"ree
"eve"
up to NJs standard
.uantity
,pinion
SAI:YA n level@ t!nd!rd
8,&.>+H n "eve"= de!reeT sta!e= phase (vents
YUFOR: n
!d<
top= hi!hest part
2i"2 9-i"#;
Location
MB:&9:
yuksaklik
adj
n
hi!h C"DG
hei!ht
Location

A:L n
num?pronY C NA
2!r C NABl!r
$ilma-$il
$ilma-$illik
7ind@ ort@ type
Y 7ind o- A@ ort o- A@ type o- A
!ll 7ind o- A
a"" @inds= various
variety

TB)
turli
turla-
n
!d<
har Q /NI"ar
bir tur"i
turli-tuman
turli-tumanlik
v#t
@ind= sort
di--erent@ v!riou@ divere
a"" @inds o N
sa$e
diverse
diversity
sort

/96 n
nu$DpronM Q /N
/N nav"ar!a ajrat-
sort= @ind
M sort o N= @ind o N
sort N

12
&,)T
sortla-
n
v#t
sort
sort

L,T n @ind= sort= race
T,>%9 n tribe= raceT c"ass= cate!ory= set &ociety

ASOS
asosiy
asosan
n
/NI!a Q
/NI!a Q so"-
!d<
adv
post R /NI!a Q
b!i@ -ound!tion@ "round
reason or N= basis or N
"ay the oundations o N
b!i$@ -und!ment!l
m!in@ prin$ip!l
in princip"e= basica""y
Mind
9ction
,pinion
Manner
/(G>L n base= basis= oundation
4)>/&>4 n princip"e
T9G n botto$= "o;est part
oundation= root= basis
substance= essence= $eanin!
Location
T9%&>L
tafsilot
tafsiliy
tafsilli
batafsil
n R tasi" Ai"ib
n
ad
adj
ad
in detai"
detai"
in detai"= detai"ed
detai"ed
in detai"= detai"ed

)UH:)
muhimlik
!d<
$uhi$ boJ"-
n
import!nt
i$port
i$portance
,pinion
AHA):YA&
ahamiyatli
ahamiyatsi"
n
NAB"! C berE
aha$iyati yoJA
!d<
adj
i"ni-i$!n$e@ import!n$e
!tt!$2 import!n$e to A
it does not $atter
i"ni-i$!nt@ import!nt
insi!niicant= uni$portant
,pinion
,L>M adj hi!h= hi!hest= supre$e
BOSH !d< 2e!d@ $2ie-@ top@ m!in 8ody
i@@inchi orinda!i secondary ,pinion

BMBM
umumiy
umumiylik
umuman
umumlashtir-
n
adj
!d<
n
adv
u$u$an ayt!anda
v#t
everybody= the pub"ic
;ho"e= a""= pub"ic
!enera"= pub"ic
"ener!l@ univer!l
universa"ity
in !enera"= basica""y
in short
!enera"i0e= co""ectivi0e
&ociety
O8A&
oddiy
oddiylik
odatlan-
n
od!td!
odatda!i
odatda!ide@
odatdan tashAari
!d<
!Jayri oddiy
n
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
2!bitJ $utom@ u!"e
2!bitu!lly@ $utom!rily@ uu!lly
ordinary= co$$on= nor$a"
as usua"
rare= unco$$on
ordin!ry@ uu!l@ re"ul!r
e'traordinary
ordinariness= si$p"icity
"et ued to A@ m!7e ! 2!bit o- A
&ociety
)e"ations
:no;"ed!e
13
FO:8A n rule@ re"ul!tion &ociety
.,/B/>M9T n "a; Cre!u"ar patternG ?ustice
MB/T9L9M
munta"amlik
adj
n
re!u"ar= syste$atic
re!u"ar= oicia"
re!u"arity
&ociety
/,)M9
normal
n
adj
nor$
nor$a"

>&T>&/,
istisnosi"
MB&T9&/,
n
istisno Ai"-
adj
n
bundan $ustasno
$ustasno Ai"-
e'ception
e'c"ude
;ithout e'ception
e'ception= e'c"usion
apart ro$ this
e'c"ude

/NI!a @ir$a- N e'c"uded Motion
/,2>) adj rare= outstandin!
/,M,8 adj rare= uniAue
&>M)9:
siyraklik
siyraklash-
ad
n
v#int
rareC"yG= se"do$T sparseC"yG
rarity
rarey

GDALA&:
g'alatilik
!d<
n
tr!n"e@ pe$uli!r
stran!eness= pecu"iarity

GJ9),M>8 adj e'traordinary= stran!e= curious
%96.BL,229 ad e'traordinaryC"yG= unusua"C"yG
HA&&O !dv G C NA even A
13
Fu!ntity !nd Number
):F8OR n
@atta $iAdorda
Ku!ntity@ !mount
in "ar!e Auantities

KOD/
ko'pgina
ko'plik
ko'p#hilik
ko'pay-
ko'paytir-
ko'paytirish
!d<
!dv
n
juda @oHp
@oJpdan-@oJp
@oJp de!anda
@oJp son"i
adv
n
n
v#int
@oJpayish
v#t
n
m!ny@ ! lot o-
very@ very mu$2
a !reat dea"
p"enty o
very $any= very $uch
at $ost
nu$erous
a air a$ount D nu$ber
abundance= "ar!e Auantity
$ajority
everybody= $any peop"e
in$re!e@ "ro=@ multiply
increase= !ro;th
in$re!e@ r!ie@ multiply
$u"tip"ication Carith$# operationG
&ociety
ANCHA !d< 9motly =it2 ne"#;
!dv
m!ny@ Kuite ! lot o-
9r!t2er; mu$2@ "re!tly

an#ha-mun#ha C;ith ne!#G CnotG very $uch
9:&9)
aksari
aksariyat
n
adv
n
$ost= $ajority
$ost"y= usua""y
$ain part= $ajority

)ODL
mo'l#hilik
!d<
$oJ" boJ"-
n
!bund!nt@ plenti-ul@ ri$2
be abundant
abundance= prousion
4ossession
&(),8
serobgar#hilik
adj
serob boJ"-
n
abundant= p"entiu"
be abundant
abundance= prousion
4ossession
OZ
ozgina
o"mo"%o"mun#ha
o"lik
o"#hilik
ozay-
ozayt(ir)-
!d<
o0 de!anda
!dv
adv
n
n
v#int
v#t
-e=@ m!ll 9Ku!ntity;
at "east
! little@ ! bit
a "itt"e= a bit= s"i!ht"y
s$a"" Auantity
$inority
de$re!e@ "ro= le@ dimini2
redu$e@ leen@ dimini2
&ociety
o"mi-ko'pmi $ore or "ess= to a certain de!ree
L,9.9L adv R Q nu$N
Q nu$N ha$ C;ith ne!#G
at "east N
not even N

YANA !dv a!ain
more@ !not2er (vents
,)T-
orttir
ortiq
v#int
v#t
orttirib yubor-
!d<
numABd!n C
!dv
be "et over= surp"us
increase
increase
e'a!!erate
e>tr!@ in e>$e
more t2!n A
more@ too mu$2
1*
ortilik
orti#ha
orti#hilik
n
adj
n
in e'cess
Aua"ity= stron! point +ate!ory
,pinion
,&H-
oshi
v#int
adj
nu$NIdan Q
rise= increase
e'cessive= too $uch
$ore than N
Motion
:,JT9)>L- v#int rise= ascend C"DG Motion
MB:&9L-
yuksaltir-
v#int
yu@sa"ish
v#t
rise= ascend C"DG
e"evation= deve"op$ent
raise C"DG
Motion
&ASHFAR: n
NABd!n C
e'terior= outside
ot2er t2!n A@ in !ddition to A
Location
)e"ations
B&T /NInin! QIidaDdanD!a on Ctop oG N
in addition to N
Location
L>M,2
"iyoda
adv
post R /NIdan Q
$ore
other than N= $ore than N )e"ations
ODSE
o'stir-
v#int
v#t
!ro;
rie@ "o up@ !$end@ in$re!e
increase
6ita"
KA)
kamlik
kamay-
kamaytir-
kam#hilik
!d<
!dv
@a$ boJ"-
juda @a$
@a$dan-@a$
@a$dan-@a$ uchraydi!an
n
@a$"i@ Ai"-
v#int
v#t
n
/NIdan Q tort-
-e=@ m!ll@ little 9Ku!ntity;
2ort@ l!$7in"
little@ not enou"2
se"do$
too e;
rare
"ac@= be not enou!h
"ac@= shorta!e
"ac@
de$re!e@ "et le
decrease= reduce
deau"t= shortco$in!
"ac@ N
+ate!ory
,pinion
YE&E
yetarli
yetish-
v#int R /NI!a Q
N9i2;A u$2un C
!d<
yetar"i boJ"-
v#int R /NI!a Q
yetish$as"i@
reach N= arrive to N
be enou"2@ be u--i$ient -or A
u--i$ient@ enou"2
be suicient
catch up ;ith N
be suicient
insuiciency
Motion
9ction
:>%,M9
kifoyalan-
adj R /NI!a Q
/NI!a Q Ai"-
v#int
enou!h= suicient or N
be enou!h= be suicient or N
be enou!h= be suicient

bir ne$2! ever!l@ ome
bir Aancha severa"
bir mun$2! ever!l@ ome
ome=2!t@ ! little

bir ta"ay a air a$ount= a air nu$ber
bir oH ! little@ ! bit
.>TT9: adj a "itt"e= so$e
15

4A)
!amiki
!amla-
n
ja$ Ai"-
ja$i
adj
v#t
!ddition@ plu@ tot!l
add= co""ect= !ather to!ether
in tota"
every
!ather= co""ect
+ate!ory
FODSHE
o'shish
o'shil-
o'shma
o'shuv
o'shim#ha
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
/NIni /MI!a QIib AoJy-
n
v#int R /NI!a Q
adj
n
adj
!dd A to Y
inc"ude N to M
addition Carith$# operationG
be added to N= be inc"uded to N
united= co$pound
addition CoperationG
additiona"= supp"e$entary
+ate!ory
M9:B/
yakunla-
n
v#t
resu"t= assess$entT tota"
assessT tota"i0e
(ntities
&>GJ-
sig'dir-
sig'im
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
n
it into N
$a@e N it into M= i"" M ;ith N
capacity
)e"ations
:>)G>L- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q inc"ude M into N Motion
T9.&>M
tasimla-
tasimlan-
n
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
distribution
distribute N to M= divide N by M
be distributed a$on! N
4ossession
BODLE
bo'lish
bo'lin-
bo'lak
bolak#ha
v#t
NABni numYB"! C
n
v#int
n
Q /N D /N QIi
n
ep!r!te
divide A in Y
addition Carith$# operationG
part
piece o N
s$a"" part= s$a"" piece
4rocesses
+ate!ory
/ARCHA
par#hala-
n G C NA ? NA CBi
v#t
pie$e o- A@ plinter o- A@ $r!p
sp"it= brea@ up= cru$b"e 4rocesses
8B)29
burdala-
n R Q /N
/NIni burda-burda Ai"-
v#t
piece o N= bit o N
s"ice N
brea@ up= tear to pieces 4rocesses
H>&&9 n share= portion
2,/9 $eas piece= ite$
B:R
birlik
B:ROR
8>),/CT9G
num
birma-bir
birin-ketin
birdan-bir
bitta-bitta % bittalab
n
!d<
adj
oneJ !
one by one= one ater another
one by one= one ater another
on"y CadjG
one by one= separate"y
unity
unit
ome 9unpe$i-ied;@ one 9!bout one;
so$e CunspeciiedG= any
+ate!ory
BU&UN
butunlay
butunlik
!d<
!dv
n
=2ole@ entire@ !ll
$ompletely@ =2olly@ !bolutely
entirety= inte!rity
+ate!ory
&ODLA
to'li
!d<
adv
ad
-ull@ $omplete@ tot!l
u""y= co$p"ete"y
u""CyG= suicientC"yG= a$p"e= co$p"eteC"yG
4roperties
11
to'lila- v#t supp"e$ent= co$p"e$ent
MBTL9.
mutlao
adj
adv
abso"ute= co$p"ete
abso"ute"y= co$p"ete"yT Auite

),&9 adv abso"ute"y= tota""y= co$p"ete"y= e'act"y
gir-gir co$p"ete"y= a"" around
T9M,M
tamomiyla
tamoman
batamom
n
adv
adv
adv
end= inish
co$p"ete"y= utter"y
co$p"ete"y= tota""y
co$p"ete"y= tota""y
(vents
M,449&> n
yoppasi!a
tota"ity
co$p"eteC"yG= tota"C"yG

HA))A !d<
NABnin" CBi
!ll
t2e tot!lity o- A@ =2ole A

BARCHA !d< !ll
89)> n everythin!= everybody
BADZ: !d< ome@ $ert!in
%9L,/ adj
a"on-pis$adon D pisdon D tu!an
so$e= so$e ### or other
this or that

HECH !d< no
YOLGD:Z !d only@ olely@ merely )e"ations
(AFA& !dv G C NAB"in!
C numA NY
only A
only A Y

/B.BL adv on"y
N,L,& adv on"y= thatJs it
4U8A !dv G C AA
<ud! 2!m G C AA
veryJ too
very mu$2J too mu$2

GDOYA& !dv G C AA e>tremely@ to ! 2i"2 de"ree
/>H,M9T29 adv e'tre$e"y
M,M,/ adv very= e'tre$e"y ,pinion
uchi!a chiAAan e'tre$e"y= utter"y Location
ENG !dv mot 9uperl!tive;
,JT9 adv e'cessive"y= to e'cess= too $uch= very Motion
FA8AR n
bir K!d!r
shu D bu D u Aadar
a$ount= Auantity
to ! $ert!in de"ree@ rel!tively
so= to such an e'tent

A:9Y;LA !dv "re!tly@ mu$2J rel!tively
/>&8>M adj re"ative )e"ations
8ARA4A
dara!ali
n
adj R /ND9N Q
de"ree
"eve"
up to NJs standard
+ate!ory
,pinion
SAL !dv G C AA9BroK; ? IA
6NIishi!a sa"
sa" @a$ nu$N
! little@ ome=2!t@ li"2tly A
near"y N= a"$ost N
near"y N= a"$ost N

17
sa"!ina a "itt"e bit
sal-pal a "itt"e= s"i!ht"y
4>+H9 adv a "itt"e= a bit
?>/29: adv a "itt"e bit
8EYARL:9K; !d !lmot@ ne!rly
&ENG
tenglik
tengla-
tenglash-
!d< G NAB"! C
!dv
n
v#t
v#int R /N bi"an /M Q
eKu!l to A
eKu!lly
eAua"ity
eAua"i0e
CN and MG be eAua"

89)969)
babbaravar
adj
adv
ad
eAua"= sa$e
to!ether= at the sa$e ti$e
eAua"= sa$eT at the sa$e ti$e

A&RO( n G NABnin" CBid!?d!n?"! around N
!round A@ !bout A
Location
YAF:N adj R /NI!a
numAB"! C
near by N= c"ose to N
$loe to A@ !bout A@ !ppro>im!tely A
Location
T9NM>/>M
&AA):NAN
adj
!dv G C numA
rou!h= appro'i$ate= esti$ated
!bout A@ rou"2ly A@ !ppro>im!tely A
Mind
.9)>M8 adv R Q nu$N near"y N= around N= appro'i$ate"y N
8,)- v#int R /NI!a Q reach N Motion
FA&&:F
attila-
!d<
v#t
hard C"DG
tron"@ -irm@ intene
intensiy
4roperties
%orces
&H>229T
shiddatli
n
adj
intensity= ierceness
intense= ierce
%orces
BALAN8 !d< 2i"2 &i0e
/AS& !d< lo= &i0e
,J)T9+H9 ad CinG avera!e .uantity
/NInin! boshi!a
nu$M /L
an avera!e o M L per N

SON
sonli
n
adj
number@ numer!l
nu$eric

SANAE
sanat-
sano
sanoli
v#t
+N deb Q
v#t R /NIni Q
n
adj
adj
$ount
at "ast N= consider that N
have N counted
enu$eration= countin!
cardina"
countab"e
,pinion
son-sanosi" count"ess= innu$erab"e
NO)ER
nomerli
nomerla-
n
adj
v#t
number
nu$bered
nu$ber

)9.9M n nu$era"= di!it= i!ure
NOL num Hero
1-
B:R num one
:KK: num t=o
UCH num t2ree
&ODR& num -our
BESH num -ive
OL&: num i>
YE&&: num even
SAKK:Z num ei"2t
&ODFF:Z num nine
ODN
o'nli
num
adj
ten
deci$a"

Y:G:R)A num t=enty
OD&&:Z num t2irty
F:RF num -ourty
ELL:K num -i-ty
OL&):SH num i>ty
YE&):SH num eventy
SAKSON num ei"2ty
&ODFSON num ninety
YUZ num 2undred
):NG num t2ou!nd
):LL:ON num million
):LL:AR8 num milli!rd@ billion
4U(&
!uftla-
n@ me!
adj
v#t
p!ir@ $ouple
even Cnu$berG
$er!e

2MB?>/9 $eas do0en
T,. adj odd= uneven
:9&)
kasrli
n
adj
raction
ractiona"

YAR:)
yarimta
yarimla-
n G NA y!rmi
num
numA C
n
v#int
yari$"ab Ao"- DD @et-
2!l- A
2!l-
A !nd ! 2!l-
ha"
divide in ha"
C;hoseG ha" re$ain DD ta@e ha"

CHORAK
nim#horak
n
n
Ku!rter
ei!hth

(O:Z n
NABnin" numY CBi
per $ent
Y per $ent o- A

4),T&(/T n per cent= percenta!e
.,J&H9
o'shalo
adj
n
doub"e= paired
doub"e= coup"e

20
H:SOB
hisobli
hisobsi"
behisob
hisobla-
n
adj
adj
adj
adj
v#t
+N deb Q
!rit2meti$@ $!l$ul!tion@ $omput!tion
!$$ount@ $ount@ $ore
can be counted on oneJs in!ers
count"ess
count"ess
count"ess
$!l$ul!te
(cono$y
,pinion
.,J&H>&H n addition Carith$# operationG .uantity
9M>)>&H n subtraction Carith$# operationG +ate!ory
:,J49MT>)>&H n $u"tip"ication Carith$# operationG .uantity
8,JL>&H n division Carith$# operationG .uantity
,LB6 n $inus
YE&E v#int G NAB"! C re!$2 A9Llo$!tion@ Ku!ntity; Motion
CHEK
#hekli
#heksi"
chekla-
#heklan-
n
adj
adj
v#t
v#int
limit@ bound!ry@ limit!tion
"i$ited= inite
un"i$ited= ininite
retri$t@ limit@ $on-ine
be "i$ited
Location
+H(T
#hetla-
n
v#t
side= "i$it= outs@irts
near the "i$its= boundaries o Motion
H92I2>
behad
n
haddan oshib @et-
adj
"i$it= bound
overstep the "i$its
un"i$ited= ininite

haddi-hisobsi" count"ess
/>H,M9T
benihoya&t'
n
nihoyatda
ad
"i$it= end
e'tre$e"y
end"essC"yG= e'tre$e"y

,J)T9
o'rtacha
n
adj
!d<
centre= $idd"e
centra"= $idd"e
!ver!"e 9Ku!ntity;@ medium
Location
M>M,/9 adj $idd"e= avera!e
ODLCHAE
o'l#han-
o'l#hov
o'l#ham
o'l#hagi#h
v#t
v#int
n
n
n
me!ure
be $easured
$easure$ent= $easure
standardT $easure unit
!au!e= $easure instru$ent

T,)T- v#t R /NIni Ctaro0idaG Q ;ei!h N 4roperties
&AROZ: n $!le ,bjects
&ER)O)E&R n t2ermometer ,bjects
G)92B&/>: n ther$o$eter 4roperties
89),M(T) n baro$eter ,bjects
M9T(M9T>:9 n $athe$atics :no;"ed!e
G(,M(T)>M9 n !eo$etry :no;"ed!e
9LG(8)9 n a"!ebra :no;"ed!e
21
Sp!$e !nd &ime
SiHe
KA&&A
kattalik
kattalash-
kattalashtir-
kattakon
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
adj
bi"@ l!r"e
!ro;n up
!randT e"dest= e"der
si0e= "ar!eness
!et bi!!er
$a@e bi!!er= en"ar!e
hu!e= i$$enseT e"der
6ita"
%a$i"y
BL:9/ adj hu!e= "ar!e
Y:R:K
yiriklash-
!d<
v#int
l!r"e@ bi"@ bul7y
pro$inent
!et "ar!er= !et bi!!er
,pinion
K:CH:K
ki#hiklik
ki#hiklash-
ki#hiklashtir-
K:CHK:NA
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
!d<
m!ll@ little
youn!er
s$a""ness
!ro; shorter
shorten
very m!ll@ little@ tiny
%a$i"y
katta-ki#hilik si0e
M9M29 adj s$a""
BOMY
boyli
n
NABnin" CBi uHun
boHy!a yet@an
adj
iHe@ len"t2@ 2ei"2t
t!ll
!ro;n up
ta""= ;ith a !iven si0e
8ody
6ita"
UZUN
uzunlik
BL9M-
u"aytir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
lon"
len"t2
"en!then= e'tend
"en!then= e'tend
Ti$e
.>&.9
isali
isar-
isartir-
adj
n
v#int
v#t
AisAartirish
short Cspace and ti$eG
brie= concise
shortness
!et shorter= be reduced
shorten= reduce
reduction
Ti$e
Meanin!
KAL&A !d<
@a"ta Ai"-
2ort
shorten

KENG
kenglik
kengay-
kengaytir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
bro!d@ =ide@ v!t@ p!$iou
e'tensive= ;ide-spread
breadth= ;idth
!et broader= !et ;ider
broaden= ;iden
&ociety
(/
enli
ensi"
n
adj
adj
;idth= breadth
;ide= broad
narro;

8(4,M,/
bepoyonlik
ad
n
"i$it"ess= bound"ess= ininiteC"yG
i$$ensity= ininity

22
&OR
torlik
toray-
toraytir-
!d<
yura!i tor
n
v#int
v#t
n!rro=@ ti"2t
narro; and "i$ited
narro;ness
be reduced= beco$e "ess
reduce
8ehaviour
FAL:N
alinlik
alinla-
alinlat-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
t2i$7J dene 9olid;
thic@ness
!et thic@er
thic@en
4roperties
M,JGJ,/
yo'g'onlik
yo'g'onlash-
adj
n
v#int
thic@= stout= at= bi!
thic@ness= stoutness= atness
!et thic@er= stouter
8ody
YU/FA
yupalik
yupalan-
yupalashtir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
t2in
thinness
!et thinner
$a@e thinner

:NG:CHKA !d< thin= s"ender
-ine
8ody
BALAN8
balandlik
balandlash-
balandlat-
!d<
!dv
n
v#int
v#t
2i"2
2i"2
2ei"2t
!et hi!her
$a@e hi!her
.uantity
Location
/AS&
pastlik
pasay-
pasaytir-
!d<
n
n
v#int
v#t
lo=
botto$
"o;ness
"o;er
"o;er
.uantity
Location
CHUFUR
chuqurlik
#huurlash-
#huurlashtir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
deep
dept2J pit
deepen C"DG
deepen C"DG

SAYOZ
sayo"lik
sayo"lash-
!d<
n
adj
2!llo=
sha""o;ness
!et $ore sha""o;

&9%H n
den!i0 sahi
surace= area
sea-"eve"

H9?M n vo"u$e= capacity= area
:692)9T n= adj sAuare
:B8C>:G n= adj cube= cubic
)E&R
millimetr
santimetr
kilometr
me!
@vadrat $etr
@ub $etr
$eas
$eas
me!
@vadrat @i"o$etr
metre
sAuare $etre
cubic $etre
$i""i$etre
centi$etre
7ilometre
sAuare @i"o$etre

G(:T9) $eas hectar
.9)>+H $eas ChandG span
23
.BL,+H $eas t;o outstretched ar$s
L:&R me! litre
23
S2!pe
SHAKL
shakllan-
shakllantir-
n
v#int
v#t
-orm@ 2!pe
$anner= ;ay
or$= ta@e shape
or$= shape
+ate!ory
Manner
NODF&A n point@ dot 9l?-;
+H>L-
chiziq
#hi"ili
v#t
n
adj
dra;= s@etch
line
ru"ed= "ined
9rt
FA&OR
atorla-
atorlash-
n
v#t
v#int
ro=@ line@ $olumn
a"i!n
"ine up= stand side by side
+ate!ory
&9% n ro;= "ine +ate!ory
N9T n "ine Meanin!
YUZ
yu"a
yu"aki
n
adj
ad
ace
ur-!$e@ -!$e
open= surace
supericia"C"yG C"DG
8ody
Manner
8(T n surace= ace 8ody
BURCHAK
bur#hakli
n
adj R nu$N Q
toJrtburcha@
toJrtburcha@"i
uchburcha@
$orner@ !n"le
;ith N an!"es
sAuare
sAuare
trian!"e

N,+H n cross
M,M n arc= bo;
YU)ALOF
yumalola-
!d<
v#t
round@ $ir$ul!r
round
Motion
2BM9L,. adj
dum-dumalo
round= circu"ar
co$p"ete"y round
Motion
9ML9/-
aylanma
aylana
v#int
adj
n
turn round
circu"ar
circ"e
Motion
.9M)>L-
ayrilma
v#int
n
turn
turnin!= corner
Motion
8O:RA
doiraviy
n
adj
$ir$le
$ir$le@ p2ere@ limit
circu"ar
Location
H9L.9 n rin!
SHAR n "lobe@ p2ere
G)92B& $eas de!ree Can!"esT te$peratureG 4roperties

&ODGDR: !d<
!dv
n R toJ!Jri!a
tr!i"2t
tr!i"2t !=!y@ dire$tly
strai!ht a;ay
Motion
2*
adj
to'ppa-to'g'ri
ri!ht= correct= true
perect"y strai!ht
:no;"ed!e
8B)M9 n o"d 4rocesses
.9T
.9TL9M
n
n
"ayer
"ayer
Housin!
FAIA&
avatli
avatla-
n
avatma-avat
adj
v#t
l!yer@ tr!tum@ ply
pi"e= stac@
"ayered= stratiied
pi"e up= stac@ up
Housin!
T(:>&
tekisla-
notekis
adj
v#t
adj
s$ooth= "eve"
"eve"
irre!u"ar= uneven
4roperties
&>MM(T)>:
&>MM(T)>M9
adj
n
sy$$etric
sy$$etry

49)9LL(L adj para""e"
M,T>. adj "od!in!= a""en
hori0onta"
Motion
T>:
tikka
adj
ti@ tur-
adj
strai!ht= steep
stand up strai!ht
upri!ht= strai!ht

:,JT9)M9 adj risin!= steep 4rocesses
.>M9
iyalik
n= adj
n
s"opeT s"opin!
s"ope= inc"ine

(G-
egil-
egri
v#t
v#int
adj
bend= bo;
bend= bo;
bent= croo@ed
4rocesses
egri-bugri croo@ed= t;isted
.>/GJ>)
ing'irlik
adj
n
croo@ed
croo@

B+H
u#hli
u#hla-
n
adj
v#t
point= end= e'tre$ity
sharp= pointed
sharpen
Location
.>))9 n top= pea@T ed!e= rid!e Location
,M,. n e'tre$ity= end= co$p"etion 8ody
,GJ>L n $outh= openin!= aperture 8ody
25
Lo$!tion
&URE v#int stand
t!y 9!t;@ top@ be 9=2;
Motion
YER
yerlik
n
bu?2u?u yerBd!?"!?d!n
K!yerBd!?"!?d!n
2!r ?? 2e$2 yerBd!?"!?d!n
a""aAayerIdaD!aDdan
adj
l!nd
pl!$e 9l?-;
2ere@ t2ere
=2ere
every=2ere ?? no=2ere
so$e;here
"oca"

M9H9LL>M adj "oca"T native Housin!
4OY
!oyla-
joylash-
!oylashtir-
n
boshAa joyIdaD!aDdan
joyida
/NI!a Q so"-DAi"-
v#t
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
pl!$e 9l?-;@ poition
e"se;here
just ri!ht= s$ooth"y
$a@e roo$ or N
"ay up= "ay aside
be lo$!ted !t A@ be itu!ted !t A
ind a p"ace in N= sett"e do;n in N
ind a p"ace or N in M= put N in M
Manner
4rocesses
ODR:N
o'rinli
o'rinsi"
o'rnat-
o'rnash-
o'rnashtir-
n
oJrin o"-
oJrin tut-
/NInin! oJrnIini bos-
/NInin! oJrni!a
adj R nu$N Q
adj
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
pl!$e@ room
pl!$e to it@ e!t@ pl!$e to leep
ta@e p"ace= ta@e a seat
occupy a seat
rep"ace N= ta@e the p"ace o N
instead o N
;ith N seats
appropriate= reasonab"e
;ith no roo$T unappropriate
put up N at M= set up N in M= insta"" N at M
estab"ish= ound
sett"e do;n in N= estab"ish onese"
Housin!
(vents
,pinion
,pinion
&ociety
4rocesses
M9:,/ n p"ace= "ocation= space
M9M2,/ n p"ace= area= ie"d= site= territory Housin!
L,/9 n 0one
8,J&HL>. n e$ptiness= space 4roperties
%9L, n spaceT outer space /ature
TBT- v#t occupy Cp"ace= "ocationG 4rocesses

:CH
ichki
ichkari
n
NABnin" CBid!?d!n?"!
!d<
n@ !dv
interior@ inide
inide A@ in A
inner@ intern!l
inide

&ASHF:
&ASHFAR:
!d<
n@ !dv
/NIdan Q
outer@ e>tern!l
e>terior@ outide
other than N= in addition to N= besides N .uantity
i#hki-tashi inside and outside
&>)T n e'terior= appearance= surace +ate!ory
21
sirti adj e'terna"= out;ard
CHEK
CHEGARA
#hegarala-
#hegaralan-
#hegaradosh
n
n
v#t
v#int R /N bi"an Q
adj R /N bi"an Q
limit@ bound!ry@ limit!tion
bound!ry@ limit@ -rontier
put "i$its
border N= have rontiers ;ith N
have rontiers ;ith N
.uantity
N,)>?
$ori!iy
n
adj
rontier
border= rontierT orei!n &ociety
TBT9&H- v#int R /NI!a Q border on N= be connected to N
8O:RA n $ir$le
$ir$le@ p2ere@ limit
&hape
&ociety
&,H9 n do$ain= ie"d :no;"ed!e
?>H9T n aspect= side= ie"d )e"ations
)ARKAZ
markaziy
marka"lash-
marka"lashtir-
n
!d<
v#int
v#t
$entre 9lo$!tion !nd or"!niH!tion;
$entr!l
concentrate= centra"i0e
concentrate= centra"i0e
&ociety
ODR&A
o'rtalik
o'rta#ha
n
!d<
n
adj
$entre@ middle
!mon" A@ bet=een A
$entr!l@ middle
centre= $idd"e
avera!e CAuantityG= $ediu$
.uantity
ORA
oralik
orala-
n
NA bil!n NYBnin" CBi
n
v#int
interp!$e@ middle@ midt
!mon" A
interp!$e@ dit!n$e bet=een A !nd Y
interva" o ti$e= period o ti$e
interva"= interspace
occupy= popu"ate= reAuent
Ti$e

&O)ON
tomonli
tomonlama
n
har to$ondan
post R /NI!a Q
adj R nu$N Q
n
adj
ideJ =!y 9dire$tion;
ro$ a"" directions= ro$ a"" sides
to;ards
N sided
side= aspect= perspective
-sided
Mind
Aaysi DD shu DD oHsha yoH" ;hich DD this DD that ;ay Transport
&ARA(
A&RO(
n
tarafma-taraf
n
yaAin atroda
ide 9one o- t=o oppoite ide;
side= party
opposite= opposin!
urroundin"@ vi$inity
!round A
around N= about N
around here
9ction
.uantity
T(69)9: n
surroundin!s= nei!hbourhood= outs@irts
in the environs o N

tevarak-atrof surroundin!s= environ$ent
+H(::9 n
adj
side= ed!e
surroundin!

,)9- v#t
oJrab o"- D tur-
;rap up= ro"" up
surround= encirc"e
4rocesses
27
oral- v#int R /N bi"an Q be surrounded by N
.B)&H9-
urshal-
urshov
v#t
v#int
n
surround
be surrounded
surroundin!= encirc"in!

YON
yonlab
yonbosh
yonboshla-
yondosh
yondosh-
n
yonma-yon
adv R /NIni Q
n
v#int
adj R /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
ide 9immedi!te vi$inity;
ne!r A@ beide A
on N= ;ith N
side by side
a"on! the ed!e o N= by the side o N
side
"ie on oneJs side
adjacent to N= ne't to N
para""e"
reach N= approach N= co$e near N
4ossession
8ody
M,. n
buDu yoAIdaDdanDAa
u yoA bu yoAAa
side
here= there
here and there

M,.9
yoala-
n
v#t
ed!e= ban@
;a"@ a"on!= !o a"on!

8()> adv
/NIdan QIdaDdanD!a
near= c"ose
this side o N

/9)> adv
/NIdan QIdaDdanD!a
over there
beyond N= over N

L98 n ban@= rid!e= ed!e 8ody
YAF:N
yainlik
yainlash-
yainlashtir-
!d< G NAB"!
nu$NI!a Q
bir-biri!a Q @e"tir-
yaAinda!i
yaAindan
/NInin! yaAinIidaDdanD!a
n
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
ne!r by A@ $loe to A
c"ose to N= about N= appro'i$ate"y N
brin! c"oser
the one nearbyT the ne't one
direct"y= inti$ate"y
near N
c"oseness= pro'i$ity
co$e near N= !et nearer= approach N
put N near to M= $ove N near to M
.uantity
Manner
FODSHN:
o'shni#hilik
n
n
nei"2bour
nei!hbourhood
&ocia"
L>+H
"i#hlik
ad
n
c"oseC"yG= ti!htC"yGT denseC"yG= thic@C"yG
c"osenessT density

?>4&
!ipslash-
ad
v#int
c"oseC"yG= ti!htC"yG
sAuee0e up= $er!e
4rocesses
GJB? adj c"ustered= pi"ed up
&>M)9: ad rareC"yG= se"do$T sparseC"yG +ate!ory
Y:ROF
yirolik
yirolash-
yirolashtir-
!d< G NABd!n
n
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t R /NIni /MIdan Q
-!r -rom A@ dit!nt@ remote
re$oteness= distance
$ove a;ay ro$ N= !o ar a;ay ro$ N
$ove a;ay N ro$ M=
ta@e a;ay N ro$ M

UZOF
u"odagi
!d< G NABd!n
uHoKd!
u0oAdan
adj
-!r -rom A@ dit!nt
"on! Cti$eG
in t2e dit!n$e@ -!r !=!y@ -!r o--
ro$ a distance
ar= distant
Ti$e
2-
u"olik
u"ola-
u"olash-
u"olashtir-
n
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
distant p"aceT re$oteness
$ove a;ay N ro$ M
,L>&
olisla-
adj
o"isda
v#int R /NIdan Q
ar= distant
CveryG ar a;ay= ar o
!o ar a;ay ro$ N

)ASO(A n G NA bil!n NY or!id!"i C dit!n$e bet=een A !nd Y

OL8
oldingi
n
oldind!
oldin"!
adj
ront= ront part
in -ront o- A@ be-ore A@ in preen$e o- A
in -ront
!2e!d@ -or=!rd
ront

OLGDA !dv -or=!rd9;
.,&H n
eyebro;s
in presence o N= in ront o N
8ody
HBLB) n
presence
in presence o N
)e"ations
ORFA
oradagi
n
CBd!?d!n?"!
adj
b!$7@ b!$7 p!rt
be2ind A
be2ind ? -rom be2ind ? b!$7=!rd9;
behind
8ody
:(T n
bac@= bac@ partT buttoc@s
behind N
8ody
,)T
orti
n
adj
bac@
behind N
bac@

FARSH: !d<
arshima-arshi
oppoite
opposite each other
)e"ations
T(&:9)> n
tes@arisi!a
inside out= contrary
)e"ations
CHA/ !d<@ n
$2!p tomon
chap AoJ"
le-t
le-t ide
"et hand CsideG

&,JL adj "et
ODNG !d<@ n
oDn" tomon
oJn! AoJ"
ri"2t
ri"2t ide
ri!ht hand CsideG

:,J/29L9/G adv
post R /NI!a Q
across= cross;ise
across N

US&
ustki
n
adj
top= surace
on 9top o-; A
in addition to N
about N
upper= on the top
.uantity
Meanin!
OS& n
"o;er part= botto$
under A

30
ostki adj "o;er
ostin-ustin il- pi"e one on top o another
turn upside do;n

BL)9 post R /N Q at N= on N= above N
T(49
tepalik
n
tepada
n
pea@= top
on the top o N= above N
upstairs
uphi""

&AG n
bottom@ lo=et p!rt
oundation= root= basis
under N= beneath N
+ate!ory
BALAN8 !d<
!dv
2i"2
2i"2
&i0e
/AS&
pastki
pastlik
!d<
n
pastda
pastda!i
adj
n
lo=
bottom
be"o;T do;nstairs
botto$= "o;er= be"o;
botto$= "o;er= be"o;
do;nhi""
&i0e
YUFOR: n
!d<
yuAorida
yuAorida!i
top@ 2i"2et p!rt
2i"2 9-i"#;
above
above
+ate!ory
MB:&9:
yuksaklik
adj
n
hi!h C"DG
hei!ht
+ate!ory
.BM> n
adj
botto$= "o;est part
"o;er

TB89/ adj "o; C"DG
F:RRA n top@ pe!7J ed"e@ rid"e
B+H n point= end= e'tre$ity &hape

BOSH n head
be"innin"@ our$e
8ody
(vents
,&H9 post R /N Q throu!h N= !ettin! throu!h N Motion
FARAB pot G NAB"! C to=!rd A@ in dire$tion o- A
in accordance ;ith N Manner
&9)> post R /N Q to;ards N
N ater NCSti$e unitG (vents
8,JM>+H9 post R /N Q in accordance ;ith N= in connection ;ith N
throu!hout N= a"" over N= a"" a"on! N
Manner
,)9L98 adv throu!hout= a"" over= a"" a"on!
FA8AR pot G NAB"! C up to A@ to A@ ! -!r ! A
unti" N= ti"" N= up to N
4erception
(vents

SHARF
shariy
n
adj
E!t
eastern= orienta"

GDARB n 6et
31
g'arbiy adj ;estern= occidenta"
SH:)OL
shimoliy
n
adj
Nort2
northern

4ANUB
!anubiy
n
adj
Sout2
southern

shi$o"i-sharA
shi$o"i-!Jarb
janubi-sharA
janubi-!Jarb
north-east
north-;est
south-east
south-;est

32
&ime !nd 8ur!tion
IAF&
vatli
vatin#ha
barvat
bevat
n
v!KtBi bor ?? yoDK
/NI!a Q @et-
oDH v!Ktid!
2!r v!Kt
buDshuDu vaAtda
bir vaAtda boJ"adi!an
adj
adv
adj
adj
time
2!ve time ?? no time
N ta@e ti$e
on time@ in time
everytime
at thisDthat ti$e
si$u"taneous
ear"y
te$porary
te$porari"y
ear"yT in advance
not at the ri!ht ti$e= pre$ature
Moda"ity
+ircu$st#
(vents
(vents
CHOGD n
N9"!n;A $2o"DBid!
bu?2u?u $2o"Dd!
time
=2en A
!t t2i?t2!t time

ZA)ON
"amondosh
zamonaviy
"amonaviylik
"amonaviylashtir-
n
ne 0a$on
bir 0a$on"ar
n
!d<
n
v#t
time@ moment
;hen
or$er"y= at so$e ti$e
conte$poray
$ontempor!ry@ modern
$odernity
$oderni0e

8AIR
davriy
n
adj
time@ epo$2@ er!
periodic

()9 n era
:(L n
@e0i @e"!anda
ti$e= $o$ent
so$e ti$e +ircu$st#
49MT n
buDDshuDDu paytda
$o$ent= ti$e CAuite shortG
at thisDDthat $o$ent
+ircu$st#
29.>.9 n $inute= CshortG $o$ent Ti$e
29M n
bir d!m
da$-bada$
$o$ent= $inute
! moment@ ! minute
continua""y= incessant"y

49&
8>)49&
n R bir pas
bir pasdan @eyin
n
a $o$ent= a $inute
in a $o$ent= in a short ti$e= short"y
$o$ent= instant

L9HL9 n R bir "ah0a
bir "ah0ada boJ"adi!an
a $o$ent= a $inute
instantaneous

MB229T
muddatli
muddatsi"
n
$uddatda
$uddatIidan o"din
adj
u0oA D AisAa $uddat"i
adj
ti$e= period o ti$e= date= ti$e "i$it
on ti$e
beore the set ti$e
;ith a period o
"on! ter$ D short ter$
un"i$ited

ORA n
shu orada
interspace
interv!l o- time@ period o- time
at that ti$e
Location
>+H n interior= inside Location
33
nu$N M ichida or N MCSti$e unitG= in N M
M,89M/>29 post R nu$N M Q ;ithin Cthe space oG N MCSti$e unitG
&>:L n cyc"e
OD&E
o'tkaz-
o'tmish
o'tki"-
v#int R /NIdan Q
oDt"!n
adj= n
oJt$ishda
v#t
pass throu!h N= cross N
p! 9time;
p!t@ l!t 9unit o- time;
$a@e N pass throu!h M
pend 9time@ 2olid!y;
past Cro$ the pastG
in the past
"ead past
Motion
MBHL9T
muhlatli
muhlatsi"
n
adj
adj
ti$e "i$it= ter$
;ith a ti$e "i$it= deter$ined
un"i$ited

HOZ:R
hozirgi
ho"ir#ha
!dv
ho0ir!ina
ho0ir CboJ"-G
!d<
ho0ir!i 0a$onDvaAtDdavr
adv
no=@ !t preent@ $urrently
<ut no= 9in t2e p!t;
just no; Cin the pastG
be present= be ready
preent@ $urrent@ $ontempor!ry@ modern
present ti$e= $odern ti$e
te$porari"y= or the $o$ent
9ction
EN8: !dv
endi!ina
endi"i@da
no=@ <ut no=
just no;= on"y no;
at present= current"y

H9L> adv sti""T not yet C;ith ne!#G
(vents
8,M9 adv recent"y= just no; Cin the pastG
oJshanda
oJshandan beri
then
since then

:(L-
kelajak
kelasi
kelgusi
v#int
n
@e"aja@da
!d<
!d<
adj
n
co$e= approach= arrive ChereG
-uture
in uture
-uture
ne>t 9unit o- time;
ne't Cunit o ti$eG
-uture
Motion
8,JL9?9: adj uture (ntities
>&T>.8,L n prospect= uture
8ARROI !dv !t on$e@ immedi!tely
8ARHOL !dv immedi!tely@ !t on$e
teH or!d!
te0 @unda
oon
soon

M9.>/ adj R /NI!a
y!Kind!
yaAindan beri
yaAin vaAtda D vaAt ichida
yaAinda!i
near by N= c"ose to N
re$ently 9in t2e p!t;
soon= short"y Cin the utureG
or a short ti$e Cin the pastG
short"y= beore "on! Cin the utureG
the one nearbyT the ne't one
Location
33
9/+H9 n
anchadan beri
a "on! ti$e
or a "on! ti$e Cin the pastG
.uantity
UZOF !d<
u0oA vaAtdan beri
u0oA oJt!an 0a$onda
lon" 9time;
or a "on! ti$e
once upon a ti$e= a "on! ti$e a!o
Location
BL9M-
u"aytir-
v#int
v#t
"en!then= e'tend
"en!then= e'tend
&i0e
F:SFA !d< 2ort 9p!$e !nd time; &i0e
,L
o"mun#ha
adj
adv
e;= s$a"" CAuantityG
a "itt"e= a ;hi"e
.uantity

KALEN8AR n $!lend!r
M>L,2 n
$i"oddan burun DD @eyin
be!innin! o +hristian era
8#+# DD 9#2#

ASR
asriy
asrdosh
n
oJrta asr"ar
adj
n
$entury@ !"e
$idd"e a!es
a!e-o"d
conte$porary

MB+H9L n cyc"e o 12 years= used to ca"cu"ate a!e
Y:L
yillik
n
oDt"!n ?? bu ?? 7el!i C9Bi;
y!n"i yil
yi" boJyi
yi"dan yi"!a
har yi"!i
oHn yi"
n
adj R nu$N Q
ye!r
l!t ?? t2i ?? ne>t ye!r
ne= ye!r
a"" year "on!
ro$ year to year
annua"= year"y
decade
!nniver!ry
N yearsJ "on!

(ASL n e!on /ature
M96&BM
mavsumiy
n
adj
season= ti$e
seasona"
/ature
BAHOR
bahorgi
bahori
n
adj
adj
prin"
sprin!
or sprin!
/ature
:,J:L9M n ear"y sprin! /ature
YOZ
yo"gi
yo"lik
n
adj
adj
ummer
su$$er
or su$$er
/ature
&9)9T,/ n hottest part o the su$$er
KUZ
ku"gi
ku"lik
n
adj
adj
!utumn
autu$na"
or autu$n
/ature
F:SH
ishi
ishlik
n
adj
adj
=inter
;inter
or ;inter
/ature
ishin-yo"in a"" the year round
:69)T9L n Auarter
OY n $oon /ature
3*
oylik
oDt"!n ?? bu ?? 7el!i C
oyma-oy
adj
n
mont2
l!t ?? t2i ?? ne>t mont2
$onth"y
$onth"y
$onth"y sa"ary (cono$y
YANIAR n 4!nu!ry
(EIRAL n (ebru!ry
)AR& n )!r$2
A/REL n April
)AY n )!y
:YUN n 4une
:YUL n 4uly
AIGUS& n Au"ut
SEN&ABR n September
OK&ABR n O$tober
NOYABR n November
8EKABR n 8e$ember
+H>LL9 n
Aish chi""asi
yo0 chi""asi
a 30 days period Cesp# ater birth= ;eddin!G
the 30 co"dest days in ;inter
the 30 ;ar$est days in su$$er

+H>&L, n
numABin$2i $2ilo 9NY;
day o the $onth= date
9Y9Lmont2;; t2e At2

&9/9 n date= year
T9)>N
tari$li
n
adj R nu$NIinchi /M Q
history
date
CdatedG MCS$onthG the Nth
(vents
HA(&A
haftalik
n
oDt"!n ?? bu ?? 7el!i C
hata o'iri
adj
=ee7
l!t ?? t2i ?? ne>t =ee7
;ee@-end
;ee@"y

SHANBA n S!turd!y
YAKSHANBA n Sund!y
otdi' @uni &unday
8USHANBA n )ond!y
SESHANBA n &ued!y
CHORSHANBA n 6edned!y
/AYSHANBA n &2urd!y
4U)A n (rid!y
KUN n
@un boJyi D @uni bi"an
NA 7uni
bir ? 2!r 7uni
avva"!i D i"!ari!i @un
sun
d!y
time@ d!y@ li-e
a"" day
on A9Ld!y o- t2e =ee7;
one ? everyd!y
the day beore yesterday
/ature
&ocia"
35
kunda
kundalik
kunli
kundu"
kundu"gi
birisi @uni
adv
adj
adj
n
7unduHi
adj
the day ater to$orro;
in the day= dai"y= per day
dai"y
dai"y
day= dayti$e
durin" t2e d!y
dayti$e
&UN
tundagi
tuna-
n
oJt!an tun
yari$ tun
adj
v#int
ni"2t
"ast ni!ht
$idni!ht
ni!ht
pass the ni!ht

T,/G n
ton! ot-
ton! payti D otishi
da;n= daybrea@
day brea@
at da;n

ER&A
ertalab
ertalabki
ad
n
ert! bil!n
n@ !dv
adj
ear"y
mornin"
in t2e mornin"
9in t2e; mornin"
$ornin!= ear"y
(vents
9L,/ n da;n= ear"y $ornin!
&9H9) n
saharda D sahar"ab
ear"y $ornin! Cbeore da;nG
beore da;n

erta-ke#h day and ni!ht
ertadan @ech!acha ro$ ear"y $ornin! ti"" "ate at ni!ht
4(&H>/ n
pe2ind!n il"!ri
pe2ind!n 7eyin
$idday= noon
9!t; -orenoon@ 9in t2e; mornin"
9in t2e; !-ternoon

&USH
tushki
n
tushda
tu2d!n 7eyin
tush vaAti
adj R tush@i payt
midd!y@ noon
at noon
9in t2e; !-ternoon
noon
aternoon

:(+H
ke#hki
kechqurun
ke#hurungi
ad
n= adv
adj
@ech@i payt
n@ !dv
adj
"ate
Cin theG evenin!
evenin!= "ate
Cin theG evenin!
9in t2e; evenin"
evenin!
(vents
,.&H,M n= adv Cin theG evenin!= sunset
KECHA
ke#halik
n
y!rim 7e$2!
7e$2!i
adj
ni"2t
midni"2t
!t ni"2t
ni!ht
Ti$e
ke#ha-kundu" ni!ht and day

oJt!an @uni the day beore yesterday
KECHA n
n@ !dv
@echa erta"ab DD @echasi
ni!ht
yeterd!y
yesterday $orni! DD "ast ni!ht
Ti$e
31
9)9%9 n eve Co the end o )a$adan or other dayG
BUGUN
bugungi
n@ !dv
bu!un erta"ab DD @echAurun
adj
tod!y
this $ornin! DD toni!ht
todayJs

bu @echasi toni!ht
()T9
ertaga
ertasi&ga'
n
n@ !dv
erta!a erta"ab DD @echasi
adv
$ornin!
to$orro;
tomorro=
to$orro; $ornin! DD to$orro; ni!ht
the day ater to$orro;=
the ne't day

bugun-erta today or to$orro;
>/2>/
indinga
n
adv

erta-indin in a day or t;o

SOA&
soatli
n
C numA ?? numABd!
C numABd!n numYt!? minut
oDtdi ?? oDt"!nd!
C numYt!? minuti 7!m
numA ?? numABd!
C numA y!rim ?? y!rimd!
adj
2our
it i ?? !t A oD$lo$7
it i ?? !t Y p!t A
it i ?? !t Y to A
it i ?? !t 2!l- p!t A
c"oc@= ;atch
hour"y
,bjects
M>/BT
minutli
n
adj
$inute
Cin $inutesG

8AF:FA n minute
$inute= CshortG $o$ent

SEKUN8
sekundli
n
adj
e$ond
Cin secondsG

&,/>M9 n second
37
Event !nd Evolution
BODLE v#int
NA?AA C
/ND9N QIib Ao"-
be@ $ome into bein"@ 2!ppen
be$ome A@ "et A
beco$e N= !et N
(ntities
FOLE
olo
v#int
/NIdaD!a Q
IABib C
adj
rem!in@ t!y
!et N= end in N Cbad situationG
"et A 9=it2 $2!n"ed t!te@ uddenly;
bac@;ard
Motion
KE&E v#int
IABib C
6NIa Q
!o= "eave
"et A@ t!rt to A 9intenive@ un-oreen;
start to N CintensiveG
Motion
ODZGARE
o'"gart-
o'zgartir-
v#int
oJ0!arish
oJ0!ar$as
v#t
v#t
oJ0!artirish
$2!n"e@ !lter
chan!e= transor$ation
constant= invariab"e
chan!e= a"ter
$2!n"e@ !lter
rep"ace= substitute
chan!e= transor$ation
)e"ations
AYLANE
aylantir-
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
turn into A@ $2!n"e into A
turn A into Y@ tr!n-orm A into Y
Motion
/NInin! oJrnIini bos- rep"ace N= ta@e the p"ace o N Location
9LM9&H-
almashtir-
v#int
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
a"ternate= o""o; one another
$2!n"e A -or Y@ e>$2!n"e A -or Y 4ossession
9M>)8,&H n R /NIni Q Ai"-
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
chan!e N= rep"ace N
e'chan!e N or M 4ossession
89).9),)
bararorlashtir-
adj
v#t
stab"e= constantT estab"ished= ir$
stabi"i0e

()G9&H- v#int R /NI!a Q o""o; N 4rocesses
,).9 n
/NInin! QIsidan bor-
bac@= bac@ part
o""o; N
8ody
Location
Motion
>L n
/NInin! QIidan bor-
i"ma-i"
trac@= trace= ootprint= spoor
o""o; N
one ater the other
4rocesses
Motion
ketma-ket one ater another Location
OL8:N
oldingi
adv
N9"!ni?i2;ABd!n 9NY; C
bundan /N Q
o"dinda
o"dindan
!d<
o"din!i vaAtDdavrD0a$onIda
irst= irst o a""
9Y9Ltime dur!tion;; be-ore A
NCSti$e durationG a!o
previous"y= ear"ier
in advance= ear"ier
previou@ e!rlier
a "on! ti$e a!o

:LGAR: !dv
bund!n NA C
i"!ari bo"-
-or=!rd
-ormerly
9Y9Ltime dur!tion;; be-ore A
A9Ltime dur!tion; !"o
co$e beore= be in ront

3-
ilgarigi
ilgarila-
!d<
v#int
previou@ e!rlier
pro!ress= !o ahead
8B)B/
burungi
burundan
adv
/C!aniDishGNIdan C/MG Q
bundan /N Q
adj
adv
or$er"y
CMCSti$e durationGG beore N
NCSti$e durationG a!o
previous= or$er= prior
irst= irst"y

AIIAL
avvalgi
avvalo
!dv
bund!n NA C
adj
adv
-irt@ -irtly
A9Ltime dur!tion; !"o
previous= ear"ier
irst= irst"y

>L: adj irst= initia"
29&TL98
dastlabki
adv
adj
irst
initia"= pri$ary

bir yoJ"a si$u"taneous"y
KEY:N
keyingi
keyin#halik
!dv
@eyinda
@eyindan
!d<
adv
!-ter@ !-ter=!rd@ l!ter on
9Y9Ltime dur!tion;; !-ter A
A9Ltime dur!tion; !-ter
o""o;in!= ne't= "ater
Cso$e;hatG "ater on
-ollo=in"@ ne>t@ l!ter
subseAuent"y= ater;ards

&,J/G
so'ng&ra'
so'nggi
n
adj
end= inish
NCSti$e durationG ater
"ast= u"ti$ate
(vents
/9689T n
navbatda!i
turnT Aueue= "ine
o""o;in!= ne't
9ction
BOSH
boshla-
boshlan-
boshlang'i#h
boshlov
boshlov#hi
n
boshida
boshidan
IAB! C
N9"!ni;ABd!n bo2l!b
v#int
adj
n
n
head
be"innin"@ our$e
at irst= at the be!innin!
ro$ the start
be"in@ t!rt A =it2 Y
t!rt to A
in$e A@ -rom A
be"in@ t!rt
initia"= pri$ary
be!innin!= startin!
be!inner
CT6= radioG hostT !uide
8ody
Location
9&L9/ adv ori!ina""y= at irst )e"ations
9L9L29/ adv a"" throu!h the a!es= a";ays
:>)>&H- v#int R /CishGNI!a Q set about N= start Nin! Motion
TB&H- v#int
/NI!a Q
!o do;n= descend
a"" to N= start N
Motion
BER: pot G N9"!ni;ABd!n C in$e A@ -rom A
-or t2e l!t A9Ltime dur!tion;

8BM,/ post R /NIdan Q ever since N
or the "ast NCSti$e durationG

8,JM>+H9 post R /N Q in accordance ;ith N= in connection ;ith N Manner
30
/C!aniGN Q
ever since N
Location
8,JML98 post R /N Q over the ;ho"e "en!thDperiod &i0e
8AIO)
davomli
n
NA CBid!
d!vom etE?KilE
NABni C ettirE
NA d!vom etE?KilE
adj
$ontinu!tion
-or A9Ltime dur!tion;@ in AD time
$ontinue
$ontinue A
l!t -or A9Ltime dur!tion;
pro"on!ed= "en!thy

BLLB:&>L ad continuousC"yG= uninterruptedC"yG 4rocesses
MBTT9&>L adj continuous= uninterrupted
T>/>M&>L adv ;ithout respite= continuous"y= incessant"y 6ita"
oldi-keti ro$ be!innin! to end= a"to!ether Location
YO&E v#int
IABib CBib
"ie= "ie do;n
be Ain" 9pro"reive;
Motion
&URE v#int
6NIib QIa
IABib CBib
stand
@eep Nin! Chabitua"= repetitiveG
7eep Ain" 9pro"reive@ moment!rily;
Motion
(vents
YURE v#int
IABib CBib
6NIib QIa
$ove Cor;ardG= !o Cor;ardG
7eep Ain"@ $ontinue to A
usua""y do N= re!u"ar"y
Motion
(vents
KELE v#int
IABib C
co$e= approach= arrive ChereG
peritin" to A@ $ontinuin" to A
Motion
8()- v#t
6NIa Q D 6NIaver-
!ive= !rant
persistin! to N= continuin! to N
4ossession
HAL: !dv
ha"i ha$
tillJ not yet 9=it2 ne"#;
sti""
Ti$e
H9M,/ adv
6NI!an Q
sti""= not yet C;ith ne!#G
as soon as N

H9/BL adv
hanu0!acha
sti""= not yet C;ith ne!#G
unti" no;= so ar

SAR: post R /N Q
IAB"!nBi C IY
bor"!n !ri IA
N ater NCSti$e unitG
t2e more A t2e more Y
more !nd more A
Location
&ARAFF:Y
taraiylash-
taraqqiyot
t!rr!Kiy KilE?Eet
tarraAiy Ai"dir-Dettir-
v#int
n
develop@ !dv!n$e 9intr!nitive;
deve"op CtransitiveG
deve"op
development@ pro"re@ !dv!n$ement
9ction
4),G)(&& n pro!ress
8,&.>+H n "eve"= de!reeT sta!e= phase +ate!ory
96? n
avj!a o"-
c"i$a'= hi!h point
reach its c"i$a'

:9M,LC,TG n perection
deve"op$ent= evo"ution
,pinion
(6,LMBT&>M9 n evo"ution
)>6,? n deve"op$ent
31
R:IO4LANE
rivo!lantir-
v#int
rivoj"anish
v#t
develop
deve"op$ent
deve"op
>LG9)>L9- v#int pro!ress= !o ahead (vents
>LGJ,) adj advanced= "eadin!
outstandin! ,pinion
T9/9LLBL n re!ression= dec"ine
>/.>),L n
inAiro0!a uchra-
dec"ine= decay
dec"ine= decay

&B&9M-
susaytir-
v#int
susayish
v#t
"a! behind= dec"ine= di$inish= s"o; do;n
dec"ine= depression= decay
;ea@en

.9MT- v#int dec"ine= ade Motion
8,)- 6NIib Q
bora-bora
Nin!= pro!ressin! uninterrupted"y
!radua""y
Motion
8>)29/ adv
birdani!a
sudden"y
sudden"y

8(N,& adj
be'osdan
sudden
sudden"y= une'pected"y

&ODSA&8AN !dv uddenly@ une>pe$tedly@ !bruptly
29%J9T9/ adv sudden"y (vents
hash-pash de!uncha in a "ash= sudden"y
:,J+H- v#int
CboshAaG /NI!a Q
$ove= $i!rate
shit to CanotherG N= s;itch to N
Motion
&ODA&AE
to'$tash
to'xtat-
to'$tovsi"
v#int
toJ'tab Ao"-
IABi2d!n C
n
v#t
/NIni toJ'tatib AoJy-
ad
top
stop= crash
top Ain"
;ait= stay= stop a ;hi"e
stop
9$!ue to; top@ 2!lt@ interrupt
Ccause toG stop N= interrupt N
constant"y= incessant"y
perpetua"= non-endin!
Motion
T>/- v#int
tin$ay
stop
uninterrupted"y

FA8AR pot G NAB"! C up to N= to N= as ar as N
until A@ till A@ up to A
Location
OA:R
oxirgi
n
NABnin" CBid!
!d<
o'iri
!d<
end@ -ini2@ $on$luion
!t t2e end o- A
end@ l!t
at "ast
l!t

9N>) adv
Q= +N\
at "ast= ina""y
at "ast= N\= ;e"" then= N\= so= N\

&UGAE
tugat-
tugal
v#int
v#t
adj
be -ini2ed@ be $ompleted
-ini2@ $omplete
!raduate ro$= inish Cschoo"G
"iAuidate= ;ipe out
co$p"ete
:no;"ed!e
9ctions
32
tugalla-
tugallan-
v#t
v#int
e"i$inate= eradicate= inish o
!et inished
9ctions
8>T-
bitir-
bitka"-
v#int
v#t
6NIib Q
v#t
be inished= be co$p"eted
inish= co$p"ete
inish N
inish= co$p"ete

&A)O)
tamomla-
tamomiyla
tamoman
batamom
n
t!mom boDlE
t!mom KilE
v#t
adv
adv
adv
end@ -ini2
tot!l@ =2ole
be -ini2ed@ be $ompleted
-ini2@ $ompleteJ "r!du!te
inish= co$p"ete
co$p"ete"y= utter"y
co$p"ete"y= tota""y
co$p"ete"y= tota""y

&,J/G
so'ngsi"
n
adj
end= inish
end"ess

N,T>M9 n
/NI!a Q ber-
end= conc"usion
end= inish= co$p"ete

,M,. n e'tre$ity= end= co$p"etion 8ody

)AR&A n time 9o$$uren$e o- !n event?!$tion;
M9H9L n ti$e Coccurence in ti$eG
G9L n
bu !a"
ti$e Coccurence in ti$eG
this ti$e

29%J9 n
bu daJa
this ti$e

&9%9) n
bu saar
this ti$e

B:R !dv on$e@ <ut .uantity
FAY&A
aytala-
aytalan-
.9MT9)-
!dv
Aaytadan
Aayta-Aayta
v#t
v#int
v#t
!"!in@ !ne=@ !-re2
a!ain
over and over a!ain= repeated"y
repeat
be repeated= happen a!ain
cause to !o bac@= turn bac@
repeat
Motion
M9/G>29/
M9/G>+H9C&>29G
adv
adv
a!ain= ane;= aresh
ane;= in a ne; ;ay
(vents
T9:),)
takrorla-
takrorlan-
takroriy
adv
ta@ror-ta@ror
v#t
v#int
adj
a!ain Cand a!ainG= repeated"y
repeated"y= over and over
repe!t
repeat
repetitive

YANA !dv
yanada
!"!in
$ore= another
a!ain and a!ain
.uantity
8,&H.9T29/ adv a!ain )e"ations
T9GJ>/ adv a!ain
&9M>/ post R /N Q every NCSti$e unitG
33
8O:)
doimiy
doimo
!dv
har doi$
har doi$!ide@
adj
adv
!l=!y@ $ontinu!lly
$ont!ntly@ very o-ten
a"" the ti$e= a";ays
as a";ays= as usua"
per$anent
a";ays

H9M>&H9 adv a"" the ti$e= a";ays
ha$$a vaAt
2!r v!Kt
a";ays
everytime
Ti$e
teHEteH 9IABib turE; -reKuently@ o-ten (vents
KOD/
ko'pin#ha
adj
!dv
adv
$any= p"enty= a "ot o
very
o-ten
$ost"y= $ost oten
oten
.uantity
9892
abadiy
abadiylashtir-
abadiyat
n
to abad
!d
v#t
n
eternity
or a"" eternity
etern!l9ly;@ perm!nent9ly;
-orever
perpetuate= i$$orta"i0e
i$$orta"ity= eternity

M9/GB
mangulik
ad
n
eterna"C"yG= ever"astin!
orever
eternity

BM)8,2 adv "ie"on!= or "ie= orever 6ita"
&URE v#int
IABib CB!
6NIib QIib
stand
7eep Ain" 92!bitu!l@ repetitive;
@eep Nin! Cpro!ressive= $o$entari"yG
Motion
(vents
YURE v#int
6NIib QIib
IABib CB!
$ove Cor;ardG= !o Cor;ardG
@eep Nin!= continue to N
uu!lly do A@ re"ul!rly
Motion
(vents
,JT>)- v#int
6NIib Q
sit= sit do;n
continue to N Cor so$e ti$eG
Motion
BADZAN !dv ometime@ o$$!ion!lly
baJ0i vaAtda so$eti$es= occasiona""y Ti$e
G,HC,G adv
Q +N= Q +M
goh-goh
so$eti$es
so$eti$es N= so$eti$es M
so$eti$es= occasiona""y= ro$ ti$e to ti$e

ora-sira occasiona""y= ro$ ti$e to ti$e Location
ahyon-ahyonda occasiona""y= ro$ ti$e to ti$e
o'tin-o'tin ro$ ti$e to ti$e
9LL9.9+H,/ adv a"ready= "on! a!o
2e$2 K!$2on 9=it2 ne"#; never
&>)9 adv C;ith ne!#G never Moda"ity

&B)J9T n speed= te$po
&EZ !d Kui$79ly;@ -!t@ peedy
33
tezlik
te"la-
te"lat-
te"lashtir-
te"kor
teHEteH
teHd!
te0dan
te0 boJ"-
n
te0"i@ bi"an
v#int
v#t
v#t
adj
Auic@"y= ast
-reKuently@ o-ten
Kui$7ly
in i$$ediate uture= ur!ent"y
hurry up
peed
i$$ediate"y
Auic@en= speed up= acce"erate
Auic@= det
Ti$e
Manner
+H9..,/ adv Auic@"y Mind
>L29M adv Auic@"y= rapid"y= ast
AS&A
astalik
!dv
asta-asta
n
lo=ly@ Kuietly@ "r!du!lly
very s"o;"y
s"o;ness

SEK:N
sekinlik
sekinla-
sekinlat-
sekinlashtir-
!d
se@in-se@in
n
v#int
v#t
v#t
lo=9ly;@ Kuiet9ly;
very s"o;"y= Auiet"y
s"o;ness
s"o; do;n
s"o; do;n
s"o; do;n

asta-sekin very Kuietly@ "r!du!lly
,H>&T9 adv s"o;"y= !radua""y
&:NCH
tin#hlik
tin#hsi"
notin#h
!d
n
adj
adj
Kuiet9ly;@ pe!$e-ul9ly;@ $!lm9ly;
peaceT Auietness= ca"$ness
rest"ess= not Auiet
rest"ess= not Auiet
+haracter
+on"ict
?>M ad
!im-!it
!im-!itlik
AuietC"yG= sti""= si"ent
very Auiet= sti""= si"ent
Auietness= sti""ness= si"ence
+haracter
Meanin!
&,:>/
sokinlik
adj
n
sti""= si"ent
sti""ness= si"ence

&B:B/9T
sukunatli
n
adj
si"ence= sti""ness
si"ent= sti""
Meanin!
?929L
!adallik
!adalla-
n
adj
n
v#int
speed= Auic@ness
Auic@= ast= speeded-up
speed= Auic@ness
speed up= acce"erate

SHOSHE
shoshil-
shoshiltir-
shoshilin#h
shoshir-
shoshtir-
v#int
shoshish
shoshib Ao"-
v#int
shoshi"ish
shoshi"ishda
v#t
adj
v#t
v#t
2urry@ 2!ten@ ru2
haste
!et hurried
hurry= hasten
ur!ency= e$er!ency
hurried"y= hasti"y
hasten= speed up
ur!entT hurried
hasten= speed up
press

shoshib-pishib in a hurry
3*
,&H>.- v#int hurry
pi@ vaAti rush hour

ER&A
ertagi
!d
n
adj
e!rly
$ornin!
ear"y= precocious
Ti$e
69.TL>
89)69.T
adj
adj
ear"y
ear"y
Ti$e
>L: adj ear"yT irst= initia"
KECH
ke#hki
kechik-
kechiktir-
!d
@ech boJ"-DAo"-
adj
v#int G NAB"! C
NA C
@echi@ib 6N
@echi@ish
v#t G NYB"! NABni C
l!te
be "ate
"ate
be l!te -or A9L!$tion;
be del!yed A9Ldur!tion;
be "ate Nin!
de"ay
del!y@ potpone A until Y
Ti$e
oDH v!Ktid! on time@ in time Ti$e
orAada Ao"- be s"o; Location
o"din!a yur- be ast Location

YANG:
yangilik
yangila-
yangilan-
!d<
yap-yangi
n
v#t
v#int
ne=@ -re2
very ne;= very resh
ne; thin!= nove"ty
rene;= rep"ace
be rene;ed= be rep"aced

ESK:
eskilik
eskir-
eskirt-
eski#ha
!d<
n
v#int
es@irib Ao"-
v#t
adj
old@ !n$ient
o"dness= ancientness
!et o"d= ;orn-out= out-o-date
have beco$e ;orn= outdated
;ear out Cc"othesG
o"d-ashioned= out-o-date
+"othin!
eski-tuski o"d and shabby= ;orn-outT jun@= trash
.92>M
qadimgi
n
Aadi$ 0a$on
Aadi$dan
!d<
antiAuity
ancient ti$es
ro$ ancient ti$es
!n$ient

9&)>M n a!e-o"d Ti$e
T(/G2,&H adj R /N bi"an Q the sa$e a!e as N .uantity
)O8A n
$odada!i
$odadan chiAAan
-!2ion
ashionab"e= in ashion
out-o-date= o"d-ashioned
+"othin!
&AR:A
tari$iy
n
adj
2itory
date
historic= historica"
:no;"ed!e
Ti$e
M>L/,M9 n anna"s= chronic"es Ti$e
35
(or$e !nd )otion
)otion
HARAKA&
harakatlan-
harakatlantir-
harakat#han
harakat#hanlik
harakatsi"
harakatsi"lik
n
hara@at!a @e"-
hara@at!a @e"tir-
v#int
v#t
adj
n
adj
n
movement@ move
action
$ove= set o
$ove= set in $otion
$ove= be in $otion
$ove= set in $otion
$ovin!= $obi"e
$obi"ity
$otion"ess= i$$obi"e
i$$obi"ity
9ction
&>L?>-
sil!it-
v#int
v#t
$ove= chan!e p"ace
$ove

.,JLGJ9-
o'"ga'l-
v#t
v#int
$ove= shitT stir
$ove= sur!e= set o

.>M>)L9-
imirlat-
v#int
v#t
$ove= s;ay
$ove= s;ay

&B)-
suril-
v#t
v#int
$ove= chan!e p"aceT drive
be $oved= $ove

GJ>)-GJ>) adv t;ir"in! around= a"" over the p"ace
S:LK:9&;E
silkin-
v#t
v#int
2!7e
Aua@e= vibrate

T>T)9-
titrat-
v#int
v#t
sha@e= shiver
sha@e= cause to shiver

2>)>LL9- v#int sha@e= tre$b"e= "utter
L9)L9
lar"angla-
n
/NIni QI!a @e"-
v#int
sha@in!= tre$b"in!
sha@e= tre$b"e
sha@e= tre$b"e

FAL&:RAE v#int G NABd!n C 2iver =it2 A@ tremble -rom A
KODCHE
ko'chir-
ko'#hma
v#int
CboshAaG /NI!a Q
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
adj
move@ mi"r!te
shit to CanotherG N= s;itch to N
tr!n-er@ move@ 2i-t A to Y
$obi"e= on the $ove
(vents
Motion
YURE
yurgi"-
yurgi"uv#hi
v#int
yurish
v#t
n
;a"@= stro""
move 9-or=!rd;@ "o 9-or=!rd;
;a"@= ride= drive
set in $otion= drive
driver= operator
Motion
:(L- v#int ;ander= roa$= stro""

KE&E
ketka"-
v#int
yoJA boJ"ib Q
/M uchun /N Q
v#t
"o@ le!ve
disappear
need to ta@eDspend N or M
drive out= chase a;ay
(ntities
Moda"ity
31
$a@e disappear= vanish
CH:FE v#int
chiAib @et-
"o out@ e>it
le!ve@ et out@ dep!rt
!o out= "eave
Motion
4ODNAE
jo'nat-
v#int
<oDn!b 7etE
joJnab @etish
v#t
le!ve@ et o--
dep!rt@ et out
departure
end Motion
)96,/9 n R ravona boJ"- set o= start out
yoJ"!a tush- set o Transport
BL,.- v#int $ove a;ay= !o a;ay
AYR:LE v#int G NABd!n C
NABd!n !yrilib 7etE
/NIdan Q
le!ve A
le!ve A
!et separated ro$ N= "ose N
4rocesses
4ossession
9?)9- v#int
/NIdan Q
brea@ up
"eave N= separate ro$ N
4rocesses
FOLE
oldir-
oldi
olo
v#int
/NIdaD!a Q
/NIdan Q
v#t
/N tushirib Q
n
adj
rem!in@ t!y
!et N= end in NCSbad situationG
"ose NCSopportunity= abi"ityG
"eave= put asideT $iss
"eave N= put aside N
rest= ;hat is "et
bac@;ard
(vents
+ircu$st#
(vents
&ODA&AE
to$tat-
v#int
v#t
top
;ait= stay= stop a ;hi"e
Ccause toG stop= ha"t= interrupt
(vents
M,J/9L-
yo'nalish
yo'naltir-
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
v#t
advance to;ards N
dire$tion@ trend
!uide= steer

M,.9L9- v#t ;a"@ a"on!= !o a"on! Location
&ODGDR: adj
!dv
to'g'ridan-to'g'ri
strai!ht
tr!i"2t !=!y@ dire$tly
strai!ht a;ay= direct"y
&hape
OFE
oi"-
oim
v#int
oAib tush-
v#t
n
-lo=
!et spi""ed
cause to "o;= runT spi""= upset
strea$= "o;= course
current= trend C"DG

T,&H-
toshin
v#int
toshib @et-
n
over"o;= spi"" out
over"o;= spi"" out
"ood= "oodin!= s;a$pin!

?,J&H n R joJsh ur- seethe= roth= oa$ C"DG
G>)2,8 n ;hir"poo" C"DG
(&- v#int b"o; C;indG
M(L- v#int b"o; C;indG= t;ir" around
H>L4>)9- v#int "ap= b"o; Cin the ;indG
T9&HL9/- v#t R /NI!a Q thro; o#s# atDinto N 4rocesses
,GJ- v#int R /NI!a Q "ean over N= inc"ine to N
37
og'ish-
og'ishtir-
o!Jish
v#int R /NIdan Q
deviation
deviate ro$ N= diver!e ro$ N
deviate N ro$ M
MBLL9/- v#int R /NI!a Q turn oneJs ace to N= ace N 8ody
AYLANE
aylantir-
aylanma
aylana
v#int
!yl!nib yurE ? 7elE
/NI!a Q
v#t
adj
n
turn round
revolve@ rot!te
"o -or ! =!l7@ -or ! troll
turn into N= chan!e into N
turn
circu"ar
circ"e
(vents
&hape
8B)-
buril-
bura
burama
v#t
v#int
v#t
adj
turn
turn@ be turned@ t!7e ! turn
t;ist= scre;
spira"= t;isted
4rocesses
.9M>)-
.9M)>L-
ayrilma
v#t
v#int
n
turn a;ay
t;ist= ;rin!
turn
turnin!= corner
4rocesses
&hape
YU)ALAE
yumalat-
yumalo
v#int
v#t
adj
roll
ro""
round= circu"ar &hape
2BM9L9-
dumalat-
dumalo
v#int
v#t
adj
ro"" Chead over hee"sG= so$ersau"t
ro""
round= circu"ar &hape
T,J/T9)- v#t turn over

BORE
boril-
v#int
/NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
"o 9!nd !rrive;
reach N
!o to N Ci$persona"G
.uantity
KELE
keltir-
kelish-
v#int
@e"ish
v#t
v#int
/NI!a Q
/NI!a Q
$ome@ !ppro!$2@ !rrive 92ere;
arriva"= co$in!
"et co$e
brin"@ -et$2
brin! about= cause= provo@e
$ome to"et2er
a!ree= reach an a!ree$ent on N
be suitab"e= appropriate to N
Motion
(ntities
,pinion
)e"ations
borish-kelish co$e and !o= round trip Transport
YE&E
yetish-
yetka"-
v#int G NAB"! C
NAB"! 7elib C? CBib 7elE
NAB"! CBib borE
/NInin! orAaIsidan yetib bor-
/CishGN uchun Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t
yet@a0ib ber-
re!$2 A@ !rrive to A
!rrive to A 92ere;
"et to A@ re!$2 A
catch N up
be enou!h= be suicient or N
catch up ;ith N
trans$it= pass on= convey= de"iver
pass on= de"iver
.uantity
9ction
BLGB)- v#int R /NI!a Q !et to N= reach N in ti$e 9ction
T,J./9&H- v#int R /NI!a Q run into N= co""ide ;ith N C"DG
+H(TL9- v#t
chet"ab oHt-
near the "i$its= boundaries o
$a@e a detour
.uantity
3-
FAY&E
aytar-
v#int G NAB"! C
Aaytib @e"- D @et-
Aaytish
/NIdan Q
v#t
return@ turn b!$7
dec"ine= ade
co$e D !o bac@
return
rerain ro$ N
cause to !o bac@= turn bac@
send bac@= return
repeat
(vents
Moda"ity
4ossession
OD&E
o'tkaz-
v#int G NABd!n C
oJtib @et- D @e"-
@esib oJt-
oJtish joyi
oJt@a0ib AoJy- D yubor-
p! t2rou"2 A@ $ro A
pass Cti$eG
be va"id= be eective= have $ar@et
pass= cross
cross
passa!e
m!7e A p! t2rou"2 Y
p!@ tr!nmit
spend Cti$e= ho"idayG
$a@e D "et pass
Ti$e
9ction
4rocesses
Ti$e
:(+H-
ke#hir-
ke#hik
v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan @echib oJt-
v#t
n
cross N= step on N= tread on N
!ive up N= abandon N
or!ive N
cross N= pass throu!h N
!o throu!h= e'perience
passa!e
4ossession
9uthority
Lie
K:RE
kirish
kirgi"-
kirit-
kirish-
v#int
/NI!a Q
/NI!a Q
n
v#t
v#t
v#int
enter
co$e= be!in
reach N= enter in NCSa!eG
enter NCSor!ani0ationG
entr!n$e@ entry
brin! in= "ead into= introduce
"et enter= brin! in
enter to!ether
(vents
Lie
&ociety
4rocesses
CH:FE
chiqish
chiqar-
v#int
chiAib @et- D @e"-
/NI!a Q
n
v#t
chiAarib o"-
"o out@ e>it
le!ve@ et out@ dep!rt
co$e out= appear= e$er!e
!o out= "eave
!o up= rise= c"i$b up= ascend N
e>it@ =!y out
t!7e out@ "et out@ emit@ e>2!le
t!7e out@ pull out@ put out
ta@e out= e'tract
Motion
(ntities
4rocesses

CH:FE v#int
NAB"! C
ba"and!a D yuAori!a Q
!o out= e'it
"o up@ rie@ $limb up@ !$end A
"et into A@ "et on A9Lve2i$le;
c"i$b up
Motion
Transport
,&H- v#int R /NIdan Q !o over= c"i$b over .uantity
:,JT9)>L- v#int rise= ascend C"DG 4rocesses
MB:&9L-
yuksaltir-
v#int
yu@sa"ish
v#t
rise= ascend C"DG
raise C"DG

&USHE v#int
tushib @et- D @e"-
"o do=n@ de$end
-!ll@ drop
!o D co$e do;n
*0
tushir-
NABd!n C
/NI!a Q
/NI!a Q
v#t
tushirib AoJy- D yubor-
"et o-- A9Lve2i$le;
!et in N= board NCSvehic"eG
a"" inDon NCSbad situationG
cause to descend= cause to drop
put do;n= "ay do;n
"et a"" do;n
Transport
+ircu$st#
4rocesses
.,J/- v#int a"i!ht CbirdsG= "and Cp"anesG
Y:F:LE
M>.>T-
v#int
/NIdan Q
yiAi"ib tush-
v#t
-!ll do=n@ tumble do=n
co""apse= be ruined
be thro;n do;n by N
a"" do;n= a"" over
thro; do;n= cause to a"" do;n
ca"" to co""apse= ruin

.BL9- v#int a""= co""apse

&URE
turg'i"-
v#int
NABd!n C
v#t
t!nd
t!nd up@ "et up@ rie -rom A
t!y 9!t;@ top@ be 9=2;
d;e""= sett"e do;n= "ive Cs;hG= stay CatG
"it= $a@e rise
Location
Housin!
OD&:RE
o'tirish-
o'tirish
,JT.9L- D ,JT.>L-
v#int
v#int
n
v#t
it@ it do=n
sit to!ether
party= socia" !atherin!= $eetin!
"et sit do;n
&ocia"
+H,)29/9 n R chordana Aur- sit cross-"e!!ed
T>LL9L9-
ti0 choJA-
be @nee"in!
@nee" Cdo;nG
8ody
(/G9&H- v#int bend or;ard= stoop
YO&E
yoti"-
yoti
v#int
v#t
adj
lie@ lie do=n
sett"e do;n= stay Cor so$e ni!htsG
"ay do;n
"ay out= spread out
"od!in!= a""en
hori0onta"
Housin!
&hape
+H9L.9/+H9 adv
cha"Aanchasi!a
on oneJs bac@
on oneJs bac@

YURE v#int =!l7@ troll Motion
/:YO8A !dv
piyoda yur-
on -oot
!o on oot

M9M,6 adv on oot
FA8A) n
Aada$ bos- D AoJy-
tep@ p!$e
step or;ard

,2>M
odimla-
n
v#int
step= pace= stride
step or;ard

8,&- v#t
o"!Ja bos-
press= push do;n
tread on= run over
step or;ard= $arch or;ard
4rocesses
oyoA ostIi underoot 8ody
*1
/NInin! oyoA ostIi Ai"- tread on N
YUGURE
yugurtir-
v#int
yu!urish
v#t
run
runnin!= race
$a@e run= $a@e run around

+H,4-
#hopir
v#int
adj
!a""op= run
s;it= "eet-ooted

SAKRAE v#int
NABd!n !7r!b oDtE
sa@rash
<ump@ le!p
<ump over A
ju$p= "eap

>)GJ>- v#int ju$p= thro; o#s#
H9TL9- v#int R /NIdan hat"ab oJt- ju$p over N
&94+H>- v#int "eap or;ard= sprin! or;ardT s@ip
T>)M9&H- v#int R /NI!a Q
tir$ashib chiA-
c"i$b N= c"a$ber up N
c"i$b up N

,J)M9L9- v#int
or$a"ab chiA-
cra;"= s"ither
cra;"= s"ither

S:RGDANE v#int
sir!Janib @et-
lip@ lide do=n
s"ip= s"ide do;n

T,M- v#int
toyib @et-
s"ip
s"ip

SUZE
su"uv#hi
v#int
su0ib yur-
su0ish
n
=im
s;i$
s;i$$in!
s;i$$er

&H,J/GJ>- v#int dive
UCHE
u#hir-
u#huv#hi
u#hi#h
v#int
uchish
uchib @et-
v#t
n
n
-ly
"i!ht
"y a;ay
cause to "y
brin! Co ;indG
pi"ot
CaeroGp"ane
<or@
Transport
49)6,L n
parvo0 Ai"-
"i!ht
"y

HAY8AE
haydov#hi
v#t
n
drive 9ve2i$le;
drive a;ay Ccatt"eG
p"ou!h
driver
<or@

yoJ"CniG @oJrsat-
yoJ"CniG @oJrsatib bor-
sho; the ;ay
!uide
Transport
:BL9T-
ku"atil-
v#t
@u0atib AoJy-
v#int
see o= acco$pany= send o
see o= acco$pany= send o
be acco$panied

BL9T-
u"atil-
v#t
v#int
acco$pany= send o= see o
be acco$panied
4rocessus
()G9&H-
ergashuv#hi
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
o""o; N
o""o;er
(vents
*2
/NInin! orAaIsidan bor- o""o; N (vents
>L n
/NInin! QIidan bor-
/NInin! QIi!a tush-
trac@= trace= ootprint= spoor
o""o; N
o""o; the trac@s o N= pursue N (vents
FUIE
uvla-
v#t
Auvib yet-
Auvib oJtib @et-
v#t
Auv"ab yet-
-ollo=@ $2!e
catch up
overta@e= pass
chase= pursue
overta@e= pass
+on"ict
,JL- v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan QIib @et-
overta@e N
overta@e N= !et ahead o N

/NIidan yetib bor- catch up Motion
.,+H- v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan QIib @et-
"ee N= run a;ay ro$ N
escape N= evade N
+on"ict
+ircu$st#

,L- v#t
olib borE
olib 7etE
olib 7elE
ta@e
t!7e@ t!7e !=!y@ t!7e to
t!7e@ t!7e !=!y
brin"
4ossession
8,&HL9- v#t
/NI!a QIb bor-
ta@e= ta@e to
ta@e= ta@e to N
(vents
KEL&:RE v#t brin"@ -et$2 Motion
&ASH:E
tashil-
v#t
tashib @e"tir- DD @et-
v#int
$!rry@ tr!nport
transer= $ove across
carry= brin! DD carry a;ay
be carried= transported= transered

(LT- v#t carry= ta@e= contain
KODCH:RE
ko'#hiruv#hilik
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
n
tr!n-er@ move@ 2i-t A to Y
copy C;ritin!G
transportation= deportation
Motion
Meanin!
UZA&E v#t
u0atib yubor-
p!@ 2!nd over@ "ive
pass
4rocessus
OD&KAZE v#t p!@ tr!nmit Motion
YUBORE v#t end
4ODNA&E v#t end Motion
*3
(or$e !nd E--e$t
KUCH
kuchli
ku#hlilik
kuchsiz
ku#hsi"lik
ku#hay-
ku#haytir-
ku#hsi"lan-
ku#hsi"lantir-
ku#han-
n
/NI!a QIi yet-
!d<
n
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
v#int
v#t
v#int
@uchanish
tren"t2@ po=er= -or$e
be in oneJs po;er to N
tron"@ po=er-ul
stren!th
=e!7@ po=erle
;ea@ness
!ain stren!th
stren!then= intensiy
!et ;ea@er
;ea@en
strain
tension= strain= stress

FUIIA&
uvvatli
uvvatsi"
uvvatla-
bauvvat
beuvvat
kamuvvat
n
adj
adj
v#t
adj
adj
adj
po=er@ tren"t2
po;eru"= stron!
po;er"ess= ;ea@
stren!then
stron!= robust
po;er"ess= ;ea@
;ea@= not very po;eru"

ku#h-uvvat po;er= stren!th
.B2)9T
udratli
n
adj
po;er= $i!ht
po;eru"= $i!hty

L,J)
"o'ray-
n
adj
v#int
orce= $i!ht= stren!th
stron!= ;ei!hty
stren!then= intensiy

L9>%
"aiflik
"aiflash-
n
v#int
;ea@= eeb"e
;ea@ness= eeb"eness
!et ;ea@er= $ore eeb"e

/>M?,/ adj ;ea@= eeb"e 6ita"
(/()G>M9 n ener!y
69TT
kilovatt
$eas
$eas
;att
@i"o;att

8,&>L-
8,&>M
v#int
n
be pressed= covered= oppressed
pressure
4rocesses
FA&&:F
attila-
!d<
v#t
hard C"DG
tron"@ -irm@ intene
intensiy
4roperties
.uantity
&H>229T
shiddatli
n
adj
intensity= ierceness
intense= ierce
.uantity
:(&:>/
keskinlik
adj
n
tense= sharp= ierce
tension

)(9:&>M9 n reaction
MB6,L9/9T n ba"ance= eAui"ibriu$
&BM9-
suyan-
suyan#h
v#t
/MIni /NI!a suyab AoJy-
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
prop up= support
"ean M onDa!ainst N
"ean onDa!ainst N C"DG
support Co actionG
%ee"in!s
*3
@oJtarib tur- prop up= support 4rocesses
T9M9-
tayan-
tayan#h
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
"ean N onDa!ainst M
"ean onDa!ainst N
depend upon N= "ive on N
support Co actionG
%ee"in!s
Manner
T>)9-
tirgovu#h
v#t
/NIni /MI!a tirab AoJy-
n
prop up= support
"ean N onDa!ainst M
prop= support= sta@e

>&HL9- v#int
ish"ab tur-
unction= ;or@
C@eepG unctionCin!G= ;or@Cin!G
9ction
MB)- v#int
yurib tur-
unction= ;or@
C@eepG unctionCin!G= ;or@Cin!G
Motion
**
/ro$ee
&U&E
tutil-
v#t
tutib o"-
tutib tur-
v#int
$!t$2@ eiHe@ "r!b@ "r!p
touch= use= $ove
2old@ 7eep 9l?-;
occupy Cp"ace= "ocationG
ho"d to= carry throu!h
catch= ta@e
ho"d= @eep
be cau!ht= be he"d
9ction
Location
9ction
B&HL9-
ushlan-
ush"ab o"-
ush"ab tur-
v#int
ush"anib tut-
ho"d N by M= sei0e N by M
catch= !rab
ho"d= sustain= support
ho"d CupG= be sei0ed
ho"d

>L>/- v#int !et cau!ht
OLE
oldir-
olin-
v#t
AoJ"!a o"-
v#t R /MI!a /NIni Q
v#int
t!7e
obtain= !et= acAuire
sei0e= !rab
cause M to ta@e D !et N
be ta@en= be obtained
4ossession
bosib o"- !rab= sei0e= capture= conAuer 4rocesses
&ERE
teril-
terim
v#t
terib o"-
v#int
n
pi$7 up@ pi$7@ $olle$t
pic@ up
be pic@ed up
pic@in!= !atherin!

