1

UNIVERSITY OF RAJSHAHI
FACULTY OF SCIENCE







DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS


B. Sc. (Honours) Syllabus
Session: 2012-2013



Introduction:

The Department of Applied Mathematics started functioning in the year
2002. Originally it was in the Mathematics Department. The Department of
Mathematics was running with two streams from 1972, One is Pure
Mathematics and the other one Applied Mathematics. But in 2002 the stream
of Applied Mathematics Started functioning separately. Now this new
Department of Applied Mathematics has got about 450 students including
M. Phil and Ph. D. research Students.

The research students of this Department are working in different field of
interest, e.g. Fluid dynamics, Meteorology, Magneto-Hydrodynamics,
Quantum mechanics and Relativity.

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Credit courses of B. Sc (honours) in Applied Mathematics spread over four
academic years carrying a total of 4000 Marks and 160 credits. The
distribution of marks shall be of 950 for the first and Second years, and 1050
marks for the Third and Fourth Years. There shall be a non-credit course on
functional English in the first year. A full unit course shall carry 100 marks
and a half unit course 50 marks. Total number of lectures for full unit course
would be 60 and for half unit course 30. Duration of examination for a full
Unit course shall be 4 hours and for half unit 3 hours. The minimum
marks/grade points required for the promotion to higher classes and the
honours degree will be according to the ordinance of the University.
Grading System

Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade
Point
80% and above A+(A plus) 4.00
75% less then 80% A (A Regular) 3.75
70% to less than 75% A- (A Minus) 3.50
65% to less than 70% B+ (B Plus) 3.25
60% to less than 65% B (B Regular) 3.00
55% to less than 60% B- (B Minus) 2.75
50% to less than 55% C+ (C Plus) 2.50
45% to less than 50% C (C Regular) 2.25
40% to less than 45% D 2.00
Less to than 40% F 00.0
Incomplete (Absence from the final
Examination)
I 00.0

In the transcript/ Grade sheet, only the letter grade and the corresponding
Grade point and finally the CGPA not the numerical marks will be shown.





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UNIVERSITY OF RAJSHAHI
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
B. Sc. (Honours) Part I, Examination, 2013
B. Sc (Honours) Part I Examination will comprise of 950 marks (Theory
courses 700, Practical Math. 100, Tutorial, Terminal and Class Records 100
and Viva-Voce 50) The duration of examination for each 1 unit theory
course is 4 hours and 0.5 unit theory courses 3 hours.
Course No. Title of Courses
Full
Marks
Unit
No.
Credit
A.Math.101 Higher Algebra 100 1 4
A.Math.102 Coordinate Geometry 100 1 4
A.Math.103 Calculus -I 100 1 4
A.Math.104 Theory of Matrices 100 1 4
A.Math.111
(Phys.)
Mechanics, Properties of Matter,
Wave and Sound
100 1 4
A.Math.-112
(Phys.)
Electricity and Magnetism 100 1 4
A.Math.-113
(Stat.)
Fundamental of Statistics and
Probability
100 1 4
A. Math-114 Functional English** 50 0.5 0
A.Math.120 Practical (Using Mat lab) 100 1 4
A.Math.121
Tutorial, Terminal and Class
Records*
100 1 4
A.Math.122 Viva-Voce 50 0. 5 2
Total 950 9. 5 38
* The Tutorial, Terminal and Class Records marks shall be awarded for
attendance in the class on the basis of the following table:
Attendance Marks Attendance Marks Attendance Marks
95-100% 20% 90-<95% 18% 85-<90% 16%
80-<85% 14% 75-<80% 12% 70-<75% 10%
65-<70% 8% 60-<65% 6% 0<60% 00%
** Non Credit will not be added to the total.

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A.Math-101
Higher Algebra
1 Unit Full Marks-100 Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Set Theory: Algebra of sets, Cartesian products, De-Morgans Theorem,
distributive law, set of numbers, Functions and relations, Injective,
bijective and Subjective functions, Drawing graphs of functions.
2. Inequalities: Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic means, Weierstrass,
Cauchys and Chebyshevs inequalities.
3. Difference equations, Summation of series.
4. Theory of equations: Fundamental theorem of algebra, Relation between
roots and coefficients. Descartes rule of- signs.
5. Solutions of cubic and biquadratic Equations.
6. Complex number. De-Moivres theorem and its applications.
7. Functions of complex arguments. Gragorys series.
8. Summation of trigonometric series. Hyperbolic functions. Factorizations.

Suggested Books:
1. Bernard and Child : Higher Algebra
2. Barnside and Panton : Theory of equations
3. Hall and Knight : Higher Algebra
4. Das and Mukherjee : Higher Trigonometry
5. S. A. Sattar : Higher Trigonometry
6. S. lipschutz : Set Theory

A.Math-102
Coordinate Geometry
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of eight taking at least
two from each group]

Section-A
1. Transformation of coordinates. Pair of Straight lines.
2. Circles and system of circles.
3. The general equation of second degree and reduction to standard forms.
Identifications of Comics.
4. The parabola

5

5. The ellipse and the hyperbola

Section-B
6. Direction cosines and direction ratios. The plane.
7. Straight lines, Shortest distance.
8. Sphere, cone and cylinder. The general equation of second degree and
reduction to standard forms. Identification of conchoids
Suggested Books:
1. Askwith H.H. : Analytic Geometry of Conic Sections
2. Smith C : Analytic Geometry of Conic Sections
3. Loney S. L. : Analytic Coordinate Geometry
4. J. M. Kar : Analytic Geometry of Conic Sections
5. Bell, J. T : A Treatise on Three dimensional Geometry
6. Smith, C : An Elementary Trealises on Solid Geometry

A.Math-103
Calculus-I
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Functions: Domain, Range, Polynomials and rational functions,
exponential functions, trigonometric functions and their inverse, graphs
of functions, hyperbolic functions and their inverses.
2. Limit, continuity and differentiability, indeterminate forms, L, Hospitals
rule, Definitions and basic theorems on limit, continuity and
differentiability, Computations of limits.
3. Differentiation: Definition of derivative, Rules of Differentiation,
Successive differentiations, Leibnitz theorem.
4. (a) Expansions of functions: Rolls theorem, Mean value theorem,
Taylors and Maclaurins theorem. (b) Maxima and Minima of functions
of one variable: Increasing and decreasing functions, Extreme values of a
function, Minimum values of function, Determination of maxima and
minima, A necessary conditions for maximum and minimum, critical and
inflexion points.
5. Partial differentiations: Eulers theorem.

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6. Tangents and normals, Asymptotes.
7. Indefinite integrals: Definition and fundamental properties, Method of
substitutions, Integration by parts, Special trigonometric functions and
rational fractions.
8. Definite integrals: Definition, Fundamental theorem, General properties,
Evaluations of definite integrals, Summation of series by definite
integral. Reduction formulas and improper integrals.

Suggested Books:
1. Howard Anton : Calculus
2. G. B. Topmas and
R. L. Finny.
: Calculus and analytical Geometry.
3. S.K.Stein and
A.Barcellos
: Calculus and analytical Geometry
4. J . Edwards : Differential Calculus.
5. F. Ayres : Calculus
6. Das and
Mukherjee
: Differential Calculus.
7. Das and
Mukharjee
: Integral Calculus
8. M. R. Spigel : Advanced Calculus
9. Williamson : Integral Calculus

A.Math-104
Theory of Matrices
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4

[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Matrices: Different types and kinds of matrices - definition, examples,
properties and verification.
2. Adjoint, inverse, block matrix definition and properties.
3. The theory and properties of determinants, higher order determinants,
solution of systems of equation by determinant (Crammers rule).
4. Elementary transformation, echelon, canonical and normal forms, rank of
a matrix.

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5. System of linear equations, consistency, solution of homogenous and
non-homogenous system by Matrix method and reduction to equivalent
system.
6. Vector space, subspace, sum and direct sum
7. Linear dependence and independence, basis and dimension
8. Bilinear and Hermitian forms.
9. Quadratic forms, Definite and semi-definite forms of Matrices. Eigen
values and Eigen vectors.

