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November, 1994
Copyright Information
November, 1994
Table of Contents
ENVI-MAG
Table of Contents
Preface
Features ....................................................................... vii
Upgrades and options.................................................. viii
ENVIMAP software included ..........................................ix
How to use this manual .................................................ix
HELP-Line ......................................................................xi
The Instrument
Pre-defined operating modes ....................................A3-1
Console description ..................................................A3-3
Keypad description ...................................................A3-4
Display screens ........................................................A3-8
Operating displays ..................................................A3-12
ENVI-MAG Manual
Table of Contents
Data output
Output formats ........................................................A6-1
Basic mode ...............................................................A6-7
Advanced mode .........................................................A6-8
ii ENVI-MAG Manual
Table of Contents
Reference information
ENVI-MAG technical specifications...........................A8-1
Instrument parts list ...............................................A8-4
Warranty & Repair ...................................................A8-5
Survey planning
Introduction ..............................................................B2-1
Sampling intervals ....................................................B2-1
Precision and Accuracy of surveys ...........................B2-3
Grid layout and orientation .......................................B2-7
Table of Contents
ENVIMAP Reference
Limitations ...............................................................C3-2
Menuing system .......................................................C3-2
Menu Reference......................................................C3-10
iv ENVI-MAG Manual
ENVI-MAG
Preface
Preface
Preface
Congratulations on purchasing the ENVI-MAG environmental magnetometer/
gradiometer from SCINTREX Ltd! You are in possession of one of the most
advanced magnetometers for environmental, geotechnical, archaeological and
mineral exploration uses of today.
The ENVI-MAG is a portable, proton-precession magnetometer that also is
inexpensive, lightweight and rugged. In its trademarked WALKMAG mode, it is
ideal for applications where high production, fast reading and high sensitivity are
required. It is quite versatile and can be optionally configured as a total-field
magnetometer, a gradiometer or as a base-station.
Features
The main features of the ENVI-MAG include:
ENVI-MAG Manual v
Preface
vi ENVI-MAG Manual
The ENVIMAP software provided with your ENVI-MAG is an easy to use, userfriendly, menu-driven system. It will download your data from the ENVI-MAG and
produce report quality contour maps of your survey on a variety of printers. A
complete description of the software and its use can be found in the third section
of this manual.
Type styles
The following typeface conventions will be used throughout the manual. There
may be additional conventions used in the specific sections. These will be
described in the introduction for the section.
Convention
Use
Bold
Italic
Dot
Matrix
ALL CAPS
Preface
Preface
Symbols
The following symbols will be used to highlight
specific sections of text throughout the manual.
Symbol
Meaning
Indicates an item in a list/
grouping or a single-step
procedure
Indicates specific information
that you should read.
HELP-Line
The page numbering scheme used consists of three parts; the section label,
chapter number and page number. For example, A3-1 would refer to Section A
(the instrumentation section), Chapter 3, page 1.
For your convenience, each chapter in a section has a thumb-tab on the righthand side allowing you to quickly locate a chapter of interest. The thumb-tabs are
arranged in descending order within each section, with Chapter 1 always starting
at the top.