BL- v#t pic@ Cand brea@ the ste$G
KOD&ARE
ko'taril-
ko'tarma
v#t
@oJtarib yur-
v#int
adj
li-t@ r!ie@ pi$7 up
bear= endure= stand
e"ect= pro$ote
bear= carry
rise= ascend C"DG
risin!= steep
Moda"ity
&ociety
Motion
&hape
MB:L9-
yuklan-
v#t R /MIni /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
"oad M on to NT over"oad N ;ith M
be "oaded on to NT be over"oaded ;ith N
,bjects

KODCH:RE v#t G NABni NYB"! C tr!n-er@ move@ 2i-t A to Y Motion
T9&H>-
tashil-
v#t
v#int
carry= transport
be carried= be transported= transered
Motion
&ASHLAE v#t
/NI!a Q
o"ib tash"a-
t2ro=@ t2ro= !=!y
abandon= cast aside
thro; o#s# atDinto N
re$ove
4ossession
Motion
O&E
otil-
v#t
v#int
t2ro=@ $!t@ -lin"
-ire 9=e!pon;@ 2oot
be thro;n= be cast
+on"ict
BL,.T>)- v#t thro;= cast Motion
>)GJ>T- v#t ;ave= s;in!T thro; o= cast o Motion
*5
FODYE v#t
o"ib AoJy-
AoJyib yubor-
put@ et
put or;ard= !ive
put do;n= set do;n= "ay do;n
drop

&,L- v#t put= p"ace
?,ML9&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
joy"ashtirib AoJy-
insta""= p"ace
Location
,J)/9&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q ind a p"ace or N in M= put N in M Location
TB&H>)- v#t
AoJ"!a tushir-
cause to descend= cause to drop
put do;n= "ay do;n
catch
Motion
FUYE v#t@ v#int pour@ pour out
T,J:-
to'kil-
v#t
toJ@ib yubor-
v#int
pour outT e$pty
shed
spi""= !et spi""ed
6ita"
oAib tush- !et spi""ed Motion
&H>M- v#t absorb= soa@ up
9GJ29)-
agdarma
v#t
adj
turn over= upset

OSE
osil-
osma
osig'lik
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
/NIni /MI!a osib AoJy-
v#int R /NI!a Q
/NI!a osi"ib tur-
adj
adj
2!n" 9up; A on Y@ upend A on Y
han! CupG N on M
han! CupG on N
han! CupG on N
han!in!= suspended
han!in!= suspended

>L- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
/NIni /MI!a i"ib AoJy-
han! CupG N on M
han! CupG N on M

8,T-
botir-
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
sin@ in N= !o do;n
sin@ N into M= soa@ N in M 4roperties
CHODKE
#ho'k&t'ir-
v#int G NAB"! C
/NI!a choJ@ib @et-
v#t
in7 in A
be deep in N= be "ost in NCSthou!htsG
@nee" do;n= sAuat do;n
dro;n
"o;er
($otions
:>)G>L- v#t "ead into= dra; into= introduce Motion

CH:FARE
#hiaril-
v#t
chiAarib o"-
v#int
t!7e out@ pull out@ put out
ta@e out= e'tract
be ta@en out= be e'tracted
Motion
&OR&E
tortma
v#t
tortib o"-
tortib chiAar-
n
pull@ dr!"
attract= dra; C"DG
e'tract= ta@e out
pu"" out= dra; out
dra;er
($otions
,bjects
&BGJB)- v#t e'tract= pu"" out= dra; out
MBL- v#t pu"" out= pu"" up
&B2)9
sudral-
v#t
v#int
dra!
be dra!!ed= dra! o#s#

*1
:&ARE v#t pu2
push a;ay= repe"

TB)T-
turtki
v#t
n
nud!e= !ive a push= shove
push= i$pu"se= i$petus

49M49&L9-D
4>M49&L9-
v#t !rope= ee"
&EGE
tegi"-
v#int G NAB"! C
/MI!a /N Q
v#t R /MI!a /NIni Q
tou$2 A@ $ome into $ont!$t =it2 A
2it A@ 2it 9!nd =ound A;
CMG receive N= CMG !et N
"et N touch M= a""o; N to touch M
4ossession
URE
uril-
v#t
v#int
2it@ 7no$7
be!t@ tri7e
ban! o#s#
+on"ict
T(4-
tepkila-
v#t
v#int
v#t
@ic@
beat
@ic@ out= !ive a beatin!

L9)8C9G n
/NI!a 0arba ber-
0arba ye-
b"o;= stri@e
stri@e a b"o; at N
be struc@ Ca b"o;G
+on"ict
T9.>LL9-
taillat-
v#int
v#t
be @noc@ed Cs$ooth"yG
@noc@ Cs$ooth"yG

&H9)9.
sharala-
n
v#t
ratt"e
ratt"e

&969-
savala-
v#t
v#t
beat= "ash= scutch
beat= ;hip

.,.-
oil-
v#t
AoAib @ir!i0-
v#int
ha$$er= drive in
@noc@ CdoorG= beat Cdru$G= pat
sha@e o= sha@e out
"ap
drive in
be @noc@ed= beaten= sha@en

.929- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q @noc@ N= ha$$er N into M
press N to M= press N a!ainst M
se; NCSbuttonG on M +"othin!
&H949L,. n
shapa"oA ur- DD ye-
s"ap Cin the aceG
struc@ DD !et a s"ap in the ace

+H949: n
chapa@ cha"-
c"appin!= app"ause
c"ap= app"aud
9ppraisa"
BOSE
bosil-
bosim
v#t
bosib tash"a-
v#int
n
pre@ pu2 do=n
cover= spread over
pi"e up= stac@
tread on= run over
oppress= overco$e
ca"$ do;n= Auiet do;n
print
crush= "atten
be pressed= covered= oppressed
pressure
Motion
($otions
+on"ict
<or@
%orces
4roperties
>L n trac@= trace= ootprint= spoor (vents
EZE v#t $ru2@ KueeHe
oppress= repress +on"ict
*7
e"il- v#int be crushed= be sAuee0ed
.>&-
isil-
v#t
v#int
press= pinch= sAuee0e
be pressed= be sAuee0ed

S:FE v#t KueeHe@ "rip ti"2tly@ =rin" out
?>4&
!ipsla-
!ipslash-
ad
v#t
v#int
c"oseC"yG= ti!htC"yG
sAuee0e= !rip ti!ht"y
sAuee0e up= $er!e
Location
,LGJ>) adj !raspin!= !rippin! 4ossession
+H9.- v#t crac@
.>)&>LL9- v#int crac@"e= crunch
BURAE
bural-
burma
v#t
v#int
n
t=it@ $re=
;ind up
!et t;isted
o"d
Motion
.9M>)- v#t t;ist= ;rin! Motion
T9NL9- v#t stac@= pi"e upT o"d +ate!ory
GJ>?>M
g'i!imla-
adj
v#t
cru$p"ed= creased
cru$p"e= crease

EGE
egil-
egri
egiluv#han
v#t
v#int
e!i"$aydi!an
adj
adj
bend@ bo=
bend= bo;
ri!id= sti
bent= croo@ed
"e'ib"e= p"iab"e
4roperties
4roperties
egri-bugri croo@ed= t;isted
8B:-
bukil-
bukla-
bukim
bukiluv#han
v#t
v#int
v#t
n
adj
bend
o"d
bend= be o"ded
-old
o"d
supp"e= p"iab"e
4roperties
(&H- v#t t;ist CthreadG
BL9T- v#t stretch out
>/T>L- v#int R /NI!a Q reach out or= stretch or N
+H,JL-
#ho'"il-
#ho'"iluv#han
#ho'"i
v#t
v#int
adj
adj
stretch= pro"on!
stretch out= dra; out
stretch= stretch out
e"astic
stretched out= e"on!ated
4roperties
T9)9/G adj ti!ht= taut
8,J&H
bo'shat-
bo'shash-
bo'shashtir-
adj
v#t
boJshatib yubor-
v#int
v#t
;ea@= ;ithout substanceT "oose
re"a'= s"ac@en= "oosen
s"ac@en= "oosen
soten= "ose stren!th
soten
4roperties
SH:SHE v#int
shishib @et-
=ell
s;e""

*-
shishir- v#t s;e""
8,J)T-
bo'rttir-
v#int
boJrtib @et-
v#t
s;e""
s;e""
s;e""

M,M-
yoyil-
yoyi
v#t
v#int
adj
spread out= spread C"DG
be spread out= be spread
spread= stre;ed

&B):9- v#t
/NIni /MI!a Q
rub
spread N on M= s$ear N on M
po"ish

:SHFALAE
ishalan-
v#t
v#int
rub
rub o#s#

.9&HL9-
ashlan-
v#t
v#int
scratch
scratch Co#s#G

&9/+H-
san#hil-
v#t
v#int
stab= pric@
!et stabbed= !et pric@ed

T(&H-
teshil-
teshik
v#t
v#int
n
dri""= $a@e ho"e
!et a ho"e
2ole@ openin"

:969:
:96L9-
n
v#t
ho"e= cavity= crac@
di!= stir

+HB.B) n
chuAur Aa0i- D @av"a-
pit= ho"e
di! a ho"e= a pit

,JM-
o'yma
v#t
n
di! deeper= dri""= en!rave
carvin!= en!ravin!

FAZ:E v#t
Aa0ib chiAar-
di"@ e>$!v!te
e'tract= eject

KOD)E
ko'mil-
v#t
v#int
bury@ pl!ntJ $over
bury CcorpseG
be buried= covered
&ocia"

S:NE
sindir-
sini
sini&lik'
v#int
v#t
adj
n
bre!7@ be -r!$tured
bre!7@ -r!$ture
bro@en
ra!$ent

BUZE
buzil-
buzuq
v#t
bu0ib AoJy-
v#int
!d<
poil@ bre!7
detroy@ demoli2@ ruin@ $orrupt
upset
spoi"= brea@= de$o"ish
be bro7en@ detroyed@ ruined
be poilt@ $orrupted@ out o- order
bro7en@ poilt@ out o- order
unprincip"ed= disso"ute= "icentious
9ction
($otions
8ehaviour
49)+H9L9-
par#halan-
v#t
v#int
sp"it= brea@ up= cru$b"e
sp"it= disinte!rate .uantity
8B)29L9- v#t brea@ up= tear to pieces .uantity
bosib Ao"- co""apse= cru$b"e= a"" 4rocesses
9?)9-
a!rat-
v#int
v#t
brea@ up
divide= sp"itT dispatch +ate!ory
50
a!ral- v#int
/NIdan Q
/N bi"an Q
ajra"$as
divide= sp"it= brea@ up
separate ro$ N= divorce N
inseparab"e
4ossession
%a$i"y
KESE
kesil-
kesim
v#t
v#int
n
$ut@ $2op@ $ut do=n
$ut o--@ $ut out
be cut= !et cut do;n
s"ice

.>M- v#t cut out= cut CintoG
T>L-
tilin-
tilim
v#t
v#int
n
cut C"en!th;aysG= s"ice
be cut= s"iced
s"ice

T,JGJ)9- v#t shred= chop ine"y= cut
9)+H>- v#t pee"= s@in
F:RE
ir-
v#t
v#t
AirAib o"-
"r!te@ $r!pe
shave
cut o= chop
shear
cut o= shear

.>)T>&HL9- v#t scrape c"ean
+H,4- v#t chop
UZE
uzil-
u"luksi"
v#t
v#int
ad
$ut o--@ bre!7 o--@ n!p o--
pic@ Cand brea@ the ste$G
$ut@ bre!7@ n!p
continuousC"yG= uninterruptedC"yG (vents
YORE
yoril-
v#t
yorib oJt-
v#int
plit@ $ut open
brea@ throu!h
crac@= e'p"ode
+on"ict
M94),. n= $eas s"ice= round 4"ants
Y:R&E
yirtil-
yirti
v#t
v#int
adj
te!r@ te!r up
!et torn
torn= torn up

M9/+H- v#t threshT pound
TBM- v#t pound
4B%L9- v#t
pu"ab oJchir-
b"o;
b"o; out

4,)TL9-
portlat-
portlov#hi
v#int
port"ash
v#t
adj
port"ovchi $odda"ar
e'p"ode
e'p"osion
e'p"ode= b"o; out
e'p"osive
e'p"osive

T,)T- v#t !rind
M9M29L9- v#t brea@ to bits= !rind &i0e

OCHE v#t
ochib AoJy-
open
open= set up= start
uncover= discover= disc"ose
open
9ction
Mind
51
o#hil-
ochiq
ochib yubor-
v#int
!d<
adv
uncover= disc"ose
open= open out= be open
open
open"y= c"ear"y= ran@"y 8ehaviour
YO/E
yopil-
yopish-
yopiq
yopig'lik
v#t
v#int
v#int R /NI!a Q
!d<
adj
$loe@ 2ut
$over up
cover up= hide
c"ose= be c"osed= be shut
stuc@ to N
$loed@ 2ut
c"osed= shut= covered
Mind
4rocesses
MBM- v#t shut= c"ose Ceyes= $outhG
8(): adj c"osed= shut
.9M9- v#t shut upT surround= encirc"e
BEK:&E
8(:>L-
v#t
be@itib AoJy-
v#int
2ide
shut= "oc@= s;itch o
b"oc@ CupG
be shut= be "oc@ed
Mind
T,J&-
to'si
v#t
n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
toJsiA AoJy-
bar= b"oc@
barrier= obstac"e
hinder N= create an obstac"e to N
put obstac"e in the ;ay

8,JGJ- v#t tie up= da$ up= b"oc@ 6ita"
GJ,6 n
!Jov boJ"-
!Jov so"-
ence= barrier= obstac"e
create an obstac"e
put up a ence D barrier

.,4
opla-
oplan-
n= $eas
v#t
v#int R /N bi"an Q
sac@= ba!
put in sac@s
cover
be covered ;ith N
,bjects
ODRAE
o'ral-
v#t
/NIni /MI!a Q
oJrab o"- D tur-
v#int R /NI!a Q
=r!p up@ roll up
;ind N on M
spin= ;eave
surround= encirc"e
be ;rapped ;ith N
;ind on N
Location
8,GJ
bog'la-
bog'lan-
bog'lanish
n
v#t
v#int
n
strin!= ribbon= "ace Cused or tyin!G
tie@ boundJ -!ten
be tied= be bound to!ether
re"ation= "in@
,bjects
)e"ations
BL9-
ulan-
v#t R bir-biri!a Q
v#int
join= tie to!ether= connect
be joined= be tied= be connected

TBG-
tugil-
tugun
v#t
v#int
n
@not= tie
!et @notted= tied
@not ,bjects
M(+H- v#t untie= undo
ta@e o Cc"othesG
reso"ve Cprob"e$sG
+"othin!
Mind
+H,: n
cho@ et-
sea$= joint
tear= tear o
+"othin!
T>.- v#t stic@= b"oc@
52
tiil- v#int !et stuc@= !et b"oc@ed
YO/:SHE
yopishtir-
yopisho
yopisholik
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
adj
n
ti$7 to A
bother N= c"in! to N
stic@ N to M
stic@y
stic@iness
4rocesses
%ee"in!s
M(L>M
yelimla-
n
v#t
ye"i$"ab AoJy-
!"ue= !u$
stic@= !"ue
stic@
&ubstances
MB.- v#int stic@= stainT be catchin!= conta!ious
BODLE
bo'lin-
v#t
/NIni nu$MI!a Q
/NIni /MI!a boJ"ib ber-
v#int
ep!r!te
divide N in M
distribute N to M= share N a$on! M
+ate!ory
.uantity
4ossession
AY:RE
ayril-
v#int R /NIdan Q
remove@ t!7e !=!y A -rom Y@
ep!r!te A -rom Y
"eave N
+ate!ory
Motion
9?)9-
a!rat-
v#int
/NIdan Q
brea@ up
iso"ate= separate N ro$ M
4rocesses
Motion
4ossession
+ate!ory
T9).9CLG-
taralash-
tarat-
taro
v#int
v#int
v#t
adj
disperse= scatter
disperse= scatter
disperse= scatter= spread out
scattered

T9)9CLG-
tarat-
tarash-
v#int
v#t
/NIni /MI!a Q
v#int
disperse= scatter
scatter= disperse= spread out
distribute N to M
disperse= scatter
4ossession
&,+H-
so#hil-
v#t
v#int
scatter= sprin@"e= spread= send out
be scattered= sprin@"ed= spread= sent out

&(4-
sepil-
v#t
v#int
scatterT spray= sp"ash
be scatteredT be sprayed= sp"ashed

53
)!tter !nd N!ture
/ropertie
&ODLE
to'la
to'lalik
to'li
to'ldir-
to'lat-
v#int G NAB"! C
!d<
toJ"a nu$N /M /L
n
adj
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
/NIni /M bi"an Q
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
be -illed =it2 A
-ull@ $omplete@ tot!l
N MCScontainerG u"" o L
capacity
u""= co$p"ete
-ill A =it2 Y
i"" N ;ith M
i"" N ;ith M
.uantity
T,J. adj u""= rep"ete
dar@ Cco"ourG
6ita"
4roperties
BODSH
bo'shli
bo'sha-
bo'shat-
!d<
bo'm-bo'sh
n
v#int
v#t
empty@ void
ree Cti$e= peop"eG= vacant
;ea@= ;ithout substanceT "oose
co$p"ete"y e$pty
e$ptiness= space
beco$e e$pty= be ree
empty@ $le!r
Moda"ity
Location
4rocesses
4B+H
pu#hay-
pu#haytir-
adj
v#int
v#t
ho""o;= e$pty C"DG
shrin@= ;ither
shrin@= ;ither

OGD:R
og'irlik
og'irlash-
og'irlashtir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
2e!vy@ =ei"2ty
i$portant= serious= !rave
diicu"t= hard
be diicu"t
heaviness= ;ei!ht
burden= hardship
beco$e heavyT !et ;orse C"DG
$a@e heavy
,pinion
+ircu$st#
YENG:L
yengillash-
yengillashtir-
!d<
yep-yengil
v#int
v#t
li"2t 9l?-;
very "i!ht
!et "i!hter C"DG
"i!hten= $a@e "i!hter C"DG
+ircu$st#
($otions
69L/
69LM>/
n
adj
;ei!ht
heavyT even-te$pered +haracter
T,)T- v#t R /NIni Ctaro0idaG Q ;ei!h N .uantity
GRA))
milligramm
kilo(gramm)
me!
$eas
me!
"r!mme
$i""i!ra$
7ilo"r!m

&(/T/() $eas Auinta"= hundred;ei!ht
T,//9 $eas ton
M>&.,L $eas about 3 !ra$$es

53
?>&M n
AattiA DD suyuA DD !a0si$on Q
body
so"id DD "iAuid DD !as

&BMB.
suyulik
adj
n
"iAuid= thin= ;atery
"iAuid= so"ution
&ubstances
.BMB.
uyulash-
uyulashtir-
adj
v#int
v#t
thic@ C"iAuidG
thic@en= !et thic@er
thic@en

ER:E
erit-
eritma
v#int
v#t
n
melt@ t2!=
disso"ve
$e"t= disso"ve
so"ution

FAYNAE
aynat-
ayno
v#int
v#t
adj
boil 9l?-;
boi"
boi"in!= boi"ed

8BGHL9/- v#int
bu!H"anish
evaporate
evaporation
&ubstances
T,M+H>
tom#hila-
n= $eas
v#int
drop
drip= dribb"e

.9T)9 n= $eas
Aatra-Aatra
drop
drop by drop

:,J4>:
ko'pikli
ko'pikla-
n
adj
v#int
oa$= roth= "ather
rothy
roth= oa$

4B%9: n ba""oonT bubb"e Leasure
.9L>/ adj thic@T dense Cso"idG &i0e
FA&&:F
attili
!d<
n
2!rd 9l?-;
hardness
.uantity
.,T- v#int harden= !et hard
MBM&H9-
yumshat-
YU)SHOF
yumsholik
v#int
v#t
!d<
n
turn sot= beco$e $e""o;
soten
$o""iy= paciy
o-t@ mild
$e""o;= resh CbreadG
sotness= $i"dness
8ehaviour
%ood
M9M>/ adj sot= "i!ht
8,J&H9&H-
bo'shashtir-
v#int
v#t
soten= "ose stren!ht
soten
4roperties
4rocesses
OD&K:R
o'tkirlik
o'tkirla-
o'tkirlash-
,JTM9&
!d<
n
v#t
v#int
adj
2!rp@ $uttin"
@een= c"ever= s$art= a"ert
sharpness
sharpen
sharpen
b"unt
Mind
4BNT9
pu$talik
pu$tala-
adj
n
v#t
stron!= durab"e= thic@= ir$
thorou!h= eicient= properC"yG
ir$ness
conso"idate
Manner
)US&AHKA)
mustahkamla-
!d<
v#t
tron"@ -irm@ olid@ $onolid!ted
stren!then= conso"idate

5*
mustahkamlan- v#int stren!then= conso"idate
M9H:9M
mahkamla-
mahkamlan-
adj
v#t
v#int
ti!ht= stron!= ir$
ti!hten= stren!then= conso"idate
ti!hten= stren!then= conso"idate

B&TB6,) adj ir$= so"id= unbrea@ab"e
NOZ:K
no"iklik
no"iklash-
!d<
n
v#int
-ine@ deli$!te@ -r!"ile
reined= sensitive
de"icate= touchy= tric@y
ineness= ra!i"ity= de"icacy
beco$e ra!i"e= be reined
+haracter
M,J)T
mo'rtlik
adj
n
de"icate= ra!i"e
de"icacy= ra!i"ity

MBL,M>M adj sot= $i"d= si"@en
!ent"e= ond 8ehaviour
(G>LB6+H9/ adj
e!i"$aydi!an
"e'ib"e= p"iab"e
ri!id= sti
4rocesses
8B:>LB6+H9/ adj supp"e= p"iab"e 4rocesses
+H,JL>LB6+H9/ adj e"astic 4rocesses
T(:>& adj
tep-tekis
s$ooth= "eve"
very s$ooth
&hape
&>LL>.
sillilik
sillila-
sillilash-
adj
sip-silli
n
v#t
v#int
s$ooth
very s$ooth
s$oothness
s$ooth= po"ish
!et po"ished

&>)49/+H>. adj s"ippery

SO(
soflik
!d<
n
pure
resh= c"ean
purityT c"eanness

T>/>.
tinilik
adj
n
c"ear= "i$pid= pure
c"earness= pureness

L>L,L adj "i$pid= c"ear= pure
&H9%%,% adj transparent= "i$pid= c"ear
T,L9
to"alik
adj
n
c"ean= c"earT pure
c"eanness= c"arityT purityT c"ean"iness
,bjects
4,:
poki"a
nopok
adj
adj
adj
c"eanT pure
c"eanT pure
dirtyT i$pure
,bjects
FUR:E
urit-
FURUF
urulik
.B)GJ,.
v#int
v#t
!d<
up-uru
n
adj
dry@ dry o--@ dry out
;ither
dry= ;ither
dry@ dried@ !rid
e$pty= devoid o content
co$p"ete"y dry= arid
dryness
arid= dry
Meanin!
/ature
o-uru co$p"ete"y dry= arid
55
H,JL
ho'llik
ho'lla-
adj
n
v#t
;et= $oist= soa@ed
resh Cruits= ve!etab"esG
;etness= hu$idity
;et

NA)
namlik
namla-
namlan-
!d<
n
n
v#t
v#int
d!mp@ moit@ 2umid@ =et
da$pness= $oisture
hu$idity= da$pness
soa@= steep
!et ;et= !et $oist

L9N
"a$la-
adj
n
v#int
da$p
da$pness
beco$e da$p

&BGJ,)-
sug'oril-
v#t
v#int
;ater= irri!ate
!ive ;ater to
be irri!ated
&ubstances
6ita"
8,T>)- v#t R /MIni /NI!a Q sin@ M into N= soa@ N in M 4rocesses
2>M adj stuy= su"try

T(M4()9TB)9 n
/NInin! QIi @oJtari"- DD pasay-
te$perature
NJs te$perature rise DD a""

HARORA& n temper!ture
numA d!r!<!?"r!du iliK??iiK
numA d!r!<!?"r!du ovuK
A de"ree 9o- temper!ture;
A de"ree belo= 3

$inus nu$N darajaD!radus N de!rees be"o; 0
G)92B&
gradusnik
$eas
n
de!ree Can!"esT te$peratureG
ther$o$eter
&hape
>&>-
isit-
isin-
:SS:F
issiqlik
v#int
v#t
v#int
!d<
n
n
!et ;ar$
;ar$ CupG= heat CupG
;ar$ o#s# CupG
2ot
heat= hot ;eather
2e!t
6ita"
/ature
.>L>-
i"i
v#int
adj
!et hot
hot= heated= burnin!
($otions
?9L>)9M9 adj scorchin!= burnin!
T,8L9- v#t heat= or!e
>L>-
ilit
iliq
ililik
v#int
v#t
!d<
ili-mili
n
!et ;ar$
;ar$ CupG
=!rm 9l?-;@ tepid
;ar$= tepid
;ar$th= tepidity

SALF:N
salinlik
salinlash-
!d<@ n
n
v#int
$ool@ re-re2in"J $ool9ne;
coo"ness
!et coo"er
reshen o#s# CupG= reresh o#s# 6ita"
&,6B-
sovut-
sovuq
v#int
sovub Ao"-
v#t
!d<
n
!et co"d= turn co"d
!et co"d= turn co"d
coo" Cdo;nG
$old@ -roty
co"d
51
&,6.,T- v#int
rost
!et co"d= ree0e
/ature
)UZLAE
mu"lat-
$u0de@
v#int
v#t
very co"d C"i@e iceG= rosty
-reeHe
be ro0en= ree0e
C$a@eG ree0e
&ubstances
6ita"
T,J/G-
to'ngdir-
v#int
toJn!ib Ao"-
v#t
ree0e
ree0e
C$a@eG ree0e

YORUGD
yorug'lik
M,)>-
yorit-
yoritil-
M,).>/
!d<@ n
yop-yorug'
n
v#int
v#t
yoritish
v#int
adj
li"2t@ bri"2tJ li"2t
very bri!ht= very "i!ht
"u$inosityT Cp"ace ;ithG "i!ht
!ive "i!ht
"i!ht CupG= i""u$inate
"i!htin!
be i""u$inated
bri!ht= "i!ht
&ubstances
FORONGD:
qorong'ilik
orong'ilan-
orong'ilat-
!d<@ n
op-orong'i
n
v#int
v#t
d!r7@ ob$ureJ d!r7ne@ ob$urity
pitch-dar@
d!r7ne@ ob$urity
dar@en= !ro; dar@
dar@en= $a@e dar@
&ubstances
LBLM9T n obscurity
N>)9
$iralan-
adj
v#int
du""= di$= dar@
!et du""= !et di$= dar@en

&>M,CHG adj
sim-siyo&h'
b"ac@= dar@
deep b"ac@= very dar@
&ubstances
RANG
rangli%rangdor
rangsi"
n
/N Aaysi ran!da
/NI!a ran! ber-
rang-barang
adj
@oJp ran!"i
adj
$olour
;hat co"our is N
paint= dye
co$p"e'ion
co"our N
$u"ti-co"oured
co"oured
$u"ti-co"oured
co"our"essT pa"e
,bjects
8ody
TB& n shade= hue= co"our
appearance= $anner (ntities
,L9 adj
ola-bula
$u"ti-co"oured= co"ouru"
co"ouru""y patterned

yol-yol striped Transport
$ol-$ol dotted= spotted 8ody
OF
oimtir%oish
oar-
oart&ir'-
ola-
!d<
oppo
adj
v#int
v#t
v#t
=2ite
very ;hite= pure ;hite
;hitish
turn ;hite= turn pa"e
;hiten= "i!hten
;hiten= ;hite;ash

FORA !d<
op-ora % tim-ora
bl!$7@ d!r7
pitch b"ac@= co$p"ete"y b"ac@

57
oramtil
oray-
orayt&ir'-
adj
v#int
v#t
b"ac@ish
turn b"ac@= turn dar@
b"ac@en
7ul r!n" "rey@ !2E"rey@ teel "r!y &ubstances
T,J. adj dar@= rich Cco"ourG 4roperties
,+H
o#hi
adj "i!ht= pa"e Cprei' or co"ourG
"i!ht Co co"ourG
4rocesses
,J+H- v#int ade= !ro; pa"e &ubstances
F:Z:L
i"g'ish
i"ar-
i"art&ir'-
!d<
toJA Ai0i"
ip-i"il
adj
v#int
v#t
red
dar@ red
!"arin!"y red= bri!ht red
reddish
turn red= b"ush
turn red

/USH&: !d< pin7@ roe
toJA sariA oran!e 4roperties
AovoA sariA oran!e 4"ants
SAR:F
sarg'ish
sarg'ay-
sarg'ayt&ir'-
!d<
sap-sari
adj
v#int
v#t
yello=
stri@in!"y ye""o;
ye""o;ish
turn ye""o;
turn ye""o;

M9LL9 adj b"onde= "i!ht bro;n
YASH:L !d<
yam-yashil
"reen
bri!ht !reen

KODK
ko'kimtir % ko'kish
ko'kar-
ko'kartir-
!d<
ko'm-ko'k
v#int
v#int
97y; blue@ 9"r!; "reen
bri!ht b"ue= bri!ht !reen
b"uish= !reenish
turn !reen
turn !reen
/ature
havo ran! s@y b"ue /ature
M,6>M adj "i!ht b"ue CvividG
toJA @oJ@ navy b"ue 4roperties
L9/G,)> adj "i!ht b"ue= turAuoise
bin!-2! r!n" purple 4"ants
<i"!r r!n" bro=n@ liverE$oloured 8ody
Aahva ran! bro;n %ood
ti""a ran! !o"den= !i"t &ubstances
@u$ush ran! si"ver &ubstances
5-
Subt!n$e
)O88A
moddiy
n
adj
m!tter@ ubt!n$e
e"e$ent Cphysica"G
$ateria" C"DG

M9T()>9L n $ateria"CsG Cphysica" D docu$entsG :no;"ed!e
9T,M n ato$
M92),
yadroviy
n
yadro ener!iyasi
adj
nuc"eus
nuc"ear ener!y
nuc"ear

6,2,),2 n hydro!en
BGL(),2 n carbon
9L,T n nitro!en
:>&L,T9
:>&L,),2
n
n
acid
o'y!en

)E&ALL n met!l
&E):R n iron
/ODLA& n teel
OL&:N n "oldJ "olden
T>LL9 n
ti""a yu!urt-
!o"d
!i"d= cover ;ith !o"d

L9)
"arhal
"arhalla-
n
adj
v#t
!o"d
!o"den
!i"d= cover ;ith !o"d

4L9T>/9 n p"atinu$
KU)USH n ilver
):S n $opper
.9L9M n tin
8),/L9 n bron0e
.,J)GJ,&H>/ n "ead

&UZ n !lt %ood
M>/()9L n $inera"
.9L>LM9 adj $inera" 4rocesses
)B29 n R /N rudasi ore= N ore
L9/G
"angla-
n
/NIni Q bos-
v#int
rust
$a@e N rusty
rust

M,.BT n ruby= precious stone
L9HL n ruby= sapphire
,LM9& n dia$ond
10
LBM)92 n e$era"d
8,J) n cha"@
M9)M9) n $arb"e
&,4,L n earthen;are
&OSH
toshli
toshlo
n
adj
n
tone@ ro$7
stony
stony p"ace

N9)&9/G n
'arsan! tosh
bou"der= roc@
roc@

.,M9 n roc@
&U/ROF n e!rt2@ oil
"and= territory
/ature
FU)
umli
umlo
n
adj
n
!nd
sandy
sandy p"ace= sands

LOY
loyli
loyla-
n
adj
v#t
mud
c"ay Cused or bui"din!G
$uddy= unc"ear
$a@e $uddy

89L+H>.
bal#hili
n
adj
$ud
$uddy= covered ;ith $ud

CHANG
#hangi-
n
v#int
dut
!et dusty

T,JL-
to'"on n
turn to dust
dust

#hang-to'"on dusty
GJB8,)
g'uborli
g'uborsi"
beg'ubor
n
adj
adj
adj
dust
dusty= dar@
c"ean= pure
c"ean= pure C"DG

:B:B/
kukunla-
n
v#t
po;der
!rind to po;der

4,),&H,: n po;der

SH:SHA n "l!
bott"e ,bjects
8>LLB) n crysta"
N)B&T9L n crysta"
+H>//> n china
4L9&TM9&&9 n p"astic
)(L>/9 n rubber
YEL:) n "lue@ "um
SOIUN n o!p ,bjects

SUI n =!ter
11
suyu
sug'or-
/NIni suv bos-
suv osti
oAar suv
/N suvi
adj
v#t
N be "ooded
under;ater= sub$arine
runnin! ;ater
NCSruitG juice
"iAuid= thin= ;atery
;ater= irri!ate
4"ants
4roperties
4roperties
)UZ
mu"li
mu"la-
n
adj
v#int
i$e
u"" o ice
ree0e 4roperties
M9N
ya$la-
ya$lat-
n
v#int
v#t
ice= rost
ree0e
ree0e

BUGD
buglan-
n
v#int
te!m
evaporate

HAIO
havoli
havosi"
n
adj
adj
!ir@ !tmop2ere
s@y
;eather
;ith air
;ithout air
/ature
/ature
OD& n
oJt AoJy-
oJt o"-
/NI!a oHt tush-
-ire
set a ire
catch ire
a ire brea@ in N

,L,6 n ire C"i!hten by hu$anG
GBLN9/ n ca$p ire
9L9/G9
alangalan-
n
v#int
"a$e
i!nite= catch ire

B+H.B/ n spar@
GB)>LL9- v#int crac@"e
&U&UN
TBT9-
n
v#int
mo7e
s$o@e

2B2 n s$o@e
YOFE
yoil-
yoilg'i
v#t
v#int
n
li"2t 9-ire@ l!mp;@ =it$2 on 9l!mp;
be "it
ue"

.9L9-
alan-
v#t
v#int
$a@e a ireT "ay out or a ire
catch ire

YONE
yondir-
yonilg'i
yong'in
v#int
yonib @et-
v#t
n
n
burn 9-ire;
!ive a "i!ht C"a$pG
catch ire
"i!ht CireG
ue"
ire CdestructiveG= con"a!ration

:BM-
kuydir-
v#int
v#t
burn= !et burnt Cby ire or heatG
disappear= !et "ost
burn
an!er= annoy= cause troub"e
(ntities
($otions
M9LL>GJL9C/G-
yallig'lat- %
yallig'lantir-
v#int
v#t
"are= catch a"i!ht
set on ire= set ire to

12
,J+H-
o'chir-
v#int
v#t
oHt oHchirish boH"i$i
die out= !o out Cire= "a$pG
ade= !ro; pa"e
disappear= vanish
put out@ e>tin"ui2 9-ire@ l!mp;
cause to vanish= erase
ire depart$ent
&ubstances
(ntities
(ntities
&,J/-
so'ndir-
v#int
v#t
!o out= beco$e e'tin!uished CireG
put out= e'tin!uish CireG

+H,JGJ n e$berCsG
KUL n !29e;

GAZ
ga"simon
n
adj
"! 9$ombutible;
!aseous

NE(&
neftli
n
adj
oil@ petroleum
oi"

BENZ:N n petrol@ "!oline
2>L(L n diese"
KOD):R n $o!l
OD&:N n -ire=ood
YOGDOCH n =ood@ timberJ =ooden
FOGDOZ n
Aa"in Ao!Jo0
p!per
cardboard
&ocia" Lie
:9)T,/ n cardboard
S:YOH n in7
)OY
moyli
moyla-
n
adj
v#t
edible oil@ -!t@ "re!e
nonEedible oil@ "re!e
oi"y= !reasy
oi"= !rease
%ood
YOGD
yog'li
yog'la-
n
adj
v#t
-!t@ "re!e@ oil
!reasy= oi"y
!rease= oi"
%ood

ELEK&R
elektron
n
n
ele$tri$ityJ ele$tri$
e"ectronT e"ectronic

T,: n
e"e@tr to@i
Ce"ectricG current
e"ectric current

6,LJT $eas vo"t
9M4() $eas a$pere
T,JL.>/ n Hert0ian ;aveCsG= ;ave"en!th /ature
M9G/>T n $a!net
YORUGD n
Auyosh DD oy yoru!Ji
e"e@tr yoru!Ji
!d<
li"2t@ 2ine
sun"i!ht DD $oon"i!ht
e"ectric "i!ht
li"2t@ bri"2t 4roperties
NUR n
nur soch-
9li"2t; r!y
shine

13
nurlik
nursi"
nurlan-
Auyosh nuri
adj
adj
v#int
sunshine= sun"i!ht
"u$inous= shiny
di$= dus@y
shine= be "u$inous= !"itter
M,GJ2B n "i!ht= ray
&HBJL9 n C"i!htG ray= shine
)(/TG(/ n
rent!en nur"ari
N-rays
N-rays

4,)L9-
4,)L,.
v#int
adj
shine CorthG
bri!ht= bri""iant C"DG

)96&H9/
ravshanlik
ad
n
bri!htC"yG
c"earC"yG= c"ear-cut
bri!htness
:no;"ed!e
,%T,8 n sunshine= Cp"ace in theG sun /ature
,M2>/ n $oon"i!ht /ature
M9LT
yaltira-
yaltirat-
yaltiro
n R ya"t et-
v#int
v#t
adj
shine= !"itter= spar@"e
2ine@ "litter@ p!r7le
shine= po"ish
shinin!= !"itterin!= spar@"in!

M>LT
yiltira- %
yiltilla-
yiltiro
n R yi"t et-
v#int
yi"tirash
adj
!"itter= spar@"e
!"itter= spar@"e
!"itter= spar@"e
!"itterin!= spar@"in!

+H9)9.L9- v#int spar@"e= shine
9:& n
a@s et- DD etdir-
re"ection
re"ect DD re"ect

FORONGD: n
Aoron!Ji tush-
Aoron!Ji Ai"-
!d<
d!r7ne
dar@ness a""
b"oc@ the "i!ht
d!r7@ ob$ure 4roperties
SOYA
sersoya
n
adj
2!de@ 2!do=
shady

:,JL9/:9 n shade= shado;

&OIUSH
tovushli
tovushsi"
n
tovush Ai"-
adj
adj
ound@ voi$e
$a@e noise
noisy= C;ithG sound= sonorous
noise"ess= si"ent
6ita"
B/ n sound= voice 6ita"
OIOZ
ovo"li
ovo"si"
n
ovo0CIiniG chiAar-
adj
adj
voi$e@ ound@ volume
sound= $a@e noise= CbeG a"oud
voiced= C;ithG sound
si"ent
6ita"
&92, n voice= sound= echo 6ita"
89L9/2 adj "oud CvoiceG 6ita"
4ARANGLAE
!arangli
v#int
adj
rin"@ <in"le
sonorous= voiced

13
?>)>/GL9-
!arang-!urung
v#int
jin!"e-jan!"e
rin!= jin!"e
M9/G)9-
M9/G),.
v#int
adj
rin!= rin! out
rin!in!= "oud

GJ>?>)
g'i!irla-
n
v#int
!ratin!= crea@in!
!rate= crea@

SHOIF:N n
shovAin Ai"- D so"-
noie@ $l!mour@ 2out
$a@e noise
6ita"
shovin-suron bi! noise= din
shov-shuv bi! noise= dinT conusion
aks-sado echo
1*
N!ture
&AB:A&
&AB::Y
tabiiyot
n
!d<
n
n!ture@ N!ture
nature= character
n!tur!l
natura" science
+ate!ory
:no;"ed!e
:,>/,T n the universe= cos$os
?9H,/ n the universe= the ;or"d
,L9M n ;or"d= universe
olam-!ahon the ;ho"e ;or"d= everybody
8UNYO
dunyovi
n
butun dunyoCI!aG
adj
=orld@ re!lm
a"" over the ;or"d
;or"d

%9L, n spaceT outer space Location
YUL8UZ
yuldu"li
n
adj
t!r
star-studded

FUYOSH
uyoshli
n
Auyosh chiAishi DD botishi
Auyosh nuri
adj
un
sunrise DD sunset
sunshine= sun"i!ht
sunny

KUN n
@un chiAishi DD botishi
un
d!y
sunrise DD sunset
Ti$e
,%T,8 n sunshine= Cp"ace in theG sun &ubstances
4L9/(T9 n p"anet
&9MM,)9 n p"anet
M,JL2,&H n sate""ite Transport
OY n
toH"in oy DD yan!i tu!Hi"!an oy
moon
mont2
u"" $oon DD ne; $oon
Ti$e
,M2>/ n $oon"i!ht &ubstances
H>L,L n C$oonG crescent
OS)ON n 7y@ 2e!ven
:,J: n s@y
%9L9: n s@yT ate (ntities
B%. n hori0on

YER n
yer osti
yer yu0i
yer shari
l!nd
t2e E!rt2
pl!$e 9l?-;
under!round
the surace Co the earthG
!"obe Co the earthG
Location
&hape
M(),&T> n= adj under!round
15
L9M>/ n "and= soi"
&U/ROF n e!rt2@ oil
"and= territory
&ubstances
M>/T9.9 n C!eo!raphica"G 0one
.>TJ9 n continent
&OGD
tog'li
n
to!J eta!i
to!J choJAAisi D tepasi
to!J ti0$a"ari
adj
mount!in@ 9l!r"e; 2ill
oot o a $ountain
pea@ D top o a $ountain
$ountain rid!e
$ountainous

&E/A
tepa#ha
tepalik
n
n
n
2ill
s$a"" hi""
hei!ht= hi""

92>) n hi""= $ound= oothi""s
6BL.,/ D
6BL:9/
h vo"cano
+H,J..> n pea@= top= su$$it
2,6,/ n C$ountainG pass
4()(69L n C$ountainG pass
IO8:Y n v!lley
T(:>&L>: n p"ain &hape
CHODL n deert@ =!te l!nd@ teppe
&9H), n desert
8>M,8,/ n desert
.BML>: n sandy "and &ubstances
29&HT n steppe
6,H9 n oasis
,JTL,)
,JTL,.
n
n
$eado;
$eado;T pasture= ran!e
4"ants
YAYLOI n me!do=J ummer p!ture
ODR)ON
o'rmonli
o'rmon"or
n
adj
n
-oret@ =ood
;ooded
;ooded p"ace= ;ood

29)9NTL,) n !rove= ;ood 4"ants
+H9:9L9:
#hakalak"or
n
n
under!ro;th= bush
bush

GJ,) n cave
B/GB) n cave

8ENG:Z n e!@ o$e!n
,:(9/ n ocean
:,J)%9L n !u"= bay
&ODLF:N n =!ve9;
11
to'linli
to'linlan-
to'linsimon
adj
v#int
adj
;ith ;aves
be ;ith ;aves
"i@e ;aves= ;avy
M96? n ;ave= s;e""
8ARYO n river
>)M,. n tributary
9/H,) n s$a"" riverT irri!ation cana" <or@
&,M n rivu"et
&H9L,L9 n ;atera""= cascade
KODL n l!7e@ pond
H,6BL n poo"= pond= reservoir
:,HLM9: n poo"= pond
8,T.,. n
adj
$arsh= bo!= s;a$p
$arshy= bo!!y= s;a$py
4rocesses
H96L9 n basin
OROL n
yari$ oro"
il!nd
peninsu"a

:,J)%9L n bay
.>)GJ,. n ban@= shore
&,H>L n
den!i0 sohi"i
shore= ban@
coast

8,JM
bo'yla-
n
v#t
ban@= shore
stro"" a"on! the shore= the ban@
&i0e
4L9? n beach
BULOF n
bu"oA suvi
prin"@ our$e
sprin! ;ater

+H9&HM9 n sprin!

9TM,&%()9
atmosferaviy
n
adj
at$osphere
at$ospheric

:FL:)
ilimiy
n
adj
$lim!te
c"i$atic

HAIO n
ochiA havo
yu$shoA havo
havo shari
!ir@ !tmop2ere
7y
=e!t2er
ine ;eather
$i"d ;eather
at$osphere
&ubstances
ob-havo
ob-havo $aJ"u$oti
=e!t2er
;eather report

:B/ n ;eather Co the dayG /ature
,+H>.
,+H>L-
adj
v#int
c"ear Co ;eatherG
c"ear up Co ;eatherG
4rocesses
>&&>. n heat= hot ;eather 4roperties
17
&,6B. n rost 4roperties
.>),6 n hoar rost
9M,L n "i!ht rost
sovuA tush- turn co"d 4roperties
sa"Ain tush- !et coo"= turn coo" 4roperties
SHA)OL
shamolli
n
sha$o" es-
adj
=ind
C;indG b"o;= be ;indy
;indy

M(L n ;ind
>LGJ>)>/ n co"d= penetratin! ;ind
&H98929 n bree0e
BODRON
bo'ronli
n
adj
torm@ tempet
stor$y

2,6BL n stor$= hurricane
4,J)T9/9 n stor$= ;hir";ind
T,J%,/ n typhoon= hurricane
BULU&
bulutli
bulutlan-
n
adj
v#int
$loud
c"oudy
c"oud over= beco$e overcast

TBM9/
tumanli
n
tu$an tush-
adj
$ist= o!
!et $isty= !et o!!y
$isty= o!!y

YO)GD:R
yomg'irli
n
$ayda yo$!Jir
yom"Dir yo"DE
adj
r!in
dri00"e
r!in
rainy

?9L9 n sho;er
&(L n do;npourT "ash "ood
FOR
orli
n
Kor yo"DE
adj
no=
no=
sno;y

2,JL n
doJ" yo!J-
hai"
hai"

YOGDE
yog'in
v#int
n
-!ll 9o- pre$ipit!tion;
precipitation

&H98/9M n de;
&HB2)>/G n de;
M,M9.9L2>),. n thunderstor$
+H9.M,. n
chaA$oA chaA-
"i!htnin!
"ash Co "i!htnin!G

M9&H>/ n "i!htnin!
GBM8B)L9- v#int ru$b"e Co thunderG
:9M9L9: n rainbo;
&9),8 n $ira!e
1-
(ASL n e!on Ti$e
M96&BM
mavsumiy
n
adj
season= ti$e
seasona"
Ti$e
BAHOR
bahorgi
n
adj
prin"
sprin!
Ti$e
:,J:L9M n ear"y sprin! Ti$e
YOZ
yo"gi
n
adj
ummer
su$$er
Ti$e
&9)9T,/ n hottest part o the su$$er
KUZ
ku"gi
n
adj
!utumn
autu$na"
Ti$e
F:SH
ishki
n
adj
=inter
;inter
Ti$e
.9H)9T,/ n R Aahraton Aish severe ;inter
.B)GJ,.
urg'o#hilik
adj
n
arid= dry
drou!ht
4roperties
T,&H.>/ n
suv toshAini
"ood= "oodin!= s;a$pin!
"ood
Motion
:,H+H:> n
Aor @oHch@isi
to!H @oHch@isi
ava"anche
ava"anche
"ands"ide
Motion
yer Ai$ir"ash earthAua@e Motion
L>LL>L9 n earthAua@e
)ANZARA n $enery@ l!nd$!pe@ vie=
4(ML9? n "andscape
70
Li-e !nd Hum!n
Iit!l (un$tion
YASHAE v#int
yashash
live@ live 9=2;
"ie= e'istence
Housin!
HAYO&
hayotiy
hayotiylik
n
adj
adj
n
li-e 9e>iten$e;
li-e 9lived;@ liveli2ood
a"ive
o "ie
vita"ity
&ocia"
hayot-mamot C$atter oG "ie and death
BM)
umrli
n
u$r @echir- D sur-
adj
"ie-span= "ie
"ive Can a$ount o ti$eG
o a"" oneJs "ie

:(+H>)- v#t
@un @echir-
/NIni boshdan @echir-
!o throu!h= e'perience
"ive= !et a"on!
!o throu!h N
Motion
&UR)USH n li-e 9lived;@ liveli2ood &ocia"
&:R:K
tirik#hilik
T>)>L-
tiriltir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
!live@ livin"
"ive"ihood
revive
revive
&ocia"
4ON
!onli
!onsi"
!onlan-
!onlantir-
!onivor
nim!on
n
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
n
adj
li-e@ oul@ pirit
a"ive= "ivin!= vivid= u"" o vita"ity
"ie"ess= spirit"ess
"iven up= co$e to "ie= revive
"iven up= revive
creature
;ea@= eeb"e
&pirit

G(/
genetik
n
adj
!ene
!enetic

L,T
"otdor
n
adj
@ind= !enus= race
purebred

>).
iriy
n
adj
race
racia"

?>/&
!insiy
n
er@a@ DD 'otin jinsi
adj
jinsiy aH0o"ar
jinsiy a"oAa"ar
/N bi"an jinsiy a"oAa Ai"-
jinsiy a"oAa!a @ir-
se'= !ender
species= race
$ascu"ine DD e$inine !ender
se'ua"
!enita"s
se'ua" re"ations
have se' ;ith N
have se'

/9&L
naslli
naslsi"
n
adj
adj
pedi!ree= !enea"o!y
o ine breed
steri"e
%a$i"y
71
oy D Aon @oJr- $enstruate 8ody
&UAU) n
tu'u$ Ai"-
e""
"ay e!!CsG
%ood
B)BGJ
urug'don
n
n
e!!sT sper$ato0oon
testic"e
4"ants
89+H92,/ n ;o$b= uterus
4B&HT n e$bryoT !eneration %a$i"y
HO):LA8OR
homiladorlik
!d<
n
pre"n!nt
pre!nancy

bo"a tash"a- abort 4rocesses
TBGJ-
tug'il-
tug'ma
v#t
v#int
tu"Dili2
tu!Ji"!an @unCIiG
adj
!ive birth to
be born
birt2
birthday
innate= hereditary= inborn
&ocia"
dunyo!aDo"a$!a @e"- co$e to the ;or"d /ature
bo"a @oJr- !et chi"dCrenG 4erception
8,L9L9- v#int have youn!s Co ani$a"sG 6ita"
ODSE
o'stir-
v#int
oJsish
v#t
"ro=
rise= !o up= ascend= increase
!ro;th
$a@e !ro;
increase
.uantity
B/- v#int !ro;
BLGJ9M- v#int !ro;= !ro; up
+H>.9)- v#t
oyoA chiAar-
ti" chiAar-
start to Co youn! chi"drenG
be!in to ;a"@
start to ta"@
Motion
BOLA n $2ild
youn! Co ani$a"sG
Hu$ans
YOSH
yoshlik
yoshar-
yoshart-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
youn"
youthT chi"dishness
ee" D "oo@ youn!er
$a@e "oo@ youn!er
Hu$ans
+H9L9 adj i$$ature= pre$atureT uninished= inco$p"ete
KA&&A !d< "ro=n up &i0e
boJy!a yet@an !ro;n up &i0e
M9&H/9- v#int
yashnash
"ourish= b"oo$= be in oneJs pri$e C"DG
b"oo$in!

6,M9 n
voya!a yet-
$aturity= co$in! o a!e
co$e o a!e

FAR:
arilik
ari-
!d<
n
v#int
Aarib Ao"-
old@ !"ed
o"d a!e
!ro; o"d
!re; o"d
Hu$ans
:(:&9
keksalik
adj
n
o"d= e"der"y
o"d a!e
Hu$ans
72
YOSH
yoshli
n
numA CBd! 9boDlE;
numA CB"! 7irE??toDlE
CBi numABd!
adj R nu$N Q
@atta yosh"i
!"e
be A ye!r old
"et A ye!r old 9enter??p!;
be A ye!r old
a!ed N
a!ed

:>)- /NI!a Q reach N= enter in NCSa!eG Motion
ODLE
o'ldir-
o'ldiril-
o'lim
o'lik
o'lmas
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
oJ0 oJ0Iini oJ"dir-
v#int
n
n
!d<
adj
die -rom A
7ill@ murder
co$$it suicide
!et @i""ed
de!t2
deceasedT corpse= dead body
de!d 9l?-;J li-ele@ piritle
i$$orta"

69%,T n
vaot Ai"-Det-
death= decease
die= pass a;ay

9?9L n death= ina" hour
dunyodanDo"a$dan oJt- pass a;ay /ature
M9)HBM n= adj deceased= "ate
H9L,:
halokat
ha"o@ boJ"-
ha"o@ Ai"-Det-
n
die= perish
@i""
accident= disaster= ;rec@ (ntities
&,JM- v#t s"au!hter
CH:R:E
#hirit-
#hirik
v#int
v#t
adj
rot@ de$!y@ putre-y
rot= decay= putrey
rotten= decayed= putreied

&9&>- v#int
sasib Aa"-
!et rotten= !et putrid
4erception

OCH
ochlik
o#hi-
!d<
KornBi o$2
och Aorin!a
n
v#int
2un"ry@ t!rvin"
be 2un"ry
;ith an e$pty sto$ach
2un"er
!et hun!ry

>&HT9H9
ishtahasi"
n
ishtahaIsi yoJAot-
ad
appetite
"ose oneJs appetite
;ithout appetite

T,J.
to'lik
adj
AornIi toJA
n
u""= rep"ete
have had oneJs i""
prosperous
satiety
4roperties
4ossession
T,JM-
to'yg'a"-
v#int
toHyib @et-
AornIi toJy-
toJyib ovAat ye-
toJy!uncha
toJy$as
v#t
have oneJs i""= be rep"ete C"DG
!et u""
eat oneJs i""
eat oneJs i""
oneJs i""
insatiab"e
eed ti"" rep"ete

CHANFAE v#int
$2!nK!b 7etE
"et t2irty
"et@ be t2irty

73
#hano
#hanolik
adj
chanAoAni bos-
n
thirsty
Auench oneJs thirst
thirst
T9&H/9
tashnalik
adj R /NI!a Q
n R /NI!a Q
thirsty or N
thirst or N

&B6&9-
&B6&>)9-
v#int
v#int
!et thirsty
be thirsty

+H,JLL9- v#int !et thirsty
YEE
yegi"-
yem
v#t
v#t
n
e!t
suer o= endure Cb"o;= attac@G
orce D $a@e to eat
ood Cor ani$a"sG
%ood
+ircu$st#
8,.- v#int R /NI!a Q eed N= pasture N 9ction
&:SHLAE v#t bite@ bite o-- 8ody
.,4- v#t bite
:(M>)- v#t !na;
GJ9?>- v#t !na;
+H9M/9- v#t che;= $asticate
(M-
emi"-
v#t
v#t
suc@
cause to suc@= breast-eed

&,J)- v#t suc@
MBT-
yutum
v#t
n
s;a""o;
$outhu"

H,J4L9-
ho'plam
v#t
hoJp"ab-hoJp"ab ich-
n
s;a""o;T !u"p do;n= !obb"e up
ta@e "itt"e sips
!u"p= sip

.BLTBM n sip= !u"p %ood
:CHE
i#hir-
i#himli
v#t
v#t
adj
drin7@ in"et
$a@e drin@
drin@ab"e
%ood
&BGJ,)- v#t ;ater= irri!ate
!ive ;ater to
4roperties
&U/URE
tupla-
tupuk
v#int
v#int
n
pit
spit
spit= spitt"e

&,JL9:C9MG n sa"iva
H9LM n
ha0$ Ai"-
di!estion
di!est

S:YE
siydik
v#int
n
urin!te@ mi$ur!te
urine

8,J. n e'cre$ent= $anure
29M n
da$ chiAar-
breath= rest= brea@
breathe
6ita"
NA(AS n
naas o"-
naas chiAar-
bre!t2
breathe in= ta@e a breathe
breathe

73
OIOZ n
ovo0CIiniG chiAar-
voi$e@ ound@ volume
sound= $a@e noise= CbeG a"oud
&ubstances
&92, n voice= sound= echo &ubstances
T,6B&H n
tovush chiAar-
sound= voice
enunciate= CbeG a"oud
&ubstances
B/ n sound= voice &ubstances
89L9/2 adj "oud CvoiceG &i0e
.>+H.>)-
i#hiri
v#int
n
shout= ca""
cro;
shout= ca""

+H>/.>)-
#hiniri
v#int
n
ho;"= ye""= screa$
shrie@

BAF:RE
bairo
bairi
v#int
adj
n
2out 9loudly;@ yell@ $re!m
noisy= ye""in!
shout= ye""= roar

,J:>)- v#int cry "oud"yT ho;" ($otions
%9)M,2 n shout= ;ai"in!
B6L9- v#int ho;"= ;ai"
HB)- v#int bar@= ho;"
HB&HT9: n
hushta@ cha"-
;hist"e
;hist"e

SHOIF:N
shovinli
shovinla-
n
shovAin Ai"- D so"-
n
v#int
noie@ $l!mour@ 2out
$a@e noise
noisy= uproarious
be noisy= be in an uproar

shovin-suron hubbub= uproar
&9M)9- v#int sin! Co birdsG
MBM- v#t shut= c"ose Ceyes= $outhG
T,J:- v#t
@oJ0 yoshi D Aon toJ@-
ter toJ@-
shed
shed tears D b"ood
s;eat
4rocesses
8,JL9)- v#int !ro; pa"e
M,&H n
7oDH yo2i
tearCsG
te!r9;

Y:GDLAE v#int =eep@ $ry@ ob ($otions
T()
terla-
n
v#int
ter"ab @et-
s;eat= perspiration
=e!t@ perpire
s;eat

&,6.,T- v#int
ovKotib 7etE
!et co"d= ree0e
"et@ be $old
4roperties
&9L.>/L9&H- v#int reshen o#s CupG= reresh o#s# 4roperties
>&>-
isin-
v#int
iib 7etE
v#int
!et ;ar$
"et@ be 2ot
;ar$ o#s# CupG
4roperties
+H9.- v#t stin!= bite Co insectsG
7*
/9ML9 n stin! Co insectsG
8,JGJ-
bogi
bogi"la-
v#t
adj
v#t
cho@e= stran!"e
cau!ht in oneHs throat Cvoice= PG
cut the throat o 8ody

CHARCHAE
#har#hat-
#har#ho
v#int
$2!r$2!b 7etE
charcha!an
v#t
n
charchoAdan yiAi"-
"et tired@ =e!ry@ e>2!uted
"et@ be tired
tired= ;eary
tire= $a@e tired
tiredness= ;eariness
be deadtired

T,L>.- v#int !ro; tired
H,)>-
horiganlik
hordi
horg'in
v#int
hori!an
n
n
hordiA chiAar-
!d<
!et tired= ;eary= e'hausted
tired= ;eary
;eariness= tiredness
ati!ue
rest
tired@ =e!ry 9!ppe!r!n$e;

(&/9- v#int ya;n
8A) n
d!m olE
da$ o"ish
/NI!a da$ ber-
bre!t2@ ret@ bre!7
t!7e ! bre!t2@ 2!ve ! ret
ho"iday= vacation= "eave
!ive N a rest
Leasure
,),M n
oro$ o"-
peace= Auietness
rest
have a rest
+haracter
),H9T
istirohat
n
n
istirohat Ai"-
co$ort= peace= rest
rest= ho"iday
rest
($otions
Leasure
%9),GJ9T n
aro!Jat Ai"-
rest= re"a'ation= peace= Auietness
rest= re"a'

T>/>M
tinimsi"
n
adv
rest= re"a'ation= Auietness
;ithout respite= continuous"y= incessant"y
(vents
&ANA((US n bre!7@ interv!l
UYFU
uyusi"
uyusi"lik
uyusira-
n
uyKuBi 7elE
uyAu!a @et-
uyAuIsi Aoch-DoJt-
ad
n
v#int
leep@ leepine
"et leepy
!o to s"eep= a"" as"eep
can not s"eep
;ithout s"eep
inso$nia
ee" s"eepy

UALAE
u$lat-
v#int
u'"ab Ao"-
u'"a$as"i@
v#t
leep@ "o to bed
a"" as"eep
;a@eu"ness
send to s"eep

oJrnIi!a yot- DD yotAi0- !o DD put to bed
NB))9: n
'urra@ ot- D tort-
snore= snorin!
snore

UYGDONE v#int
uy!Jonish
=!7e up
a;a@enin! C"DG

75
UYGDO&E
BMGJ,.
uyg'olik
v#t
uy!Hotib AoHy-
adj
n
=!7e 9up;
;a@e up
a;a@e= a"ert
;a@eu"ness
8(2,)
bedorlik
n
bedor boJ"-
n
;a@eu"ness
be a;a@e= step up
;a@eu"ness

71
Body
9/9T,M>M9 n anato$y
T9/ n body
BA8AN n body
physiAue= physica"

?>&M,/>M adj physica" 4roperties
CAoraG @uch physica" stren!th %orces
9L9M9T
a"amatlik
adj
n
vi!orous= sturdy
vi!our= sturdiness

+H9M>) adj $uscu"ar= ;ith stayin! po;er
L989)29&T n stron!= stout
49HL96,/ D
4,L,6,/
n stron! $an= ;rest"er Leasure
G9629
gavdali
n
inson !avdasi
adj
i!ure= stature
the hu$an body
ta""= stout

?B&&9
!ussali
n
adj
stature
stout= "ar!eT -bodied

BODY
boydor % boy#han
boyli
n
NABnin" CBi b!l!nd?uHun ?? p!t
adj
adj
ba"and DD past boHy"i
si0e= "en!th= hei!ht
t!ll ?? 2ort
ta""
ta""= ;ith a !iven si0e
ta"" DD short
&i0e
/,6+H9 adj ta""
SE):Z
semi"lik
semir-
!d<
n
v#int
-!t@ $orpulent@ tout@ obee
atness= stoutness= obesity
!et at= put on ;ei!ht

M,JGJ,/
yo'g'onlik
adj
n
thic@= stout= at= bi!
thic@ness= stoutness= atness
&i0e
,L-
o"g'in
v#int
adj
!et thin= "ose ;ei!ht
thin= s"i$= s@inny

>/G>+H:9 adj thin= s"ender &i0e
OR:F
orila-
!d<
v#int
t2in@ lim@ em!$i!ted
!et thin= "ose ;ei!ht
)9/G n co$p"e'ion 4roperties
HB?9M)9 n ce""

BOSH n
bosh suya!i
2e!d
head= chie= top= $ain
be!innin!= source
s@u""
+ate!ory
Location
:9LL9 n head
):YA n br!in@ m!rro=
brain= $ind Mind
77
bosh $iya brain
(/&9 n nape o the nec@= bac@ o the head
4(&H9/9 D
4(&H,/9
n orehead
M9/GL9M n bro;= orehead
+H9::9 n te$p"eCsG Co headG
YUZ
yu"lan-
yu"lash-
n
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#int R /N bi"an Q
-!$e
surace= ace
turn oneJs ace to N= ace N
$eet ;ith N
&hape
Motion
&ocia"
+H(H)9 n ace= appearance
89&H9)9 n appearance= ace
9%T n appearance= ace
8(T n ace= chee@s
surace= ace &hape
9?>/ n ;rin@"eCsG
M,/,. n chee@
.,&H n eyebro;s Location
+H>M>)- v#t raise Cthe eyebro;sG
KODZ n
@oJ0 Aorachi!Ji
eye
pupi"

.,6,. n eye"id
:>4)>: n eye"ashCesG
BURUN n
burun tort-
burun AoA-
noe
sni
b"o; oneJs nose

2>M,GJ n nose
$ood= hu$our ($otions
FULOF n e!r
hand"e Co potsG ,bjects
?9GJ n ja;= chin
>M9: n chin
OGD:Z n
$eas
adj
mout2
$outh= openin!= aperture
$outhu"T so$e Co ;ordsG
ora"
&hape
Meanin!
LAB n lip9;
ban@= rid!e= ed!e Location
2B2,. n "ipCsG
&:SH
tishli
tishla-
n
@ura@ QT Ao0iA QT o0iA Q
sut tish"ariT aA" tishi
adj
v#t
toot2
incisorT canineT $o"ar tooth
$i"@ teethT ;isdo$ tooth
toothed
bite= bite o 6ita"
M>L: n !u$
7-
&:L n ton"ue
"an!ua!e= ton!ue Meanin!
T9/GL9M n pa"ate
TBM&HB. n bea@
&O)OF n t2ro!t
8,JGJ:L n throatT nec@ Co a bott"eG 6ita"
:(:>)29: n throat= "aryn'
?>GJ>L2,/ n throat= !u""et
BODY:N n ne$7
G9)29/ n nec@= nape o the nec@

T9/9 n trun@= torso 4"ants
KODKRAK n $2et@ bre!t 6ita"
:,J:& n chest= breast
(M+H9: n breast
FOR:N n belly@ tom!$2
.B)&,. n sto$ach= be""y
YELKA n
ye"@a Ais-
yelkama-yelka
2oulder9;@ b!$7
shru! the shou"ders
shou"der to shou"der

.,JLT>. n underar$= ar$-pit
M,/8,&H
yonboshla-
n
v#int
side
"ie on oneJs side
Location
ORFA n b!$7@ b!$7 p!rt Location
BEL n =!it@ m!ll o- t2e b!$7
9JL, n "i$b &ociety
o'l-ayo the "i$bs
FODL n
adj
2!nd9;@ !rm9;@ =rit9;
hand

T>)&9: n e"bo;
8>L9: n ;rist= ar$= orear$
:9%T n
$eas
pa"$
handu"

H,6B+H $eas handu"
MB&HTCBMG n ist
BAR)OF n
bosh QT @oJrsat@ich QT oJrta Q
oyoA bar$o!Ji
-in"er
thu$bT ore-in!erT $idd"e in!er
toe

?>M?>L,. n the "itt"e in!er
+H9/G9L n
$eas
hand= pa;= ta"on
handu"

49/?9 n pa;T in!er
-0
+H>M2>/ $eas pinch
OYOF n -oot@ le"
"e! Co a piece o urnitureG
e'tre$ity= end= co$p"etion
,bjects
&hape
T,6,/ n hee"
T,H4>. n an@"e
8,L2>) n ca" Co "e!G
&:ZZA
ti""ala-
n
ti0 chiA-
7nee9;
be @nee"in!
@nee" Cdo;nG
Motion
&,/ n thi!h
2BM89 n buttoc@sT at tai" Co a sheepG
:(T n bac@= bac@ partT buttoc@s Location
FANO& n
Aanot AoA-
=in"9;
"ap ;in!s

.BM)B. n tai"
8U) n t!il

&ER: n
!d<
7in@ le!t2er
le!t2er
+"othin!
4,J&T n s@in= pee"= bar@ 4"ants
N,L n $o"e= birth$ar@
TB:
tukli
n
adj
CbodyG hair= "u= ;oo"
hairy

.>L n hair= horsehair
)ODYNA n -ur +"othin!
?B/ n ;oo" +"othin!
SOCH n
soch o"-
soch o"dir-
2!ir
cut hair
have a haircut

?>/G9L9: adj cur"y= ;avy
:9L adj ba"d= $an!y
SOFOL
soolli
soolsi"
n
soAo" AoJy-
soAo" o"- D Air-
soAo" o"dir-
adj
adj
be!rd
!ro; a beard
shave
!et shaved
bearded
beard"ess

)ODYLOI n
$oJy"ov AoJy-
mout!$2e
have a $oustache

/A& n -e!t2er
&:RNOF n
tirnoA o"-
9-in"er?toe; n!il9;@ $l!=9;
cut oneJs nai"s

TBM,. n hoo
-1
SHOA
sho$li
n
adj
2orn9;
horned
4"ants
MBGBL n hornCsG
+H>GJ9/,. n she""
4,J+H,. n rind= pee"T she""

SUYAK
suyakli
n
adj
bone
bony

&:(L(T n s@e"eton
BMB)T.9 n spine= vertebra" co"u$n
)USKUL
muskulli
n
adj
mu$le
$uscu"ar

49M n
adj
sine;
sine;y= strin!y

/()6 n nerve
9&98
asabiy
n
adj
nerves
nervous

FON
ona-
onli
onhor
n
Aon bosi$Ii
v#int
adj
adj
blood
b"ood pressure
b"eed
b"oody
b"oodthirsty

T,M>) n
to$irIini tepishi D urishi
vein= artery
pu"se

6(/9 n vein
YURAK n 2e!rt
coura!e= nerve +haracter
OD/KA n lun"9;
OSHFOZON n tom!$2
M(H29 n sto$ach
:CHAK n intetine@ bo=el
4:GAR n liver
BUYRAK n 7idney9;
8(L n !"and
-2
/l!nt
ODS
o'stir-
o'simlik
v#int
v#t
n
oJsi$"i@"ar!a oid
"ro=
$a@e !ro;
pl!nt
ve!eta"
6ita"
TB4 n= $eas p"ant= bush Csti"" !ro;in!G
/:SHE
pishir-
pishi
v#int
v#t
adj
n
"et ripe 9l?-;
!et coo@ed
!et $ature= e'perienced
!et sett"ed
ripen
ripe
stron!= so"id Co peop"eG
harvest season= ti$e o reapin!
%ood
:no;"ed!e
9ction
+haracter
M(T>L- v#int ripen= !ro;T co$e o a!e Hu$ans
N,M adj unripe
ra;= uncoo@ed
ra;
%ood
(cono$y
GJ,J)C9G
g'o'ra
adj
n
unripe= !reen Co ruitG
unripe ruit

.,6?>)9-
.,6?>),.
v#int
adj
ade= ;ither= ;i"t= dry up
aded= ;ithered= ;i"ted= dried up

URUGD
urug'li
n
adj
eed
reserved or so;in!