Suggested Books:
1. F. Ayres : Theory of Matrices
2. C. C. Mcduffe : Theory of Matrices
3. S. Lipschutz : Linear Algebra
4. S. L. Croasman : Elementary Linear Algebra


A.Math-120
Practical (Using MATLAB)
Full marks-100
1 unit Credit-4

Section - A: MATLAB 60 marks
1. Testing the continuity and differentiability of a function only by the
observation of the graphs.
2. Solution of Algebraic equation.
3. Transformation of coordinates in two dimensions, Graphs of function in
polar coordinates e.g. cardioids, Lemniscates, Equiangular spiral, Rose
petals.
4. Draw three dimensional figures.
5. Find maxima and minima, using graph of function.
6. Integration.
7. Solution of the system of linear equations.
8. Find out the determinant, inverse, eigenvalues and eigenvectors etc of a
square matrix.
Section - B: Practical Note Book 30 marks
Section - C: Viva - Voce 10 marks



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A.Math-111 (Phys)
Mechanic, Properties of Matter, Wave & Sound
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Vector Analysis: Vectors and Scalars, Addition and multiplication of
vectors, triple scalar and vector product, derivatives of vectors. Gradient,
divergence, and curl their physical significance.
2. Conservation of Energy and Linear Momentum: Conservative and
non-conservative forces and systems, conservation of energy and
momentum, Center of mass, collision problem.
3. Rotational Motions: Rotational variable, rotation with constant angular
acceleration, torque on a particle, angular moment of inertia, combined
translational and rotational motion of rigid body, conservation of angular
momentum.
4. Oscillatory Motions: Hooks law and vibration, simple harmonic
motion, motion combination of harmonic motions, damped harmonic
motion, forced oscillation and resonance.
5. Gravitation: Center of gravity of extended bodies, gravitational field
and potential their calculations, determination of gravitation constant and
gravity, compound and Katers pendulum, motion of planets and
satellites, escape velocity.
6. Surface Tension: Surface tension as a molecular phenomenon, surface
tension and surface energy, capillary rise or fall of liquids, pressure on a
curved membrane due to surface tension, determination of surface
tension of water, mercury and soap solution, effect of temperature.
7. Elasticity: (a) Moduli of elasticity, Poissons rations, relations between
elastic constants and their determination, cantilever, flat spiralspring. (b)
Fluid Dynamics: Viscosity and coefficient of viscosity poiseales
equation; determination of the coefficient of viscosity of liquid by
Stocks method, Bernoullis theorem and its applications, Torrcellis
theorem, venturimeter.

9

8. Wave in Elastic Media: Mechanical waves, types of waves,
Superposition principle, wave velocity, power and intensity in wave
motion, interference of waves, complex waves, Standing waves and
resonance. Sound Waves: Audible, Ultrasonic, and infrasonic, waves,
propagation and speed of longitudinal waves, vibrationg systems and
source of sound, beats, Doppler Elects.
Suggested Books:
1. Ahmed and Nath : Mechanics properties of Matter
2. Bandopadhya and Ghose : Padartha Bidya (Bengali)
3. Emran, et al : General Properties of Matter
4. Halliday and Resnick : Physics (1 and 2)
5. Emran : Text Book of Sound
6. Saha : Text Book of Sound

A.Math-112 (Phys)
Electricity and Magnetism
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Electrostatistics: Electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, dipole on
external electric field, Gausss law and its applications.
2. Capacitor: parallel plate capacitors with dielectrics, dielectric constant;
energy stored in an electric field.
3. Electric Current: Electron theory of conductivity: conductor,
semiconductors and insulators, superconductors, current and current
density, current and current density, Kirchhoffs Law and its applications.
4. Magnetism: Magnetic dipole, mutual potential energy of two small
magnets: magnetic shell, energy in a magnetic field, magnetometers.
5. Electromagnetic Induction: Faradays experiment; Faradays law
Amperes law, motional e.m.f. self and mutual inductance;
galvanomenters-moving cell ballistic and deadbeat types.
6. Thermoelectricity: Thermal e.m.f. Seebeck, Peltier and Thomson Effects,
laws of thermal e.m.f.s thermoelectric power.
7. D. C. and A. C circuits: D.C circuits with LR, RC, LC and LCR in series;
A. C circuits with LR, RC, LC and LCR in series.
Suggested Books:
1. Acharyya : Electricity and Magnetism
2. Adans and page : Principles of Electricity

10

3. Bandopadhyys : Padarthavidya(Bengali). Constant & Ghose
Theoretical Physics
4. Din : Electricity and Magnetism
5. Emran, et al : Text Book of Magnetism, ricity and Modern Physics.
6. Halliday and Resnic : Physics (I and II)
7. Huz, et al. : Concepts of Electricity and tism.
8. Islam, et al. : Tarit Chumbak Tatwa O k Padartha Vidya (Bangali).
9. Kip : Fundamentals of Electricity and Magnetism.

A.Math-113(Stat)
Fundamental of Statistics and Probability
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Statistics: Meaning & Scope, Variables & Attributes, Collection and
Presentation of Statistical Data, Frequency Distribution and Graphical
Representation.
2. Univariate Distribution: Central Tendency, Dispersion their Measures
and Prosperities
3. Univatiate Distribution2: Moments, Cumulant Skewness Kurtosis and
Their Measures. Density Function Distribution Function, Moment
Cumulant Generation Function.
4. Probability: Sample Space, Events, Union Intersection of Events.
Additional law of probability. Multiplication law of probability,
conditional probability, Bayes Theorem.
5. Mathematical Expectation: Radom Variables and Their Expectations &
Variances, Probability Generation Function, Chebysevs Inequality,
Conditional Expectation and conditional Variances.
6. Probability Distributions: Binomial, Poison, Normal distribution and
Bivariate Normal distribution.
7. Bivariate Distribution: Bivariate data, Scatter Diagram, Marginal and
conditional Distribution, Correlation, Rank correlation, Partial and
Multiple Correlation, Correlation Ratio.
8. Linear Regression: Linear Regression Involving Non-random Variables,
Principle of Lest Squares, Lines of Best fit, Residual Analysis.
Regression Analysis: 3-variable regression regression, multiple linear
regression model parameters by OLS method. Properties of OLS estimators,
Estimation with restriction. Analysis of variance in the General Linear Models.
Polynomial Regression models, Analysis of Residuals.

11

Suggested Books:
1. Anderson A.J .B. : Interpreting Data, Chapman & Hal London.
2. Cramer, H : The Elements of Probality Theory, Willey,
N.Y
3. Hool. P G : Introductory Statistics, Wiley & Sons, NY.
4. Lindley D.V : Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Vol-
1, CUP, London.
5. Lipschutz, L : Probability McGraw-Hill, NY.
6. Mosteller, Rourke
& Thoms
: Probability, McGraw-Hill, NY.
7. Wolf, FL : Elements of V Probability and Statistical
Applications, 2
nd
Ed, Addison Wesley.
8. Wonnacot T H &
Wonnacot R J
: Introductory Statistics, 3
rd
Ed. Wiley and Sons,
NY.
9. Yule, G U : An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics.
10. Kendall M. G : Fourteenth Ed, Charles Grriffin, London.
11. Crammer, H : The Elements of Probability Theory, Wiley, N
Y.
12. Feller, W : Introduction to Probability Theory & its
Applications Vol-1, Third edition, Willey N Y.
13. Gray, J . R : Probability Oliver and Boyd, London.
14. Grimmeti, G R &
Strzaker, D R
: Probability and Random Process, Oxford
University Press, London.

A.Math-114
Functional English
Full Marks-50
0.5 Unit Credit-00
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Parts of Speech, appropriate preposition, tenses, use of passive voice,
phrase, conditionals, infinitive, participle, gerunds, correction of
sentence, Framing question.
2. Developing vocabulary: suffixes, prefixes, synonyms and antonyms,
conversion of words.
3. Situational writing: posters, notices, slogans memos, advertisements,
press releases, report writing, resume/curriculum vita, paragraph writing.
4. Translation from Bengali to English.