HELP-Line
In order to provide a high-degree and quality of technical support, a special
HELP-Line is available for ENVI-MAG users. If you need any help with the
instrument, applying the instrument to a particular problem or help with the
ENVIMAP software, please contact SCINTREX ENVI-support, Monday to Friday
from 0900 to 1600 (Eastern Standard Time) at the following numbers:
Telephone:
(905) 669-2280
Fax:
(905) 669-6403
(905) 669-5132
Telex:
06-964570
ENVI-MAG Manual ix
Preface
Page numbering
Preface
x ENVI-MAG Manual
ENVI-MAG
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
The ENVI-MAG
Instrument
ENVI-MAG Manual
A- i
Table of Contents
A -ii
ENVI-MAG Manual
Table of Contents
ENVI-MAG Manual
A -iii
Table of Contents
WALKMAG
Total-field/Gradiometer
(Automatic mode)............................................................. A5-5
Check your setup ............................................................ A5-6
Start survey ................................................................... A5-6
WALKGRAD gradiometer survey ....................................... A5-7
Manual mode
Total-field/Gradiometer
(Semi-automatic) ............................................................. A5-8
Check your setup ............................................................ A5-9
Start survey ................................................................... A5-9
Automating your measurements..................................... A5-10
Base-station operation ................................................. A5-11
Check your setup .......................................................... A5-11
Start operation............................................................. A5-12
Search mode................................................................... A5-13
Basic ........................................................................... A5-13
Advanced...................................................................... A5-13
Survey data correction procedures ............................. A5-15
Using base-station data ................................................ A5-15
Tie-point (TIE-PT) mode .................................................. A5-16
Loop typecollecting data....................................... A5-16
Line typecollecting data........................................ A5-17
Tie-point correction procedure ....................................... A5-19
Basic modes (Loop only) ........................................... A5-19
Advanced modes ..................................................... A5-19
Remote operation .......................................................... A5-20
A -iv
ENVI-MAG Manual
Table of Contents
ENVI-MAG Manual
A -v
Table of Contents
A -vi
ENVI-MAG Manual
Chapter
Introduction
ENVI-MAG
Introduction
This section is the reference for the ENVI-MAG instrument itself. You will find all
the information you need to know about setting-up the unit for field use, its operation, maintenance and trouble-shooting. It is divided into eight chapters with
the information flow from chapter to chapter following a natural progression, as
shown in the following table:
CHAPTER
Description
Introduction
Preparation
Description
Setting up
Operations
Data Output
Maintenance
Reference
Introduction
Cold boot
Note:
Please read the section First time operation on page A4-1 so that you
will know how to do a cold boot of the instrument. This is needed the first
time you use it, whenever you wish to change operating configurations,
or after the batteries have been removed for more than 10 minutes.
Instrument overview
The SCINTREX ENVI-MAG is an easy-to-use, light-weight, battery-powered, portable magnetometer. It is a total-field instrument using the proton-precession
technique to measure the local magnetic field. Optional upgrade kits allow the
instrument to be used as a gradiometer or as a base-station. The standard configuration has the sensor mounted in a back-pack mode permitting rapid data acquisition in the trademarked WALKMAG mode.
Measured data is stored in memory along with the coordinates where the measurement took place. In the advanced configuration modes, you can also enter
descriptive notes of up to 32 characters at any station. The data can be displayed
either numerically or graphically for quick inspection of the data quality and
spotting of anomalies. Data can also be recalled from memory for visual inspection, dumped to the serial port (RS-232) of a computer or directly to a printer. In
addition to this, the base-station data can be recorded on a strip-chart recorder.
You can also automatically correct your magnetic data for diurnal variations
when another ENVI-MAG is used as a base-station or when you conduct your
survey in the TIE mode.
To make the ENVI-MAG easy to use, there are preset configurations for site
characterization, drum location, archaeology, general search, ground water,
mineral, oil and gas exploration. These configurations fall into two categories:
basic (where you only need to set a few parameters) and advanced (where you
have complete control over all operating modes).
The operating modes of the ENVI-MAG can be manual, semi-automatic or fully
automatic. In the WALKMAG (walking magnetometer) mode, data are acquired
and recorded at rates of up to two readings per second, as you walk at a steady
pace along the survey line. At desired intervals, you trigger a station marker by
pressing a single button and the co-ordinates are automatically assigned to the
recorded data. You can even introduce delays in the automatic recording to
compensate for walking over rugged terrain.
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
2
Preparation
The following two photographs show all the components (less packing
materials) of the standard ENVI-MAG and the ENVI-MAG Gradiometer.
Preparation
Unpacking
The standard ENVI-MAG is shipped in a durable cardboard box that should be
retained for storage and shipping. There is an optional carrying/shipping case
available as SCINTREX P/N 140 161. The ENVI-MAG with its accessories is
packaged in die-cut layers (slabs) of foam. This provides a proper place for every
item when you repack your instrument for shipping or storage. These foam layers
are disassembled in the following order, starting at the top:
Layer
Description
Contains
ENVI-MAG Console
Back Plate with harness
Staff
Standard Battery (1 or 2)
Cables
Repacking
Layer
Contains
inch (12.5mm)
slab
8*
Repacking
Repacking should follow the above order in reverse, that is, start with layer 7
(or 8 depending on your options) and proceed upwards. Please make certain
that the batteries are removed and stored in the appropriate places on layer 4.