2,/
donli
n
adj
corn= !rain Co cerea"sG
!rain

GJ9LL9 n corn= !rain Cseed o cerea"sG
29/9: n stone Co a ruitG
M9GJ>L n @erne" +ate!ory
89&H9. n spi@e
:L8:Z n root9;
T,M>) n rootCsG
4,M9 n ste$= sta"@
T9/9 n trun@= bo"e 8ody
SHOA
sho$li
n
adj
br!n$2
branchy

8BT,.
butoli
butola-
n
adj
v#int
branch= ra$iication
branchy= ra$iied
ra$iy

/,629 n shoot= youn! branch
T>:9/
tikanli
n
adj
thorn= pric@"e= sp"inter
thorny= pric@"y

L>)94+H9 n sp"inter
4,J&T n s@in= pee"= bar@ 8ody
-3
po'stlo n bar@
YA/ROF n
n= $eas
n= $eas
le!-
sheet Co paperG
s"ice= round
,bjects
4rocesses
BARG n le!-
:B)T9: n bud
GJB/+H9 n bud
+H(+H9:
#he#kakla-
n
v#int
"o;er
b"osso$

GUL
gulla-
n
adj
!u" doH@oni
v#int
-lo=er@ bloom
;ith "o;ers= or "o;ers
"orist
b"osso$= "ourish C"DG

)EIA
mevali
mevala-
n
meva-#heva
adj
v#int
-ruit
a"" @inds o ruit
ruit= ;ith ruit
bear ruit

&H>/G>L n= $eas bunch
8,&H,. n spi@e= head= ear

M,J&>/ n $oss
.,JL>.,)>/ n $ushroo$ Cedib"eG
G>M,H n p"ant= herb
OD&
o't"or
o'tlo
n
n
n
"r!
$eado;
$eado;T pasture= ran!e

M9M&9 n !reenery= youn! !rass
N9&H9: n dry !rass= hay= stra;
&,M,/ n stra;= cha
2,JL9/9 n ha;thorn
A&:RGUL n roe
Ai0i" !u" red rose
+H>//>GBL n carnation
8>/9%&H9 n vio"et
L,L9 n tu"ip
M,M+H(+H9: n $ar!uerite
29&T,)GBL n daisy
:B/G98,.9) n sun"o;er
:,J:/,) n poppyT opiu$
/>LB%9) n ;ater "i"y
8ARAA& n tree
:,J+H9T n youn! tree= sap"in! Motion
8BT9 n bush= shrub= p"ant
-3
.9)9GJ9M n pine tree
.,)9.9)9GJ9M n ir tree
9)+H9 n ir tree= juniper= spruce
T,L n ;i""o;
T()9: n pop"ar
.9M>/ n birch
(M9/ n oa@
+H>/,) n p"ane tree
TBT n $u"berryT $u"berry tree
.9M>&H n reed= rush

bashaA"i oJsi$"i@"ar cerea"s
don e@in"ari cerea"s <or@
BUGD8OY n =2e!t
9)49 n bar"ey
9)AKKA;4ODAOR: n m!iHe@ $orn
&H,L> n rice Cin the hus@G
GURU9N;CH n ri$e 92u7ed;
L>GJ>) n "a'T "inseed
GJ,JL9 n cotton Cp"antG
+H>G>T n cotton seed
/AA&A n $otton
oK oltin $otton <or@
:B/?BT n sesa$e

:,J:
ko'kat&lar'
n
n
!reens= ve!etab"es
!reens= !reenery
!rass
/ature
&98L9
sabzavot
n
n
!reens= !reen ve!etab"es
ve"et!ble@ "reen

SABZ: n $!rrot
&H,LGJ,M n turnip
)(2>&:9 n radish
TB)4 n horse-radish= radish
FOIOF n
osh AovoA
pump7in 9inedible;
ho""o; !ourd CdishG
pu$p@in Cedib"eG= sAuash
,bjects
BAFLA4ON n e""Epl!nt
/O):8OR n tom!toe
BO8R:NG n $u$umber
-*
KARA) n $!bb!"e
KAR&OSHKA n pot!toe
L96L9G> n beetroot
.>L>L+H9 n beetroot 4roperties
M,&H n peas= beans= "enti"
NODAA& n pe!
M9&M>. n "enti"
8B)+H,. n !arden peas
LOI:YA n 2!ri$ot be!n
:S)ALOF n pin!$2
&(L2()(M n ce"ery
SALA& n lettu$eJ !l!d 9me!l;
4(T)B&H:9 n pars"ey
/:YOZ n onion
SAR:)SOF n "!rli$
)URCH n 9bl!$7; pepper
G9)M2,)> n CcayenneG pepper
.9L9M4>) n CredG pepper
mur#h-alampir pepper
N9/T9L n $ustard
L9MTB/ n o"ive
8(29 n c"over
L>)9 n cara;ay
&H>6>T n di""
)9MH,/ n basi"
M9L4>L n $int

FOIUN n melon
N9M9: n s$a"" or unripe $e"on
H9/29L9: n s$a""= ear"y ripenin! $e"on
&ARIUZ n =!terEmelon
SHA(&OL: n pe!$2
ODR:K n !pri$ot
OL)A n !pple
NOK n pe!r
ANOR n pome"r!n!te
AN4:R n -i"
8(H> n Auince
?>M29 n date
-5
NB)M, n date-pa"$= date
OLAODR: n plum
OLCHA n $2erry
G>L,& n s;eet cherry
T,: n vine= !rapevine
UZU) n "r!pe
.BLB4/9M n stra;berry
TBT n $u"berryT $u"berry tree
&H,TBT n b"ac@ $u"berry
A/ELS:N n or!n"e
4,J)T9H,L n oran!e
L:)ON n lemon
BANAN n b!n!n!
YONGDOF n
oJr$on yon!Jo!Ji
yer yon!HoA
nut@ =!lnut
ha0e"nut
peanut

:9&HT9/ n chestnut
BO8O) n !lmond
4>&T9 n pistachio nut
-1
Anim!l
HAYION
hayvoniy
hayvonot
n
uy hayvoni
adj
n
hayvonot bo!Ji
!nim!l@ be!t
do$estic ani$a"
ani$a"
ani$a"
0oo

YOIIOY: !d< =ild@ not dometi$!ted
/O8A n G NA CBi 2erd@ -lo$7 o- A
G9L9 n R /N QIsi "oc@= herd o NsCS ;i"d ani$a"sG
T,H29 n R /NI"ar QIsi "oc@= s;ar$ o Ns +ate!ory
M>L.> n horse herd
M,L n catt"e= "ivestoc@
property= possessions= be"on!in!s
co$$odity= !oods= artic"es= produce
4ossession
(cono$y
.,)9M,L n ChornedG catt"e
8,&H $eas head Ccatt"eG 8ody
TBM,. $eas head Ccatt"eG

S:G:R n $o=
BUFA n bull@ o>
H,J:>L n bu""oc@= o'
8BL,. n ca"
O& n 2ore
8>M9 n $are
89MT9L n $are
ay!Jir ot sta""ion
T,MC+H9G n oa"= year"in!
.BLB/ n oa"= year"in!
N9+H>) n $u"e
ESHAK n don7ey@ !
N,JT>: n assJs oa"
FODY n 2eep
.,J+H.,) n ra$
&,6L>. n e;e
.,JL>
qo'zichoq
n
n
"a$b
l!mb

ECHK: n "o!t
T9:9 n bi""y-!oat
BL,. n @id C!oatG
-7
&UYA n
tuya oJr@achi
$!mel
hu$p Co ca$e"G

CHODCHFA n pi"
.,8,/ n ;i"d boar
:& n do"
:B+HB: n puppy= do!
)USHUK n $!t
FUYON n r!bbit@ 2!re
T,6B&H.,/ n hare
,LM9N,/ n sAuirre"
S:CHFON n moue
:9L9MB&H n rat
:,J)&>+H.,/ n $o"e
T>4)9T>:9/ n hed!eho!
SHER n lion
9)&L,/ n "ion
YODLBARS n ti"er
AY:F n be!r
BODR: n =ol-
&ULK: n -o>
8BGJB n deer
:>M>: n deer= !a0e""e
M9MMB/ n $on@ey
%>L n e"ephant

FUSH n bird
49))9/29 n bird
&OIUF n 2en@ $2i$7en
AODROZ n $o$7@ rooter
?,J?9 n chic@
ODR8AK n du$7
GJ,L n !oose
:B):9 n R Q tovuADD'oJro0 tur@ey
>/2CMGB: n tur@ey
:9:L>: n partrid!e
8(29/9 n Auai"
BURGU& n e!"le
L,+H>/ n a"con
8,M,JGJL> D n o;"
--
8,M.B&H
T,6B& n peacoc@
,..B&H n s;an
TB)/9 n crane
L9ML9: n stor@
BULBUL n ni"2tin"!le
KA/&AR D
:98BT9)
n dove@ pi"eon
.9L2>)GJ,+H n s;a""o;
+HBM+HB. n sparro;
H9::9 n $a!pie
L9GJ>LGJ,/ n $a!pie
:9::B n cuc@oo
.9)GJ9 n cro;
BAL:F n -i2
:LON n n!7e
ilon-#hayon repti"es
:9LT9:(&9: n "i0ard
9FUR;BAFA n -ro"
+H,JL89.9 n toad
T,&H89.9 n turt"e= tortoise
T>M&,H n crocodi"e
9?29) n dra!on

FUR& n =orm@ "rub@ $!terpill!r
urt-umurska insects
+HB69L+H9/G n earth;or$= ;or$
HASHARO& n ine$t
ipa@ Aurti si"@;or$ +"othin!
4>LL9 n cocoon Co si"@;or$G
/ASHSHA n -ly
CH:I:N n moKuito
"y

9)> n
ari uyasi
;asp= bee
;aspJs nest

ASALAR: n 92oney;bee %ood
CHU)OL: n !nt
.BMB)&.9 n Cs$a""G ant
T()M>T n ter$it
KA/ALAK n butter-ly
100
+H>G>)T:9 n "ocust= !rasshopper
.,H/GH>L n beet"e
&B69)9: n coc@roach
T9)9:9/ n coc@roach
8B)G9 n "ea
8>T n "ouse
:9/9 n tic@
.9/29L9 n bu!
ODRG:)CHAK n pider
CHAYON n $orpion
shi""iA Aurt snai"
M>:),8 n $icrobe
89:T()>M9 n bacteria
6>)B& n virus

BM9 n nestT "airT CspiderG;eb
>/ n C$ouseG ho"eT nestT "air
101
Hum!n
K:SH:
kishilik
n
bir 7i2i
biror 7i2i
erDer@a@ @ishi
'otin @ishi
adj
nu$N Q /M
peron@ people@ -ello=
omebody@ !nybody
omebody@ !nybody 9unpe$i-ied;
$an
;o$an
hu$an
share= portion Cor so$eoneG
a M Cset up= roo$G oDor N persons

O8A)
odamiy
odam"od
odamgar#hilik
n
adj
n
n
m!n@ peron@ 2um!n bein"
hu$ane
hu$an @ind= hu$an bein!s
hu$aneness= hu$anity
8ehaviour
:NSON
insoniy
insoniyat
insonparvar
n
adj
n
n
2um!n bein"@ peron
hu$an
$an@ind= hu$anity
hu$anist &tate
8>),6 n so$ebody .uantity
4ON n people@ oul 9$ounted; 6ita"
/9%9) $eas person= peop"e
SHAAS
sha$siy
sha$san
n
adj
adv
individu!l@ peron
individua"= private
persona""y
&ociety
Manner

CHAFALOF n b!by@ in-!nt
G,J29:
go'daklik
n
!oJda@ bo"a
n
baby= inant= todd"er
baby
inancy

BOLA
bolalik
bolalar#ha
n
n
bo"a"i@ davri
ad
$2ild
youn! Co ani$a"sG
chi"dhood
chi"dhood Cti$e oG
chi"dishC"yG
%a$i"y
+haracter
,JGJ>L n
!d<
oD"Dil bol!
oJ!Ji" bo"a"i@
son
boy@ m!le 9$2ild;
boy
$an"iness
%a$i"y
:>+H:>/T,M n "itt"e boy= @id
F:Z
i"#ha
n
KiH bol!
n
"irl@ m!iden
dau!hter
"irl 9$2ild;
"itt"e !ir"
%a$i"y
,J&4>)>/
o'spirinlik
n
n
youth= teena!er
teens= ado"escent years

,J&M>)
o'smirlik
n
n
youth= ado"escent
ado"escent years

Y:G:& n youn" m!n@ youn" -ello=
102
yigitlik n youth
YOSH
yoshlik
n
yosh"ar
n
youn" peron@ youn"ter
youn! peop"e
yout2J $2ildi2ne
6ita"
yosh-yalanglar youn! peop"e

KA&&A !d< "ro=n up 6ita"
89L,GJ9T n
ba"o!Jat!a yet-
ba"o!Jat!a yet!an oda$
co$e o a!e= $ajority
co$e o a!e= attain oneJs $ajority
adu"t

M(T>L- v#int ripen= !ro;T co$e o a!e 4"ants
M(TB:
yetuklik
adj
n
$ature= or;ard
$aturity

ERKAK
erkak&#hi'lik
erkak#ha
n
adj
n
adj
m!n
$a"e
viri"ity= $an"iness
viri"e= $an"y

AYOL n
!d<
=om!n
=om!n@ -em!le

AO&:N
$otinparast
n
n
=om!n
;ie
;o$ani0er
%a$i"y
%ee"in!s
erkak-ayol $en and ;o$en
?B6,/ n youn! C$arriedG ;o$an
$otin-i" ;o$en
FAR:
arilik
ariya
n
n
n
old@ !"ed peron
o"d a!e
e"der"y person
6ita"
ari-artang o"d peop"e
:(:&9
keksalik
keksay-
n
n
v#int
@e@say!an
o"d= e"der"y $an D person
o"d a!e
!ro; o"d= !et o"d
o"d peop"e
6ita"
8,8,M n o"d $an
CHOL n old m!n
M,JM&9%>2 n o"d $an
KA)/:R n old =om!n
103
He!lt2 !nd )edi$ine
SOGD
sog'lik
sog'ay-
sog'ayt&tir'-
sog'lom
sog'lomlik
sog'lomlash-
sog'lomlashtir-
!d<
n
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
2e!lt2y
2e!lt2
recover ro$ N= !et better
cure= $a@e better
2e!lt2y@ robut@ =ell
!ood= sound
hea"th
!et hea"thier
stren!then= perect
,pinion
&9L,M9T
salomatlik
adj
n
;e""= hea"thy
hea"th= !ood shape

sog'-salomat sae and sound
&>H9T n
sihat top-
hi0i sihat
hea"th
recover
hy!iene

sihat-salomatlik hea"th
G>G>M(/9
G>G>M(/>:
n
adj
hy!iene
hy!ienic

TBL9L-
tu"at-
v#int
tu0a"ib Ao"-
v#t
recover Cro$ an i""nessG
hea"
9ction
.BTBL- v#int R /NIdan Q recover ro$ N Moda"ity
KASAL
kasallik
kasallan-
n
!d<
7!!l boDlib KolE
n
v#int
illne@ i$7ne@ die!e@ !ilment
i$7 peron@ p!tient
i$7@ ill
-!ll ill@ -!ll i$7
illne@ die!e
a"" i""= a"" sic@

B+H)9- v#int R /NI!a Q a"" i"" ;ith NCSi""nessG +ircu$st#
T,8
betob
betoblik
betoblan-
n
adj
n
v#int
hea"th= ;e""-bein!
sic@= un;e""
sic@ness= indisposition
a"" sic@

BE)OR n
adj
i$7 peron@ p!tient
sic@= i""= un;e""

N9&T9
$astalik
adj
n
i""= sic@
i""ness= sic@ness

MB.-
yuumli
yuumsi"
v#int
adj
adj
stic@= stainT be catchin!= conta!ious
conta!ious= inectious
non-conta!ious
4rocesses
(4>2(M>M9
(4>2(M>:
n
adj
epide$ic
epide$ic

9&,)9T n sy$pto$T co$p"ication
YARA
yarador
n
n
yarador boJ"-
=ound@ boil@ ul$er@ ore
;ounded
!et ;ounded

103
yarala-
yaralan-
yarador Ai"-
v#t
v#int
;ound
;ound
"et =ounded
?9),H9T
!arohatli
!arohatla-
!arohatlan-
n
jarohat @oJr-
adj
v#t
v#int
;ound
be injured= be ;ounded
;ounded
;ound
!et ;ounded

L9T n R "at ye- DD yet@a0- !et hurt DD hurt= cause hurt to
&H>:9&T
shikastla-
adj
v#t
da$a!ed= bro@en= injured= hurt
da$a!e= brea@= injure
9ction
M>)>/G
yiringli
yiringla-
n
yirin! boy"a-
adj
v#int
pus
turn septic= beco$e inected
septic= inected
turn septic= beco$e inected

GJB))9 n bu$p= bruise
+H9/2>. n scar
&H>&H n s;e""in! 4rocesses
+H>4.,/ n abscess= boi"
9M4BL9 n a$pu"e
T,&HM9 n rash
@uyish
@uyib Ao"-
burnT sunburn
burn onese"
&ubstances
otob urish
/NIni otob ur-
sunstro@e
N have sunstro@e
&ubstances
M9LL>GJL9C/G- v#int beco$e in"a$ed &ubstances
G9L9: n R !a0a@ o"- beco$e in"a$ed
OGDR:E
og'rit-
og'riq
og'risi"
v#int
NABi C
o!Jrib Ao"-
v#t
n
NA CBi
/NIida Q bor
@uch"i o!HriA
o!HriA se0-
adj
o!HriAsi0"antirish
be p!in-ul@ 2urt@ be ore@ !$2e
A9Lp!rt o- body; 2urt@ !$2e
be sic@= be i""
a"" i""
cause to be painu"
p!in@ !$2e@ orene
p!in in A9Lp!rt o- body;@ A !$2e
NCSpart o bodyG hurt= ache
sharp pain
have a pain
pain"ess
anesthesia
4erception
L>).>)9-
"irirat-
v#int
/NIi Q
v#t
be painu"= hurt= be sore= ache
cause to be painu"
4erception
29)2
dardli
n
adj
suerin!= troub"e= pain= distress
sic@ness= i""ness
painu"= distressin!
suerin!= sic@"y
4erception
AZOB n
!Hob tortE ? $2e7E
u--erin"
u--er
4erception
H>& n R his Ai"- ee" Cperception=sensation=i$pressionG 4erception
10*
oJ0Iini yo$on Q Ai"-
oJ0Iini ya'shi Q Ai"-
ee" bad
ee" ;e""
$a0aIsi yoJA D Aoch- do not ee" ;e"" %ood
tobIi yoJA D Aoch- do not ee" ;e"" Hea"th
boshIi ay"an- be di00y Motion
@oJn!"Ii ayni- ee" i"" Cvo$it= nauseaG= be nauseous ($otions
$eJdaIsi bu0i"- have an indi!estion 8ody
FUSE v#int vomit@ be i$7
>+H n
ichIi o!Jri-
ichIi @et- D oJt-
ichIi Aotib Ao"-
sto$ach= be""y CsubjectiveG
have a sto$ach-ache
have diarrhea
have constipation
Location
.98L>M9T n constipation
&B)G> n "a'ative
:S:&)A n
isit$aIsi bor D chiA-
temper!ture@ -ever
have a ever
4roperties
sovuA Aot- !et very co"d 4roperties
TBM,6 n
adj
tu$ov boJ"ib Ao"-
co"d
havin! a co"d
catch a co"d

SHA)OLLAE v#int
sha$o""ash
$!t$2 ! $old
co"d
/ature
/NI!a sovuA te!- CNG catch a co"d 4roperties
YOD&AL
yo'tal-
n
v#int
$ou"2
cou!h

9:&>)- v#int snee0e
G)>44 n "u= in"uen0a
.>L9M>. n $eas"es
:,J:M,JT9L n ;hoopin!-cou!h
L,T>L?9M n pneu$onia
>/%(:&>M9 n inection
sariA @asa""i!i hepatitis
2>%T()>M9 n diphteria
8,JGM9 n diphteria
.BTB)- v# int
Auturish
!et rabies= be $ad
rabies

8(LG9: n $a"aria
698, n cho"era
Aand @asa""i!i diabetes
)9: n cancer
&4>2 n 9>2&
>/%9):T n heart attac@
105
(ALA4 n
a"aj boJ"ib Ao"-
p!r!lyi
!et para"y0ed

:9)9NT
kara$tlik
n
@ara't Ai"-
n
nu$b
$a@e nu$b
nu$bness

.>+H>-
i#hish-
v#int
/NIi Q
v#int
Aichishish
itch
NCSpart o bodyG itch
ee" itchy
itch

9LL()G>M9 n
/NI!a CAarshiG QIsi bor
a""er!y
be a""er!ic to N

9)9.N,H)
ara$orlik
n
n
a"coho"ic
a"coho"is$
%ood

29)M,/ n stren!thT re$edy
,?>L
o!i"lik
o!i"ona
adj
/NIi oji0
n
ad
;ea@= he"p"ess= handicappedT b"ind
NCSpart o bodyG be ;ea@
;ea@ness
he"p"essC"yG= po;er"essC"yG Moda"ity
M92,)
bemador
n
$adorIi yoJA
adj
stren!th
have no stren!th
;ea@

8(H,L adj ;ea@= ;ea@ened (ntities
)(6M9T>LM n rheu$atis$
/,G>),/
nogironlik
n= adj
no!iron"ar aravachasi
n
disab"ed= handicapped CpersonG
;hee"chair
handicap
)e"ations
Transport
M9M>8 adj
$ayib boJ"-
$ayib Ai"-
cripp"ed
!et cripp"ed
cripp"e

+H,JL,.
#ho'lolan-
n
adj
v#int
cripp"e
"a$e= $ai$ed
"i$p= ;a"@ ;ith a "i$p

,.&9-
oso
osolan-
v#int
adj
v#int
"i$p
"a$e
"i$p

8B:)> adj hu$pbac@ed= hunchbac@ed 4rocesses
KODR
ko'rlik
n@ !d<
@oJr Ai"-
n
blind
b"ind
b"indness
4erception
GJ>L9M adj sAuintin!= sAuint-eyed
:9)
karlik
n= adj
@ar Ai"-
n
dea
deaen
deaness
4erception
GARANG
garanglik
!d<
n
de!-
deaness
4erception
SOFOI
soovlik
n@ !d<
n
dumb@ mute
du$bness
Meanin!
101
kar-soov dea $ute
2B2B.
dudulik
dudulan-
n
n
v#int
sta$$erer
sta$$erin!
sta$$er
Meanin!
ruhiy @asa""i@ $enta" i""ness &pirit
4:NN:
!innilik
n@ !d<
jinni boJ"-
n
m!dJ m!dm!n
!et cra0y= behave stupid"y
$adness= insanity
+haracter
T(L89
telbalik
telbalar#ha
telbalan-
adj
te"ba oda$
yari$ te"ba
n
adv
v#int
cra0y= abnor$a"= sense"ess
$ad$an
a "itt"e touched
crude and rash action= $adness
crude"y and rash"y= $ad"y
!et $ad
+haracter
Manner
2(6,/9
devonalik
devonavor
n= adj
n
adv
eeb"e= $ad= cra0yT $ad$an
eeb"eness= $adness
$ad"y

@asa" @oJr- conduct a $edica" consu"tation Hea"th
296,
davola-
davolan-
davolov#hi
bedavo
n
/NI!a davo top-
davo ber-
davo o"-
v#t
davo"ash
v#int
n
adj
cure= re$edy= $edicine
ind a re$edy= a cure or NCSi""nessG
!ive $edicine
ta@e $edicine
tre!t@ $ure@ 2e!l
treat$ent
be treated= be hea"ed
hea"er
incurab"e

davo"a$oA va tu0at$oA cure and hea"
&H>%,
shifokor
n
/NI!a shio top-
n
recovery= curin!T cure= re$edy
ind a re$edy or NCSi""nessG= cure N
hea"erT doctor

)(T&(4T n prescription
8OR:
dorivor
dorigar
n
/NI!a Aarshi Q
/N uchun Q
suyuA dori
dori Ao!Jo0i
adj
dorivor oJsi$"i@
n
medi$ine@ dru"
poison
C!unGpo;der
$edicine a!ainst NCSi""nessG
$edicine or NCSpart o bodyG
syrup
prescription
$edicina"
C$edicina"G herb
p2!rm!$it@ $2emit
+on"ict
dori-darmon a"" sorts o $edicine
o!HriA Ao"diruvchi pain@i""er= anesthetic Hea"th
tinch"antiruvchi dori sedative +haracter
uyAu dori s"eepin! pi"" 8ody
6>T9M>/ n vita$in
9&4>)>/ n aspirin
107
9/T>8>,T>: n antibiotics
ZAHAR
"aharla-
"aharlan-
zaharli
n
0ahar ich-
/NI!a 0ahar ber-
0ahar Ai"-
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
!d<
poion
ta@e poison
poison NCSpersonG
poison N= spoi" NCSoodG
poison CpersonG
!et poisoned by NCSoodG
poionou@ poioned

,GJB
og'uli
n
adj
poison= to'ic
poisonous= to'ic

T98L(T:9 n pi""
hab dori pi""
(ML9- v#t
e$"ash
inject= vaccinate= treat Ca patientG
injection= vaccination= shot

i!na ber- !ive an injection ,bjects
B:,L n
u@o" Ai"-
injection
!ive an injection

Aon Auyish transusion 4rocesses
&H4)>T& n syrin!e
)(/TG(/
rent!eno!ra$$a
n
rent!endan oHt-
n
N-rays
be N-rayed
radio!raph
&ubstances
49)H(L n
parhe0 tut-DAi"-
diet
diet

sanitariya sa"yet@a sanitary to;e"
4)(L()69T>6 n condo$
:,/T)9&(4&>M9 n contraception
,4()9T&>M9 n
operatsiya Ai"- DD Ai"dir-
operation
operate DD have an operation

8>/T n banda!e
4L,M89 n i""in!s
:,),/:9 n cro;n
)E8:&S:NA n@ !d< medi$ineJ medi$!l :no;"ed!e
T98>8
tabiblik
T>88>M
tibbiyot
n
n
adj
n
doctor Ctraditiona" $edicineG
$edica" ;or@= $edicine
$edica"
$edicine

SH:(OKOR n
tish shio@ori
2e!lerJ do$tor
dentist
Hea"th
8OK&OR n
ti2 do7tori
@oJ0 do@tori
$o" do@tori
do$tor
dentit
occu"ist
veterinarian

H9:>M n doctor :no;"ed!e
6)9+H n doctor
?9)),H n sur!eon
10-
!arrohlik n sur!ery
N>)B)G
$irurgiya
n
n
sur!eon
sur!ery

HA)SH:RA n nure
&9/>T9) n $edica" order"y
KASALAONA n 2opit!l
C4,L>G:L>/>:9 n Cpo"yGc"inic
&H>%,N,/9 n dispensary= c"inic Hea"th
$editsina yorda$i pun@ti irst-aide post 9ction
TBGJ)B.N,/9 n $aternity ho$eDc"inic 6ita"
8OR:AONA n $2emitD@ p2!rm!$y
94T(:9
apteka#hi
n
n
phar$acy
phar$acist= che$ist

te0 yorda$
te0 yorda$ $ashinasi
te0 tibbiy yorda$
irst aid
a$bu"ance
e$er!ency $edica" service
9ction
tibbiy su!Hurta $edica" insurance (cono$y
110
/er$eption !nd Co"nition
/er$eption
SEZE
se"il-
se"gi
se"gir
se"girlik
se"uv#han
se"uv#hanlik
v#t G N9"!ni;ABni C
oH0Iini ya'shi DD yo$on se0-
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
adj
n
adj
n
-eel t2!t A@ 2!ve ! -eelin" t2!t A
noti$e A@ per$eive A
ee" !ood DD bad
be e"t= noticed= perceived by N
sense Cor perceptionG
sensitive
sensitiveness
sensitive
sensitiveness
+haracter
H:S
hissi
n
9oDHBini; AA C KilE?etE
adj
-eelin" 9per$eption@ en!tion@ impreion;
-eel A
perceptua"

TBMGJB
tuyg'uli
tuyg'usi"
n
adj
adj
sense perception= sensation= ee"in!
sensitive C"DG
insensitive C"DG

his-tuyg'u ee"in!s
:(+H>/M9 n ee"in!T thou!ht= drea$ Mind
HB&H
hushsi"
hushsi"lan-
hushyor
behush
n
2u2Bid!n 7etE?7etib KolE
hushIi!a @e"-
adj
v#int
adj
adj
behush boJ"-
consciousness
loe $on$ioune@ -!int
re!ain consciousness
unconscious
"ose consciousness
vi!i"ant= ;atchu"
unconscious
"ose consciousness
Manner
o0Iidan @et- "ose consciousness Motion
,/G
ongli
onglilik
ongsi"
n
adj
n
adj
consciousness
inte""i!ence
conscious
consciousness
unconscious
Mind

KODRE
ko'rin-
ko'rsat-
ko'rga"-
v#t G N9"!ni;ABni C
@oJrib tur-
@oJrib chiA-
7oDrib KolE
v#int
@oJ0!a @oJrin-
v#t
NABni NYB"! C
/NIni /MI!a QIib ber-
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
ee A
e'a$ine= "oo@ at
see= $eet
observe= ;atch
e'a$ine
noti$e
be viible@ !ppe!r@ emer"e
be visib"e
2o=@ demontr!te
2o= A to Y@ point A out to Y
indicate N to M= point N out to M
sho; N to M
Mind
&ocia"
(ntities
FARAE v#int G NAB"! C loo7 !t A@ =!t$2 A@ "!He !t A
"oo@ ater N= ta@e care o N 9ction
111
/NI!a Aarab boA-
/NI!a Aarab tur-
"oo@ out or N
depend on N= pertain to N
have a "oo@ to N
observe N= ;atch N
Mind
(ntities
/9L9) n
/NI!a Q so"-Dtash"a-
/NI!a Q tush-
/NInin! QIi!a tush-
!"ance= "oo@
opinion= vie;
!"ance at N
notice
be noticed by N
,pinion
49M.9- v#t notice= observe
/NI!a @oJ0 tash"a-
/NIni @oJ0dan @echir-
/NI!a @oJ0 tush-
e'a$ine N= have a "oo@ on N
"oo@ throu!h N= e'a$ine N
!"ance at N
8ody
Mind
8,.- v#int R /NI!a Q "oo@ at N= ;atch N= !a0e at N
ta@e care o N= brin! up N 9ction
M,J)9L9- v#int R /NI!a Q peep at N= ;atch N= "oo@ at N
:BL9T-
ku"atuv#hi
v#t
n
observe= ;atch= survey
observer
Mind
T>:>L- v#int R /NI!a Q stare at N
@oJ0Ii oJt@ir sharp-eyed 8ody
KODR
ko'rlik
n@ !d<
@oJr Ai"-
n
blind
b"ind
b"indness
Hea"th

ESH:&E
eshitil-
eshituv#hi
v#t G N9"!ni;ABni C
v#int
n
2e!r A
liten to
be heard
"istener

&:NGLAE v#t liten to
KAR
karlik
n@ !d<
@ar Ai"-
n
de!-
deaen
deaness
Hea"th
G9)9/G
garanglik
adj
n
dea
deaness
Hea"th

H:8
hidli
hidsi"
hidla-
n
NABnin" CBi 7elE?t!r!tE
/NInin! QIi se0-
adj
adj
v#t
mell@ odourJ $ent
9A; mell 9A em!n!te !n odour;
s$e"" N Cperceive an odourG
scented= odorous
scent"ess= odour"ess
mell 9per$eive !n odour;

>&
iska-
n
/NInin! QIi @e"-
v#t
scent= s$e""
s$e"" CN e$anate an odourG
s$e""= sni at

8,JM
NB&H8,JM
n
adj
'ushboJy hid
scent= s$e""
ra!rant= aro$atic
ra!rance

9T>) n
adj
peru$e
peru$ed= scented
+"othin!
112
&9&>-
sassi
sassilik
v#int
sasib Ao"-
adj
sassiA hid
n
stin@= s$e""
stin@y= evi"-s$e""in!
evi" s$e""
stin@= stench
6ita"

OGDR:E
og'rit-
og'riq
og'risi"
v#int
NABi C
v#t
n
NA CBi
/NIida Q bor
adj
be p!in-ul@ 2urt@ be ore@ !$2e
A9Lp!rt o- body; 2urt@ !$2e
cause to be painu"
p!in@ !$2e@ orene
p!in in A9Lp!rt o- body;@ A !$2e
pain"ess
Hea"th
L>).>)9-
"irirat-
v#int
/NIi Q
v#t
be painu"= hurt= be sore= ache
cause to be painu"
Hea"th
29)2
dardli
hamdard
n
adj
adj R /NI!a Q
suerin!= troub"e= pain= distress
painu"= distressin!
sy$pathetic to;ards N
Hea"th
AZOB
a"obla-
a"oblan-
n
!Hob tortE ? $2e7E
/NI!a Q ber-
v#t
v#int
u--erin"
u--er
torture N
cause suerin!= tor$ent
suer ro$ tor$ent
Hea"th
B.B89T n
uAubat ichida D ostida
suerin!= hardship
in suerin!= in hardships

a"ob-uubat
a"ob-uubat tort- % #hek-
a"ob-uubatli
suerin!s= hardships= distress
suer
$a@in! suer= hard= distressu"

9L>M9T n
a0iyat che@-
suerin!= hardship= tor$ent
suer

.>M/9-
iynal-
iyno
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
n
harass= torture= tor$ent
suer torture= tor$ent o N
harass$ent= torture= tor$ent
+ircu$st#
?9%,
!afoli
n
jao tort-
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-D@oJrsat-
adj
torture= suerin!
suer
torture= i""-treat
toi"so$e= hard

113
)ind
,/G n consciousness
inte""i!ence
4erception
>2),:
idrokli
idroksi"
n
idro@ Ai"-
adj
adj
inte""i!ence= sense= reason
perceive
sensib"e= inte""i!ent
unreasonab"e

M>M9 n
$iyaIsi Aot-
brain= $arro;
brain= $ind
be at a "oss
8ody
T9M>L
betami"
n
adj
$ind= reason
si""y= si$p"e= stupid

L(H/
"ehnli
"ehniy
n
adj
adj
$ind= inte""ect
c"ever= bri!ht
inte""ectua"

AFL
aqlli
allilik
alsi"
alsi"lik
aliy
boal
n
aA"Ii @a$
aA"Ii adash-
aA"Ii o0-
aA"Iini yoJAotib AoJy-
!d<
n
adj
n
adj
adj
intelli"en$e@ mind
stupid= oo"ish
!et $udd"ed
!o out o oneJs $ind
"ose oneJs reason
intelli"ent@ $lever@ =ie
inte""i!ence Cin actionG= c"everness
stupid= si""y
stupidity= si""iness
inte""ectua"
inte""i!ent= ;ise

al-idrok $ind= inte""i!ence
(&L> adj inte""i!ent= ;ise
L9:,69T
"akovatli
n
adj
inte""i!ence= ;isdo$
inte""i!ent= ;ise

2,/,
donolik
2,/>&HM9/2
donishmandlik
adj
n
n
n
;ise= "earned= sa!acious
;isdo$= "earnin!= sa!acity
;ise $an
;isdo$= "earnin!

H>:M9T
hikmatli
behikmat
n
adj
adj
;isdo$= sapience
;ise
;ithout ;isdo$

%9HM
fahmli
befahm
fahmla-
:9LT9%9HM
kaltafahmlik
n
ah$ Ai"-
adj
adj
v#t
adj
n
sharpness= sensib"eness
consideration= re"ection
conceiveT consider
sharp= sensib"e= Auic@-;itted
si""y= si$p"e= stupid
understand= !rasp
stupid= "i$ited
stupidity

B.B6
uuvli
n
adj
understandin!= abi"ity
ta"ented= inte""i!ent
Mind
%9),&9T
farosatli
n
adj
in!enuity= shre;dness= penetration
;ise= shre;d

113
,JT:>) adj @een= c"ever= s$art= a"ert 4roperties
L>M)9:
"iyraklik
adj
n
shre;d= ;itty= astute
shre;dness= astuteness

MBGJ,M8>)
mug'ombirlik
adj
n
$u!Jo$bir"i@ Ai"-
s"y= cunnin!
s"iness= cunnin!
use cunnin! Manner
H>ML9G9) adj s"y= cunnin! Manner
(4+H>L
ep#hillik
adj
n
c"ever= s$art= in!enious
c"everness= s$artness= in!enuity

98?>)
ab!irlik
adj
n
s@i"u"= de'terous= det
s@i""= de'terity= detness

+H9..,/
#haonlik
adj
n
Auic@= s@i"u"= ni$b"e
Auic@ness= ni$b"eness
(vents
T(L:,)
te"korlik
adj
n
Auic@= det
Auic@ness= detness
(vents
&()H9)9:9T adj Auic@= det= s$art Motion
29H, n !enious
G(/>9L
geniy
adj
n
o !enious
!enious

AH)OF
ahmolik
ahmoona
!d<
n
adj
tupid@ -ooli2
stupidity= oo"ishness
stupid= oo"ish Caction= ;ordsG

T(/T9:
tentaklik
adj
n
si""y= stupid= oo"ish
si""iness= stupidness= oo"ishness

98L9H
ablahlar#ha
adj
n
adv
oo"ish= stupid
scoundre"= bastard
oo"ish"y= stupid"y
8ehaviour
8(HB29 ad oo"ishC"yG Meanin!
.,J4,L
o'pollik
adj
n
coarse= c"u$sy
coarseness= c"u$siness
+haracter

ES
esdalik
esla-
eslat-
eslatma
n
eBid! tutE ? !Kl!E
es!a o"ib AoJy-
eBi"! olE
esIida bor DD yoJA
esIi!a tush- D @e"CdiG-
eBid!n $2iK9!r;E
esdan chiAarib 6N
esIi @et-
n
v#t
es"ab Ao"-
v#t
es"atib ot-
n
memory
mind
7eep in mind@ be!r in mind
$e$ori0e
remind 9!bout;
re$e$ber DD do not re$e$ber
re$e$ber= co$e to $ind
-or"et
or!et to N
"ose oneJs head
@eepsa@e= $e$ento
remember@ re$!ll@ be!r in mind
$e$ori0e
re$ind
$ention
notes= record

M,2 n
yodIida tut- D saA"a-
yod o"- D Ai"-
$e$ory
@eep in $ind= bear in $ind
"earn by heart :no;"ed!e
11*
yodgor&lik'
yodla-
yodaki
yod bi"-
yodIi!a tush- D @e"-
yodIidan chiACarG-
n
v#t
yod"ab o"-
adv
@no; by heart
or!et
@eepsa@e= souvenir
$e$ori0e
"earn by heart
by heart
:no;"ed!e
L>:) n
/NIda Q Ai"-
re$e$brance= reco""ection
re$e$ber CaboutG N

AO&:RA n
/NInin! QIsi uchun
'otiraIsida
'otiraIsi tut- D saA"a-
'otiraIsi!a @e"-
'otiraIsidan chiACarG-
memory 9! ! $!p!$ity;
in $e$ory o N
re$e$ber
$e$ori0e
or!et

na0arda tut- @eep in $ind= ta@e into account 4erception
@oJ0da tut- @eep in $indT anticipate
consider the interest o
8ody
.9M2 n R Aayd Ai"-Det- note do;n= re!ister
:,/&4(:T n notes= abstract
yo0ib AoJy- ;rite do;n= note do;n Meanin!
UNU&E
unutil-
unutuv#han
unutuv#hanlik
v#t
v#int
unuti"$as
adj
n
-or"et
be or!otten
unor!ettab"e
absent-$inded= inattentive
absent-$indedness= inattention
Manner

:(+H>/M9 n ee"in!T thou!ht= drea$ 4erception
&USH n
tu2 7oDrE
tushIi!a @ir-
dre!m
dre!m
drea$ about N

8,&>/.>)9- v#int
bosinAirash
rave= have ni!ht$ares
ni!ht$are

AAYOL
$ayoliy
$ayolkash
$ayol#han
$ayolparast
n
shirin 'ayo"
'o$ 'ayo"
'ayo"Iida
'ayo"Ii!a @e"tir-
'ayo" sur- D Ai"-
adj
n
adj
n
t2ou"2t@ vie=
im!"in!tion
$e$ory
ond drea$= antasy
i""usion= id"e ancy= ;i"d drea$
in $y thou!hts
i$a!ine= re$e$ber
i$a!ine= drea$
i$a!inary= utopic
drea$er
drea$y= thou!htu"
drea$er

T9&966B) n
/NIni tasavvur et- D Ai"-
i$a!ination
i$a!ine= have an idea about N

,JM
o'yla-
n
v#t
oJy"ab top-
oJy"ab @oJr- DD AoJy-
thou!ht= thin@in!
t2in7 o-@ $onider@ 2!ve in mind
!uess= ind out
thin@ about DD thin@ over

115
o'ylan-
o'ylash-
o'y#han
v#int
v#int
adj
$editate
consider to!ether
pensive= thou!htu"
(:KR
fikrla-
fikrlash-
n
NA 2!Kid! C
i@r Ai"-
/N ustida Q yurit-
v#int
v#int
t2ou"2t@ ide!
opinion@ vie= !bout A
thin@
thin@ deep"y= re"ect on N
thin@= re"ect
e'chan!e points o vie;
,pinion
T9%9::B) n thou!ht= re"ection
TB&HB/+H9 n notion= concept Mind
/9L9)>M
nazariya
na"ariya#hi
adj
n
n
theoretica"
t2eory
theorician
4erception
9M9L>M
amaliyot
adj
n
practica"
practice
9ction
M96HBM adj abstract
:,/:)(T ad concreteC"yG
&B8M(:T>6 adj subjective
,8M(:T>6 adj objective
M9/T>.
mantiiy
n
adj
"o!ic
"o!ica"

L,G>:
logika
adj
n
"o!ica"
"o!ic

9&,& n
/NI!a Q
basis= oundation= !round
reason or N= basis or N
+ate!ory
+H9M9
#hamala-
n
cha$aIsida
v#t
esti$ation= rec@onin!= opinion
in NJs rec@onin!= in Ns opinion
esti$ate= !uess

TB&M,L
tusmolla-
n
v#int
tus$o""ab 6N
!uess= supposition
!uess= suppose
do N tentative"y= at rando$

T9NM>/
ta$minla-
n
6NIishini Q Ai"-
v#t
supposition= !uess= assu$ption
suppose= assu$e that N
suppose= assu$e

%9)9L
fara"iy
fara"an
n
+N deb Q Ai"-
adj
adv
supposition= hypothesis
suppose N= $a@e an assu$ption
hypothetica"
as a supposition

G>4,T(L9 n hypothesis
>&8,T
isbotla-
n
isbot boJ"-
isbot Ai"- D et-
v#t
isbot"ab ber-
proo
!et proved
prove
prove
prove

8AL:L
dalilli
n
/NI!a Q bor
/NI!a Q @oJrsat-D @e"tir-
adj
proo-@ eviden$e
there is a proo to N
prove N
proved

111
dalilsi"
dalilla-
adj
v#t
unproved
prove
NBL,&9
$ulosala-
n
'u"osa Ai"-
'u"osa chiAar-
v#t
resu"t= conc"usion
conc"ude= su$$ari0e
dra; a conc"usion ro$
conc"ude= su$$ari0e

S:R
sirli
n
sir saA"a-
sir och-
adj
sir-siroat
e$ret@ mytery
@eep a secret
disc"ose= revea" a secret
secret= $ysterious
secrets

YASH:RE
yashirin-
yashirin
yashirin#ha
v#t
v#int
!d<
adv
2ide@ $on$e!l
hide= ta@e reu!e
e$ret
secret"y Manner
GJ,M>8,/9 adv bein! invisib"e= secret"y (ntities
M,4- v#t cover up= hide 4rocesses
M9N%>M adj c"andestine= secret
,JGJ)>/+H9 adv stea"thi"y= secret"y= covert"y ?ustice
BEK:NE
BEK:&E
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
2ide -rom A
2ide
shut= "oc@
4rocesses
:ZLAE
i"lan-
i"lanish
v#t
v#int
n
loo7 -or@ e!r$2 -or 9ep# t2 lot;
be searched or
research

F:8:RE v#t
Aidirish
loo7 -or@ ee7
research

9NT9)- v#t "oo@ or= search or
T>/T>-
tintuv
v#t
n
tintuv Ai"-
search
search
search= !o throu!h

&O/E
topil-
topildi
v#t
Aidirib D i0"ab top-
v#int
n
-ind@ di$over@ dete$t
!ain= earn= !et
thin@= consider= ind
Csearch andG ind
be ound= discovered= earned
ind
4ossession
,pinion
:9&H%
kashfiyot
n R @ash Ai"-
n
discover= invent
discovery= invention

,+H-
o#hil-
v#t
ochib yubor-
v#int
ochi"ish
open
uncover= discover= disc"ose
uncover= disc"ose
be disc"osed= co$e out
discovery
4rocesses
,&H:,)9
oshkoralik
adj
/NI!a Q
osh@ora boJ"-
osh@ora Ai"-
n
open= overt
evident= c"ear to N
be revea"ed= disc"osed= $ade pub"ic
revea"= disc"ose= $a@e pub"ic
pub"icity

117
%,&H osh boJ"-
osh Ai"-
be revea"ed= e'posed= disc"osed
revea"= e'pose= disc"ose

@oJ0dan @echir- "oo@ throu!h= e'a$ine 8ody
:,J)- v#t e'a$ine= "oo@ at 4erception
.9)9- v#int R /NI!a Q "oo@ out or N 4erception
:BL9T-
ku"atuv#hi
v#t
n
observe= ;atch= survey
observer

&EKSH:RE
tekshirish
tekshiril-
tekshiruv#hi
v#t
te@shirib @oJr-
n
te@shirish Ai"-
v#int
n
e>!mine@ tet@ $2e$7
ree!r$2@ inveti"!te
chec@= veriy
e>!min!tion@ ree!r$2@ inpe$tion
e'a$ine= chec@= investi!ate
be e'a$ined= investi!ated
inspector= tester= investi!ator

T()G9-
tergov
v#t
n
ter!ov Ai"-
Auestion= investi!ate= cross-e'a$ine
inAuiry= investi!ation
inAuire= investi!ate

&B)>&HT>)- v#t investi!ate= trace= cross-e'a$ine
S:NAE
sinal-
sinov
v#t
sinab @oJr-
v#int
sina"!an
n
sinovdan oJt@a0-
try@ e>periment@ tet
e'a$ine= test
try= test
be tried= tested= e'a$ined
re"iab"eT e'peri$ented
tria"= e'peri$ent= e'a$ination= test
test= e'peri$ent
:no;"ed!e
&A4R:BA n
/N ustida Q
tajriba Ai"-
e>perien$e
e'peri$ent= test on N
e'peri$ent= test
:no;"ed!e
SOL:SH&:RE
solishtirma
adj
$omp!re A =it2 Y
co$parative
)e"ations
+H,GJ>&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
co$pare N ;ith M
)e"ations
T9..,&L9- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
/NI"arni bir-biri!a QIb @oHr-
co$pare N ;ith M
)e"ations
.>M,&
iyosiy
iyosla-
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
adj
v#t
co$pare N ;ith M
co$parative
co$pare
)e"ations
%9).
farla-
/NIni /M bi"an Q Ai"-
/NIni bir-biridan Q Ai"-
v#t
distin!uish N ro$ M
distin!uish Ns ro$ each other
distin!uish
)e"ations
.,)>&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /M bi"an Q
/NIni Cbir-bir"ari bi"anG Q
$i' N ;ith M= conuse N ;ith M
$i' up N C;ith each otherG= conuse N
)e"ations
T9HL>L n
tah"i" Ai"-Det-
ana"ysis
ana"y0e

)ASALA n
$asa"a AoJy-
problem@ Kuetion
raise a prob"e$

M>&,L n C$athe$aticsG prob"e$ )e"ations
MB9MM,
muammoli
n
adj
eni!$aT prob"e$
eni!$atic

11-
?BM8,. n eni!$a= prob"e$
T,4>&HM,. n ridd"e :no;"ed!e
T,M,/L9M9 n side= aspect= perspective Location
HAL 2!l boDlE
2!l KilE ? etE
be olved@ ettled
olve@ ettle

M(+H-
ye#him
v#t
n
reso"ve Cprob"e$sG
so"ution
4rocesses
H9.>.9T
haiatla-
n R haAiAat Ai"-
v#t
e"ucidate= c"ear up
c"ariy= c"ear up
:no;"ed!e
,M2>/L9&H-
oydinlashtir- %
oydinlat-
v#int
v#t
!et e'p"ained= !et c"ear
$a@e c"ear= reso"ve
&ubstances
&USHUNE
tushunarli
tushunarsi"
tushuntir-
tushun#ha
tushunmov#hilik
v#t
adj
adj
v#t
n
n
undert!nd@ "r!p
easy to understand
inco$prehensib"e
e>pl!in@ e>pound@ illutr!te
concept= notion
understandin!= co$prehension
inco$prehensib"e thin!T $isunderstandin!
:no;"ed!e
9/GL9-
anglashilmov#hilik
v#t
n
understand
$isunderstandin! Meanin!
%9HML9- v#t understand= !rasp Mind
B.-
utir-
uuv
v#t
v#t
n
understand
$a@e understand= e'p"ain
understandin!= abi"ity

aA"Ii adash- !et $udd"ed Mind
+H9LGJ>-
#halg'it-
v#int
v#t
!et $udd"ed= "ose the train o thou!ht
$udd"e up

o"dindan se0- D @oJr- sense= oresee= anticipate
89&H,)9T n prediction= prophecy &pirit
120
Kno=led"e
B:LE
bilin-
bildir-
bilim
bilimli
bilimdon
bilimsi"
bilimsi"lik
bilarmon
v#t
IABi2ni bilE
IAB"!nini bilE
bi"$ay D bi"$asdan
bi"$as"i@
bi"ar-bi"$as
bi"ish
bi"ishIicha
v#int
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
bi"dir$asdan
n
adj
adj
adj
n
n
7no=@ $ompre2end
7no= 2o= to A
7no= t2!t A
un@no;in!"y
i!norance
;ithout bein! sure= hasti"y
@no;-ho;
to oneJs @no;"ed!e
revea" itse"= be @no;n
m!7e A 7no=n to Y@ in-orm Y o- A
e>pre A to Y
secret"y
7no=led"e@ edu$!tion
"earned
o !reat "earnin!
i!norant
i!norance
educated= s@i""ed
Moda"ity
Meanin!
)ADLU)
ma'lumot
ma'lumotli
ma'lumotsi"
noma'lum
!d< G NAB"! C
/NI!a Q @i +M
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
n
adj
adj
adj
7no=n to
certain C@no;n but not speciiedG
CNG @no; that M
inor$ M o N=$a@e N @no;n to M
@no;"ed!e= "earnin!= education
in-orm!tion@ ne=@ reportJ d!t!
;e""-educated= ;e""-read
;ithout $uch "earnin!
un@no;n
Meanin!
&AN:E
tanil-
tanish&lar'
notanish
tanish-
tanili
v#t
/NIdan Q
tanish!a oJ'sha-
v#int
tani"$a!an
n
adj R /NI!a Q
adj
v#int G NA bil!n C
adj R /N bi"an Q
@no;
7no=@ be !$Ku!inted =it2
reco!ni0e ro$ N
"oo@Dsound a$i"iar
be @no;nT be reco!ni0ed
un@no;n
acAuaintanceCsG
a$i"iar ;ith N
un@no;n= una$i"iar
"et !$Ku!inted =it2 A
;e""-@no;n= a$ous or N
&ocia"
)e"ations
yod Ai"- D yod"ab o"-
yodCdanG bi"- DD ayt-
"earn by heart
@no; by heart DD recite
Mind
GJ9%L9T n
!Ja"atda Ao"-
i!norance
re$ain in i!norance

?9H,L9T n i!norance
M,T adj R /NI!a Q un@no;n to N= a"ien to N
/,2,/
nodonlik
nodonlar#ha
adj
n
adv
i!norant= oo"
i!norance
out o i!norance

?,H>L
!ohillik
adj
n
i!norant= unreined
i!norance= "ac@ o reine$ent

&A4R:BA n e>perien$e
121
ta!ribali
ta!ribasi"
adj
adj
e'peri$ent= test
e'perienced
ine'perienced
Mind
sina"!an re"iab"eT e'perienced Mind
4>&H-
pishi
pishila-
v#int
adj
v#t
!et $ature= e'perienced
e'perienced= stron!
revie;= prepare
4"ants
)ASHHUR
&HBH)9T
!d<
n
-!mou@ =ellE7no=n
a$e= !"ory
9ppraisa"
,T
otoli
/NInin! QIi chiA-
n
beco$e a$ous
a$ous= ;e""-@no;n
Meanin!
no$ chiAar- beco$e a$ous Meanin!
2,/G
dongdor
n
adj
a$e= presti!e
a$ous= presti!ious
9ppraisa"
2,6)B. n a$e= !"ory 9ppraisa"
,6,L9 n a$e= C!oodG reputation 9ppraisa"
892/,M n= adj dishonourCab"eG= C;ithG bad reputation Meanin!

ALBA&&A !dv $ert!inly@ de-initely@ o- $oure
)U)K:N
mumkinlik
nomumkin
!d<
NA IYBi2i C
boJ"ishi Q
n
adj
poible
9Y; be poible -or A
C;hose e'istence isG possib"e
possibi"ity
i$possib"e
(ntities
Moda"ity
>M:,/
imkonsi"
imkoniyat
n
adj
n
possibi"ity
i$possib"e
poibilityJ opportunity
(ntities
+ircu$st#
EH&:)OL
ehtimollik
!d
n
har ehti$o"!a Aarshi
n
prob!ble9ly;@ poible9ly;
probabi"ity= possibi"ity
just in case
probabi"ity
(ntities
,JN&H9- v#int R /NI!a Q
/C!aniGNI!a Q
be "i@e N= rese$b"e N
it see$sD"oo@s as i N
)e"ations
cha$asi +N it see$s that N Mind
&H(:>LL> adv R +N Q apparent"y N= it see$sD"oo@s as i N
KERAK IAB! C prob!bly@ mi"2t@ per2!p Moda"ity
AN:F
anilik
anisi"
anila-
noani
noanilik
!d
n
adj
v#t
adj
n
$le!r9ly;@ obviou9ly;
pre$ie9ly;@ e>!$t9ly;
de-inite9ly;@ !bolute9ly;
c"arityT precision
unc"earT i$preciseT va!ue
c"ariy= c"ear up= $a@e sure
unc"ear= i$preciseT va!ue
obscurity= i$precisionT va!ueness
(ntities
M9..,L adj c"ear= obvious= distinct
MB.9))9) ad certainC"yG= deiniteC"yG= inevitab"eCyG (ntities
tur!an !ap deinite= certain
122
T9M>/
betayin
betayinlik
adj
adj
n
i'ed= deter$ined= arran!ed
unc"ear= i$precise= va!ue
untidy= $udd"e-headed
i$precision= va!uenessT untidiness

)96&H9/
ravshanlan-
ad
v#int
c"earC"yG= c"ear-cut
beco$e c"earer
&ubstances
T9J:>2
ta'kidla-
n
v#t
obviousness= evidence
state a act= $a@e c"ear= stress Meanin!
MB?M9L
mu!mallik
adj
n
indeter$inate= va!ue= indeinite
va!ueness= indeiniteness

BALK:9); !dv per2!p@ m!ybe
SHUBHA
shubhali
shubhasi"
shubhala-
shubhalan-
shubhalantir-
n
adj
adj
adv
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t R /N /MIni Q
doubt@ upi$ion
dubious= suspicious Cacts= peop"eG
beyond doubt= sure Cacts= peop"eG
sure"y= no doubt
doubt= suspect
be doubtu"= be suspicious about N
CMG have doubts about N
8ehaviour
GU)ON
gumondor
gumonsira-
dargumon
n
/NIdan /MInin! QIi bor
/NIdan !u$on Ai"-
adj R /NIdan Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
adj
upi$ion@ doubt 9!bout people;
CMG be suspicious o N
suspect N= doubt N
suspicious= dubious about N
be suspicious= be doubtu" about N
doubtu"= suspect
8ehaviour
&ODGDR:
to'g'rilik
to'g'rila-
noto'g'ri
!d<
/CishGNI!a Q @e"-
to'ppa-to'g'ri
n
v#t
!d<
strai!ht
ri"2t@ $orre$t@ true
honest= sincere= upri!ht C$an or ;ordsG
it is suitab"e to N
it is necessary to N
perect"y ri!ht= correct
correctness= truth
$orre$t@ put ri"2t
=ron"@ in$orre$t@ -!le
&hape
8ehaviour
)e"ations
Moda"ity
2B)B&T
durustla-
adj
v#t
!ood= re!u"ar= air
proper= correct= accurate
re!u"ate= tune= put ri!ht
,pinion
H9.
haqiqat
haiatan
darhaiat
haqiqiy
haoniy
hali
n
n
haAiAatdan
haAiAatdan ayt!anda
adv
adv
!d<
adj
adj R Q boJ" DD e$as
ri!ht= due= debt
truth= rea"ity
trut2@ re!lity
in truth= indeed
to te"" the truth
in truth= indeed
as a $atter o act
true@ re!l
just= appropriate
be ri!ht DD be ;ron!
?ustice
,pinion
ROS&
rostdan
rostlik
!d
rost !ap
rost$iZ rost\
rostini ayt!anda
adv
n
true9ly;@ re!l9ly;@ -!$tu!l
the truth
rea""yZ rea""y\
to te"" the truth
rea""y= indeed
truth= rea"ity= acts

)(9L adj rea"T ;or@ab"e
123
/9H,T:> adv R Q +NZ rea""y= NZ
AA&O
$atolik
$atosi"
be$ato
n
>!to KilE
adj
n
adj
adj
error@ mit!7e@ -!ult
m!7e ! mit!7e
;ron!= au"ty= a"se= erroneous
error= $ista@e= au"se
;ithout error D $ista@e= au"t"ess
;ithout error D $ista@e= au"t"ess

929&H-
adashtir-
v#int R /NIdan Q
adashib Ao"-
v#t
"ose NCS path "DGT err= be $ista@en
!et "ost
$is"ead= "ead astray

M9/GL>&H-
yanglish
yanglishsi"
v#int R /NIdan Q
!d<
adj
be $ista@en about N
in$orre$t@ =ron"@ erroneou
;ithout error= correct

YOLGDON
yolg'ondakam
yolg'on#hi
n
yol"Don "!pirE?oDHl!E
yolg'on-yashi
adj
n
lie@ -!le2ood
lie@ tell lie
pac@ o "ies= nonsense
untrue= a"se
"iar
Meanin!
8ehaviour

O8A&
O8A&LANE
odatlantir-
n
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
v#t R /CishGNI!a Q
2!bitJ $utom@ u!"e
"et ued to A@ m!7e ! 2!bit o- A
accusto$ to N= !et used to N
+ate!ory
:,J/>:-
ko'niktir-
ko'nikma
v#int R /CishGNI!a Q
v#t R /CishGNI!a Q
n
!et used to N= !et accusto$ed to N= put up
;ith N
accusto$ to N= !et used to N
habit

ODRGANE
ODRGA&E
v#t G N9i2;ABni C
N9i2;AB"! C
oJr!anish
v#t G N9i2;AB"! NY C
le!rn A@ tudy A
"et ued to A@ "ro= !$$utomed A
"earnin!= studies
te!$2 Y to A

)ASHF n G NABd!n
m!2K KilE
Ni2ABni C KilE
$ashA Ai"dir-
9A; e>er$ie@ pr!$ti$e
tr!in@ e>er$ie
pr!$tie A
train= e'ercise

&AKRORLAE
takroriy
v#t
adj
repe!t
revie;= revise C"essonsG
revision
(vents
ODF:E
o'qish
o'it-
o'itil-
o'qituvchi
o'imishli
o'imishlik
ouv
o'quvchi
v#t
n
v#t
v#int
n
adj
n
n
n
re!d@ re$ite@ $2!nt
tudy@ re!d
re!din"J tudie@ leon
teach
be tau!ht
te!$2er@ le$turer
"earned= ;e""-read
"earnin!= @no;"ed!e
study= education= trainin!
pupil
Meanin!
M9&HGJBL,T n tas@= operationT studies 9ction
T9JL>M
ta'limot
n
/NI!a Q ber-
taJ"i$ @oJr-
n
teachin!= education= !uidance
teach N= instruct N
receive education= instruction
education

123
&ARB:YA
tarbiyali
tarbiyasi"
tarbiyaviy
tarbiyala-
tarbiya#hi
n
adj
adj
n
v#t
n
upbrin"in"@ edu$!tion@ tr!inin"
brou!ht up= educated
uneducated
educationa"= trainin!
brin" up@ edu$!te@ tr!in
instructor= trainer= educator

ta'lim-tarbiya trainin!= education
4)9:T>:9 n trainin! period= trainin! course
M9,)>%
maorif#hi
M9J)>%9T
ma'rifatparvarlik
n
n
n
n
education
educationist= educator
"earnin!= scho"arshipT en"i!hten$ent
en"i!htenin!

4(29G,G
pedagogiya
pedagogik
n
n
adj
peda!o!ue
peda!o!y
peda!o!ica"

bosh"an!Jich $aJ"u$ot
oJrta $aJ"u$ot
o"iy $aJ"u$ot
pri$ary education
secondary education
hi!her education
:no;"ed!e
&USHUN&:RE
tushuntiril-
v#t
tushuntirish
v#int
e>pl!in@ e>pound@ illutr!te
e'p"anations= directions
be e'p"ained
Mind
8ARS
darslik
n
dars o"-
/NIdan Q ber-
n
leon@ $l!
have "essons
teach NCSsubjectG
testboo@

&98,.
sabodosh
n
saboA o"-
saboA ber-
n
"esson C"DG
have a "esson= "earn
teach
c"ass$ate= e""o; student

2>:T9/T n dictation
L(:&>M9 n "ecture
uy va0iasi D ishi ho$e;or@ 9ction
M9T()>9L n $ateria"CsG Cphysica" D docu$entsG &ubstances
>L,H
i"ohot
i"ohla-
n
n
/MI!a /N haAida
i0ohCotG ber-
v#t
postscript= ootnote
e'p"anation= co$$entary
e'p"ain N to M
!ive e'p"anation
e'p"ain= co$$ent= interpret

&H9)H
sharhla-
sharhlov#hi
n
sharh Ai"-
v#t
n
co$$entary= interpretation= e'p"anation
!ive a co$$entary on= e'p"ain
!ive a co$$entary on= e'p"ain
co$$entator= interpreter

(&:9)TM9 n ootnote= note= co$$ent Mind
bo"a"ar bo!Jchasi @inder!arten Housin!
)AK&AB n
$a@tab!a @ir-
m!7t!b"! borE
bosh"an!Jich $a@tab
oJrta $a@tab
o"iy $a@tab
$2ool@ element!ry $2ool
start= enter schoo"
"o to $2ool@ !ttend $2ool
e"e$entary schoo"
secondary schoo"
university

12*
maktabdosh n a"u$nus= a"u$na
:,LL(? n $idd"e schoo"= junior hi!h schoo"
L>T&(M n secondary schoo"= hi!h schoo"
T(N/>:BM n technica" co""e!e
bi"i$ yurti institution o hi!her "earnin!=
technica" co""e!e
Housin!
UN:IERS:&E& n univerity
2,)>L%B/B/ n university
%9:BLT(T n acu"ty
>/&T>TBT n institute
oJAuv yurti educationa" estab"ish$ent
"earnin! institution
Housin!
9:92(M>M9
9:92(M>:
n
n
acade$y
acade$ic

T9?)>89N,/9 n "aboratory Mind
)9&92N,/9 n observatory
,8&()69T,)>M9 n observatory
S:N(
sinf&$ona'
sinfdosh
n
n
$l! 9o$i!l@ $2ool@ tr!nport;
c"assroo$
c"ass$ate
&ociety
Transport
,J.B6N,/9 n c"assroo$ :no;"ed!e
&T>4(/2>M9 n scho"arship C$oneyG= !rant
:B)&
kursdosh
n
n
course= schoo" year
schoo"$ate= e""o; student

:)&:HON
imtihonsi"
n
@irish DD bitirish QI"ari
imti2on top2irE ? berE
/NIdan Q o"-
imti2ond!n oDtE
i$tihondan yiAi"-
adj
e>!min!tion
entrance DD !raduation e'a$inations
t!7e !n e>!min!tion
e'a$ine NCSstudentG
p! !n e>!m
ai" oneJs e'a$
;ithout e'a$ination

@ontro" ish test= assess$ent
yo0$a ish ;ritten test Meanin!
,JT- v#int R /NIdan Q pass NCSe'a$s= testsG Motion
&>/9-
sinal-
sinov
v#t
v#int
n
try= e'peri$ent= test
e'a$ine= test
be tried= tested= e'a$ined
tria"= e'peri$ent= e'a$ination= test
Mind
&UGA&E v#t inish= co$p"ete
"r!du!te -rom@ -ini2 9$2ool;
(vents
8>T>)- v#t inish= co$p"ete
!raduate= inish schoo"
(vents
T9M,M
tamomla-
t!mom KilE
v#t
end= inish
-ini2@ $ompleteJ "r!du!te
!raduate ro$= inish Cschoo"G
(vents
125
8:/LO) n diplom!@ de"ree
ODFUICH: n pupil :no;"ed!e
ODF:&UICH: n te!$2er@ le$turer :no;"ed!e
&ALABA
T,L>8
n
n
tudent 9m!inly tr!dition!l;
student

)UALL:)
muallima
n
n
te!$2er
teacher Ce$a"eG

&TB2(/T
studentka
n
n
student
student Ce$a"eG

9&4>)9/T
aspirantura
n
n
post-!raduate student
post-!raduate study

/RO(ESSOR n pro-eor
2,ML9 n proessor= teacher= $aster
MB)988>M
murabbiya
n
n
tutor
!overness

B&T,L
usto"lik
n
n R /MI!a /NIda Q Ai"-
tutor= teacher
be MJs teacher in N

&H,G>)2
shogirdlik
n
n
apprentice
apprenticeship

B&T9
ustalik
n
adj R /NI!a Q
n
ore$an= $aster ;or@er
e'pert in N= s@i""ed in N
$astery= s@i""s
Moda"ity
MBT9N9&&>&
muta$assislik
>NT>&,&
i$tisosli
i$tisoslan-
n R /N boJyicha Q
n
n
i'tisos o"-
adj
v#int R /NIda Q
e'pert= specia"ist in N
e'pertise
specia"ity
specia"i0e
specia"i0ed
specia"i0e in N

&96,2
savodli
savodsi"
savodsi"lik
savod$on
n
adj
adj
n
n
"iteracy
"iterate
i""iterate
i""iteracy
"iterate $an

+H9L9&96,2 n se$i-"iterate
MBLL9 n "earned $an= "iterate $an &pirit

(AN
fanniy
n
adj
$ien$e
scientiic

:L)
ilmli
ilmsi"
ilmparvar
ilmiy
n
adj
adj
adj
!d<
i"$iy i0"anish
i"$iy 'odi$
$ien$e@ le!rnin"
havin! !reat "earnin!
uneducated
cravin! or @no;"ed!e
$ienti-i$@ !$!demi$
scientiic research
scientiic ;or@er= research ;or@er

ilm-fan sciences
T92.>.
tadqiqot
n R tadAiA Ai"-Det-
n
research= study= investi!ate
ree!r$2@ urvey

121
tadiot#hi n researcher
T(N/>:
te$nika
T(N/,L,G>M9
adj
n
n
n
technica"
technician= $echanic
technics= techno"o!y
techniAue= art= s@i""
techno"o!y
Moda"ity
>/?(/()L>: n en!ineerin! <or@
HB/9)
hunarli
n
adj
crat= handicrat= proession= trade
s@i""= ta"ent
s@i""ed
<or@
Moda"ity
)AHORA&
mahoratli
mahoratsi"
M,H>)
mohirlik
mohirona
n
adj
adj
adj
n
adv
7ill@ m!tery@ te$2ni$!l !bility
hi!h"y s@i""ed= $aster"y
uns@i""ed
s@i"u"= $aster"y= c"ever
s@i""
s@i"u""y= $asteru""y= c"ever"y
Moda"ity
M9L9:9
malakali
n
adj
Aua"iications
Aua"iied= s@i""ed
Moda"ity
L>M,L> adj= n inte""ectua"
MBT9%9::>)
mutafakkirlik
n
n
thin@er= inte""ectua"
;isdo$= inte""ect

OL:)
olima
olimlik
n
n
n
$2ol!r@ $ientit
Ce$a"eG scho"ar= scientist
scho"arship= erudition

>LL9/B6+H> n researcher= research ;or@er Mind
2,:T,) n doctor
H9:>M n doctor
L98,)9T,)>M9 n "aboratory
2>&&()T9T&>M9 n thesis
(/&>:L,4(2>M9
(/&>:L,4(2>:
n
adj
encyc"opaedia
encyc"opaedic

.,MB& n encyc"opaedia= dictionary
&,H9 n do$ain= ie"d Location
T9)M,. n branchT net;or@ +ate!ory
%9L&9%9
faylasuf
n
n
phi"osophy
phi"osopher

T98>>M,T
T98>9T&HB/,&
tabiatshunoslik
n
n
n
natura" science
natura"ist
natura" science
/ature
M9T(M9T>:
matematika
n
adj
n
$athe$atician
$athe$atica"
m!t2em!ti$ .uantity
G(,M(T)>M9 n !eo$etry .uantity
9LG(8)9 n a"!ebra .uantity
%>L>:
fizika
n
adj
n
physicist
physica"
p2yi$

127
N>M>M9
N>M>:
n
n
adj
che$istry
che$ist
che$ica"

:>MM,
kimyoviy
kimyogar
n
adj
n
che$istry
che$ica"
che$ist

%9L9:>M,T
falakiyot#hi
n
n
CMidd"e 9!esG astrono$y
CMidd"e 9!esG astrono$
/ature
9&T),/,M
astronomiya
astronomik
n
n
adj
astrono$
astrono$y
astrono$icCa"G

G(,L,G
geologiya
geologik
n
n
adj
!eo"o!ist
!eo"o!y
!eo"o!ica"

8>,L,G
biologiya
biologik
n
n
adj
bio"o!ist
bio"o!y
bio"o!ica"

8,T9/>:
botanika
n
adj
n
botanist
botanica"
botany

hayvonatshunos
hayvonatshunoslik
n
n
0oo"o!ist
0oo"o!y
9ni$a"s
L,,L,G
"oologiya
"oologik
n
n
adj
0oo"o!ist
0oo"o!y
0oo"o!ica"

)E8:&S:NA n@ !d< medi$ineJ medi$!l Hea"th
T>88>M
tibbiyot
adj
tibbiy i"$ DD o"i$
n
$edica"
$edica" science DD scientist
$edicine
Hea"th
ijti$oiy an"ar socia" sciences &ociety
9/T),4,L,G
antropologiya
n
n
anthropo"o!ist
anthropo"o!y

4&>N,L,G
psi$ologiya
psi$ologik
n
n
adj
psycho"o!ist
psycho"o!y
psycho"o!ica"

&,T&>,L,G
sotsiologik
sotsiologiya
n
adj
n
socio"o!ist
socio"o!ic
socio"o!y

T>L&HB/,&
tilshunoslik
n
n
"in!uist
"in!uistics

&AR:A
tarixchi
tari$shunos
n
n
n
2itory
2itori!n
historian
(vents
9)N(,L,G
ar$eologik
ar$eologiya
n
adj
n
archeo"o!ist
archeo"o!ica"
archeo"o!y

?BGJ),%>M
jug'rofiya
!ug'rofiyashunos
adj
n
n
!eo!raphic
"eo"r!p2y
!eo!rapher

12-
G(,G)9%
geografiya
geografik
n
n
adj
!eo!rapher
!eo!raphy
!eo!raphic

&H9).&HB/,&
sharshunoslik
n
n
orienta"ist
orienta"is$

(:,/,M>:
ekonomika
(:,/,M>&T
adj
n
n
econo$ic
econo$ics
econo$ist
(cono$y
iAtisod ani econo$ics (cono$y
siyosiy an"ar po"itica" science &tate
130
)e!nin" 0 Spirit
Opinion
(:KR
fikrlash-
n
NA 2!Kid! ? toD"Driid! C
i@rIicha
i@r a"$ash-
v#int
t2ou"2t@ ide!
opinion@ vie= !bout A
in oneJs opinion
Mind
MBL,H9L9
muloha"ali
muloha"asi"
n
$u"oha0a Ai"-
adj
adj
consideration= co$$entCsG= discussion
opinion= consideration
consider
sensib"e= sane
unreasonab"e
Meanin!
/9L9) n
/NIni QIi!a i"$a-
na0arIida
nuAtai na0ar
!"ance= "oo@
opinion= vie;
donJt consider N ;orth onese"
in oneJs opinion
point o vie;= opinion
4erception
C@oJ0G Aarash out"oo@= point o vie;= opinion 4erception
2B/M,.9)9&H n ;or"d out"oo@ /ature
.9)9G9/29 post R /NI!a Q accordin! to N )e"ations
KODRA pot G N9i2i;AB"! C
post R /NI!a Q
post R /NIdan Q
!$$ordin" to A
in accordance ;ith N= because o N
in co$parison ;ith N
4erception
Manner
)e"ations
.9TJ>M9/ adv deinite"y Manner
u"il-kesil deiniteC"yG= cate!orica"C"yG
T,4- v#t thin@= consider= ind Mind
+N deb sana- D hisob"a-
/N hisob"an-
be considered as N
.uantity
NABni NY deb bilE ? oDyl!E
CA deb oDyl!E
$onider A to be Y@ re"!rd A ! Y
t2in7@ im!"ine@ believe A to be Y
t2in7@ im!"ine@ believe t2!t A

KU&E
kutil-
kutilmaganlik
v#t
v#int
n
e>pe$t
be e'pected
surprise
9ction
/CishGNI!a @oJ0Ii yet- see throu!h that N= e'pect N 4erception
o"dindan @oJr- oresee= anticipate 4erception
:SHONE
ishontir-
ishonarli
ishonch
ishon#hli
ishon#hsi"
v#int G N9i2;AB"! Q
ishonish
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
adj
n G NAB"! C
/NI!a QIi @o$i" boJ"-
adj
adj
believe in A
trut A
be"ie= aith
convince N o M
certain= sure
9poitive; belie-@ $on-iden$e in A
be certain o N
trust;orthy= re"iab"e
not trust;orthy= unre"iab"e
8ehaviour
131
>/,/-
inontir-
v#int R /NI!a
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
be"ieve in N
convince N o M

(JT>.,2
e'tiodli
n R /NI!a Q
/NI!a QIi bor
adj
aith in N= conviction
have aith in N= be convinced o N
aithu"= convinced
&pirit

.,J&H>L- v#int R /NI!a Q a!ree to N
+ate!ory
&ociety
KEL:SHE
kelishtir-
kelishuv
kelishuv#hilik
kelishmov#hilik
v#int
NAB"! C
v#t
n
n
n
co$e to!ether
!"ree@ re!$2 !n !"reement on A
reconci"e= $a@e reach an a!ree$ent
a!ree$ent
co$pro$ise
disa!ree$ent= discord
Motion
/NInin! !apIi!a @ir- a!ree ;ith N Meanin!
:,J/-
ko'ndir-
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t R /CishGNI!a Q
a!ree to NCSopinionG
persuade= convince o N

ROZ: !d< G NABd!n C
N9i2;AB"! C 9boDlE;
ple!ed@ !ti-ied =it2 A
!"ree to A
($otions
9uthority
)ADFUL
ma'ulla-
!d<
$aJAu" top-
/NI!a Q boJ"-
v#t
!"ree!ble@ re!on!ble@ uit!ble
p"easab"e
ind reasonab"e= suitab"e
a!ree ;ith N
a!ree ;ith= approve o
9uthority
($otions
MB/,L9)9
muno"aralash-
muno"arali
muno"arasi"
n
$uno0ara Ai"-
v#int
adj
adj
dispute= debate= controversy
discuss= debate= contend
debatab"e= Auestionab"e
debatab"e= Auestionab"e
Meanin!
>NT>L,%
i$tilofli
n
adj
diver!ence= discord
diver!ent= contentious
+on"ict
M9:2>L
yakdillik n
ya@di""i@ bi"an
unani$ous
unani$ity
unani$ous"y

bir o!Ji0dan unani$ous"y 8ody
(JT>),% n R eJtiro Ai"-Det- ac@no;"ed!e= ad$it= reco!ni0e 9uthority

F:))A&
qimmatli
immatsi"
immatlan-
n
!d<
adj
v#int
v!lue@ =ort2
v!lu!ble@ pre$iou
;orth"ess= va"ue"ess
!ain in va"ue
(cono$y
9)L>- v#int R /CishGNI!a Q
ar0i$a!an
be ;orth N
;orth"ess

.92)
adrli
adrsi"
adrla-
n
adj
adj
v#t
;orth= va"ue
honour= va"ue
;orthy= va"uab"e
;orth"ess= va"ue"ess
estee$= va"ue hi!h"y= pri0e
9ppraisa"
adr-iymat va"ue
132
89H,
bahola-
n
/NI!a C9MG Q ber-
/NIdan C9MG Q o"-
v#t
price= va"ue= ;orth
!rade= eva"uation= $ar@
eva"uate N Cas MG
!et a CMG eva"uation= receive a CMG $ar@ in N
i' the priceT eva"uate
(cono$y
YARAE
yaroli
yarosi"
v#int G NAB"! C
yara$as
adj R /NI!a
adj
be -it@ !ti-!$tory -or A@ uit A
o no use= use"ess
)e"ations
.,/>.9)L>
.,/>.9)&>L
adj
ad
satisactory
unsatisactoryC"yG
($otions
YAASH:
yaxshila-
yaxshilan-
ya$shilik
ya$shilab
!d
adj
ya'shi\
ya'shi boJ"-
6NI!ani Q boJ"-
ya'shisi
v#t
v#int
n
adv
"ood@ -ine@ =ell@ ni$e
!ood= @ind
very ;e""\= ri!ht\= !ood\
i$prove
N co$e at the ri!ht $o$ent
it ;ou"d be best
improve
improve
!ood
very ;e""= at a hi!h "eve"
8ehaviour
&,L adj e'ce""ent= !ood= e'Auisite
2B)B&T adj !ood= re!u"ar= air
proper= correct= accurate
8ehaviour
:no;"ed!e
TBLB:
tu"uklik
tu"ukla-
adj
tuppa-tu"uk
n
v#t
correct= !ood= p"easant= nice
abso"ute"y correct
correctness= p"easantness
correct

ADLO
a'lo#hi
!d<
aJ"o daraja"i D darajadaC!iG
n
e>$ellent
o hi!h "eve" in Aua"ity
very !ood e"e$ent= hi!h "ier

MBMT,L adj o hi!h standard= o hi!h Aua"ity
9?>8
A4OY:B
adj
!d<
;onderu"= $arve""ous
=onder-ul@ m!rvellou@ "re!t
char$in! ($otions
.,M>L /NIni Q Ai"- do N ad$irab"y= ;onderu""y 9ppraisa"
&,GJL,M adj !ood= sound Hea"th
&H>/9M adj co$ortab"e= p"easant= nice= e"e!ant
S:(A&
sifatli
sifatsi"
n
adj R CyuAoriG Q
adj
Ku!lity
hi!h !rade= hi!h Aua"ity
"o; !rade= poor Aua"ity
+ate!ory
:9M,LC,TG
)UKA))AL
mukammalik
mukammallashtir-
n
/NIda @a$o"!a yet-
!d<
n
v#t
perection
deve"oppe$ent= evo"ution
attain perection in N
per-e$t@ $omplete
perection
perect
(vents
9ction
+H9L9 adj i$$ature= pre$atureT uninished= inco$p"ete 6ita"
>LGJ,) adj advanced= "eadin!
outstandin!
(vents
133
US&UN
ustunlik
!d<
/NIdan Q @e"-
n
uperior
surpass N
superiority

9%L9L
af"alik
adj R /NIdan Q
n
better than N
superiority

YO)ON
yomonlash-
!d
ad
v#int
b!d9ly;@ evil
terrib"CyG= severeC"yG= or$idab"eC"yG
!et ;orse
8ehaviour
/AS& !d< "o;
poor@ b!d
&i0e
yara$as poor= $ediocre ,pinion
29)9?9L> adj R /ND9N Q up to NJs standard +ate!ory
OR&:FCH:L:K
,)T>.L>:
n
n
Ku!lity@ tron" point
.uantity
+ate!ory
KA)CH:L:K n de-!ult@ 2ort$omin" .uantity
+ate!ory
>LL9T
illatli
illatsi"
n
adj
adj
deect= har$= ;ea@ness= troub"e
au"ty= deective= ;ea@
;ithout deect

/B.&,/
nusonli
n
adj
deect
deective

,J)T9
o'rta#hilik
o'rtamiyona
n
n
adj
centre= $idd"e
$ediocrity
$ediocre= poor
.uantity
ULUGD
ulug'vor
ulug'la-
!d<
adj
v#t
"re!t@ tremendou@ -!mou
i$posin!= $ajestic
!"oriy= venerate 9ppraisa"
8BMB: adj !reat= !rand
M>)>: adj pro$inent &i0e
H9M89T
haybatli
bahaybat
n
adj
adj
$ajesty= !reatness
$ajestic= i$posin!= a;e-inspirin!
or$idab"e= ri!htnin!= earso$e
co"ossa"= hu!eT or$idab"e= ri!htnin!=
earso$e
($otions
8(.>M,& adj inco$parab"e= $atch"ess )e"ations
>?,8>M adj positive= air$ative
&9L8>M adj ne!ative
N9i2;AB"! toD"Dri 7elE it i uit!ble to A
it i ne$e!ry to A
:no;"ed!e
Moda"ity
MB/,&>8 adj R /NI!a Q CboJ"-G CbeG re"evant to N= suitab"e or N= $atchin! N )e"ations
)UIO(:F
muvofilik
!d< G NAB"! C
n
uit!ble -or A@ re!on!ble
suitabi"ity
)e"ations
L,M>. adj R /CishGNI!a Q CboJ"-G
/CishGNI!a Q @oJr-
suitab"e or N= it N
deservin! N
ind suitab"e or N
)e"ations
9ppraisa"
8,4
nobop
adj
adj
suitab"e= appropriate
unsuitab"e= inappropriate
)e"ations
133
,J)>/L>
,J)>/&>L
adj
adj
appropriate= justiied
unappropriate= arbitrary
Location
H9..,/>M
haoniyat
haoniyatsi"lik
adj
n
n
just= appropriate
justice= "e!iti$acy= appropriateness
inappropriateness
:no;"ed!e
?ustice

GODZAL
go'zallik
go'"allash-
go'"allashtir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
be!uti-ul@ pretty@ !ttr!$tive
be!uty@ prettine
!et $ore beautiu"= attractive
beautiy= $a@e $ore attractive

+H>),M
chiroyli
n
chiroyIi!a chiroy AoJshi"-
!d<
beauty
!ro; $ore attractive
be!uti-ul
2!ndome@ pretty@ "oodEloo7in"

:,J):
ko'rkam
ko'rkamlik
ko'rkamlash-
ko'rkamlashtir-
n
adj
n
v#int
v#t
beauty= char$
beautiu"= handso$e
beauty
e$be""ish
beautiy

HB&/
husndor
n
adj
beauty= char$
beautiu"= char$in!

&BLB: adj beautiu"= pretty
?,/,/ n beautiu" ;o$an= beauty ($otions
89)/,
barnolik
adj
n
pretty= co$e"y
prettiness= co$e"iness

ya'shi @oJrinish"i pretty= nice 4erception
H9&H9M9T
hashamatli
n
adj
$a!niicence= sp"endour
$a!niicent= sp"endid= su$ptuous

AUNUK
$unuklik
n
adj
u"ly
u!"iness

:,J)>M&>L adj u!"y= unattractive
89289&H9)9
badbasharalik
adj
n
u!"y= unattractive
u!"iness= unattractiveness
8ody

ASOS:Y !d< b!i$@ -und!ment!l
m!in@ prin$ip!l
+ate!ory
)UH:)
muhimlik
!d<
$uhi$ boJ"-
n
import!nt
i$port
i$portance
+ate!ory
AHA):YA&
ahamiyatli
ahamiyatsi"
n
N9i2;AB"! C berE
aha$iyati yoJA
!d<
adj
i"ni-i$!n$e@ import!n$e
!tt!$2 import!n$e to A
it does not $atter
i"ni-i$!nt@ import!nt
insi!niicant= uni$portant
+ate!ory
i@@inchi orinda!i secondary +ate!ory
4:88:Y !d<
jiddiy ahvo"
eriou@ "r!ve@ $riti$!l
serious= earnest
critica" situation
+haracter
13*
!iddiylik
!iddiylash-
n
v#int
seriousness= !ravity
!et serious
,GJ>) adj heavy= ;ei!hty
i$portant= serious= !rave
4roperties
haddan tashAari e'cessive= undue .uantity
135
)e!nin"
)ADNO
ma'noli
ma'nosi"
ma'nodosh
n
toJ!Jri DD @oJch$a $aJno
adj
adj
n= adj
me!nin"@ ene
"iterate DD i!urative $eanin!
$eanin!u"= interestin!
$eanin!"ess= o no si!niicance
synony$= synony$ous

bu ni$a de!aniZ
bu ni$a de!an !apZ
;hat does it $eanZ Meanin!
9/GL9T- v#t si!niy Mind
ioda Ai"- D et- $ean= si!niy Meanin!
M9LMB/ n content= essence= point
sense
+ate!ory
.B)B. adj
AuruA !ap D soJ0
e$pty= devoid o content
nonsense= e$pty ;ords
4roperties
telba-tersak gap
telba-teskari gap
sense"ess ;ords
rubbish
Hea"th
8(HB29 ad
behuda soJ0 D !ap"ar
use"ess= nonsensica"
oo"ishC"yG
nonsense= absurdity
9ction
:no;"ed!e
8(:,) n= ad use"essCnessG= e$ptiCnessG
nonsense
9ction
&9%&9T9
safsatabo"
n
n
t;add"e= id"e ta"@
pratt"er= !ossip

69M&9-
vaysai
v#int
n
pratt"e= ta"@ non-sense= !ru$b"e
pratt"er= !ru$py

ma"a-bema"a nonsense= rubbish ($otions
!ap sot- ta"@ nonsense (cono$y
:(O8A
ifodali
ifodasi"
ifodala-
ifodalan-
n
ioda et- D Ai"-
adj
adj
v#t
v#int
e>preion
e'press
$ean= si!niy
e'pressive
ine'pressive
e'press
e'press o#s#
Meanin!
T,JGJ)> n R /N toJ!riIsida
/N toJ!Jrisida!i
about N= re!ardin! N
about N= re!ardin! N
:no;"ed!e
HAF n G NA 2!KBid! !bout A@ $on$ernin" A ?ustice
2,>) post R /NI!a Q concernin! N= re"ated to N= about N )e"ations
B&T /NInin! QIidaDdanD!a about N Location
M96LB n subject
T(M9 n the$e= subject
&9)L96H9 n tit"e= headin!
es"atib ot- $ention Mind
BELG: n i"n@ m!r7
131
belgili
belgisi"
belgila-
be"!i AoJy-
adj
adj
v#t
$ar@
$ar@ed= si!na"i0ed
un$ar@ed= not si!na"i0ed
desi!nate= si!niy
deine= i' (ntities
/>&H,/C9G
nishonla-
n
v#t
nishon"ab AoJy-
$ar@
tar!et= objective
distinction= decoration
$ar@
$ar@ do;n
9ction
&ociety
9L,M9T n si!n= $ar@= indication= o$enT sy$bo"
)9ML
ram"iy
n
adj
sy$bo"= e$b"e$
sy$bo"ic= e$b"e$atic

&>M8,L
simbolik
n
adj
sy$bo"
sy$bo"ic

>&H,)9CTG
ishorala-
n
ishora Ai"-
v#t
si!na"T hint
$a@e a si!nT si!na"= hint
si!na"= $ar@

>M, n
i$o Ai"-
si!na"= secret si!na"T hint
$a@e a si!n= si!na"T hint

imo-ishora si!ns= si!na"s
:,J)&9T-
ko'rsatki#h
v#t
/NIni /MI!a Q
@oJrsatish
n
sho;= de$onstrate
sho; N to M= point N out to M
indication
indicator= si!npost
4erception
@oJ0 Ais- ;in@ 4rocesses
:,2 n code

GA/
gapir-
gapirish-
gaplash-
gapdon
gapdonlik
n
!ap!a usta
v#int
ba"and DD past ovo0 bi"an Q
/NIcha DD /N ti"ida Q
v#int R bir-biri bi"an Q
v#int G NA bil!n C
/NIda Q
adj
n
t!l7@ $onver!tion@ utter!n$e@ pee$2
$atter= aair Cto ta"@ aboutG
e"oAuent
t!l7@ pe!7
spea@ in a "oud DD "o; voice
spea@ N DD in NCS"an!ua!eG
ta"@ to!ether
t!l7 to"et2er@ pe!7 =it2 A
ta"@ in NCS"an!ua!eG
s$ooth ta"@er= e"oAuent
e"oAuence
(ntities
SODZ
so'"si"
so'zla-
so'zlash-
so"lashuv
so'"lan-
n
/NI!a Q ber-
soJ0!a chiA- D soJ0 o"-
adj
v#int
v#t
v#int
n= adj
v#int
=ord@ pee$2@ t!tement
=ord
;ord= pro$ise
"et N spea@
ta@e the "oor
;ithout sayin! anythin!
pe!7@ t!l7
tell@ n!rr!te
pe!7 to e!$2 ot2er@ t!l7 to"et2er
speechT spo@en
ta"@ to o#s#
Meanin!
8ehaviour
gap-so'" ;ords
137
L9%L n ;ords= speech= "an!ua!e
;ord= pro$ise 8ehaviour
8>2>)L9- v#int pratt"e= chatter= !ossip
&()G94 n pratt"er= !ossip
,GJ>L
og'"aki
$eas
adj
adj
$outhu"T so$e Co ;ordsG
ora"
ora"
8ody
8EE v#t
NYB"! CA deE
de$a@C@iG +N
!y@ mention
!y A to Y@ tell@ !7 Y to A
9A in dire$t pee$2@ ep# imper!tive;
that is to say N
9uthority
&H>6>)
shivirla-
n
v#int
;hisper
;hisper

4>+H>)L9- v#int ;hisper
GJ>)>/G n
!Jirin! de$ay
$u$b"in!= $utterin!
;ithout sayin! anythin!