12

5. Scientific writing for experiments and projects: Distinctive features of
scientific writing: figures, tables, equations, captions numbering, title and
section headings, professional research reporting.
Suggested Books:
1. Allen, WS : Living English Structure
2. Fitikides, TJ : Common Mistakes in English
3. Ahmed, S : Learning English Grammar
4. Thomson, AJ and
Martinet, AV
: A Practical English Grammar
5. Swales, J : Writing Scientific English.
6. Wren and Martin : English Grammar and composition
7. Vallins, GH : Good English
8. Hornby, As : The Teaching of Structural Words and
Sentence Patterns (stages 1&2), (stages
3&4)
9. Sindair, J (Editor-in-
Chief)
: Collins Cobuild English Grammar.






13

B.Sc. (Honours) PartII, Examination, 2014

B. Sc (Honours) Part II Examination will comprise of 950 marks (Theory
courses 700, Practical Math 100, Tutorial, Terminal and Class Records 100
and Viva-Voce 50) The duration of examination for each one unit theory
course is 4 hours and 0.5 unit theory course is 3 hours. A candidate obtaining
a GPA of less than 2.25 at the part-II examination shall not be promoted for
next year.
Course No. Title of Courses Full Marks Unit No. Credit
A.Math.- 201 Calculus -II 100 1 4
A.Math.- 202 Modern Algebra 100 1 4
A.Math.- 203 Vector and Tensor Analysis 100 1 4
A.Math.- 204 Ordinary Differential Equations 100 1 4
A.Math.- 205 FORTRAN Programming 100 1 4
A.Math.-211
(Phys)
Heat and Thermodynamics 100 1 4
A.Math.-212
(Phys)
Optics & Modern Physics 50 0.5 2
A.Math.-213
(Stat)
Statistical Method &
Demograpgy
50 0.5 2
A.Math.- 220 Practical (Using FORTRAN) 100 1 4
A.Math.- 221 Tutorial, Terminal and Class
Records
100 1 4
A.Math.- 222 Viva-Voce 50 0.5 2
Total 950 9.5 38





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A.Math-201
Calculus-II
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Functions of several variables: Partial differentiation, total differentiation,
differentials, Eulers theorem of homogeneous function, Taylors series for
functions of several variables, Jacobians.
2. Singular points: Concave and convex curves, Node, cusp, conjugal
points, The point of inflexion.
3. Maxima and Minima of functions of several variables.
4. Curvature of plane curves.
5. Curve tracing.
6. Definite integration: Integration under the sign of differentiation and
integration, Improper integrals, Theorem of Frullani, Applications of
definite integrals.
7. Gamma and Beta Functions.
8. Multiple integrals: Double integration, triple integration, Dirachlet's
Theorem, Change of order of integration, Determinations of arc lengths,
areas and volumes.
Suggested Books:
1. Edwards J . : Differential Calculus
2. Williamson : Integral Calculus
3. M. R. Spiegal : Advanced Calculus
4. Wider : Advanced Calculus.

A.Math-202
Modern Algebra
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Groupoid, quasi group, Semigroup, monoid and group. The symmetric
and alternation group, Permutation group, Cyclic groups Lagranges
theorem.
2. Subrroup, Normal subgraoup cosets, homomorphsim isomorphism and
related theorems.
3. Rings, Subrings, Integral domain, Ideal, quotient ring, field, The
imbedding theorem, The Euclidean rings.

15

4. Linear transformations: Range, kernl, nullity, rank, singular and non-
singular transformations, Matrix reorientation of linear transformative.
5. Characteristic roots and vectors of linear transformations, Theorems and
problems, Characteristic and minimal polynomials of Square matrices.
6. Linear functionals and dual vector spaces, Annihilators
7. Norm and inner products, orthogonal complements, orthonormal sets,
Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process, Adjoint operators, Hermition,
Unitary, orthogonal and normal perators.
Suggested Books:
1. I. N. Herstein : Topics in Algbra
2. M. L. Khanna : Modern Algebra
3. Lipschutz : Linear Algebra

A.Math-203
Vector and Tensor Analysis
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Vectors and scalars: definitions and fundamental laws, Product of
vectors, Reciprocal Vectors, Vector Geometry: Equation of planes, st.
lines and spheres.
2. Vector differentiation: Vector differential operators, gradient, divergence
and curl.
3. Vector integration: Greens theorem, Gausss diverges theorem, Stokes
theorem and their applications.
4. Curvilinear co-ordinates
5. Tensor and Co-ordinate transformations. Covariant and contravariant
vectors, Mixed & invariant tensors, Addition, subtraction and
multiplication of tensors, contraction, symmetric and skew- symmetric
tensors, Quotient Law.
6. Line element and metric tensor. Conjugate and associated tensors.
Christoffels symbols and their transformation laws.
7. Geodesics and Parallelism, Covariant derivative of a vector and a tensor,
Intrinsic derivative, Tensor form a gradient, divergence and curl.
8. Riemann Christoffel tensor, Curvature tensor, Ricci tensor, Bianchi
identity, Flat space and Einstein space.


16

Suggested Books:
1. B. Spain : Tensor Calculus
2. D. C. Agarwal : Tensor Calculus & Riemannian Geometry
3. M. R. Spiegel : Vector and Tensor Analysis
4. M.A. Sattar : Vector Analysis
5. Synge & Schild : Tensor Calculus
6. M. A. Ansary : Tensor
7. C. Weatherburn : An Introduction to Riemannian Geometry and
Tensor Analysis.

A.Math -204
Ordinary Differential Equations
Full marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Origin of differential equations, Classification of differential equations
and solution. Initial value problems, Boundary value problems, Linearly
dependent and independent set of Functions, Basic existence and unique
ness theorems (statement & applications only) Applications of first
order educations (orthogonal & oblique-trajectories)
2. First order educations for which exact solutions are obtainable, Separable
equations and equations reducible to this form, Exact educations and
integrating factors, Linear equations and Bernoulli equation, Special
integrating factors and transformations.
3. Construction & differential equations, Mathematical models
(Exponential growth and decay, heating and cooling & chemical
reactions) Riccati equation Clairauts equation first order higher degree
equations-solvable for x, y and p.
4. Higher order linear homogeneous equation with constant coefficients,
Reduction of order, Basic theorems, Application of Second order linear
differential equations.
5. Linear nonhomogeneous equation with constant coefficients, Method of
undetermined coefficients, method of variations of parameters operator
method.
6. Linear equation with variable coefficients: Cauchy-Euler equation,
Legendre equation, Operational factoring, exact equation.
7. Series solutions of linear differential equations, Taylor series method,
Frobenius method.

17

8. Systems of linear differential equations, Method of elimination, Eulers
method, Picards iteration method.
Suggested Books:
1. S. L. Ross : Differential Equations
2. G. F. Simmors : Differential Equations
3. Frank Ayres : Differential Equations
4. B. D. Sharma : Differential Equations
5. M. A. Ansary : Ordinary Differential Equations.

A.Math.-205
FORTRAN Programming
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Basic concept/ First Steps in Fortran Programming.
2. Essential Data Handling.
3. Basic Building Blocks.
4. Controlling the flow of a program.
5. Repeating parts of a program.
6. An introduction to Arrays.
7. More control over input and output.
8. Functions & Subroutines Basics. Using files to preserve data.
Suggested Books:
1. T.M.R. Ellis,Ivor R. Philips,
Thomas M.Lahey
: Fortran 90 Programming
2. V. Rajaraman : Upgrading to Fortran 90
3. Cooper Redwine : Computer Programming in
Fortran 90 and 95

A.Math-220
Practical (Using FORTRAN)
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
Section- A: Programming 60 marks
1. Solution of quadratic equation using block if statement, case statement
and subroutine.
2. Area and perimeter of circle, triangle, quadrangle.
3. Sum of some series.