Failing to do so may result in damaged batteries and possibly a damaged console.
Warning: The batteries must be removed from the unit prior to shipping or storage.
FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT IN DAMAGE.
Assembly
In order to make the system as compact as possible for shipment and storage, and
considering the various sensor configurations available, the ENVI-MAG system
requires you to connect up the external components. This section will describe
the steps required to completely assemble your instrument.
Preparation
Description
Preparation
Caution: All parts near the sensor are non-magnetic. It is highly recommended
that you use only the brass screws and wire connectors supplied by
SCINTREX. There are additional screws for the terminals and cable
hold-down in the minor spare parts kit (SCINTREX P/N 788 030).
If you ever need to replace any of these parts under field conditions,
please ensure that they are made of non-magnetic materials.
Total-field sensor
1. Orient the sensor so that as you look at the bottom of the sensor
(the end with the terminals), the large square plug is at the 9 oclock
position.
2. Use either SCINTREX cable number 780 547 (the shorter one) for the back-
pack configuration or cable number 780 550 for the staff configuration.
3. Remove the cable hold-down plate by unscrewing the screws at the
1 oclock position.
6. Place the cable in the smaller slot just below the 3 oclock position.
7. Re-attach the cable hold-down plate.
Assembly
Base-station sensor
1. Orient the sensor so that as you look at the bottom of the sensor
(the end with the terminals), the large square plug is at the
9 oclock position.
3. Remove the cable hold-down plate by unscrewing the screws at the
1 oclock position.
6. Place the cable in the larger slot just above the 3 oclock position.
7. Re-attach the cable hold-down plate.
Preparation
Preparation
Gradiometer sensors
Lower sensor
1. Orient both the sensors so that as you look at the bottom of the
sensors (the end with the terminals), the large square plug is at the
9 oclock position.
2. Use SCINTREX cable number 788 028it has four conductors.
3. Select the lower sensorit has pairs of terminals at the 12 oclock
position.
7. Connect the green wire of the cable to the terminal at the 5 oclock
position. Please ensure that the already attached bare wire of the
smaller two-conductor cable remains attached.
8. Connect the white wire of the cable to the terminal at the 7 oclock
position. Please ensure that the already attached white wire of the
smaller two-conductor cable remains attached.
9. Place the smaller two-conductor cable into the smaller slot just below
3 oclock position.
11. Re-attach the cable hold-down plate.
Assembly
Upper sensor
12. Select the upper sensorit only has a pair terminals at the 12 oclock
Warning: Both sensors must have their directional marks aligned in the same
manner, i.e. the N on the top sensor must be in-line with the N on the
bottom sensor.
14. Remove the cable hold-down plate of the upper sensor by unscrewing
Preparation
lower sensor into the socket of the upper one while rotating slightly
counter-clockwise. When they are fully engaged, firmly twist them
clockwise against each other.
Preparation
To remove the cover, just reverse the above procedure. First remove the O-ring
and slide the cup away from the sensor.
Note:
The lower sections of the staff are interchangeable with those of the
SCINTREX MP-3/4 magnetometers. The section nearest to the sensor,
however, must be a section supplied with the ENVI-MAG. These sections
can be distinguished by their black ends.
Assembly
Back-pack installation
The back-pack mounting configuration is the most convenient, providing a
hands-free operation for the WALKMAG mode.
The following steps are required to properly assemble the unit for back-pack:
1. Select the back-plate and the carrying harnessboth are found in layer 2.
2. Select the foam cushion for the back-plateit is cut from part of layer 5.
3. Fit the four buckles at the back of the harness through the slots in the
Preparation
Preparation
Battery installation/exchange
The ENVI-MAG is shipped without the battery installed. This is the proper
procedure, while shipping and storing the instrument, to prevent deep discharge
of the battery. Deep discharge can possibly cause permanent damage to the
battery and will always shorten the battery life. This situation will occur because
a small current is being drawn even if the instrument is turned off.