>/29- v#int
inda$a-
inda$ay tur-
do not ta"@= be si"ent= be Auiet
@eep si"ent

!apdan toJ'ta- stop ta"@in! Meanin!
ovo0Iini chiAar$a- shut up 6ita"
ti"Iini Ais- shut oneJs $outh 4rocesses
&B:BT n
su@ut Ai"-Det- DD @et-
si"ence
be DD !et si"ent

?>M
!im!it
!im!itlik
ad
ji$ tur-
adj
n
@eep Auiet
(vents
+haracter
&B:B/9T
sukunatli
n
adj
si"ence= sti""ness
si"ent= sti""
(vents
&,.,6 n= adj du$b= $ute Hea"th
2B2B.
dudulik
dudulan-
n
n
v#int
sta$$erer
sta$$erin!
sta$$er
Hea"th
)96,/ ad s$oothC"yG= "uentC"yGT e"oAuent +ircu$st#

AY&E
aytganday
v#t G N9"!n;ABni NYB"! C
NYB"! CA deb !ytE
/C!anGNIni /MI!a aytib ber-
adv
tell A to Y
recite= sin!
tell Y t2!t A@ !y A to Y
te"" N to M
by the ;ay
9rt
B:L8:RE v#t G NABni NYB"! C
bi"dirish
bi"dir$asdan
m!7e Y 7no=n to A@ in-orm Y o- A
e>pre A to Y
announce$ent
secret"y
:no;"ed!e
>LH,) n
i0hor et-DAi"-
e'pression= dec"aration
e'press= dec"are

13-
AABAR
$abardor
$abarsi"
$abarla-
$abarlash-
$abar#hi
be$abar
$ush$abar
9N8,),T
n
yan!i 'abar
>!b!r KilE
'abar ber-D berib AoJy-
/NIdan Q o"-
adj
'abardor boJ"-
adj
'abarsi0 Ao"-
v#t
v#int
n
n
ne=@ in-orm!tion@ me!"e
ne;s= inor$ation
report@ m!7e 7no=J in-orm
pass on a $essa!e= inor$ o
hear o N= "earn o N
;e""-inor$ed
!et inor$ed= be ;e""-inor$ed
uninor$ed
have no ne;s o
notiy= inor$
@eep inor$ed
$essen!er= inor$er
uninor$ed
!ood ne;s
report= co$$uniAu
ne;s= inor$ation

M9JLBM
ma'lumot
ma'lumotnoma
adj R /NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
n
/NI!a Q ber-
$aJ"u$ot"ar byurosi
n
inor$ M o N= $a@e N @no;n to M
@no;"ed!e= "earnin!= education
in-orm!tion@ ne=@ reportJ d!t!
!ive inor$ation to N
inor$ation CoiceG
reerence boo@= directory
:no;"ed!e
&4)96,+H/>: n reerence boo@= directory
29)9:
bedarak
n
adv
ne;s= inor$ation
;ithout trace

/N haAida eshit- hear o N= hear about N 4erception
T9&6>)
tasviriy
tasvirla-
tasvirlan-
n
tasvir Ai"-Det-
adj
v#t
v#int
description= picture= portrait= s@etch
describe= depict= portray= s@etch
descriptive
de$ribe@ depi$t@ portr!y@ 7et$2
be described= depicted= portrayed

T9J)>%
ta'rifla-
n
taJri Ai"-
v#t
description
deinition= deter$ination
describeT deine
describeT deine

T96&>%
tavsifla-
n
v#t
Aua"ityT description
describe

.>&.9
qisqacha
adj
!d
brie= concise
brie-9ly;@ 7et$2y
&i0e
MB%9&&9L adv in detai"= u""y
:>/,M9
kinoyali
n
adj
a""e!ory= $etaphor
irony
$etaphoricT ironic
9ppraisa"
T9&2>.
tasdila-
tasdilan-
n
tasdiA Ai"-
v#t
v#int
conir$ationT approva"= ratiication
conir$T approve= ratiy= sanction
be conir$edT be approved= ratiied
9uthority
T9J:>2
ta'kidla-
n
v#t
obviousness= evidence
state a act= $a@e c"ear= stress
:no;"ed!e
>/:,) n
in7or KilE?etE
ne!ation
deny

T,/- v#int R /NIdan Q deny N= disc"ai$ N
130
EDLON n
eJ"on Ai"-
!nnoun$ement@ de$l!r!tion
advertise$ent
announce= dec"are
<or@
2>:T,) n announcer
o"dindan ayt- predict= orete"" (vents
NU&F
noti
n
nutA soJ0"a-
n
pee$2@ !ddre
$a@e a speech= de"iver an address
orator= spea@er

2,:L92
doklad#hi
n
do@"ad Ai"-
n
report= "ecture= address
!ive a "ecture
spea@er= "ecturer

M9J)BL9 n "ecture= report
H>&,8,T n account= report .uantity
@irish DD soJn! soJ0 preace DD conc"usion Meanin!
soJ0 boshi preace= ore;ord Meanin!
boya!i aore$entioned Ti$e
Auyida!i o""o;in! Location
tubanda o""o;in!= under-$entioned Location
SUHBA&
suhbatlash-
suhbatdosh
hamsuhbat
n
/N bi"an Q Ai"-
suhbat oJt@a0-
v#int
n
n
$onver!tion@ pee$2
converse= ta"@ ;ith N
have a discussion= ta"@
converse= ta"@= have a discussion
spea@er= inter"ocutor
spea@er= inter"ocutor

GB)B/G
gurunglash-
n
!urun! Ai"-
v#int
"ive"y conversation
carry on a "ive"y conversation
have a riend"y discussion= chat

H9/G9M9
hangamalash-
n
v#int
"i!hthearted ta"@= conversation
carry on a "i!hthearted ta"@

/NIni !ap!a so"- cause N to converse Meanin!
)UZOKARA
mu"okaralash-
n
$u0o@ara Ai"-
v#int
di$uion@ deb!te@ ne"oti!tion
discuss= debate
discuss= debate
+on"ict
MBH,:9M9 n
$uho@a$a Ai"-
discussion= debate
discuss= debate

89H&
bahslash-
n
/N ustida Q et-
v#int R /N ustida Q
discussion= dispute= debate
ar!u$ent
discuss N= dispute= debate= ar!ue about N
discuss N= dispute= debate= ar!ue about N

MB/,L9)9 n
$uno0ara Ai"-
dispute= debate= controversy
,pinion
T,)T>&H-
tortishuv
v#int
n
dispute= debate
+on"ict
MBL,H9L9 n consideration= co$$entCsG= discussion
opinion= consideration ,pinion
89M,/ n
bayon Ai"-
e'p"anation= ar!u$entation
e'p"ain= ar!ue

131
bayonot
bayonnoma
n
n
dec"aration
$e$oria"= petition
9&,&L9-
asoslan-
v#t
v#int
ar!ueT ound= base
base o#s# on
+ate!ory
!ap Aaytar- ans;er bac@= rep"y deiant"y Motion
!apni @es-
!apIini boH"-
interrupt
interrupt N
4rocesses
+ate!ory
(JT>),L
e'tiro"si"
n
/N Aarshi Q Ai"-Dbi"dir-
adj
protest= objection
object= protest a!ainst N
;ithout objection
+on"ict
tushun$ovchi"i@ n inco$prehensib"e thin!T $isunderstandin! Mind
an!"ashi"$ovchi"i@ n $isunderstandin! Mind
N>T,8 n
'itob Ai"-Det-
e'c"a$ationT appea"
e'c"ai$T appea"

CHAF:RE
#hairi
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
n
$!ll A -or Y@ end -or A@ ummon A
ca""= su$$ons

MB),?99T n
/NI!a Q Ai"- D et-
appea"= ca""= address
ca"" upon N= address onese" to N

SODRAE
so'roq
so'rosi"
soJrab bi"-
n
adj
!7 A -rom Y@ inKuire !-ter A -rom Y
as@ or N ro$ M= reAuest N ro$ M
as@ and @no;
Kuetion@ interro"!tion
;ithout interro!ation
9uthority
SAIOL
savolli
n
/NI!a QIi bor
NAB"! C berE
NABd!n C oDr!E
savo" AoJy-
adj
Kuetion
have a Auestion or N
!7 A ! Kuetion
!7 A ! Kuetion
as@ Auestions
Auestionin!= interro!ative

9/:(T9 n Auestionnaire
4AIOB
!avoban
n
NAB"! C berE
/CishGNI!a Q ber-
adv R /NI!a Q
!n=er@ reply
!n=er@ reply to A
!ive per$ission or N
in ans;erDresponse to N
9uthority
+H9.>M
#haim#hi
n
n
denounce$ent= inor$in!T s"ander
inor$er= te""ta"eT s"anderer
9ppraisa"
M>&H-M>&H adj
$ish-$ish !ap
ru$oured= unconir$ed
ru$our

YOLGDON
yolg'onla-
yolg'on#hi
yolg'on#hilik
n
yolg'on-yashi
v#t
n
n
lie@ -!le2ood
lie@ tell lie
pac@ o "ies= nonsense
"ie= te"" "ies
"iar
a"sehood
:no;"ed!e
BM2>)M9 adj
uydir$a !ap
$ade-up= abricated= invented
"ies= ta"e= story

&,NT9 adj a"se= or!ed
sha$= hypocritica" 8ehaviour
.9L89:> adj a"se= or!ed
132
hypocritica" 8ehaviour
8,JHT,/
bo'hton#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
n
s"ander= ca"u$ny
s"ander N
s"anderer

TBHM9T
tuhmat#hi
n
/NInin! ustIida Q Ai"-
n
s"ander= ca"u$ny
s"ander N
s"anderer

GJ>M89T
g'iybat#hi
n
/N haAIida Q Ai"-
n
!ossip= titt"e-tatt"e= s"ander
!ossip about N= s"ander N
!ossip= s"anderer

&:L
tilsi"
tilshunos
n
NA CBi
/N QIida DD QIida!i
chet ti"i
ona ti"i
ti"Ii chiA-
adj
n
l!n"u!"e@ ton"ue
A l!n"u!"e9L$ountry@ et2ni$ "roup;
in N "an!ua!e
orei!n "an!ua!e
$other ton!ue
start to ta"@ Co chi"drenG
si"ent
"in!uist
8ody
:no;"ed!e
:,J4T>LL>
ko'ptillilik
adj
n
$u"ti"in!ua"= po"y!"ot
$u"ti"in!ua"is$= po"y!"ottis$

2>9L(:T n dia"ect
&H(69 n dia"ect
?9)G,/ n s"an!= jar!on
&AR4:)A
tar!imon
tar!imonlik
n
NABni NYB"! C KilE
NABd!n NYB"! C KilE
n
n
tr!nl!tion
tr!nl!te A into Y
tr!nl!te -rom A into Y
trans"ator= interpreter
trans"ation ;or@

%,/(T>:
fonetika
n
n
phonetic
phonetics

T9L9%%BL n
ta"au0 et-DAi"-
pronunciation
pronounce

B/2,&H
B/L>
n
n
consonant
vo;e"
6ita"
B)GJB
urg'uli
n
adj
stress= accent
stressed= accentuated

G)9MM9T>:9 n !ra$$ar
4U)LA n enten$e
G94 n ta"@= conversation= utterance= speech
sentence= c"ause= phrase
Meanin!
SODZ
so'"lik
n
so'"ma-so'"
n
=ord@ pee$2@ t!tement
=ord
;ord-or-;ord
vocabu"ary
Meanin!
L(:&>:9 n vocabu"ary
LUGDA& n
"u!Jat boy"i!Ii
di$tion!ry
vocabu"ary Co sbG

133
O&
otli
otoli
n
otoA"i DD turdosh ot
adj R /N Q
adj
9"iven; n!me
noun
proper DD co$$on na$e
na$ed N
a$ous= ;e""-@no;n :no;"ed!e
:S)
ismlik
ismli
ismsi"
ismdosh
n
otanin! is$i
n
adj R /N Q
n
n
9"iven; n!me
noun
$idd"e na$e
Cna$eG "ist
na$ed N
anony$ous
ho$ony$ous

NO)
nomli
nomla-
nomlan-
n
/NI!a no$ ber- D AoJy-
no$ chiAar-
/N no$ida!i
adj R /N Q
v#t
v#int
n!me 9o- t2in"@ pl!$e;
na$e N= !ive a na$e to N
beco$e a$ous
na$ed N
na$ed N
na$e
be na$ed
:no;"ed!e
(A):L:YA n urn!me@ l!t n!me %a$i"y
NA de"!n $!lled A@ n!med A
9T9-
atal-
atama
v#t R /MIni /N deb Q
v#int R /N deb Q
n
ca"" M N= na$e M N
be ca""ed N= be na$ed M
ter$

%(JL n verb
&>%9T n adjective +ate!ory
)96>&H n adverb Manner
,LM,&H n pronoun
.,J&H>M+H9 n sui' .uantity
(G9 n subject
T,JL2>)B6+H> n object
:(L>&H>: n case
TB&HL9/>&H n conju!ation
>8,)9 n e'pression= phrase= idio$
)AFOL n proverb
M9T9L n sayin!
YOZE
yo"il-
yo"ish-
yo"ma
yozuv
yo"uv#hi
yo"ishma
v#t
yo0ib AoJy-
yo0ib o"-
v#int
ad
adj
n
n
n
=rite
;rite do;n
record= re!ister
be ;ritten= be spe""ed
correspond
;ritten= in ;ritin!
;ritten
re$ord@ in$ription@ =ritin"
;riter= author= "etter ;riter
correspondence
+o$$#
<or@
n
bosh DD $ayda har
letter 9o- !lp2!bet;@ $2!r!$ter
capita" DD s$a"" "etter

133
AL:(BO n !lp2!bet
9L%96>T n a"phabet
:>)>LL adj cyri""ic Ca"phabet= ;ritin!G
L,T>/ adj "atin Ca"phabet= ;ritin!G
N9T n hand;ritin! +o$$#
29&TN9T n auto!raph
&9T) n "ine Co ;ritin!G
/B.T9 n point= u"" stop= period
6()GBL n co$$a
.96& n brac@etCsG= parentheses
.,J&HT>)/,. n Auotation $ar@s
tinish be"!i"ari punctuation $ar@s Meanin!
soJroA be"!isi Auestion $ar@ Meanin!
savo" DD 'itob a"o$ati Auestion DD e'c"a$ation $ar@ Meanin!
:,J+H>)-
ko'#hirma
v#t
@oJchirib yo0ib o"-
n
copy C;ritin!G
copy out= ;rite out
copy
Motion
ODF:E
o'il-
v#t
v#int
re!d@ re$ite@ $2!nt
be read= recited
:no;"ed!e
.>),9T n
Airoat et-DAi"-
recitation= chant
recite= chant

2>:T9/T n dictation
>ML, n ortho!raphy
,)%,G)9%>M9 n ortho!raphy
13*
Communi$!tion
ALOFA
aloa#hi
n G NA bil!n C
a"oAa vositasi D yoJ""ari
a"oAa boJ"i$i
n
$ont!$t@ $ommuni$!tion =it2 A
$eans o co$$unication
post service and te"ephone service
co$$unications ;or@er
)e"ations
M,L>&H-
yo"ishma
v#int
n
;rite Ce'chan!e ;ritin!sG
correspondence
Meanin!
M9:TB8 n "etter= ;ritten $essa!e
AA&
$atli
n
buyurt$a D 0a@a0noy 'at
adj
letter
hand;ritin!
re!istered "etter
"etter
Meanin!
O&KR:&KA n pot$!rd
ras$"i 'atji"d postcard ,bjects
/OS:LKA n p!r$el
$at-$abar $ai"= $essa!e
T(L(G)9MM9 n te"e!ra$
%9:& n
a@s apparati
a'
a' $achine

/OCH&A
po#htalyon
pochtachi
n
po$2t! 9boDlimi;
po$2t! Kutii ? y!2i"i
pochta inde@si
n
n
pot@ m!il
pot o--i$e
letterEbo>@ m!ilbo>
postcode
post$an
pot o--i$e =or7er@ m!ilm!n
<or@
96>94,+HT9 n air$ai"
)ARKA
markali
n
adj
t!mp
sta$ped

?,J/9TB6+H>
?,J/9TM9 n
joJnat$a haAi
sender
sendin!= ship$ent
posta!e
Motion
,LB6+H> n addressee 4ossession
8BMB)TM9 adj re!istered (cono$y
MBGB)29: n courier= $essen!er (cono$y
&ELE(ON n
NAB"! C KilE
te"eon raAa$i D no$eri
te"eon @itobi D @itobchasi
te"eon hujrasi D bud@asi
te"eon-avto$at
ja$oat te"eoni
'a"Aaro te"eon
te"eon stansiyasi
uya"i te"eon
te"eon AoJn!Jiro!Ji
9tele;p2one
9tele;p2one to AJ di!l A
Cte"eGphone nu$ber
Cte"eGphone directory
Cte"eGphone booth
pub"ic Cte"eGphone
pub"ic Cte"eGphone
internationa" Cte"eGphone
te"ephone center
$obi"e= ce"" phone
phone ca""
,bjects
FODNGD:ROF n be"" ,bjects
135
$aha""iy DD shahar"araro Q
$a$"a@at"araro D 'a"Aaro Q
NAB"! C KilE
"oca" DD "on! distance ca""
internationa" ca""
telep2one to A@ rin" A up
raAa$Dno$er ter- dia" .uantity
L>/>M9 n "ine
T(L(9L,.9L9) n te"eco$$unications +o$$#
>/T()/(T n the >nternet
e"e@tron pochta
e"e@tron 'at D $a@tub
e"ectronic $ai"
e-$ai"
&ubstances

K:&OB
kitob#ha
kitobiy
kitob$on
n
n
adj
n
boo7
boo@"et
;ritten= boo@
reader CpersonG
,bjects
8),&HB)9 n boo@"et= "ea"et= pa$ph"et
)AFOLA n !rti$le@ p!per
,8L,) n survey= revie;= co$$entary
M9T/ n te't
T(:&T n te't
&>T9T9 n
sitata @e"tir-
Auotation= citation
Auote

8,8 n chapter
49)9G)9% n para!raph
?>L2
!ildli
n
adj R nu$N Q
vo"u$e= boo@
in N vo"u$es
,bjects
T,M
tomli
n
adj R nu$N Q
vo"u$e
in N vo"u$es

.,JLM,LM9 n $anuscript
M9?MB9 n co""ected ;or@s= co""ection= series
MB/29)>?9 n tab"e o contents
?9269L n tab"e= ti$etab"eT cata"o!
AAR:&A n m!p
:9)T9 n $ap
7itob m!"!Hini ? doD7oni boo72op Housin!
KU&UBAONA
kutub$ona#hi
n
n
libr!ry
"ibrarian
Housin!
:9T9L,G n
@ata"o! tu0-
cata"o!ue
cata"o!ue

/9&H)
nashriyot
nashriyot#hi
n
nashr et- D Ai"-
nashr eti"- D Ai"in-
nashr etuvchi
n
n
pub"ication= edition
pub"ish
be pub"ished
pub"isher
publi2in" 2oue
pub"isher

131
BOSE
bosma
bosma$ona
v#t
bosib chiAar-
bosi"ib chiA-
n
n
print
pub"ish= brin! out
be pub"ished
pub"ication= edition
printin! house

)A&BUO&
M9T899
n
n
pre@ printin" pre
printin! house

T>)9? n circu"ation= edition
GAZE&A
ga"eta#hi
n
n
ne=p!per
journa"istT ne;spaper se""er

4URNAL
!urnalist
n
n
m!"!Hine@ <ourn!l
journa"ist

RODZNO)A n ne=p!per
journa"= a!enda

MBH9))>) n editor
)UAB:R n $orrepondent@ <ourn!lit
M,LB6 n record= inscription= ;ritin! Meanin!
9)N>6 n archives

M>:),%,/ n $icrophone ,bjects
/LAS&:NKA n re$ord@ di7@ pl!te ,bjects
KASSE&A
video@asseta
n
n
$!ette 9!udio@ video;
videotape
,bjects
+2C-2>&:G n +2= co$pact dis@ ,bjects
)AGN:&O(ON
magnitoplyonka
video$a!nitoon
n
n
n
t!pe re$order
tape
video Cp"ayerG
,bjects
(O&O
fotograf
fotografik
fotografiya
fotoapparat
(foto)plyonka
n
n
adj
n
n
n
p2oto@ n!p
photo!rapher
photo!raphic
photo!ray
$!mer!
-ilm 9-or $!mer!;
<or@
,bjects
RAS)
rasmli
n-
/NIni QI!a o"-
ras$!a tush-
adj
pi$ture@ p!intin"@ dr!=in"@ p2oto"r!p2
ta@e a photo!raph o N
have oneJs photo ta@en
i""ustrated
9rt
SURA&
suratli
n
/NInin! QIini o"-
NABni CB"! olE
/NIni QI!a tushir-
adj
im!"e@ pi$ture@ portr!it@ p2oto"r!p2
paint NJs portrait= ta@e a photo!raph o N
t!7e ! p2oto"r!p2 o- A
ta@e a photo!raph o N
i""ustrated
9rt
:9)>:9TB)9 n caricature= cartoon
hajviy surat"ar co$ics= strip cartoons ($otions
:&(),:& n photocopy
K:NO n
@ino!a bor-
$inem!
!o to the cine$a
137
kino(teatr)
kinokamera
kino#hi
/NIni QI!a o"-
n
n
n
i"$
$inem!@ movie t2e!ter
Ccine-Gca$era
i"$-$a@er= $ovie$a@er
Housin!
,bjects
(:L) n -ilm@ movie
MBLT%>LM n cartoon
(&H>TT>)-
eshittirish
eshittiril-
v#t
n
v#int
CradioG broadcast
CradioG broadcast
be broadcasted
4erception
RA8:O
radioapparat
radiostansiya
n
radio orAa"i eshittir-
radio tin!"a-
n
n
r!dio@ =irele
broadcast
"isten to the radio
radio= radio set
radio station
,bjects
&ELEI:ZOR
T(L(6>2(/>M(
T(L(29&TB)
n
n
te"evideniye orAa"i @oJrsat-
n
televiion@ televiion et
te"evision
broadcast
Cte"evisionG pro!ra$ C$a!a0ineG
,bjects
9rt
oynan jahon te"evision Cset and pro!ra$sG
:,J)&9TB6
:,J)&9T>L-
n
@oJrsatuv"ar pro!ra$$asi
v#int
Cte"evisionG broadcast
Cte"evisionG pro!ra$s
be sho;in!= be on C$ovie= pro!ra$G
4erception
8,&HL,6+H> n CT6= radioG hostT !uide (vents
:9/9L n channe"
6>2(,
videokamera
videofilm
n
n
n
video
video ca$era
video Ci"$G
,bjects
nus'a apparati photocopier )e"ations
KO)/U&ER n $omputer ,bjects
>/%,)M9T>:9 n >nor$ation Techno"o!ies= data processin!
a'borot"ar te'no"o!iyasi >nor$ation Techno"o!ies Meanin!
4),G)9MM9 n pro!ra$ 9ction
29&TB)
dasturla-
dasturlov#hi
n
v#t
n
pro!ra$
pro!ra$
pro!ra$$er

:9L:BL9T,) n ca"cu"ator ,bjects
+H,JT n
choJt tash"a-
abacus
countDrec@on on the abacus
,bjects
4)>/T() n printer ,bjects
:9)T,+H:9 n
p"asti@D@redit @artoch@asi
card
p"asticDcredit card
,bjects
:9)T,T(:9 n i"e CpaperG
%9ML n i"e Cco$puterG

KODRGAZ)A n
@oJr!a0$a AoJy-
e>2ibition@ 2o=
put on disp"ay= e'hibit
4erception
13-
%(&T>69L n estiva"
)UZEY n mueum Housin!
1*0
Art
SANDA&
san'at#hi
san'atkor
n
tasviriy sanJat
sanHat !a"ereyasi
n
!rt
artistic s@i""= abi"ity
ine art
art !a""ery
artist
artist

892>>M adj artistic= ine
/9%>&
nafislik
/9%,&9T
nafosatli
adj
n
n
adj
ine= e'Auisite= e"e!ant
ineness= e"e!ance
!race= e"e!ance
!raceu"= e"e!ant

2>2 n
ya'shi DD yo$on did
taste
!ood DD bad taste

8(L9-
be"al-
be"ak
v#int R /N bi"an Q
n
decorate= adorn N ;ith M
be decorated ;ith N
decoration= adorn$ent

L>M/9T n adorn$ent= decoration
CH:ZE v#t
chi0ish
dr!=@ 7et$2
dra;in!
&hape
RAS)
rasmli
rasm#hi
RASSO)
rassomlik
n
ras$ chi0-
/NInin! QIini so"-
adj
n
n
n
pi$ture@ p!intin"@ dr!=in"@ p2oto"r!p2
dra;= paint
dra; N= paint N
i""ustrated
artisan-painter= photo!rapher
p!inter@ !rtit
paintin!= dra;in!= visua" arts
+o$$#
SURA&
surat#hi
suratkash
n
/NInin! QIini o"-
surat so"-
n
n
im!"e@ pi$ture@ portr!it@ p2oto"r!p2
paint NJs portrait= ta@e a photo!raph o N
dra;
painter= dra;er
+o$$#
/9..,&H n en!raver= painter
HAYKAL
haykaltarosh
haykaltaroshlik
n
hay@a" yasa-DAur-
n
n
t!tue@ $ulpture@ $!rvin"
scu"pt= carve
scu"pter= carver
scu"pture= carvin! CactivityG

9)N>T(:T,)
9)N>T(:TB)9
n
n
architect
architecture

HB&/>N9T n ca""i!raphy ,pinion
N9TT,T n ca""i!raphier= scribe Meanin!
A8AB:Y
adabiyot
adabiyot#hi
adabiyotshunos
92>8
!d<
adabiy asar
n
n
n
n
liter!ry
"iterary ;or@
liter!ture
$an o "etters
"iterary critic
;riter= poet

1*1
adiba
adiblik
n
n
;riter ;o$an= poetess
;ritin! Cas an occupationG
ASAR n
sanJat asar
shoh asar
=or7@ =ritin"
;or@ o art
$asterpiece

B&LB8 n sty"e= $anner
sty"e o ;ritin!
Manner
89L9/249)6,L adj !randi"oAuent= e$phatic Motion
)UALL:( n !ut2or
96T,) n author
.9L9M:9&H n eective ;riter ,bjects
YOZUICH: n =riter@ !ut2or@ letter =riter Meanin!
SHEDR
she'riyat
SHO:R
shoira
shoirona
n
n
n
n
adj
poem@ poetry
poetry
poet
poetess
poetic

4,(M9
4,(T>:
4,(L>M9
n
adj
n
poe$
poetica"
poetry

89MT n poetryT coup"et= verse
.,%>M9 n rhyth$= $etre
.9&>29 n ode
2,&T,/
doston#hi
n
n
epic= poe$= ta"e
bard= epic reciter

89N&H> n bard= narrator o epic poetry
H:KOYA
hikoya#hi
n
hi@oya ayt-
n
tory@ t!le
te"" a story
storyte""er

.>&&9 n story= ta"e= narrative
M>L/,M9 n anna"s= chronic"es (vents
()T9: n
'a"@ erta@"ari
ta"e= story
o"@ta"es

9%&,/9
afsonaviy
n
adj
"e!end
"e!endary

M9&9L n ab"e
L9T>%9 n anecdote= jo@e
4),L9 n prose
/9&) n prose
),M9/ n nove"
/,6(LL9 n short nove"
,+H(): n essay
AoJyin datari diary
8>,G)9%>M9 n bio!raphy
1*2
(4>L,2 n episode
&EA&R n t2e!ter Housin!
:,M(2>M9 n
$u0i@a"i @o$ediya
co$edy
$usica" co$edy

2)9M9 n dra$a
4M(&9 n p"ay
,JM>/
,JM/9-
o'ynal-
n
v#t
v#int
p"ay
act
be acted= be peror$ed
Leasure
49)29 n act ,bjects
&9H/9 n sta!e
(&T)929 n sta!e
),L n ro"e
)(4(T>T&>M9 n rehearsa"

)US:FA
musia#hi
MB&>.>M
MBL>:9
mu"ika#hi
mu"ikashunos
n
$usiAa asbobi
n
adj
n
'a"A $u0i@asi
@"assi@ $u0i@a
ro@ $u0i@asi
n
n
mui$
$usica" instru$ent
$usician
$usica"
$usic
o"@ $usic
c"assica" $usic
roc@ KnH ro""
$usician
$usico"o!ist

?9L n ja00
(&T)929 n pop $usic
:BM
kuyla-
n
v#t
$e"ody= tune
hu$= sin!

,H9/G
ohangdor
hamohang
n
adj
adj
har$ony= $e"ody= tune
har$onious= $e"odious
in har$ony= har$onious C"DG

/96, n tune= $e"ody
T9),/9 n tune= $e"ody
M9.,M n
$aAo$ Ai"-
$ode= tune Ctraditiona"= c"assica"G
@eep ti$e C;ith the rhyth$G

CHALE
+H,LGJB
#holg'u#hi
v#t
cho"!Ju asbobi
n
pl!y 9! mui$!l intrument;
$usica" instru$ent
instru$enta"ist

,.>/ n $instre"
&,L
so"anda
so"#hi
so"la-
n
so0 cha"-
n
n
v#t
$usica" instru$ent
p"ay an instru$ent= p"ay $usic
$usician Cp"ayin!= traditiona"G
$usician
tune

T,)
torli
n
adj
strin! Co a $usica" instru$entG
strin!ed

1*3
2BT,) n dutar C2 strin!sG
T9/8B) n tanbur C3 or 3 strin!sG
)B8,8 n robab C* strin!sG
2,JM8>)9 n do$bira Cstrin!edG
.,J8>L n Aobi0 Cstrin!ed= used by sha$ansG
GJ>??9: n !hijja@ Csi$i"ar to the vio"inG
+H9/G n du"ci$er
/,GJ,)9 n dru$
+H>L2>)M9 n ta$bourine
2,>)9 n ta$bourine
:9)/9M n suona horn
/9M
nay#hi
n
n
"ute
"utist

&:)>4:9 n vio"in
4>9/>/, n piano
G>T9)9 n !uitar
9::,)2(,/ n accordion
ASHULA
ashula#hi
n
!2ul! !ytE
ashu"a aytuvchi
n
on"
in" 9on";
sin!er
sin!er C$odern son!sG

H,%>L n sin!er Ctraditiona" son!sG
N,/9/29 n sin!er Ctraditiona" son!sG
FODSH:F
o'shi#hi
n
AoJshiA ayt-
n
on"
sin! Cson!sG
sin!er

L949) n son! Csun! in turns by youn! !ir"s and $enG
M9LL9 n C"i!hthearted and nau!htyG son!
9MT-
aytil-
v#t
v#int
recite= sin!
be recited= be sun!
Meanin!
:,M4,L>T,)
:,M4,L>T&>M9
n
n
co$poser
co$position

89&T9:,) n co$poser
RAFS
raos
raosa
n
raAs Ai"-
r!K"! tu2E
n
n
d!n$e
dance
d!n$e
dancer
dancer Ce$a"eG

,JM>/
,JM/9-
n
oJyin!a tush-
v#t
!a$e= p"ay= $atchT dance
dance= join in the dance
dance
Leasure
2>&:,T(:9 n discotheAue= ni!htc"ub
&O)OSHA n pe$t!$le@ 2o=@ entert!inment
un= enjoy$ent= stro""= "oiterin!
1*3
tomoshabin
NABni C KilE
n
=!t$2@ en<oy A9Lpe$t!$le@ entert!inment;
C$e$ber o theG audience
($otions
&4(:T9:L n spectac"e= peror$ance= sho;in!
:,/&()T n
@onsert 0a"i
concert
concert ha""

89L(T n ba""et
,4()9 n
opera 0a"i
opera
opera house

&>): n circus
29&TB) n pro!ra$ Cspectac"e= eventG
)(4()TB9) n repertoire= schedu"e
)(?>&&,) n Ci"$G director
9)T>&T
artistka
n
n
artist= actor= actress= $ovie star
actress

9:TM,)
9:T)>&9
n
n
actor
actress

.>L>.+H> n c"o;n ($otions
1**
Spirit
4ON
!onli
!onsi"
n
jon!a @ir-
jonIi chiA-
jon ber-
adj
adj
li-e@ oul@ pirit
revive
die
!ive oneJs "ieT do ;ho"ehearted"y
a"ive= "ivin!= vivid= u"" o vita"ity
"ie"ess= spirit"ess
6ita"
Manner
RUH
ruhiy
ruhli
n
adj
adj
oul@ pirit@ ment!l t!te
spiritua"= $enta"
in !ood spirits= u"" o vita"ity
($otions
M9J/96>M
ma'naviyat
adj
n
spiritua"= $ora" Ce! supportG
spiritua"ity

>LH,M
ilhomlan-
ilhomlantir-
ilhomba$sh
n
/NI!a i"ho$ ber-
i"ho$ o"-
v#int
v#t
adj
inspiration= en"i!hten$ent
inspire
be inspired
be inspired
inspire
inspirin!

MB:&9L-
yuksaltir-
v#int
yu@sa"ish
v#t
rise= ascend C"DG
raise C"DG
4rocesses
I:48ON
vi!donli
vi!donsi"
vi!donan
n
adj
adj
adv
$on$ien$e
;ith a conscience
conscience"ess
in a"" conscience
8ehaviour
H9L,L adj
ad
per$itted= per$issib"e C$ora"= re"i!ionG
honestC"yG 8ehaviour
M929/>M
madaniylash-
madaniyat
madaniyatli
madaniyatsi"
adj
v#int
n
adj
adj
cu"tura"
cu"tured= civi"i0ed
beco$e civi"i0ed
$ulture@ $iviliH!tion
cu"tured= reined
uneducated= ;ith "itt"e cu"ture

&>6>L>L9T&>M9 n civi"i0ation
:L9&&>: adj c"assica"

8:N
diniy
dindor
dinsi"
dinsi"lik
n
!d<
diniy bayra$
n
adj
n
reli"ion@ -!it2@ belie-
reli"iou
re"i!ious ho"iday
be"iever= aithu"
non-be"iever
a!nosticis$

>M,/
imonsi"
n
adj
re"i!ious aith= be"ie
a!nostic= non-be"iever

(JT>.,2
e'tiodli
n R /NI!a Q
/NI!a QIi bor
adj
aith in N= conviction
have aith in N= be convinced o N
aithu"= convinced

9T(>&T n atheist
1*5
29H)>M n atheist
AU8O
$udosi"
$udoparast
$udoyi
n
adj
n
n R 'udoyi Ai"-Dber-
God
atheistic
be"iever=devout
$a@e a sacriice to God

T9/G)> n God
,LL,H n God
49)69)2>G,) n God= creator= provider
%9)>&HT9 n an!e"
49)> n airy
9)6,H n spirit= !enie= !host
2(6 n !iant= o!re
9L69&T> n evi" spirit
?>/ n evi" spirit= !enie
>8L>& n de$on= devi"
&H9MT,/ n &atan= the 2evi"
MB.9229& adj ho"y= sacred
49MGJ9M89) n prophet
96L>M,
avliyolik
n
adj
n R av"iyo"i@ Ai"-
saint
saint"y
prophesy= oresee

,N>)9T n the ne't ;or"d Cater deathG (vents
4ANNA& n He!ven@ /!r!die
?9H9//9M n He""
2,JL9N n He""
NA)OZ
namo"goh
namo"lik
n
n!moH KilE?oDKiE
n
n
pr!yer 9ep# :l!m;
pr!y
p"ace or prayers
prayer $at

&>GJ>/- v#int R /NI!a Q bo; to N= pray N
%,T>H9 n
otiha Ai"-DoJAi-
/CishGN uchun Q ber-
short prayer
b"essin!= per$ission
say a short prayer
!ive per$ission or N

,M>/ n 9$en
8>&M>LL,H n >n the na$e o God
:BO8A&
ibodat$ona
n
ibodat Ai"-Det-
n
pr!yer@ reli"iou ervi$e@ =or2ip
pray
;orship p"ace= te$p"e

8UO n
/NI!a Q ber-
/NIni Q Ai"-
pr!yer@ "ood =i2e
!ive !ood ;ishes= pray or N
b"ess N= pray or N

89)9:9
MB8,)9:
n R /NI!a Q ber-DAi"-
adj
$ubora@ boJ"-
b"ess N
b"essed
be b"essed

1*1
N9M)
$ayrli
n
adj
b"essin!= !ood deed
auspicious= propitiousT niceT satisactory

?9/,L9 n prier or the dead
&929.9 n
sadaAa ber- DD soJra-
a"$sT sacriice
!ive a"$s DD be! or a"$s

$ayr-sadaa%-ehson
Q Ai"-Dber-
a"$s
!ive a"$s

.9)GJ9- v#t s;ear at= curse 8ehaviour
T9L.>/
talin#hi
n
ta"Ain Ai"-Det-
n
ser$on
preach
preacher

69JL n ser$on
?,2B
!odugar
!odugarlik
n
jodu!ar @a$pir
n
jodu!ar"i@ Ai"-
sorcery= ;itchcrat
;i0ard= sorcerer
;itch= sorceress
sorcery= ;itchcrat
peror$ sorcery

SEHR
sehrgar
sehrli
sehrla-
n
n
adj
v#t
or$ery@ =it$2$r!-tJ m!"i$
;i0ard= sorcererT $a!ician
be;itchedT be;itchin!
cast a spe"" on= be;itch

9%&B/ n spe""
:>//9 n evi" eye
yo$on @oH0 evi" eye
TBM,)
tumor#ha
n
n
ta"is$an Ctrian!u"ar shapeG
s$a"" ta"is$an

:,HLMB/+H,. n nec@"ace= brace"et to ;ard o the evi" eye +"othin!
T9&8(H n rosary
%,L
folbin
n
o" och- D @oJr- D boA-
n
prediction= divination
te"" ortunes
sha$an= ortune-te""er

89&H,)9T n prediction= prophecy 4erception
:9),M9T n
@aro$at Ai"-
$irac"e= prediction
peror$ a $irac"e= te"" the uture

:SLO)
islomiyat
islomshunos
)USUL)ON
musulmonlik
musulmon#hilik
n
is"o$ dini
n
n
n@ !d<
adj
n
:l!m
the Mus"i$ re"i!ion
is"a$is$
specia"ist o >s"a$
mulim
$us"i$
$us"i$ attitude

&B//9T
&B//>M
n
n= adj
&unna Cpractices based on Muha$$adJsG
sunni

&H>9 n= adj shia
T9&966B% n suis$= $ysticis$
&,J%> n= adj sui= $ystic
1*7
69HH,8>M
vahhobiylik
n= adj
n
<ahhabi
<ahhabis$

FURDON n Kor!n
H92>& n Hadith Cthe sayin!s o Muha$$adG
&H9)>9T
&H9)J>M
n
adj
&hariat Cre"i!ious "a; o >s"a$G
"a;u" Caccordin! to the &hariatG
?ustice
H9),M adj
haro$ eti"-DAi"in-
orbidden Cby re"i!ionG
be orbidden Cby re"i!ionG
9uthority
)AS4:8 n moKue Housin!
M92)9&9 n $adrasah Cis"a$ic co""e!eG Housin!
N,/9.,H n prayer ha""T $onastery Housin!
BMM9T n u$$a= the co$$unity o $us"i$s
,NB/ n $an "earned in re"i!ion
MBLL9 n
n
$u""ah C$us"i$ theo"o!ianG
"earned $an= "iterate $an :no;"ed!e
BL(M9 n u"e$a= "earned in $us"i$ theo"o!y
M,JM>/ n C$us"i$G be"iever
(&H,/ n ishan Cecc"esiasticG
>M,M n i$a$ Cprayer or spiritua" "eaderG
.,L> n Aa0i C$us"i$ jud!eG ?ustice
MB%T> n $uti Carbiter in is"a$ic "a;G ?ustice
MB9LL>/ n $ue00in Cca""in! or the prayerG
&H9MN n shei@h Chead o a re"i!ious orderG
4>) n pir Chead o a re"i!ious sectG
MB)>2 n discip"e= o""o;er
N9L>%9 n ca"iph
$u""ahJs assistant

,T>/ n C;o$an= re"i!iousG teacher
89/29 n servant= person Co GodG
&9M>2 n descendant o Muha$$ad
:,%>) n pa!an= unbe"iever= heretic
L9:,T n a"$s Cprescribed by >s"a$G
69.% n ;a@ Cre"i!ious oundationG
FURBON
urbonlik
n
Aurbon hayitDbayra$
n
Aurbon"i@ ber-
!$ri-i$e@ o--erin"
victi$e= $artyr
east o the &acriice
ani$a" or the est o the &acriice
$a@e a sacriice
9ction
+on"ict
RODZA n
roJ0a hayit
-!t
end o the )a$adan
%ood
)9M9L,/ n )a$adan
H9? n hajj Cpi"!ri$a!e to MeccaG
1*-
L>M,)9T
"iyoratgoh
n
n
visitT pi"!ri$a!e
saintHs to$b= shrine
scenic spotT historica" site
&ocia"
L>:) n
0i@r tush-
re$e$brance= reco""ection
recitin! Cperor$ed by suisG
peror$ recitin!
Mind
H>?)9T n the He!iraT e$i!ration &ociety
AR:S&:AN
$ristianlik
n@ !d<
'ristian dini
n
$2riti!n
christianis$
christianity

:9T,L>: n= adj
@ato"i@ dini
catho"ic
catho"icis$

4)96,&L96
pravoslavne
n= adj
n
orthodo'
orthodo'y

CHERKOI n $2ur$2 Housin!
)BH,/>M n priest
),H>8 n $on@
YAHU8:Y n@ !d<
yahudiy dini
<e=
judais$

&>/9G,G9 n syna!o!
8B22, n
buddo dini
bhudda
bhuddais$

H>/2B n
buddo dini
hindu
hinduis$

M9LH98
ma"hab#hi
n
n
sect
$e$ber= o""o;er o a sect

8BT
butparast
n
n
icon= ido"e
ido"ator

M>%,L,G>M9 n $ytho"o!y
150
C2!r!$ter !nd Emotion
C2!r!$ter
%(JL n character= disposition
N9)9:T()
$arakterli
n
adj R 9N Q
character
havin! a N character

AULF n dipoition@ $2!r!$ter@ temper
behaviour

GDAYRA&
g'ayratli
g'ayratsi"
g'ayratlan-
g'ayratlantir-
serg'ayrat
n
/CishGN uchun Q Ai"-
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
adj
ener"y@ =illpo=er@ He!l
strive to N= endeavour to N
ener!etic= dyna$ic= vi!ourous
;ithout any ener!y
disp"ay vi!our= bestir onese"
raise sbJs spirit= cheer sb up
ener!etic= dyna$ic= u"" o vi!our
9ction
>),29
irodali
irodasi"
n
adj
adj
;i""= ;i""po;er= deter$ination
;i"u"= deter$ined
"ac@in! ;i""po;er= irreso"ute

.9TJ>M9T
at'iyatli
at'iyatsi"
n
adj
adj
;i""po;er= deter$ination
reso"ute= deter$ined
irreso"ute= undecided
Moda"ity
.9M&9)
aysarlik
adj
n
stubborn= tenacious
stubbornness= tenacity

,J?9)
o'!arlik
adj
n
stubborn= obstinate
stubbornness= obstination

9:&L>: n
a@s"i@ Ai"-
stubborn
persist

&98,T
sabotli
n
adj
perseverance= ir$ness= tenacity
perseverin!= tenacious

sabot-matonat perseverance
:,HT9)- v#t bear= endure= stand 4rocesses
CH:8AE
#hidam
#hidamli
#hidamsi"
#hidamsi"lik
v#int G NAB"! C
n
adj
adj
n
endure@ be!r p!tiently@ put up =it2 A
endurance= patient
hardy= patient
de"icateT i$patient
i$patience

SABR
sabrli
sabrsi"
sabrsi"lik
besabr
n
sabr Ai"-
sabrIi tu!a-
!d<
adj
n
adj
p!tien$e
have patience= be patient
"ose patience
p!tient
i$patient
i$patience
i$patient

T,.9T n
toAat Ai"-
toAatIi Dbit-
toA boJ"-DAo"$a-
patience
have patience
"ose patience
"ose patience

151
toatli
toatsi"
toatsi"lik
toatsi"lan-
betoat
betoatlik
betoatlan-
adj
adj
n
v#int
adj
n
v#int
patient
i$patient
i$patience
!et i$patient= "ose patience
i$patient
i$patience
"ose patience
>/T>L,)
inti"orlik
adj R /CishGNI!a Q
/CishGNI!a Q boJ"-
inti0or Ai"-
n
ea!er"y= an'ious"y= i$patient"y a;aitin! N
a;ait N ea!er"y= an'ious"y= i$patient"y
ob"i!e to ;ait
;aitin! C;ith i$patienceG
9ction
89)2,&H
bardoshli
n
bardosh Ai"-
/NI!a Q ber-
adj
patience= endurance
have patience= be patient
endure= bear patient"y N
patient

&:R:SHFOF
tirisholik
!d<
n
2!rd=or7in"@ dili"ent@ !iduou
di"i!ence= assiduity
9ction
M9L.,6
yalovlik
yalovlash-
adj
n
v#int
"a0y= id"e
"a0iness= id"eness
"a0e around

8ANGASA
dangasalik
!d<
n
dan!asa"i@ Ai"-
l!Hy@ boneEidle
"a0iness= bone id"eness
"a0e around= "oa around

NB&HM,.M9& adj id"e= "a0y
()>/-
erin#ha
v#int R /CishGN uchun Q
/CishGNI!a Q
adj= n
be un;i""in! to N= re"uctant to N
be "a0y to N
"a0y= id"e= "an!uidT "a0y e""o;
Moda"ity
():9
erkalik
erkala-
erkalan-
adj
n
er@a"i@ Ai"-
v#t
v#int
v#int
spoi"t= pa$pered Co chi"drenG
;hi$= caprice= sAuea$ishness
act out o capriciousness
spoi" Cchi"drenG
act "i@e a spoi"ed chi"d
be spoi"t= pa$pered
%ee"in!s
>/?>.
in!ilik
in!ilan-
adj
n
v#int
capricious= ;ay;ard
caprice= ;hi$
act out o capriciousness= be overussy

N9)N9&H9 n
'ar'asha Ai"-
caprice= ;hi$= na!!in!
@eep on about so$ethin!= be capricious

/,LL9/-
/,LL>
v#int
adj
si$per
coAuettish

>&H,/-
ishon#h
v#int R /NI!a Q
ishon!an
ishonish
n R /NI!a Q
ishonchIini yoJAot-
trust N
conident
conidence
conidence in N
"ose conidence
%ee"in!s
,4T>M>&T>:
optimistik
,4T>M>LM
n
adj
n
opti$ist
opti$istic
opti$is$

4(&&>M>&T
pessimistik
n
adj
pessi$ist
pessi$istic

152
4(&&>M>LM n pessi$is$
N,T>)?9M
$otir!amlik
$otir!amlan-
adj
'otirja$ boJ"-
n
v#int
ca"$= serene
@eep ca"$
ca"$ness= serenity
ca"$ do;n= !et serene

&:NCH
tin#hlik
tin#hi-
tin#hit-
tin#hlan-
tin#hlantir-
tin#hsi"
tin#hsi"lan-
notin#h
notin#hlik
!d
n
tinch"i@ saA"a-
v#int R C@oJn!"IiG Q
v#t R C@oJn!"IiniG Q
v#int
v#t
adj
v#int
adj
n
Kuiet9ly;@ pe!$e-ul9ly;@ $!lm9ly;
Auietness= ca"$ness
@eep coo"
ca"$ do;n= coo" do;n
ca"$ do;n= coo" do;n
ca"$ do;nT set oneJs $ind at rest
ca"$ do;nT set sbJs $ind at rest
rest"ess= not Auiet
;orry
rest"ess= not Auiet
rest"essness
(vents
+on"ict
?>M
!im!it
!im!itlik
ad
adj
n
(vents
Meanin!
OSOY:SH&A
osoyishtalik
!d
n
Kuiet9ly;@ $!lm9ly;@ "entle9ly;@ $!re-ul9ly;
Auietness= ca"$ness= !ent"eness= careu"ness
Manner
69LM>/ adj heavyT even-te$pered 4roperties
,),M
oromsi"
n
adj
peace= Auietness
troub"ed= unAuiet
6ita"
&,6B..,/
sovuonlik
adj
n
co"d-b"ooded= ca"$= sober= indierent
co"d b"ood= ca"$ness= soberness= indierence
4roperties
T(L ad Auic@C"yG= ast
Auic@-te$pered= irritab"e
(vents
AonIi Ai0iA Auic@-te$pered= hot-te$pered 8ody
achchi!JIi te0 D yo$on Auic@-te$pered= irritab"e ($otions
T9?9/G adj irritab"e= nervy
9&98
asabiy
asabiylik
asabiylash-
n
/NInin! QIini chiAar-
/NInin! QIi!a te!-
adj
n
v#int
nerves
$a@e N nervous
!et on NJs nerves
nervous
nervousness
"ose oneJs coo"
8ody
4:NN:
!innilik
n= adj
<inni boDlE
n
$adT $ad$an
"et $r!Hy@ be2!ve tupidly
$adness= insanity
Hea"th
T(L89 adj
/NIdan te"ba boJ"-
cra0y= abnor$a"= sense"ess
!et cra0y about N
Hea"th

8,L9L9)+H9 ad chi"dishC"yG Hu$ans
4>&H>. adj ripe
stron!= so"id Co peop"eG
4"ants
4:88:Y !d< serious= !rave= critica"
eriou@ e!rnet
,pinion
153
!iddiylik
!iddiylash-
n
v#int
seriousness= earnestness
!et serious
89M9J/>
bama'nilik
adj
n
serious= sensib"e
seriousness= sensib"eness

TBMGJB
tuyg'uli
tuyg'usi"
n
adj
adj
sense perception= sensation= ee"in!
sensitive C"DG
insensitive C"DG
4erception
&(LG>)
se"girlik
adj
n
sensitive
sensitiveness
4erception
/,L>:
no"iklik
adj
n
ine= de"icate= ra!i"e
reined= sensitive
de"icate= touchy= tric@y
ineness= ra!i"ity= de"icacy
4roperties
FOD/OL
o'pollik
!d<
n
rou"2@ rude
coarse= c"u$sy
rou!hness= rudeness
coarseness= c"u$siness
Mind
.,J)&
o'rslik
adj
n
rude= coarse
rudeness= coarseness

29GJ9L
dag'allik
adj
n
rude= coarse
rudeness= coarseness

MB)9:
yurakli
yuraksi"
n
/NIda Q yoJA
adj
adj
coura!e= nerve
N be a co;ard
bo"d= audacious
ti$id= co;ard
8ody
2,6MB)9: adj intrepid= bo"d= brave
?B)J9T
!ur'atli
!ur'atsi"
n
adj
adj
darin!= deter$ination
darin!= coura!eous
ti$id= co;ard= indecisive
Moda"ity
292>L
dadillik
dadillan-
ad
n
v#int
bo"dC"yG= braveC"yG
bo"dness= bravery
!ro; bo"d

4ASUR
jasurlik
!asurona
?9&,)9T
!asoratli
!asoratsi"
!d<
n
adv
n
jasorat @oJrsat-
adj
adj
br!ve@ $our!"eou@ d!rin"
br!very@ $our!"e@ d!rin"
brave"y= coura!eous"y
bravery= coura!e= darin!
sho; bravery= coura!e
brave= coura!eous= darin!
ti$orous= earu"

)AR8
mardlik
mardlar#ha
!d<
n
adv
br!ve@ $our!"eou
$our!"e@ br!very
brave"y= coura!eous"y

()
erlik
adj
n
$an"y= coura!eous
$an"iness
%a$i"y
8,T>)
botirlik
botirlar#ha
n
adj
n
adv
hero
heroic= brave
herois$= bravery
heroica""y= brave"y

FAHRA)ON n 2ero
153
ahramonlik
ahramonlar#ha
ahramonona
adj
n
adv
adv
heroic
herois$
heroica""y
heroica""y
.,J).-
qo'rqoq
o'rolik
o'rmas
v#int R /NIdan Q
!d<
n
adj
be araid o N= ear N
$o=!rd@ -e!r-ul
co;ard"iness= co;ardice
ear"ess= brave
($otions
T,)T>/+H,.
tortin#holik
adj
n
shy= bashu"
ti$idity= shyness
&e"->$a!e
BM9T
uyatchang
uyat#hanglik
n
!d<
n
sha$e= sense o sha$e
b!2-ul@ 2y
ti$idity= shyness
&e"->$a!e
15*
Emotion
KODNG:L
ko'ngilli
ko'ngilsi"
ko'ngilsi"lik
n
adj R 9N Q
adj
n
2e!rt 9-i";@ -eelin"@ emotion@ pirit
havin! a N heart
happy= cheeru" C$o$ent= eventG
unhappy C$o$ent= eventG
annoyance= troub"e +ircu$st#
2>L n heart Ci!G
!on-dil
jon-di"Ii bi"an
heart and sou"
;ith a"" oneJs heart
6ita"
ichidan in oneJs heart= to onese" Location
HAYA4ON
haya!onli
haya!onlan-
haya!onlantir-
n
hayajon!a @e"-
adj
v#int
v#t
e>$itement@ emotion@ !"it!tion
!et e'cited
e'cited
be $oved= !et e'cited
$ove= e'cite

.9M/9- v#int !et e'cited 4roperties
+H,J:- v#int R /NI!a Q
/NI!a QIib @et-
sin@ in N
be deep in N= be "ost in NCSthou!htsG
4rocesses
&ADS:R
ta'sirli
ta'sirlan-
ta'sirlantir-
ta'sir#han
T99&&B),T
n
/MI!a 9N Q Ao"dir-
adj
v#int
v#t
adj
n
/MI!a 9N Q Ao"dir-
in"uence= eect
impreion
$a@e a N i$pression on M
in"uentia"
be touched= be $oved
touch= $ove
easi"y touched= $oved
i$pressionCsG= re"ections
$a@e a N i$pression on M
(ntities

RUH
ruhlan-
ruhlantir-
ruhli
ruhsi"
ruhsi"lan-
ruhsi"lantir-
n
ruhIi tushib @et-
ruhIini @oJtir-
v#int
v#t
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
oul@ pirit@ ment!l t!te
!et depressed= "ose heart
@eep oneJs spirit up
rouse onese"= bestir onese"
sti$u"ate= inspire= raise oneJs $ora"
in !ood spirits= u"" o vita"ity
in "o; spirits= out o sorts
!et de$ora"i0ed= "o;-spirited
de$ora"i0e= depress
&pirit
:9M%
kayfsi"
kayfsi"lan-
kayfiyat
n
@ayIi cho!J D ya'shi
@ayIi uch-
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
v#int
n
$ood= state o $ind= spirits= hu$our
drun@enness= enjoy$ent
be in !ood spirits= in a !ood $ood
ee" disappointed
a$use N
in "o; spirits
be in "o; spirits
at$osphereT ra$e o $ind

2>M,GJ
dimog'dor
n
adj
$ood= hu$our
arro!ant= proud
8ody
&e"->$a!e
@oJn!"Ii @oJtari"- ta@e resh heart 4rocesses
@oJn!"Ii yari$CtaG be depressed .uantity
155
M9JMB&
ma'yuslik
ma'yuslan-
ma'yuslantir-
ma'yusona
adj
n
v#int
v#t
adv
dejected= dispirited= disheartened
despair
despair= !et dispirited= disheartened
drive to despair= dispirit= dishearten
dispirited"y

)A)NUN
mamnuniyat
!d<
/C!aniGNIdan Q boJ"-
$a$nun Ai"-
n
!ti-ied@ ple!ed
be satisied ;ith N= be p"eased ;ith N
p"ease= satisy
satisaction

.,/-
ondir-
oniish
oniarli
oniarsi"
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#t
n
adj
ad
be satisied ;ith N
satisy
satisaction
satisactory
unsatisactoryC"yG
,pinion
.9/,9T
anoatli
anoatlan-
anoatlantir-
anoatlanarli
n
adj
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
adj
satisaction= patience
content ;ith oneJs "ot
be content ;ith N= be satisied ;ith N
satisy
satisactory

@oJn!i"da!ide@ satisactori"y
&H>)>/
shirin#hilik
adj
n
s;eet C"DG
nice= p"easant at$osphere
%ood
T9T>- v#int R /NI!a Q taste nice to N C"DG %ood
L9LL9T
la""atlan-
n
6NIib Q Ai"-
v#int R 6NIib Q
taste= "avour
p"easure
enjoy N
enjoy N
%ood
ROHA&
rohatli
rohatlan-
n
adj
v#int G IABib C
ple!ure
$om-ort@ pe!$e@ ret
p"easant= peaceu"= co$ortab"e
"et ple!ure@ $om-ort@ pe!$e@ en<oy Ain"

HBLB)
hu"urlan-
hu"urli
n
6NIib Q top
hu0ur Ai"-Det-
v#int
adj
p"easureT co$ort= rest
enjoy Nin!
enjoy= !et p"easure= co$ort= rest
enjoy= !et p"easure= co$ort= rest
p"easin!= co$ortab"e

hu"ur-halovat
Q Ai"-
p"easure
be p"eased

@oJn!"Ii och-
@oJn!i" ochish
enjoy onese"
recreation= distraction
4rocesses
T,M,&H9 n
tomo2! KilE
2!ve -un@ !mue oneel-@ t!7e ! troll
9rt
N9i2;ABni y!>2i 7oDrE li7e A ,pinion
/CishGNIni 'ush @oJr- "i@e N= appreciate N ($otions
YOFE
yotir-
yoqimli
yoqimsiz
yoimtoy
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t
!d<
!d<
adj
be ple!in" to A@ !ppe!l to A
suit N= be beneicia" to N
p"ease
ple!!nt@ ple!in"
unple!!nt@ unple!in"
p"easant CpersonG
)e"ations
&,JL>M adj p"easant
151
2>L:9&H
2>L89)
adj
adj
n
enchantin!= char$in!= jo""y
char$in!= attractive Co a ;o$anG
s;eetheart= dar"in! Co a ;o$anG
($otions
L9T,%9T
latofatli
n
adj
char$= reine$ent
char$in!= reined

ROZ:
ro"ilik
noro"i
noro"ilik
!d< G NABd!n C
ro0i Ai"-
n
adj
n
ple!ed@ !ti-ied =it2 A
p"ease= satisy Ca personG
satisaction
disp"eased= dissatisied
disp"easure= dissatisaction
,pinion
M9J.BL adj
/NI!a Q tush-
p"easab"e
p"ease N
9uthority
NABni NYBd!n y!>2i 7oDrE pre-er A to Y ,pinion
/NIni /MIdan a0a" @oJr- preer N to M ,pinion
M9ML n R /NI!a QIi inc"ination= aspiration to;ards N= ;ish Moda"ity
)9GJ89T
rag'batlan-
rag'batlantir-
n
v#int
v#t
inc"ination= "i@in!= desire
be interested= be $otivated
interest= $otivate
Moda"ity
NB&H n
/NI!a QIi @e"- D bor
adj
"i@in!= taste
p"ease N
!ood= p"easant= p"easin!

M9L9
bema"a
n
6NIib Q Ai"-
$a0aIsi Aoch-
adj
taste= "avour
de"i!ht= interest
enjoy Nin!
do not ee" ;e""
borin!= tedious
%ood
L96.
"avlan-
"avli
n
6NIib Q o"-
v#int
adj
$ood to enjoy= interest
enjoy Nin!= de"i!ht in Nin!
be u"" o 0est= be ;ith @een p"easure
passionate= enthusiastic

&H96.
shavli
shavsi"
shavlan-
shavlantir-
n
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
passion= desire
passionate
desire"ess= passion"ess
be passionate
passionate

"av-shav passion
>&HT>M,. n passion= stron! desire= ea!erness
(HT>),& n passion
&,GJ>/-
sog'in#h
sog'in#hli
v#t
n
adj
$iss= "on! or
"on!in!= nosta"!ia
"on!in!= nosta"!ic
%ee"in!s
%>),. n separationT nosta"!ia &ocia"
?9L8 n R /NIni Q /MI!a et-DAi"- attract N= dra; N to M
T,)T- v#t attract= dra; C"DG
9?,M>8 adj ;onderu"= $arve""ous
char$in!
,pinion
4OZ:BA
!o"ibali
n
adj
!ttr!$tivene@ $2!rm
attractive= char$in!

157
!o"ibador adj attractive= char$in!
?,/,/ n beautiu" ;o$an= beauty ,pinion
M9%TB/
maftunlik
$atun boJ"-
$atun Ai"-
n
be ascinated= be be;itched
ascinate= be;itch
ascination

F:Z:F
qiziq-
qiziqish
i"itir-
qiziqarli
i"iuv#hi
!d<
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
D /N bi"an Q
n G NAB"! C
C@attaG Ai0iAish bi"an
v#t
!d<
Ai0iAar"i Ai"-
n R /NI!a Q
interestin!
!muin"@ -unny
be intereted in A@ en<oy Ain"@ deli"2t in A
interet in A
;ith C!reatG interest
interest= ascinate
interetin"@ e>$itin"
arouse interest
curious about= @een on N
4roperties
($otions
M9),.
maroli
n
$aroA bi"an
adj
interest
;ith interest
interestin!

H969&
havaskor
havaslan-
n
/CishGNI!a Q Ai"-
n
v#int R QIib +N
interest= hobby
be interested in N= be @een on N
;ish= desire
an= a$ateur= di"etant
do N ;ith re"ish= ;ith !usto
Moda"ity
BAR:B:R !d G NAB"! C !ll t2e !me 9-or A; 4rocesses
8>)29M ad R /NI!a Q a"" the sa$e Cor NG )e"ations
L,.9M2
loaydlik
adj
n
indierent
indierence

%9).
befar
n
arAi yoJA
adj
dierence
no dierence= it doesnJt $atter
indierent
)e"ations
N9i2;ABni yomon 7oDrE 2!te A@ dili7e A ,pinion
/NIni @oJra o"$a- dis"i@e N= hate N 4erception
NA(RA&
nafratli
nafratlan-
n
/NI!a Q bi"an Aara-
adj
v#int G NABd!n C
2!tred@ lo!t2in"@ di"ut
hate N= "oathe N= despise N
hateu"= detestab"e= dis!ustin!T hatred
2!te A@ lo!t2e A@ depie A
%ee"in!s
?>):9/-
!irkantir-
!irkan#h
M>)G9/-
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
n
v#int R /NIdan Q
be repe""ed by N= be dis!usted by N
repe"= dis!ust
dis!ust= revu"sion= "oathin!
be repe""ed by N= be dis!usted by N

ZER:KE
"eriktir-
zerikarli
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
!d<
be -ed up =it2 A@ tired o- A
be bored
bore= ;ear out
borin"@ tediou@ =e!riome

8(L,) /NIdan Q boJ"-
be0or Ai"-
be ed up ;ith N= be annoyed ;ith N
annoy= p"a!ue

jondan toJy- be ed up 6ita"
/NI!a @oJn!"Ii te!- be tired o N ($otions
F:Z:F
i"i#hilik
!d<
n
!muin"@ -unny
jo@e= jest
($otions
15-
MBM,)
yumorist
yumoristik
n
n
adj
hu$our
hu$orist
hu$orous= co$ic

H9?6
ha!viy
n
adj
hu$our= satire
hu$orous= satiric

HAZ:L
ha"illash-
ha"ilkash
n
ha0i" Ai"-
v#int
n
<o7e@ <et
jo@e= jest
jo@e= jest
jo@er

()M9: n
/NIni Q Ai"-
a$use$ent= un
$a@e un o N= "au!h at N

M9L9N n R /NIni Q Ai"- po@e un at N= $a@e un o N 9ppraisa"
@u"!i!a Ao"- be "au!hed at= $a@e a oo" o o#s# ($otions
:BLG>L> adj
@u"!i"i boJ"-
$a@in! one "au!h= ridicu"ousT co$ic= unny
!et ridicu"ous
9ppraisa"

KU&E
kutil-
kutilmaganlik
v#t
v#int
@uti"$a!an
n
e>pe$t
be e'pected
une'pected
surprise
,pinion
/CishGNI!a @oJ0Ii yet- see throu!h that N= e'pect N ,pinion
o"dindan @oJr- oresee= anticipate ,pinion
HAYRA&
hayratlan-
HAYRON
hayronlik
n
QIda Ao"dir-D QI!a so"-
v#int
adj R /NI!a Q
2!yron boDlE?KolE
hayron Ai"-DAo"dir-
n
urprie@ !m!Hement@ =onder
surprise= astonish= a$a0e
be surprised= astonished= be a$a0ed
surprised= astonished= a$a0ed at N
be urpried@ !toni2ed@ !m!Hed
be di00y= be at a "oss
surprise= astonish= a$a0e
surprise= astonish$ent= a$a0e$ent

9?98
a!ablan-
a!ablantir-
a!ablanarli
a!abo
T99??B8
taa!!ublan-
taa!!ublanarli
adj
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
adj
int R Q +N
adj R /NI!a Q boJ"-DAo"-
n
v#int
adj
stran!e= surprisin!= odd= e'traordinary
;onder at N= be astonished= a$a0ed at N
a$a0e= astonish
surprisin!= astonishin!
it is very surprisin!= N
be surprised= astonished at N
surprise= astonish$ent
be surprised= astonished
surprisin!= astonishin!

G9/G>)9- v#int be astounded= be a$a0ed= be disconcerted
(&9/:>)9- v#int be di00y= be disconcerted
U):8
umidlan-
umidsi"
umidsi"lik
umidsi"lan-
n
N9i2;ABni C KilE
+N deb Q bo!J"a-DAi"-
/NIdan QIini u0-
6NIish uchun QIi bor
v#int R +N deb Q
adj
n
u$idsi0"i@@a tush-
v#int R /NIdan Q
2ope@ =i2@ e>pe$t!tion
2ope to A
hope that N
"ose hope or N
have hope or N
hope that N
hope"ess
despair
despair= "ose hope
despair o N= "ose hope or N

110
umidsi"lantir-
umidvor
v#t
adj
discoura!e= dishearten
hopeu"
ORZU
or"umand
n
6NIishni Q Ai"-
adj R /CishGNI!a Q
deire@ !pir!tion@ 2ope@ =i2@ dre!m
;ish to N= hope that N= drea$ o Nin!
hopeu" about N= desirous o N
Moda"ity
/NIdan @oJn!"Ii Ao"-
@oJn!"Ii Ao"dir-
be disappointed ;ith N= ta@e oence at N
disappoint N

FODRFE
o'rit-
qo'rquv
o'rin#h
o'rin#hli
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
/NIni QIib yubor-
n
n
adj
be !-r!id o- A@ -e!r A
ri!hten
ri!hten N= scare N
-e!r
ear= terror
ri!htnin!= earu"= terriyin!= scary
+haracter
H92>:
hadiksira-
hadiksirat-
n
v#int
v#t
ear
be araid= ;orry
ri!hten= $a@e ;orry

M,T&>)9- v#int be inti$idated= @eep out
HB):-
hurkit-
v#int
hur@ib @et-
v#t
!et ri!htened
ju$p ;ith ri!ht
ri!hten

H9M89TL>
89H9M89T
adj
adj
or$idab"e= ri!htnin!= earso$e
co"ossa"= hu!eT or$idab"e= ri!htnin!=
earso$e
,pinion
69H>M9
vahimali
vahima#hi
n
vahi$a!a bos-Dtush-
/NIni Q Ai"-
/NIni QI!a so"-
adj
n
terror= panic= ear
be sei0ed ;ith terror= !et into a panic
cause N to panic
ri!hten N= terriy N
terriyin!= horriyin!
a"ar$ist

29H&H9T
dahshatli
n
dahshat o"tida Ao"-
dahshat so"-
adj
ear= terror= horror
threat
be terriied
terrori0e
terriyin!= threatenin!
+on"ict
T()),) n
terror Ai"-
terror
terrori0e
+on"ict

T9&H6>&H
tashvishli
tashvishsi"
betashvish
tashvishlan-
tashvishlantir-
n
/C!aniGN uchun QI!a tush-
tashvish!a so"-
adj
adj
adj
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
;orry= troub"e= an'iety
be ;orried= troub"ed by N= be an'ious
;orry= troub"e
;orry= troub"ed= an'ious
ree o ;orries= untroub"ed
ree o ;orries= untroub"ed
be =orried@ troubled by A@ be !n>iou
=orry@ trouble@ bot2er

N96,T>)
$avotirli
$avotirlan-
$avotirlantir-
n
/C!aniGN uchun Q boJ"-
adj
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
;orry= an'iety
be ;orried= a"ar$ed by N
;orryin!= a"ar$in!
be ;orried= a"ar$ed by N
;orry= a"ar$

111
8(L,6T9
be"ovtalik
be"ovtalan-
n R be0ovta boJ"-
beHovt! KilE
n
v#int
be an'ious= troub"ed= perturbed= disturbed
$a@e an'ious= troub"e
diturb@ bot2er
an'iety= troub"e
be an'ious= troub"ed

&9),&>M9
sarosimalik
n
sarosi$a boJ"-
QIda Ao"- D QI!a tush-
sarosi$a Ai"- D QI!a so"-
n
troub"e= conusion= he"p"essness
be !et troub"ed= conused
!et troub"ed= conused
troub"e= conuse= disturb
state o conusion

,J/GJ9M&>L
o'ng'aysi"lan-
adj
v#int
uneasy= conused
ee" uneasy= !et conused
+ircu$st#
GJBLGJBL9 n
!Ju"!Ju"a so"-
conusion= troub"e= disarray
cause conusion= so; conusion

8(+H,)9 adj he"p"ess= distrau!ht Manner
2>..9T /C!aniGN uchun Q boJ"- be ;orried= an'ious about N Manner
N96%L9/-
N96%&>)9-
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
apprehend N= ;orry about N
apprehend N= ;orry about N
+ircu$st#
NB/,8 adj
'unob boJ"-
'unob Ai"-
nervous= uneasy= ;orried
ee" nervous= uneasy= !et ;orried
$a@e nervous= ;orry

8,&- v#t oppress= overco$e 4rocesses
@oJn!"Ii toJ@ ree o an'iety= ca"$
M(/G>LL9&H-
yengillashtir-
v#int
v#t
be re"ieved
re"ieve
4roperties

BAA&
ba$tli
baxtsiz
baxtiyor
badba$t
n
adj
!d<
!d<
adj
"ood -ortune@ lu$7@ 2!ppine
ortunate= "uc@y= happy CpersonG
un-ortun!te@ unlu$7y@ un2!ppy
-ortun!te@ lu$7y@ 2!ppy 9moment@ event;
unortunate= un"uc@y= unhappy
+ircu$st#
&9,29T
saodatli
n
adj
happiness= ;e""-bein!
happy= prosperous
4ossession
ba$t-saodat
ba$t-saodatli
happy= prosperous
4ossession
AURSAN8
$ursandlik
$ursand#hilik
!d< G N9"!ni;ABd!n C
IABib C boDlE
'ursand Ai"-
n
n
2!ppy@ "l!d !bout A@ <oy-ul@ $2eer-ul
be "l!d@ deli"2ted t2!t A@ re<oi$e t2!t A
de"i!ht
happiness= joy
rejoicin!

&H,2
shodon
shodlik
shodlan-
adj
adj
n
v#int
happy= !"ad= jo""y= $erry
happy= !"ad= jo""y= $erry
2!ppine@ <oy@ <ollity@ merriment
rejoice= be !"ad= de"i!hted

+H,GJ
#hog'lik
adj R vaAtIi cho!J
n R vaAtIi cho!J"i@
happy= cheeru"
happiness= cheeru"ness

NB&H+H9.+H9. adj cheeru"= jo""y= $erry
SEI:NE
sevintir-
v#int G NABd!n C
v#t
re<oi$e !t A@ be "l!d@ deli"2ted =it2 A
de"i!ht
%ee"in!s
112
sevin#h n rejoicin!= joy= de"i!ht
.B6,/-
uvon#h
uvon#hli
.B6/9-
uvno
uvnolik
v#int R /NIdan Q
6NIib Q
n
Auvonch bi"an
adj
v#int
adj
n
rejoice at N
rejoice on Nin!
rejoicin!= joy= p"easure
;ith p"easure
joyu"= heartenin!
rejoice
!"ad= happy
joy= happiness

GDA)
g'amli
g'amgin
g'amginlik
beg'am
beg'amlik
n
!Ja$ che@-Dtort-
/NInin! QIini ye-
adj
!d<
n
adj
n
orro=@ !dne@ "rie-
=orry@ trouble@ !n>iety
so"icitude= consideration
be sad= be depressed= be ;orried
be ;orry about N= be an'ious
sad= depressed= sorro;u"
!d@ orro=@ mel!n$2oli$
sadness= sorro;= $e"ancho"y
careree= ee"in! easy
unconcern
%ee"in!s
.9MGJB
qayg'uli
ayg'usi"
ayg'ur-
n
/C!aniGN uchun Q tort-
Aay!Ju!a so"-
!d<
adj
v#int R /C!aniGN uchun Q
sorro;= sadness
sorro; over N= !rieve over N
sadden= !rieve
!d@ orro=-ul 9people@ event;
careree= ree o ;orries
sorro; over N= !rieve over N
sho; so"icitude or N= "oo@ ater N %ee"in!s
H9&)9T
hasratli
hasratlan-
n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
adj
v#int
!rie= sorro;
!rieve N
!rieved= sad
!rieve

/NI!a rah$Ii @e"CdiG- ee" sorry or N %ee"in!s
Aon yut- nurse a !rievance= suer !reat sorro; 6ita"
N,MB&H adj sad= si"ent
9L9M n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
a"a$ tort-
pain= suerin!= bitterness
$a@e N suer= annoy N
suer

:BL%9T n
/NI!a Q @e"tir-
distress= troub"e
cause distress= troub"e to N

49)>&H,/
parishonlik
adj R @oJn!"Ii Q
n
upset= disturbed
upset

AA(A
$afalik
$afa&gar'#hilik
!d< G NABd!n C
/NIdan Q boJ"-
'aa Ai"-
n
n
upet !t A@ o--ended by A@ !nnoyed =it2 A@
un2!ppy !bout A
beCco$eG upset= oended= annoyed ;ith N
upset= oend= annoy= distress= !rieve
upset= oence Cta@enG= unhappiness=
disappoint$ent
upset= unhappiness

)9/?>-
ran!it-
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t R ranjitib AoJy-
be oended by N= upset at N= hurt by N
oend= upset= hurt

GJ9L98 n
!Ja0abIi @e"-
/NInin! QIini @e"tir-
an!er= ra!e= ury
!et an!ry= urious
$a@e N an!ry= urious

113
g'a"abli
g'a"ablan-
g'a"ablantir-
darg'a"ab
adj
v#int
v#t
adj
an!ry= urious
!et an!ry= urious= indi!nant
$a@e an!ry= urious= indi!nant
an!ry= urious= oended
9+H+H>.
a#h#hilan-
a#h#hilantir-
a#h#hilash-
n
Q Ai"- D achchiAIi @e"-
/NInin! QIini @e"tir-
achchi!JIi te0 D yo$on
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
v#int
bitterness= an!er
!et an!ry= bitter
$a@e N an!ry= bitter
Auic@-te$pered= irritab"e
!et an!ry ;ith D at D about N
$a@e an!ry= bitter
!et an!ry at each other= Auarre"
%ood
4AHL
!ahlli
!ahldor
bad!ahl
n
9NABd!n; <!2lBi $2iKE
/NInin! QIini chiAar-
adj
adj
adj
!n"er@ temper
"et !n"ry 9!t A;@ loe oneD temper
$a@e N an!ry= $a@e N "ose oneJs te$per
an!ry= irritated
Auic@-te$pered= irascib"e
an!ry= cross

.9H)
ahrli
ahrlan-
n
adj
v#int
an!er
an!ry= irritated
!et an!ry= "ose oneJs te$per

.>L>- v#int !et an!ry 4roperties
.9M/9- 6#int boi"= !et an!ry 4roperties
eJ"Ii ayni- !et upset +haracter
8BL- v#t
eJ"Iini bu0-
upset
!et an!ry= "ose oneJs ta$per
4rocesses
jonIi chiA-
jonIini chiAar-
!et urious
annoy= troub"e= bother
&pirit
jonIi!a te!- na!= bother= annoy &pirit
/NInin! boshIini o!Jrit- bother N 8ody
:BM2>)-
:BM>/-
v#t
v#int
an!er= annoy= cause troub"e
suer= be !rieved
&ubstances
.>L9)- v#int R /NInin! yu0Ii Q turn red= b"ush 4roperties
8,JL9)- v#int !ro; pa"e 6ita"
KULE
kuldir-
kulgi
kulimsira-
v#int
v#t
n
v#int
l!u"2
$a@e "au!h
"au!hter
s$i"e

N9N,L9- v#int roar ;ith "au!hter
T989&&BM n
tabassu$ Ai"-
s$i"e
s$i"e

>L?9M- v#int s$i"e= !rin
4:L)AYE v#int mile
M>GJ>
Y:GDLAE
yig'lat-
M>GJL,.
n
yig'i-sig'i
v#int
/NIdan Q
v#t
n
;eepin!= cryin!= sobbin!
;eepin! and ;ai"in!
=eep@ $ry@ ob
cry ;ith D about N
$a@e cry
;hiner
6ita"
113
H>.>LL9- v#int
hiAi""ab yi!J"a-
sob
sob

,J:>)- v#int cry "oud"yT ho;" 6ita"
H,J/G)9- v#int
hoJn!rab yi!J"a-
;eep "oud"y
;eep "oud"y

>/G)9- v#int !roan
oh ur- D tort- $oan= !roan= si!h
N,J)&>/- v#int si!h
11*
A$tion !nd )od!lity
6ill@ Ability !nd Ne$eity
KELE N9"i;ABi C -eel li7e Ain"@ "et A9y; Motion
:S&AE
istak
v#t G N9i2;ABni C
istar-istamas
n R /CishGNI!a Q
deire A@ =!nt A@ =i2 A
re"uctant"y
aspiration= desire= ;ish or N

AOHLAE
$ohlov#hi
AOH:SH
v#t G N9i2;ABni C
'oh"a$asdan
n
n G N9i2;AB"! C
'ohishIini bajo @e"tir-
=!nt A= =i2 A@ deire A
re"uctant"y
vo"unteer
=i2@ !pir!tion@ deire -or A
satisy oneJs ;ish= desire

>NT>M,)
i$tiyoriy
i$tiyorli
i$tiyorsi"
bei$tiyor
n
adj
adj
ad
adj
;i""
vo"untary= o oneJs ree ;i""
vo"untary
invo"untaryC"yGT co$pe""ed
invo"untaryC"yGT co$pe""ed

H969&
havasmand
n
/NIda /CishGMI!a QIi bor
adj
;ish= desire
CNG have desire or M
easi"y !ettin! carried a;ay
($otions
/9%& n desire= !reed= "ust %ee"in!s
ORZU n
6NIishni Q Ai"-
deire@ !pir!tion@ 2ope@ =i2@ dre!m
;ish to N= hope that N= drea$ o Nin!
($otions
MB&HT,.
mushtolik
adj
n
desired= hi!h"y-coveted
desire= covetousness

H9%&9L9
kamhafsala
n
adj
desire= ;ish
inert= passive

&:LAE
tilak
v#t G NYB"! N9i2;ABni C
n
=i2 A 9-or Y;
;ish
%ee"in!s
M9ML n R /NI!a QIi inc"ination= aspiration to;ards N= ;ish ($otions
)9GJ89T
rag'batlan-
rag'batlantir-
n
v#int
v#t
inc"ination= "i@in!= desire
be interested= be $otivated
interest= $otivate
($otions
>/T>L- v#int R /CishGNI!a Q have a "eanin! to;ards N= endeavour to N 4rocesses
/CishGNI!a @oJ0Ii Aiy$a- be re"uctant to N 4rocesses
()>/- v#int R /CishGN uchun Q be un;i""in! to N= re"uctant to N +haracter
9)9/G adv ;ith diicu"tyT re"uctant"y +ircu$st#
/CishGNI!a be" bo!J"a- $a@e up oneJs $ind to N 8ody
oJ0-oJ0idan
oJ0-oJ0icha
spontaneous"y
!o oneJs o;n

jon deb +N ea!er"y "oo@in! or;ard to N
:,J/G>L
ko'ngilli
6NIish uchun QIi bor
6NIish!a QIi tort$a-
adj
be ;i""in! to N
be un;i""in! to N
vo"untary
($otions
115
FA&D:Y
at'iylik
at'iylash-
at'iyat
at'iyatli
at'iyatsi"
!d<
adv
/CishiGNIdan Q na0ar
n
v#int
n
adj
adj
-irm@ reolute@ determined
thorou!h"y= reso"ute"y
re!ard"ess o N= irrespective o N
ir$ness= reso"ution= deter$ination
!et reso"ute= deter$ined
reso"ute= deter$ined
;i""po;er= deter$ination
irreso"ute= undecided
+haracter
/NIda AattiA tur- persist in N 4roperties
6,L n R /NIdan Q @ech- abandon N= renounce N= !ive up N
.9MT- v#int R /NIdan Q rerain ro$ N Motion
/CishGNIdan boJyin tov"a- rerain ro$ N 8ody
T>M-
tiyil-
v#t
v#int
ho"d bac@= restrain
ho"d o

T9&HL9- v#t
tash"ab @et-
!ive up= stop
!ive up= stop
4ossession
4URDA& n
N9i2;AB"! C etE?KilE
/N uchun Q et-DAi"-
darin!= deter$ination
d!re A
be bo"d= darin! in N
+haracter
8,T>/- v#int R 6NIish uchun Q dare N
FAROR
bearor
n
IABi2"! C KilE
/N haAida Q chiAar-
Aaror!a @e"-
adj
de$iion@ reolution
de$ide to A
adopt a decision about N
$a@e up oneJs $ind
undecidedT ic@"e= inconstant

:KK:LANE
ikkilanuv#hi
v#int
i@@i"anish
i@@i"an$asdan D i@@i"an$ay
n
2eit!te@ be unde$ided
hesitation
;ithout hesitation
hesitant= ;averin!
.uantity

FOB:L:YA&
obiliyatli
obiliyatsi"
obiliyatsi"lik
n
/NIda /CishGM QIi bor
adj
adj
n
$!p!$ity@ $!p!bility@ !bility
CNG have the abi"ity or M
capab"e= co$petent= ab"e
incapab"e= inco$petent
inco$petence

>&T(J2,2
iste'dodli
n
adj
ta"ent= acu"ty= abi"ity
ta"ented= ab"e

T9L9/T
talantli
talantsi"
n
adj
adj
ta"ent
ta"ented
unta"ented

.,2>)
odirlik
adj
/CishGNI!a Q
n
ab"e
be ab"e to N
abi"ity

L9M,.9T
layoatli
layoatsi"
layoatsi"lik
n
adj
n
adj
abi"ity= capabi"ity
ab"e= capab"e
incapab"e
inabi"ity

&HB2L>
/,&HB2
adj
adj
capab"e= co$petent
incapab"e= inco$petent= c"u$sy

/,J/,. adj c"u$sy= a;@;ard= inapt
111
no'nolik n c"u$siness= a;@;ardness= inaptitude
OLE v#t
IAB! C
ta@e
$!n A
4ossession
B:LE v#t
IABi2ni C
IAB! CE
@no;
7no= 2o= to A
7no= 2o= to A
:no;"ed!e
B&T9
ustalik
adj R /NI!a Q
n
e'pert in N= s@i""ed in N
$astery= s@i""s
:no;"ed!e
T(N/>:9 n techniAue= art= s@i"" :no;"ed!e
HB/9) n crat= handicrat= proession= trade
s@i""= ta"ent
<or@
:no;"ed!e
M9H,)9T
mahoratli
mahoratsi"
M,H>)
mohirlik
mohirona
n
adj
adj
adj
n
adv
s@i""= $astery= technica" abi"ity
hi!h"y s@i""ed= $aster"y
uns@i""ed
s@i"u"= $aster"y= c"ever
s@i""
s@i"u""y= $asteru""y= c"ever"y
:no;"ed!e
M9L9:9
malakali
n
adj
Aua"iications
Aua"iied= s@i""ed
:no;"ed!e
:,JL n
/NInin! QIini bi"-
;ay to do so$ethin!
@no; ;e"" ho; to do N
8ody
boshIi !aran! boJ"-
/NInin! boshIini !aran! Ai"-
do not @no; ;hat to do
bother N
Hea"th
L949&H9/G adj s"u!!ish= s"o;
)U)K:N !d<
NA IYBi2i C
$u$@in Aadar
poible
9Y; be poible -or A
to the best o oneJs abi"ity
(ntities
:no;"ed!e
BODLE v#int G IABi2 C 9A; be poible (ntities
/NI!a @uchIi yet- be in oneJs po;er to N %orces
/NI!a AoJ"Iidan @e"- be in position to N=
have abi"ity in N
8ody
(4 n R /CishGNInin! QIi possibi"ity= opportunity to N
,?>L,/9 ad he"p"essC"yG= po;er"essC"yG Hea"th
'udo 'oh"asa i God ;i""s &pirit

&ANLAE
tanlan-
tanlov
v#t
tan"ab o"-
tan"ash
v#int
n
$2ooe@ ele$t
pic@ up
choice
be chosen= se"ected
co$petition= se"ection

&9)9L9- v#t
sara"ab o"-
sort
se"ect= pic@ up

&9ML9- v#t
say"ab o"-
e"ect= vote or= choose
choose= se"ect
&ociety
NABnin" oMrni"! inte!d o- A Location
():
erkin
n
!d
reedo$= "iberty
-ree9ly;

117
erkinlik
erksi"
n
adj
-reedom@ liberty
orced= co$pe""edT ;ithout "iberty
OZO8
o"odlik
o"odla-
!d<
o0od boJ"-
/NIni /MIdan Q Ai"-
n
o0od"i@@a chiA-
o0od"i@@a chiAar-
v#t
-ree@ liber!ted@ em!n$ip!ted
be reed= "iberated= e'e$pted
ree= "iberate= e'e$pt N ro$ M
reedo$= "iberation= e$ancipation
!et oneHs reedo$
ree= e$ancipate
ree= "iberate

HB)
hurlik
hurriyat
adj
n
n
ree
reedo$
reedo$= "iberty

MB&T9.>L
mustaqillik
>&T>.L,L
adj
n
n
independent
independen$e
independence

96T,/,M
avtonomiya
adj
n
autono$ous
autono$y

MBNT,)
mu$toriyat
adj
n
autono$ous
autono$y

N9L,&
$aloskor
/NIdan Q boJ"-
/NIdan Q Ai"-
n
be re"ieved= !et rid o N= be reed ro$ N
re"ieve= ree ro$ N
"iberator= saviour

.BTBL-
utultir-
v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan Aochib Q
be re"eased= brea@ a;ay= ree o#s# ro$ N
escape N= "ee N= brea@ a;ay ro$ N
re"ease= ree= "iberate N ro$ M

M9?8B)
majburiy
ma!buriyat
ma!buran
adj R 6NIish!a Q boJ"-
$ajbur Ai"-
!d<
n
adv
be orced= co$pe""ed= ob"i!ed to N
orce= co$pe"= ob"i!e
$ompulory@ obli"!tory
ob"i!ation= constraint
duty
;i""y-ni""yT by orce

L,J)L9- v#t R /NIni /CishGMI!a Q orce= co$pe"= ob"i!e N to M %orces
T,J&.>/
to'sinlik
n
/NI!a Q bo"-
/NI!a Q Ai"-
obstac"e= hindrance
hinder N= be an obstac"e to N
hinder N= ro$ N
4rocesses
AALAF:& n
N9i2;AB"! C berE
hindrance= troub"e
2inder A@ prevent -rom A@ inter-ere in A

BODSH
bo'shla-
!d<
v#int
e$pty= void
-ree 9time@ people;@ v!$!nt 9p!$e;
beco$e e$pty= be ree
4roperties
BAN8 !d<
band boJ"-
band Ai"-
buy@ en"!"ed@ t!7en 9p!$e@ people;
be busy
occupyT rentT reserve

v!KtBi bor ?? yoDK 2!ve time ?? no time
/CishGNI!a AoJ"Ii te!$a- have no ti$e or N 4rocesses

&ODGDR: !d< G N9i2;AB"! C 7elE it i uit!ble to A
it i ne$e!ry to A
)e"ations
:no;"ed!e
KERAK n
!d< G NAB"! NY C
necessity= need
9A; need Y

11-
kerakli
keraksi"
keraklik
NA IYBi2i C
@era!icha
adj
adj
n
9A; mut Y
as necessary= as reAuired
necessary= needed
unnecessary
necessity= need= reAuire$ent
LOZ:) n
!d< G NAB"! NY C
NA IYBi2i C
necessity= need= reAuire$ent
9A; need Y
9A; mut Y

ZARUR
"arurlik
"arurat
zaruriyat
!d<
n
n
n
ne$e!ry@ eenti!l
necessity
necessity= need
ne$eity@ need

L,)>.- v#int R /NI!a Q be in !reat need o N
29):,) n
adj R /NI!a /M Q
necessity= need
CMG be necessary= needed to N

&H9)T n
/N 6MIishi Q
condition Cnecessary or sthG
CNG have to M Ce$phaticG
(ntities
H,?9T
ho!atli
ho!atsi"
n
/NInin! /MI!a QIi borDDyoJA
adj
adj
need= necessity= ur!e
N need M DD have no need o M
necessary
unnecessary

9&L, adv C;ith ne!#G not at a""= on no account= never
L>/H,) adv C;ith ne!#G on no account
&>)9 adv C;ith ne!#G never (vents
.9TJ>M9/ adv deinite"y Moda"ity
MBHT,?
muhto!si"
muhto!lik
adj
/NI!a Q CboJ"-G
adj
n
needy= in need
need N= be in need o N
;ithout any need
need

(HT>M,? n needs= de$ands
:(T- /M uchun /N Q need to ta@eDspend N or M Motion
BURCH
bur#hli
n
adj
duty@ obli"!tion
indebted

M9?8B)>M9T n duty Moda"ity
/9689T+H>
navbat#hilik
n
n
on dutyT !uard= ;atch$an
duty
9ction
170
A$t !nd Reult
F:LE
ilin-
ilmish
v#t
v#int
n
do@ m!7e@ per-orm
be done= be $ade= be peror$ed
action= conduct

:SH
ishla-
ishlat-
ish#han
n
/N bi"an QIi bor
ish @oJr- D tut-
/NIni QI!a osh-
v#int
v#t
adj
m!tter@ !--!ir@ buine@ t2in"
=or7@ <ob@ t!7
have business to do ;ith N
hand"e aairs= act
carry out N
=or7
$a@e sb to ;or@
use= uti"i0e= e$p"oy
hard-;or@in!= dyna$ic= resourceu"
(ntities
<or@
Manner
MBMB&H n ;or@= job= tas@ <or@
HARAKA&
harakat#han
harakatsi"
n
2!r!7!t KilE
Aarshi hara@at Ai"-
adj
adj
$ove$ent= $ove
!$tion
!$t
react
active
inactive
Motion
%9,L
faoliyat
faoliyatli
faoliyatsi"
adj
n
adj
adj
active
activity
active= o action
inactive

9M9L
amaliy
amaliyot
amalla-
n
a$a"da
a$a" Ai"-
NABni CB"! o2irE
adj
n
v#t
action= deeds
in practice
act
brin" !bout@ re!liHe A@ put A into e--e$t
practica"
practice
co$e throu!h a"" ri!ht= hand"e ;e""
9ction
Mind
T,M,/>29/ post R /NInin! Q by N Caction peror$ed thru NG Location
T9)9%>29/ post R /NInin! Q by N Caction peror$ed thru NG Location
8(:,) n= ad
be@or!a
be@or!a @et-
be7or KilE ? etE
nothin!
use"essCnessG= e$ptyCnessG
id"eCnessG
or nothin!= in vain
be in vain
$!n$el@ re$ind@ !nnul
(ntities
9ction
L,M( adv
0oye boJ"- D @et-
0oye Ai"-
in vain= at a "oss
be in vain= be ;asted
;aste= sAuander
Manner
8(HB29 adj use"ess= nonsensica" Meanin!
8(?>L ad
beji0 e$as
;ithout a reason= ai$"essC"yG
not ;ithout reason

UCHUN pot G N9i2;A C
/C!aniGN Q
-or A 9!7e?purpoe;@ in order to A
or N CreasonG= because o N
(ntities
/N deb +M M ;ith N in $ind= M or the sa@e o N Meanin!
171
N:YA& n
9N Q Ai"-
6NIish!a Q Ai"-
/NIni Q Ai"-
intention@ !im
$ean N= intend N
intend to N= $ean to N
ai$ N

)AFSA8
masadsi"
n
$aAsadIi!a yet-
$aAsad bi"an
adj
purpoe@ "o!l@ !im@ intention
achieve oneJs ai$
;ith a purpose
ai$"ess= purpose"ess

MB),2 n
$urodIi!a yet-
;ish= ai$
achieve oneJs ai$

M9/L>L n
$an0i"Ii!a yet-
!oa"= ai$
attain oneJs !oa"
Transport
GJ,M9
g'oyaviy
g'oyali
g'oyasi"
n
adj
adj
adj
idea"= ai$= object
idea"
;ith idea"s
;ith no idea"

/>&H,/
nishonla-
n
v#t
$ar@
tar!et= objective
achieve$ents= distinction
ai$ at= prepare to
Meanin!
?,J)TT9G9 adv de"iberate"y= intentiona""y
GJ9)9L
g'ara"li
g'ara"si"
n
6NIish!a Q Ai"-
ad
ad
se"-interestT Cevi"G desi!n= Ci""G intent
have evi" desi!ns= i"" intent to N
interestedT intentiona""y= de"iberate"y
disinterestedT unintentiona""y= inadvertent"y
%ee"in!s
.9&2
asdan
n
adv
Cevi"G desi!n T !rud!e
intentiona""y= de"iberate"y
%ee"in!s
L,M>H9
loyihala-
loyiha#hi
n
v#t
n
project= sche$e= p"an= desi!n
p"an= desi!n
desi!ner

)(?9
re!ali
re!asi"
re!alashtir-
n
/NIni QI!a o"-
adj
adj
v#t
p"an= project= drat
p"an N
p"anned
unp"anned
p"an

4),M(:T n project= desi!n
N,M9:> n drat
4L9/
planli
plansi"
planlashtir-
n
adj
adj
v#t
p"an"ashtirish
p"an
p"anned
unp"anned
p"an
p"annin!