18

4. Sum of digits, product of some factors, prime numbers, Fibonacci
numbers and factorial of a number.
5. One dimensional array: Sorting, searching, highest and lowest values,
mean, variance, S. D. Curve Fitting.
6. Two dimensional array: Upper & lower triangular, addition, subtraction,
multiplication of matrices.
7. Program using function subprograms and subroutine subprogram.
Section - B: Practical Note Book 30 Marks
Section - C: Viva - Voce 10 marks

A.Math-211(Phys)
Heat and Thermodynamics
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Thermometry: Gas thermometers and their corrections, measurement of
low and high temperatures, Platinum resistance thermometer
thermocouple.
2. Kinetic Theory of gases: Kinetic theory of gas, Deduction of Boyles,
Charles and Avogardos Laws, determination of gas constants, mean
force path.
3. Equation of states for gases: Equation of state for a perfect gas its
experimental study, vander waals equation deduction: physical
significance of a and b defects.
4. Liquefaction of gases: Different methods of liquefaction of air nitrogen,
refrigeration
5. Thermal conduction: Thermal conductivity, Fouriers equations of heat
flow thermal conductivities of good and bad conductors.
6. Radiation: Radiation pressure, Kirchhoffs law Black body radiation,
Stefan Boltzmanns weins law Rayleigh jeans law, Plancks Quantum
law.
7. First law of Thermodynamics: Internal energy, work done by expanding
fluid, Specific heats of perfect gases, Ratio of Cp to Cv, Isothermal and
adiabatic expansions.
8. Second law of Thermodynamics and entropy: Reversible and irreversible
processes, carnot cycle, efficiency of heat engines, absolute scale of
temperature Clausius and claperons theorem, Change of entropy in
reversible and irreversible processes. Thermodynamics Potentials at

19

constant volume and pressure, Maxwells thermodynamics relations,
specific heat equation, joule Thomson effect, production of low
temperature.
Suggested Books:
1. Bhuiyan and Rahman : Text Book of Heat, Thermodynamics and Radiation.
2. Halliday and Resniek : Physics (I and II)
3. Saha and Srivastava : A treatise on Heat
4. Leo and Sears : Thermodynamics.
5. Zemansky : Heat and Thermodynamics
6. T. Hossain : Text Book of Heat
7. Haque : Text Book of Heat Thermodynamics and Radiation

A.Math-212 (Phys)
Optics and Modern Physics
Full Marks-50
0.5 Unit Credit-2
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Geometrical Optics: Fermats principle, theory of equivalent lenses;
Defect of images, Optical instruments, Dispersion, Rainbow.
2. Nature and propagation light: Properties of light, wave theory and
Huygens principles, theories of light.
3. Interference: Youngs experiment, Biprism, Colour of thin film,
Newtons ring, Michelson and Fabry-peret interferometers.
4. Atomic Physics: Motion of electronics under electric and magnetic
fields, Measurement of e/m and e positive sign, thermionic emission,
photoelectric emission, Bohrs atom model, Atomic spectra, X-rays,
Matter waves.
5. Nature physics: Basic concept and properties of the nucleus, Nuclear
size, Binding energy, Radioactivity, Elementary knowledge of fission,
Fusion and reactors cosmic rays.
6. Electronics: Vacuum diodes and triodes, P-type and n-types,
Acmiconductors, P-n junctions, Transistor biasing, Transistor amplifiers,
Transmitters and receivers.

Suggested Books:
1. Din : Text Book of Optics
2. Mathur : Principles of optics
3. Mazumder : Text Book of Light.

20

4. Sears : Optics
5. Bandopadhya & Ghose : Padarlhavidya (Bengali).
6. Hossain T : Text Book of Heat
7. Haque : Text Book of Heat Thermodynamics and
Radiation.
8. V. K. Mehta : Principles of Electronics.
9. Beiser : Concepts of Modern Physics
10. N. Suabrahmanyam and
Brijlal
: Atomic and Nuclear Physics

A.Math-213 (Stat)
Statistical Method and Demography
Full Marks-50
0.5 Unit Credit-2
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Sample Surveys: Basic Concepts of Sample Surveys, Preparation of
questionnaire, Schedules, Instruction ets, Survey enumeration, Pilot
survey, Requirement of a good sample design, Probability and non-
probability sampling, Sampling with and without replacement and with
equal and unequal probabilities, Sampling and non sampling errors, Bias,
Accuracy and Precision.
2. Simple Random Sampling and Stratified Random Sampling: SRSWR,
SRSWOR, Procedure of selection random sampling Estimation of
population mean and its variance, Principle of Stratification Estimation of
the population mean and variance in stratified random sampling, Allocation
of sample size in different strata.
3. Systematic Random Sampling and Cluster Sampling: Sample selection
procedure in systematic sampling, Estimation of mean and its sampling
variance, Comparison of systematic with Simple and stratified random
sampling Cluster sampling, Equal and unequal cluster sampling Estimation
of mean and variance in cluster sampling.
4. Demography: Basic Concepts of Demography, Birth and death rates,
growth rates, Components of population growth rates, migration,
Population projection.

Suggested Books:
1. Cochran, W.G. Wiley N.Y. : Experimental Designs Cox, D.R
2. Cochran W. G : Sampling Techniques
3. Des Raj : Survey Sampling McGraw Hill.

21

B.Sc. (Honours) Part III Examination, 2015

B. Sc. (Honours) Part III Examination will comprise of 1050 marks
(Theory courses 800, Practical Math 100, Tutorial, Terminal and Class
Records 100 and Viva-Voce 50). The duration of examination for each one
unit theory course is 4 hours and 0.5 unit theory course is 3 hours. A
candidate obtaining a GPA of less than 2.50 at the part-I examination shall
not be promoted for next year.
Course No. Title of Courses Full
Marks
Unit No. Credit
A.Math. 301 Real Analysis 100 1 4
A.Math. 302 Complex Analysis 100 1 4
A.Math. 303 Mechanics 100 1 4
A.Math. 304 Methods of Applied Mathematics 100 1 4
A.Math. 305 Partial Differential Equations 100 1 4
A.Math. 306 Discrete Mathematics and
Programming with C
100 1 4
A.Math. 307 Numerical Analysis 100 1 4
A.Math. 308 Integral Equation 50 0.5 2
A.Math. 309 Mathematics for Business 50 0.5 2
A.Math. 320 Practical (Using Program C/C++) 100 1 4
A.Math. 321 Tutorial, Terminal and Class
Record
100 1 4
A.Math. 322 Viva-Voce 50 0.5 2
Total 1050 10.5 42






22

A.Math-301
Real Analysis
Full Marks-100
1 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Real Number system: Notion & set Rational number, field, ordered set,
ordered field, least upper bound and greatest lower-bound, least upper
bound property. The existence theorem and its proof. Dedekind cut and
Dederkind theorem. Dedekind theory equivalence to least upper bound
property and its applications.
2. Basic Topology: Finite and infinite sets, equivalence of sets countable
sets, uncountable sets, metric space, open and closed sets, perfect sets.
3. Numerical sequence: Sequence Subsequence, Bounded sequence,
convergent sequence, Cauchy sequence, completeness of R.
4. Series: Convergent series, Cauchys criteria for convergent series,
comparison test, Cauchy root test Cauchy condensation test, Ration test,
Integral test, Raabes test, Leibnitz test.
5. Continuity: Continuous function continuity and compactness, uniform
continuity, discontinuities.
6. Differentiation: Derivative of function Rolles theorem, Mean value
theorem, Generalized-Mean value theorem, Taylors theorem.
7. Function of several variables: Limit and continuity of two variable
functions, partial differentiations, Schwarzs theorem, Youngs theorem.
8. The Riemann Stieljes integration: Definition and existence of the
integrals, properties of the integrals, Integration and differentiations.