M,JL?9L
mo'l!alla-
n
v#t
esti$ate= drat= p"an
esti$ate= drat= p"an

T9&H988B&
tashabbuskor
tashabbuskorlik
n
n
n
initiative= proposa"= eorts
initiator= insti!ator= pioneer
initiative= venture= underta@in!

o"dini o"- prevent= pre-e$pt
4),G)9MM9 n pro!ra$
172
),JL/,M9 n ne;spaper
journa"= a!enda
+o$$#
@un tartibi a!enda +ate!ory

KU&E
kutil-
kuttir-
v#t
v#int
v#t
=!it -or
e>pe$t
be ;aited or
@eep sb ;aitin!
,pinion
4,ML9-
poylat-
v#t
v#t
;ait or= a;ait
@eep sb ;aitin!
Manner
>/T>L,)
inti"orlik
adj R /CishGNI!a Q
/CishGNI!a Q boJ"-
inti0or Ai"-
n
ea!er"y= an'ious"y= i$patient"y a;aitin! N
a;ait N ea!er"y= an'ious"y= i$patient"y
ob"i!e to ;ait
;aitin! C;ith i$patienceG
+haracter
/9689T n
navbatda tur-
navbatda!i
turnT Aueue= "ine
stand in a "ine= in a Aueue
o""o;in!= ne't (vents
KODRE IABib C try to A@ !ttempt to A 4erception
BOFE IABib C try to A@ !ttempt to A 4erception
HARAKA& haraAat Ai"-
N9i2;A u$2un ?
IABi2"! C KilE?etE
act
ende!vour to A@ try to A
9ction
B)>/- v#int R 6NIish!a Q
6NIish!a QIib @oJr-
urinish
atte$pt to N= try to N
atte$pt to N= try to N
atte$pt= try

&:R:SHE
tirisho
v#int G IABi2 u$2un C
adj
try 2!rd to A@ ende!vour to A
hard;or@in!= di"i!ent= assiduous +haracter
0oJr ber- $a@e an eort= ta@e the troub"e to try %orces
>/T>L- v#int R /CishGNI!a Q have a "eanin! to;ards N= endeavour to N Moda"ity
GJ9M)9T
g'ayratlan-
g'ayratlantir-
n
/CishGN uchun Q Ai"-
v#int
v#t
ener!y= ;i""po;er= 0ea"
strive to N= endeavour to N
disp"ay vi!our= bestir onese"
raise sbJs spirit= cheer sb up
+haracter
>&H+H9/
ish#hanlik
adj
n
hard-;or@in!= dyna$ic= resourceu"
dyna$is$= resourceu"ness
9ction
.B/T n persistence= concentration
KURASHE v#int
N9i2;A u$2un C
;rest"e= i!ht
tru""le@ -i"2t@ trive -or A +on"ict
/,ML,2
nom"odlik
n
n
candidate
app"ication
&ociety
8(:,)
bekor#hi
bekor#hilik
n= ad
n
n
id"eCnessG
id"er= unoccupied person
id"eness= inactivity
9ction

&AYYOR
tayyorla-
!d<
tayyor boJ"-
tayyor Ai"-
v#t
re!dy@ prep!red
be ready= !et ready= !et prepared
prepare
prep!re

173
tayyorlan-
tayyorlik
tayyorgarlik
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
n
n
prep!re 9o#; -or A@ "et re!dy -or A
preparations
preparationsT readiness
H,L>)
ho"irlik
ho"irla-
ho"irlan-
adv R Q CboJ"-G
n
/NI!a Q @oJr-
v#t
v#int R /NI!a Q
be present= be ready
preparations
!et ready or N
prepare= !et ready
prepare or N= !et ready or N
Ti$e
:>)>&H- v#int R 6NIish@a Q set about= start Nin! Motion
,+H- v#t open= set up= start 4rocesses
9&,&
asos#hi
asosla-
n
/NI!a Q so"-
n
v#t
basis= oundation= !round
"ay the oundations o N
ounder
ar!ueT ound= base
+ate!ory
.,JLGJ9-
o'"g'at-
v#t
v#t
arouse= stir up= !ive rise to= cause
arouse= stir up= !ive rise to= cause
Motion
FODYE v#t
6NI$ay Q
yoJ"!a AoJy-
IABib C
put or;ard= !ive
put a;ay= Auit= !ive up
stop Nin!
put into eect= i$p"e$ent
do A 9!nd $!ue ! reult;
4rocesses
&ASHLAE v#t
IABib C
thro;= thro; a;ay
do A Kui$7ly !nd t2orou"2ly
4rocesses
YUBORE v#t
IABib C
send
do A uddenly !nd $ompletely
Motion
a$a"!a osh-
NABni !m!l"! o2irE
be co$p"eted
brin" !bout@ re!liHe A@ put A into e--e$t
Motion
BA4ARE
ba!aril-
v#t
v#int
$!rry out@ -ul-il@ $omplete
!et carried out= u"i""ed= co$p"eted

>?),
i!ro#hi
i!roiya
n
ijro Ai"- D et-
n
adj
e'ecution= carryin! out= u"i"$ent
e'ecute= carry out= u"i"
e'ecutant
e'ecutive

92, n
ado Ai"- D et-
u"i"$ent= carryin! out
u"i"= carry out

&ARAFF:Y
taraqqiyot
t!rr!Kiy KilE?Eet
n
develop@ !dv!n$e 9intr!nitive;
development@ pro"re@ !dv!n$ement
(vents
o"d!a sur- DD suri"- push or;ard= advance DD pro!ress Motion
/NIni o"ib bor-
/NIni /MI!a o"ib bor-
conduct N
u"i" N to MCSde!ree o achieve$entG
Motion
SHUGDULLANE
M9&HGJBL
mashg'ulot
v#int G NA bil!n C
adj R /N bi"an Q CboJ"-G
n
be en"!"ed in A@ "o in -or A
CbeG busy ;ith N
tas@= operationT studies

CboshAaG /NI!a oJt-
CboshAaG /NI!a oJt@a0-
chan!e Cto an otherG N
!o to Can otherG N
Motion

()>&H- v#int R /MIda /NI!a Q achieve= obtain N in M= see N throu!h
.,L,/- v#t !ain= ;in= obtain 4ossession
173
NA&:4A
nati!ali
nati!asi"
n
/C!aniGN QIsida
n!ti<! berE
/NIda QI!a erish-
ad
ad
reultJ !$2ievement
as a resu"t o N
2!ve@ yield ! reult
achieve resu"ts in N
eectiveC"yG= ;ith resu"ts
ineectiveC"yG= ;ithout resu"ts
(ntities
,.>89T
oibatli
oibatsi"
n
adj
adj
resu"t= end
vain= ;ithout resu"ts
(ntities
)UIA((AF
muvaffaqiyat
muvaffaiyatli
muvaffaiyatsi"
muvaffaqiyatsizlik
!d< G IABi2"! C boDlE
n G N9i2;ABid! C
$uvaaAiyat!a erish-
$uvaaAiyat Ao0on-
ad
$uvaaAiyat"i chiA-
adj
n
$uvaaAiyatsi0"i@!a uchra-
u$$eed in Ain"@ m!n!"e to A
u$$e in A@ !$2ievement in A
be successu" CpersonG
succeed
successu"C"yG
be successu" CactionG
unsuccessu"
-!ilure@ etb!$7
ai"= be unsuccessu"

MBM9&&9) n R /CishGNI!a Q boJ"- succeed in N= obtain N= achieve N
MBTB.
yutuli
n
/NIda Q Ao0on-
adj
achieve$ent= success
succeed in N
successu"

oJn!idan @e"- !o ahead successu""y CaairsG
BLGB)- v#int R /NI!a Q !et to N= reach N in ti$e Motion
(4L9- v#t $ana!e to= do successu""y Moda"ity
AoJ"Iidan @e"- be ab"e to $ana!e
M(T>&H- v#int R /NI!a Q catch up ;ith N Motion
&UGA&E v#t -ini2@ $omplete
liKuid!te@ =ipe out
(vents
89)T9)9% n R bartara boJ"-
bartara Ai"-
end= !et sett"ed
end= sett"e= !et rid o

4>&H- v#int !et sett"ed 4"ants
TBG9LL9- v#t e"i$inate= eradicate= inish o (vents
,JT- v#int be va"id= be eective= have $ar@et Motion

OLE IABib C A -or oneD o=n bene-it ? u--erin" 4ossession
BERE IABib C A -or #o# eleD bene-it@ !it!n$e 4ossession
(OY8A
foydali
foydasi"
befoyda
foydalan-
n
oyda @e"tir-DAi"-
/NInin! QIsi!a boJ"-
oyda chiAar-
!d<
adj
adj
v#int G NABd!n C
!dv!nt!"e@ bene-it@ pro-it
brin! beneit= he"p
be to the advanta!e o N
ta@e advanta!e o
!dv!nt!"eou@ bene-i$i!l@ ue-ul
;ithout advanta!e= not beneicia"= use"ess
t!7e !dv!nt!"e o- A@ ue A@ utiliHe A
(cono$y
Manner
)AN(AA&
manfaatli
manfaatsi"
n
oJ0Iinin! $anaat!a
adj
adj
interet@ pro-it@ bene-it
to oneJs advanta!e
advanta!eous= interestin!
;ithout advanta!e= uninterestin!

17*
manfaatdor
manfaatparast
n
n
beneiciary
person "oo@in! or advanta!es
/9%
nafsi"
n
/CishGNIdan Q o"-
adj
;orth= va"ue= beneit
beneit ro$ N
;ithout va"ue= not beneicia"

&9M9)9
samarali
samarasi"
n
adj
adj
resu"t= ruit= product
ruitu"= proitab"e= eicient
ruit"ess= unproitab"e= ineicient

ZARAR
zararli
"ararsi"
n
/NI!a Q yet@a0-Dber-
0arar tort-DAi"-
0arar @e"tir-
!d<
adj
2!rm@ d!m!"e@ lo
har$ N
"ose= !et da$a!e
cause da$a!e
2!rm-ul@ detriment!l
har$"ess

Z:YON
"iyonli
"iyonsi"
n
/NIdan Q @oJr-Dtort-DAi"-
/NI!a Q yet@a0-
0iyon @e"tir-
adj
adj
lo@ d!m!"e@ 2!rm
suer "oss= da$a!e in N
har$ N
cause da$a!e
har$u"= detri$enta"
har$"ess
(cono$y
T9L9%,T n
ta"aot @oJr-
"oss= da$a!e= har$
suer "oss= da$a!e

%>2,
fidokor
fidokorlik
n
ido Ai"-Det-
adj
n
sacriice
sacriice onese"
devoted
se"-sacriice= abne!ation

FURBON n
Aurbon boJ"-
Aurbon Ai"-
sacriice= oerin!s
vi$time@ m!rtyr
sacriice onese"= be sacriied
sacriice
&pirit
+on"ict

8B/M,2
bunyodkor
bunyodkorlik
v#t R bunyod boH"-
bunyod Ai"-
n
n
appear= be created
$a@e appear= create
creator
creation
(ntities
YARA&E
yaratil-
yaratuv#hi
v#t
v#int
n
$re!te@ $ompoe@ produ$e
be created= be co$posed= be produced
creator= co$poser

>?,2
i!odiy
i!odiyot
i!odkor
i!odkorlik
n
ijod Ai"-Det-
adj
n
adj= n
n
creation= invention
create= invent
creative= inventive
creation
creative= inventiveT inventor
creativeness= inventiveness

>NT>),
i$tiro#hi
n
i'tiro Ai"-Det-
n
invention
invent
inventor

M9&9- v#t $a@e= construct
FURE
uril-
v#t
Aayta Aur-
v#int
/NIdan Q
build@ $ontru$t 9l?-;
rebui"d= reconstruct
be bui"t= in construction
be constituted= co$posed= $ade up o N
Housin!
+ate!ory
175
qurilish
uruv#hi
n
n
buildin"@ $ontru$tion 9l?-;
bui"der= constructor C"DG
)>6,?L9/T>)- v#t deve"op (vents
,8,2C,/G
obodlashtir-
obodonlik
obodon#hilik
adj
obod Ai"-
v#t
n
n
prosperous= "ourishin!
deve"op= $a@e prosperous
deve"op
deve"op$ent
deve"op$ent
4ossession
TBL- v#t dra; up= or$= $a@e +ate!ory

NA)UNA
namunali
n@ !d<
/NI!a Q boJ"-
/NIdan Q o"-
adj
model@ e>!mpleJ !mple
be an e'a$p"e to N
ta@e N as an e'a$p"e
$ode"= e'e$p"ary
)e"ations
>8)9T n R /NIdan Q o"- ta@e N as an e'a$p"e= "earn ro$ N
,JN&H9T- v# int R /NI!a Q i$itate N )e"ations
T9.L>2
talidiy
talid#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
n
copy= i$itation
copy N= i$itate N
i$itative
i$itator
)e"ations
NABnin" oMrnBid! in AM pl!$e Location
&U&E v#t 2old@ 7eep 9l?-;
$aintain= preserve
4rocesses
SAFLAE
salan-
v#t G NABd!n C
/NInin! jonIini Q
v#int
/NIdan Q
!ve@ preerve@ prote$t -rom AJ 7eep
@eep= observe Cru"esG
"u!rd@ !-e"u!rd@ t!7e $!re o-
save NJs "ie
be saved= preserved
ta@e precautions= !uard a!ainst N
Manner
H>M,M9
himoyasi"
n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
adj
protection= deence= support
protect ro$ N= deend= support a!ainst N
deence"ess= he"p"ess
+on"ict
FU&FARE
utaruv#hi
v#t
AutAarib Ao"-
n
!ve@ preerve@ re$ue@ deliver
save= preserve C"ie=###G
saviourT rescuer

,M,/
omonlik
omonsi"
adj
o$on boJ"-
n
adj
sae= unhar$ed
be sae= unhar$ed
saety
;ith no saety

8,&H49/9 n she"ter= reu!e C"DG Housin!
TBL9-
tu"al-
tuzat-
tu"atish
v#t
v#int
v#t
n
decorate= redecorate= adorn= paint
dress up= $a@e up
be $ended= be repaired
rep!ir@ mend@ -i>
$orre$t
prooCsG= correctionCsG
,bjects
+"othin!
Hea"th
)(M,/T n
remont KilE
repairCsG= $aintenance
rep!ir@ mend@ -i>

171
T9JM>)
ta'mirla-
n
v#t
repairCsG= $endin!= reconstruction= restorin!
repair= $end= reconstruct= restore

T>:L9- v#t restore
$u@a$$a""ashtir- v#t perect ,pinion

ishdan chiA-
ishdan chiAar-
be out o order
da$a!e
(ntities
M,J.,T-
yo'otil-
v#t
v#int
"ose
e"i$inate= ;ipe out= !et rid o
be e"i$inated= be ;iped out
4ossession
yoJA Ai"-
yoJA Ai"ib tash"a-
destroyT sAuander
destroy
(ntities
M(M>)-
yemiril-
yemiruv#hi
v#t
v#int
n
destroy= s$ash= erode
be destroyed= s$ashed= eroded
destroyer

BUZE
buzil-
v#t
v#int
poil@ bre!7
detroy@ demoli2@ ruin@ $orrupt
be bro7en@ detroyed@ ruined
be poilt@ $orrupted@ out o- order
4rocesses
M9:&,/ ya@son boJ"-
ya@son Ai"-
!et destroyed
destroy= devastate= ruin

69M),/
vayrona
vayronalik
N,/969M),/
adj
vayron boJ"-
vayron Ai"-
n
n
'onavayron boJ"-
'onavayron Ai"-
destroyed= devastated
!et destroyed= devastated
destroy= devastate= ruin
ruins
destruction= devastation= ruin
be ruined= destroyed
ruin= destroy

N9),8
$aroblik
$aroba
$aroblash-
adj
'arob boJ"-
'arob Ai"-
n
n
v#int
ruined= co""apsed= destroyed
!et ruined= destroyed= da$a!ed
ruin= destroy= da$a!e
destruction= devastation
ruins
!et ruined= destroyed

M9H6 $ahv boJ"-
$ahv Ai"- D et-
!et annihi"ated= e"i$inated= destroyed
annihi"ate= e"i$inate= destroy

&H>:9&T
shikastla-
adj
v#t
da$a!ed= bro@en= injured= hurt
da$a!e= brea@= injure
Hea"th
/NInin! jonIi!a te!- na! N= !et N in troub"e &pirit

IAZ:(A n
/CishGN QIsi
Q topshir-Dber-
t!7@ miion@ repon!bilityJ !i"nment
responsabi"ity o N
!ive a tas@= the responsabi"ity

&O/SH:RE
topshiri
v#t
NABni NYB"! C
n
hand over= de"iver
entrut Y =it2 A@ trut A to Y
tas@= $ission
4ossession
:,M9/2>),6:9 n
@o$andirov@a!a bor-
$ission
!o on a $ission= an assi!n$ent

?96,8G9) adj R /NI!a Q responsib"e o N
177
!avobgarlik n
!ui"ty
responsibi"ity
?ustice
M9&JBL
mas'uliyat
mas'uliyatli
mas'uliyatsi"
mas'uliyatsi"lik
adj
n
n R /CishGN QIi
adj
adj
n
responsib"e
person in char!e
responsibi"ity o N
o responsibi"ity
;ithout responsibi"ity
irresponsibi"ity
&ociety
L>MM9 n
/NIni /MInin! QIsi!a yu@"a-
responsabi"ity= char!e
put M in char!e o N

H96,L9 n R /CishGNIni /MI!a Q Ai"- char!e M to N= entrust M ;ith N
FA&NASHE
atnash#hi
atnashuv#hi
v#int G NAB"! C
Aatnashish
n
n
t!7e p!rt@ p!rti$ip!te in A@ !ttend A
participation
participant
participant

>&HT>),:
ishtirok#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-
n
attendance
attend N
participant

296,M9T n presence= attendance
.,L2>)- v#t "eave= put asideT $iss Motion
/NI!a Au"oA AoA- respond to N= react to N 8ody
?96,89/ ad in return= in rep"y Meanin!
ARALASHE v#int G NAB"! C !et $i'ed up ;ith N
t!7e p!rt in A@ inter-ere in A )e"ations
ora!a @ir-
ora!a chiA-
interere= bother about
not interere
Location
/NI!a @un ber$a- bother N= not "eave N in peace
chetda Ao"- @eep out o thin!s &ociety
YOR8A)
yordam#hi
yordamsi"
yordamlash-
n
N9i2;YBd! NAB"! C berE
/NI!a Q Ai"-D@oJrsat-
te0 yorda$
n
adj
v#t R /NIni /CishGMI!a Q
2elp@ !it!n$e
2elp A in Y
!ive he"p to N= render assistance to N
irst aid
he"perT assistant
he"p"ess
he"p N in M
<or@

:,JM9:
ko'mak#hi
ko'maklash-
n
n
v#int
oJ0ara @oJ$a@"ash-
he"p= assistance
he"perT assistant
he"p= assist
he"p= assist each other
<or@

M9292 n
/NI!a Q ber-
he"p= assistance
he"p N= assist N

H9&H9) n $utua" he"p= co""ective ;or@ <or@
2,2 int R dod\
dod so"-
he"p\
ca"" or he"p

SHER:K
sherik#hilik
sheriklash-
n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
n
v#int
p!rtnerJ -riend@ $omr!de
be partner ;ith N
partnershipT !ood-co$panionship
cooperate
&ocia"
17-
H9M:,)
hamkorlik
n
n
ha$@or"i@ Ai"-
co""aborator
cooperation
cooperate
<or@
&9%9)89)
safarbarlik
adj R saarbar Ai"-
n
$obi"i0e
$obi"i0ation

&ARA(
tarafdor
betaraf
betaraflik
n
/NInin! QIidan
n
adj
n
side Cone o t;o opposite sidesG
ide@ p!rty
on beha" o N
supporter
neutra"= abstainer
neutra"ity= abstention= non-participation
Location
/NInin! no$Iidan on beha" on N Meanin!
/NI!a yon bos- side ;ith N= support N Location
)ASLAHA&
maslahatlash-
maslahat#hi
n
NYB"! IABi2ni C berE
+M deb /NI!a Q ber-
/N bi"anD/NI!a Q Ai"-
/NIdan Q soJra-
v#int R /N bi"an Q
n
!dvi$e
!dvie A to Y
advise N to M
consu"t N
as@ advice ro$ N
consu"t N= as@ advice ro$ N
adviserT consu"tant= counse"or

:(/G9&H n counci"= advice &tate
/NI!a yoJ" oJr!at- !ive N advice :no;"ed!e
yoJ"dan chiAar- $is"ead Transport
&AIS:YA n
N9i2i;ABni C KilE?etE
reco$$endation
re$ommend to A

/9&>H9T n
nasihat Ai"-
advice= "ecture= ser$on
advise= ser$oni0e
9ppraisa"
1-0
Cir$umt!n$e
(URSA& n
ursatdan oyda"an-
opportunity@ $2!n$e
sei0e the oppotunity

T969::9L
tavakkal#hi
adv
tava@@a" Ai"-
n
chancin!
ta@e a chance= ris@
darin! person

>M:,/>M9T n possibi"ityT opportunity (ntities
/CishGN $unosabati bi"an on the occasion o N
M,JL9:9M adv
yoJ"-yoJ"a@ay
on the ;ay
on the ;ay= une'pected"y
Transport
@e0i @e"!anda so$e ti$e Ti$e
/NIdan Ao"- "ose N Copportunity= abi"ityG Motion
49MT n CopportuneG $o$ent Ti$e
69.T
vatsi"
n
oDH v!Ktid!
adj
ti$e
on time@ in time
unti$e"y
Ti$e
8(M9H9L adj unti$e"y= inopportune Ti$e
BAHONA n
/CishGN QIsida D bi"an
+N deb Q Ai"-
prete>t@ e>$ue
under the prete't o N
pretend N

69?
va!si"
6NIishi uchun Q @oJrsat-Dtop-
ad
$a@e D ind an e'cuse to
or no reason= arbitrariC"yG

.,+H-
o#hir-
v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan Q
/NIdan QIib @et-
v#t
"ee N= run a;ay ro$ N
avoid N
escape N= evade N
"et escape= $iss
Motion
chetda Ao"- D o0Iini chet!a tort- @eep out o thin!s= stay on the side"ines .uantity
chet"ab oHt- evade= e"ude Motion
G9),6 n
!arov bo!J"ash- D oJyna-
pa;n= !uaranteeT bet
bet= ;a!er
(cono$y
/N yu0Ii @oJr- !et access to N 8ody

BAA&
ba$tli
baxtsiz
ba$tsi"lik
baxtiyor
badba$t
n
/NI!a Q @e"-
/NI!a Q @e"tir-
ba't!a Aarshi
ba'tIi Aora
adj
!d<
n
!d<
adj
"ood -ortune@ lu$7@ 2!ppine
N be "uc@y
brin! "uc@ to N
unortunate"y
un"uc@y= born un"uc@y
ortunate= "uc@y= happy
un-ortun!te@ unlu$7y@ un2!ppy
$isortune= i"" "uc@
-ortun!te@ lu$7y@ 2!ppy 9moment@ event;
unortunate= un"uc@y= unhappy
($otions
O)A8
omadli
n
o$adIi bor D @e"- DD @et-
o$adni sinab @oJr-
adj
lu$7@ u$$e
be "uc@y DD un"uc@y
try oneJs "uc@
"uc@y

1-1
omadsi"
omadsi"lik
adj
n
un"uc@y
i"" "uc@
AoJ"Ii @e"CdiG- oneJs "uc@Js in 8ody
>.8,L n "uc@= happiness= success
T,L(I> n "uc@= ortune= ate (ntities
M9N&H>M9M:> adv R Q= +N ortunate"y= N ,pinion
N9M)>M9T adv R Q= +N ;hat a !ood thin!= N &pirit
.BTLBGJ adj propitious %ee"in!s
&H,H) adj
peshanaIsi shoHr
sad= un"uc@y CateG
unortunate Csad "otG (ntities
89L, n
/NI!a Q te!-
ba"o!a uchra-
$isortune= disaster= troub"e
N be struc@ by $isortune
e'perience $isortune

%9L,:9T
falokatli
n
a"o@at!a yoJ"iA-
adj
i""-ortune= disaster= ca"a$ity
suer a disaster
unortunate

MB&>89T
musibatli
n
$usibat che@-Dtort-
adj
$isortune= disaster
e'perience $isortune= suer
unortunate= painu"

,%9T n
tabiiy oat
catastrophe= disaster
natura" disaster

T9/GL>: n crisis= diicu"ties
:)>L>& n crisis
:,J/G>L&>LL>: n
QI"ar!a duchor boJ"-
annoyance= troub"e
be in troub"e
($otions
2B+H,) /NI!a Q boJ"-
duchor Ai"-
$eet ;ith N= suer NCSi"" ortuneG
brin! Ci"" ortuneG

UCHRAE v#int G NAB"! C $eet N= run into N= hit upon N
e>perien$e A9Lb!d itu!tion@ illne;
&ocia"
M,JL>.- v#int R /NI!a Q $eet N= see N= run into N
e'perience NCSbad situation= i""nessG
&ocia"
&USHE NAB"! C9Bib KolE; -!ll in?on A9Lb!d itu!tion; Motion
M(- v#t suer= endure Cb"o;= attac@G 6ita"
a#h#hi-#hu#huk hardship= ups and do;ns %ood
%,?>9
fo!iali
n
adj
tra!edy= tra!ic situation
tra!ic

F:Y:N
iyinlik
qiyinchilik
iyinlash-
iyinlashtir-
iyna-
!d<
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
n
v#int
v#t
v#t
di--i$ult@ $ompli$!ted@ 2!rd
diicu"ty Cde!ree inG
present prob"e$s to N
di--i$ulty
!et diicu"t
$a@e diicu"t
harass= torture= tor$ent 4erception
OSON
osonlik
!d<
n
e!y@ li"2t@ imple
convenience= easiness

1-2
osonlik#ha adv easi"y
OGD:R
og'irlik
og'irlash-
og'ir#hilik
!d<
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
v#int
n
heavy= ;ei!hty
di--i$ult@ 2!rd
burden= hardship
be a burden or N
beco$e heavyT !et ;orse C"DG
diicu"ty= hardness
4roperties
L,J)
"o'rg'a
n
0oJr bi"an
adv
orce= $i!ht= stren!th
;ith a"" oneJ $i!ht= strenuous"y
;ith diicu"ty= bare"y enou!h
%orces
M(/G- v#t deeat= conAuer
overco$e= sur$ount
+on"ict
YENG:L
yengillik
yengillash-
yengillashtir-
!d<
n
v#int
v#t
li"2t 9l?-;
easiness
!et "i!hter C"DG
"i!hten= $a@e "i!hter C"DG
4roperties
MB&H:BL
mushkulot
mushkullash-
adj
n
v#int
arduous= diicu"t= hard
diicu"ty= arduousness
!et diicu"t

M9&H9..9T
mashaatli
mashaatsi"
n
adj
adj
troub"e= diicu"ty= suerin!
hard= painu"
;ithout diicu"ty

9)9/G adv ;ith diicu"tyT re"uctant"y Moda"ity
CbirG a$a""ab ;ith !reat diicu"ty 9ction
?,J/ adj easy= si$p"e
)96,/ ad s$oothC"yG= "uentC"yGT e"oAuent
,J/GJ9M
o'ng'aylik
o'ng'aysi"
o'ng'aylash-
adj
n
adj
v#int
avourab"e= easy
convenience= easiness
unavourab"e= uneasy
!et easier

FULAY
ulaylik
noulay
noulaylik
ulayla-
ulaylash-
!d<
n
adj
n
v#t
v#int
$onvenient@ 2!ndy@ $om-ort!ble
convenience= handiness
inconvenient
inconvenience= disadvanta!e
$a@e easier= aci"itate
!et easier= convenient

AAI(
xavfli
xavfsiz
xavfsizlik
$avflan-
n
'av ostida boJ"-DAo"-
'avdan Aoch-
!d< G NA u$2un C
!d<
n
'avsi0"i@da
v#int R /NIdan Q
d!n"er@ t2re!t
be in dan!er
escape dan!er
d!n"erou to A@ perilou
!-e
!-ety
bein! sae
apprehend N= ;orry about N ($otions
N9T9)
$atarli
be$atar
n
'atar ostida CAo"-G
adj
adj
dan!er= ha0ard
CbeG in dan!er
dan!erous= ha0ardous
sae

$avf-$atar peri"
1-3
T9HL>:9 n
tah"i@a ostida CAo"-G
tah"i@a!a so"ib AoJy-
dan!er
CbeG in dan!er
put in dan!er

.9LT>&
altislik
adj
n
peri"ous= ris@y= dan!erous
peri"= ris@= dan!er

.,J).>/+HL> adj dan!erous= peri"ous ($otions
1-3
)!nner
USUL n G IABi2 CBi met2od o- Ain"@ m!nner o- A@ =!y o- Ain"
-!2ion@ -orm
+ate!ory
M(T,2 n $ethod= ;ay
M,JL n ;ay= road= route
;ay= $ethod
Transport
B&LB8 n sty"e= $anner 9rt
)96>&H n $anner= ;ay
T9)L n $anner= or$= ;ay
M,J&>/ n $anner= ;ay
yashash ravishi D
tur$ush tar0i
;ay o "ie
6,&>T9
vositali
vositasi"
vosita#hi
vosita#hilik
bevosita
n
adj
adj
n
n R /NInin! QIida
ad
$eans= $easures= $ethod
indirect
direct
inter$ediary
throu!h the inter$ediary o N
directC"yG

T928>)
tadbirli
n
/CishGN uchun Q @oJr-
adj
$easure= steps= precaution
ta@e steps to N
$ethodica"

&H9:L n or$= shape
$anner= ;ay
+ate!ory
&hape
9N suratda in a N $anner= in a N ;ay 9rt
>L,?
ilojsiz
n R /CishGNI!a Q
i"ojIi yoJA
i"oji boricha 9NIroA
i"oj top-
!d<
$eans= ;ay= possibi"ity o N
have no ;ay out= canJt he"p it
as N as possib"e
thin@ o a ;ay= ind a so"ution
beyond remedy@ =it2out olution
havin! no ;ay out

CHORA
#horasi"
n G N9i2;AB"! C
choraIsi yoJA
chora top-
chora @oJr-
adj
=!y@ me!n o- A
action= $easures
canJt he"p it
thin@ o a ;ay= ind a so"ution
ta@e $easures
beyond re$edy= ;ithout so"ution
havin! no ;ay out
9ction

B:LAN pot G NA C =it2 A@ by me!n o- A@ !nd A )e"ations
ORFAL: pot G NA C by me!n o- A@ t2rou"2 A@ vi! A
/NInin! vositasi bi"an by $eans o N Manner
/NInin! yoJ"i bi"an by $eans o N Manner
BODY:CHA pot G NA C
/C!aniGN Q
in !$$ord!n$e =it2 A@ in $onne$tion =it2 A
ever since N
Location
(vents
1-*
9&,&9/ adv
post R /NI!a Q
in princip"e= basica""y
+ate!ory
8>/,9/ post R /NI!a Q in accordance ;ith N= in conseAuence o N (ntities
MBL9&>29/ post R /N Q in accordance ;ith N
M9)9&H9 post R /NI!a Q accordin! to N= correspondin! to N )e"ations
.9)9-
araganda
aramay
aramasdan
arab
v#int R /NI!a Q
post R /NI!a Q
/CishiGNI!a Q
post R /CishiGNI!a Q
post R /CishiGNI!a Q
post R /NI!a Q
"oo@ at N= ;atch N= !a0e at N
in co$parison ;ith N
considerin! N
a"thou!h N= not;ithstandin! N
a"thou!h N= not;ithstandin! N
4erception
)e"ations
Location
:,J)9 post R /NI!a Q in accordance ;ith N= because o N ,pinion
(OY8ALANE v#int G NABd!n C t!7e !dv!nt!"e o- A@ ue A@ utiliHe A 9ction
:SHLA&E
ishlatil-
v#t
v#int
ue@ utiliHe@ employ
be used= uti"i0ed= e$p"oyed
9ction
.,JLL9-
o'llan-
o'llanma
v#t
v#int
n
adopt= use= e$p"oy
be adopted= be used= be e$p"oyed
instructionCsG= !uide
8ody
&B>>&T(JM,L n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
$isuse= use ;ron!"y= abuse
$isuse N= use N ;ron!"y
?ustice
T9T8>. n
tatbiA et-DAi"-
use= i$p"e$entation
app"y= e$p"oy= adopt

>&T(JM,L n
isteJ$o" Ai"-
useT consu$ption
$a@e use oT consu$e
(cono$y
&9)%
sarfla-
sarfiyat
>&),%
isrofgar
isrofgar#hilik
n
!r- KilE?etE
v#t
n
n R Q Ai"-Det-
n
n
e'penditure= spendin!
pend
spend
"oss= ;asta!e= e'pense
;aste= sAuander
;aster= sAuanderer
;astin!= sAuanderin!
(cono$y
L,M( adv
0oye boJ"- D @et-
0oye Ai"-
in vain= at a "oss
be in vain= be ;asted
;aste= sAuander
9ction
yoJA Ai"- destroyT sAuander (ntities
M9)9-
yaroli
yarosi"
v#int R /NI!a Q
yara$as
adj R /NI!a
adj
be useu"= he"pu" or N
o no use= use"ess
)e"ations
9M9- v#t use sparin!"y= $a@e best use o
spare= pity
(cono$y
%ee"in!s
T9M9/- v#int R /NI!a Q "ean onDa!ainst N
depend upon N= "ive on N
%orces

CH:FE v#int
IABib C
!o out= e'it
do A t2orou"2ly
Motion
8()>L- v#int R /CishGNI!a Q
beri"!an
devote o#s# to N
devoted= "oya"= staunch
4ossession
8ehaviour
1-5
>NL,& n devotion= dedication= sincerity 8ehaviour
?,/:BM9)
!onkuyarlik
adj
n
devoted= dedicated
devotion= dedication
8ehaviour
+HB.B)L9&H-
#huurlashtir-
v#int
v#t
deepen C"DG
deepen C"DG
&i0e
9&T,M2>L adv di"i!ent"y= conscientious"y= ;ho"ehearted"y
jon ber- !ive oneJs "ieT do ;ho"ehearted"y &pirit
jon-tan bi"an ;ith a"" oneJs hearth 8ody
H9M6,/L9)+H9 adj "i@e beasts o burden 9ni$a"s
9T),%L>+H9 n in detai"= thorou!h"y Location
MBL9:> ad supericia"C"yG C"DG 8ody
yarim-yorti Con"yG ha"= anyho;= hapha0ard"y
8(T9M>/
betayinlik
adj
n
unc"ear= i$precise= va!ue
untidy= $udd"e-headed
i$precision= va!uenessT untidiness
:no;"ed!e
&H9N&9/ adv persona""y Hu$ans
yaAindan direct"y= inti$ate"y Location

8:FFA&
diatsi"
diatsi"lik
n
diAAat\
diKK!t bil!n
/C!aniGN uchun Q boJ"-
diAAat Ai"-
adj
n
!ttention@ $!re@ $!ution
attention\ D "oo@ out\
$!re-ully@ !ttentively
be ;orried= an'ious about N
pay attention to= be careu" ;ith
inattentive= care"ess
inattention= care"essness
&ocia"
($otions
(JT>8,)
e'tiborsi"
e'tiborsi"lik
n
NAB"! eDtibor berE
eJtibor!a o"-
eJtibor bi"an
adj
/NI!a Q Aara-
n
attention
authority
p!y !ttention to A
ta@e into consideration
attentive"y
inattentive
pay no attention to N= ne!"ect N
9uthority
diat-e'tibor attention= seein! and hearin!
EH&:YO&
ehtiyotkor
ehtiyotkorlik
ehtiyotkorona
ehtiyotsi"
ehtiyotsi"lik
ehtiyotla-
ehtiyotlan-
n
/NIdan Q boJ"-
ehtiyot Ai"-
ehtiyotdan
!d<
n
adv
ad
n
v#t
v#int
$!reJ $!utionJ !-e"u!rd
be careu"= cautious= prudent ;ith N
treat ;ith care= caution
set aside= reserve
as a precaution
$!re-ul@ $!utiou@ prudent@ $ir$umpe$t
precaution= care= caution
careu""y= cautious"y= prudent"y= sparin!"y
not payin! attention= care"essC"yG= i$prudent
!uard= ta@e care o
!uard a!ainst= protect o#s# o

SAFLAE
salan-
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
"u!rd@ !-e"u!rd@ t!7e $!re o-
ta@e precautions= !uard a!ainst N
9ction
49)6, n attention= notice
1-1
beparvo
beparvolik
49)69)>&H
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
n
n R parvarish Ai"-
pay attention to N= ta@e notice o N
care"ess= ne!"i!ent
care"essness= ne!"i!ence
ta@e care o
4BNT9
pu$talik
pu$tala-
adj
pu'ta Ai"-
n
v#t
stron!= durab"e= thic@= ir$
thorou!h= eicient= properC"yG
careu"= prudent= de"iberate
be careu"= be attentive
eiciencyT careu"ness
be careu"= be prudent
4roperties
jon @uydir- be concerned ;ith= care or= treasure &ubstances
/NI!a 0ehi AoJy- pay attention to N Mind
4,ML9- v#t !uard= ;atch 9ction
KU&E v#t ;ait
loo7 !-ter@ re$eive@ entert!in 9"uet; &ocia"
BOFE
boim
boimsi"
v#int G NAB"! C
n
adj
t!7e $!re o- A@ brin" up A
eed N= pasture N
care= supervision= $aintenance
uncared-or= abandoned
4erception
6ita"
.9)9-
arash-
v#int R /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
"oo@ ater N= ta@e care o N
he"p N= "end a hand to N
4erception
T(?9- v#t ta@e care o= care or= "oo@ ater
save= econo$i0e (cono$y
B/BTB6+H9/
unutuv#hanlik
adj
n
absent-$inded= inattentive
absent-$indedness= inattention
Mind
HB&HM,)
hushyorlik
adj
n
vi!i"ant= attentive= ;atchu"
vi!i"ance= attention
4erception
,G,H
ogohlantir-
adj
v#t R Q D QIib AoJy-
cautious= careu"= ;atchu"= vi!i"ant
;arn= caution= re$ind= ad$onish

@oJr-@oJrona b"ind"y= b"indo"d 4erception
/9L,)9T
na"orat#hi
n
na0orat Ai"-
n
contro"= supervision
contro"= supervise
contro""er= inspector= supervisor

)(6>L,) n inspector= auditor
atro"i ravishda in an a""-round ;ay Location
OSOY:SH&A
osoyishtalik
!d
n
Kuiet9ly;@ $!lm9ly;@ "entle9ly;@ $!re-ul9ly;
Auietness= ca"$ness= !ent"eness= careu"ness
+haracter
T(:>& ad s$oothC"yG 4roperties
joyida just ri!ht= s$ooth"y Location
T(L89L>:
T(L89L9)+H9
n
adv
crude and rash action= $adness
$ad"y= crude"y and rash"y
Hea"th
L,J)L>:
L,J)96,/
"o'ravonlik
n
0oJr"i@ bi"an
n
n
vio"ence
vio"ent"y
brute= vio"ent person
vio"ence= bruta"ity
%orces

M9&H>)>/+H9 adv secret"y Mind
1-7
AL8AE
aldan-
aldam#hi
aldam#hilik
v#t
v#int
n
n
$2e!t@ de$eive
be cheated= be deceived
cheat= s;ind"er= deceiver
tric@ery= s;ind"e= trap
?ustice
%>)- v#int R /NI!a QIib ber- deceive= oo"
GJ>)),M
g'irromlik
n
adj
n
!Jirro$"i@ Ai"-
cheat= cardsharper
dishonest
cheatin!
cheat
8ehaviour
YOLGDON n
lie@ -!le2ood
lie@ tell lie
:no;"ed!e
/>.,8
niobla-
n
/NInin! QIi
v#t
!uise= cover
under the !uise o N
concea"= $as@
+"othin!
TBL,. n
/NI!a Q AoJy-
tu0oAAa tush-
trap
set a trap or N
a"" into the trap

.,4.,/ n trap
H>ML9
hiylali
hiylagar
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-D ish"at-
adj
adj
cunnin!= !ui"e= tric@= ruse
tric@= cheat= deceive N
tric@y
s"y= cunnin! Mind
/9M)9/G
nayrangbo"
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
n
tric@= cunnin!
tric@= deceive N
cheat

hiyla-nayrang
hiyla-nayrang o't-
cunnin!= tric@= ruse
use cunnin!

$u!Jo$bir"i@ Ai"- use cunnin!= pretend Mind
M9::,)
makkorlik
makkorona
adj
n
adv
cunnin!= deceitu"= peridious
cunnin!= deceitu"ness= peridy
cunnin!"y= deceitu""y= peridious"y

9MM,)
ayyorlik
adj
n R ayyor"i@ Ai"-
craty= deceitu"
use tric@ery= cheat= deceive

&H9MT,/L>: n
shayton"i@ Ai"-
$a"ice= spite
do thin!s $a"icious"y
&pirit
1--
Attitude
Be2!viour
MB,M9L9
muomalali
n
/MI!a Q 9N boJ"-
/MI!a Q 9N Ai"-
adj R 9N Q
re"ationsT behaviour= conduct
behave N to;ards M
treat M N
havin! a N character= behaviour

$atti-harakat conduct= behaviour
NBL. n disposition= character= te$per
behaviour
+haracter
.>L>. n $anners 9ction
oDHBini tutE be2!ve 4rocesses
4,L>T&>M9 n position= attitude

YAASH:
ya$shilik
ya$shilik#ha
!d<
n
adv
"ood@ 7ind
@indness= !oodnessT !ood deed
in earnest= ;i""in!"y
,pinion
(LGB adj !ood= @ind= benevo"ent
2B)B&T adj upri!ht= correct= !ood ,pinion
MBL,M>M
muloyimlik
muloyimlash-
adj
n
v#int
sot= $i"d= si"@en
!ent"e= ond
sotness= $i"dness= !ent"eness
$e""o;
4roperties
NB&H%(JL
$ushfe'llik
adj
n
!ent"e= $i"d= @ind
!ent"eness= $i"dness= @indness
+haracter
MBM&H9-
yumshat-
yumshoq
yumsholik
v#int
@oJn!"Ii yu$sha-
v#t
!d<
@onJ!"Ii yu$shoA
yu$shoA @oJn!i""i
n
soten
$o""iy= paciy
o-t@ mild
sot-hearted
sot-hearted
sotness= $i"dness
4roperties
KODNG:LCHAN !d< o-tE2e!rted@ "oodE2e!rted ($otions
@oJn!"Ii oA
oA @oJn!i""i
@ind-hearted= ran@= honest
@ind-hearted= ran@= honest
($otions
,29M>M
,29MG9)+H>L>:
adj
n
hu$ane
hu$aneness= hu$anity
Hu$ans
YO)ON
yomonlik
!d<
n
b!d9ly;@ evil
evi" deed
,pinion
M,6BL
yovu"lik
yovu"lar#ha
yovu"lash-
adj
n
adv
v#int
evi"= erocious
evi"T evi" deed
ierce"y= erocious"y
act erocious"y

M>)T.>+H adj predatory= erocious 4rocesses
200
yirti#hlik
yirti#hlar#ha
n
adv
predation= erocity
"i@e a predator
69H&H9T
vahshatli
69H&H>M
vahshilik
vahshiyona
n
vahshat Ai"-
adj
adj
n
adj
bruta"ity= sava!eness= barbarity
act= behave barbarous"y= sava!e"y
bruta"= sava!e= barbarous
sava!e= bruta"= barbarous= crue"
sava!e= bruta"= barbarous= crue" act
sava!e"y= bruta""y= barbarous"y= crue""y

@oJn!"Ii Aora dishonest= evi" $inded 4roperties
Aora yura@ evi" 4roperties
@oJn!"Ii AattiA
AattiA @oJn!i""i
hard-hearted
hard-hearted
4roperties
'u"AIi D eJ"Ii
ya'shi DD yo$on
o !ood DD bad character +haracter
&H,JN
sho'$lik
adj
n
nau!hty
nau!htiness

SAA:Y
sa$iylik
&9N,69T
sa$ovatli
!d< G NAB"! C
n
adj
n
"enerou@ liber!l to=!rd A
!enerosity= "ibera"ity
!enerosity= phi"antropy
!enerous= phi"antropic= charitab"e

MB)B669T
muruvvatli
n
adj
hu$anity= !enerosity= "eniency
hu$ane= !enerous= "enient

@oJn!"Ii D yura!Ii @en! !enerous &i0e
AoJ"Ii ochiA
ochiA AoJ""i
!enerous
!enerous
4rocesses
,L>?9/,8
oli!anoblik
adj
n
nob"e= hi!h= $a!nani$ous
nob"eness= nobi"ity= $a!nani$ity
&ociety
%9L>L9T
fa"ilatli
n
adj R Cya'shiG Q
virtue= ;orth= $ora" character
virtuous= o ;orth= ;ith hi!h $ora" character

@oJn!"Ii D yura!Ii tor narro; and "i$ited= $ean &i0e
89N>L
ba$illik
n
adj
n
$ean= spiteu" person
$ean= spiteu"
$eanness= spite= spiteu"ness

49&T
pastlik
pastkash
adj
n
adj= n
"o;= $ean
"o;ness= vi"eness
"o;= $ean Cpeop"eG
,pinion
yara$as
yara$as Ai"iA
vi"e= "o;
vi"e action= "o; conduct
,pinion
.98>H adj ;retched= "o;"y= dis!ustin!
)9L>L
ra"illik
ra"ilona
adj
n
ad
"oathso$e= conte$ptib"e= $ean
$ean action
$ean"y

>%L,&
ifloslik
adj
n
dirty C"DG= i"thy= $uddy
$ean
dirtiness= dirtT $ean action
,bjects
98L9H n scoundre"= bastard Mind
201
&H9N&>M9T
sha$siyatparast
sha$siyatparastlik
n
n
n
se"-estee$
se"ishness
individua"ist
individua"is$
&e"->$a!e
&ociety
/9%&,/>M9T n e!ois$= se"ishness
se"-estee$
%ee"in!s
NB28>/
$udbinlik
adj
n
e!oistica"= se"ish
e!ois$= se"ishness

N9&>&
$asislik
adj
n
$ean= stin!y= $iser"y
stin!iness= avarice= $iser"iness

L>./9
"inalik
adj
n
$ean= stin!y= $iser"y
stin!iness= avarice= $iser"iness

4>&H>. adj stin!y= !reedy= c"oseisted 4"ants
2B/M,49)9&T n !reedy= !raspin! person 4ossession
4BL49)9&T n $oney!rubbin!= !raspin! person (cono$y

I:48ON
vi!donli
vi!donsi"
vi!donan
n
adj
adj
adv
$on$ien$e
;ith a conscience
conscience"ess
in a"" conscience
&pirit
9NL,.
a$loiy
a$loli
a$losi"
a$losi"lik
n
a'"oAIi bu0uA
adj
adj
adj
n
$ora"s= $ora"ity
i$$ora"
$ora"
o hi!h $ora" standardsT ;e""-$annered
i$$ora"= $ean= ;ic@edT i""-$annered
i$$ora" action

8BLB. adj bro@en= spoi"t= out o order
unprincip"ed= disso"ute= "icentious
4rocesses
fis-fasod pernicious= i$$ora"
8,M69+H+H9 n dandyT daddyJs boy= rich $anJs son
,2>L
odillik
odilona
92,L9T
adj
n
ad
n
just= air= i$partia"
airness= justice= i$partia"ity
airC"yG= justC"yG
justice ?ustice
N,L>&
$olislik
$olisona
adj
n
ad
i$partia"= neutra"T disinterested
i$partia"ity= neutra"ityT disinterest
i$partia"C"yGT disinterestedC"yG

>/&,%
insofli
insofsi"
insofsi"li
noinsof
noinsoflik
n
inso Ai"-
adj
adj
n
adj
n
honesty= airness= conscience
be air= be just
honest= air
dishonest= unair= conscience"ess
dishonesty= croo@edness
dishonest= unair
dishonesty= croo@edness

H9L,L
halollik
ad
n
honestC"yG
honesty
&pirit
&,%2>L
sofdillik
ad
n
honestC"yG= sincereC"yG
honesty= sincerity

202
T,JGJ)>
to'g'rilik
adj
n
honest= sincere= upri!ht C$an or ;ordsG
honesty= sincerity= upri!htness
&hape
&,2>.
sodilik
&92,.9T
sadoatli
sadoatsi"
adj
n
n
adj
adj
aithu"= true= "oya"= sincere
aithu"ness= "oya"ty= sincerity
aithu"ness= ide"ity= devotion
aithu"= devoted
unaithu"= not devoted

@oJn!"Iida @ir yoJA c"ean= openhearted ,bjects
beri"!an devoted= "oya"= staunch Manner
>NL,& n devotion= dedication= sincerity Manner
?,/:BM9)
!onkuyarlik
adj
n
devoted= dedicated
devotion= dedication
Manner
OCH:F adj
!dv
@oJn!"Ii ochiA
ochiA @oJn!i""i
ochiA @oJn!i""i@
ochiA yu0"i
open
openly@ $le!rly@ -r!n7ly
ran@= strai!htor;ardT !ood-natured
ran@= strai!htor;ardT !ood-natured
ran@nessT !oodness
riend"y
4rocesses
ro'yi-rost ran@"y
29/G9L adv ran@"y= open"y
+H>/
#hinakam
adj
chindan D chin @oJn!i"dan
chin di"dan
n
adj
true= sincere C;ordsG
in a"" sincerity= indeed
;ith a"" oneJs heart
sincerity= earnestness
sincere= true C;ordsG
($otions
SA):):Y
samimiylik
samimiyatsi"
samimiyatsi"lik
!d<
n
adj
n
in$ere@ 2e!rty@ $ordi!l
sincerity= !ood aith= ;ho"eheartedness
insincere
insincerity= bad aith

>L>. adj
ad
;ar$C"DG= tepid
;ar$C"yG= heartyC"yG
4roperties
)>M,:,)
riyokorlik
riyokorona
n
n
adv
hypocrite= disse$b"er
hypocrisy= disse$b"in!= deceit
hypocritica""y= deceitu""y

&,NT9
so$talik
adj
n
a"se= or!ed
sha$= hypocritica"
sha$= hypocrisy
Meanin!
.9L89:> adj a"se= or!ed
hypocritica"
Meanin!
M9&9LM9 adj artiicia"= a"se
a@e= aected= ei!ned
9ction
>::>MBLL9M9
ikkiyu"lama#hi
ikkiyu"lama#hilik
adj
n
n
t;o-aced= hypocritica"
doub"e-dea"er= hypocrite
hypocrisy= doub"e character
.uantity
MB/,%>.
munofilik
adj
n
n
hypocritica"= treacherous
hypocrite
hypocrisy= betraya"

A:YONA&
$iyonat#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-
n
tre!$2ery@ betr!y!l
betray N= deceive N
traitor

203
$iyonatkorlik
$iyonatkorona
n
ad
Caction oG treachery= betraya"
brea@in! aith= peridious= treacherous
N,>/
$oinlik
$oinlar#ha
n
adj
n
'oin"i@ Ai"-
adv
traitor= rene!ade
treacherous
betraya"
betray
treacherous"y

&,T-
sotil-
sotin
v#t
v#int R /NI!a Q
adj
se""= oer or sa"e
se"" out= betray
se"" o#s# to N
$ercenary= bribab"e
(cono$y
/NIdan yu0Iini oJ!ir- turn oneJs ace a;ay ro$ N 8ody
GJ>)),M
g'irromlik
adj
n
!Jirro$"i@ Ai"-
dishonest
dishonesty= cheatin!
cheat
Manner
IAD8A
va'dalash-
n
NYB"! IABi2"! C berE
+N deb Q ber-
vaJdaIsi ustidan chiA-
vaJdaIsi ustida tur-
vaJdani bu0-
6NIish!a Q
promie@ =ord@ pled"e
promie Y to A@
m!7e ! promie to Y@ "u!r!ntee A
pro$ise to N
@eep oneJs pro$ise
@eep oneJs pro$ise
brea@ oneJs pro$ise
pro$ise Ceach otherG to N

&,JL n
/NI!a soJ0 ber-
soJ0Iida tur-
soJ0Ii ustidan chiA-
;ords= speech= state$ent
;ord= pro$ise
!ive oneJs ;ord to N= pro$ise N
@eep oneJs ;ord
@eep oneJs ;ord
Meanin!
L9%L n ;ords= speech= "an!ua!e
;ord= pro$ise
Meanin!
69%,
vafodor
vafosi"
bevafo
bevafolik
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
adj
adj
n
pro$ise
be true to NCSpro$iseG= @eep oneJs ;ord
a $an o his ;ord
brea@in! oneJs ;ord= unaithu"= dis"oya"
brea@in! oneJs ;ord= unaithu"= dis"oya"
unaithu"ness= dis"oya"ty

FASA) n
NA u$2un C i$2E
6NIay deb Q ich-
Aasa$Iidan Aayt-DIini bu0-
/NI!a Q ber-
oath
t!7e !n o!t2 to A@ =e!r to A
ta@e an oath to N= s;ear to N
!o bac@ one oneJs ;ord
s;ear N in &ociety
,/T n
/C!aniGN uchun Q ich-
/NI!a Q ber-Dichir-
oath
ta@e an oath to N
s;ear N in &ociety
:SHONE
ishonch
ishon#hli
ishon#hsi"
ishonmaslik
ishonmov#hilik
v#int G N9i2;AB"! Q
n G NAB"! C
adj
adj
n
/NI!a Q bi"an Aara-
n
believe in A
trut A
9poitive; belie-@ $on-iden$e in A
trust;orthy= re"iab"e
not trust;orthy= unre"iab"e
distrust= $istrust= suspicion
$istrust N
distrust= $istrust= suspicion
,pinion
SHUBHA n doubt@ upi$ion :no;"ed!e
203
shubhala-
shubhalan-
shubhalantir-
/NI!a Q bi"an Aara-
v#t
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t R /N /MIni Q
doubt= suspect
CMG have doubts about N
GU)ON
gumondor
gumonsira-
n
/MIdan /NInin! QIi bor
/NIdan Q Ai"-
adj R /NIdan Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
upi$ion@ doubt 9!bout people;
CNG be suspicious o M
suspect N= doubt N
suspicious= dubious about N
be suspicious= be doubtu" about N
:no;"ed!e

,29M&H969/29 n sociab"e
/9L,:9T
na"okatlik
na"okatsi"
n
adj
adj
reine$ent= tenderness
reined= tender
unreined

9298D,2,8
adabli/odobli
adablilik
adabsiz
adabsi"lik
boadab
beadab
beadablik
n
/NInin! QIi ber-
!d<
n
!d<
n
adj
adj
n
po"iteness= $anners= upbrin!in!
teach N a "esson
polite@ $ourteou@ =ellEm!nnered
decency= propriety
impolite@ di$ourteou@ illEm!nnered
i$po"iteness= discourtesy
;e""-bred= po"ite
i""-$annered= i$po"ite= obscene
i$po"iteness= obscenity

NB&HMB,M9L9
$ushmuomalalik
adj
n
'ush$uo$a"a"i@dan
po"ite= courteous= so"icitous
po"iteness= courtesy= so"icitude
out o po"iteness

)ARHA)A& n
NAB"! C KilE
consideration= avour= !race
ple!e
be $onider!te to A
%ee"in!s
.9)GJ9- v#t s;ear at= curse &pirit
H9.,)9T
haoratli
haoratla-
n
haAorat Ai"-
adj
v#t
insu"t
insu"t= oend
insu"tin!= oendin!
insu"t= oence

T9H.>)
tahirli
tahirla-
n
tahAir Ai"-
v#t
insu"t
insu"t
insu"tin!
insu"t

&,J:-
so'kish
so'kil-
so'kin-
v#t
n
v#int
v#int
abuse= use bad "an!ua!e= sco"d
abuse= insu"t
be abused= !et sco"ded
s;ear

o!J0Ii bu0uA abusiveT ou"-$outhed 8ehaviour
20*
(eelin"
SEIE
sevil-
sevin-
sevish-
sevgi
sevikli
sevimli
v#t
oJ0-oJ0ini sev-
/NIni QIib Ao"-
v#int
v#int
v#int
n
adj
adj
love
"ove each other
a"" in "ove ;ith N
be "oved
rejoice= be !"ad= de"i!hted
"ove each other
"ove
be"oved= cherished= dar"in!
be"oved= cherished
($otions
)UHABBA&
muhabbatli
n G NAB"! C
/NI!a QIi tush-
adj
love@ !--e$tion -or A
a"" in "ove ;ith N
u"" o tenderness= aection

>&H.
ishiy
ishibo"
n
adj
n
"ove
"ove
an= ad$irer

?,/
!ona!on
adj
adj
dear= be"oved
very dear= dearest
&pirit
?9??> adj cute= s$a"" and s;eet Co a chi"dG
M(H)
mehribon
mehribonlik
n
/NIda Q bor
!d<
n
"ove
"ove N
!--e$tion!te@ 7ind
aection= @indness

ya'shi @oHradi!an yi!it boyriend Hu$ans
ya'shi @oHradi!an Ai0 !ir"riend Hu$ans
,&H>. n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
person in "ove= "over
be= a"" in "ove ;ith N

oshi-ma'shu Cpair oG "overs
NB&HT,)
$ushtorlik
adj R /NI!a Q CboJ"-G
n
Ca""G in "ove ;ith N
passion

&H9M2, adj R shaydo CboJ"-G CbeG $ad"y in "ove
?9LM9/ adj R /NI!a Q
n
in "ove ;ith N
"overT $istress

2>L89) D 2>L2,) n s;eetheart= dar"in! Co a ;o$anG ($otions
M,) n "oved one= riend
,JM/9&H n "overT $istress
N,T>/49)9&T n ;o$ani0er Hu$ans

&>L9- v#t stro@e= caress= pat
():9L9- v#t pet= caress= stro@eT pa$per +haracter
OD/E v#t
oJpish
7i
@iss

8,J&9 n
boJsa o"-
@iss
@iss

205
.B+H,.
u#hola-
u#holash-
n
v#t
v#int
e$brace
e$brace
e$brace Ceach otherG

8ODS&
do'stlik
do'stona
do'stlash-
n
doJst boJ"-
n
ad
v#int
-riend
$a@e riends
-riend2ip
riend"y
$a@e riends
&ocia"
,J)T,.L9)+H9 adv riend"y= in a riend"y ;at &ocia"
/NIni oJ0Ii!a u"at Ai"- be riend"y ;ith N &ocia"
8>),29)
birodarlik
birodarlash-
birodarlar#ha
n
n
v#int
adv
riend= brother
riendship= raternity
raterni0e
raterna""y

>/,.
inolik
inolash-
adj R /N bi"an Q
n
v#int
c"ose= inti$ate ;ith N
c"oseness= inti$acy
beco$e riends

)9%>.
rafia n
C$a"eG riendT husband
Ce$a"eG riendT ;ie
%a$i"y
.92)
qadrli
adrdon
n
!d<
adj
;orth= va"ue
de!r@ eteemed
dear= estee$ed and be"oved= c"ose
,pinion
9L>L n= adj dear= respected= estee$ed ConeG
M,.-
yoqimli
yoimlilik
yoqimsiz
yoimtoy
yoimtoylik
v#int R /NI!a Q
!d<
n
!d<
adj
n
be p"easin! to N= appea" to N
ple!!nt@ ple!in"
p"easantness= char$
unple!!nt@ unple!in"
p"easant CpersonG
p"easantness= char$
($otions
>&H69
ishvali
n
adj
interest in oneJs appearance
appearance-conscious

/NInin! @oJn!"Iini o"- Ctry andG ;in NJs sy$pathy ($otions
N9M)>N,H
$ayri$ohlik
adj R /N uchun Q
n
'ayri'oh"i@ Ai"-
sy$pathetic to N= ;e""-;ishin! or N
sy$pathy
sho; sy$pathy
&pirit
bir-birini tushun- understand one another Mind
9H>L
ahillik
adj
n
har$onious= c"ose
har$ony= c"oseness

&,GJ>/-
sog'in#h
sog'in#hli
v#t
n
adj
$iss= "on! or
"on!in!= nosta"!ia
"on!in!= nosta"!ic
($otions
/N /MI!a yet$a- CMG $iss N .uantity

NA(RA&
nafratli
nafratlan-
n
/NI!a Q bi"an Aara-
adj
v#int G NABd!n C
2!tred@ lo!t2in"@ di"ut
hate N= "oathe N= despise N
hateu"= detestab"e= dis!ustin!T hatred
2!te A@ lo!t2e A@ depie A
($otions
201
NB&BM9T
$usumatli
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
hatred= hosti"ity= en$ity
sho; hatred= hosti"ity= en$ity to N
u"" o hatred= hosti"e
+on"ict
92,69T
adovatli
adovatsi"
n
/N ustIida Q Ai"-
adj
adj
hosti"ity= en$ity
be hosti"e to N= nurse hatred
hosti"e
;ithout hatred
+on"ict
GJ9)9L
g'ara"li
beg'ara"
n
adj
adj
!rud!e= resent$ent
se"-interestT Cevi"G desi!n= Ci""G intent
resentu"
disinterested= i$partia"
9ction
G>/9 n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
resent$ent
be oended ;ith N

:(: n !rud!e= i""-;i""
.9&2 n Cevi"G desi!nT !rud!e 9ction
:,J),LM9&L>: n jea"ousy= envy= hatred
:B/+H>
kun#hilik
adj
n
jea"ous
jea"ousy

)9&H:
rashkli
rashk#hi
n
/NIni Q Ai"-
adj
n
jea"ousy
be jea"ous o N
jea"ous
jea"ous peop"e

HASA8
hasadli
hasad#hi
n
NAB"! C KilE
adj
n
envy@ <e!louy
envy A@ be enviou@ be <e!lou o- A
envious= jea"ous
envious= jea"ous peop"e

/NIni @oJra o"$a- envy N 4erception
&B.
sulan-
n
v#int R suA"anib Aara-
envious= !reedy
"oo@ envious"y at

/9%&
nafsoniyat
n
nasIi bu0uA
nasIi yo$on
n
desire= !reed= "ust
dissatisied= discontented
!reedy= !rabbin!
e!ois$= se"ishness
Moda"ity
8ehaviour

&:LAE
tilak
n
=i2 A 9-or Y;
;ish
Moda"ity
.BTL9-
.BTLBGJ
v#t
/N bi"an Q
adj
!reet N= e'press !ood ;ishes or N
!reet N= ;e"co$e N
con!ratu"ate on Cthe occasion oG N
propitious
&ocia"
9ppraisa"
+ircu$st#
A(SUS
afsuslan-
int
!-u97i;@ CA
asus Ai"-
v#int R /C!aniGNI!a Q
asus"anish
=2!t ! pityN
=2!t ! pity t2!t A
re!ret
re!ret orDthat N
re!ret

9TT9/G int
attan! Ai"-
;hat a pity\= ;hat a sha$e\= darn it\
re!ret

ODK:NE
o'kin#h
o'kin#hli
v#int G N9"!ni;AB"! C
n
adj
re"ret -or A@ be orry !bout A
re!ret= ve'ation
re!rettab"e= unortunate

207
vijdon a0obi re$orse ($otions
4B&H9MM,/ n
/C!anGNIi uchun Q Ai"-
re!ret= repentance
re!ret CthatG N

T9689 n R tavba Ai"- repent
.9MGJB)- v#int R /C!aniGN uchun Q sho; so"icitude or N= "oo@ ater N ($otions
GJ9M
g'am$o'r
g'amxo'rlik
n
/NInin! ustIida Q ye-
adj
n
!Ja$'oJr"i@ Ai"-
so"icitude= consideration
;orry about N
sho;in! so"icitude= carin!
oli$itude@ $!re
sho; so"icitude or= care or
($otions
/NI!a @oJ0-bu"oA boJ"- @eep an eye on NCSpersonG 8ody
H>MM9T
himmatli
himmatsi"
n
adj
adj
so"icitude= consideration= @indness
so"icitous= attentive= ;atchu"= @ind
;ithout so"icitude

>LT>%,T
iltifotli
iltifotsi"
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
adj
avour= !race= consideration
sho; N consideration= do N a @indness
considerate= @ind
un@ind= ;ithout consideration

8(H9%&9L9 adj indierent= ne!"i!ent Moda"ity
T9&HL9/2> adj abandoned= ne!"ected 4ossession
M,4>&H- v#int R /NI!a Q stic@ to N
bother N= c"in! to N
4rocesses
&BM9/-
suyan#h
suyan#hi
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
n
"ean onDa!ainst N C"DG
support Caction oG
support CpersonG
%orces
T9M9/-
tayan#h
tayan#hi
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
n
"ean onDa!ainst N
support Caction oG
support CpersonG
%orces
/NInin! @oJn!"Iini @oJtar- cheer N up 4rocesses
29L29 n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
/NI!a Q ber-
co$ort= support
be a co$ort to N= re"ieve N
co$ort N= support N

,6B/-
ovun#h
ovuntir-
v#int
n
v#t
be conso"ed= Auieten
conso"ation
co$ort= Auieten= soothe= conso"e

MB49T-
MB49/-
yupan#h
v#t
v#int
n
co$ort= ca"$= soothe
ca"$ do;n
conso"ation= co$ort

H9M29)2
hamdardlik
adj R /NI!a Q
n R /NI!a Q
sy$pathetic to;ards N
sy$pathy to;ards N
4erception
9+H>/-
a#hinarli
n
adj
sy$pathi0e
pitiu"= piteous

RAH)
rahmdil
rahmdillik
rahmsiz
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-Day"a-
adj
n
!d<
pity@ mer$y
sho; $ercy to N= have pity on N
$erciu"= @indhearted
benevo"ence
mer$ile@ $ruel@ rut2le
20-
rahmsi"lik
berahm
M9)H9M9T
marhamatli
marhamatsi"
n
adj
n
adj
adj
crue"ty= ruth"essness
$erci"ess= crue"= ruth"ess
consideration= avour= !race
$erciu"= @indhearted
8ehaviour
&H9%.9T
shafatli
shafatsi"
shafatsi"lik
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-D@oJrsat-
adj
adj
n
$ercy= co$passion= @indness
sho; $ercy= co$passion to N
$erciu"= co$passionate= @ind
crue"ty= ruth"essness

rahm-shafat $ercy= pity= co$passion
9M9- v#t spare= pity Manner
/NI!a $ehr Ai"- sho; $ercy to N %ee"in!s
AattiA AoJ"
AattiA AoJ""i@
unee"in!= co"d-b"ooded= crue"
co"dness= crue"ty
4roperties
&,6B.L>: n co"dness= chi""iness 4roperties

):NNA&8OR
minnatdorlik
minnatdorchilik
!d< G NABd!n C
n
n
/N uchun Q bi"dir-
"r!te-ul@ obli"ed@ indebted to A
than@s
"r!titude@ "r!te-ulne
e'press oneJs !ratitude or N

&HB:B)
noshukur
T9&H9::B)
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
n
/N uchun Q ayt-Dbi"dir-
than@s
than@ N
un!rateu"
than@s= !ratitude
than@= be !rateu" or N

RAH)A& n
9iH"!; 97!tt!; r!2m!tN
/N uchun Q ayt-Dbi"dir-
t2!n7
t2!n7 you 9very mu$2;
than@ or N

210
Sel-E:m!"e
:>8)
kibrli
kibrlan-
n
adj
v#int
hau!htiness= arro!ance= airs
hau!hty= arro!ant
put on airs

:(::9M- v#int
@e@@ay!an
put on airs
stuc@ up

G()29M- v#int put on airs
T9:988B)
takabburlik
takabburona
takabburlan-
adj
n
adv
v#int
arro!ant= conceited= proud
arro!ance= conceit= pride
arro!ant"y= conceited"y
beD!et arro!ant= conceited

2>M,GJ
dimog'
dimog'dor
n
adj
n
$ood= hu$our
arro!ant= proud
arro!ance= pride
($otions
M9GJ)B)
mag'rurlik
mag'rurona
mag'rurlan-
GJB)B)
g'ururli
adj
n
adv
v#int
n
adj
proud= arro!ant
pride= arro!ance
proud"y= arro!ant"y
beD!et arro!ant
pride= arro!ance
proud= arro!ant

%9N)
fa$riy
fa$rlan-
:(&:AOR
ifti$orli
n
6NI!ani uchun Q Ai"-
adj
v#int R 6NI!ani bi"an Q
n
/N bi"an Q et-DAi"-
adj
pride
be proud o N
honorary
be proud o N
pride
be proud o N
proud

M9/M9/
manmanlik
adj
n
se"-i$portant= boastu"
se"-i$portant= boastin!= se"-praise

)AF&ANE
matan#ho
matan#holik
v#int
n
n
pride o##@ bo!t@ br!"
bra!!art= boaster
boastu"ness
9ppraisa"
@atta !apir- boast &i0e
o!J0Ii @atta boastu" 8ody
burnIi @oJtari"- be conceited 8ody
/N bi"- re!ard onese" as a N :no;"ed!e
&H9N&>M9T n se"-estee$
se"ishness
&ociety
/9%&,/>M9T n e!ois$= se"ishness
se"-estee$
8ehaviour
&HBH)9T49)9&T
shuhratparastlik
adj
n
avid o !"ory= a$bitious
a$bition Cor !"oryG
9ppraisa"
SO88A
soddalik
soddadil
!d<
n
adj
imple@ pl!in@ n!Ove
si$p"icity= p"ainness= naivety
si$p"e= in!enuous= na[ve
+ate!ory
:9MT9)
kamtarlik
adj
n
$odest= unassu$in!
$odesty

211
kamtarona adv $odest"y= unassu$in!"y
M,JM>/ adj $odest= unassu$in! &pirit

&OR&:NE
tortin#ho
tortin#holik
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
/NIdan Q
adj
n
be 2y o- A@ be 2eit!nt -or A
be i"" at ease ;ith N
shy= bashu"
ti$idity= shyness
+haracter
UYALE
uyaltir-
BM9T
uyatchang
uyat#hanglik
uyatli
uyatsi"
uyatir-
v#int G N9i2;AB"! C
adj
n
uyat!a Ao"-
!d<
n
adj
adj
v#t
be ? -eel 2y o- A
e$barrass= $a@e ee" unco$ortab"e
sha$e= sense o sha$e
be asha$ed= hu$i"iated
b!2-ul@ 2y
ti$idity= shyness= sense o $odesty
sha$eu" Cbehaviour= ee"in!G
sha$e"ess= i$pudent
$a@e asha$ed
+haracter
&H9)M n bashu"ness= $odesty
H9M,
hayo
hayosi"
n
/CishGNIdan Q Ai"-
adj
adj
bashu"ness= shyness= sense o $odesty
be bashu" about N= be D ee" shy o N
bashu"= shy
sha$e"ess= i$pudent

sharm-hayo bashu"ness= $odesty
&>4, adj reserved= discreet= shy
:9MG94 n reserved= taciturne Meanin!
M9L,L
bemalol
n
/NI!a Q @e"-
adj
e$barrass$ent= inconvenience
be inconvenient= diicu"t or N
easi"y= ree"y= ;ithout troub"e

,)
orsi"
n
orIi yoJA
orIi @e"-
adj
sense o sha$e= sha$e
ChaveG no sha$e
ee" asha$ed
sha$e"ess= i$pudent

>LL9 n
i00a boJ"- D tort-
i00a Ai"-
sha$e= e$barrass$ent= conusion
ee" asha$ed= be i""-at-ease
e$barrass= abash

/,MB&
nomusli
nomussi"
benomus
n
/CishGNI!a Q Ai"-
adj
adj
adj
honourT sense o $odesty= sha$e
be shy o N= bashu" Nin!
;ith honour
;ithout honour
;ithout honourT dishonest

or-nomus sense o sha$e and honour
i00ati nas se"-respect 9ppraisa"
oJ0Iini tuta bi"- be reserved= sober= unassu$in! 8ehaviour
>%%9T
iffatli
n
adj
chastity= vir!inity
chaste= vir!in

>&/,2 n
/NI!a Q @e"tir-
dis!race= sha$e
brin! dis!race= sha$e to N

&H9)M9/29 n= adj
/NInin! QIsini chiAar-
shar$anda boJ"-
dis!raceCu"G= sha$eCu"G
brin! dis!race= sha$e to N
brin! sha$e upon o#s#

212
sharmandalar#ha adv dis!raceu""y
,L,)
beo"or
n
/NI!a Q ber-
o0or ye-Dtop-
adj
oence= insu"t
i""-use N= oend N
be oended
inoensive= har$"ess

H9.,)9TL9-
haoratlan-
v#t
v#int
insu"t= oend
ta@e oence
8ehaviour
,J4:9L9- v#int R /NIdan Q ta@e oence at N
/NIni ayb!a o"- ta@e oence at N ?ustice
&B)8(T
surbetlik
surbetlar#ha
adj
n
adv
i$pudent= inso"ent= i$pertinent
i$pudence= inso"ence= i$pertinence
i$pudent"y= inso"ent"y= i$pertinent"y

MBL&>L
yu"si"lik
adj
n
inso"ent= i$pudent
inso"ence= i$pudence

213
Aut2ority
ED&:BOR
e'tiborli
e'tiborsi"
n
/NInin! QIi bor
eJtibor top-
adj
adj
!ut2ority
have authority
obtain authority
;ith authority
;ithout authority
Manner
,8),JM
obro'yli
obro'ysi"
obro'ysi"lan-
obro'ysi"lantir-
n
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
authority= in"uenceT reputation= presti!e
in"uentia"T reputab"e= presti!ious
;ithout authority= presti!e
!et discredited
discredit

.9)9M
aramlik
adj
/NI!a Q boJ"-
Aara$ Ai"-
n
dependent
!et dependent on N
$a@e dependent= brin! to subjection
dependence

MB&T9.>L
mustaillik
ad
n
independent
independence

bosh @oJtar- "it D @eep oneJs head up 4rocesses
BUYURE
BUYRUF
buyrubo"
buyrubo"lik
n
buyruA ber-DAi"- DD o"-
n
n
order Y to A@ $omm!nd Y to A
order@ $omm!nd
!ive DD receive an order
authoritarian
authoritarianis$
(cono$y
%9)M,/
%9)M,M>&H
n
n
order= co$$and= decree
order= decree= $easures

9M) n order= instruct= reAuest
SODRAE
&,J),.&>L
ad
as@ N ro$ M= inAuire ater N ro$ M
!7 -or A -rom Y@ reKuet A -rom Y
;ithout per$ission
Meanin!
8EE NYB"! CA deE !y A to Y@ tell@ !7 Y to A
9A in dire$t pee$2@ ep# imper!tive;
Meanin!
29J6,
da'volash-
n
daJvo Ai"-
v#int
c"ai$= c"ai$in!
c"ai$= de$and
c"ai$= de$and

T9L98
talabnoma
talab#han
talab#hanlik
n R /NIdan Q
/CishGNIni /MIdan Q Ai"-
n
adj
n
de$and on N= reAuest to N
de$and N ro$ M= reAuire N ro$ M
reAuest= petition
de$andin!= strict
strictness

:L&:)OS
iltimosnoma
n G NABd!n C
N9i2;ABini NYBd!n C KilE
n
reKuet to A
be" Y to A@ !7 A -rom Y
petition= reAuest

,JT>/-
o'tin#h
v#t R /CishGNIini /MIdan Q
n
i$p"ore M to N= be! M to N
reAuest= p"ea

L,)L9/- v#int be!= i$p"ore= beseech
M9L>/- v#int R /CishGM uchun /NI!a Q be! N to M= p"ead N ;ith M
213
M,L6,)- v#int R /NI!a Q be! N= p"ead N
MB),?99T n R /NI!a Q Ai"- app"y to N= $a@e a reAuest to N= address N
:,J)&9TM9 n instructionCsG 4erception
yoJ"-yoJriA @oJrsat- sho; directions= !ive instructions Transport
.9)9T-
aratil-
v#t R /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
direct to N
be directed to N
4erception
)>,M9
rioyali
rioyasi"
rioyagar#hilik
n R /NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
adj
n
observe= respect N= co$p"y ;ith NCSru"esG
be "enient ;ith NCSpersonG
discip"ined
undiscip"ined
"eniency

>/T>L,M
inti"omli
inti"omsi"
inti"omsi"lik
n
adj
adj
n
discip"ine
discip"ined
undiscip"ined
indiscip"ine

T9)T>8
tartibli
tartibsi"
n
adj
adj
discip"ine
;e""-discip"ined
i""-discip"ined= undiscip"ined
+ate!ory
8(8,&H adj i""-discip"ined= undiscip"inedT uncontro""ed 8ody
BODYSUNE
bo'ysundir-
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t
obey A@ ubmit to A@ be obedient to A
sub$it

>T,9T
itoatsi"
itoatsi"lik
itoatkor
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-
adj
n
itoatsi0"i@ Ai"-
n
obey N= sub$it to N
disobedient
disobedience
disobey N
obedient person

NAB"! KuloK olE?oE liten to A@ obey A@ t!7e 2eed o- A 4rocesses
/NI!a boJyin e!- obey N 4rocesses
/NI!a bosh e!- sub$it to N 4rocesses
/NI!a yon ber- !ive in to N
/NInin! !apIi!a @ir- "isten to N= obey N= a!ree ;ith N Meanin!
&AKL:( n
N9i2;AB"! C KilE?etE
invit!tion
u""etion@ propo!l@ o--er
invite to A@ o--er to 9do; A
&ocia"
RUASA&
ru$satsi"
n G N9i2;AB"!?N9i2;A u$2un C
NAB"! C berE?KilE?etE
/CishGNI!aD/CishGN uchun Q o"-
ru'sat bor DD yoJA
/CishGNI!a Q soJra-
ru'satin!i0 bi"an
adj
permiion -or?to A@ le!ve
"ive permiion to A@ permit@ "r!nt le!ve
!et= receive per$ission orDto N
have DD not have per$ission
as@ per$ission or N
;ith your per$ission
;ithout per$ission

>?,L9T n R /CishGN uchun Q
/CishGNI!a Q ber-
ijo0at o"-
ijo0at bor DD yoJA
ijo0at soJra-
per$ission orDto N
!ive per$ission orDto N
!et= receive per$ission orDto N
have DD not have per$ission
as@ per$ission

/MInin! 6NIishi uchun yoJ" AoJy- a""o; M to N Transport
/CishGNI!a javob ber- !ive per$ission or N Meanin!
21*
T9.>.
taila-
tailan-
adj R 6NIish!a Q
taAiA Ai"-
6NIish Q Ai"in-
v#t R 6NIishni Q
taAiA"ab AoJy-
v#int
orbidden to N= taboo
ban= orbid
N be orbidden
orbid N
orbid= ban
be orbidden= be banned

)AN n G N9i2;ABni C etE?KilE
$an eti"-DAi"in-
-orbid A
be orbidden

H9),M adj
haro$ eti"-DAi"in-
orbidden Cby re"i!ionG
be orbidden Cby re"i!ionG
&pirit
6NIa @oJr$a- do not N Ci$perativeG

)ADFUL
ma'ullik
ma'ulla-
!d<
/NI!a Q boJ"-
n
v#t
!"ree!ble@ re!on!ble@ uit!ble
a!reed\= very ine\
a!ree ;ith N
approva"
a!ree ;ith= approve o
,pinion
M9ML> int
+NIsa= Q
a"" ri!ht\= ,:\
it does not $atter i N
($otions
.,L- v#int
6NIa Q
re$ain= stay
,: ;ith N= "et N

FABUL n
Aabu" boJ"-
K!bul KilE?etE
re$eption
!$$ept!n$e
be received= accepted
re$eive@ !$$ept
&ocia"
ROZ:
ro"ilik
ro"i#hilik
!d< G N9i2;AB"! C 9boDlE;
ro0i boJ"$as"i@
n
/CishGNI!a Q ber-
/NIdan Q o"-
n
!"ree to A
reusa"
consent= per$ission= b"essin!= "eave
!ive "eaveDper$ission to N
receive b"essin! ro$ N
$utua" a!ree$ent
,pinion
T9&2>.
tasdila-
tasdilan-
n
tasdiA Ai"-
v#t
v#int
Meanin!
B/9-
unat-
unash-
v#int R /CishGNI!a Q
una$as"i@
v#t R /CishGNI!a Q
v#int
a!ree to N
reusa"
persuade to N
co$e to an a!ree$ent

/CishGNI!a ahd Ai"- a!ree to N= p"ed!e to N= decide to N &ociety
)92 n R /CishGNIni rad Ai"-Det-
rad javobi
reject N= turn do;n N
reusa"

N9i2;ABd!n bo2 tortE re-ue A 4rocesses
+N deb taran! Ai"- reuse N ro$ capriciousness 4rocesses
boJynIi!a o"- ad$it= ac@no;"ed!e 8ody
>.),) n R /NI!a Q boJ"- ad$it= ac@no;"ed!e N
T9/ n R tan o"- ad$it= ac@no;"ed!e
(JT>),% n R eJtiro Ai"-Det- ac@no;"ed!e= ad$it= reco!ni0e ,pinion
215
:(+H-
kechir-
ke#hirim
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
7e$2ir!iH ? 7e$2irin"N
@echirish
n
@echiri$ soJra-
or!ive N
-or"ive
e>$ue me
or!iveness= pardon
pardon
be! oneJs pardon= apo"o!i0e
Motion
96% n
/N uchun av et-
av soJra-
apo"o!y
or!ive= e'cuse
apo"o!i0e

UZR n
N9"!ni;A u$2un NYBd!n C oDr!E
u0r ayt-
!polo"y
!polo"iHe to Y -or A
apo"o!i0e

211
Appr!i!l
)AF&AE
matan-
matav
v#t
$aAtab yubor-
v#int
n
pr!ie@ $ommend@ $ompliment
hi!h"y praise= !"oriy= co$$end
pride o#s#= boast= bra!
praise= co$$end
&e"->$a!e
T9.2>)
tadirla-
n R taAdir Ai"-Det-
v#t
appraise= praise= co$$end
appraise= praise= co$$end

M92H n praise= apo"o!y
,L.>&HCL9)G
olishla-
n
v#t
app"ause= acc"a$ation
app"aud= acc"ai$

.9)&9: n
Aarsa@ cha"- D ur-
app"ause= c"appin!
app"aud= c"ap

+H949: n
chapa@ cha"-
c"appin!= app"ause
c"ap= app"aud
4rocesses
T98)>:
tabrikla-
tabriklan-
tabriklash-
n
v#t G N9"!ni;A bil!n C
v#int
v#int
con!ratu"ation= co$p"i$ent= !reetin!s
$on"r!tul!te on A@ $ompliment on A
be con!ratu"ated= co$p"i$ented
con!ratu"ate= co$p"i$ent one another
&ocia"
.BTL9- v#t
/N bi"an Q
!reet N= e'press !ood ;ishes or N
con!ratu"ate on Cthe occasion oG N
%ee"in!s
NB&H,M92
$ushomadgo'y
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
co$p"i$ent= "attery
pay a co$p"i$ent to N= "atter N
"atterin!