Suggested Books:
1. W. Rudin : Principles of Mathematical Analysis.
2. M. H. Proter & C. B. Morey : Modern Mathematical Analysis.
3. Bortle : Real Analysis
4. Royden : Mathematical Analysis.
5. Apostal : Mathematical Analysis





23

A.Math-302
Complex Analysis
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Complex number system: Complex number, polar form of complex
number, complex plane, point sets,
2. Complex Function: Single and many valued function Branch points and
Branch lines Riemann Surfaces Limits and continuity.
3. Analytic functions: Derivation, Cauchy Riemann equations, Singular
points, orthogonal families of curves, harmonic function.
4. Complex integration: Cauchys theorem, some consequences of
Cauchys theorem, Singularities; Classification of singularities.
5. Complex integration: Cauchys integral formulae, maximum modulus
theorem, Fundamental theorem of algebra, Rouches theorem. The
argument principle.
6. Infinite series: Series of function, power series, Taylors theorem,
Laurents theorem, analytic continuation.
7. Calculation of Residues: Residues, Residue theorem, Evaluation of
Definite integrals.
8. Conformal mapping: Some general transformations, linear
transformation, Bilinear Transformations, Application of the conformal
mapping.
9.
Suggested Books:
1. M. R. Spige : Complex Variable.
2. M. Z. Khanna : Complex Analysis.
3. J . B. Conway : Functions of complex variables.
4. L. V. : Complex Analysis
5. D. Sarason : Notes on complex function theory.

A.Math-303
Mechanics
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Static: Equilibrium of coplanar forces, A static equilibrium, Stable and
unstable equilibrium, General conditions of equilibrium forces.

24

2. Work, Virtual work.
3. Equilibrium of a string and chains: The common caterary, General
conditions of equilibrium of string, Catenary of a uniform strength,
String under central forces.
4. Centre of gravity: (i) Centre of gravity of an arc (ii) Centre of gravity of
a plane area (iii) Centre of gravity of a solid and surface of revolution
(iv) Centre of gravity of any volume.

Dynamics of Particle:
5. Motion in a straight line, Simple harmonic motion.
6. Motion in a plane referred to a Cartesian and polar co-ordinates, Central
forces, Radial and transverse velocities and accelerations, Apses and
apsidal distances
7. Motion in three dimensions, Accelerations in terms of polar and
Cartesian co-ordinates.
8. Dynamics of a rigid body:
(a) Moments and products of inertia: The momental Ellipsoid, Equi-
momental systems, principal axes.
(b) `D Alemberts Principle: The general equations of motion,
Independence of the motions of translation and rotation, Empulsive
force.

Suggested Books:
1. S. L. Loney : An Elementary treatise on the dynamic of a
particle and of Rigid Bodies.
2. S. L. Loney : An Elementary treatise on statics
3. A. S. Ramsey : Dynamics.
4. P. P. Gupta : Statics
5. G. S Malik : Dynamics.

A. Math-304
Methods of Applied Mathematics
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. The Laplace Transform: (i) Definition, existence, and basic properties
(ii) Differentiation and integration (iii) Inverse Laplace transform, and

25

convolution (iv) Solution of linear differential equations with constant
coefficients, and linear systems.
2. Bessels Equations: Solution, Generating function, Recurrence relation,
values of Bessel function, Orthogonality, Neuman, and Hankel function,
Modified Bessel function.
3. (a) Legendres Equation: Solution, Generating function, Recurrence
relation, Rodrigues formula and Orghogonality of Legendre
polynomials.
4. (a) Hermites Equation: Solution, Integral and Recurrence formula,
Orthogonality, Differential formula.
(b) Legueres Equation: Solution, Integral and Recurrence formula,
Differential forms, Orthogonality.
5. (a) Hypergeometric Equation: Solution, Hypergeometric function and
its properties, Integral formula and liner transformations of
hypergeometric functions.
6. Fourier series: Fourier coefficients, sine and cosine series, Dirichlets
theorem, Properties and applications.
7. Sturm: Lioville problem, self-adjoint differential equation,
Characteristic values and characteristic function, Orthogonality; Greenss
function.
8. Fourier transforms: Fourier sine and cosine transforms, Complex
Fourier transform, convolution theorem, Applications to boundary value
problems, Asymptotic expansions.

Suggested Books:
1. J effreys and Jeffreys : Methods of Mathematical Physics
2. Courant and Hilbert : Methods of Mathematical Physics
3. B.S. Rajput : Mathematical Physics
4. M R Spiezel : Laplace Transforms
5. B. D. Sharma and
R.K. Gupta : Mathematical Method.
6. M J Lighthill : Asymptotic Expansion
7. L Apipes : Applied Mathematics for Engg. & Scturts
8. M.A. Ansary : Methods of Applied Mathematics




26

Math-305
Partial Differential Equations
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Total Differential Equations: Integrability condition, Solution
method for Pdx+Qdy+Rdz=0 and
R
dx
Q
dy
P
dx

2. Formation of PDFs & First order linear PDEs
3. First Order quasilinear and non-linear PDEs.
4. Classification of general second order PDEs & canonical forms.
5. Second Order homogeneous and nonhomogeneous PDEs.
6. Second Order non-linear PDEs.
7. Solutions of Laplaces equations in Cartesian, Cylindrical and
Spherical coordinates.
8. Solutions of diffusion (or heat flow) equation.
Solution of wave equation.

Suggested Books:
1. F. Ayres : Differential Equations
2. I.N. Sneddon : Elements of partial Differential Equations
3. R. Dennemeyer : Introduction to partial Differential Equations
4. T Myint U : Partial Differential Equations
5. B.D. Sharma : Partial Differential Equations

A.Math-306
Discrete Mathematics and Programming with C
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4

[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
Group-A
1. Proposition, Relations and Functions: Propositions, A relational
model for data bank, Properties of binary relations, Equivalence relations
& Partitions, Partial ordering relations & lattices, chains & antichairs,
Functions and the Pigeonhole Principle.
2. Graphs and planar Graphs: Introduction, Basic terrminology,
Multigraphs and weighted graphs, Paths and circuits, Shortest Paths

27

in weighted graphs, rulerian Paths and circuits, Hamiltonian Pathes
and circuits.
3. Trees and Cut Sets: Tress, Rooted trees, Path lengths in rooted trees,
Binary search trees spanning trees and custsets, Minimum spanning
trees.
4. Latties: Lattices and Algebraic systems, Principle of duality, Baric
Properties of Algebraic system defined by lattices, Distributive and
complemented lattices, Boolean lattices and Boolean algebras,
5. Boolean Algebras: Boolean functions and Boolean expressions
Prepositional calculus, Design and implementation of digital
Networks, Switching circuits. Boolean lattices.
Group-B
1. Fundamentals of C Programming
2. Operators and expressions of C, input and output.
3. Different Control statements.
4. Functions and arrays
Suggested Books:
1. C. L Liu : Elements of Discrete Mathematics
2. Robert J . McElice : Introduction to Discrete Mathematics
3. Alan Doer : Applied diserete structure for computer Science
4. Donald F. Stanat : Discrete Mathematics in computer Science
5. Byron S.Gotteried : Programming with C
6. Stephen G.Kochan : Programming with C


A.Math-307
Numerical Analysis
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equation: The Bisection
Method, The Iteration Method, Newton-Rapson Method, The Method of
False position.
2. Interpolation: Newtons Formula for Interpolation, Gauss's Interpolation
Formulae, Lagrange's Interpolation Formula, Hermite Interpolation
Formula, Starling Interpolation Formula, Bessel's Interpolation Formula
3. Curve Fitting, Cubic spline and Approximation.

28

4. Numerical Solutions of Linear and Non Linear System of Equations:
Gaussian Elimination Method Iterative Methods, Matrix Inversion Method
of Factorization.
5. Numerical Differentiation and Integration: The Cubic spline Method,
Errors in Numerical Differentiation, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson's Rule,
Trapezoidal Rule.
6. Numerical Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations: Solution by
Taylor's series, Picard's Method of Successive Approximations, Eulers
Method, Modified Euler's Method, Runge-Kutta Method.
7. Finite Difference Method
8. Numerical Solutions of Partial Differential Equations

Suggested Books:
1. S. S. Sastry : Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis
2. P. Henrici : Elements of Numerical Analysis
3. Burden, Faires : Numerical Analysis
4. A. R. Bashishtha : Numerical Analysis


A.Math-308
Integral Equations
0.5 Unit Full marks - 50 Credit - 2
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Introduction, Types of IEs, Differentiation under an integral sign,
Relation between differential and integral equations.
2. Solution of the VIEs and FIEs of the first and second kinds.
3. Fredholms First, Second and Third fundamental theorems.
Fundamental function, IEs with degenerate kernels, Eigenvalues &
eigen functions.
4. Symmetric kernel, Orthogonal & Normalised systems, Schmidts
solution of non-homogeneous IEs, Hilbert Schmidt theorem.
5. Construction of Greens function, Influence function, IE & Greens
function for BVPs.
6. Singular IEs, Cauchy principal integral, Hilbert kernel & Hilbert
formula. Solution of Hilbert type IEs of the first & second kinds.

Suggested Books:
1. Shanti Swarup : Integral Equations

29

2. M.D. Raishinghania : Linear Integral Equations
3. R.P. Kanwal : Linear Integral Equations
4. T.G. Tricomi : Integral Equations
5. A.R. Vashishtha : Integral Equations

A.Math-309
Mathematics for Business

0.5 Unit Full marks - 50 Credit - 2
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Set Theory and its applications to business problems, Applications of
Matrices and system of linear equations.
2. Straight lines and its applications to business Break Even interpretations.
3. Mathematics of finance: Simple and compound interest, Present and
future value, Simple and compound discount, Depreciation, Annuity.
4. Supply and demand function. Application of supply and demand
functions. Elasticity Relation between average and marginal cost
5. Application of differential calculus: Maxima and Minima of a function
and its applications, Marginal Propensity of consume and the multiplier,
Applications of partial derivates.
6. Application of integral calculus; Interpretive application of area
consumers and producers surplus, Applications of differential equation,
Dynamic modeling and difference equations.
Suggested Books:
1. Mathematics with applications in
Management and Economics
: D. Prichet and J ohn. C. Saber.
2. Introductory Mathematics for
Economics and Buseness,
: K. Holden and A.W. Pearson
3. Business Mathematics. : D. C. Sanchetiz. V. K. Kapoor.
4. Business Mathematics : Zambeer uddin, Khanna and
hambri.






30

A. Math-320
Practical (Using C/C++)
1 Unit Full marks 100 Credit -
4

A.


Programming 60 Marks
1. Solution of Cubic equation using if else statement, switch
statement. Shortest distance between two given lines.
Volume and Surface area of tetrahedron. Sphere cone.
2. Cylinder, ellipsoid. Area of great circle.
3. Sun of some series: Sin(x), Cos (x), tan(x) , log(x) and TT ets.
4. Prime numbers, factorial of a number and sorting.
5. Calculation of interest, income tax, annuity, telephone bill,
electric bill and grading system.
6. Properties of matrices, inverse, eigenvalue, & determinant value.
7. Solution of system of linear equations using crammers rule,
gauss elimination method, iteration method.

B Practical Note Book 30 Marks.
C Viva - Voce 10 marks


31

B.Sc. (Honours) Part IV Examination, 2016

B. Sc (Honours) Part IV Examination will comprise of 1050 marks (Theory
courses 800, Practical Math 100, Tutorial, Terminal and Class Records 100
and Viva-Voce 50). The duration of examination for each one unit theory
course is 4 hours and 0.5 unit theory course is 3 hours. A candidate for
Honours Part IV of 2016 shall take any eight courses from the following
courses A.Math.-401 - A.Math.-411 with the approval of the department.

Course No. Title of Courses Full
Marks
Unit
No.
Credit
A.Math.-401 Hydrodynamics 100 1 4
A.Math.-402 Quantum Mechanics 100 1 4
A.Math.-403 Differential Geometry 100 1 4
A.Math.-404 Classical Mechanics 100 1 4
A.Math.-405 Electrodynamics 100 1 4
A.Math.-406 Operations Research 100 1 4
A.Math-407 Astronomy 100 1 4
A.Math.-408 Special Theory of Relativity 100 1 4
A.Math.-409 Thermodynamics and Statistical
Mechanics
100 1 4
A.Math-410 Biomathematics 100 1 4
A.Math-411 Honours Project 100 1 4
A.Math-420 Practical (C++/FORTRAN) 100 1 4
A.Math-421 Tutorial Terminal and Class Record 100 1 4
A.Math-422 Viva-Voce 50 05 2
Total 1050 10.5 42


32

A.Math-401
Hydrodynamics
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Some basic properties of the fluid. Velocity and acceleration of fluid
particles. Lagranges and Eulers method. Martial local and convective
derivatives. Steady and unsteady flows. Uniform and non-uniform flows.
2. Streamline pathlines and Vortex lines, velocity potential, vorticity vector,
rotational and irrotational flows, one, two and three dimensional flows,
discharge or rate of flow .
3. Significance of the equation of continuity. The equation of continuity.
Equation of continuity in curvilinear coordinates. Equation of continuity
in spherical and polar coordinates. Equation of continuity of an
incompressible fluid through a channel. Boundary surface.
4. Eulers equation of motion, conservative field of force; Lambs
hydrodynamical equations of motion; Bernoullis equation; Motion
under conservative body force, Vorticity equations, Helmhomrks
vorticity equation.
5. Motion in two-dimension; Stream function Physical meaning of stream
function velocity in polar coordinates. Relation between stream function
and velocity potential.
6. Sources, sinks and doublets, complex potential and complex velocity,
stagnation points; complex potential due to a source and a doublet,
Uniform stream. Image in two and three dimensions Image of a source and
doublet w. r. to circle. Stokes stream function.
7. Flow and Circulation; Relation between circulation and vorticity.
Kelvins circulation theorem, Permanence of irrational motion, Equation
of energy; kelvins minimum energy theorem.
Circles theorem, The Theorem of blasius, the force exerted on a
circular cylinder by a source, Motion of a circular cylinder, pressure at
points on a circular cylinder, image system for a source outside
circular cylinder.
8. Vortex motion, vortex tube; strength of a vortex, vortex pair, complex
potential due to vortex motion, vortex rows, Free vortex, Forced vortex,
spiral vortex, compound vortex. Image of a vortex filament in a plane,
Image of a vortex outside and inside a circular cylinder


33

Suggested Books:
1. F. Chorlton : Fluid dynamics Van-Nostrand
2. I. M. Milne Thomosn : Theoretical Hydrodynamics
3. P.P. Gupta : Hydrodynamics

A.Math-402
Quantum Mechanics
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Basic Concept, Plancks hypothesis, Classical laws, Plancks radiation
law, Black body radiation, Photo-electric effect, Einsteins Photon
theory, Compton effect.
2. Wave Particle Dualism for light and matter, De Broglie Model of the
Atom, De Broglie wave, phase and group velocities, Wave packets,
Uncertainty principle.
3. Thomson Model of the Atom, Rutherford Atom model, Rutherford
scattering of particles, Bohr Model of the Atom, Bohrs theory of the
Hydrogen Spectrum, Spectral Series of Hydrogen Atom, Energy level of
Hydrogen Atom, Correspondence principle.
4. Wave Mechanical concepts, Schrodinger wave equation, Interpretation
of wave function; Expectation value and Ehrenfests theorem.
5. Energy eigenfunctions, One dimensional square well potential,
Interpretative Postulates and energy eigenfunctions.
6. Momentum eigenfunctions, Box normalization, Dirac function; Motion
of a free wave packet, Minimum uncertainty product and minimum
packet .
7. Linear harmonic oscillator.
8. Spherically Symmetric potential in three dimension, Angular momentum
Hydrogen atom. Collision theory: One Dimension square potential
barrier.
Suggested Books:
1. Arther Beiser : Concepts of Modern Physics.
2. L. I Schiff : Quantum Mechanics.
3. P. T. Mathews : Introduction of Quantum Mechanics
4. Powell and Crassmann : Quantum Mechanics
5. Gupta, Kumar and Sharma : Quantum Mechanics
6. Donald Rao : Quantum Mechanics.