@oJ@"ar!a @oJtar- praise to the s@ies /ature
yashan!\ ;e""-done\ 6ita"
)UKO(O&
mukofotla-
mukofatlan-
n
/NI!a /M Q ber-
$u@oot o"-
v#t
v#int
re=!rd@ !=!rd
!ive N a re;ard o M
receive a re;ard
re=!rd@ re$ompene
be re;arded

MB/,&>8
munosiblik
adj R /CishGNI!a Q CboJ"-G
n
deservin! N
$erit

L,M>. adj R /CishGNI!a Q CboJ"-G deservin! N ,pinion
&9L,6,) adj R /CishGNI!a Q CboJ"-G ;orthy o N= deservin! N
.,JLL9- v#t support= bac@= stand up or
M,.L9- v#t deend= ar!ue in avour o= protect
H,M>M
homiylik
n
n R ho$iy"i@ Ai"-
protector= deender
protect= deend= ta@e under oneJs ;in!

,.L9-
olan-
v#t
oJ0Iini oA"a-
v#int
abso"ve= c"ear
justiy o#s#= c"ear o#s#
be proved innocent
4roperties

217
T9/8(H
tanbehla-
n
/NI!a Q ber-
/NInin! QIini ye-
v#t
;arnin!= re$onstrance
;arn N= re$onstrate
be ;arned by N
;arn= re$onstrate

/9&>H9T n
nasihat Ai"-
advice= "ecture= ser$on
advise= ser$oni0e
9ction
T9J/9
ta'nali
n
/MInin! /CishGNIini Q Ai"-
taJna eshit-
adj
reproach
reproach M or N = reprove or N
suer reproach
reproachu"

&ANF:8
tanidiy
tanidla-
tanid#hi
n
tanAid Ai"- D et-
adj
v#t
n
$riti$im
critici0e
critica"
critici0e
critic

9M8L9-
ayblan-
v#t
v#int
accuse= put the b"a$e on= ind au"t ;ith
!et b"a$ed
?ustice
SH:KOYA& n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
$ompl!int
co$p"ain o N
co$p"ain about N
?ustice
9)L n
ar0 Ai"-Det-
co$p"aint= p"ea= reAuest
co$p"ain
?ustice
2,2
dodla-
n
v#int
co$p"aint= ;ai"in!
co$p"ain= ;ai"
?ustice
/MIni /NIdan @oJr- ascribe M to N= b"a$e N or M 4erception
/NIni yu0Ii!a so"- b"a$e N 8ody
.,)9L9-
oralan-
v#t
v#int
accuse
be accused
4roperties
/NIdan !ap ye- be to"d o by N +ircu$st#
+H9.>M
#haim#hi
n
n
denounce$ent= inor$in!T s"ander
inor$er= te""ta"eT s"anderer
Meanin!

M9L9N
ma"a$la-
ma"a$#hi
n
/NIni Q Ai"-
/NIni Q Ai"ib @u"-
v#t
n
$oc@ery= un
po@e un at N= $a@e un o N
have a "au!h at NJs e'pense
po@e un at= $a@e un o
$oc@er
($otions
M9&N9)9
mas$arali
mas$arala-
mas$aralan-
mas$arabo"
mas$arabo"lik
n
/NIni Q Ai"-
$as'ara boJ"-
adj
v#t
v#int
n
n
$oc@ery= scoin!= sneer
$oc@ N= sco at N= sneer at N
be $oc@ed= be scoed at
$oc@in!= scoin!= sneerin!
$oc@= sco at= sneer at
be $oc@ed= be scoed at
entertainer= c"o;n
oo"ery= jestin!

M9M/9 /NIni Q Ai"-
$ayna boJ"-
ridicu"e N= sco at N
be ridicu"ed= be scoed at

:9L9:9 n
@a"a@a Ai"- DD boJ"-
$oc@ery= scoin!
$oc@= sco DD be $oc@ed= scoed at

21-
:BL-
kulgili
v#int
/NInin! ustIidan Q
@u"!i!a Ao"-
adj
@u"!i"i boJ"-
"au!h
have a "au!h at NJs e'pense
be "au!hed at= $a@e a oo" o o#s#
$a@in! one "au!h= ridicu"ousT co$ic= unny
!et ridicu"ous
($otions
:>/,M9
kinoyali
n
@inoya Ai"-
adj
irony
be ironic
$etaphoricT ironic
Meanin!
:(&9T- v#int be ironic= !ibe ;ith sarcastic "an!ua!e
>&T(HL,
isteh"oli
n
adj
irony
ironic

&H9M9 n irony= hint
:9M&>T- v#t hu$i"iate= be"itt"e
N,J) adj
'oJr boJ"- DD Ai"-
hu$i"iated
be hu$i"iated DD hu$i"iate= treat ;ith conte$pt

N,) adj
$or-"or
$or-"orlik
hu$b"e= poor= ruinedT hu$i"iated
poverty= ruineT hu$i"iation
4ossession

HUR)A&
hurmatli
hurmatsi"
hurmatla-
n G NAB"!
Q Ai"- D /NI!a Q bi"an Aara-
adj
adj
v#t
repe$t -or A@ 2onour
respect N= have respect or N= honour N
respected= respectab"e= honourab"e
disrespectu"
repe$t@ 2!ve repe$t -or@ 2onour

>LL9T
i""atli
i""atla-
n
i00at Ai"-Det-
adj
v#t
respect= estee$
respect= have respect or= ho"d in estee$
respected= he"d in estee$
respect= have respect or= ho"d in estee$

(HT>),M
MBHT9)9M
n
adj
respect= honour
dear= respected= honoured

T9JL>M n
/NI!a Q Ai"- D ber- D @oJrsat-
respect= re!ard
sho; respect to N= bo; to N &ocia"
&>ML9- v#t respect= pay ho$a!e to
.92)
adrli
n
Aadr Ai"-
adj
honour= va"ue
honour= estee$= re!ard
he"d in estee$
,pinion
adr-immat honour and di!nity
&H9J/ n se"-respect= di!nity= honour
FOY:L NAB"! C boDlE?KolE
/NIni Q Ai"-
!dmire A
do N ad$irab"y= ;onderu""y ,pinion
&H,/
shonli
n
adj
!"ory= honour
!"orious= honourab"e

shon-shuhrat a$e and !"ory
SHARA(
sharafli
n
/NInin! QIi uchunDIi!a
adj
2onour
in NJs honour
honourab"e= honoriic

shon-sharaf honour and !"ory
220
9)8,8 n R /ND9N QIi note;orthy= a$ous peop"e in NCSrea"$G
&>MM, n i!ure= persona"ity
,6,L9 n a$e= C!oodG reputation :no;"ed!e
)ASHHUR
mashhurlik
&HBH)9T
shuhratli
shuhratparast
!d<
$ashhur Ai"-
n
n
adj
n
-!mou@ =ellE7no=n
!"oriy
a$e= !"ory
a$e= !"ory
a$ous= !"orious
avid o !"ory= a$bitious
:no;"ed!e
&e"->$a!e
2,/G
dongdor
n
adj
a$e= presti!e
a$ous= presti!ious
:no;"ed!e
2,6)B. n a$e= !"ory :no;"ed!e
BLBGJL9- v#t !"oriy= venerate ,pinion
221
Community
(!mily
TBGJ>&HG9/ n re"ative= re"ation 6ita"
B)BGJ
urug'dosh
urug'doshlik
n
n
n
c"an= a$i"y
o the sa$e c"an
c"anic syste$
4"ants
urug'-aymo re"atives= @ith and @in
/9&L
nasldor
nasldosh
n
n
n
b"ood "inea!e= tribe
pedi!ree= !enea"o!y
youn! !eneration= descendants
o hi!h birth
o the sa$e "inea!e
6ita"
%a$i"y
N,/929/ n dynastyT a$i"y
&BL,L9 n dynasty
&H9?9)9 n !enea"o!y
FAR:N8OSH
arindoshlik
n
Aarindosh"ar
n
iblin"@ rel!tive
the re"atives
sib"in! re"ation

arindosh-urug' re"atives= re"ations= @ith and @in
?>G9) n nearest and dearest 8ody
O:LA
oilaviy
oilali
oilasi"
n
oi"a aJ0o"ari
adj
oi"aviy ho"at D ahvo"
adj
adj
-!mily@ 2oue2old
$e$bers o the a$i"y
a$i"y
$arita" status
havin! a a$i"y
havin! no a$i"y

BM n
uy be@asi
ho$e= a$i"y
house;ie
Housin!
),JLGJ,) n househo"d
uy-ro'"g'or
uy-roJ0!Jor ish"ari
uy-roJ0!Jor"i
househo"d
house;or@= househo"d duties
househo"d

uy"arni yi!Jishtir- do the house;or@ ,bjects
N,/9:> adj hand-$ade= ho$e-$ade
do$estic Cani$a"G
Housin!
9M,LM9/2 adj Co theG a$i"y Hu$ans
(A):L:YA n urn!me@ l!t n!me Meanin!

4B&HT n e$bryoT !eneration 6ita"
9?2,2 n oreathers= ancestors
ota-bobolar o"der !enerations= oreathers
8,8, n !randather
222
BUIA n "r!nd-!t2er
8>8> n !rand$other
BUI: n "r!ndmot2er@ "r!nny
bobo va buvi !rand parents
O&A
otalik
n
n
-!t2er
atherhood= paternity

2929 n daddy= papa
929 n daddy
ONA
onalik
n
n
mot2er
$otherhood= $aternity

,M> n $u$$y
9M9 n $u$$y
ota-ona -!t2er !nd mot2er@ p!rent
(/9G9 n ;et nurse
A)AK: n un$le 9-!t2erD brot2er;
&OGDA n un$le 9mot2erD brot2er;
A))A n !unt 9-!t2erD iter;
AOLA n !unt 9mot2erD iter;

AKA n 9elder; brot2er
UKA n 9youn"er; brot2er
aka-uka brot2er
O/A n 9elder; iter
S:NG:L n 9youn"er; iter
opa-singil iter
aka-singil brother and sister
(G>L9: n t;inCsG
9M9:>69+H+H9 n cousin Cchi"d o atherJs brotherG
T,GJ969+H+H9 n cousin Cchi"d o $otherJs brotherG
9MM969+H+H9 n cousin Cchi"d o atherJs sisterG
N,L969+H+H9 n cousin Cchi"d o $otherJs sisterG

96L,2 n "ater !enerations= descendants
/9&L n youn! !eneration= descendants %a$i"y
BOLA
bolali
bolasi"
n
bola-#haa
adj
adj
$2ild
chi"dren "ar!e and s$a""
havin! chi"dren
chi"d"ess
Hu$ans
%9)L9/2
far"andlik
n
n
ar0and"i@@a o"-
chi"d
state o bein! a chi"d
adopt Cas oneJs chi"drenG

223
far"andli
far"andsi"
adj
adj
havin! chi"dren
chi"d"ess
ODGD:L
o'g'illik
o'g'illi
n
n
adj R nu$N Q
on
boy
state o bein! a son
havin! N sons
Hu$ans
F:Z
i"lik
i"li
n
n
adj R nu$N Q
!ir"= $aiden
d!u"2ter
state o bein! a dau!hter
havin! N dau!hters
Hu$ans
KA&&A !d< bi!= "ar!e
"r!ndJ eldet@ elder
&i0e
K:CH:K !d< s$a""= "itt"e
youn"er
&i0e
:(/?9 n= adj youn!est Cchi"dG= "ast born
?>M9/ n
Ai0 jiyan
nephe;
niece

NEIARA n "r!nd$2ild
/98>)9 n
oJ!Ji" DD Ai0 nabira
!randchi"d
!randson DD !randdau!hter

(69)9
+H(69)9
n
n
!reat-!randchi"d
!reat-!reat-!randchi"d

98>)9 n !reat-!randchi"d

&,6+H>
sov#hilik
n
n
$atch$a@er
$atch$a@in!

UYLANE
uylantir-
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t
"et m!rried to A 9-or ! m!n;
$arry ConeJs sonG

'otin o"-
'otin AoHy-
ta@e a ;ie
divorce Cor a $anG

NAB"! turmu2"! $2iKE
tur$ush!a ber-
tur$ush Aur-
"et m!rried to A 9-or ! =om!n;
$arry ConeHs dau!hterG
!et $arried Cor a $an or a ;o$anG
&ocia"
er!a te!-DAi"- !et $arried Cor a ;o$anG
BL9T- v#t $arry ConeHs dau!hterG Motion
/>:,H
nikohli
nikohsi"
n
ni@oh toJyi
adj
adj
$arria!e
;eddin!
$arried
un$arried= sin!"e
&ocia"
+H>M>L2>. n nuptia" curtain
.9L>/ n do;ry Cpaid by the bride!roo$Hs a$i"yG
&(4 n do;ry
KEL:N
kelinlik
n
@e"in du!ona
n
bride
dau!hter-in-"a; CsonJs husbandG
brideHs ;itness
"ie as a dau!hter-in-"a;
%a$i"y
&ocia"
KUYOI n bride"room
223
@uyov joHra
son-in-"a; Cdau!hterJs husbandG
bride!roo$Hs ;itness
%a$i"y
&ocia"
A4RASHE
9?)9L-
v#int G NA bil!n C
v#int R /N bi"an Q
ajra"!an
!<r!li2
ajra"$as
ep!r!te -rom A@ divor$e A
separate ro$ N= divorce N
divorced
ep!r!tion@ divor$e@ p!rtin"
inseparab"e
4rocesses
T9L,. n
/NIni Q Ai"-DAoJy-
/NI!a Q ber-
repudiation
repudiate N= divorce N
repudiate N= divorce N

erdan chiA-Dajra"- !et divorced Co ;o$enG
BODY8OF
bo'ydolik
!d<
n
in"le@ unm!rried 9o- men;
state o bein! sin!"e= the "ie o a sin!"e $an

tur$ush!a chiA$a!an
tur$ush Aur$a!an
sin!"e= un$arried Co ;o$enG
sin!"e= un$arried Cesp# o ;o$enG
%a$i"y
TBL
tullik
adj
tu" 'otin DD er@a@
n
;ido;CedG
;ido; DD ;ido;er
;ido;hood= ;ido;erhood

BEIA
bevalik
n
beva 'otin DD @ishi
n
=ido=@ =ido=er
;ido; DD ;ido;er
;ido;hood= ;ido;erhood

beva-be#hora ;ido;s and orphans
M(T>M
yetimlik
n
n
orphanCedG
state o bein! an orphan

yetim-yesir ;ido;s and orphans
ER
erli
ersi"
n
adj
adj
2ub!nd@ m!n
$arried Co a ;o$anG
un$arried Co a ;o$anG

N,H?9M>/ n husband 4ossession
AO&:N
$otinli
$otinsi"
n
adj
adj
;o$an
=i-e
$arried Co a $anG
un$arried Co a $anG
Hu$ans
er-$otin
er-$otinlik
$an and ;ie= $arried coup"e
coup"edo$

)9%>.9
rafia
n
n
Ce$a"eG riendT ;ie
%ee"in!s
:B/2,&H n husbandHs second or or$er ;ie
.9M>/ adj -in-"a;
.9M/9T9 n ather-in-"a;
.9M/9/9 n $other-in-"a;
.9M/9GJ9 n brother-in-"a;
C;ieJs or husbandJs e"der brotherG

.9M/>C/>G n brother-in-"a;
C;ieJs or husbandJs youn!er brotherG

.9M/J(G9+H> n sister-in-"a;
C;ieJs or husbandJs e"der sisterG

22*
.9M/&>/G>L n sister-in-"a;
C;ieJs or husbandJs youn!er sisterG

,6&>/ n sister-in-"a;
C;ives o brothers in re"ation to each otherG

4,+H+H9 n brother-in-"a; Ce"der sisterJs husband
or husbandJs e"der brotherG

8,?9 n brother-in-"a; C;ieHs sisterHs husbandG
M9/G9 n sister-in-"a; Ce"der brotherJs ;ieG
:(L>/,M> n sister-in-"a; Ce"der brotherJs ;ieG
:BM,6 n son-in-"a; Cdau!hterJs husbandG
brother-in-"a; Cyoun!er sisterJs husbandG
%a$i"y
:(L>/ n dau!hter-in-"a; CsonJs husbandG %a$i"y
.B29
udagay
n
Auda tara
n
atherD$other o sonDdau!hter-in-"a;
re"ations by $arria!e
$other o sonDdau!hter-in-"a;

,JG9M adj
oJ!ay ota DD ona
oJ!ay bo"a
oJ!ay oJ!Ji" DD Ai0
step-
stepather DD step$other
stepchi"d
stepson DD stepdau!hter

225
So$i!l Li-e
HAYO&
hayotsi"
n
adj
"ie Ce'istenceG
li-e 9lived;@ liveli2ood
"ie"ess= du""
6ita"
&UR)USH n li-e 9lived;@ liveli2ood 6ita"
T>)>:+H>L>: n "ive"ihood 6ita"
KUN n
@un @echir-
day
time@ d!y@ li-e
"ive= !et a"on!
Ti$e

&AN:E
tanish(lar)
notanish
tanish-
tanishuv
tanishtir-
v#t
n
adj R /NI!a Q
adj
v#int G NA bil!n C
/N bi"an QIib o"-
n
@no;
7no=@ be !$Ku!inted =it2
!$Ku!int!n$e9;
a$i"iar ;ith N
un@no;n= una$i"iar
"et !$Ku!inted =it2 A
!et acAuainted ;ith N
Cprocess oG !ettin! acAuainted
introdu$e A to Y
:no;"ed!e
tanish-bilish acAuaintance
8(G,/9
begonalik
begonalash-
adj
be!ona oda$ D @ishi
n
v#int R /NIdan Q
un@no;n
stran!er= un@no;n person
stran!eness
beco$e estran!ed ro$= !ro; a;ay ro$ N

9L,.9 n R /N bi"an Q
/N bi"an Q bo!J"a-
/N bi"an Q ornat-
/N bi"an Q Ai"-
/N bi"an Q u0-
contact= co$$unication ;ith N
"in@ to N= connect ;ith N
set up re"ations ;ith N
beD@eep in touch ;ith N
brea@ o= "ose contact ;ith N
)e"ations
)UNOSABA& n G NA bil!n C
/N bi"an Q u0-
rel!tion@ $onne$tion =it2 A
brea@ o re"ations ;ith N
)e"ations
bordi-keldi contact= re"ationship
?B2, adj R /NIdan Q boJ"-
/NIni /MIdan Q Ai"-
n
be separated ro$ N
separate N ro$ M
separation

&(/&>)9- v#t use Ca$i"iarG JsenJ ;hen spea@in! to
SHER:K
sherik#hilik
n
n
p!rtnerJ -riend@ $omr!de
partnershipT !ood-co$panionship
9ction
,&H/9
oshnalik
n
n
riend= acAuaintance
re"ationship= acAuaintance

OGDAYN: n -riend@ p!l
oshna-og'ayni riends and re"ations
?,J)9 n riend= pa"
,J)T,.
o'rtolar#ha
n
ad
co$panion= co$rade= co""ea!ue= riend
riend"y= in a riend"y ;ay
&tate
BL%9T n co$panion= riend
221
ulfat#hilik
/NIni oJ0Ii!a Q Ai"-
n
u"atchi"i@ Ai"-
co$pany= party
be riend"y ;ith N
co$pany= riend"y re"ations
@eep co$pany= have contact ;ith
)9%>.
rafia
n
n
trave""in! co$panion= co""ea!ue
Ce$a"eG riendT ;ie

%a$i"y
8ODS&
do'stlik
do'stona
do'stlash-
n
doJst boJ"-
n
ad
v#int
-riend
$a@e riends
-riend2ip
riend"y
$a@e riends
%ee"in!s
2BG,/9 n Ce$a"eG riend
&>)2,&H n c"ose riend= specia" riend :no;"ed!e
T,4>&H- v#int R /N bi"an Q !et acAuainted= $a@e riends ;ith N :no;"ed!e
/NIdan yu0Iini oJ!ir- turn oneJs ace a;ay ro$ N 8ehaviour
yaAin"ar near ones= c"ose re"atives Location
FODSHN:
o'shni#hilik
n
n
nei"2bour
nei!hbourhood
Location
YOLGD:Z
yolg'i"lik
!d
yop-yolg'i"
n
!lone@ olit!ry@ in"le
Auite a"one
"one"iness= so"itude
)e"ations
oDHBi
bir D yo"!Ji0 oJ0Ii
!lone
a"one

T9/H,
tanholik
ad
n
a"one= so"itary
"one"iness= so"itude

M9::9
yakkalik
yakkala-
adj
yakka-yakka
yakkama-yakka
n
v#t
a"one= individua"
a"one= by onese"
in private
iso"ation= so"itude
iso"ate

UCHRAE
uchrat-
uchrash-
uchrashuv
v#int G NAB"! C
v#t
v#int G 9NA bil!n; C
n
/NI!a Q be"!i"a-
meet A@ run into A@ 2it upon A
e'perience N Cbad situation= i""nessG
meet@ run into@ 2it upon
meet one !not2er 9=it2 A;
!ppointment@ rendeHEvou@ meetin"
$a@e an appoint$ent ;ith N
+ircu$st#
2B+H n
/NI!a Q @e"-
encounter= $eetin!
$eet N= run into N

M,JL>.- v#int R /NI!a Q $eet N= see N= run into N
e'perience N Cbad situation= i""nessG +ircu$st#
MBL
yu"lash-
n
yu"ma-yu"
v#int R /N bi"an Q
ace
ace to ace
$eet ;ith N
8ody
betma-bet ace to ace 8ody
KODRE v#t
/NIni boribD@e"ib Q
/NIni QIish!a bor-D@e"-
ee@ meet
visit N Csocia"G
pay N a visit= ca"" N on= visit N
4erception
227
ko'rish- v#int G 9NA bil!n; C ee@ meet one !not2er 9=it2 A;
MBL,.,T n appoint$ent= rende0-vous= $eetin!
Z:YORA& n
0iyorat Ai"-
viitJ pil"rim!"e
visit
Leasure
M,J.L9-
yo'lama
v#t
/NIni Q
n
ca"" on= visit
ca"" the re!ister Co NG
re$e$ber Ca personG
ca""

SALO)
salomlash-
n
!lomN
NAB"! C berE
/NI!a Q bi"dir-
v#int
"reetin"@ !lut!tion
2elloN
"reet A@ !lute A
e'tend !reetin!s to N
e>$2!n"e "reetin"

&,J)9&H- v#int R /N bi"an Q !reet N= sa"ute N Meanin!
T9JL>M n
/NI!a Q Ai"- D ber- D @oJrsat-
respect= re!ard
sho; respect to N= bo; to N
9ppraisa"
AAYR
xayrlash-
n
/N bi"an Q Ai"-
v#int G 9NA bil!n; C
"oodbye
ta@e "eave o N
p!rt -rom@ t!7e le!ve one !not2er
&pirit
6>2,L9&H-
9L6>2,
v#int R C/N bi"anG Q
n
ta@e "eave one another= pay ho$a!e to N
are;e""

%>),. n separationT nosta"!ia ($otions

&AKL:(
taklifnoma
n
NABni N9i2;YB"! C KilE?etE
/CishGNI!a Q Ai"in-
n
invit!tion
su!!estion= proposa"= oer
invite A to Y
be invited to N
invitation card
9uthority
29J69T n
daJvat Ai"-Det-
invitation
invite

N,J?9M>/ n host 4ossession
M(L8,/ n host
)EH)ON
mehmondo'st
mehmondo'stlik
n
me2mon boDlE ?? KilE
$eh$onda boJ"-
$eh$on!a bor- DD @e"-
/NIni QI!a chiAar-
adj
n
"uet
be invited ?? entert!in ! "uet
be on a visite
pay a visite
invite N as a !uest
hospitab"e= ;e"co$in!
2opit!lity

:(LB6+H> n !uest= visitor Motion
>u2 7elibiHN =el$omeN ($otions
/NIni Aarshi o"- !reet= ;e"co$e Location
.BTL9- v#t !reet N= e'press !ood ;ishes or N
!reet N= ;e"co$e N
%ee"in!s
FABUL n
Aabu" boJ"-
K!bul KilE?etE
re$eption
acceptance
be received= accepted
re$eive@ !$$ept
9uthority
22-
Aabu" soat"ari reception hours
KU&E
kutil-
v#t
@utib o"-
v#int
;ait
loo7 !-ter@ re$eive@ entert!in 9"uet;
receive= entertain C!uestsG
!o and $eet= pic@ up Csb so$e;hereG
be entertained= be received
9ction
Manner
BL9T- v#t acco$pany= send o= see o Motion
KUZA&E v#t ee o--@ !$$omp!ny@ end o-- Motion
/NI!a ha$roh boH"- acco$pany N Transport
M,JLL9-
yo'llanma
v#t
n
direct= sho; the ;ay= send o
pass= authori0ationT !uideboo@ &ociety

OD&KAZE
o'tka"il-
v#t
v#int
2old 9meetin"@ $eremony;
be he"d C$eetin!= cere$onyG
Motion
FA&NASHE v#int G NAB"! C t!7e p!rt@ p!rti$ip!te in A@ !ttend A 9ction
>&HT>),: n
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-
attendance
attend N
9ction
/NI!a borib tur- Cre!u"ar"yG attend N Motion
)A4L:S n
Q chaAir- DD och- DD yop-
meetin"@ $on-eren$e@ !embly
par"ia$ent= asse$b"y
convene DD open DD c"ose a $eetin!
&tate
M>GJ-
yig'il-
yig'ilish
yig'in
v#t
v#int
n
n
co""ect= !ather
!ather= $eet= asse$b"e
"!t2erin"@ meetin"
$eetin!= !atherin!
+ate!ory
OD&:R:SH n
oJtirish Ai"-
p!rty@ o$i!l "!t2erin"@ meetin"
have a party
Motion
tu"Dil"!n 7un9Bi; birt2d!y 6ita"
Y:LL:K n !nniver!ry Ti$e
$ucha" toJyi birthday Cevery 12 years on /o;ru0G Ti$e
Z:YO(A& n
/NIniD/NI!a Q Ai"-Dber-
b!nKuet@ o$i!l entert!inment
entertain N= !ive hospita"ity to N
%ood
89LM n
ba0$ Ai"-
party= banAuet
enjoy onese" at a party= banAuet

&ODY
to'yboshi
to'yona
n
beshi@ toJyi
sunnat D oJ!Ji" D 'atna toJyi
ni@oh D Ai0 toJyi
toJy Ai"-
n
n
$elebr!tion@ -e!t 9=eddin"@ $ir$um$iion###;
crad"e east
circu$cision east
;eddin!
ho"d a east
$aster o cere$onies
;eddin! present Cor or other eastsG
,bjects
&pirit
%a$i"y
to'y-tomosha eastin! and $erry-$a@in!
&H9)89T/,M9 n account boo@ or notin! !its received
+H>LL9 n a period o 30 days Cesp# ater birth= ;eddin!G Ti$e
M9),&>M n cere$ony= rite
:,J)>: n revie;= inspection 4erception
230
@oJri@dan oJt-
@oJri@dan oJt@a0-
be revie;ed
revie;
&AN&ANA
tantanali
n
tantana Ai"-
adj
$elebr!tion@ -etivity@ triump2
so"e$nity
ce"ebrate= cheer
cere$onious= so"e$n

/>&H,/L9-
nishonlan-
v#t
v#int
co$$e$orate= ce"ebrate
be co$$e$orated= ce"ebrated
&ociety
T98)>:
tabrikla-
tabriklan-
n
v#t G N9"!ni;A bil!n C
v#int
con!ratu"ation= co$p"i$ent= !reetin!s
$on"r!tul!te on A@ $ompliment on A
ce"ebrate
be ce"ebrated
9ppraisa"
HAY:& n
hayit Ai"-
-e!t@ -etiv!l
ce"ebrate a estiva"

BAYRA) n
diniy bayra$
bayra$ @uni
bayra$ Ai"-
2olid!y@ -etiv!l
re"i!ious ho"iday
ho"idays
ce"ebrate a estiva"
Leasure
&pirit
&9M>L n Ctraditiona"G estiva"
NAIRODZ n No=ruH@ t2e d!y o- ne= ye!r@ )!r$2 '%t
Aurbon hayitDbayra$ east o the &acriice &pirit
roJ0a hayit end o the )a$adan &pirit
hosi" bayra$i the harvest estiva" <or@
49)92 n parade

?9/,L9 n prier or the dead &pirit
29%/ n
dan et-DAi"-
buria"
bury

KOD)E
ko'mil-
v#t
@oJ$ish
v#int
bury 9$orpe;
buria"
be buried CcorpseG
4rocesses
M,T9M
motamli
motamdor
n
/N uchun Q tut-
adj
n
$ournin!
$ourn N
$ournin!
$ourner

9L9
a"ador
n
a0a tut-
n
$ournin!
be in $ournin!
$ourner

T9HL>M9 n
/NI!a Q bi"dir-
condo"ence= sy$pathy
!ave oneHs condo"ence to N

231
So$iety
?9M,9
?9M,9T
!amoat#hilik
4A):YA&
ham!amiyatlik
>?T>M,>M
n
n= adj
n
n
n
n
adj
ijti$oiy ahvo"
co$$unity= !roup
CtheG pub"ic= CtheG peop"e= co$$on
pub"ic opinionT socia" contact
o$iety
association= society= union
co$$unity
socia"
socia" condition

&,T&>9L n socia"
AHOL: n
nu$N aho"isi
popul!tion@ in2!bit!nt
popu"ation o N CinhabitantsG

.98>L9
abilaviy
n
adj
tribe
triba"

.96M n tribe= c"an
/9&L n descendants= !eneration
tribe

T,>%9 n tribe= raceT c"ass= cate!ory= set +ate!ory

(L
elat
n
n
country= "and
peop"e= popu"ation
race= tribe

MB)T
yurtlik
yurtdosh
n
n
n
native p"ace= ho$e"and
peop"e= popu"ation
inhabitant
e""o; vi""a!er= to;ns$an= provincia"

el-yurt peop"es= popu"ations
AALF
xalqaro
$al#hil
n
!d<
adj
people@ m!e@ n!tion
intern!tion!l
o"@= popu"ar

BMBMN9L. adj nationa" Co propertyG
):LLA&
millatdosh
millat#hi
millatparvar
):LL:Y
milliylik
n
$ayda $i""at
adj
n
n
!d<
n
n!tion
$inority CethnicG !roup
co$patriot
nationa"ist
person ta@in! care o the nation
n!tion!l@ et2ni$
nationa" characteristics
&tate
IA&AN
vatandosh
vatanparvar
vatanparvarlik
n
n
n
n
-!t2erl!nd@ 2omel!nd
co$patriot
patriot
patriotis$

)A)LAKA& n $ountry@ n!tion
G)9?29/
gra!danlik
n
n
citi0en
citi0enship

%B.9), n peop"e= inhabitantT nationa"= citi0en
co$$on peop"e= ordinary peop"e

232
fuarolik n nationa"ity
+H(T adj
$2et el
chet e"C"arGda
chet e""i
$2et elli7
orei!n
-orei"n $ountry
abroad
orei!n
-orei"ner
.uantity
9?/98>M adj
n
orei!n
orei!ner

N,)>?>M adj border= rontierT orei!n Ce#! boo@sG Location
T9&H.> adj orei!n Location
MBH,?>)
H>?)9T
n
n
hijrat Ai"-
$i!rant= e'i"ee= reu!ee
the He!iraT e$i!ration
e$i!rate
&pirit
&B)GB/ n
sur!un Ai"-
e'i"e= deportation
e'i"e= deport

S:N(
sinfiy
sinfsi"
n
adj
adj
$l! 9o$i!l@ $2ool@ tr!nport;
c"ass Csocia"G
c"ass"ess
:no;"ed!e
Transport
AOD4A
$o'!ayin
$o'!alik
n
n
n
descendant o Muha$$ad
lord@ m!ter
$asterT o;ner= boss
econo$y
4ossession
(cono$y
&9M>2 n descendant o Muha$$ad &pirit
,L>?9/,8 n
N o"ijanob"ari
hi!hness= $ajesty
His Majesty the N

8(:
beka
n
n
nob"e$an= prince
nob"e;o$an

,.&BM9: n nob"e$an= aristocrat 8ody
4ANOB n
N janob"ari
"entlem!n
Sir@ )iter
e'ce""ency
His ('ce""ency N

AON:) n l!dy@ =om!n
)!d!m

8B)?B9
bur!ua"iya
8B)?BM
n
n
adj
bour!eois
bour!eoisie
bour!eois

4),L(T9)
proletariat
n
n
pro"etarian
pro"etariat

.BL
ullik
uldor
ullar#ha
n
n
n
ad
s"ave
s"avery
s"ave o;ner
s"avishC"yG

+H,J)> n e$a"e s"ave
:,J+HM9/+H> n
adj
no$ad
no$adic
Motion
233
ko'#hman#hilik n no$adis$
8EHFON n -!rmer@ pe!!nt@ -!rmE=or7er <or@
&H9H9)
shaharlik
n R shahar @ishisi
n
city d;e""er
city d;e""er
Housin!

U)U)
umumiy
umumiylik
umumlashtir
n
!d<
n
v#t
everybody@ t2e publi$
"ener!l@ publi$
universa"ity
!enera"i0e= co""ectivi0e
+ate!ory
OLO)ON n $ro=d9;@ t2e m!e
G96?BM adj cro;ded= u"" o peop"e
N9L,M>. n the pub"ic= everybody
O))A
ommaviy
ommalashtir-
ommabop
ommaboplik
n
adj
v#t
adj
n
t2e m!e@ people
$ass= peop"eJs= co$$on
popu"ari0e
popu"ar= co$$on
popu"arity

@ishi"ar D oda$"ar peop"e
KOD/CH:L:K n m!<ority
everybody= $any peop"e
.uantity
,L+H>L>: n $inority .uantity
:(/G adj broad= ;ide= vast= spacious
e'tensive= ;ide-spread
&i0e
N,&
AUSUS:Y
adj
ha$$a!a 'us
!d<
persone"= private
pub"ic
peron!l@ priv!te
+ate!ory
&H9N&>M
sha$siyat
adj
n
individua"= private
se"-estee$
se"ishness
Hu$ans
&e"->$a!e
8ehaviour
29M2> adj stray= ;anderin!
&9M,. adj= n va!rant= tra$p
2,>)9 n circ"e= sphere= "i$its Location
Aarindoshchi"i@ n nepotis$ %a$i"y
arindosh-urug#hilik a$i"y net;or@ Cand its useG %a$i"y
tanish-bilish#hilik acAuaintancesH net;or@ Cand its useG
G94 n re!u"ar !atherin! he"d by a !roup o riends &ocia"
?,H)98,&H> n "eader in a !ap &ocia"
bibi seshanba ;o$enHs !atherin! %a$i"y
&OD/
to'plash-
n@ me!
v#int
"roup@ -lo$7@ 2e!p
!ather= !roup
+ate!ory
GURUH n "roup
T,J29 n R /NI"ar QIsi !roup o Ns= !an! o Ns +ate!ory
G)B449 n= $eas !roup +ate!ory
TBLBM n syste$= structure +ate!ory
233
:,M9/29 n tea$= cre;
8)>G929 n tea$= bri!ade
&ASHK:L
tashkiliy
tashkillan-
tashkilot
tashkilot#hi
n G t!27il KilE?etE
adj
v#int
n
n
or"!niHe@ -ound@ et!bli2
or$= $a@e up
or!ani0ed
or!ani0e
or"!niH!tion
or!ani0er
+ate!ory

,J)/9T- v#t estab"ish= ound Location
T9J&>& n R taJsis et- proc"ai$= estab"ish
BMB&H-
uyushtir-
uyushma
v#int
v#t
n
unite= a""y
unite= a""yT or!ani0e= or$
union@ -eder!tion@ !o$i!tion

8>)
birlik
birlash-
birlashtir-
birlashma
birik-
biriktir-
birdam
birdamlik
nu$
n
v#int
v#t
n
v#int
v#t
adj
n
one
unity
unite
unite
a""iance= union
unite
unite
unani$ous= standin! to!ether
unani$ity= so"idarity
.uantity
+ate!ory
:&&:(OF
ittifosi"lik
ittifolash-
ittifodosh
n
n
v#int
n
union@ !lli!n$e
disunity
unite= beco$e a""ied
a""y

H9M?>H9T
ham!ihatlik
adj
n
Cbein!G to!ether= joint= united
so"idarity= union

T9/L,6 n
tan"ov @oJri!i
co$petition= se"ection
co$petition= Cco$petitiveG e'a$ination
Moda"ity
/,ML,2
nom"odlik
n
n
candidate
app"ication
9ction
:9/2>29T n candidate
.,J&H>L- v#int R /NI!a Q be added to N= be inc"uded to N
+ate!ory
K:RE v#int G NAB"! C enter A9Lor"!niH!tion; Motion
ADZO
a'"olik
n
partiya aJ0osi
n
member
4arty $e$ber
$e$bership

:LB8 n c"ub

)ARKAZ
markaziy
marka"lashtir-
n
!d<
v#t
$entre 9lo$!tion !nd or"!niH!tion;
$entr!l
centra"i0e
Location
,L>M adj hi!h= hi!hest= supre$e +ate!ory
M9&JBL
mas'uliyat
mas'ulli
mas'ulsi"
n
n R /CishGN QIi
adj
adj
person in char!e
responsibi"ity o N
in char!e= responsib"e
not in char!e= not responsib"e
9ction
23*
:9TT9 n senior= chie= head &i0e
BOSH
boshliq
bosh#hili
!d<
n
n
boshchi"iA Ai"-
2e!d@ $2ie-@ top@ m!in
$2ie-@ le!der
direction= "eadership
chair= "ead
8ody
RAHBAR
rahbarlik
n
n
rahbar"i@ Ai"-
le!der
le!der2ip
"ead= ru"e

2,H>M
dohiylik
n
n
"eader
"eadership

M,JL8,&H+H>
yo'lbosh#hilik
n
n
"eader
"eadership

&9):9)29 n "eader= co$$ander-in-chie +on"ict
)9>&
raislik
n
n
presidentT chair$an= director= "eader
presidencyT "eadership
&tate
H,:>M
hokimlik
hokimiyat
HB:M
hukmdor
hukmron
n
/NInin! ustIidan Q boJ"-
n
ho@i$"i@ Ai"-
n
n R hu@$ sur-
n
adj
ru"er
"oca" ru"er= jud!e
ru"e over N= do$inate N
ru"in!= do$inant position
ru"e over= do$inate
po;er= ru"e= do$ination= re!i$e
rei!n over
in po;er= ru"in!
in po;er= ru"in!
?ustice
?ustice
oA soAo" ;hite-beard= chie= "eader Ctraditiona"G 8ody
T,8(I>
tobelik
n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
n
subject= subordinate
beco$e subject to N
CMG $a@e N subject= sub$it N= conAuer N
subordination= dependence

&(:)(T9)
sekretariat
n
n
secretary
secretariat

SAYLAE
saylan-
saylov
saylov#hi
v#t
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
say"ov Autisi
n
ele$t@ vote -or@ $2ooe
be e"ected to NCSoiceG
ele$tion
ba""ot bo'
voter= e"ector
Moda"ity
,6,L n
bir ovo0dan
/NI!a Q ber-
vote
unani$ous"y
vote or N
6ita"
:,JT9)- v#t e"ect= pro$ote 4rocesses
/NI!a Aasa$Dont ber- s;ear N in 8ehaviour
ayb!a Ao"- a"" into dis!race ?ustice
:9M49/>M9 n ca$pai!n

O8A&
oddiy
n
odatda
adj
2!bitJ $utom@ u!"e
habitua""y= custo$ari"y= usua""y
ordinary= usua"= re!u"ar
+ate!ory
B)% n custo$CsG
235
urf-odat $utom9;
)9&M n custo$= tradition= habit
9/J9/9
an'anaviy
n
!d<
tradition
tr!dition!l

T)92>T&>M9
T)92>T&>,/
n
adj
tradition
traditiona"

%,L:L,) n o"@"ore

FO:8A
oidalashtir-
n
v#t
rule@ re"ul!tion
re!u"ari0e
+ate!ory
/>L,M n re!u"ations= statute
FONUN
onuniy
onuniylik
onunlash-
onunlashtir-
onunsi"
onunsi"lik
n
adj
n
v#int
v#t
adj
n
l!=
"e!a"= "a;u"
"e!a"ity= "a;u"ness
be "e!a"i0ed
"e!a"i0e
i""e!a"T "a;"ess
i""e!a"ityT "a;"essness
?ustice
RAS):Y
rasmiylash-
rasmiylashtir-
rasmiyat
rasmiyat#hi
rasmiyat#hilik
!d<
v#int
v#t
n
n
n
o--i$i!l
run its courseT !et oicia"i0ed
oicia"i0e
procedures= or$a"ities
or$a"ist
or$a"is$

MB/T9L9M adj re!u"ar= oicia" +ate!ory
L9G& boH"i$i re!istry oice
FOGDOZ
og'o"bo"
ogo"bo"lik
n
Ko"DoHl!r
n
n
paper
do$ument@ p!per
burocrat
burocracy= red tape

HU44A&9LAR;
hu!!atli
n
adj
do$ument@ p!per
receipt= Cattestin!G docu$ents
;ith docu$ent attachedT docu$entary

2,:BM(/T n docu$ent
GB6,H/,M9 n
haydovchi !uvohno$asi
attestation= certiicate
drivin! "icence
?ustice
Motion
4)96, n drivin! "icence
/AS/OR& n p!port
6>L9 n visa
BLANK9A; n -orm
69)9.9 n or$ &tate
/NIni roJy'at!a o"-
roJy'atdan oHt-DoJt@a0-
re!ister N
re!ister= chec@ in D !et re!istered
+ate!ory
)(G>&T)9T&>M9 n re!istration
B:&:) n
biti$ tu0-
$ontr!$t@ !"reement@ tre!ty
si!n a contract= $a@e an a!ree$ent

231
SHAR&NO)A n
shartno$a tu0-
9=ritten; $ontr!$t@ tre!ty@ p!$t
si!n a treaty= a pact

9H2
ahdnoma
ahdlash-
n
ahd tu0-
n
v#int
a!ree$ent= treaty= p"ed!e
$a@e an a!ree$ent= si!n a treaty
treaty= pact
co$e to an a!ree$ent

T9&2>.
tasdila-
tasdilan-
n
tasdiA Ai"-
v#t
v#int
Meanin!
.,JL n
NAB"! C KoDyE
si!nature
i"n A
8ody
:)ZO
im"osi"
im"ola-
im"olan-
n
/NI!a Q che@-
adj
v#t
v#int
i"n!ture
si!n N
anony$ous
si!n
be si!ned

9TT(&T9T n certiicate= testi$onia"
&H9H,29T
shahodatnoma
n
shahodat ber-DAi"-
n
evidence= testi$ony= reerence
!ive a testi$onia"= reerence
certiicate= testi$onia"

:9%>L
kafillik
:9%,L9T
n
n
/NI!a Q ber-
n
;itness= !uarantor
!uarantee
ive N a !uarantee
!uarantee

G9)9/T>M9
garantiyalan-
n
/NI!a Q ber-
v#int
!uarantee
ive N a !uarantee
be !uaranteed

)BN&9T/,M9
ru'sat Ao!Jo0i
n
per$it
per$it
9uthority
M,JLL9/M9 n pass= authori0ationT !uideboo@ &ocia"
>MT>M,L
imtiyo"li
imtiyo"si"
n
adj
adj
Cspecia"G privi"e!e
havin! privi"e!e
;ithout specia" privi"e!e

/9MB/9 n= adj $ode"= e'a$p"e 9ction
/>&H,/
nishonla-
n
v#t
distinction= decoration
co$$e$orate= ce"ebrate
Meanin!
&ocia"
&,6)>/ n pri0e
L,M>. n deed= charter= "abe"
T9MGJ9
tamg'ali
tamg'ala-
n
/NI!a Q bos-
adj
v#t
brand= sta$p= trade-$ar@T herb
sta$p= sea"= p"ace a sea" on N
branded= sta$ped
brand= sta$p

MBH)
muhrla-
n
/NI!a Q bos-
v#t
sea"= sta$p
sta$p= sea"= p"ace a sea" on N
sta$p= sea"

BAYROF
bayrodor
n
n
-l!"@ t!nd!rd
standard-bearer C"DG

237
G>M/ n hy$n= anthe$
23-
St!te !nd /oliti$
8AILA&
davlatli
davlatlararo
n
adj
adj
t!te@ "overnment
state= nationa"
be"on!in! to the state
bet;een states

?BMHB)>M9T n repub"ic
RES/UBL:KA n republi$
/O8SHO9HG
podsho&h'lik
n
n
podshoh"i@ Ai"-
p!di2!2@ 7in"
@in!do$T rei!n
roya"
rei!n= ru"e

&H,H
&H9HL,29
n
n
shah
Ccro;nG prince

&BLT,/
&9LT9/9T
n
n
su"tan
e$pireT rei!n= ru"e

N,/
$onli
$onlik
n
adj
n
@han
@han= $onarchica"
@hanat

9M>)
amirlik
n
n
e$ir
e$irate

.>),L
iroli#ha
irollik
n
n
n
@in!
Aueen Crei!nin! Aueen or @in!Js ;ieG
@in!do$

M9L>:9 n princess
>M4()>M9
>M4()9T,)
n
n
e$pire
e$peror

)9>&
raislik
rais$ona
n
n
n
presidentT chair$an= director= "eader
presidencyT "eadership
presidentia" residence
&ociety
/REZ:8EN&
pre"identlik
n
n
preident
presidency

IAZ:R
va"irlik
n
bosh va0ir
n
miniter
pri$e $inister
$inistry

):N:S&R
ministrlik
n
n
miniter
$inistry

dav"at arbobi states$an 9ppraisa"
shahar bosh"i!Ji $ayor

HB2B2
hududiy
n
adj
rontier Co a territoryG
territoria"

,JL:9 n territory= re!ion= district= country= "and
I:LOYA& n provin$e@ re"ion
,8L9&T n province= re!ion
230
)9M,/ n district= re!ion= area
&U)AN n ditri$t@ re"ion
/OY&AA& n $!pit!l 9$ity;
MB&T9ML9:9
mustamlaka#hilik
n
n
co"ony
co"onia"is$

:,/&T>TBT&>M9 n constitution
HUKU)A& n
hu@u$at bosh"i!Ji
"overnment
pri$e $inister

:98>/(T n studyT cabinet Housin!
,J)29 n pa"ace= courtT horde Housin!
)A4L:S n
,"iy Maj"is
meetin"@ $on-eren$e@ !embly
p!rli!ment@ !embly
the /ationa" 4ar"ia$ent
&ocia"
49)L9M(/T
parlamentar
n
n
par"ia$ent
$e$ber o 4ar"ia$ent

9&&9M8L(M9 n asse$b"y
.B)BLT,M n con!ress
:,/G)(&& n con!ress
&(&&>M9 n session
&H,J), n counci"
:(/G9&H n counci"= conerence 9ction
:,/%()(/&>M9 n conerence
9/?BM9/ n conerence= association= society
%,)BM n oru$
:,M>T(T n co$$ittee
H9MJ9T n presidiu$= board
:,M>&&>M9 n co$$ission
IAK:L
vakillik
69:,L9T
n
va@i" boJ"-
n
n
repreent!tive@ dele"!te@ deputy
represent
de"e!ation
p"enary po;ers= $andate

2(L(G9T&>M9 n de"e!ation
2(4BT9T n deputy= representative
,H)>/ n seat Housin!
H,:>M>M9T n
shahar ho@i$iyati
po;er= ru"e= do$ination= re!i$e
$unicipa"ity
&ociety
2(6,/
devon$ona
n
n
counci"= chance""ery
house o counci"

9M9L2,) n oicia"= civi" servant <or@
+H>/,6/>: n senior oicia"= apparatchi@
M9JMB)
ma'murlik
n
n
oicia"= ad$inistrator
ad$inistrative position

231
ma'muriy
ma'muriyat
adj
n
ad$inistrative
ad$inistration Cpub"ic servicesG
M9/&98
mansabdor
mansabparast
n
n
n
oicia" position= post= ran@
oicia"
careerist

B/6,/ n tit"e= ran@
2>4L,M9T
diplomatiya
diplomatik
n
n
adj
dip"o$at
dip"o$acy
dip"o$atic

ELCH:
el#hi$ona
n
n
!mb!!dor
e$bassy
&ociety
Housin!
:,/&BL
konsul$ona
n
n
consu"
consu"ate Housin!

M9%:B)9
mafkuraviy
n
adj
ideo"o!y
ideo"o!ica"

>2(,L,G>M9
>2(,L,G>:
n
adj
ideo"o!y
ideo"o!ica"

S:YOSA&
siyosat#hi
siyosatbo"
S:YOS:Y
n
n
n
adj
siyosiy an"ar
poli$y@ politi$
states$an
po"itician
politi$!l
po"itica" science

/AR&:YA
partiyaviy
partiyasi"
n
adj
adj
p!rty
party= inner-party
outside the party= independent

,.>M n current= trend C"DG Motion
M>LL9T+H>
millat#hilik
milliylashtir-
n
n
v#t
nationa"ist
nationa"is$
nationa"i0e
&ociety
$i""iy $aHnaviyat nationa" spiritua"ity &pirit
>).+H> n racist 6ita"
?9H,/JG>)
!ahon'girlik
n
n
i$peria"ist
i$peria"is$
/ature
>M4()>9L>LM
>M4()>9L>&T
imperialistik
n
n
adj
i$peria"is$
i$peria"ist
i$peria"ist

4,2&H,CHG49)9&T n $onarchist &tate
)(&4B8L>:9+H> n repub"ican &tate
2(M,:)9T
demokratik
demokratiya
demokratlash-
n
adj
n
v#int
de$ocrat
de$ocratic
demo$r!$y
de$ocrati0e

2>:T9T,)
2>:T9TB)9
n
n
dictator
dictatorship

L>8()9L
liberali"m
n
n
"ibera"
"ibera"is$

232
:94>T9L>LM
:94>T9L>&T
kapitalistik
n
n
adj
capita"is$
capita"ist
capita"ist
(cono$y
&,T&>9L>LM
&,T&>9L>&T
sotsialistik
n
n
adj
socia"is$
socia"ist
socia"ist

:,MMB/>LM
:,MMB/>&T
kommunistik
n
n
adj
co$$unis$
co$$unist
co$$unist

9/9)N>M9
9/9)N>LM
9/9)N>&T
n
n
n
anarchy
anarchis$
anarchist

&,JL
so'l&#hi'lik
adj
n
"et-;in!
"etis$
Location
,J/G
o'ng&#hi'lik
adj
n
ri!ht-;in!
ri!htis$
Location
&9%
safdosh
n
n
ran@= ront
co$panion-in-ar$s
+ate!ory
,J)T,. n R Q /N co$rade N &ocia"
>/&,/49)69)
insonparvarlik
n
n
hu$anist
hu$anis$
Hu$ans
>&L,H
islohot
islohot#hi
islohot#hilik
n
is"oh Ai"-
n
n
n
reor$
reor$
re-orm
reor$ist
reor$is$

)(%,)M9
reformator
)(%,)M>&T
)(%,)M>LM
n
n
n
n
reor$
reor$er
reor$ist
reor$is$

?92>2
!adid#hilik
n
n
jadid= reor$
jadidis$

:NF:LOB
inilobiy
inilobiylashtir-
inilob#hi
n
inAi"ob Ai"-
adj
v#int
n
revolution@ upriin"
revo"t= carry the revo"ution
revo"utionary
revo"utioni0e
revo"utionary

)(6,LBT&>M9
)(6,LBT&>,/
revolutsionlashtir-
revolutsioner
n
adj
v#t
n
revo"ution
revo"utionary
revo"utioni0e
revo"utionary

dav"at toHntari"ishi coup dHetat= putsch Motion
/9M,M>&H
namoyish#hi
n
na$oyish Ai"-
n
de$onstration= $arch
de$onstrate= $arch
de$onstrator= protester

T9&H6>.,T
tashviot#hi
n
/NIni Q Ai"-
n
a!itation= propa!anda
ca$pai!nin! or N
a!itator= propa!andist

T9)GJ>8,T
targ'ibot#hi
n
n
propa!anda
propa!andist

233
4),49G9/29
4),49G9/2>&T
n
propa!anda Ai"-
n
propa!anda
spread propa!anda
propa!andist

69)9.9 n "ea"et= or$ &ociety
&H>,) n s"o!an
&(/LB)9
&(/L,)
n
n
censorship
censor

233
Con-li$t !nd 4uti$e
Con-li$t
T,J./9&H-
to'nashuv
v#int
n
con"ict= c"ash
con"ict= c"ash
Motion
92,69T
adovatli
adovatsi"
n
/N ustIida Q Ai"-
adj
adj
hosti"ity= en$ity
be hosti"e to N= nurse hatred
hosti"e
;ithout hatred
%ee"in!s
NB&BM9T
$usumatli
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
hatred= hosti"ity= en$ity
sho; hatred= hosti"ity= en$ity to N
u"" o hatred= hosti"e
%ee"in!s
8USH)AN
dushmanlik
dushmanlash-
n G NAB"! C
n
v#int
enemy 9o- A;
en$ity
be ene$ies

M,6 n ene$y= oe
)9.>8
raiblik
RAFOBA&
raobat#hi
n
n
n
raAobat Ai"-
n
riva"= co$petitorT opponent
riva"ry= co$petitionT opposition
$ompetition
co$pete
co$petitor

8(LL9&H- v#int R /N bi"an Q riva"= co$pete ;ith N
>GJ6,
ig'vogar
ig'vogarlik
ig'vogarona
n
/NInin! ustida Q yurit-
i!Jvo Ai"-
i!Jvo Ai"uvchi
n
n
ad
provocation= intri!ue
intri!ue= p"ot a!ainst N
provo@e
provocateur
provocateur
provocation= intri!ue
provocativeC"yG

%>T/9
fitna#hi
n
n
p"ot= conspiracy= intri!ue
intri!uer= insti!ator

/NI!a ti" te!i0- s;ear at N= abuse N 4rocesses
M,M,/L9- v#t ind au"t ;ith= deni!rate ,pinion
!ap Aaytar- ans;er bac@= rep"y deiant"y Meanin!
T,)T>&H- v#int
bir-bir"ari bi"an tortish-
have a tu!-o-;ar= pu"" each other
Meanin!
?():- v#int ye"" at= bar@ at
6,6>LL9- v#int ye"" at= bar@ at
9)9L
ara"la-
ara"lash-
n
v#int
v#int
Auarre"= breach
ta@e oence= have a su"@
Auarre"= a"" out Ceach otherG

>NT>L,% n
i'ti"o so"-DchiAar-
diver!ence= discord
so; discord= strie
,pinion
4AN4AL n
janja" Ai"-
upro!r@ br!=l@ Ku!rrel
bra;"= Auarre"

23*
!an!allash-
!an!alkash
v#int
adj
bra;"= Auarre"
Auarre"so$e
T,J49L,/ n noise= ro;= bra;"
GJ96GJ,
g'avg'oli
g'avg'osi"
n
!Jav!Jo Ai"-
adj
adj
noise= ro;= scene
be noisy= $a@e a ro;= $a@e a scene
noisy= scanda"ous
Auiet= peaceu"

GJ9L69 n
!Ja"va Ai"-
Auarre"= ro;= scene
Auarre"= $a@e a ro;= $a@e a scene

T9L9&H-
talash
v#int
n
Auarre"= ar!ue
Auarre"= ar!u$ent= controversy= dispute

9MT>&H- v#int R /N bi"an Q Auarre"= ;ran!"eT be at odds ;ith N Meanin!
2,J.
do'la-
n
/NI!a Q Ai"- D ur-
v#t
threat
threaten N
threaten

4,J4>&9 n
poJpisa Ai"-
threat
threaten

do'-po'pisalar a"" @inds o threats
T9H2>2 n
tahdid Ai"-
threat
threaten

29H&H9T
dahshatli
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
adj
ear= terror= horror
threat
threaten N
terriyin!= threatenin!
($otions
T()),)
terror#hi
terror#hilik
n
terror Ai"-
n
n
terror
terrori0e
terrorist
terroris$
($otions
?98)
!abrla-
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-Det-
v#t
oppression= suerin!
oppress N= torture N
oppress

LBLM n
/NI!a Q ber-DAi"-
0u"$ @oJr-
oppression= yo@e
oppress N
be oppressed

!abr-"ulm oppression
(L-
e"il-
v#t
v#int
crush= sAuee0e
oppress= repress
be oppressed= repressed
4rocesses
FARSH:
arshilik
!d<
pot G NAB"! C
Aarshi tur-
n
/NI!a Q @oJrsat-DAi"-
oppoin"@ !"!int
!"!int A@ $ontr!ry to A
resist
opposition= resistance
protest= resist a!ainst N
)e"ations
MBN,L>%
mu$olifat
mu$olifat#hi
n
n
n
opponent= riva"
opposition
opponent

L>2
"idlik
"idlash-
adj R /NI!a Q
n
/N bi"an Q
opposed to N
contradiction= opposition= con"ict
oppose N
)e"ations
235
T(&:9)> adj R /NI!a Q opposed to N= a!ainst N )e"ations
(JT>),L
e'tiro"si"
n
/N Aarshi Q Ai"-Dbi"dir-
adj
protest= objection
object= protest a!ain N
;ithout objection
Meanin!
GJ9L9M,/ n
!Ja"ayon!a @e"-Dtush-
!Ja"ayon @oJtar-
unrest= a!itation= an!er
!ro; an!ry
revo"t

bosh @oJtar- revo"t 8ody
.,JLGJ,L,/
o'"g'olon#hi
n
AoJ0!Jo"on @oJtar-DAi"-
n
revo"t= rebe""ion= uprisin!
revo"t= rebe"= rise up
rebe"

:SYON
isyon#hi
n
isyon @oJtar-DAi"-
n
rebellion@ revolt
rebe"= rise in rebe""ion= revo"t
rebe"

KURASHE
kurash
kurash#hi
kurash#han
kurash#hanlik
v#int
N9i2;A u$2un C
n
n
adj
n
;rest"e= i!ht
tru""le@ -i"2t@ trive -or A
tru""le@ -i"2t@ -i"2tin"@ b!ttle
i!hter
co$bat-;orth
i!htin! spirit
9ction
M,.9L9&H- v#int i!ht Ceach otherG
URE
urish-
urishish-
v#t
v#int
bir-birisi bi"an Q
v#int
hit= @noc@
be!t@ tri7e
-i"2t
i!ht each other
i!ht each other
4rocesses
ur-sur i!ht
2,J44,&L9- v#t beat un$erciu""y
L9)8C9G n
/NI!a Q ber-
0arba ye-
b"o;= stri@e
stri@e a b"o; at N
be struc@ Ca b"o;G
4rocesses
MB&HTCBMG
mushtla-
mushtlash-
n
$usht @oJrsat-
/NI!a Q so"-
v#t
v#int
ist
sha@e oneJs ist
struc@ N ;ith oneJs ist
punch
e'chan!e b"o;s
8ody
HU4U)
hu!umkor
n
2u<um KilE?etE
n
!tt!$7@ !!ult
!tt!$7@ !!ult
attac@er

T9?,6BL
ta!ovu"kor
n
tajovu0 Ai"-
n
a!!ression= encroach$ent= attac@
a!!ress= encroach on= attac@
a!!ressor= attac@er

8,&.>/+H>
bosin#hilik
n
n
a!!ressor= bandit
a!!ression= cri$e
4rocesses
9G)(&&>6 adj a!!ressive
FUILAE
uvlan-
v#t
v#int
$2!e@ purue
be chased= pursued
Motion
T9J.>8 n pursuit= persecution
231
taJAib Ai"-Det- pursue= persecute
yorib oJt- brea@ throu!h 4rocesses
FOCHE
o#hin
o#ho
o#ho
v#int G NABd!n C
NABd!n CBib 7etE
n
n
n
-lee A@ run !=!y -rom A
e$!pe A@ ev!de A
u!itive= runa;ayT reu!ee
u!itive= deserterT reu!ee= disp"aced person
u!itive= deserter
Motion
9ction
AoJ"!a tush- !et cau!ht
.9M9L n sie!e 4rocesses
)U8O(AA
mudofaa#hi
n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
n
de-en$e
deend a!ainst N
deender

H:)OYA
himoyasi"
himoya#hi
n
NABd!n C KilE
adj
n
protection= deence= support
prote$t -rom A@ de-end@ upport !"!int A
deence"ess= he"p"ess
deenderT "a;yer
9ction
.,J)>-
o'ri
o'rila-
o'ri#hi
v#t
adj
v#t
n
!uard= protect= deend
deence= protection= sae!uard
!uard= deend
!uard

GDALABA
g'alabali
GJ,L>8
g'olibona
M9GJLB8
mag'lubiyat
n
/N ustIidan Q Ao0on-
"D!l!b! KilE
adj
n= adj
ad
$a!J"ub boJ"-
$a!J"ub Ai"-
n
$a!J"ubiyat!a uchra-
vi$tory@ u$$e
be victorious over N
=in@ be vi$toriou
victorious
;inner
victoriousC"yG
be deeated= conAuered
deeat= conAuer
de-e!t
be deeated

L9%9)
"afarli
n
adj
victory
victorious

YENGE
yengil-
yengilmas
yengilmaslik
v#t
v#int
adj
n
de-e!t@ $onKuer
overco$e= sur$ount
be deeated= conAuered
invincib"e
invincibi"ity
+ircu$st#
ustun chiA-DboJ"-D@e"- be victorious= be the victor ,pinion
tor-$or Ai"-Det- deeat= crush
L98T n R 0abt et-DAi"- conAuer= overco$e
>&T>L,
istilo#hi
n
isti"o Ai"-
n
conAuest
conAuer
conAueror

?9H,/G>) n conAueror /ature
/NIni /MI!a $ay" Ai"-
$ay" boJ"-
M ;in over N
be ;on over
Moda"ity
T9&L>M n R /NI!a Q boJ"- surrender to N= capitu"ate
237
taslim#hi n advocate o surrender
,J+H n
/NIdan Q o"-
oJch o"uvchi
reven!e
ta@e reven!e on N
aven!er

FASOS
asos#hi
n
/NIdan Q o"-
n
reven"e@ ven"e!n$e
reven!e o#s# on N
aven!er

FURBON n
Aurbon boJ"-
Aurbon Ai"-
!$ri-i$e@ o--erin"
vi$time@ m!rtyr
sacriice onese"= be sacriied
sacriice
&pirit

UR:SHE
urisho
urisholik
urishtir-
v#int
adj
n
v#t
-i"2t
;ar"i@e= be""icose
be""icosity= ;ar$on!erin!
cause to i!ht= set at odds
+on"ict
URUSH n
jahon urushi
uAaro urushi
=!r@ =!r-!re
;or"d ;ar
civi" ;ar &ociety
4ANG
!ang#hi
!angovar
!angovarlik
!anggoh
n
jan! $aydani
jan! Ai"-
n
adj
n
n
b!ttle
batt"eie"d= ront
i!ht= do batt"e
so"dier= ;arrior
i!htin!
;ar"i@e= ear"ess= ierce
i!htin! spirit
batt"eie"d= ront

H9)8
harbiy
harbiylashtir-
harbiy#ha
n
!d<
n
v#int
adj
;ar= batt"e
milit!ry
re!u"ar so"dier
$i"itari0e
ar$y= $i"itary

ASKAR
askariy
askarlik
n
n
oldier
ar$y= $i"itary
$i"itary service

&,L29T n so"dier
,%>T&() n oicer
G(/()9L n !enera"
&9):9)29 n "eader= co$$ander-in-chie &ociety
.,),6BL
orovullik
orovul$ona
n
n
n
!uard= sentry= ;atch$an
!uard Cduty= activityG
!uardroo$

&,.+H>
so#hilik
n
n
!uard= ;atch$an
!uard Cduty= activityG

.,J)>.+H> n !uard +on"ict
/9689T+H>
navbat#hilik
n
n
on dutyT !uard= ;atch$an
duty
Moda"ity
4,&8,/ n !uardian= sentine"T protector
)9L6(2:9 n inte""i!ence CserviceGT reconnaissance
23-
?,&B& n spy
&H4>,/ n spy
9)M>M9 n ar$y= orces
FODSH:N n !rmy@ troop@ -or$e
,T)92 n detach$ent= troops
L9&H:9)
lashkarboshi
lashkargoh
n
n
n
ar$y= orces
co$$ander
$i"itary ca$pT headAuarters

FUROL
urolli
urolsi"
urollan-
urollantir-
urolsi"lantir-
n
adj
adj
v#int
v#t
v#t
eAuip$ent
!rm@ =e!pon@ !rm!ment@ "un
ar$ed
unar$ed= disar$ed
ar$ o#s#
ar$
disar$
,bjects
M9),GJ n ar$s= ;eapons
KAL&AK
kaltakla-
n
@a"ta@ ye-
v#t
ti$7
!et a beatin!
beat C;ith a stic@G
,bjects
T9M,.
tayola-
n
v#t
stic@
beat C;ith a stic@G
,bjects
.9M+H>
am#hila-
n
Aa$chi bos-
v#t
;hip
;hip
;hip
,bjects
/9ML9 n spear= "ance
F:L:CH
ili#hbo"
n
n
=ord@ !bre
encer

&H9M&H>) n sabre
N9/?9) n da!!er
O&E
otish-
otishma
v#t
v#int
n
-ire 9=e!pon;@ 2oot
ire Ceach otherG
irin!= s@ir$ish
4rocesses
oJt och- ire onDat= she"" &ubstances
M,JL?9L n
/NIni QI!a o"-
ai$
ta@e ai$ at N
9ction
:9M9L9: n bo;
KA)ON n bo=
ODF
o'la-
o'#hi
n
oJAAa tut-
/NI!a Q te!-
v#t
n
!rro=
bullet@ 2ell
shoot= ire= bo$bard
N be struc@= be hit
"oad C;eaponG
bo;$an= ri"e$an= !unner

):L&:F n "un@ ri-le
T,J44,/+H9 n revo"ver= pisto"
4BL(MM,T n $achine-!un
2*0
96T,M9T n $achine-!un
M()G9/ n !un$an= ri"e$an= sniper
hunter= hunts$an <or@
&OD/
to'p#hi
n
n
$!nnon
!unner

L9M89)9: n cannon
4B&H:9 n cannon
)9:(T9 n roc@etT $issi"e Transport
9)T>LL()>M9 n arti""ery
port"ovchi $odda"ar e'p"osive 4rocesses
&/9)M92 n she""
8,M89
bombardmon
n
n
bo$bard$on Ai"-
bo$b
bo$bard$ent
bo$bard

M>/9 n $ine
2,)> n C!unGpo;der Hea"th
o'-dori a$$unitions
.9L.,/ n shie"d
2B8BLGH9 n Ctraditiona"G he"$et
:9&:9 n he"$et +"othin!
T9/: n tan@

MBL,:9)9 n
$u0o@ara o"ib bor-
$u0o@ara o"ib boruvchi
discussion= debate= ne!otiation
conduct ne!ociations
ne!ociator
Meanin!
bir-biri!a yon ber- co$e to!ether= dra; c"oser to!ether Location
oJ0aro @e"ish- co$e to!ether= dra; c"oser to!ether )e"ations
MB),&9
murosasi"
murosa#hi
n
$urosa Ai"-
adj
n
reconci"iation= co$pro$ise
reconci"e= $a@e concessions
unco$pro$isin!
$ediator

T>/+H
tinchlik
tin#hliksevar
ad
n
adj
AuietC"yG= peaceu"C"yG= ca"$C"yG
pe!$e
paciic
(vents
+haracter
T,TB6
totuvlik
adj
n
riend"y= peaceu"
riendship= peace

tin#h-totuv peaceu"C"yG
8,&-
bosil-
v#t
v#int
4rocesses
&BLH n
su"h tu0-DAi"-
peace= ar$istice= reconci"iation
$a@e peace

2*1
4uti$e
A8OLA&
adolatli
adolatsi"
adolatsi"lik
adolatparvar
n
adj
adj
n
n
<uti$e@ ri"2teoune
just= ri!hteous
unjust
injustice
ri!hteous $an
8ehaviour
H9..,/>M
haoniylik
haoniyat
adj
n
n
just= appropriate
justice= appropriateness
justice= "e!iti$acy= appropriateness
,pinion
HAF
hali
halik
noha
nohali
HB.B.
huuli
huusi"
huushunos
huushunoslik
n
ish haAi
/CishGNI!a QIi bor
adj R /CishGNI!a Q
n
adj
adj
n
inson huAuA"ari
adj
adj
n
n
ri"2t@ due@ debt
pay= ;a!es
have a ri!ht to N
havin! a ri!ht to N
ri!ht Con oneJs sideG
a!ainst the "a;T unjust
;ithout the ri!ht
ri!hts
"a;
hu$an ri!hts
havin! ri!htsT co$petent
havin! no ri!ht
"a;yer= jurist
"a; Cas a discip"ineG
(cono$y
GB/,H
gunohsi"
gunohkor
begunoh
begunohlik
n
adj
n
!d<
n
sin= cri$e
innocent
sinner= !ui"ty personT the accused
cri$ina"
inno$ent
innocence

AYB
aybdor
aybsi"
aybla-
ayblan-
ayblanuv#hi
n
!d<
adj
v#t
v#int
n
"uilt@ -!ultJ di"r!$e
"uiltyJ t2e !$$ued@ de-end!nt
innocent
accuse= put the b"a$e on= ind au"t ;ith
!et b"a$ed
the accused= deendant
9ppraisa"
H>M,M9+H> n deenderT "a;yer +on"ict
?96,8G9) adj R /NI!a Q responsib"e
!ui"ty
9ction
&H>:,M9T
shikoyat#hi
n
n
co$p"aint
co$p"ain about N
"iti!ant
9ppraisa"
9)L
9)>L9
n
ar0 Ai"-Det-
n
/NI!a Q ber-
co$p"aint= p"ea= reAuest
co$p"ain
appea"= app"ication= petition
appea" to N
co$p"ain about N
9ppraisa"
2,2
dodla-
n
v#int
co$p"aint= ;ai"in!
co$p"ain= ;ai"
9ppraisa"

4:NOYA& n $rime
2*2
jinoyatchi
!inoyatkorona
?>/,>M
jinoyat Ai"-
n
ad
adj
co$$it a cri$e
$rimin!l
cri$ina"C"yG
cri$ina"
4,)9
pora$o'r
pora$o'rlik
n
pora ber-DDo"-
n
n
bribe
bribe DD ta@e bribes
corrupt person
bribery= corruption

:,))B4&>M9 n corruption
&,NT9
so$talashtir-
so$tagar
adj
v#t
n
a"se= or!ed
or!e= a"siy
or!er
Meanin!
9L29M+H>
aldam#hliki
n
n
cheat= s;ind"er= deceiver
tric@ery= s;ind"e= trap
Manner
&B>>&T(JM,L n
/NIdan Q Ai"-
$isuse= use ;ron!"y= abuse
$isuse N= use N ;ron!"y
Manner
ODGDR:
o'g'irla-
ogirlat-
o'g'irlik
o'g'rin#ha
n
v#t
v#t R /NIini Q
n
oJ!Jir"i@ Ai"-
adv
t2ie-@ bur"l!r
te!l@ rob
be robbed o N
stea"in!= robbery= thet
stea"= rob
stea"thi"y= secret"y= covert"y Mind
:>&&96B) n pic@poc@et +"othin!
.9),.+H>
aro#hilik
n
n
robber= bandit
robbery= banditry

/NI!a bosib @ir- burst in N= brea@ into N Motion
T9L9-
talon
talon#hi
v#t
n
ta"on Ai"-
n
p"under= bur!"e
p"under= robbery
p"under= bur!"e
p"underer= robber

8(L,)>
be"orilik
n
n
hoo"i!an
hoo"i!anis$

%,H>&H9
fohishalik
fohisha$ona
n
n
n
prostitute
prostitution
brothe"

bu0uA 'otin i$$ora" ;o$an= prostitute 8ehaviour
L,J)L9-
"o'rlash-
v#t
v#int
rape
!et raped
Moda"ity
no$usIi!a te!- rape &e"->$a!e
ODL8:RE v#t
oJ"dirish
7ill@ murder
$urder

FO&:L
otillik
n
n
Aoti""i@ Ai"-
murderer@ 7iller
$urder
$urder

&B>.9&2
suiasd#hi
n
/NI!a Q Ai"-
n
atte$pt on sbJs "ie
atte$pt on NJs "ie
$urderer

,29MN,J)
odam$o'rlik
n
n
canniba"= $urderer
canniba"is$
Hu$ans
2*3
.>)GJ>/ n s"au!hter

4AZO
jazola-
!a"olan-
n
/NI!a /M uchun Q ber-
/NI!a /M uchun Q beri"-
oJ"i$ ja0osi
v#t
v#int
puni2ment
punish N or M
CNG be punished or M
death pena"ty
puni2@ pen!liHe
!et punished= pena"i0ed

/NI!a chora @oJr-
/NI!a chora @oJri"-
punish N
CNG be punished

/NI!a hu@$ Ai"- sentence to N ?ustice
/NIni /MI!a @es- sentence N to M 4rocesses
&HT)9% n
shtra Ai"-Dso"-
ine= pena"ty
ine

?9)>M9 n
jari$a toJ"a-
ine= pena"ty
pay a ine

9M/>&T>M9 n a$nesty

FONUN
onuniy
onuniylik
onuniyat
onunlash-
onunlashtir-
onunsi"
onunsi"lik
noonuniy
n
Aonun"ar CtoJp"a$iG
adj
n
n
v#int
v#t
adj
n
adj
l!=
code
"e!a"= "a;u"
"e!a"ity= "a;u"ness
"a; Cre!u"ar patternG
be "e!a"i0ed
"e!a"i0e
i""e!a"T "a;"ess
i""e!a"ityT "a;"essness
i""e!a"
+ate!ory
&H9)>9T
&H9)J>M
n
adj
&hariat Cre"i!ious "a; o >s"a$G
"a;u" Caccordin! to the &hariatG
&pirit
MB)>2>:
MB)>&T
adj
n
juridica"
jurist

92L>M9 n Cad$inistration oG justice
SU8
sudya
sudla-
n
ud KilE
n
v#t
$ourtJ tri!l
try@ <ud"e
<ud"e
try= jud!e

HUK)
hukmnoma
H9:9M
M9H:9M9
n
/N ustIidan Q chiAar-
/NI!a Q Ai"-
n
n
n
<ud"ement@ enten$e@ verdi$t
sentence N
sentence to N
jud!e$ent
jud!e= reeree
"a; court

.,L>
o"i$ona
n
n
Aa0i C$us"i$ jud!eG
court
&pirit
MB%T> n $uti Carbiter in is"a$ic "a;G &pirit
H,:>M n "oca" ru"er= jud!e &ociety
):L:&S:YA n
militiy! boMlimi
poli$e@ militi!
poli$e t!tion

2*3
militsiya$ona
$i"itsiya idorasi D uchast@asi
n
po"ice station
po"ice station
4,L>T&>M9
politsiya#hi
n
n
po"ice
po"ice$an

Mi""iy Navsi0"i@ Ni0$ati C&/8G /ationa" &ecurity &ervice +ircu$st#
T()G,6+H> n detective= e'a$inin! jud!e Mind
GUIOH
guvohlik
guvohnoma
n
!uvoh boJ"ib chiA-
n
!uvoh"i@ Ai"-Dber-
n
=itne
testiy
testi$ony
testiy= !ive evidence
attestation= certiicate

&H,H>2
shohidlik
n
n
shohid"i@ Ai"-
;itness= eye;itness
testi$ony

29L,L9T n
da"o"at ber-
testi$ony= evidence

A8IOKA& n l!=yer@ !ttorney
,.L,6+H> n "a;yer
4),:B),) n prosecutor
.,)9L,6+H> n prosecutor 4roperties
H>8& n
hibs!a o"-
arrest
arrest

.9M9-
amal-
amo
qamoqxona
v#t
v#int
n
Aa$oAAa o"-
Aa$oAda yot-DoJtir-
n
arrest
be arrested
arrest= detention
be arrested= be put in jai"
be in jai"= be i$prisoned
prion@ <!il
4rocesses
TB)M9
turma#hi
n
n
prison
jai"er

L>/2,/ n dun!eon
M9H8B&
mahbuslik
n
n
prisoner= convict
detention

9&>)
asirlik
n
asir!a o"-
n
prisoner= captive= prisoner-o-;ar
capture= arrest
captivity

TBT.B/
tutunlik
n
tutAun boJ"- DD Ai"- D Ai"ib o"-
n
captive= prisoner
!et captive DD capture= ta@e CsbG prisoner
captivity

:>&H9/ n
@ishan so"-
handcusT etters= chains= bonds
handcuT etter

2**
6or7 !nd /oeion
/oeion !nd E>$2!n"e
BOR
borli
adj
NYBnin" NABi C
NYBd! NA C
/MI!a /N Q
n
e'istent= present
9Y; 2!ve A 9poeion;
9Y; 2!ve A 9=it2 it;
there is N or M
possessionCsG
(ntities
YODF adj
NYBnin" NABi C
NYBd! NA C
non-e'istent= absent
9Y; 2!ve not A 9poeion;
9Y; 2!ve not A 9=it2 it;
(ntities
EGA
egalik
egalla-
n G NABnin" CBi
NAB"! C
/NI!a Q boJ"-
n
e!a"i@ Ai"-
v#t
e!a""ab o"-
o=ner@ re$ipient 9o- A;
o=n A@ poe A@ 2!ve A
!et= acAuire NT o;n= possess= have N
o;nership= possession
o;n= possess
occupy= ta@e over
ta@e over

.9)9&HL>
arashlikik
adj R /NI!a Q
n
be"on!in! to N
be"on!in!s
)e"ations
T(G-
tegish
tegishli
tegishlilik
v#int R /MI!a /N Q
n
adj R /NI!a Q
n
CMG receive N= CMG !et N
share= portion
appropriate= re"evant to N
be"on!in! to N
be"on!in!s
4rocesses
)e"ations
BLB&H n share= part= a""ot$ent
M,/ /NInin! QIidaDdanD!a near N= beside N
on N= ;ith N
Location
)OL n property@ poeion@ belon"in"
co$$odity= !oods= artic"es= produce
9ni$a"s
(cono$y
MBL:
mulkiy
mulkdor
mulk#hilik
n
'usisiy $u"@
adj
n
n
property
private property
CoG property
o;ner Co an enterprise= estateG
syste$ o o;nership

mol-mulk % yer-mulk property
'ususiy"ashtirish n privati0ation &ociety
AAZ:NA
$a"ina#hi
n
n
tre!ure
treasurer

N,J?9M>/ n $asterT o;ner= boss
host
husband
&ociety
&ocia"
%a$i"y

BOY
boylik
!d< G NAB"!
n
oHta boy"ar
n
ri$2 in A@ =e!lt2y 9l?-;
;ea"thy person= sAuire
the very rich
=e!lt2@ ri$2e@ reour$e

2*5
boyi-
tabiiy boy"i@"ar
v#int
natura" resources
!ro; rich
2B/M,
dunyoparast
n
n
;ea"th
!reedy= !raspin! person 8ehaviour
296L9T
davlatli
davlatmand
badavlat
n
adj
adj
adj
;ea"th= riches= !ood ortune
;ea"thy= rich
;ea"thy= rich
;ea"thy= rich= prosperous

4BL2,) adj rich (cono$y
)ODL
mo'l&#hi'lik
!d<
$oJ" boJ"-
n
!bund!nt@ plenti-ul@ ri$2
be abundant
abundance= prousion
.uantity
&(),8
serobgar#hilik
adj
serob boJ"-
n
abundant= p"entiu"
be abundant
abundance= prousion
.uantity
T,J.
to'lik
adj
n
u""= rep"ete
prosperous
satiety
prosperity
6ita"
%9),6,/
farovonlik
farovonlash-
adj
n
v#int
prosperous= abundant
prosperity= ;e""-bein!
!et prosperous= deve"op

&9,29T
saodatli
n
adj
happy= prosperous
($otions
ba$t-saodat
ba$t-saodatli
happy= prosperous
($otions
89)9:9
barakali
barakasi"
n
/NI!a Q ber-DAi"-
adj
adj
abundance= prosperity
b"ess N
prosperous= "ourishin!
dec"inin!
&pirit
GBLL9- v#int b"osso$= "ourish C"DG 4"ants
,8,2C,/G adj prosperous= "ourishin!
2982989
dabdabali
n
adj
po$p= sp"endour= $a!niicence
sp"endid= $a!niicent

H9&H9M9T
hashamatli
n
adj
"u'ury= $a!niicence= "avishness
"u'urious= su$ptuous= $a!niicent= "avish

ya'shi yashaydi!an"ar
oHrta yashaydi!an"ar
the ;e""-to-do
the $idd"e c"ass

KA)BAGDAL
kambag'allik
kambag'allash-
!d< G NAB"! C
n
n
v#int
poor in A@ needy@ 2ort o- A 9l?-;
poor person
poverty= neediness
!et poorer= beco$e i$poverished

%9.>)
fairlik
adj
n
poor
poverty

.9&H&H,.
ashsholik
adj
n
AashshoA"i@@a tush-
poor= ;retched= poverty-stri@en
poverty= ;retechedness
a"" on bad ti$es= beco$e i$poverished

MBHT,?
muhto!lik
adj
n
needy= in need
poverty= neediness

2*1
8(+H,)9
be#horalik
/,+H,)
adj
n
n= adj
poor= pitiu"= $iserab"e
poverty= $isery
destitute= $iserab"e
Manner
M,J.+H>L>: n poverty= destitution 4ossession
N,) adj
$or-"or
$or-"orlik
poverty= ruineT hu$i"iation
9ppraisa"
2(6,/9 n be!!ar= poor $an
G92,M
gadoylik
n
n
be!!ar
be!!in!