34

A.Math-403
Differential Geometry
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Curves: Parametric representation, arc length, Tangent, Osculation plane,
Normal, Principal normal, Binormal and fundamental planes.
2. Curves: Curvature and torsion, Frenet setet formula, Helices, Osculation
circle osculating sphere, involute and Evolute.
3. Surface: Parametric equations, Parametric curves, Tangent plane, normal
and envelope, two and three parameter family of surfaces.
4. First and second fundamental forms, Direction coefficients, orthogonal
trajectories, Double family of curves.
5. Curves on a surface: Normal curvature and sections Meusniers theorem,
Principal sections, Curvature and directions, Rodrigues formula, Eulers
theorem, Minimal surface.
6. Developable, Monges Theorem, Conjugate directions, Asymptotic lines,
Theorem of Beltrami Enneper.
7. Ruled and skew surfaces parallel surfaces and Bonnets theorem
isometric lines.
8. Geodesics: Definitions, Differential equation of geodesics. Canonical
geodesic equation Geodesic on a surface of revolutions, Clairauts
theorem, Gauss-Bonnet Theorem. Differential Manifolds, connection &
curvature on a Manifold.
Suggested Books:
1. H.Guggen Heimer : Differential Geometry
2. D.J. Struik : Classical Differential Geometry
3. J .N. Sharma and A.R. Basishtha : Differential Geometry
4. M.L. Khanna : Differential Geometry
5. C. Weathcrburn : Differential Geometry of three
Dimensions.
6. T.J . Willmore : An Introduction to Differential
Geometry
7. S. Stamike : Differential Geometry

35

A- Math-404
Classical Mechanics
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Generalized coordinates: Holonomic and non-holonomic systems.
Langranges equation for holonomic and non-holonomic dynamical
systems.
2. Elementary Principles: Mechanics of a particle and system of
particles, constraints, D-Alembertes principle and langranges
equation. Simple applications of Langrange's equation.
3. Introduction to calculus of variation, Eular-Langrange differential
equation, applications.
4. Phase space, Hamiltons equations, and Hamiltons principle, principle
of least action, Hamiltons function and Hamilton-Jacoby equation.
5. Langrange and Poisson brackets, contact transformation, commentator.
6. Motion under a central force; Two body problem, inverse square law,
Centre of mass an laboratory coordinates, Rutherford scattering.
7. Motion in rotating frames, motion relative to earth. Foucaults Pendulum.
8. Impulsive motion, ignoration of coordinates, small oscillation,
constant of motion.
Introduction to the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations for
continuous systems and fields.

Suggested Books:
1. H. Goldstein : Classical Mechanics
2. Rutherford : Classical Mechanics
3. Gupta, Kumar : Classical Mechanics
4. B.D. Gupta and S. Saha : Classical Mechanics

A.Math-405
Electrodynamics
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Electrostatics: The electrostatic field of force. Conductors, condensers
and dipole, system of conductors, Electrical images, Electrostatic energy.

36

2. Dielectrics: Electro potential & displacement Minimum energy of the field,
Uniqueness theorem, Polarization. Green's Reciprocal Theorem.
3. Capacitance and electric energy: Capacitance of a conductors. Capacitors
in series & parallel, Combination of capacitors, Electric energy in term
of Q.V.and C.
4. Steady electric current: Electromotance or e, m. f: field aspect, e, m.f:
network aspect. Resistance & conductors, general net work theorem and
Kirchhoffs law.
5. Magnetism: Fundamental of magnetostatics, Magnetic field poles and
strength volume vector and vector potential, Mutual and self inductance,
Force on a current, Faradays law.
6. Steady current in magnetic material: Equations of Magnetic field and
energy, Magnetic dipole, Electromagnetic induction. Amperes circuital
theorem, Biot Savart law.
7. Maxwells equations: Derivations, general solutions and deductions, Scalar and
vector potentials. Electromagnetic potentials, poynting theorem.
8. Electromagnetic waves: Wave equations for free space conditions, plane
electromagnetic wave in free space. Energy flow due to a plane
electromagnetic wave (pointing vector for free space) plane
electromagnetic waves in isotropic non-conducting media, Plane
electromagnetic wave in conducting media. Interaction of
Electromagnetic waves with matter, Boundary Conditions for the
electromagnetic field vectors (B, E, D, A) at the interface between two
media. Reflection and Refraction at the boundary of two non-conducting.
Media, Fresnels equation.

Suggested Books:
1. Coulson : Electricity
2. V.C.A. Ferraro : Electromagnetic Theory.
3. Gupta and Sharma : Mathematical Theory of Electricity
and Magnetism.
4. W.J .Duffin : Electricity & Magnetism.
5. S.L.Gupta, V.Kumar : Electrodynamics. And S. P. Singh
6. J .D. Jackson : Classical Electrodynamics






37

A. Math-406
Operations Research
1 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Basic Concepts: Introduction, The nature, Meaning, Scope and role of
operation Research. Main phases of operation Research. Study, Modeling
in operation Research, General methods for solving operation Research
Models. Decision making in operation Research.
2. Mathematical Programming: Concept and Basic elements of Linear
Programming (LP) Formulation of Linear Programming Problems.
3. Solution of Linear Programming Problems by Graphical Method,
simplex Method, Two phase method, Big-M method.
4. Solution of LPP by Dual simplex method
5. Duality in Linear Programming.
6. Sensitivity Analysis, Parametric Analysis. Transportation and
Assignment problems.
7. Integer Linear programming
8. Game Theory: Basic Concept of Game Theory, Two Persons and n-
persons Zero-Sum Game.

Suggested Books:
1. Berger J . O : Statistical Decision Theory
2. Charles, A : Decision Making under Uncertainty
Models
3. Gass, S. I. : Linear Programming.
4. Hudly, G : Linear Programming.
5. Lindly, D. V : Making Decision.
6. Gupta, D.K. and Mohan M. : Linear Programming and Theory of
Games.
7. Taha, H.A. : Operation Research: An Introduction.
8. Vajda S. : Game Theory.






A. Math-407

38

Astronomy
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Elements of Spherical trigonometry: Cosine, sine and cotangent
formulas.
2. Celestial sphere and celestial coordinates: Transformation of celestial
coordinates.
3. Refraction, Planetary motion.
4. Time, seasons.
5. Parallax, Aberration.
6. Precession and mutation.
7. Eclipses.
8. The Solar System.
Suggested Books:
1. Smart : Spherical Trigonometry
2. Godtrey : Spherical trigonometry.
3. J . M. Kar : Astronomy
4. Datta &
Choudhary
: Astronomy
5. Todhunter : Spherical trigonometry
6. Khan and Sikder : Astronomy

A. Math-408
Special Theory of Relativity
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

1. Experimental Background: Galilean transformation, Newtonian
Relativity, Electromagnetism, Michelson-Morely experiment, Lorentz-
Fitzgerald contraction and Ether-Drag hypothesis, Limitation of Galilean
transformation. Postulates of Special relativity theory.
2. Relativistic Kinematics: Basic concept, Lorentz transformation equations
and their consequences, Length contraction, Time dilation and
simultaneity. Relativistic addition of velocities, Aberation and Doppler
effect of relativity, Common sense of special relativity.
3. Relativistic Dynamics: Basic concept, Relativistic momentum,
Relativistic mass, Relativistic energy, Relativistic force law and the

39

dynamics of a single particle, Equivalence of mass and energy,
Transformation properties of momentum, energy, mass, and force.
4. Relativity and Electromagnetism: Interdependence of electric and
magnetic fields, Transformation of Electric & Magnetic fields, Field of a
uniformly moving point charge, Force and Fields near a current-carrying
wire, Forces between moving charges,
5. Four-Vector Formalism: Lorentz transformations in 4-vectors, Lorentz
and Poincar groups.
6. Spacetime Diagrams: Mikowski space, Simultaneity, Contraction, and
Dilation, Time order and space separation of events, Proper time,
velocity, acceleration, Twin paradox.
7. Principle of Least Action: the Lagrangian, Conservation laws. Maxwells
equations and electromagnetic waves, Maxwells equations in four-vector
formulation.
8. Action integral for the electromagnetic field and the field equations,
Noethers theorem, Energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic
field.
9.
Suggested Books:
1. R. Resnick : Introduction to Special Relativity
2. A. Qadir : Relativity: An Introduction to the Special Theory
3. U.E. Schrder : Special Relativity
4. F.N.H.
Robinson
: An Introduction to Special Relativity and it
applications
5. Tolman : Relativity, Thermodynamics and Cosmology
6. B. F. Schuttz : Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics.