,+H9)+H>L>: n a$ine 6ita"

OLE
oldir-
olin-
v#t
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
o"dirib AoJy-
v#int
ta@e
obt!in@ "et@ !$Kuire
buy@ pur$2!e
cause M to ta@e D !et N
"ose
be ta@en= be obtained
4rocesses
.,L,/- v#t !ain= ;in= obtain 9ction
AoJ"!a @irit- sei0e= obtain= !et 8ody
(G9LL9-
egallan-
v#t
e!a""ab o"-
v#int
occupy= ta@e over
ta@e over
be occupied= be ta@en over
4ossession
&O/E
topish
topil-
v#t
Aidirib D i0"ab top-
Cnu$N /MG pu" ish"ab top-
n
v#int
ind= discover= detect
"!in@ e!rn@ "et
Csearch andG ind
earn N MCScurrencyG= $oney
earnin!s= !ains
be ound= discovered= earned
Mind
MBT-
yuti"
yuti"i
v#t
yutib o"-
v#t
n
;in= !ain
;in= !ain
"ose
"ossT ai"ure

M(),&
meros$o'r
n
$eros o"-
n
herita!e= inheritance= "e!acy
inherit
heir

6,)>& n
voris boJ"-
heir= successor
inherit

69&>M9T
vasiyatnoma
n
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
n
testa$ent= ;i""
beAueath N to M
testa$ent

YODFO&E v#t
yoJAotib AoJy-
yoJAotish
loe
e"i$inate= ;ipe out= !et rid o
"ose
"ossCesG
9ction
/NIni boy ber- "ose N= ;aste N 4ossession
9M)>L- v#int R /NIdan Q
/NIdan Q
"eave N
4rocesses
2*7
9?)9-
a!rat-
a!ratil-
a!ral-
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t
v#int R /N uchun Q
v#int R /NIdan Q
divide= sp"itT dispatch
be reserved or N
4rocesses
&ASHLAE
tashlandi
tashlandi
v#t
tash"ab AoJy-
adj
n
thro;= thro; a;ay
!b!ndon@ $!t !ide
!ive up= stop
abandon= cast aside= put aside= "eave
abandoned= ne!"ected
!arba!e= reuse
4rocesses
Moda"ity
%ee"in!s
:(+H- v#int R /NIdan Q !ive up N= abandon N Motion
BERE
beril-
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
berib turE
v#int
/CishGNI!a Q
"ive A to Y@ "r!nt A to Y
lend
be !iven= !ranted
devote o#s# to N Manner
/NIni /MI!a o"ib ber- pass M to N 4ossession
UZA&E v#t
u0atib yubor-
2!nd over@ p!@ "ive
pass
Motion
M(T:9L- v#t
yet@a0ib ber-
trans$it= pass on= convey= de"iver
pass on= de"iver
Motion
T,4&H>)- v#t hand over= de"iver N to M 9ction
o'lma-o'l ro$ hand to hand 8ody
T9JM>/
ta'minla-
ta'minot
n R /NIni /M bi"an Q et-
n
supp"y N ;ith M
supp"y N ;ith M
supp"iesT !uarantee

T9.2>M n R /NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-Det- oer= present= donate N to M
SOIGDA n
sov!Ja Ai"-
sov!Ha"ar doH@oni
preent@ "i-t
!ive a present= a !it
!it shop

H92M9 n
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
present= !it
$a@e M a present= a !it o N

T,)T>. n present= !it
TBH%9 n present= !it
>/J,M n present= !it
89GJ>&HL9- v#t dedicate
be!Hara0 yorda$ hu$anitarian aid %ee"in!s
:4ARA
i!ara#hi
i!arador
n
ijara haAi
ijara!a ber-DAoJy-
ijara!a o"-DDoJtir-
n
n
rent
rent C$oneyG
"et= rent out
rent= hire DD rent Ca houseG
hirer out= renter outT hirer= tenant
hirer out= renter out

CM,JLG:>)9 n
@ira!a ber-DDo"-
char!e= are Cvehic"eG
hire out DD hire Cvehic"eG
(cono$y
8,JL- v#t
/NIni /MI!a boJ"ib ber-
separate
distribute N to M= share N a$on! M
4rocesses
T9.&>M n distribution .uantity
2*-
taqsimla-
tasimlan-
/NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
v#t G NABni NYB"! C
v#int R /NI!a Q
ditribute A to Y@ divide A by Y
be distributed a$on! N
T9)9T- v#t
/NIni /MI!a Q
scatter= disperse= spread out
distribute N to M
4rocesses
.9MT9)- v#t
K!yt!rib berE
Aaytarib o"-
send bac@= return
end b!$7@ return
!et bac@
Motion
AL)ASH&:RE v#t G NABni NYB"! C
pu" a"$ashtirish doH@oni
$2!n"e A -or Y@ e>$2!n"e A -or Y
orei!n e'chan!e oice= chan!e
(vents
9L>&HT>)- v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q chan!e N or M= e'chan!e N or M
9M>)8,&H
ayirboshla-
n R /NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-
v#t
ayirbosh"ash
e'chan!e N or M
e'chan!e
e'chan!e= barter
(vents
250
6or7 !nd /rodu$tion
:SH
ishli
ishsiz
ishsi"lik
ishla-
ishchi
ishxona
n
ish Ai"-
ish!a bor-DD ishdan chiA-
ish @uni
ish a'tar-
ishdan boJshat-
adj
!d<
n
v#int
n
n
$atter= aair= business= thin!
=or7@ <ob@ t!7
do ;or@
!o to ;or@ DD !o o ;or@
dayJs ;or@T ;or@in! day
see@ job
dis$iss= "ay o
e$p"oyed= havin! a job
unemployed
une$p"oy$ent
=or7
=or7er@ =or7m!n
o--i$eJ =or72op
(ntities
9ction
Mind
<or@
Housin!
MBMB&H n ;or@= job= tas@ 9ction
)EHNA&
mehnatsi"
mehnatkash
n
$ehnat Ai"-
adj
n
=or7@ l!bour
;or@
;ithout ;or@in!
l!bourer@ =or7er <or@
A:Z)A&
$i"matdosh
xizmatchi
$i"matkor
n
Aora 'i0$at
QI!a borDDIdan tush-
QI!a o"-DDIdan chiAar-
>iHm!t KilE
n
n
n
=or7@ l!bourJ <ob
ervi$e
dirty ;or@
!o to ;or@ DD !o o ;or@
appoint= hire DD dis$iss
erve@ =or7
co""ea!ue= e""o; ;or@er
employee@ ervi$e =or7er
servant
servant

M9)2>:,) n day "abourer= casua" "abourer
H9M:,) n co""aborator
co""ea!ue= e""o;-;or@er
9ction
H9&H9) n $utua" he"p= co""ective ;or@ <or@
9G(/T
agentlik
n
n
a!ent
a!ency

HUNAR
hunarmand
hunarmandlik
hunarmand#hilik
n
n
n
n
$r!-t@ 2!ndi$r!-t@ pro-eion@ tr!de
s@i""= ta"ent
crats$an= artisan
handicrats
crat industry
Moda"ity
.,HLHB/9) n handicrats <or@
AoH" $ehnati handicrats Chand$adeG <or@
.,HL8,L9 adj ho$e-$adeT hand$ade
B&T9 n ore$an= $aster ;or@er :no;"ed!e
&H,G>)2
shogirdlik
n
n
apprentice
apprenticeship
:no;"ed!e
KASB
kasbiy
kasbdosh
n
adj
n
pro-eion@ o$$up!tion@ pe$i!lity
proessiona"= occupationa"
o the sa$e trade= occupation

251
hamkasb
:9&989
:,&>8
kosib#hilik
n
@asaba uyush$asi D soyu0i
n
n
o the sa$e trade= occupation
proession= trade
trade union
crats$an= artisan
crat industry

>&HL9- v#t
i2l!b $2iK!rE
i2l!b $2iK!ri2
ish"ab chiAaruvchi
ish"ab chiAari"-
;or@ C$ateria"G
produ$e
produ$tion
producer
be produced
<or@
M(T>&HT>)-
yetishtiril-
v#t
v#int
produceT brin! up= breed
be producedT be brou!ht up= be bred
Motion
M9/89I> n sourceT ori!in (ntities
)(&B)& n
resurs"ar
resource
resources

L9N>)9 n stoc@= reserve
L949& n stoc@= reserve= supp"y
N,M adj
'o$ ashyoD$o""ar
unripe
ra;
ra; $ateria"s

9&HM,I> n $ateria"s= !oods
M9T()>9L n $ateria"s
M9H&BL
mahsulot
mahsuldor
mahsuldorlik
H,&>L
hosildor
hosilot
n
n
adj
n
n
hosi" Ai"-
adj
n
produce= product= resu"t
output@ produ$tion@ yield@ produ$t
productive
productivity
harvest= crop
produce= create= bui"d
productive
production= harvest
(ntities
(cono$y
B/BM
unumli
unumdor
unumdorlik
unumsi"
n
adj
adj
n
adj
harvest= yie"d
output
erti"e C"andGT productive
productivity
inerti"e= barren C"andGT unproductive
(cono$y

SH:RKA& n $omp!ny@ -irm@ $ooper!tive o$iety
:,M49/>M9 n co$pany
%>)M9 n ir$
:,)N,/9
kor$ona#hi
n
/N QI"ari
n
enterprise= business
the N industry
entrepreneur

%>L>9L n subsidiary co$pany
BODL:) n e$tion@ unit@ dep!rtment@ diviion .uantity
N,J?9M>/
$o'!ayinlik
n
n R 'oJjayin"i@ Ai"-
$asterT o;ner= boss
$ana!e Chouseho"dG aairs= be the boss
&ociety
252
)U8:R
mudirlik
n
n R $udir Ai"-
dire$tor@ m!n!"er@ 2e!d
$ana!e= head

2>)(:T,) n director
BOSHFARE
bosharma
bosharuv
boshqaruvchi
v#t
n
n
n
m!n!"e@ dire$t@ be in $2!r"e o-
depart$ent
$ana!e$ent
m!n!"er@ dire$tor

M(/(?()
M(/(?M(/T
n
n
$ana!er
$ana!e$ent

:8ORA
idoraviy
idora#hilik
n
idora Ai"-
adj
n
o--i$e@ !"en$y@ unit@ dep!rtment
$ana!e= run= ad$inister= supervise
ad$inistrative
ad$inistration

MB9&&9&9 n oice= aci"itiesT institute= institution
,%>& n oice
N,2>M n personne" $e$ber= oice ;or@er= associate
9M9L
amaldor
amalparast
n
n
n
post= position= job
oicia"= civi" servant
careerist= se"-see@er
&tate
M9/&98 n oicia" position= post= ran@ &tate
L96,L>M n Chi!hG unction= position= post
:92) n e'pert= cadre
M,LL9-
yollan-
yollanma
yollanuv#hi
v#t
v#int
adj
n
hire= recruit= e$p"oy
be hired= recruited= e$p"oyed
hired= recruited= e$p"oyed
e$p"oyer

T9M>/
tayinla-
tayinlan-
adj R /NIni /MI!a Q Ai"-Det-
/NI!a Q Ai"in-Deti"-
v#t R /NIni /MI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
appoint N to M
be appointed to N
appoint N to M
be appointed to N
:no;"ed!e
+H>.9)- v#t R /NIdan Q dis$iss= re$ove= e'pe" ro$ N Motion
8,J&H-
bo'shat-
v#int R /NIdan Q
v#t R /NIdan Q
resi!n ro$ NCS;or@= post= oiceG
re$ove ro$ NCS;or@= post= oiceG
4roperties
>&T(J%, n
isteJo ber- D isteJo!a chiA-
resi!nation
hand in oneJs resi!nation

i2 t!2l!E
ish tash"ash
ish tash"ovchi
"o on tri7e
stri@e
stri@er
4ossession
L989&T,6:9
"abastovka#hi
n
n
stri@e
stri@er

8EHFON
dehon#hilik
n
n
-!rmer@ pe!!nt@ -!rmE=or7er
a!ricu"ture= cu"tivation= ar$in!
&ociety
Ki2loK >oD<!li"i !"ri$ulture Housin!
%()M() n ar$er
:,LN,L+H> n @o"@ho0 ;or@er= ar$er <or@
253
8ALA n
da"a ish"ari
-ieldJ $ountryide
cu"tivation o ie"ds

4,L>L n ie"d= p"antation= ve!etab"e !arden
T,M,).9 n s$a"" !arden= p"ot
8BGJ2,ML>: n ;heatie"d 4"ants
&H,L>4,M9 n paddy ie"d 4"ants
GJ,JL94,M9 n cotton ie"d 4"ants
/AA&AKOR
49NT9+H>L>:
49NT9L,)
n
n
n
$otton "ro=er
cotton !ro;in!
cotton ie"d
4"ants
pa'ta teruvchi cotton pic@er 4"ants
oK oltin $otton 4"ants
.,6B/L>: n $e"on ie"d 4"ants
M(69L,) n orchard 4"ants
$eva"i bo!J ruit !arden= orchard 4"ants
,LM9L,) n app"e orchard 4"ants
&H9%T,L>L,) n peach orchard 4"ants
BLBML,) n vineyard 4"ants
T,:L,) n vineyard 4"ants
>49:+H>
ipak#hilik
n
n
si"@;or$ breeder
si"@;or$ breedin!
+"othin!
TBTL,) n $u"berry orchard 4"ants
yer och- c"ear "and
&,+H- v#t so; 4rocesses
EKE
ekil-
ekin&lar'
ekin"or
v#t
v#int
n
n
o=@ pl!nt
be so;n= be p"anted
so;in!T crops
p"ant= p"antation

T>:-
tikil-
v#t
v#int
p"ant
be p"anted

?,JM9: n urro;
yer hayda- p"ou!h Motion
HOS:L
hosildor
hosilot
n
NABd!n C olE
$oJ" hosi"
adj
n
2!rvet@ $rop
2!rvet
!ood harvest
productive
production= harvest
(cono$y
B/BM
unumli
unumdor
unumdorlik
unumsi"
n
adj
adj
n
adj
harvest= yie"d
output
productivity
inerti"e= barren C"andGT unproductive
(cono$y
yig'im-teg'im harvest
253
,J)M,/+H> n orester /ature
+H,)69
#horva#hi
#horva#hilik
#horvador
n
n
n
n
"ivestoc@
ani$a" breeder= herder
ani$a" breedin!= husbandry
herd o;ner

M9ML,6 n $eado;T su$$er pasture /ature
,JTL,. n $eado;T pasture= ran!e /ature
,J)-
o'rim
o'ro
v#t
n
n
$o;= cut C!rassG
$o;in!= reapin!= harvest
sic@"e ,bjects
CHOD/ON n 2ep2erd
.,JM+H>6,/ n shepherd 9ni$a"s
M>L.>8,.9) n horse herder 9ni$a"s
4,29+H> n co;herd 9ni$a"s
TBM9:9&H n ca$e" driver 9ni$a"s
$o" boAarDDboAuvchi co;herd= catt"e-drover 9ni$a"s
,GH>L n barn
M,LN,/9 n sheepo"d= co;shed= barn 9ni$a"s
,TN,/9 n stab"e= barn 9ni$a"s
M(M n odder= ood Cor ani$a"sG %ood
&,GJ- v#t $i"@
OI
ovla-
ov#hi
n
ov!a chiA- DD ov Ai"-
v#t
ov"ash
n
2unt
!a$e
!o huntin! DD hunt
2unt 9!nim!l;
hunt
hunter

M()G9/ n hunter= hunts$an +on"ict
89L>.
baliqchi
bali#hilik
n R ba"iA ovi
ba"iA ov"a- D tut-
n
n
ishin!
ish
-i2erm!n
ishin!
9ni$a"s
T()M9+H>L>: n !atherin! 4rocesses
%()M9 n ar$ Housin!
N,J?9L>: n ar$ (cono$y
:,LN,L n Cco""ectiveG ar$= @o"@ho0
&,6N,L n state ar$= sov@ho0
&BGJ,)-
sug'oril-
v#t
su!Jorish
v#int
;ater= irri!ate
irri!ation
be irri!ated
4roperties
>))>G9T&>M9 n irri!ation
.B2B. n ;e""
AR:F n 9irri"!tion; $!n!l@ dit$2
9/H,) n s$a"" riverT irri!ation cana" /ature
25*
:9/9L n cana"
T,JGJ,/ n da$= dy@e
ODGD:&
o'g'itla-
n
oJ!Jit ber-
v#t
-ertiliHer@ m!nure
erti"i0e
erti"i0e

,M,+H n p"ou!h= p"o; ,bjects
4LBG n p"ou!h= p"o; ,bjects
T)9:T,) n tractor
:,M89M/ n co$bine harvester
T(G>)M,/ n $i""

SANOA&
sanoatlash-
sanoat#hi
n
yen!i" DD o!Jir sanoat
o0iA-ovAat sanoati
v#int
n
indutry
"i!ht DD heavy industry
ar$-produce industry
beco$e industri"i0ed
$anuacturer= industria"ist

>/2B&T)>M9
>/2B&T)>9L
n
adj
industry
industria"

ZAIO8 n -!$tory Housin!
%98)>:9 n actory Housin!
B&T9N,/9 n ;or@shop <or@
)(M,/TN,/9 n repair shop 9ction
,M8,)
ombor#hi
n
n
;arehouse= storehouse= reservoir
;arehouse$an
Housin!
e"e@tr stansiyasi
yadro stansiyasi
po;er station D p"ant
nuc"ear po;er station
&ubstances
&ubstances
:,/
kon#hi
kon#hilik
n R /N QIi
@on ishchi
n
n
N $ine
$iner
$iner
$inin! industry

&H9NT9
&H9NTM,)
n
n
$ine= pit
$iner

net DD !a0 $aydoni oi"ie"d DD !as ie"d &ubstances
/(%T+H> n oi" ;or@er &ubstances
:SHCH: n
@on ishchi
Aora ishchi
=or7er@ =or7m!n
$iner
"abourer= uns@i""ed ;or@er
<or@
M(H/9T:9&H n "abourer= ;or@er <or@
T(N/>: n technician= $echanic :no;"ed!e
29&TB)L,6+H> n pro!ra$$er +o$$#
>/?(/()
in!enerlik
n
n
en!ineer
en!ineerin!

)UHAN8:S n en"ineer
HB/9)M9/2 n crats$an= artisan <or@
255
:,&>8 n crats$an= artisanT shoe$a@er <or@
)(M,/T+H> n repairer= restorer 9ction
SOA&SOZ n =!t$2m!7er ,bjects
.BL%+H> n "oc@s$ith ,bjects
ZARGAR n <e=eler@ "oldmit2 +"othin!
T(M>)+H> n b"ac@s$ith &ubstances
M,GJ,+H+H> n carpenter &ubstances
M9M,.+H> n cobb"er +"othin!
M(N9/>: n $echanic
(L(:T),M(N9/>: n e"ectrician
8>/,:,) n bui"der Housin!
.B)B6+H> n bui"der= constructor C"DG Housin!
MB:+H> n "oader ,bjects
8,JM,.+H> n ChouseG painterT dyer ,bjects
!Jisht teruvchi $ason= bric@"ayer= bui"der Housin!
2B)92G,) n carpenter Housin!
8,GJ8,/ n !arderner Housin!

T,J.>M9+H> n ;eaver +"othin!
G>L9M+H> n carpet= ru! ;eaver ,bjects
&:KUICH: n drem!7er@ t!ylor +"othin!
+H(69) n sea$stress= dress$a@er +"othin!
E&:K8ODZ n 2oem!7er +"othin!
.9L4,.2,JL n hatter +"othin!
2,J44>2,JL n $a@er o s@u""caps +"othin!
G9LL9M9%B)B&H n draper= c"othier +"othin!
8,JM,.+H> n ChouseG painterT dyer +"othin!

&H,%M,) n driver= chaueur Transport
HAY8OICH: n driver Motion
B+HB6+H> n pi"ot Cp"aneG Transport
&TMB9)2(&&9 n ste;ardess Transport
2(/G>L+H> n sai"or= sea$an Transport
:94>T9/ n captain Transport
te$ir yoJ"chi rai";ay ;or@er Transport
4,+HT9LM,/ n post$an +o$$#
/OCH&ACH: n pot o--i$e =or7er@ m!ilm!n +o$$#
MBGB)29: n courier= $essen!er +o$$#
)92>,+H> n ;ire"ess operator +o$$#
251
9L,.9+H> n co$$unications ;or@er +o$$#
9)N>T(:T,) n architect Housin!
)ED)OR n !r$2ite$t Housin!

>&H8>L9)M,/ n business$an
8>L/(&M(/ n business$an (cono$y
&962,G9) n $erchant= trader= business$an (cono$y
8>)?9+H> n stoc@bro@er (cono$y
SO&UICH: n !leperon@ eller (cono$y
8,L,)+H> n sta""ho"der (cono$y
M9G9L>/+H> n shop assistant= sa"esc"er@ (cono$y
2,J:,/2,)
2,J:,/+H>
n
n
shop@eeper
shop@eeper
(cono$y
89..,L n s$a"" trader= !rocer (cono$y
M,MM9+H> n street ped"ar (cono$y
NOIIOY n b!7er %ood
FASSOB n but$2er %ood
:,J:+H> n ve!etab"e se""er %ood
&H9:9)49L n conectioner %ood
.9/2,L9T+H> n conectioner %ood
:98,849L n @ebab se""er %ood
,JT>/%B)B&H n se""er o ire;ood &ubstances
GBL+H> n "orist 4"ants
9TT,) n peru$er +"othin!
@itob sotuvchi boo@se""er +o$$#
@oJ0oyna@ $uta'assis optician +"othin!
OSH/AZ n $oo7 %ood
SAR&AROSH n 2!irdreer@ b!rber +"othin!
M9/>:B)+H> n $anicure +"othin!
29LL,L n bro@er= $idd"e$an (cono$y
M9&L9H9T+H> n adviserT consu"tant= counse"or 9ction
A:Z)A&CH:
A:Z)A&KOR
n
n
'i0$at@or ayo"
employee@ ervi$e =or7er
servant
erv!nt
$aid
<or@
+H,MN,/9+H> n tea house ;or@er %ood
&9M,69)+H> n tea house ;or@er %ood
+H,49) n courier Motion
sayohat a!ent trave" a!ent Leasure
yoJ" bosh"ovchi tour !uide Leasure
257
G>2 n tourist !uide Leasure
O(:&S:AN&
ofitsiantka
n
n
=!iter
;aitress

H9MM,L n porter
&9),M6,/ n hote"-@eeper Housin!
%9)),&H n janitor= streets;eeper

:9&&>) n cashier (cono$y
H>&,8+H> n boo@@eeper= accountant (cono$y
8BNG9LT() n accountant= boo@@eeper
KO&:B
kotiba
kotiblik
n
n
n
e$ret!ry
secretary Ce$a"eG
secretaria" ;or@

M9&H>/>&T:9 n typist Ce$a"eG ,bjects
M,)29M+H> n he"perT assistant 9ction
:,JM9:+H> n he"perT assistant 9ction
89/:>) n ban@er (cono$y
9M9L2,) n oicia"= civi" servant &tate
M9JMB) n oicia"= ad$inistrator &tate
>/&4(:T,) n inspector
SU8YA n <ud"e ?ustice
A8IOKA& n l!=yer@ !ttorney ?ustice
,.L,6+H> n "a;yer ?ustice
4,L>T&>M9+H> n po"ice$an ?ustice
H9)8>M n re!u"ar so"dier +on"ict
8,?G>) n custo$s oicer (cono$y

8OK&OR n
tish do@tori
@oJ0 do@tori
$o" do@tori
do$tor
dentist
occu"ist
veterinarian
Hea"th
&H>%,:,) n hea"erT doctor Hea"th
6)9+H n doctor Hea"th
T98>8 n doctor Ctraditiona" $edicineG Hea"th
?9)),H n sur!eon Hea"th
N>)B)G n sur!eon Hea"th
HA)SH:RA n nure Hea"th
&9/>T9) n $edica" order"y Hea"th
8OR:GAR n p2!rm!$it@ $2emit Hea"th
94T(:9+H> n phar$acist= che$ist Hea"th

25-
(JL,/ n advertise$ent Meanin!
REKLA)A n
re@"a$a Ai"-
!dvertiement@ !d
advertise

/9&H)>M,T+H> n pub"isher +o$$#
)UAB:R n $orrepondent@ <ourn!lit +o$$#
G9L(T9+H> n journa"istT ne;spaper se""er +o$$#
?B)/9L>&T n journa"ist +o$$#
9N8,),T+H> n journa"istT inte""i!ence personne" Meanin!
:BTB8N,/9+H> n "ibrarian +o$$#
ODF:&UICH: n te!$2er@ le$turer :no;"ed!e
MB9LL>M n teacher :no;"ed!e
2,ML9 n teacher :no;"ed!e
/RO(ESSOR n pro-eor :no;"ed!e
>LL9/B6+H> n researcher= research ;or@er :no;"ed!e
i"$iy 'odi$ scientiic ;or@er= research ;or@er :no;"ed!e
T9)?>M,/ n trans"ator= interpreter Meanin!

8,&HL,6+H> n CT6= radioG hostT !uide +o$$#
M,LB6+H> n ;riter= author= "etter ;riter 9rt
%,T,G)9% n photo!rapher +o$$#
&9/J9T+H> n artist 9rt
9)T>&T n artist= actor= actress= $ovie star 9rt
9:TM,)
9:T)>&9
n
n
actor
actress
9rt
)9&M+H>
)9&&,M
n
n
painter
9rt
&B)9T+H> n artisan-painter= photo!rapher 9rt
H9M:9LT9),&H n scu"pter= carver 9rt
MB&>.9+H>
MBL>:9+H>
n
n
$usician
$usician
9rt
&,L9/29
&,L+H>
n
n
$usician Cp"ayin!= traditiona"G
$usician
9rt
9&HBL9+H> n sin!er C$odern son!sG 9rt
H,%>L n sin!er Ctraditiona" son!sG 9rt
N,/9/29 n sin!er Ctraditiona" son!sG 9rt
.,J&H>.+H> n sin!er 9rt
)9..,&
raosa
n
n
dancer
dancer Ce$a"eG
9rt
.>L>.+H> n c"o;n 9rt
210
E$onomy
:F&:SO8
itisodiy
itisod#hi
n
iAtisod ani
iAtisod Ai"-
adj
n
adj
e$onomy
econo$ics
econo$i0e= save
econo$ic
econo$ist
econo$ica"= ru!a"= thrity

(:,/,M>M9
(:,/,M>:
ekonomika
(:,/,M>&T
n
n
n
n
econo$y
econo$ic
econo$ics
econo$ist
:no;"ed!e
N,J?9
xo'jalik
$o'!asi"lik
$o'!asi"lar#ha
n
n
'a"A 'oJja"i!i
n
ad
"ord= $aster
e$onomy
nationa" econo$y
care"essness= $is$ana!e$ent
care"ess"y= $is$ana!ed
&ociety
:94>T9L
kapitalist
kapitalistik
kapitali"m
n
n
adj
n
capita"
capita"ist
capita"ist
capita"is$ &tate
M98L9GJ n capita"= su$ o $oney
M,L>M9
moliyaviy
n
adj
inance
inancia"

)OL n property= possessions= be"on!in!s
$ommodity@ "ood@ !rti$le@ produ$e
4ossession
9ni$a"s
T,69) n co$$odity= !oods
8BMBM n thin!CsG= artic"es Cor useG= !oods ,bjects
M9):9
markali
n
adj R /N Q
trade $ar@
N trade $ar@

)(:L9M9 n
re@"a$a Ai"-
advertise$ent= ad
advertise

(JL,/ n advertise$ent Meanin!

/UL
pullik
pulsi"
bepul
pulparast
puldor
n
/N uchun nu$M /L Q
/NInin! QIini toJ"a-
adj
adj
adj
n
adj
money
pay M L or N
pay or N
not ree= ;hich one $ust pay or
;ithout $oney= penni"essT ree
!ratis= reeT not havin! $oney
$oney!rubbin!= !raspin! person
rich
8ehaviour
L,M n dou!h= cash &ubstances
/9.2 adj
n!Kd pul
naAd ber-DtoJ"a- DD o"-
cash
$!2
pay in cash DD receive in cash

.9MT>M n chan!e Motion
m!yd! pul 9m!ll; $2!n"e &i0e
211
SOD)
so'mli&k'
n
nu$N Q Cpu"G
adj R nu$N Q
om@ rouble
Ca$ount oG N soJ$
;orth N so$

&:Y:N
tiyinli&k'
n
adj R nu$N Q
$ent@ 7ope$7
;orth N tiyin

&ANGA n $oin9;@ ilver $oin
+H9.9 n s$a"" chan!e= copper coins
BANKNO& n b!n7 note
69LBT9 n Corei!nG currency
2,LL9) n do""ar
MB), n euro
)B8L n roub"e
%B/T n pound
M9):9 n $ar@
:B)& n R CayirboshG @ursCIiG Ce'chan!eG rate
9LM9&HT>)- v#t e'chan!e C$oneyG 4ossession
BAHO
baholi
bahosi"
bahola-
baholash-
bebaho
n
/NI!a Q AoJy-
baho pasaytir- D tushir-
baho @oJtar-
/NI!a C9MG Q ber-
AatJiy baho
adj
adj
v#t
v#int
adj
pri$e@ v!lue@ =ort2
!rade= eva"uation= $ar@
price N= va"ue N
"o;er the price
raise the price
eva"uate N Cas MG
set price
cost"y= e'pensive
price"ess= inva"uab"e
i' the priceT eva"uate
bar!ain over= ha!!"e
price"ess= inva"uab"e
,pinion
NARA n
nar'Ii tushir-
pri$e@ $ot
"o;er the price

CM,JLG:>)9 n
@ira haAi
are (cono$y
yoDl 2!Ki -!re (cono$y
F:Y)A& n $ot@ v!lue@ pri$e
&URE v#int G NA C $ot A9Lpri$e@ money;
F:))A& n
9b!2oi; Kimm!t
Ai$$atbaho
va"ue= ;orth
e>penive@ $otly
va"uab"e= precious
(cono$y
ARZON
ar"onlash-
ar"onlashtir-
!d<
v#int
v#t
ar0on"ashtirish
$2e!p@ lo= 9pri$e;
!et cheaper= !o do;n in price
"o;er= reduce the price o= !ive a discount on
discount= rebate

+H(G>)-
#hegirma
v#t
n
che!ir$a ber-
discount
discount
!ive a discount

&EK:N
tekinlik
!d<
n
-ree 9o- $2!r"e;@ "r!ti
the state o bein! ree

212
49&9M-
pasaytir-
v#int
pasayish
v#t
co$e do;n
do;n in price
"o;er
&i0e
)AOSH n !l!ry@ p!y@ e!rnin"
i2 2!KBi
'i0$at haAIi
p!y@ =!"e
sa"ary
<or@
,ML>: n $onth"y sa"ary
/9%9.9
nafaa#hi
nafaa$o'r
n
n
n
beneit= !rant= a""o;ance= a"i$ony
beneiciary= !rantee
pensioner= retired CpersonG

4(/&>M9
4(/&>,/()
n
pensiya!a chiA-
n
pension
retire
pensioner= retired CpersonG

>/%L9T&>M9 n in"ation

SAI8O
savdogar
savdogar&#hi'lik
savdolash-
n
savdo Ai"-
n
n
v#int
tr!de@ tr!din"@ $ommer$e@ buine
en!a!e in trade= be in business
$erchant= trader= business$an
business= trade
bar!ain over= ha!!"e
<or@
T>?,)9T n trade= co$$erce= business
8>L/(&
bi"nesmen
n
n
business
business$an

SO&E
sotil-
sotuvchi
v#t
sotish
sotuvda bor
Ai$$at DD ar0on sot-
otib olE
sotib o"uvchi
v#int
n
ell@ o--er -or !le
se"" out= betray
sa"es
on sa"e= or sa"e
se"" at a hi!h price DD or cheap
buy@ 2op
buyer= purchaser
be so"d
!leperon@ eller
8ehaviour
savdo-soti buyin! and se""in!T business= trade
:,JT9)9 n
@oJtara savdo
;ho"esa"e
;ho"esa"e

+H9:9/9 n
cha@ana savdo
retai"
retai" business

chetdan $o" @irit- DD chiAar- i$port DD e'port &ociety
>M4,)T n= adj i$port
N9)>2
xaridor
n
>!rid KilE
n
purchase
"o 2oppin"J 2op@ buy
$utomer@ pur$2!er@ buyer

>&T(JM,L
iste'molchi
n
isteJ$o" Ai"-
n
useT consu$ption
$a@e use oT consu$e
$onumer
Manner
&ODLAE
to'lan-
v#t
/MI!a /N Q
v#int
p!y 9money;
pay bac@= co$pensate
pay NCS$oneyG or M
be payed or

213
to'lov
to'lov#hi
to'lovsi"
n
n
adj
pay$ent= co$pensation
payer
unpaid
:9&&9
:9&&>)
n
n
pay-des@= cashierJs des@T boo@in! oice
cashier

T>LN9T n receipt
KI:&ANS:YA n re$eipt
49TT9 n tic@etT cheAueT receipt
&+HM,T n bi""= account
H>&,8
hisoblash-
n
tao$ D ovAat hisobi
v#int
bi""= chec@
bi""= chec@ Cat a restaurantG
C$a@e outG bi""= chec@
(cono$y
+H,M+H9.9 n
choy pu"i
tipT poc@et $oney
tipT poc@et $oney %ood
8929L n
/NInin! QIi!a
subscription= ee
reund
in e'chan!e or N

B:LE& n
bi"et @assasi
ti$7et
tic@et oice

+H>4T9 n tic@et= seat
98,/(M(/T n CsubscriptionG tic@et
29)+H9 n ;indo;= tic@et oice
?(T,/ n to@en
&9)%
sarfla-
sarfiyat
>&),%
n
!r- KilE?etE
/NI!a Q boJ"-
v#t
n
n R isro Ai"-Det-
e'penditure= spendin!
e'penses
pend
be spent on N
pend
"oss= ;asta!e= e'pense
;aste= sAuander
Manner
N9)?
$ar!la-
kam$ar!
AARA4A&
n
v#t
adj
n
'arajat Ai"-
e'penses
spend C$oneyG
thrity
e>pene
spend C$oneyG

T(?9-
te!al-
v#t
nu$N /MI"i@ $ab"a!J Q
v#int
ta@e care o= care or= "oo@ ater
save= econo$i0e
save Ca capita" a$ount o N MG
be saved= be econo$i0ed
Manner
9M9- v#t use sparin!"y= $a@e best use o Manner
>.T>&,2+H> adj econo$ica"= ru!a"= thrity (cono$y
,M,/9T n
o$onat @assaCIsiG
savin!s
savin!s ban@
9ction
(cono$y
?9MGJ9)-
!amg'arma
v#t
ja$!Jari"!an pu"
n
save C$oneyG= put $oney aside
savin!s
savin!s= $oney put aside

213
GJ9ML9- v#t store in reserve= accu$u"ate
)(L()6CL9)G n reserveCsG
/NI!a pu" AoJy- put $oney into N= invest in N 4rocesses
FARZ
ar"dor
n
/NIdan /M Q boJ"-
K!rH9"!; berE??olE
Aar0I!a bot-DDIdan Autu"-
Aar0 toJ"a-
n
debt
o;e N M
lend ?? borro= 9money@ ob<e$t;
!et into debt DD sett"e a debt
repay a debt
debtor

H9. n
/NIda /MInin! /L haAIi bor
ri!ht= due= debt
CNG o;e M L
?ustice
/9&>M9 n
nasiya!a
credit
on credit

L9M,M n "oan
,J&>M n interest
CHEK n
sayohat che@Ii
$2eKue
trave""erJs chec@

8BMB)-
buyurt(ir)-
buyurt(ir)ma
buyrutma#hi
v#t R /MI!a /CishGNIni Q
buyurib AoJy-
v#t
n
buyrut$a ber-
n
order M to N= co$$and M to N
order
order
2!ve 9omet2in"; m!de@ order
order
reserve= order
CpersonG havin! p"aced an order
9uthority
band Ai"- occupyT rentT reserve Moda"ity
,8B/9
obuna#hi
n
/NI!a Q boJ"-
n
subscription
subscribe to N
subscriber

29LL,L
dallollik
n
n
bro@er= $idd"e$an
bro@in!

9:&>M9
aksiyador
n
n
share
shareho"der

G9),6
garov$ona
n
!arov!a AoJy-
n
pa;n= !uaranteeT bet
pa;n
pa;nshop
Manner
+H9M.,6
#hayov#hi
#hayov#hilik
n
n
n
specu"ative business
specu"ator
specu"ation

8>)?9
bir!a#hi
n
n
e'chan!e= $ar@et Cstoc@= "abourG
stoc@bro@er

BOZOR
bo"orlik
bo"oriy
bo"or#hi
n
n
adj
n
m!r7et@ $ommer$i!l ditri$t
sa"e= $ar@et
ite$ so"dDbou!ht at the $ar@et
on sa"e= or sa"e at the $ar@et
sta""ho"der

&B4()M9):(T n super$ar@et
21*
)AGAZ:N
maga"in#hi
n
@iyi$C-@echa@G $a!a0ini
@itob $a!a0ini
o0iA-ovAat $a!a0ini
'oHja"i@ $o""ari $a!a0ini
n
tore@ 2op
c"othin! store
boo@shop
!rocery
hard;are store
shop assistant= sa"esc"er@

UN:IER)AG n dep!rtment tore
8ODKON
do'kon#ha
do'kondor
do'kon#hi
n
non doJ@oni
!oJsht doJ@oni
sab0avot doH@oni
!u" doH@oni
@iyi$C-@echa@G doJ@oni
poya0a" doH@oni
uy jiho0"ari doH@oni
@itob doJ@oni
sov!Ha"ar doH@oni
yod!or"i@"ar doH@oni
0ar!ar"i@ doH@oni
$ashina doH@oni
n
n
n
2op@ tore@ 9m!r7et; t!ll
ba@erJs shop
butcherJs shop
!reen!rocer
"orist
c"othin! store= c"othes store
shoeshop= shoe store
urniture store
boo@shop
!it shop
souvenir shop
je;e""erHs shop
car dea"er
s$a"" shop= sta""
shop@eeper
shop@eeper

/,66,MN,/9 n ba@erJs shop= ba@ery %ood
.9&&,8N,/9 n butcherHs shop %ood
,+H>L- v#int
ochi"ish
open= open out= be open
openin!= inau!uration
4rocesses
M,4>L- v#int c"ose= be c"osed= be shut 4rocesses
>&HL9- v#int be open Cshop= storeG= ta@e p"ace <or@
89..,L
baollik
n
n
s$a"" trader= !rocer
!rocery trade
<or@
)9&T9 n street $ar@et
M,MM9
yoyma#hi
n
n
sta""
street ped"ar

6>T)>/9 n CshopG ;indo;
M9)M9):9 n trade air

BANK
bankir
n
n
adj
b!n7
ban@er
ban@erJs

SUGDUR&A
sug'urtla-
n
su!Jurta Ai"- DD Ai"in-
v#t
inur!n$e
insure DD be insured
insure

&T)9N,69/>M( n insurance
H:SOB n
hisob Ai"-
ban@ hisobi
/NI!a Q o"-
arith$etic= ca"cu"ation= co$putation
!$$ount@ $ount@ $ore
bi""= chec@
i!ure= ta""y out
deposit
credit N
.uantity
215
hisob#hi
hisoblash-
n
v#int
boo@@eeper= accountant
C$a@e outG bi""= chec@
<or@
hisob-kitob accountsT account boo@
8ARO)A8
daromadli
daromadsi"
n
nu$N /M Q o"-
adj
adj
pro-it@ in$ome
$a@e a proit Co N MCScurrencyGG
proitab"e
unproitab"e

:>)>M n inco$e= receipts= proit
+H>.>M
#hiimdor
n
chiAi$ Ai"-
adj
e'penditure= e'penses= spendin!
spend $oney
cost"y= sustainin! heavy "osses

kirim-#hiim inco$e and e'penditure
8B2?(T n bud!et
SOL:F n
so"iA so"-
daro$ad so"i!Ji
so"iA boshAar$asi
t!>e
ta'
inco$e ta'
ta' co""ectorHs oice
(cono$y
<or@
8,?
bojxona
bo!gir
n
n
n
Ccusto$sG duty= ta'
$utom
custo$s oicer

B&H) n ta'es= tithe
(OY8A
foydali
foydasi"
n
oyda Ai"-
!d<
adj
!dv!nt!"e@ bene-it@ pro-it
$a@e a proit
!dv!nt!"eou@ bene-i$i!l@ ue-ul
9ction
Z:YON
"iyonli
"iyonsi"
n
0iyon tort-
adj
adj
lo@ d!m!"e@ 2!rmJ de-i$it
sustain "oss Cin businessG
in deicit= "osin!
;ithout "osses
9ction
&>/- v#int be ban@rupted C"DG 4rocesses
211
8!ily Li-e 9:;
Houin"
B+H9&T:9 n p"ot o "and
?,M n
CturarG joy
p"ace C"DG= position
house= d;e""in!
Location
ODR:N
o'rinli
o'rnash-
n
oJrin o"-
oJrin tut-
adj R nu$N Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
p"ace= roo$
pl!$e to it@ e!t@ pl!$e to leep
ta@e p"ace= ta@e a seat
occupy a seat
;ith N seats
sett"e do;n in N= estab"ish onese"
Location
o'rin-ko'pra bed= p"ace to s"eep
YASHAE
yashov#hi
v#int
n
live@ live 9=2;
inhabitant= d;e""er
6ita"
&URE
turar
v#int
adj
turar joy
d=ell@ ettle do=n@ live 9=2;@ t!y 9!t;
d;e""in!
d;e""in! Auarters
Motion
>&T>.,M9T n R istiAo$at Ai"-
istiAo$at Ai"uvchi
"ive= reside= stay
resident

M,T- v#int "ie= "ie do;n
sett"e do;n= stay Cor so$e ni!htsG
Motion
:,J+H v#int
CboshAa uy!aG @oJch-
Cyan!i uy!aG @oJchib @e"-
$ove= $i!rate
$ove ChouseG
$ove in
Motion
band Ai"- occupyT rentT reserve Moda"ity
ijara!a o"-DDoJtir- rent= hire DD rent Ca houseG 4ossession

B:NO
binokor
binokorlik
n
n
n
buildin"
bui"der
bui"din! industry= civi" en!ineerin!

>M,)9T
imoratbop
n
adj
Cbi!G bui"din!
CorG construction

,&M,/,H49) adj
os$onoHpar bino
hi!h Co bui"din!G
s@yscraper
/ature
UY
uyso"
n
n
2oue@ 2ome@ -l!t@ !p!rtment
roo$
ho$e= a$i"y
house bui"der

uy-!oy "ivin! Auarters= house
KIAR&:RA n -l!t@ !p!rtment@ lod"in"
):NORA n to=er@ min!ret
GBM89L n do$e= cupo"a
.B889 n do$e= cupo"a
217
+H9ML9 n hut
+H,2>) n
chodir ti@i"adi!an joy
tent
ca$psite Housin!
:949 n tent
,JT,6 n yurt= Cno$adJsG tent
MB)T n tent &ociety
8,JLM9 n section= part= partitionT roo$ .uantity
>+H:9)> n inner part o the house Location
AONA
$onali
xonadon
n
nu$N @ishi"i@ Q
adj R nu$N Q @vartira
n
roomJ bedroom
p"ace= co"u$n
sin!"eDdoub"e roo$ Dor /N peop"e
N roo$CedG "at
-l!t@ !p!rtment
+ate!ory
L9L n ha""= roo$
M(HM,/N,/9 n "ivin! roo$ Housin!
.98BLN,/9 n reception roo$ &ocia"
:98>/(T n studyT cabinet &tate
OSHAONA n 7it$2enJ $!nteen %ood
,6.9TN,/9 n canteen= dinin! roo$ %ood
ovAat"anish 'onasi dinin! roo$ %ood
M,T,.
yotoqxona
n
yotoA uy D joy
n
dor$itory= "od!in!
bedroo$
dormitory@ bedroom
Motion
69//9N,/9 n bathroo$ +"othin!
HO4A&AONA n toilet@ l!v!tory@ $onvenien$e@ retroom Moda"ity
TB9L(T n
tua"et Ao!Ho0i
toi"ets
toi"et paper

@ir yuvish 'onasi "aundry ,bjects
oJAish 'onasi "ecture roo$
@utish 0a"i D 'onasi ;aitin! roo$= area 9ction
M()T,JL9 n ce""ar
89L:,/ n ba"cony
9M6,/
peshayvon
n
adj
verandah= terrace
verandah

HOIL: n
hovlima-hovli
$ourty!rd@ y!rd
ro$ door to door

&,M96,/ n sunshade= u$bre""aT a;nin! ,bjects
G9)9? n !ara!e
:9T9: n ca!e= run ,bjects

FAIA&
avatli
n
yuAori DD past@i Aavatda
adj R nu$N Q uy
torey@ -loor
upstairs DD do;nstairs
N-storey house
&hape
21-
.9T n storey= "oor &hape
&O) n roo-
T>M n roo Co an open $ar@etG
8EIOR
devorli
devoriy
n
adj
adj
=!ll
;ith ;a""s
;a""= $ura"

B&TB/ n pi""ar= co"u$n
/OL n
ta'ta po"
-loor
;ooden "oor ,bjects
SH:/ n $eilin"
L>/9
zinapoya
n
0inadan tush-DDchiA-
n
step= stairs Cas a "ocationG
!o do;nstairs DD upstairs
t!ir 9! !n ob<e$t;

NARION n l!dder
&H,T> n "adder
L:(& n li-t@ elev!tor
(&:9L9T,) n esca"ator
ESH:K
eshik#ha
n
n
door@ "!te
"ap= door

8ARIOZA
darvo"abon
n
n
"!te
!ate@eeper= door-@eeper

,&T,/9 n thresho"d
8,J&9GJ9 n thresho"d
29HL>L n entrance ha""= "obby
Aabu" sto"i reception des@ &ocia"
:,)>2,) n corridor= ha"";ay
M,JL9: n corridor= passa!e Transport
K:R:SH n entr!n$e@ entry Motion
CH:F:SH n e>it@ =!y out Motion
8ERAZA
dera"ali
n
dera0a oynasi
adj
=indo=
C;indo;G pane
;ith ;indo;

49/?9)9 n "attice ;indo;= tre""is= ence
)ODR: n $2imney@ -unnel
TBM/B: n chi$ney
ODCHOF n toveJ 2e!rt2 ,bjects

SHAHAR
shaharlik
shahar#ha
shaharlash-
n
shahar $ar@a0i
es@i DD yan!i shahar
2!2!r !tro-i
n
n
v#int
to=n@ $ity
do;nto;n
o"d city DD ne; to;n
uburb@ out7irt
city d;e""er
s$a"" to;nT estate
beco$e urbani0ed

270
shaharlararo adj interurban
29H9 n to;n district
)AHALLA
mahalliy
mahalladosh
n
!d<
n
to=n Ku!rter@ ditri$t@ nei"2bour2ood
lo$!lJ n!tive
ro$ the sa$e district
Location
GBL9) n s$a"" $ar@et p"ace in a $aha""a
:69)T9L n b"oc@= to;n AuarterT housin! estate
,&T9/,6:9 n space bet;een t;o bus stations Transport
4,&M,L:9 n out"yin! to;nship
M96L(I> n outs@irts
F:SHLOF
ishloi
ishlolik
ishlo#ha
hamishlo
n
Aish"oA CjoyG
adj
n
n
n
vill!"e
countryside
country= rura"
vi""a!e d;e""er
s$a"" vi""a!e
e""o; vi""a!er

,6BL n vi""a!e
M,6,/ n countryside
89L9 n base
KODCHA n
@atta D shoh @oJcha
tor @oJcha
ber@ @oJcha
ko'#ha-ko'y
treet
avenue= $ain street
a""ey= side street
dead end
streets
Transport
N>M,8,/ n avenue Transport
8BL69) n bou"evard
)AY8ON
maydon#ha
n
n
Ku!re 9in to=n;
p"ace= area= ie"d= site= territory
s$a"" sAuare= ie"d
Location
&9M)G,H n ;a"@= pro$enade Leasure
+H,))9H9 n crossroads= crossin!= cross;a"@
Cpiyoda"arG oJtish joyi CpedestrianG ;a"@;ay Motion
yerosti oHtish joyi under!round crossin! /ature
C$ashinaG toJ'tash joyi par@in! Motion
&6(T,%,) n traic "i!ht
@oHcha onari street "a$p ,bjects
A8RES n !ddre
)ANZ:LGOH n !ddre Transport
/N @oJchasi nu$M uy M= N street CaddressG
YO8GORL:K n monument Mind
,8>29 n ancien $onu$ent
N9),89 n ruins 9ction
.9LJ9 n ortress= stron!ho"d
271
.,J)GJ,/ n ortress= redoubt
SAROY n p!l!$e@ $!tle
hoste"= inn Cor caravansG Housin!
.9&) n cast"e= pa"ace
9): n citade"= pa"ace
,J)29 n pa"ace= courtT horde &tate
(L+H>N,/9 n e$bassy &tate
:,/&BLN,/9 n consu"ate &tate
:SHAONA n o--i$eJ =or72op <or@
po$2t! 9boDlimi; pot o--i$e +o$$#
BOZOR n m!r7et@ $ommer$i!l ditri$t (cono$y
&B4()M9):(T n super$ar@et (cono$y
)AGAZ:N n
@iyi$C-@echa@G $a!a0ini
@itob $a!a0ini
o0iA-ovAat $a!a0ini
'oHja"i@ $o""ari $a!a0ini
tore@ 2op
c"othin! store
boo@shop
!rocery
hard;are store
(cono$y
UN:IER)AG n dep!rtment tore (cono$y
8ODKON
do'kon#ha
n
non doJ@oni
!oJsht doJ@oni
sab0avot doH@oni
!u" doH@oni
@iyi$C-@echa@G doJ@oni
poya0a" doH@oni
@itob doH@oni
sov!Ha"ar doH@oni
yod!or"i@ doH@oni
0ar!ar"i@ doH@oni
$ashina doH@oni
n
2op@ tore@ 9m!r7et; t!ll
ba@erJs shop
butcherJs shop
!reen!rocer
"orist
urniture store
boo@shop
!it shop
souvenir shop
je;e""erHs shop
car dea"er
s$a"" shop= C$ar@etG sta""
(cono$y
/,66,MN,/9 n ba@erJs shop= ba@ery %ood
.9&&98N,/9 n butcherHs shop %ood
CHOYAONA
#hoy$ona#hi
n
n
te! 2oue
tea house ;or@er
%ood
RES&ORAN n ret!ur!nt %ood
KA(E n $!-e@ $!-et!ri! %ood
4>6,N,/9 n pub= bar %ood
&9)T9),&HN,/9 n hairdressin! sa"on= barbershop +"othin!
H9MM,M n Cpub"icG baths= bathhouse +"othin!
:>,&:9 n @ios@
BANK n b!n7 (cono$y
KU&UBAONA n libr!ry +o$$#
&T92>,/ n stadiu$ Leasure
272
K:NO9&EA&R; n $inem!@ movie t2e!ter +o$$#
T(9T) n theater 9rt
)UZEY n mueum +o$$#
hayvonot bo!Ji 0oo 9ni$a"s
L,,49): n 0oo
)AS4:8 n moKue &pirit
M92)9&9 n $adrasah &pirit
N,/9.,H n prayer ha""T $onastery &pirit
+H():,6 n church &pirit
)EH)ONAONA n 2otel@ inn@ "uet2oue &ocia"
$eh$on"ar uyi !uesthouse &ocia"
&9),M
saroyvon
n
n
hoste"= inn Cor caravansG
hote"-@eeper
Housin!
:9)6,/&9),M n caravanserai Transport
)AK&AB n $2ool@ element!ry $2ool :no;"ed!e
UN:IERS:&E& n univerity :no;"ed!e
T9?)>89N,/9 n "aboratory :no;"ed!e
)9&92N,/9 n observatory :no;"ed!e
,8&()69T,)>M9 n observatory :no;"ed!e
KASALAONA n 2opit!l Hea"th
C4,L>G:L>/>:9 n Cpo"yGc"inic Hea"th
&H>%,N,/9 n dispensary= c"inic Hea"th
$editsina yorda$i pun@ti irst-aide post Hea"th
TBGJ)B.N,/9 n $aternity ho$eDc"inic Hea"th
2,)>N,/9 n che$istJs= phar$acy Hea"th
ZAIO8 n -!$tory <or@
%98)>:9 n actory <or@
)(M,/TN,/9 n repair shop <or@
,M8,) n ;arehouse= storehouse= reservoir <or@
:9/9L>L9T&>M9 n se;era!e
8(/L,:,L,/:9 n !as station Transport
S&ANS:YA n
$etro stansiyasi
t!tionJ r!il=!y t!tion
sub;ay station
Transport
6,:L9L n rai";ay station Transport
BEKA& n
!vtobu be7!ti
$etro be@ati
top
bu top
sub;ay station
Transport
AERO/OR& n !irport Transport
T9MM,)9G,H n airport Transport
4,)T n port= harbor Transport
273
L9G() n
"a!er joyi
ca$p
ca$psite

%()M9 n ar$ <or@
8,&H49/9 n she"ter= reu!e C"DG
49/,H adj she"tered= covered

BODG
bog'#ha
bog'bon
bog'bonlik
n
n
n
n
"!rden@ p!r7
s$a"" par@
!ardener
!ardenin!

49): n par@
&:6() n sAuare C;ith !ardenG
GBL>&T,/
GBLL,)
n
n
"ora" !arden
"o;er terrace
4"ants
8,J&T,/ n "ora" !arden
+H9M9/ n "o;erbed= "o;er terrace
&B49 n $ound
%966,)9 n ountain
%,/T9/ n ountain
89&&(M/ n C$an-$adeG poo"= basin
G,J)
go'riston
go'rkor
n
n
n
!rave= to$b
!raveyard= ce$etery
!ravedi!!er

.98)
qabriston
n
n
to$b= !rave
$emetery@ "r!vey!rd

M9.89)9 n $auso"eu$
M96L,L(M n $auso"eu$
M,L,) n ce$etery= !raveyard

FURE
urdir-
uril-
urilish
uruv#hi
v#t
v#t
v#int
n
n
build@ $ontru$t 9l?-;
have bui"t= have constructed
be bui"t= in construction
bui"din!= construction C"DG
bui"der= constructor C"DG
9ction
89)4, n R barpo boJ"-
barpo Ai"-Det-
be bui"t= erected
bui"d= erect

i$orat so"- erect a bui"din!
T>:- v#t
chodir ti@-
pitch CtentG
ca$p
<or@
Housin!
9)N>T(:TB)9
9)N>T(:T,)
n
n
architecture
architect

)ED)OR
me'moriy
me'mor&#hi'lik
n
adj
n
!r$2ite$t
architectura"
architecture

2B)92G,) n carpenter
273
duradgorlik n carpentry
GD:SH& n
!Jisht teruvchi
bri$7
$ason= bric@"ayer= bui"der

L,M n $ud
c"ay Cused or bui"din!G
&ubstances
49N&9 n c"ay C$i'ed ;ith stra;G= "ayer o c"ay
&(M(/T n ce$ent
8(T,/ n concrete
&H9GH9L n !rave"
27*
Ob<e$t !nd &ool
8BMBM n thin!CsG= artic"es Cor useG= !oods (cono$y
ASBOB
asbobso"
n
n
tool@ intrument
too" $a@er

)ASH:NA
mashinalash-
mashinalashtir-
n
v#int
v#t
m!$2ine
car
$echani0e
$echani0e

96T,M9T
avtomatik
avtomatlashtir-
n
adj
vt
auto$at
auto$atic
auto$ate

,HL>MB)9) adj auto$atic Motion
29&TG,H n $achine too"= ;or@bench= "oo$
.B),L
urollan-
urollantir-
n
v#int
v#t
eAuip$ent
ar$s= ;eapons= ar$a$ents
eAuip o#s# C"DG
eAuip
+on"ict
?>H,L
!iho"lala-
n
eAuip$ent
supp"y N ;ith M

asbob-uskuna eAuip$ent
ehtiyot Ais$ spare part Manner
'oHja"i@ $o""ari hard;are (cono$y
)O&OR
motorli
motorsi"
motorlashtir-
n
adj
adj
v#t
en"ine@ motor
$otori0ed
;ithout $otor
$otori0e

GD:L8:RAK
g'ildirakli
n
adj
=2eel
;hee"ed

&H>/9 n tire
89LL,/ n tire
T,)M,L n
tor$o0 Ai"-
bra@e
bra@e

4(29L n peda"
)BL n steerin!
4)B?>/9 n sprin!
/9&,& n pu$p
T)B8C:G9 n pipe= tube
.B6B) n
net Auvuri
pipe= tube Coi"= !as= irri!ationG
oi" pipe"ine

&HL9/G n hose
%>LT)
filtrla-
n
v#t
i"ter
i"ter

&BL- v#t i"ter= strain
275
su"gi#h n i"terT strainer
(L9-
elak
v#t
n
sieve= sit
sieve

?,JM)9: n tap= spout
:)9/ n tap= aucet
T>.-
tiin
v#t
tiAib be@it-
n
stic@= b"oc@
p"u! in
p"u!= stopper
4rocesses
4),8:9 n p"u!= stopper
)9:,6>/9 n sin@
BM>69L/>: n sin@

T9M,.
tayo#ha
n
n
stic@
s$a"" stic@T chopstic@s

:9LT9: n stic@
H9&&9 n stic@= cane
.9M+H> n ;hip
BOL&A
boltala-
n
v#t
!>e
cut do;n C;ith an a'eG

T(&H9 n chopper
,J),. n sic@"e
:(TM,/
ketmon#hi
n
@et$on chop-
n
@et$an= $attoc@
di! ;ith a $attoc@
hoer

KURAK
BELKURAK
n
n
9=ooden; p!de@ 2ovel
9iron; p!de@ 2ovel

8(L
bel#ha
n
n
shove"= spade= pic@a'e
Cs$a""G shove"= spade= pic@a'e

49/&H9N9 n pitchor@
N9&:9&H n ra@e
L9M8>LGJ9LT9: n ;hee"barro;
.,J&H
o'sh-
n
v#t
harnessT ani$a"s yo@ed or the p"ou!h
harness

,M,+H n p"ou!h= p"o;
4LBG n p"ou!h= p"o;
(G9) n sadd"e
?>L,6 n reinCsG
MBG9/ n brid"e
BOLGDA
bolg'ala-
n
v#t
2!mmer
ha$$er

,M8B) n pincers
.>&.>+H n ton!s= pincers= t;ee0ers 4rocesses
FAYCH: n $ior
271
ay#hila- v#t cut C;ith scissorsG
ARRA
arrala-
n
v#t
!=
sa;

)9/29
randala-
n
v#t
CcarpenterJsG p"ane
p"ane Cdo;nG

(G,6
egovla-
n
v#t
i"e
i"e

29&T9 n hand"e
&,4
sopli
n
adj
hand"e
;ith hand"e

6>/T n scre;T scre;-prope""er
49)M9C29&T9G n dri""= !i$"et
):A
mi$la-
n
bura$a $i'
v#t
n!il
scre;
nai" Cdo;nG

,T6()T:9 n scre;driver
G9M:9 n
!ay@a @a"iti
nut
spanner= ;rench

:/,4:9 n dra;in! pin
9)GJ9M+H> n rope= strin!
9).,/ n rope
2,) n ti!htropeT !a""o;s
+H>L6>) n CthinG strin!
:/ n t2re!dJ trin"J l!$eJ $ord
)(L>/:9 n rubber= eraserT rubber band ,bjects
8,GJ
bog'i#h
n
$eas
n
strin!= ribbon= "ace Cused or tyin!G
bund"e= bunch
CshoeG"aceT strin!= ribbon
4rocesses
GJ9LT9: n ree"
,J)9M $eas bunch 4rocesses
&UGUN n 7not 4rocesses
:,4T,: n han@= s@ein Leasure
:GNA n needle
/>/9 n need"eT pointer= need"e
T,JGJ/9GJ>+H n pin= saety-pin
>LG9: n hoo@= han!er
>LG>+H n hoo@= pe!
T,J) n net
.9)M,. n ishin! rod
&AROZ: n $!le .uantity
&ER)O)E&R n t2ermometer .uantity
89),M(T) n baro$eter .uantity
277
M>L n pointer= need"e
)9/G n paint= dye 4roperties
BODYAE
bo'yal-
bo'yoq
bo'yo#hi
bo'yov
v#t
v#int
n
n
n
p!intJ dye
!et paintedT !et dyed
p!intJ dye
ChouseG painterT dyer
paintin!
+"othin!
L9: n varnish
M9&9T- v#t decorate= adorn= dec@ out 9ction
TBL9- v#t decorate= redecorate= adorn= paint 9ction
L96H9 n s"ab= p"aAue
T9NT9 n board= p"an@ Cto sit onG
;ood= ti$ber
b"ac@board= cha"@ board

yog'o#h-ta$ta ;ood= ti$ber &ubstances
M(8(L n urniture
uy jiho0i
urniture
urniture store
,bjects
S&OL n
yo0uv sto"i
t!ble
des@

49)T9 n des@
N,/T9NT9 n C"o;G tab"e
&9/29L n s$a"" tab"e Cover a pit containin! charcoa"G
S&UL n $2!ir
2>69/ n soa= divan
&:9M(M:9 n bench
,J)>/2>. n chair= seat
KURS: n tool@ $2!ir
:)(&L, n ar$chair
T9NT n throne
SHKA( n $upbo!d@ $loet@ $!binet
4AION n $upbo!rd@ =!rdrobe
@itob javoni D sh@ai boo@case D boo@she"
T,:+H9 n she"
,M,. n "e! Co a piece o urnitureG 8ody
T,)TM9 n dra;er 4rocesses
KARAIO& n bed
,J)>/ n
oJrin so"-
beddin!
$a@e the bed
Housin!
KODR/A
ko'rpa#ha
n
n
Kuilt
beddin!= ru! used or sittin! or or beddin!

A8YOL n bl!n7et
27-
T,J&H9: n $attress
M9T)9& n $attress
CHOYSHAB n 2eet9;@ linen
YOS&:F n pillo=
8,L>&H n pi""o;
?>L2 n
yostiA ji"di
pi""o;-case
pi""o;-case= pi""o; cover
,bjects
o'rin-ko'rpa bed= beddin!
ko'rpa-to'shak bed and beddin!
uyAu Aopi s"eepin! ba! 6ita"
8(&H>: n crad"e
T,8BT n beer= coin
:9T9: n ca!e= run Housin!
.9%9& n ca!e
/AR8A n $urt!in
49&H&H9N,/9 n $osAuito net 9ni$a"s
G:LA)
gilamcha
gilamdo'"
gilamdo'"lik
n
n
n
n
$!rpet@ ru"
m!ll $!rpet@ ru"
carpet= ru! ;eaver
carpet= ru! ;eaverin!

49L,& n @i"i$= pa"os C;ithout pi"eG
:>G>L n e"t carpet +"othin!
8,JM)9 n CreedG $at
!u" tuva@ "o;erpot
GBL2,/ n vase= bo;" 4"ants
69L9 n vase
29&T9 n= $eas bunch= handu" Co "o;ersG
GBL29&T9 n bunch o "o;ers= spray o "o;ers
GBL+H9M89) n ;reath
8AS&URAON n t!ble$lot2
SAL(YE&KA n n!p7in
)9M:9 n
ra$@a!a o"-
ra$e Cor picturesG
ra$e

:BL2,/ n ashtray &ubstances
OYNA n
tosh oyna
mirror
p"ate-!"ass

:,JLGB n $irror

YUK
yukla-
yuklan-
n
v#t R /MIni /NI!a Q
v#int R /NI!a Q
lo!d@ burden@ -rei"2t 9l?-;
lu""!"e@ b!""!"e
"oad M on to NT over"oad N ;ith M
be "oaded on to NT be over"oaded ;ith N

2-0
yuk#hi
yuk$ona
n
n
"oader= doc@er
"u!!a!e stora!e oice
89G9? n ba!!a!e= "u!!a!e
8,JN+H9 n bund"e
TBGB/ n bund"e
CHA)A8ON n uit$!e@ v!lie@ trun7
FO/
op#hi
qopqoq
opla-
n@ me!
n
n
v#t
!$7@ b!"
s$a"" sac@= ba!
lid@ $over
put in sac@s
cover 4rocesses
)B:L9: n ruc@sac@= bac@-pac@
AAL&A n b!"@ m!ll !$7@ 2oppin" b!"
T,J)69 n sac@= ba!
SU)KA
sumka#ha
n
n
b!"@ 2!ndb!"@ $2oolb!"@ !$7
handba!

4,)T%(L n porto"io= briecase
HA)YON n pure@ =!llet
49+H:9
pa#hkala-
n
v#t
ba!= pac@et= pac@
put in ba!s= pac@ets= pac@s

49:(T n pac@et
FU&:
uti#ha
n
pochta Autisi
n
bo>@ $2etJ dr!=er
"etter-bo'= $ai"bo'
s$a"" bo'

M9&H>: n bo'
&9/2>.
sandi#ha
n
n
chest= trun@= hutch
s$a"" chest

SAIA& n b!7et
T,GJ,)9 n basin= container= bo;"
CHELAK n bu$7et@ p!il
GBL+H(L9: n ;aterin! can
49.>) n buc@et= pai"
89: n tan@
sopo" buyu$"ar pottery &ubstances
:8:SH n
idishC"arG
veel@ di2@ pl!te
dishes= croc@ery

.BL,.
uloli
n
adj
hand"e Co potsG
;ith hand"eCsG
8ody
49T/>& n tray
L9G9/
lagan#ha
n
n
"ar!e dish= tray
dish

T,6,. n p"ate= Csha""o;G bo;" Cesp# or pi"auG
L>:,4C+H9G n p"ate= saucer
2-1
&AR9Y;ELKA n pl!te
idish-tovo&lar' croc@ery= dishes
tovo-oshi croc@ery= dishes= pots and pans
KOSA n bo=l@ l!r"e $up
/:YOLA n $up
T9.&>M+H9 n saucer
.929H n !ob"et= C;ineG!"ass= tu$b"er
S&AKAN n "l!@ tumbler
KRU4KA n pint@ mu"@ mu"-ul
/:CHOF n 7ni-e
FOSH:F n poon
+H,JM>+H n scoop
I:LKA n -or7
&9/+H.> n or@ 4rocesses
T9M,.+H9 n s$a"" stic@T chopstic@s
!a0 ba""oni !as canister
KODZA n =!terE<u"@ <!r@ pit$2er
.,6,. n ho""o; !ourd CdishG 4"ants
SH:SHA n bottle &ubstances
8BT>L:9 n bott"e
shisha ochadi!an bott"e-opener
8,JGJ:L n throatT nec@ Co a bott"eG 8ody
89/:9 n jar= tin= can
ban@a ochadi!an can opener
,+H.>+H n @eyT Ccan= bott"eG opener ,bjects
FOZON
o"on#ha
n
Ao0on os-
n
pot@ $!uldron@ !u$ep!n
put the saucepan on the ire
saucepan

&OIA n 9-ryin"; p!n@ 7illet
.9&.,/ n stea$er
CHOYNAK n te!pot %ood
+H,M2>&H n @ett"e %ood
&9M,69) n sa$ovar
.BMGJ,/ n $eta" ju!= e;er
T()M,& n ther$os
,829&T9 n ;ater ju! Cused or ;ashin! handsG
&BLG>+H n i"terT strainer ,bjects
+H>L>M n hoo@ah= nar!i"eh
,&HT9NT9 n choppin! board
2-2
&B4)9 n C"eatherG pastry board
?,J69 n ro""in!-pin

GUGUR& n m!t$29e;
L9?>G9L:9 n "i!hter
+H9.M,. n "i!hter /ature
isitish Csiste$asiG heatin! Csyste$G 4roperties
)92>9T,) n radiator
:,/2>T&>,/() n air conditionin!
6(/T>L9T,) n venti"ator
T9/2>) n oven= urnace Ci'ed hori0onta""yG
2BN,6:9 n oven
ODCHOF n toveJ 2e!rt2 Housin!
4(+H:9 n stove
4L>T9
4L>T:9
n
!a0 p"ita
n
e"e@tir p"it@a
stove= coo@er
!a0 stove
p"ate
e"ectric p"ate

MBLN,/9
)UZLA&GD:CH
n
n
reri!erator= icebo'
re-ri"er!tor
4roperties
N,L,2>L/>: n reri!erator
&,6BTG>+H n reri!erator 4roperties

:9/T&(LM9)>M9 n stationery
YA/ROF n@ me! 2eet 9o- p!per; 4"ants
69)9.
varala-
n= $eas R CAo!Jo0G vara!Ji
v#t
sheet Co paperG
"ea throu!h

K:&OB
kitob#ha
n
n
boo7
boo@"et
+o$$#
8A(&AR
daftar#ha
n
'otira datari
n
noteboo7@ $opy boo7
noteboo@
noteboo@= report boo@
Mind
8L,:/,T n noteboo@= ;ritin!-pad
?>L2 n cover= case Cor boo@sG ,bjects
MB.,69
muovali
muovala-
n
$uAova Ai"-
adj
v#t
bindin!= cover
bind= cover
covered
bind= cover

8(T n
nu$NIinchi Q
pa!e
pa!e N
8ody
SAH:(A n
nu$NIinchi Q
p!"e
pa!e N

KONIER& n envelope
2-3
N9T?>L2 n enve"ope
FALA)
alamdon
n
Aa"a$ uchi
n
pen$il@ pen@ b!llEpoint@ -ount!in pen
nib= pen point
pen container

9AI&O;RUCHKA n 9-ount!in; pen
%L,M9&T() n e"t pen= $ar@er
S:YOH
siyohdon
n
n
in7
in@ container
&ubstances
ODCH:RG:CH n rubber@ er!er &ubstances
)(L>/:9 n rubber= eraserT rubber band ,bjects
.9L9MT9),&H n pen@nie ,bjects
49::> n pen@nie
CH:ZGD:CH n ruler &hape
L>/(M:9 n ru"er
&>):BL n co$passes
2,&:9 n board= b"ac@board
T9NT9 n b"ac@board= cha"@ board ,bjects
M9&H>/:9 n type;riter= s$a"" $achine

SOA&
soatso"
soatso"lik
n
AoJ" soati
devor soati
n
n
hour
$lo$7@ =!t$2
;rist;atch
;a""-c"oc@
;atch$a@er
;atch-$a@in!
Ti$e
8B2>L/>: n a"ar$ c"oc@
soat $i""ari Cc"oc@G hand ,bjects
FODNGD:ROF
o'ngiroli
n
AoJn!JiroA cha"-
adj
bell
rin!
;ith a be""

KAL:& n 7ey
,+H.>+H n @eyT Ccan= bott"eG opener 4rocesses
FUL(
ulfla-
ulflan-
ulf#hi
n
v#t
v#int
n
lo$7@ p!dlo$7
"oc@
!et "oc@ed
"oc@s$ith

T9M89 n "oc@T prop
LBL%>/ n door chain
L9/?>)
"an!ir#ha
"an!irla-
n
n
v#t
chain
Cs$a""G chain
"oc@

SHA)
shamdon
n
n
$!ndle
cand"estic@

%,/9) n
AoH" D choHnta@ onari
"antern
"ash"i!ht

2-3
@oHcha onari street "a$p
CH:ROF
#hiropoya
n
n
l!mp@ li"2t
"a$pstand

L9M49
L9M4,+H:9
n
n
"a$p
bu"b

.9/2>L n cande"abra= centre "i!ht
M9&HJ9L n torch
4),?(:T,) n projector
%9)9 n head-"i!ht
&>M
simsi"
n
ti@an"i si$
adj
;ire Ce"ectric= iron###G
barbed ;ire
;ire"ess
4"ants
:98(L n cab"e
&H/B) n "e'= cab"e
9/T(//9 n antenna= aeria"
(:)9/ n screen
89T9)(M9 n battery
),L(T:9 n p"u!
6>:LB+H9T(L n s;itch
e"e@tron buyu$"ar e"ectrica" !oods ,bjects
FODYE v#t turn on@ =it$2 on@ put on 4rocesses
ODCH:RE v#t turn o--@ =it$2 o--@ put o-- &ubstances
)92>,9449)9T n radio= radio set +o$$#
&ELEI:ZOR n televiion@ televiion et +o$$#
a@s apparati a' $achine +o$$#
&ELE(ON n
te"eon apparati
uya"i te"eon
9tele;p2one
handset= receiver
$obi"e= ce"" phone
+o$$#
T)B8:9 n receiver= handset
.BL,.+H>/ n ear-phoneCsG +"othin!
M>:),%,/ n $icrophone +o$$#
/LAS&:NKA n re$ord@ di7@ pl!te +o$$#
KASSE&A
video@asseta
n
n
$!ette 9!udio@ video;
video tape
+o$$#
+2C-2>&:G n +2= co$pact dis@ +o$$#
)AGN:&O(ON
magnitoplyonka
video$a!nitoon
n
n
n
t!pe re$order
tape
video Cp"ayerG
+o$$#
:,M49& n co$pass
2B)8>/ n binocu"arCsG
T(L(&:,4 n te"escope
M>:),&:,4 n $icroscope
2-*
(O&O
fotoapparat
(foto)plyonka
n
n
n
p2oto@ n!p
$!mer!
-ilm
+o$$#
L(/T9 n ribbonT tape= i"$ +"othin!
:92) n ra$e
:>/,:9M()9 n Ccine-Gca$era +o$$#
6>2(,:9M()9 n video ca$era +o$$#
nus'a apparati photocopier +o$$#
KO)/U&ER n $omputer +o$$#
:9L:BL9T,) n ca"cu"ator +o$$#
+H,JT n abacus +o$$#
4)>/T() n printer +o$$#
:9)T,+H:9 n
p"asti@D@redit @artoch@asi
card
p"asticDcredit card
+o$$#

uy CroJ0!JorG ish"ari
uy"arni yi!Jishtir-
house;or@= househo"d duties
do the househo"d
Housin!
K:R
kir$ona
n
adj
@ir Ai"-
@ir yuv-
@ir yoy-
n
dirt= i"th
oiled $lot2e@ =!2in"
dirty
$a@e dirty= soi"
;ash c"othes= do oneJs ;ashin!
han! out ;ashin!
"aundry= dry c"eaner

:(LOS
ifloslik
iflosla-
ifloslash-
!d<
i"os Ai"-
n
v#t
v#int
dirty 9l?-;@ -ilt2y@ muddy
$a@e dirty= soi"
dirtiness= dirtT $ean action
$a@e dirty= soi"
!et dirty= i"thy= $uddy
8ehaviour
G9)2 n dirt
2,GJ n
do!J Ai"-
stain= patch
stain= $ar@

8BGJL9- v#t dirty= soi"
AALA& n
a'"atni tash"a-
rubbi2@ "!rb!"e@ tr!2
thro; out the !arba!e

eski-tuski o"d and shabby= ;orn-outT jun@= trash (vents
LA&&A n 9pie$e o-; $lot2@ r!" +"othin!
&OZA
to"alik
tozala-
!d<
n
v#t
yuvib to0a"a-
$le!n@ $le!rJ pure
c"eanness= c"arityT purityT c"ean"iness
$le!n@ tidy 9up;
;ash= c"ean
4roperties
,L,29
o"odalik
adj
n
c"ean= tidy= c"ear= net Cperson= p"aceG
c"eanness= tidiness= c"arityT c"ean"iness

4,:
poki"a
nopok
adj
adj
adj
c"eanT pure
c"eanT pure
dirtyT i$pure
4roperties
2-5
Y:GD:SH&:RE v#t tidy up@ put in order +ate!ory
&9)9/?,M adj
saranjo$ Ai"-
c"ean= tidy Cperson= p"aceG
tidy= put in order

&9)>&HT9 adj
sarishta Ai"-
tidy
tidy

saran!om-sarishta c"ean= tidy
AR&E v#t =ipe@ $le!nJ =ipe !=!y
YUIE
yuvil-
yuvin-
yuvintir-
n
v#int
v#int
v#t
=!2
be ;ashed
=!2@ 2!ve ! =!2
$a@e have a ;ash

+H9M- v#t rinse out
SOIUN
sovunla-
n
atir DD @ir DD suyuA sovun
v#t
o!p
toi"et DD househo"d DD "iAuid soap
soap

CHOD&KA
#ho'tkala-
n
v#t
bru2J p!int bru2
brush

GB8:9 n spon!e
SU/URE
supurgi
supurindi
v#t
n
n
=eep
-loorEbru2@ broom
s;eepin!s= reuse

4>L(&,& n vacuu$ c"eaner
@ir $ashinasi ;ashin! $achine
idish yuvadi!an $ashina dish;asher
29LM,L
da"molla-
n
da0$o" bos-DAi"-
v#t
iron
iron
iron
+"othin!
2-1
Clot2in"
K:YE
kiyin-
kiyintir-
kiydir-%kiygi"-
kiyil-
kiyim
kiyimlik
kiyimsi"
v#t
@iyib yur-Dtur-
@iyib @oJr-
@iyi$ @iy-
v#int
v#t R /MI!a /NIni Q
v#t R /MI!a /NIni Q
v#int
n
n
adj
=e!r@ put on 9$lot2e@ 2oe;@ dre
;ear Cc"othes= shoesG
try on
dress o#s#= !et dressed
dre o##@ "et dreed
have M put on NCSc"othesG
have M put on NCSc"othesG
be ;orn
$lot2e@ dre@ "!rment@ $lot2in"
$ateria" or c"othin!
top"ess

kiyim-ke#hak c"othes
&H>M9)- v#t R yen!Iini Q ro"" up oneJs s"eeves
YECHE
ye#hin-
ye#hintir-
ye#hil-
v#t
yechib AoJy-Dtash"a-
v#int
yechinib @iyin-
v#t
v#int
t!7e o-- 9$lot2e;
ta@e o Cc"othesG
ta@e o oneJs c"othes= undress
chan!e oneJs c"othes
undress
be ta@en o
4rocesses
M9L9/G
M9L9/GJ,+H
adj
ya"an! bosh DD oyoA
adj
bareT na@ed
bare-headed DD bare-"e!!ed
na@ed= undressed= bare

(&:>)T- v#t ;ear out Cc"othesG (vents

K:Y:) n
ich@i @iyi$
oyoA @iyi$i
bosh @iyi$i
@iyi$C-@echa@G doJ@oniD$a!a0ini
$lot2e@ dre@ "!rment@ $lot2in"
under!ar$ent= under;ear
oot;ear
hat Cand the "i@eG
+"othin!
L>8,& n
choJ$i"ish "ibosi
c"othes= dress
s;i$suit

/AL&O n $o!t@ over$o!t
4,J&T>/ n ur coat 8ody
89))9 n "a$bs@in
/LASH9CH; n r!in$o!t@ $lo!7
:B)T:9 n jac@et
:9MLBL n jac@et Cupper outer !ar$ent= or ;o$enG
KOS&U)
kostumlik
n
n
$otume@ uit
C$ateria"G used or a suit

>&HT,/ n
@a"ta ishton
underpants= Cbo'erG shorts
underpants

SH:) n
@a"ta shi$
trouer@ p!nt
shorts

&H,)T n shorts
?>/&> n R jinsi shi$ jeans
2-7
T,J/ n Ctraditiona"G "on! robe= coat
+H,4,/ n Ctraditiona"G robe= coat
KODYLAK
ko'ylakli
ko'ylaklik
n
ayo""ar @oHy"a!i
adj
n
2irt@ dre@ bloue
dress
;earin! a shirt
dressC$ateria"G used or a shirt

ko'ylak-ishton under;ear
M9M:9 n T-shirt= sports shirt
YUBKA n 7irt
:,%T9 n jac@et= b"ouse Cor ;o$enG
8LBL9
8LBL:9
n
n
b"ouse
b"ouse Cor ;o$enG

%9)TB: n apron
M9:T9: n open-nec@ed traditiona" shirt
&6>T() n s;eater= pu""over
(U(AYKA n =e!ter@ =e!t 2irt
?(M4() n s;eater= ju$per
&>M/989/2 n bra
N9L9T n dressin! !o;n
4>?9M9 n pyja$as= paja$as
/AY/OF n o$79;@ to$7in"9;
/,&:> n soc@CsG
49MT969 n oot-c"othCsG
oyoK 7iyimi
oyoAAa @iy-
oyo!JIi!a @iydir-
-oot=e!r@ 2oe
put oneJs shoes on
put shoes on

/OYA(ZAL n
poya0a" doH@oni
-oot=e!r@ 2oe@ boot

E&:K
etikdo'"
n
n
9le!t2er; boot9;
shoe$a@er

8,T>/:9 n
botin@a ipi
bootCsG= shoeCsG
boot= shoe "aceCsG

SH://AK n lipper9;J !nd!l9;
&9/29L n sanda"CsG
:96B&H n C"i!ht su$$erG shoeCsG
M9H&> n s"ipperCsG Cso"e"ess bootsG
TB%L> n "at shoeCsG Cnot above the an@"eboneG
4,&H/9 n
ba"and poshna"i tu"i
hee"CsG Co shoesG
hi!h hee"s

,J:+H9 n hee"CsG Co shoesG
8,GH>+H n CshoeG"aceT strin!= ribbon ,bjects
FODLFO/ n "love9;
2--
bosh @iyi$i hat 8ody
SHLYA/A n 2!t
&H94:9 n cap= shap@a
FAL/OF
alpoli
alpodo'"
n
adj
n
-elt 2!t@ 9round; $!p@ 9round; 2!t
;earin! a hat
hatter <or@
T(L49: n ur cap
&9LL9 n turban
.BL,.+H>/ n ear"apCsG Con cap= hatGT ear-phoneCsG
8OD//:
do'ppido'"
n
n
9embroidered; 7ull$!p
$a@er o s@u""caps <or@
8,JM>/8,GJ n scar
&H9)% n scar
ROD)OL
ro'mol#ha
8AS&ROD)OL
n
roJ$o" oJra-
n
n
2e!d$!r-@ ne$7er$2ie-
put on a headscar
CheadGscar= nec@erchieT hand@erchie
2!nd7er$2ie-

+H>MM9T n vei"
+H9+H6,/ n vei"
49)9/?> n yash$a@= bur@a
:9&:9 n he"$et +on"ict
&HLM(M n he"$et= hard hat
L(/T9 n ribbonT tape= i"$ ,bjects
8,JM>/8,GJ n
boJyinbo!J bo!J"a-
tie
tie a tie

GALS&UK n tie
KA)AR n
@a$ar bo!J"a-
belt
put on a be"t

.9M>&H n be"t
8(L8,GJ n c"oth be"t
T9&M9 n be"t= brace"et
L,/T>: n u$bre""a
SOYAION n un2!de@ umbrell!J !=nin"
M(L4>-
yelpin-
yelpig'i#h
v#t
v#int
n
an
an o#s#
an

KODZOYNAK
ko'"oynakli
n
@oJ0oyna@ taA-Dtut-
adj
"l!e@ pe$t!$le
put on !"asses
;earin! !"asses

L>/L9 n "ens
():9:L9) adj or $en Hu$ans
9M,LL9) adj or ;o$en Hu$ans
8,L9L9) adj or chi"dren Hu$ans
300
%,)M9 n unior$

GAZLA)A
ga"lamafurush
G9LM,L
n
n
n
$lot2@ m!teri!l@ -!bri$@ te>tile
draper= c"othier
c"oth= $ateria"= abric= te'ti"es
<or@
M9T,I> n c"oth= $ateria"
/AA&A n $otton 4"ants
8,JL n coarse cotton c"oth
CH:& n $otton@ print@ $2intH@ $!li$o
:9/,4 n he$p
+H>4T9 n jute= he$p
&B)4 n "inen
:>G>L n e"t ,bjects
2BN,89 n ve"vet
:>MN,8 n brocade
2,:9 n ine c"oth= $us"i
&ER: n
!d<
teri $ahsu"oti
@a"a DD AoJy terisi
7in@ le!t2er
le!t2er
"eather products
co; hide DD sheeps@in
8ody
+H9)M n "eather
)ODYNA
mo'ynali
n
adj
-ur
ur
8ody
4UN
!unli
n
adj
=ool
;oo""y
8ody
MB/G n ;oo"
:/AK
ipakli
ipak#hi
ipak#hilik
n
ipa@ Aurti
adj
n
n
il7
si"@;or$
si"@
si"@;or$ breeder
sericu"ture

&H,M> n si"@
A&LAS n !tin
L9TT9 n Cpiece oG c"oth= ra!
M(/G
yengli
n
n
s"eeveCsG
;ith s"eeves

M,.9
yoali
n
adj
co""ar
;ith co""ar

CHODN&AK n po$7et
:>&&9 n poc@et
&UG)A
tugmala-
n
v#t
button
button up

RAZ)ER n
nu$NIinchi Q
iHe 9$lot2;
N si0e

301
M>G>)-
yigiruv
v#t
n
spin
spinnin!

T,J.>-
to'ima
to'ima#hi
to'ima#hilik
to'uv#hi
v#t
n= adj
n
n
n
;eave Cc"oth= ite$G
te'ti"e
;eaver
te'ti"e Cindustry= activityG
;eaver

8>+H-
bi#him % bi#hi
v#t
n
cut out
cut

&:KE
tikuv
tikuvchi
v#t
AoH"da ti@i"!an
n
n
e= 9$lot2e;
hand$ade
se;in!
drem!7er@ t!ylor

+H(69) n sea$stress= dress$a@er
.929- v#t R /MI!a /NIni Q se; NCSbuttonG on M 4rocesses
+H,: n sea$= joint 4rocesses
M9M9-
yamo
v#t
n
patch= $end= stitch= repair Cc"othes= shoesG
patch

TBL9T- v#t repair= $end= i' 9ction
:9&HT9 n e$broidery
!u" ti@- e$broider 4"ants
BODYAE
bo'yal-
bo'yo
bo'yo#hi
bo'yo#hilik
v#t
v#int
n
n
n
p!intJ dye
!et paintedT !et dyed
paintT dye
ChouseG painterT dyer
dyein!
,bjects
8AZ)OL
da"molla-
n
da0$o" bos-DAi"-
da0$o" urish
v#t
iron
iron
stea$-pressin!
iron

N>M+H>&T:9 n dry c"eanerHs
@i$yoviy to0a"ash dry c"eanin! :no;"ed!e

YUI:NE v#int =!2@ 2!ve ! =!2 ,bjects
+H,JM>L-
#ho'miltir-
v#int
v#t
bathe= have a bath
bath

8USH
dushli
n
dushda choJ$i"-
dush Aabu" Ai"-
adj
2o=er
have a sho;er
have a sho;er
;ith sho;er

IANNA
vanna$ona
n
vannada choJ$i"-
vanna Aabu" Ai"-
n
b!t2
have a bath
have a bath
bathroo$ Housin!
H9MM,M n Cpub"icG baths= bathhouse
SOCH:F n to=el
SOIUN n o!p ,bjects
302
sovunla-
atir sovun
v#t
toi"et soap
soap
&H9M4B/ n sha$poo
SAR&AROSH
sartarosh$ona
n
n
2!irdreer@ b!rber
hairdressin! sa"on= barbershop

&ARAE
taran-
taroq
v#t
sochIini tara-
v#int
n
$omb
co$b oneJs hair
co$b oneJs hair
$omb

soch choJt@asi hairbrush ,bjects
,L- v#t
soch o"-
soAo" o"-
tirnoA o"-
sochIini o"dir-
soAo"Iini o"dir-
tri$
cut hair
shave
cut oneJs nai"s
have a haircut
!et shaved
4rocesses
%9). n part
,J)- v#t p"ait
:,:>L n p"ait= pi!tai"
soch boHya-
soch boHyash
tint hair
hair dye
+"othin!
.>)-
irin-
v#t
v#int
shave
shave o#s
4rocesses
US&ARA n r!Hor
L(L6>( n ra0or b"ade
soAo" sovuni shavin! cree$
ti2 $2oDt7!i toot2bru2 ,bjects
ti2 p!t!i toot2 p!te
M9&&9? n
$assaj Ai"-
$assa!e
$assa!e

B.9L9- v#t $assa!e

M9&9/-
yasantir-
v#int
v#t
dress up= $a@e up= s$arten up
dress up= $a@e up= s$arten up
9ction
TBL9- v#t dress up= $a@e up 9ction
49)2,L
pardo"la-
pardo"bop
n
pardo0 Ai"-
v#t
adj
$a@e-up
$a@e-up
$a@e-up
cos$etic

:,&M(T>:9 n cos$etics
A&:R
9TT,)
attorlik
n
/NI!a Q sep-
adj
n
n
per-ume
put peru$e on N
peru$ed= scented
peru$er
peru$ery
4erception
B49 n CaceG po;der
303
upa sur-
yu0Ii!a Q surt-DAoJy-
$a@e up= put on oneJs $a@e-up
po;der
atir-upa peru$ery= peru$es
upa-elik cos$etics
"ab po$adasi "ipstic@ 8ody
&B)M9 n eye and eyebro; $a@e-up= $ascara
M9/>:B)
manikur#hi
n
n
$anicure
$anicurist

ZARGAR
"argarlik
n
n
0ar!ar"i@ doH@oni
<e=eler@ "oldmit2
je;e"ry CindustryG
je;e""erHs shop

?96H9) n precious stone
2B)
2B)2,/9
n
n
pear"CsG
pear"CsG

M9)69)>2 n pear"CsG
>/?B n pear"
UZUK n rin"
8>L9GBLB: n brace"et
8,L2,. n earrin!sT rin!
L>)9: n earrin!s
C>G&>)GJ9 n earrin!s
L9/?>) n chain ,bjects
MB/+H,. n nec@"ace= beads
M9)?,/ n Ccora"G nec@"ace
T9.-
tain#ho
v#t
n
;ear= asten= put on Cje;e"s= tieG
je;e"s

/>.,8
niobla-
n
v#int
$as@
!uise= cover
put on a $as@
Manner
)O8A n
$odada!i
$odadan chiAAan
-!2ion
ashionab"e= in ashion
out-o-date= o"d-ashioned
(vents
303
8!ily Li-e 9::;
(ood
YEE
yegi"-
yem
v#t
yeb @oJr-
yeb AoJy-
v#t
n
yem-$ashak
e!t
taste
eat up
orce to D $a@e eat
odder= ood Cor ani$a"sG
hay
6ita"
4"ants
:CHE
i#hir-
i#himli
i#himlik
v#t
v#t
adj
n
drin7@ in"et
$a@e drin@
drin@ab"e
bevera!e= drin@
6ita"
),JL9 n
roJ0a tut-
ast
ast
&pirit
49)H(L
parhe"dor
n
parhe0 tut-DAi"-
n
avoidance o ood= diet
diet
Cpeop"eG on a diet

6(G>T9)>9/ n ve!etarian
,GJ>L $eas $outhu"T so$e Co ;ordsG 8ody
.BLTBM n sip= !u"p 8ody
,&H9-
osham
v#t
n= $eas
eat ;ith the in!ers
handu" Cood eaten ;ith the in!ersG
%ood
&H>)>/
shirintomo
shirin$o'r
adj
n= adj
n= adj
s;eet C"DG
!our$andT !reedy
!our$andT !reedy
%ood
/,/N,J) n bi! eater %ood
)AS&
mastlik
!d<
n
drun7
drun@enness

9)9.H,J)
araho'rlik
n
n
drun@ard
a"coho"is$
%ood
@ayIi bor be drun@ ($otions
osh boJ"sin\ !ood appetite\
OIFA&
ovatlan-
ovatlantir-
n
ovAat pishir-Dtayyor"a-
v#int
v#t
-ood@ -eedin"@ me!l@ lun$2
do the coo@in!
eat= eed o#s#
eed

,L>.
o"ilan-
o"ili
n
v#int
adj
oodT odderT supp"y
eat= eed o#s#
nourishin!= nutritious

oziq-ovqat
o0iA-ovAat sanoati
-oodJ proviion
ood industry

&AO) n
/N tao$"arIi
/NIcha tao$Ii
-ood@ me!l@ di2
NCScountry= re!ionG ood
NCScountry= re!ionG ood

30*
T,M,. n ood 8ody

T9M922> n
ta$addi Ai"-
snac@= bite
have a snac@

G9L9: n snac@= "i!ht $ea"
NONUSH&A n
Ci@@inchiG nonushta
nonushta Ai"-
bre!7-!t
"unch
have brea@ast= have "unch

erta"ab@i choy brea@ast %ood
&USHL:K n
tush"i@ Ai"-
lun$2
have "unch
Ti$e
tu27i ovK!t lun$2
7e$27i ovK!t dinner
4>:/>: n picnic
M(/B n $enu
T9,M/,M9 n $enu %ood
ovAat"ar roJy'ati $enu +ate!ory
suyuA DD AuyuA ovAat irst DD second course 4roperties
Z:YO(A& n
/NIniD/NI!a Q Ai"-Dber-
b!nKuet@ o$i!l entert!inment
entertain N= !ive hospita"ity to N
&ocia"
KA(E n $!-e@ $!-et!ri! Housin!
.9H69N,/9 n cae= caetaria
CHOYAONA n te! 2oue %ood
89) n bar
8B%(T n buet= snac@ bar
o0iA-ovAat rastasi ood sta"" (cono$y
RES&ORAN n ret!ur!nt Housin!
,6.9TN,/9 n canteen= dinin! roo$ %ood
ovAat"anish 'onasi dinin! roo$ %ood
OSHAONA n 7it$2enJ $!nteen %ood
o0iA-ovAat $a!a0ini !rocery
NOIIOY
novvoylik
novvoyxona
n
n
n
b!7er
ba@ery trade
b!7erD 2op@ b!7ery

non doJ@oni ba@erJs shop %ood
FASSOB
assoblik
assob$ona
n
n
n
but$2er
butchery
butcherHs shop

!oJsht doJ@oni butcherJs shop %ood

/:SH
pishir-
v#int
v#t
ovAat pishir-
"et $oo7ed
$oo7
do the coo@in!
4"ants
305
pishiril-
pishi
pish$abdi
v#int
adj
underdone
be coo@ed
ripe
AO) !d< unripe
r!=@ un$oo7ed
4"ants
$om-$ata under-coo@ed
ta!Ii!a o"ibdi overdone Location
29ML9- v#t stea$= si$$er
inuse= bre;= $a@e CteaG

2>ML9- v#t stea$= ste;
8BGHL9- v#t stea$ &ubstances
.9M/9T- v#t boi" 4roperties
.,6B)-
ovuril-
ovurdo
v#t
v#int
n
roast= ry
!et roasted
roast C$eatG= joint

.>L9)T>)- v#t !ri"" 4roperties
T,8L9- v#t coo@ Con a spitG 4roperties
2B2L9- v#t s$o@e &ubstances
M,4- v#t ba@e CbreadGT prepare Cso$sa= ###G 4rocesses
:,/&()69CL9)G n
@onserva Ai"-
conserves= preserves
can

OSH/AZ
oshpa"lik
n
n
$oo7
coo@in!
%ood
49L9/29
pa"andalik
n
n
$aster chie
art o coo@in!

)(T&(4T n recipe
dastur'on tayyor"a- set the tab"e ,bjects

L9LL9T
la""atli
la""atsi"
n
6NIib Q Ai"-
adj
adj
taste= "avour
p"easure
enjoy N
de"icious= tasty
taste"ess= "avour"ess
($otions
)AZA
mazali
ma"asi"
n
$a0aIsini @oJr-
!d<
adj
t!te@ -l!vour
de"i!ht= interest
taste
deli$iou@ -l!vour-ul@ t!ty@ p!l!t!ble
"avour"ess= b"and= taste"ess= unpa"atab"e
($otions
T9JM
ta'mli
ta'msi"
n
adj
adj
"avour= taste
"avouru"= tasty
"avour"ess= taste"ess

T9T>- v#int R /NI!a Q taste nice to N C"DG ($otions
T,TC>G-
totli
v#t
totib 7oDrE
adj
taste
t!te
de"icious= "avouru"T s;eet

SH:R:N !d< =eet 9l?-; ($otions
301
shirinlik n
tasty= de"icious
s;eetness= de"iciousness
s;eet dish= dessert= pastry
ACHCH:F
a#h#hilik
!d<
n
bitter@ 2ot@ pi$y@ tron"
bitterness= spiciness

L>)96,) n spice
2,)>6,) n $edecine in!redientT spice
T9N>) adj bitter= sour= sharp
/,)2,/ adj sour= bitters;eet
&>):9 n vine!ar
&UZ
tu"li
tu"si"
tu"la-
tu"lan-
tu"lu
n
tu0 so"-
adj
adj
v#t
v#int
n
!lt
sa"t= put sa"t
sa"ted= sa"ty
;ithout sa"t
sa"t
be sa"t
sa"t-ce""ar
&ubstances
&H,J)
sho'rlik
adj
n
sa"ty= sa"t
sa"inity

OSH
oshpa"
osh$ona
osha-
n
n
n
v#t
2ot me!l@ pil!u
coo@
@itchenT canteen
eat ;ith the in!ers

BUGD8OY n =2e!t 4"ants
9)49 n bar"ey 4"ants
9)AKKA;4ODAOR: n m!iHe@ $orn 4"ants
GURUCH n ri$e 92u7ed; 4"ants
UN n
/N uni
-lour
N "our

GODSH&
go'shtli
go'shtsi"
n
Aiy$a !oJshti
NA "oD2ti
mol "oD2ti
KoDy "oD2ti
bu0oA !oJshti
choJchAa !oJshti
tovuA !oJshti
@ur@a !oHshti
!oJsht doJ@oni
adj
!oJsht"i ovAat
adj
me!t
$inced $eat
me!t o- A9L!nim!l;
bee-
mutton
vea"
por@
chic@en
tur@ey
butcherJs shop
containin! $eat
$eat dish
$eat"ess= ve!etarian

.>MM9
iymala-
n
v#t
s"iced $eat
chop= $ince
4rocesses
BAL:F
balili
n
adj
-i2
containin! ish
9ni$a"s
307
&UAU) n
tu'u$ oAi DD sari!Ji
e""
;hite DD yo"@ o e!!
6ita"
>:)9 n caviar

:,J:
ko'kat&lar'
n
n
!reens= ve!etab"es
!reens= !reenery
4"ants
&98L9
sabzavot
n
n
sab0avot doH@oni
!reens= !reen ve!etab"es
ve"et!ble@ "reen
!reen!rocer
4"ants
SABZ: n $!rrot 4"ants
&H,LGJ,M n turnip 4"ants
)(2>&:9 n radish 4"ants
TB)4 n horse-radish= radish 4"ants
osh AovoA pu$p@in Cedib"eG= sAuash 4"ants
BAFLA4ON n e""Epl!nt 4"ants
/O):8OR n tom!toe 4"ants
BO8R:NG n $u$umber 4"ants
KARA) n $!bb!"e 4"ants
KAR&OSHKA n pot!toe 4"ants
L96L9G> n beetroot 4"ants
.>L>L+H9 n beetroot 4"ants
M,&H n peas= beans= "enti" 4"ants
NODAA& n pe! 4"ants
M9&M>. n "enti" 4"ants
8B)+H,. n !arden peas 4"ants
LOI:YA n 2!ri$ot be!n 4"ants
:S)ALOF n pin!$2 4"ants
&(L2()(M n ce"ery 4"ants
SALA& n lettu$eJ !l!d 9me!l; 4"ants
4(T)B&H:9 n pars"ey 4"ants
/:YOZ n onion 4"ants
SAR:)SOF n "!rli$ 4"ants
)URCH n 9bl!$7; pepper 4"ants
G9)M2,)> n CcayenneG pepper 4"ants
.9L9M4>) n CredG pepper 4"ants
mur#h-alampir pepper 4"ants
N9/T9L n $ustard 4"ants
G,)+H>T&9 n $ustard
L9MTB/ n o"ive 4"ants
8(29 n c"over 4"ants
30-
L>)9 n cara;ay 4"ants
&H>6>T n di"" 4"ants
)9MH,/ n basi" 4"ants
M9L4>L n $int 4"ants
.,JL>.,)>/ n $ushroo$ Cedib"eG 4"ants
)EIA
mevali
n
meva-#heva
adj
-ruit
a"" @inds o ruit
ruit
4"ants
.,.> n R /N Q dried NCSruit= $eatG
AuruA $eva dried ruit
hoJ" $eva resh ruit
FOIUN n melon 4"ants
N9M9: n s$a"" or unripe $e"on 4"ants
H9/29L9: n s$a""= ear"y ripenin! $e"on 4"ants
&ARIUZ n =!terEmelon 4"ants
SHA(&OL: n pe!$2 4"ants
ODR:K n !pri$ot 4"ants
TB)&H9: n dried apricot
OL)A n !pple 4"ants
NOK n pe!r 4"ants
ANOR n pome"r!n!te 4"ants
AN4:R n -i" 4"ants
8(H> n Auince 4"ants
?>M29 n date 4"ants
NB)M, n date-pa"$= date 4"ants
OLAODR: n plum 4"ants
OLCHA n $2erry 4"ants
G>L,& n s;eet cherry 4"ants
UZU) n "r!pe 4"ants
M9M>L n raisinCsG
:>&HM>&H n Cseed"ess= currantsG dried !rapes
.BLB4/9M n stra;berry 4"ants
TBT n $u"berryT $u"berry tree 4"ants
&H,TBT n b"ac@ $u"berry 4"ants
A/ELS:N n or!n"e 4"ants
4,J)T9H,L n oran!e 4"ants
L:)ON n lemon 4"ants
BANAN n b!n!n! 4"ants
YONGDOF n
oJr$on yon!Jo!Ji
nut@ =!lnut
ha0e"nut
4"ants
310
yer yon!HoA peanut
:9&HT9/ n chestnut 4"ants
BO8O) n !lmond 4"ants
4>&T9 n pistachio nut 4"ants

)OY
moyli
moyla-
n
adj
v#t
edible oil@ -!t@ "re!e
nonEedible oil@ "re!e
!reasy= oi"y
!rease= oi"
&ubstances
YOGD
yog'li
yog'la-
n
adj
v#t
-!t@ oil@ "re!e
at
!rease= oi"
&ubstances
SU&
sutli
sutsi"
n
adj
sut"i $ahsu"ot"ar
adj
mil7
;ith $i"@= $i"@= dairy
dairy !oods
;ithout $i"@

&BLM9 n curdCsG
.9T>. n yo!hurt= sour $i"@
.B)T969 n dried sour $i"@
/:SHLOF n $2eee
&>) n cheese
FAY)OF n $re!m
SAR:YOGD n 9d!iry; butter
M9)G9)>/ n $ar!arin

N9M>) n pastry= dou!h
NON n
0o!Jora non
non-pon
non yop-
non doJ@oni
bre!d
$ai0e bread
a"" @inds o bread
ba@e bread
ba@erJs shop

G>?29 n R !ijda non @ind o bread= "i!ht in te'ture
8BN9/:9 n R bu'an@a non bread C"oaG= bread and buns
:BL+H9 n s$a"" round "at bread
MB4.9 n thin sheet o dou!h used in coo@in! &i0e
UGRA n noodle
L9GJM,/ n nood"es C;ith $eat and ve!etab"e soupG
M9:9),/ n pasta= $acaroni
+HB+H69)9 n $eat du$p"in!s
2,HLM9 n do"$a Cve!etab"e stued ;ith $eat and
spicesG

M9/T> n stea$ed bi! $eat du$p"in!s
&,M&9 n sin@er= pie
311
49T>) n
patir non
thin "at ca@e
"at ca@e= bread

G,J?9 n puddin! C$ade ro$ cerea"sG
suyuA osh soups= brouths Cand the "i@eG 4roperties
N,J)29 n rice soup
M,&HN,H)29 n rice and "enti" soup
SHODRIA n oup@ brout2
M9&T969 n rice soup ;ith $eat
M,&H:>+H>)> n $un! beans and rice
/ALOI n pil!u
&H>)GB)B+H n rice coo@ed ;ith $i"@ and butter
KABOB
kabobpa"
kabob$ona
n
n
n
7eb!b
@ebab se""er
@ebab sta""

&H9&HL>: n barbeAued $eat Cor "iverG
.,6B)M9 n roast $eat
?9):,4 n ried $eat and potatoes
2>ML9M9 n a @ind o ste; %ood
H9&>4 n sheep intestines stued ;ith $eat and rice
.9L> n ChorseG sausa!eCsG
:,L89&9 n CdryG sausa!e
&,&>&:9 n Cpor@G sausa!e
8BT()8),2 n sand;ich
&9/26>+H n sand;ich
G9M8B)G() n ha$bur!er
4>T&9 n pi00a
&H9:9),8 n sa"ad ;ith to$ato and onions
a#h#hi-#hu#huk sa"ad ;ith to$ato and onions
.BMM,. n o$e"ette C$ade ;ith "ourG
.9ML9 n sauce

SH:R:NL:K n =eet di2@ deert@ p!try %ood
4(+H(/M( n pastries= coo@ie
+H9L49: n panca@e
@ind o s;eet$eat $ade o ruit

.9TL9M9 n pastry containin! yo!hurt and butter
&BM9L9: n porrid!e o ;heat= "our= su!ar and butter=
especia""y or /o;ru0= the day o ne; year

8>&:6>T n biscuit
/:RO4NOYE n $!7e@ p!try
312
T,)T n pie= ca@e
obi-non Cround "atG ca@e
SHAKAR
shakarli
shakarsi"
shakarpa"
n
adj
adj
n
u"!r@ "r!nul!ted u"!r
;ith su!ar
;ithout su!ar
conectioner

FAN8
andolat
andolat#hi
n
chaA$oA Aand
n
n
9lump; u"!r@ $!ndy
"a$p su!ar
s;eets= candy= s;eet$eats
conectioner

and-urs s;eets= a"" @inds o s;eet$eats
KON(E& n =eet9;@ $!ndy
&#haynag'i#h-'sai#h che;in!-!u$ 6ita"
ASAL n 2oney
8,L n honey
&H>//> n ruit syrup
.>M,M n ja$T thic@ syrup
)URABBO n <!m@ preerve
H,L69 n ha"va
&H,:,L92 n choco"ate
)UZFAY)OF n i$e $re!m
M,),?/>M n ice crea$

:CH:)L:K n bever!"e@ drin7 %ood
SUI n
AaynoA DD $u0"i suv
$inera" suv
ichi"adi!an suv
=!ter
boi"ed DD iced ;ater
$inera" ;ater
drin@in! ;ater
&ubstances
%ood
CHOY
#hoynak
#hoy$ona
#hoy$ona#hi
n
@oJ@ DD a$i"DAora choy
n
n
n
te!
!reen DD b"ac@ tea
teapot
tea house
tea house ;or@er
,bjects
Housin!
&H>)+H,M n tea boi"ed ;ith $i"@= butter= sa"t and pepper
:,%( n coee
FAHIA
ahva$ona
n
n
$o--ee
cae

:9:9, n cacaoT cocoa
SHARBA& n
$eva DD /N sharbati
=eet drin7@ 2erbet
ruit DD NCSruitG juice

&H>)9
shirali
n
adj
ruit juice
juicy

/N suvi NCSruitG juice
L>M,/92 n "e$onad
313
&4>)T
spirtli
spirtsi"
n
adj
spirt"i ichi$"i@"ar
adj
spirtsi0 ichi$"i@"ar
a"coho"= spirits
a"coho"ic
Ca"coho"icG drin@s
non-a"coho"ic
sot drin@s

&H9),8 n
Ai0i" DD oA sharob
;ine= spirits
red DD ;hite ;ine

ARAF?AROF n liKuor@ vod7!@ br!ndy
L>:M,) n "iAuor
:,/M9: n co!nac= brandy
&H9M49/ n cha$pa!ne
MB&9LL9& n Cho$e-$ade !rapeG ;ine
6>/, n ;ine
M9M n ;ine= spirits
/:IO
pivo$ona
n
n
beer
pub= bar

.>M>L n @ou$iss Cer$ented $areJs $i"@G
8,JL9 n bo0a C!rain a"coho"G

&A)AK:
tamaki#hi
n
n
tob!$$o
tobacco $anuacturer

/,& n nas Cche;in! tobaccoG
494>),& n ci!arette
S:GARE&A n $i"!rette
%>LT)
filtrli
filtrsi"
n
adj
adj
i"ter
i"tered
i"ter"ess
,bjects
T)B8:9 n pipe
CHEKE
#hekil-
v#t
v#int
ta$a@i che@i"$asin
mo7e
be s$o@ed
no s$o@in!

.,)92,)> n opiu$ Hea"th
/9):,T>: n dru!s= narcotics
313
&r!nport
YODL
yo'lov#hi
yo'ldosh
n
tosh yoJ"
@en! D @atta yoJ"
yoJ"!a tush-
yoJ"Iidan adash-
/NIdan Q soJra-
n
n
=!y@ ro!dJ p!t2J route@ line
pave$entT road
hi!h;ay
set o
"ose oneJs ;ay= !et "ost
as@ N the ;ay
!uideT pedestrian
passen!er= trave""er
trave""in! co$panion

&,J.M,. n CootGpath
M,JL9:
YODLKA
n
n
corridor= passa!e
p!vement@ ide=!l7
Housin!
KODCHA n
@atta D shoh @oJcha
tor @oJcha
ko'#ha-ko'y
treet
avenue= $ain street
a""ey= side street
streets
Housin!
N>M,8,/ n avenue Housin!
8BL69) n bou"evard Housin!
+H,))9H9 n crossroads= crossin!= cross;a"@ Housin!
Cpiyoda"arG oJtish joyi CpedestrianG ;a"@;ay Housin!
yerosti oHtish joyi under!round crossin! Housin!
toJ'tash joyi par@in! Housin!
&6(T,%,) n traic "i!hts Housin!
KOD/R:K n brid"e
TB//(L n tunne"
:9/9L n cana"

ARAIA
arava#ha
aravakash
n
n
$!rt@ =!""on
cart
cart-"oad= "oad
s$a"" cart
carter= CcoachG driver

96T,M,8>L
avtomobilso"lik
n
yu@ avto$obi"i
n
carT truc@= "orry
truc@= "orry
car industry

)ASH:NA
96T,M9&H>/9
n
yu7 m!2in!i
$ashina doH@oni
n
$achine
$!r
tru$7@ lorry
car dea"er
car

%B)G,/ n van
AI&OBUS n bu
T)9M69M n tra$
T),LL(M8B& n tro""eybus
31*
)E&RO n under"round@ ub=!y
/OYEZ8 n tr!in
49),6,L n "oco$otive
69G,/ n
yotoA va!on
va!on restoran
;a!on= carria!e
s"eepin! car
dinin! car

:B4(
kupeli
n
adj
s"eepin! co$part$ent
s"eepin! CcarG

4,L:9 n she"T berth
yuAori DD past@i Aavat upper DD "o;er berth &hape
temir yoDl
te$ir yoJ"chi
te$ir yoH" be@ati
r!il=!y@ r!ilro!d
rai";ay ;or@er
rai";ay station
&ubstances
)(L& n rai"= trac@
KE)A
kema#hilik
kemaso"lik
n
ye"@an"i @e$a
suv osti @e$asi
n
n
2ip
sai"boat
sub$arine
navi!ation
shipbui"din! industry

.9M>. n Cs$a""G boat
49),N,2 n stea$ship= stea$er
(&H:9: n oar= scu""
6>/T
vintli
n
adj
scre;T scre;-prope""er
;ith scre;-prope""er
,bjects
M(L:9/ n sai"
&AYYORA n 9!ero;pl!ne
&9M,LM,T
samolyotso"lik
n
n
CaeroGp"ane
aeronautics

B+H.>+H n CaeroGp"ane Motion
9(),4L9/ n CaeroGp"ane
.9/,T n ;in! 8ody
6()T,LM,T n he"icopter
)9:(T9 n roc@etT $issi"e
IELOS:/E8 n bi$y$le@ bi7e
)O&O&S:KL n motorbi7e
GD:L8:RAK
g'ildirakli
n
adj
=2eel
;hee"ed
,bjects
&H>/9 n tire ,bjects
+H9/9 n s"edC!eGT tobo!!an
49)9&HBT n parachute

T)9/&4,)T n
shahar transporti
transportda
transport
pub"ic transport
by pub"ic transport

315
4>M,29 adv on oot Motion
M9M,6 adv on oot Motion
@oJchaDyoJ" hara@ati traic Motion
BEKA& n
!vtobu be7!ti
$etro be@ati
o'ir!iDsoJn!!i be@at
top
bu top
sub;ay station
ter$inus
Housin!
,&T9/,6:9 n bus station= bus stop
avtobus yoJ"i
nu$NIchi avtobus
bus route
nu$ber N bus

&AKS: n t!>i
$arshrut"i ta@si $inibus Transport
8(/L,:,L,/:9 n !as station
S&ANS:YA n
$etro stansiyasi
o'ir!i stansiya
t!tionJ r!il=!y t!tion
sub;ay station
ter$inus
Housin!
6,:L9L n rai";ay station Housin!
te$ir yoH" be@ati rai";ay station Transport
4()),/ n p"ator$
4L9T%,)M9 n p"ator$
(:&4)(&& n e'press train
T(L:,)
T(LMB)9)
adj
adj
e'press= ast CtrainG
e'press= ast CtrainG
(vents
havo yoJ"i air"ine /ature
)(M& n "i!ht
9(),4,)T n airport Housin!
&AYYORAGOH n !irport Transport
4,)T n port= harbor Housin!
89/29)G,H n portT junction

HAY8AE
haydovchi
v#t
n
drive 9ve2i$le;
driver
Motion
8,&H.9)- v#t pi"ot Cp"aneG <or@
@e$ada su0- sai"= navi!ate Motion
&H,%M,) n driver= chaueur
te$ir yoJ"chi rai";ay ;or@er Transport
2(/G>L+H> n sai"or= sea$an /ature
B+HB6+H> n pi"ot Cp"aneG Motion
&TMB9)2(&&9 n ste;ardess
:94>T9/ n captain
GH966,& n diver
311
CH:FE v#int G NAB"! C !o up= rise= c"i$b up= ascend N
"et into A@ "et on A9Lve2i$le;
Motion
OD&:RE v#int
NAB"! C
sit= sit do;n
t!7e A@ bo!rd A9Lve2i$le;
Motion
&USHE v#int
NABd!n C
tushib Ao"-
/NI!a Q
!o do;n= descend
"et o-- A9Lve2i$le;
!et o
!et in N= board NCSvehic"eG
Motion
):NE v#int G NAB"! C mount A9L2ore;@ bo!rd A9Lve2i$le;@ ride A
ot!a $in-DoJtir-
otda bor-
otdan tush-
!et on a horse
ride a horse
dis$ount

$ashina AoHy- D toH'ta- par@ a car
969)>M9 n
avariya!a uchra-
accident= crash= ;rec@
have an accident= crash

SA(AR n
saarda
saar!a chiA-DjoJna-
/NI!a Q Ai"-
<ourney@ tour@ trip
be trave""in!
set o on a journey
Ctrave" andG visit N

SAYOHA&
sayohat#hi
&9MM,H
&9MM,)
n
sayohatda
sayohat!a chiA-DjoJna-
sayohat Ai"-
sayohat a!ent"i!i
n
n
adj
tr!vel@ tr!vellin"@ <ourney
be trave""in!
set o on a journey
trave"
trave" a!ency
trave""er= tourist
tourist= hi@er
itinerant= trave""in!

oA yoJ"\
yoJ"in!i0 oA boJ"sin\
have a !ood D p"easant journey\ 4roperties
.9T/9-
atnov
v#int R /NI!a Q
n
Aatnov jadva"i
reAuent CNSp"aceG
trave" Cre!u"ar"yG= p"y Cvehic"e= shipG
traic= runnin!
schedu"e Meanin!
borish-kelish co$e and !o= round trip Motion
bir DD i@@i to$on!a bi"et one-;ay DD round-trip tic@et Location
M9)&H)BT
marshrutli
n
adj
itinerary= route
;ith a speciied itinerary

M9/L>L n stop= sta!e
.,J/-
o'no
v#int
n
stop o= brea@ the journey
Ctrave""erG !uest
Motion
,HT- v#int R /NI!a Q chan!e NCStransportationG Motion
CM,JLG:>)9 n
@ira haAi
are
(cono$y
yoDl 2!Ki -!re (cono$y
S:N( n $l! 9o$i!l@ $2ool@ tr!nport; &ociety
:no;"ed!e
:L9&& n R nu$NIchi Q Nrd c"ass
317
bi0nes @"ass business c"ass
29)9?9L> adj R nu$NIchi Q Nrd c"ass +ate!ory
nu$NIinchi toia
iAtisodiy toia
Cirst= second=###G c"ass
econo$y c"ass
+ate!ory
49&&9?>) n passen!er
YODLOICH: n !uideT pedestrian
p!en"er@ tr!veller
Transport
H9M),H n
/NI!a Q boH"-
trave""in! co$panion
acco$pany N &ocia"
M,JL2,&H n trave""in! co$panion Transport
:9)6,/ n caravan
31-
Le!ure
&O)OSHA n
NABni C KilE
2!ve -un@ !mue oneel-@ t!7e ! troll !t A
($otions
@oJn!"Ii och-
@oJn!i" ochish
enjoy onese"= have un
recreation= distraction
($otions
boJsh vaAt spare ti$e 4roperties
,T4B&:9 n
otpus@ada
otpus@a!a chiA-
"eave= vacation
on "eave
!o on "eave

hordiA @uni rest= day o 6ita"
&AD&:L n
taJti"da
taJti"!a @et-
2olid!y@ v!$!tion@ le!ve
on ho"iday
!o a;ay on ho"iday

d!m oli2
da$ o"ish @uni
2olid!y@ v!$!tion@ le!ve
6ita"
:9/>:BL n
@ani@u"da
on ho"iday

>&T>),H9T n rest= ho"iday 6ita"
BAYRA) n
bayra$ @uni
2olid!y@ -etiv!l
ho"idays
&ocia"

&9M) n
!yr KilE
;a"@= stro""= pro$enade
"o -or ! =!l7@ -or ! troll

!yl!nib yurE ? 7elE "o -or ! =!l7@ -or ! troll Motion
SAYOHA&
sayohat#hi
SAYYOH
n
n
n
tr!vel@ tr!vellin"@ <ourney
trave""er= tourist
tourit@ 2i7er
Transport
TB)>&T
TB)>LM
n
n
tourist
touris$

/NIni boribD@e"ib @oJr- visit N
L>M,)9T
"iyorat#hi
"iyoratgoh
n
0iyorat Ai"-
n
n
visitT pi"!ri$a!e
visit
visitor
saintHs to$b= shrine
scenic spotT historica" site
&ocia"
(:&:B)&>M9 n e'cursion= si!htseein!
yoJ" bosh"ovchi
yoJ" @oJrsatuvchi
tour !uideT pathinder
!uideCboo@G
(vents
4erception
G>2 n tourist !uide
esda"i@ Csov!JaG souvenir Mind
yod!or"i@"ar doH@oni souvenir shop Mind

ODY:N n
oHyin $aydonchasi
"!me@ pl!y@ m!t$2J d!n$e
p"ay!round

320
o'yinchoq
o'yin#hi
o'yinbo"
o'yingoh
ODYNAE
o'ynoi
n
n= adj
n
n
v#t
NA C
adj
toy
p"ayu"T p"ayer
@een p"ayer= !a$b"er
sports !round
pl!y@ 2!ve -un
pl!y A 9b!ll@ "!me@ ###;
p"ay ;ith= da""y ;ith
dance
p"ayu"= $ischievous
,6B/+H,. n toy Cused to Auieten= conso"eG %ee"in!s
&OD/ n b!ll
:,4T,: n ba"" ,bjects
4B%9: n ba""oonT bubb"e 4roperties
9)GJ>M+H,. n s;in!
:9)T9 n Cp"ayin!G cards
SHAH)A& n $2e
&H9&H:9 n chec@ers= drau!hts
9&:>M9 n a type o ;ord !a$e
.,JGJ>)+H,. n do""= puppet
.>M,)
imorbo"
n
Ai$or oJyna-
n
!a$b"in!
!a$b"e
@een !a$b"er

S/OR&
sport#hi
n
sport $aydoni
sport @"ubi
n
port
sports !round
sports c"ub
sports$an= sports;o$an
Housin!
&ociety
T)(/() n trainer= coach
&T92>,/ n stadiu$ Housin!
suv hav0asi s;i$$in!-poo" /ature
H,6BL n s;i$$in!-poo" /ature
choJ$i"ish basseyni s;i$$in!-poo" Housin!
M9NM9L9: n s@atin! rin@ &ubstances
)USOBAFA
musobaadosh
musobaalash-
n
$usobaAa Ai"-
n
v#int
$ompetition@ r!$e
co$pete
co$petitor
co$pete

:,/:B)& n co$petition
M9T+H n $atch
+H(M4>,/ n cha$pion
YU&E
yutqaz-
v#t
/NIda Q yutib chiA-
v#t
=in@ "!in
;in NCS$atch= co$petitionG
loe
4ossession
nu$NI!a nu$M hisob score o N to M .uantity
2B)9/G n dra;
321
:,M9/29 n tea$= cre; &ociety
9TL(T>:9 n ath"etics
yu!urish runnin!= race Motion
4,MG9 n race= racin!
:),&& n cross
suvda su0ish s;i$$in! Motion
G>M/9&T>:9 n !y$nastics
(U&BOL
futbol#hi
n
n
-ootb!ll@ o$$er
ootba"" p"ayer

G,L n
!o" ur-
!oa"
score

29)6,L9 n !oa" Housin!
89&:(T8,L n bas@etba""
6,L(M8,L n vo""eyba""
N,::(M n hoc@ey
T(//>& n tennis
)9:(T:9 n rac@et
G,L% n !o"
8,:&
boks#hi
n
n
bo'in!
bo'er

KURASH
kurash#hi
n
n
=retlin"
;rest"er
9ction
49HL96,/ D
4,L,6,/
n stron! $an= ;rest"er 8ody
BL,. n u"a@ Con horsebac@ to !et an o' carcassG
+H969/2,L n horse$an
ve"osiped poy!asi cyc"in! Transport
+H9/GJ> n
chan!Ji uch-
s@iCsG
s@i

:,/:> n
@on@i uch-
s@ateCsG
s@ate

322
Lo$ution
(orm o- Addre
dadaCjonG daddy %a$i"y
ada daddy %a$i"y
oyiCjonG $u$$y %a$i"y
aya $u$$y %a$i"y
/N a@a NCSirst na$eG to oneHs e"der brother %a$i"y
/NIjon NCSirst na$eG to oneHs youn!er brother %a$i"y
/N opa NCSirst na$eG to oneHs e"der sister %a$i"y
/NIhon NCSirst na$eG to oneHs youn!er sister %a$i"y
/N oH!H"i$ NCSirst na$eG to oneHs son %a$i"y
Ai0i$ /N NCSirst na$eG to oneHs dau!hter %a$i"y
/N NCSirst na$eG to oneHs chi"d %a$i"y

buva Crespectu"G to an e"der"y $an %a$i"y
buvi Crespectu"G to an e"der"y ;o$an %a$i"y
ota D otajon Crespectu"G to an un@no;n o"der $an %a$i"y
ona D onajon Crespectu"G to an un@no;n o"der ;o$an %a$i"y
!m!7i 9repe$t-ul; to !n un7no=n older?elderly m!n %a$i"y
!7! 9repe$t-ul; to !n un7no=n elderly m!n %a$i"y
>ol! 9repe$t-ul; to !n un7no=n older?elderly =om!n %a$i"y
opa Crespectu"G to an un@no;n e"der"y ;o$an %a$i"y
doDtim m!le to !n un7no=n m!le 9!me !"e; &ocia"
y!>2i KiH m!le to !n un7no=n -em!le 9!me !"e; Hu$ans
ovsin e"der"y Crura" areasG e$a"e to e"der"y e$a"e %a$i"y
$u""a a@a e"der"y Crura" areasG e$a"e to e"der"y $a"e &pirit
du"on! youn" -em!le to !n un7no=n youn" -em!le &ocia"
y!>2i yi"it youn" -em!le to !n un7no=n youn" m!le Hu$ans
u7!m to ! !n un7no=n youn"er m!le %a$i"y
in"lim to ! !n un7no=n youn"er -em!le %a$i"y
yi!it to an un@no;n youn! $an Hu$ans
ChoyG= Ai0cha to an un@no;n !ir" Hu$ans
ChoyG= bo"a to an un@no;n boy Hu$ans
bo"a"ar to un@no;n chi"dren Hu$ans

/N a@a NCSproper na$eG Cto an o"der $a"e riendG %a$i"y
323
/N opa NCSproper na$eG Cto an o"der e$a"e riendG %a$i"y
<!nob NA )r# A9Lproper n!me; &ociety
NA >onim )r# A9Lproper n!me; &ociety
do$"a\ proessor\ :no;"ed!e

janob\ CMister\G &ociety
'oni$\ CMada$\G &ociety
'oni$"ar va janob"ar\ "adies and !ent"e$an\ &ociety
oJrtoA DD oJrtoA"ar\ co$rade DD co$rades\ &tate
@asbdosh DD @asbdosh"ar\ co""ea!ue DD co""ea!ues\ <or@
doJsti$ DD doJst"ari$\
Aadr"i D a0i0 doJsti$ DD doJst"ar\
$y riend DD $y riends\
$y dear riend DD dear riends\
&ocia"

7e$2ir!iH@ CA# e>$ue me@ A# 9!ttr!$tin" !ttention on reKuet A; 9uthority
hay\ hey\
ey\ toJ'tan!\ hey\ Motion
men"! K!r!n"N loo7 2ereN@ litenN 4erception
K!ni@ CAN =ell@ AN@ $ome on AN 9e>2ortin" to A;

2!@ nim!P yeP
ha= ni$a de$oAchisi0Z yes= ;hat it isZ Meanin!
323
Greetin"
E !lomN
E !lomN
E 2elloN
E 2elloN
&ocia"
E !!lomu !l!y7umN
E v!!l!y7um !!lomN
E pe!$e be =it2 youN 9-orm!l;
E !nd pe!$e be =it2 youN

- sa"o$u a"ay@u$\
- vaa"ay@u$ assa"o$\
- peace be ;ith you\ Cor$a"G
- and peace be ;ith you\

'ayr"i erta D ton! DD @un DD @ech\ !ood $ornin! DD aternoon DD evenin!\ &pirit
a""o\ he""o\ Con the phoneG

- Aa"aysi0Z
- Aa"aysi0Z
- ho; are youZ
- ho; are youZ

@ayin!i0 Aa"ayZ ho; are youZ Care you in a !ood $oodZG ($otions
E y!>2imiiHP
E y!>2imiiHP ?? y!>2im!n@ r!2m!tN
DD oJ0in!i0 ya'shi$isi0Z
E !re you =ellP
E !re you =ellP ?? ye@ t2!n7 youN
DD and ho; about youZ
,pinion
ahvo""ar Aa"ayZ ho;Js thin!sZ
ahvo""ar ya'shi$iZ ho; are youZ
- ahvo"in!i0 AandayDAa"ayZ
- ya'shi DD juda ya'shi#
- ho; are youZ
- ine DD very ;e""#
(ntities
- Aandaysi0Z
- yo$on e$as DD 0oJr= oJ0in!i0chiZ
- ho; are youZ
- not bad DD ine= and youZ

omonmiiHP 2o= !re youP 9!re you !-eP; 9ued by =omen; 9ction
eson$isi0Z ho; are youZ Care you in !ood hea"thZG Cused by ;o$enG
so!J-sa"o$at$isi0Z ho; are youZ Care you in !ood hea"thZG Hea"th
- so!J"i!Jin!i0 AandayDAa"ayZ
- yo$on e$as DD ya'shi DD oJrtacha DD joyida#
- ho; is your hea"thZ
- not bad DD ;e"" DD air DD a"" ri!ht#
Hea"th
tinch$isi0Z ho; are youZ Cis everythin! ;e""ZG +haracter
E i2l!r9in"iH; K!nd!y?K!l!yP
- Cish"arG joyida#
E 2o= !re t2in" "oin"P
- a"" ri!ht#
(ntities
- ha$$asi D ha$$a narsa joyida$iZ
- Cha$$a narsaG joyida= rah$at#
- is everythin! ,:Z
- Auite ;e""= than@ you#
Location
uy ichin!i0 D uyda!i"ar D oi"an!i0 tinch$iZ is everythin! ;e"" at ho$eZ= ho; is your a$i"yZ +haracter
- AandayDni$a yan!i"i@"ar borZ
- ha$$asi es@icha#
- ;hatJs ne;Z
- nothin! ne;#
(vents

aJ"o darajadaC= rah$atG# very ;e"" C=than@ youG# ,pinion
juda ya'shi C= rah$atG# very ;e"" C= than@ youG# ,pinion
ha$$a ya'shi# everyone is ;e""# ,pinion
y!>2i 9@ r!2m!t;# =ell@ -ine 9@ t2!n7;# ,pinion
<oyid! 9@ r!2m!t;# Kuite =ell@ !ll ri"2t 9@t2!n7 you;# Location
32*
yomon em!# not b!d# ,pinion
oDrt!$2!# oEo# .uantity
bir nav# so-so +ate!ory
se@in-se@in= oJrtacha# so-so= as usua"# (vents
ya'shiroA boJ"ishi ha$ $u$@in edi# cou"d be better# Moda"ity
$a0a$ yoJA# not too !ood# %ood
y!>2i em!# not too "ood# ,pinion

oDHin"iH$2iP !nd youP
325
Le!veEt!7in"
>!yrN "oodbyeN@ byeEbyeN &pirit
'oJp= 'ayr\ ,:= see you\ &pirit
'ayr endi\ !oodbye no;\ Ti$e
'ayr"i tun\ !ood ni!ht\ &pirit
tunin!i0 'ayr"i boJ"sin\ !ood ni!ht= have a p"easant evenin!\ &pirit
- ho0ircha\
- 'oJp= ho0ircha\
- see you soon\
- ,:= see you soon\
Ti$e
te0 Corada D @un"ardaG uchrash!uncha\ see you soon\ &ocia"
E 7oDri2"un$2! 9>!yr;N
- 'oHp= @oHrish!uncha\
E ee youN@ ee you !"!inN
- ,:= see you\
&ocia"
erta!acha C'ayrG\ see you to$orro;\ Ti$e
@echAurun!acha C'ayrG\ see you toni!ht\ Ti$e
- 'ayr= ya'shi Ao"in!\
- 'ayr= ya'shi borin!\
- !ood bye= stay ;e""\ C;hen partin!G
- !ood bye= !o in peace\ C;hen stayin!G
Motion
9>!yr@; !lom!t boDlin"N 9"ood bye@; m!y you be =ellN 9=2en p!rtin"; Hea"th
a"vido\ are;e""\ &ocia"

9NAB"! mend!n; !lom !ytin"#
ha$$a!a $endan sa"o$ aytin!Ddeb AoJyin!#
$enin! no$i$dan barcha!a sa"o$ aytin!#
"ive 9A; my bet re"!rd#
!ive everyone $y best re!ards#
!ive everyone $y best re!ards#
Locutions

oK yoDlN
yoJ"in!i0 oA boJ"sin#
"ood <ourneyN
have a !ood D p"easant journey#
Transport
yoJ"in!i0 D saarin!i0 be'atar boJ"sin\ have a sae D !ood journeyDtrip\ Transport

C$en!a DD bi0!a 'atG yo0ib turin!#
C$en!a DD bi0!aG te"eonDAoJn!JiroA Ai"ib turin!#
;rite "etters to $e DD us#
phone $e DD us#
Meanin!
+o$$#
$eni DD bi0ni esdan chiAar$an!# donHt or!et $e DD us# Mind
'abar"ashib turay"i@# @eep in touch# Meanin!
321
:ntrodu$tion
@e"in!"ar tanisha$i0# $enin! is$i$ /N# "etJs !et acAuainted# $y na$e is N# &ocia"
oH0i$ni tanishtirsa$ $ay"i$iZ
si0!a oJ0i$ni tanishtirsa$# $enin! is$i$ /N#
$ay > introduce $yse"Z
$ay > introduce $yse" Z > a$ N#
&ocia"
/NIi$ni tanishtirsa$ $ay"i$iZ $ay > introduce $y NZ &ocia"
si0ni /NI!a tanishtirib AoHysa$ $ay"i$iZ $ay > introduce you to NZ &ocia"
i"ti$os= $eni /N bi"an tanishtirin!# p"ease introduce $e to N# &ocia"
/N bi"an tanishin!# $eet N# &ocia"
/N= bu /M# NCSna$e= tit"eG= this is MCSna$e= tit"eG#
$ana /NIi$ here is $y N
Csi0 bi"anG tanish!ani$dan 'ursand$an# >J$ p"eased to $eet you#= !"ad to $eet you# &ocia"
si0ni uchrat!ani$dan 'ursand$an# very p"eased to $eet you# &ocia"
$en si0 haAin!i0!a @oHp eshit!andi$# > have heard a "ot about you# 4erception
avva" @oJrish!an edi@# ;e have $et beore# &ocia"
avva" @oJrish$a!an$idi@Z have not ;e $et beoreZ &ocia"
$enin! is$i$ /N# $y na$e is N# Meanin!
$enin! a$i"iya$ /N# $y "ast na$e is N# Meanin!
E imin"iH nim!P
E imim NA#
E =2!t i your n!meP
E my n!me i A#
Meanin!
si0 @i$si0Z ;ho are youZ
327
:nvit!tion
m!r2!m!t@ CA9Bin"@ polite imper!tive;
$arha$at @e"in! DD oJtirin! DD o"in!#
ple!e@ A 9o--erin" A;
p"ease co$e DD sit do;n DD ta@e so$e#
8ehaviour

meni7i"! ?? biHni7i"! 7elin"# $ome !nd ee me ?? u# Motion
$eh$on boJ"in!# be our !uest# &ocia"
Aani= @e"in!= @e"in!\ co$e in= co$e in\ Motion
C$arha$atG @irin!# D @iraverin!# Cp"easeG co$e in# Motion
E >u2 7elibiHN
- 'ushvaAt boJ"in!\
E =el$omeN
- Cans;er to ;e"co$eG
($otions
$arha$at= oHtirin!# p"ease ta@e a seat# Motion
dastur'on!a $arha$at# co$e and eat\ ,bjects
choy ichin!\ have a cup o tea\ %ood
o2 boDlinN "ood !ppetiteN %ood
ishtahan!i0 ya'shi boJ"sin\
yoAi$"i ishtaha\
!ood appetite\
!ood appetite\
6ita"
osh!a Aaran! D oshdan o"in!\ he"p yourse"\ %ood
o"in!"ar\ he"p yourse"\= bon appetit\
boshAa DD hech narsa @era@ e$as= rah$at# no $ore DD nothin! e"se= than@ you#
endi @etishi$ @era@# > $ust !o no;# Motion
turadi!an vaAti$ @e"di# > $ust !o no;# Ci sittin!G Motion
toJy"ar!a @e"ay"i@# "et us !o to the easts# C!uest to his host= on partin!G &ocia"
y!n! 7elin"N ple!e $ome !"!inN 9to "uet p!rtin"; Motion
@e"ib turin!#
te0-te0 @e"ib turin!"ar\
co$e a!ain#
co$e a!ain and a!ain\
Motion
si0!aDsi0 uchun ha$$a vaAt eshi!i$Ci0G ochiA#
eshi!i$i0 doi$o ochiA\
you are a";ays ;e"co$e#
our door is a";ays open or you\
Housin!

$en si0ni /NI!a ta@"i Ai"$oAchi$an# >Jd "i@e to invite you to N# &ocia"
iHni biHni7i"! ?? NAB"!
t!7li- Kil!m m!ylimiP
m!y : invite you to viit u ?? to AP &ocia"
bu!un oAsho$ si0 bi0 bi"an bir!a
boH"a o"$aysi0$iZ
cou"dnHt you spend this evenin! ;ith usZ
$en bi"an @etishni istaysi0$iZ ;ou"d you "i@e to !o ;ith $eZ Motion
bir ay"anib @e"$ay$i0$iZ sha"" ;e !o or a ;a"@Z Motion
ba"@i bir!a ovAat"ana$i0Z $aybe ;e can !et so$ethin! to eat to!etherZ %ood
@ino!a borish!a Aa"aysi0Z ho; about !oin! to the $oviesZ +o$$#
yurin! raAs!a tusha$i0# sha"" ;e danceZ 9rt
ta@"iin!i0ni joni$ bi"an Aabu" Ai"a$an# > accept your invitation ;ith !reat p"easure# 9uthority
32-
asus@i= ta@"iin!i0ni Aabu" Ai"a o"$ay$an# unortunate"y= > canJ accept your invitation#

boD2miiHP
C/NGboJsh vaAtin!i0 bor$iZ
!re you -reeP
have you !ot so$e spare ti$e Con NGZ
Moda"ity

Cni$aG 'i0$atZ ;hat can > do or youZ <or@
330
ReKuet
iltimo@ CA9Bin"@ polite imper!tive; ple!e 9!7in" -or A; 9uthority
si0!aDsi0dan CbirG i"ti$osi$ bor# > have a reAuest to $a@e# 9uthority
bir narsani i"ti$os Ai"sa$ boJ"adi$iZ $ay > as@ you or so$ethin!Z 9uthority
$arha$at Ai"ib +NCIin!Dsan!i0=
po"ite i$perativeG
$arha$at Ai"ib= aytin!chi###
$arha$at Ai"ib= /NIni u0atin! DD @oJrsatin!#
p"ease N# Cas@in! or NG
p"ease te"" $e###
p"ease pass $e DD sho; $e N#
8ehaviour
+NIsa$ $ay"i$iZ $ay > NZ= can > NZ 9uthority
C6NIishi$G $u$@in$iZ $ay > CNGZ Moda"ity
C6NIish!aG ru'sat etin!# !ive $e per$ission Cto NG# 9uthority
ru'sat$iZ $ay >Z= do you $indZ 9uthority
ru'satin!i0 bi"an# ;ith your per$ission# 9uthority
ijo0at berin!# ;ith your per$ission# 9uthority
si0!a $a"o" @e"$asa= +N ;i"" it bother you i NZ= do you $ind i NZ &e"->$a!e
331
Apolo"ie
7e$2ir!iH ? 9meni; 7e$2irin"N e>$ue meN 9uthority
i"ti$os= $eni @echirin!# p"ease= or!ive $e#= e'cuse $e= p"ease# 9uthority
$en si0dan @echiri$ soHray$an# > be! your pardon# 9uthority
u0r\
uHr@ 7e$2ir!iHN
> apo"o!i0e\
: !m orryN
9uthority
- 6NI!ani$ uchun u0r CsoJray$anG#
- u0r soJrashnin! hojati yoJA#
- > apo"o!i0e or Nin!#
- you do not need to apo"o!i0e#
9uthority
($otions
Ci"ti$os=G 6NI!ani$ uchun @echirin!# > apo"o!i0e or Nin!#= e'cuse $e or Nin!# 9uthority
C6NI!ani$ uchunG av etasi0 D etin!\ > apo"o!i0e Cor Nin!G# 9uthority
asus Ai"a$an# > a$ sorry\ %ee"in!s
'aa boH"$an!\ sorry\= donHt ta@e oence\ ($otions
jah"in!i0 chiA$asin# donHtH be an!ry# ($otions
- 'aa Ai"$oAchi e$as edi$#
- $en 'aa boJ"!ani$ yoJA#
- > did not $ean to upset you#
- no oence ta@en#
($otions
bu $enin! aybi$ D 'ato$# >t is $y au"t# ?ustice

0arari yoJA# no har$ done# 9ction
2e$2Kii yoDK# t2!tD !ll ri"2t@ never mind@ itD not2in"#
hech !ap yoJA# nothin! $uch= never $ind= no prob"e$# (ntities
hech ni$a Ai"$aydi# it doesnHt $atter#
aha$iyat ber$an!# never $ind# ,pinion
bunin! aha$iyati yoJA# itJs o no i$portance# ,pinion
bu $uhi$ narsa# itHs i$portant# ,pinion
332
A"reement !nd 8i!"reement
2!N yeN
yoDKN noN

92!@; !lb!tt!# 9ye@; $ert!inly# :no;"ed!e
2ub2!iH# no doubt#@ undoubtedly# :no;"ed!e
92!@; 2und!y# ye@ t2i i t2e $!e#@ $ert!inly#
$en ha$ shunday deb oJy"ay$an# > thin@ so= too# Mind
si0 haAsi0# you are ri!ht# :no;"ed!e
ehti$o"# $aybe# :no;"ed!e

$ana# DD ana# here you are# DD there#
ha= $arha$at# yes= here you are# 8ehaviour
$ana= $arha$at# here p"ease C!ivin! an object as@ed orG 8ehaviour
2!@ !lb!tt!# ye@ $ert!inlyN :no;"ed!e
>oDpN
'oJp boJ"adi\
OKN
,:\= a!reed\= ri!ht\

boJpti\ a"" ri!ht\= ;e""\ Moda"ity
$ay"i\ a"" ri!ht\= ,:\ 9uthority
'ayr\ a!reed\= ;e""\ &pirit
m!DKulN !"reedN@ very -ineN 9uthority
@e"ishdi@# a!reed#= dea"# ,pinion
E CAP
E m!r2!m!tN
E A9LreKuet;P
E ple!eN 9o--erin";
8ehaviour
<onim bil!nN =it2 ple!ureN@ =illin"lyN &pirit
bajonidi"\ ;ith p"easure\
ar0i$aydi# youJre ;e"co$e# ,pinion
!ap yoJA# sure# (ntities
$en ro0i$an# > do a!ree# 9uthority
$en ha$ shunin! taradori$an# > a$ a"" or it# 9ction
C$en DD bi0G Aarshi e$as$anDD$i0# C> DD ;e haveG no objections# +on"ict
"abbay\ yes\= at your service\ C;hen ca""ed by so$eoneG

@oJra$i0# ;e ;i"" see# 4erception
oJy"ab @oJra$an# > ;i"" thin@ about it# Mind
soJ0 bero"$ay$an# > can not pro$ise# 8ehaviour

a"batta yoJA# D yoJA= a"batta# sure not#= certain"y not# :no;"ed!e
333
bunday e$as# > donJt thin@ so#
si0 nohaAsi0# D si0 haA e$assi0# you are ;ron!#
si0!a AoJshi"a o"$ay$an#
Csi0nin!G i@rin!i0!a AoJshi"$ay$an#
> canJt a!ree ;ith you#
> donJt a!ree ;ith you#
,pinion
hech ha$ shunday e$as# it is not even c"ose#
yan!"ishasi0# you are $ista@en# :no;"ed!e
hech-da not at a""#
$eni@i toH!Hri# > a$ ri!ht# :no;"ed!e

yoJA= rah$at# no than@ you# %ee"in!s
yoJA DD asus@i= Ai"a o"$ay$an# no DD unortunate"y= > canJt do it# 9ction
AoJ"i$dan @e"$aydi# > si$p"y canJt# Moda"ity
rad eta$an#
rad etishi$ @era@#
asus@i= $en buni rad etish!a $ajbur$an#
> reuse#
> $ust reuse#
> a$ very sorry= but > $ust dec"ine to do it#
9uthority
i"oji$ yoJA# > a$ araid > canJt# Manner
yorda$ Ai"a o"$ay$an deb AoJrAa$an# > a$ araid= > can not he"p# 9ction
$ay"i-ya= "e@in### >Jd "i@e to= but ### 9uthority
$in! bor u0r= "e@in### > a$ a;u""y sorry= but ### 9uthority
$en ista$ay$an# > donJt ;ant that# Moda"ity
hech-da# by no $eans#
hech Aachon\ never\
bu toJ!Jrisida !ap ha$ boJ"ishi $u$@in e$as# itJs out o Auestion# (ntities
$en!a ishon$an!i0# do not count on $e# 8ehaviour
@echirasi0= C$enG band$an# sorry= >J$ busy# Moda"ity
ishi$ @oJp# >Jve !ot thin!s to do# 9ction
vaAti$ yoJA# >Jve no ti$e Cor itG# Ti$e

$u$@in e$as#
av etasi0= $u$@in e$as#
not a""o;ed#
> a$ sorry= it is not a""o;ed#
Moda"ity
i"oji yoJA#
i"oji boJ"$asa @era@#
no ;ay#
there is no ;ay#
Manner
333
&2!n7
9iH"!; 97!tt!; r!2m!tN
/NIin!i0 uchun si0!a rah$at#
t2!n7 you 9very mu$2; 9to you;N
than@ you or your N#
%ee"in!s
!rHim!ydi# youDre =el$ome# 9donDt mention it; ,pinion
C/N uchunG Csi0!aG tasha@@ur Cayta$anG# >J$ !rateu" Cor NG# %ee"in!s
/C!anGNIin!i0dan $innatdor$an#
/NIin!i0 uchun Cchin @oJn!"idanG
$innatdor$an#
si0dan che@si0 $innatdor$an#
>J$ very !rateu" Cor your NG#
>J$ very !rateu" Cor NG#
>J$ e'tre$e"y !rateu" to you#
%ee"in!s

boJ"di= boJ"di\ thatJs ine\= thatJs enou!h\ (ntities
33*
Con"r!tul!tion !nd 6i2e
ya'shi\ very ;e""\= ri!ht\= !ood\ ,pinion
juda so0\ very ;e""\= !reat\ ,pinion
aJ"o\ very ;e""\= !reat\
ajoyib\
bu juda ajoyib\
!reat\= ;onderu"\= e'ce""ent\
thatHs ;onderu"\
,pinion
0oHr\
juda ha$ 0oJr e@an\
super\= coo"\
!reat\= super\
%orces
bara@a""a\ bravo\
Csi0!aG ba""i\ bravo\
yashan!\ ;e"" done\= bravo\ 6ita"
juda 'ursand$an\ >J$ very happy\ ($otions
'udo!a shu@ur\ than@s to God\ &pirit
eh\= +N\ Csatisaction= happinessG
ura\ hurrah\

!-uN
!-u97i;@ CA#
=2!t ! pityN
=2!t ! pity t2!t A#
%ee"in!s
hayhot\ a"as\
attan!\ ;hat a pity\= ;hat a sha$e\= darn it\ %ee"in!s
shayton ursin\ da$n it\= darn it\ &pirit
Aur!Hur\ da$n it\= darn it\ C"i!htG
juda yo$on boH"ibdi\ too bad\ ,pinion
e 'udo\ $y God\ &pirit
Aanday @oJn!i"si0"i@\
Aanday @oHn!i"si0 voAea\
;hat a nuisance\
ho; unp"easant\
($otions
juda 'aa$an# > a$ very sorry# ($otions
bi0 juda ha$ Aay!Hurdi@ ;e are $ost distressed# ($otions
si0!a ha$dard"i@ bi"dira$an#
bi0 ha$dar"i@ i0hor et$oAchi$i0#
p"ease accept a"" $y condo"ences#
;e ;ish to e'press our condo"ences#
%ee"in!s
Meanin!
si0!a juda achina$an#
bi0 juda ha$ achindi@#
> sy$pathi0e ;ith you#
;e are deep"y !rieved#
%ee"in!s

so!J boJ"in!\ be in !ood hea"th\ Hea"th
so!J"i!in!i0 uchun\ D si0nin! so!H"i!in!i0!a\ ChereHs to yourG !ood hea"th\ Hea"th
9iH"! men; b!>t til!ym!n# : =i2 you 2!ppine@ "ood -ortune# ($otions
- Csi0!a $enG o$ad ti"ay$an#
- $en ha$ si0!a o$ad ti"ay$an#
- C> ;ish youG !ood "uc@#
- > a"so ;ish you !ood "uc@#
+ircu$st#
iH"! om!dN "ood lu$7N +ircu$st#
335
o$ad yor boJ"sin\ !ood "uc@\ %ee"in!s
o$adin!i0ni bersin# !ood "uc@\ +ircu$st#
Csi0!a $enG $uvaaAiyat ti"ay$an# > ;ish you every success# 9ction
iH"! 2!m# t2e !me to you#
y!n"i yil9in"iH; bil!n#
yan!i yi"in!i0 Aut"u!J bo"sin#
2!ppy ne= ye!r#
a happy ne; year#
Ti$e
+ircu$st#
$enin! en! ya'shi ti"a@"ari$# $y best ;ishes# %ee"in!s
/N $ubora@ boJ"sin# God b"ess N= best ;ishes or N# &pirit
yorda$ bersin# God he"p us# 9ction
'udo 'oh"asa i God ;i""s &pirit
'udo saA"asin\ b"ess you\ &pirit
'udo si0!a bara@a bersin\ God b"ess you\ &pirit
'udo shiosini bersin# best ;ishes or a speedy recovery# Hea"th
yashasin /N\ "on! "ive N\ 6ita"
yoJAo"sin /N\ do;n ;ith N\ (ntities

$enDDbi0 si0ni tabri@"ay$anDD$i0 >DD;e con!ratu"ate you# &ocia"
bayra$ bi"an Ctabri@"ay$anDD$i0G# >DD;e !reet you on the occasion o the estiva"# &ocia"
tu!Ji"!an @unCin!i0G bi"an Ctabri@"ay$anDD$i0G# happy birthday# &ocia"
yutuA bi"an Ctabri@"ay$anDD$i0G# con!ratu"ations Con your "uc@y ;inG# 9ction
Au""uA\ than@ you\ Cin response to con!ratu"ationsG
331
/2one Conver!tion
a""o= "abbay# he""o#
haZ yesZ
eshita$an#
/N eshitadi#
"istenin!#
N CSonese"Js na$eG is "istenin!#
4erception

/N !apiryapti# N CSonese"Js na$eG is spea@in!# Meanin!
a""o= bu /N$iZ he""o= is that N CSCtit"e andG na$e o person "oo@ed orGZ

ha= bu $en$an# yes= itJs $e#
bi0da bunday oda$ yoJA# sorry= no one by that na$e here# Hu$ans
@echirasi0= no$erni notoJ!Jri teribsi0# sorry= ;ron! nu$ber# +o$$#
Aaysi no$er!a AoJn!JiroA Ai"yapsi0Z
si0 Aaysi raAa$ni chaAiryapsi0Z
;hat nu$ber ;ere you ca""in!Z
;hat nu$ber are you ca""in!Z
+o$$#
trub@ani AoJy$ay turin!# ho"d on= p"ease# ,bjects

/N= si0ni soJrashyapti#
te"eonda si0ni soJrashyapti#
N CSCtit"e andG na$e o person "oo@ed orG= itJs or you#
youJve !ot a phone ca""#

ni$a deb AoHyayZ $ay > ta@e a $essa!eZ

C"iniyaG band# itHs busy# Moda"ity
u0i"di#
bi0ni u0ib AoJyishdi#
>Hve been cut o#
;eJve !ot disconnected#
4rocesses
$en Aaytadan AoJn!JiroA Ai"a$an# >J"" ca"" bac@# (vents
337
)i$ell!neou
nim! boDldiP
si0!a ni$a boH"diZ
=2!t 2!ppenedP@ =2!t i t2e m!tterP
;hat happened to youZ= ;hatHs the $atter ;ith youZ
(ntities
'oJsh= ni$a !apZ ;hatJs upZ= ;hatJs the $atterZ Meanin!
si0!a ni$a @era@Z ;hat do you ;antZ Moda"ity
$en Ai"$adi$# > didnHt do it#
hech ni$ani payAa$adi$# > didnHt rea"i0e anythin! ;as ;ron!# 4erception
boJ"ishi $u$@in e$as\ it is i$possib"e\ D that is not possib"e# Moda"ity
E rotmiP
E rotN
E re!llyP
E re!llyN
:no;"ed!e
rostdan$iZ is that soZ= rea""yZ :no;"ed!e
chin$iZ D chin soH0$iZ honestZ 8ehaviour
'udo haAi\ or HeavenHs sa@e\ :no;"ed!e
iye\= +N\ oh\= N\ Castonish$entG= is that soZ
oho\= +N\ Castonish$entG
taajjub\ very surprisin!\ ($otions
bu Ai0iA\ thatJs odd\= thatJs unny\ ($otions
ana yan!i"i@\ thatJs so$ethin! ne;\ (vents
a'ir= +N\ at "ast= N\= ;e"" then= N\= so= N\ (vents
u\ D uh\ phe;\= ;he;\
ajab boHpti\ serves hi$Dyou ri!ht\ ($otions

AoJysan!i0-chi\ co$e on\= stop that\ 4rocesses
bas CAi"in!G\ thatJs enou!h\= stop\
boH"di yetar\ thatHs enou!h\ .uantity
si0 bunday de$an!\ you donHt say so\= ho; dare you say such thin!s\ Meanin!
bu Aanday !apZ ;hat does that $eanZ Meanin!
seni ni$a jin urdiZ ;hatJs up ;ith youZ &pirit
$a0asi yoJA# no interest at a""#= ;orth"ess# %ood
behuda !ap\ nonsense\ Meanin!
sasata\ nonsense\ Meanin!

ya'shi u'"ab turin!\ have a !ood s"eep\ 6ita"
- hor$an!\
- bor boJ"in!\
- do not tire\ Cto those ;or@in!G
- Cin responseG
6ita"
uya"$an!\ donJt $ind= ee" ree\ &e"->$a!e
!Ha$ ye$an!\ donHt ;orry\ ($otions
$ua$$o yoHA\ no prob"e$\ Mind
33-

diAAat\ attention\ D "oo@ out\ Manner
ehtiyot boJ"in!\ attention\ D dan!er\ D be careu"\ Manner
'av-'atar\ D 'av"i\ dan!er\ +ircu$st#
voy\ ouch\ CpainG= oh\= oh dear\ Csurprise= earG
yord!m"!N
$en!a yorda$ @era@#
$en!a yorda$ berin!\
$en!a yorda$ ber$aysi0$iZ
2elpN
> have a prob"e$#
he"p $e\
;ou"d you p"ease he"p $eZ
9ction
dod\ he"p\ 9ction
oHt tushdi\ ire\ &ubstances
oJ!Jri\ stop thie\ ?ustice
oHsha oda$ toH'tatin!\ stop that $an\ Motion

toD>t!b turin"# <ut ! moment# Motion
biro0 @utib turin!# ;ait a $o$ent p"ease# 9ction
bir $inut\ just a $inute\ Ti$e
i"ti$os o0!ina sabr Ai"in!# p"ease ;ait a ;hi"e# +haracter
shosh$an!= shosh$an!\ just a $o$ent= thereJs no ur!ency# (vents
2o2ilm!n"# t!7e your time# (vents
te0 CboH"in!G\ hurry up\ (vents
ha"i vaAt"i# it is ear"y# (vents
@ech boH"di# it is CtooG "ate# (vents

unut$a\ donJt or!et\ Mind
Au"oA so"in!\ "isten\ 9uthority
toJ'tan!\ stop\ Motion
Ai$ir"a$an!\ donJt $ove\ Motion
$en bi"an yurin!\ co$e ;ith $e\ Motion
u0oA turin!\ stand bac@\ Location
@etin!\ !o a;ay\ Motion
yoJAo"in!\ D yoJAo" @oJ0i$dan\ bu!!er o\ (ntities
yoJ" boJ"sinZ ;here are you !oin!Z Transport
$en adashib Ao"di$# > a$ "ost# :no;"ed!e
ji$\ si"ence\= no ta"@in!\ +haracter
i"ti$os= tinch"i@ saA"an!\ Auiet= p"ease\ +haracter
ovo0in!ni oJchir\ shut up\ 6ita"
oJch\ shut up\ &ubstances
$eni be0ovta Ai"$an!\ donHt bother $e\ ($otions
ah$oA\ stupid oo"\ Mind
330
past@ash\ bastard\ 8ehaviour

bu $u$@in e$as# it is orbidden# Moda"ity
@irish $u$@in e$as\ no entrance\= no ad$ittance\ Motion
oHtish $an eti"adi# no trespassin!# Motion
ta$a@i che@i"$asin no s$o@in! %ood
AoH" te!i0$an!\ donHt touch\ 4rocesses

/NCIin!i0G DD @i"osi DD necha pu" CturadiGZ ho; $uch is CyourG /N DD or a @i"oZ (cono$y
$uncha Ai$$atZ
Ai$$at-Au\
is it that e'pensiveZ
it is too e'pensive\
(cono$y
$en si0!a necha pu" Aar0$anZ
$en si0dan Aancha Aar0$anZ
ho; $uch do > o;e youZ
ho; $uch do > o;e youZ
(cono$y
i"ti$os= hisobni berin! D Ai"in!#
hisob Ai"a$i0Z
the bi"" p"ease#
$ay > have the bi""Z
(cono$y
adash$adin!i0$iZ is it correctZ :no;"ed!e
bara@a topin!\ sett"ed\= ;e"" done\ C;hen bar!ainin!G &pirit

/NIcha bi"asi0$i D !apirasi0$iZ do you spea@ /NZ Meanin!
o0!ina /N bi"a$an# > spea@ a "itt"e /N#
$enin! /NIcha$ uncha ya'shi e$as# $y /N is poor#
- si0 $eni tushunyapsi0$iZ
- $en si0ni tushun$ayap$an#
- do you understand $eZ
- > do not understand you#
Mind
i"ti$os= Aaytara o"$aysi0$iZ can you repeat that= p"easeZ (vents
bu soH0 DD +N de!ani ni$a de!aniZ ;hat does this ;ord DD +N $eanZ Meanin!
bunin! $aHnosi ni$aZ ;hat does it $eanZ Meanin!
bu /NIchada Aanday ata"adi D ayti"adiZ ;hat is this ca""ed in /NZ Meanin!
331
/roper N!me
/l!$e !nd /eople
ODZBEK
o'zbekcha
'zbekiston
o'"bekistonlik
o"bek#hilik
n@ !d<
oDHbe7 tili
!dv@ n
n
n
n
UHbe7
UHbe7 9l!n"u!"e;
UHbe7 9l!n"u!"e;
UHbe7it!n
B0be@istanese
B0be@ity= the B0be@ ;ay
.,)9.9L4,.
oraalpoiston
n
n
:ara@a"pa@
:ara@a"pa@istan
&O4:K
!ojikiston
n@ !d<
n
&!<i7
&!<i7it!n
FOZOF
"ozog'iston
n@ !d<
n
K!H!72
K!H!72t!n
F:RGD:Z
"irg'iziston
n@ !d<
n
Kir"2iH
Kir"2iHt!n
&URK)AN
!urkmaniston
n@ !d<
n
&ur7men
&ur7menit!n
BMGJB) n= adj Bi!hur
TB):>&T,/ n Tur@istan
&9)T n &art
.>4+H,. n :ipcha@
L,HL> n Gipsy
9%GJ,/
afg'oni
Afg'oniston
n= adj
adj
n
9!han
9!han
9!hanistan
(),/
eroniy
eronlik
n
adj
n
>ran
>ranian
>ranian
%,)&
forsiy
fors#ha
n= adj
adj
n
4ersian
4ersian
4ersian C"an!ua!eG
4,:>&T,/
pokistonlik
n
n
4a@istan
4a@istanese
H>/2
hindi
hind#ha
Hindiston
n
n= adj
n
n
>ndia
>ndian
Hindi
>ndia
TB):
turkiy
turk#ha
Turkiya
n
adj
n
n
Tur@
Tur@ish
Tur@ish C"an!ua!eG
Tur@ey
9)98
arabiy
n
adj
9rab
9rabic
332
arab#ha
Arabiston
n
n
9rabic C"an!ua!eG
9rabia
M>&)
misriy
misrlik
n
adj
n
(!ypt
(!yptian
(!yptian
RUS
ruscha
ROSS:YA
n@ !d<
ru tili
!dv@ n
n
Rui!n
Rui!n 9l!n"u!"e;
Rui!n 9l!n"u!"e;
Rui!
,J)B&
o'rus#ha
n= adj
n
)ussian
)ussian C"an!ua!eG
T9T9)
Tatariston
n= adj
n
Tatar
Tataristan
8,&H.>)2
(oshirdston
n= adj
n
8ash@ir
8ash@irstan
,L9)89M?,/
o"arbay!onlik
n
n
90erbaidjan
90erbaidjanese
9)M9/
Armaniston
n= adj
n
9r$enian
9r$enia
G)BL>/
G)BL>M9
n= adj
n
Geor!ian
Geor!ia
2,GJ>&T,/ n 2a!hestan
B:)9/>
B:)9>/9
n= adj
n
B@rainian
B@raine
&ovyet >ttioAi &oviet Bnion
MustaAi" 2av"at"ar Ha$doJst"i!i CM2HG +o$$on;ea"th o >ndependent &tates
/(M>&
nemis#ha
n= adj
adv= n
Ger$an
Ger$an C"an!ua!eG
G()M9/>M9 n Ger$any
G,LL9/2
)ollanda
gollandalik
n= adj
n
n
2utch
Ho""and= the /ether"ands
2utch
%)9/&BL
fransu"#ha
%)9/&>M9
n= adj
adv= n
n
%rench
%rench C"an!ua!eG
%rance
>/GL>L
inglizcha
9/GL>M9
n= adj
!dv@ n
n
(n!"ishT (n!"ish$an
En"li2 9l!n"u!"e;
(n!"and
8)>T9/>M9L>:
8uyu@ 8ritaniya
n= adj
Great 8ritain
8ritish
>T9L>M9
>T9LM9/
n
n= adj
>ta"y
>ta"ian
>&49/
ispan#ha
Ispaniya
n= adj
adv= n
n
&panish
&panish C"an!ua!eG
&pain
9M()>:9
amerikalik
n
9$eri@a .oJsh$a &htat"ari C9.&hG
n= adj
9$erica
Bnited &tates o 9$erica CB&9G
9$erican
333
:9/929
kanadalik
n
n= adj
+anada
+anadian
96&T)9L>M9
avstraliyalik
n
n= adj
9ustra"ia
9ustra"ian
M,/G,L
*ongoliya
M,HGHBL
n= adj
n
n= adj
Mon!o"
Mon!o"ia
Mon!o"
2B/G,/ n= adj 2un!an
N>T,M
$itoyi
$itoy#ha
$itoylik
n
adj
n
n
+hina
+hinese
+hinese C"an!ua!eG
+hinese
M94,/
yapon#ha
+aponiya
n= adj
n
n
?apanese
?apanese C"an!ua!eG
?apan
:,)(M9
koreyalik
:,)(M&
n
n
adj
:orea
:orean
:orean

,&>M,
osiyolik
n
,JrtaDMar@a0iy ,siyo
n
9sia
+entra" 9sia
9sian
M(6),49
yevropalik
n
n
(urope
(uropean
9%)>:9
afrikalik
n
n
9rica
9rican

8ir"ash!an Mi""at"ar Tash@i"oti C8MTG Bnited /ations CB/,G
.i0i" ,y )ed +rescent
.i0i" Noch )ed +ross

N,)9LM n :hore0$
%9)GJ,/9 n %er!hana
4,M>) n 4a$ir
&>8>) n &iberia

&OSHKEN& n &!27ent
SA)ARFAN8 n S!m!r7!nd
BUAORO n Bu72!r!
9/2>?,/ n 9ndijan
M9)GJ>L,/ n Mar!i"an
.,J.,/ n :o@and
?>LL9N n ?i00a@h
/966,M n /avvoy
333
/9M9/G9/ n /a$an!an
GBL>&T,/ n Gu"istan
T()M>L n Ter$i0
B)G9/+H n Br!ench
N>69 n :hiva
.9)&H> n :arshi
/B:B& n /u@us

2B&H9/8( n 2ushanbe
N,J?9/2 n :hojand
,LM9,T9 n 9"$a 9ta
8>&H:(: n 8ish@e@
,J&H n ,sh
.9&H.9) n :ash!ar
9&HN,8,2 n 9sh@habad
.,8>L n :abu"
H>),T n Herat
8,:B n 8a@u
.,L,/ n :a0an
M9::9 n Mecca
M92>/9 n Medina
.B22B& n ?erusa"e$
T(H),/ n Teheran
>&%9H,/ n >spahan
89GJ2,2 n 8a!hdad
29M9&H. n 2a$ascus
>&T9/8BL n >stanbu"
.,H>)9 n +airo
M,&:69 n Mosco;
L,/2,/ n London
49)>? n 4aris
)>M n )o$a
69&H>/GT,/ n <ashin!ton
/MB-M,): n /e;-Mor@
T,:>, n To@yo
4(:>/ n 8eijin!

9MB29)M, n 9$u 2arya CriverG
&>)29)M, n &ir 2arya CriverG
33*
?9M?B/ n 9$u 2arya river Cor$er nounG
L9)9%&H,/ n Larashan CriverG
&B)N,/29)M, n &ur@han 2arya CriverG
MB)GJ,8 n Mur!ab CriverG
.9&H.929)M, n :ash@ha 2arya CriverG

.,)9 2(/G>L n 8"ac@ &ea
,),L 2(/G>L> n 9ra" &ea
>&&>.:,JL n >ssyA @o" C"a@eG

9t"anti@a ,@eani the 9t"antic ,cean
Hind ,@eani the >ndian ,cean
Tinch ,@ean the 4aciic ,cean

B&T-MB)T n Bst-Murt desert
.>L>L.BM n :y0y"@u$
.,)9.BM n :ara@u$

TM9/&H9/ n R Tyanshan to!JC"arGi Tian-&han $ountainCsG
H>&,) n R Hisor to!JC"arGi Hisar $ountainCsG
,L,M n R ,"oy to!JC"arGi 9"ay $ountainCsG
335

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AN UZBEK GLOSSARY

Compiled by Herv Gurin

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