A.Math-409
Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
Thermodynamics (group-A)
1. Basic concept: Thermodynamic system, State of a system, Thermal
equilibrium and concept of temperature, Scope of thermodynamics, Meaning
of partial derivatives, more relations between partial derivatives.
Equation of state: Intensive and intensive variables, Equation of state,
Equation of state of an ideal gas, other equation of state.

40

2. The first law of thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics Heat
depends on path, Work depend on path, Heat capacity, Specific heat
capacity, Difference in two specific heats, Isothermal and isobaric
process, Gas equation during an adiabatic process, Work done during an
isothermal process, Work done during an adiabatic process.
3. The 2
nd
law of thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible process, 2
nd

law of thermo dynamics, Efficiencies of reversible engines, Carrot cycle,
Carrots Engine and Refrigerator, Thermodynamic scale of temperature,
Absolute zero on work scale, Work scale and Ideal gas scale, The Clausius-
Clapeyron equation, clausius inequality.
4. Entropy, Mathematical expression for change of entropy, Change of
entropy between two states, Entropy changes in reversible and
irreversible process, Entropy of an ideal gas, Temperature entropy
diagrams, The Helmholtz function and Gibbs function, Adiabatic and
isothermal elasticities.
5. (a) Maxwells equations, Maxwells thermodynamics relations,
Thermodynamics functions. Deductions from the thermodynamics
relations, and functions. (b) Enthalpy: Enthalpy, J oule-Kelvin co-
efficient, 1st order phase transition, Second-order phase transition, The
Tds equations.

Statistical Mechanics (group-B)
6. Kinetic theory of an ideal gas:
Introduction, Basic assumptions, collisions with the walls, Equation of
state of an ideal gas, collisions with a moving wall, The clausius
equation of state, The Vander waals equation of state.
7. The Distribution of molecular velocities and transport Phenomena: The
distribution of molecular velocities, Evaluation of and , The error
function, The energy distribution function, The principle of equipartition
of energy, Classical theory of specific heat capacity, Specific heat
capacity of solid, Mean free path, The distribution of free paths,
Coefficient of viscosity, Thermal Conductivity, Diffusion.
8. The Maxwell- Boltzman statistics: Introduction Phase space,
Microstates and macrostates, Thermodynamic probability, Entropy and
probability. Quantum Statistical Mechanics: Difficulties with the
Maxwell Boltzmann statistics, The Bose-Einstein statistics, The Maxwell

41

Boltzman statistics, Statistics of a photon gas, The Fermi Dirac statistics,
Velocity, Speed and energy distribution functions.
Suggested Books:
1. F. W. Sears : Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
2. T. Hossain : Heat and Thermodynamics
3. Brijlal : Heat and Thermodynamics

A. Math-410
Biomathematics
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]
1. Continuous population models for single species: continuous Growth
Models. Delay Models and its linear Analysis, Periodic solutions,
harvesting a single Natural population.
2. Discrete population Model for a single species: Simple Models, Discrete
Logistic Models Discrete Delay Models, Fishery Management Models.
3. Continuous Models for interacting populations predator prey Models
(Lotka-Volterra systems) complexity and stability, Competition Models,
Mutualism or symbiosis.
3. Discrete Growth Models for Interaction populations Discrete Growth
Models for Interaction populations, Detailed Analysis of predator Prey
Models.
4. Biological waves (Singles Models) Fisher Equation and Propagation
wave solutions, asymptotic solutions and stability of wave not Diffusion
Reactions Diffusion Models and some Exact Equation.
5. Biological Waves: Multispecies Reaction Diffusion Models.
6. Population Interaction Diffusion Mechanisms Reaction Diffusion
Mechanisms, Linear stability Analysis and Evolution of spatial pattern.
Dispersion Relation, Turning space, Scale and Geometry Effects in
pattern Formation in Morphogenetic Models. Pattern Generation with
single spicing Models.
7. Epidemic Models and the dynamics of intentions Diseases.
Suggested Books:
1. J . D. Murry :Mathematical Biology.
2. J . N. Kapoor :Mathematical Biology.


A.Math-411

42

Honours Project
Full Marks-100
01 Unit Credit-4
[Five questions to be answered out of Eight]

Honours Project

Each student is required to work on a project and present a project report
for evaluation. Such projects should be extensions or applications of
materials included in different honours courses and may involve field
work and use of technology. There may be group projects or individual
projects.

Implementation and Evaluation of the Project

Implementation:
The Academic Committee shall appoint a project Implementation and
coordination Committee (PICC) before the session begins. The PICC
shall consist of a project Coordinator (PC) and such other members as
the Academic Committee considers appropriate.
The PC shall invite projects from the teachers before the class start. Each
teacher should submit three project proposal should include a short
description of the project. Such projects should be extension of
applications of materials included in different honors courses, and may
involve field work and use of technology.
There may group projects as well as individual projects. For group
projects, students will sign up with the PICC in groups of three. These
may not be changed later on without approval of the PICC.
The PICC shall assign each group a project. The members of each group
shall work independently on the assigned project under the supervision
of the concerned teacher.
The PICC shall monitor with the supervisors the progress of different
projects and arrange weakly discussions on projects and materials.

Completion

The project must be completed the before the termination of the classes.
Each student is required to prepare a separate report on the project. Each
report should be of around 40 pages typed on one side of A4 size white
paper preferable using word processors. Graphs and figures should be

43

clearly drawn preferably using computers. Reports of different students
working on the same group project should differ in some details and
illustrations.
The Academic Committee will fix a data for the submission of the
projects to the PICC. Each student must submit three typed copies of
her/his project report to the PICC on or before the date fixed for such
submission.
The PICC, on receiving the reports will arrange the presentation of by
individual students before the PICC, This presentation should take palace
soon after the completion of the written examination.
Any student who fails to submit the report on the due date or to present
the thesis on the fixed date will not get any credit for this course.

Evaluation

The distribution of marks for each project shall be as follows:
Project Report 60 marks.
Project Presentation 40 marks.
Each project report shall be examined by two examiners, one of whom
shall be project supervisor and the other appointed from amongst the
teachers of the department of the recommendation of the PICC. In case
the marks of the two examiners of a project report differ by more than
20% a third examiner for that report shall be appointed from amongst the
teachers of the department on the recommendation of the PICC. In such
cases the final marks shall be determined according to the usual
procedure.
Each student is required to present her/his work on the project before the
PICC who will evaluate the presentation.
The Academic Committee may prepare additional guidelines for
evaluation of the projects.
All marks on the projects shall be submitted to the Examination
Committee for tabulation with copies to the Controller of Examination.
The project reports shall be returned to the PICC for preservation.






44

A. Math-420
Practical (C++/FORTRAN)
01 Unit Full marks - 100 Credit - 4
Section A: Programming 60 marks

1.
Solution of Polynomial and transcendental equations and system of
Non-linear Equations.
2. Interpolation and Polynomial Approximation.
3. Matrices and solution of systems of linear equations.
4. Numerical Differentiation and Integration.
5. Numerical Solution of ordinary Differential and system of ordinary
differential equations.
6. Numerical solution of partial differential equations and Integral
equations.
7. Curve fitting.
Section - B: Practical Note Book 30 marks.
Section - C: Viva - Voce 10 marks