The following steps outline the battery installation:
1. Turn the instrument face down on a clean and even surface.
2. Unscrew both knurled screws on either side of the battery cover and lift the
cover off.
3. Place the battery into the recess in the rear panel of the instrument.
4. Connect it carefully to the MAIN BATTERY connector. It is not important
which side of the plug is up, as long as the connector pins are properly
aligned.
5. Replace the cover and tighten both knurled screws.
6. If this is the first time installation proceed with battery charging.
The small size and low cost of the battery makes it convenient to carry an
additional battery along as a spare.
Warning: An internal battery keeps the memory and the internal clock alive for
about 10 minutes. It is strongly advised that the switching to the spare
battery be done quickly, TO PREVENT THE LOSS OF YOUR DATA!
You need not worry about a low battery causing data loss, since the memory
power requirements are much less than those needed to make a valid reading
of the magnetic field.
Assembly
battery, if it is required.
Battery Cable
Dummy Battery Cover
External Heavy Duty
Battery Pack
ENVI-MAG Console
(Face-down)
Figure A-8 External heavy duty battery connection
Preparation
Cold weather use and extended WALKMAG surveys may require more power
than the standard battery together with a spare can provide. To satisfy this
additional requirement, the External Heavy Duty Battery Pack (SCINTREX
part number 788 026) is available. It provides about three times as much
power as the standard battery. This battery pack can be carried by the strap
or attached to a belt.
Preparation
1. AC-power
If a source of AC-power is available, the instrument can be run while the
charger is connected to it. You will also be charging the standard
internal battery, if it is installed, at the same time.
Note:
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
The Instrument
This chapter is about the instrument itself and fully describes:
Instrument
Basic mode
Search mode
operates in a continuous reading mode, but the data is not stored in memory
you can see a graphical display of the data as it is collected
Advanced mode
used for ground water, mineral, oil and gas exploration or detailed site
characterization, drum location, archaeology, etc.
allows you to adjust all possible parameters of the ENVI-MAG
Instrument
1
3
2
3
10
11
Figure A-9 The ENVI-MAG console.
Console description
Console description
Item
Description
Keypad
Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD)
Carrying Strap
Attachment
Sensor
Connectors
Data Output
Connector
Charger/
External
Power
Connector
Charging Light
Battery
Compartment
Desiccant
Cartridge
10
Battery
11
Fuse
Instrument
Instrument
Keypad description
The keypad has 19 keys. Two of the most used keys are duplicated on the right
and left sides of the console for easy access. Some keys have up to three separate
functions assigned to them. The response of these multi-function keys depends
upon the operation in progress.
Note:
The function mode of the keys has precedence over the alpha-numeric
mode of the keys
Keypad description
Key Functions
Key
q
w
1
23
2 identical keys:
e
0
Instrument
Description
Instrument
Key
Description
2 identical keys:
9
r
8
=1-9, ., A-Z
BEEPER
PORT
Keypad description
Key
q1
+
q5
+
Description
Pressing the ON and AUX/LCD keys simultaneously
performs the COLD BOOT operation, resetting the
instrument to factory defaults.
Pressing the ON and SETUP keys simultaneously allows
you to select between Basic, Search or Advanced modes.
* These items/key functions are only operational when you select the advanced operating modes
(options 5 to 7) from the initial configuration menu.
Instrument
ENVI-MAG Manual A3-7
Instrument
Display screens
The ENVI-MAG currently has seven preset configurations. Depending upon which
of the configurations you choose to survey with, you may not see all of the various
types of displays:
configuration selection menus
help screens
confirmation screens
parameter selection screens
note entry screens
numeric data displays
graphical data displays
pop-up options and confirmations
General information
Most of the screens consist of three bands of information as shown below:
Title Line
Specific
Display
Info.
1-Site Characterization
2-Drum Location
3-Archaeology
4-Search Magnetometer
Prompts
1. The Title Line at the top indicates the current operating functions.
2. The middle six lines contain specific display information consisting of
Display screens
The instrument automatically turns off (blank display) to conserve battery power, if there is no reading or key stroke detected for one minute.
Cursor
23
Display blocks
Separator
Block
Cursor
of:
measurement
START
MAG:
ST:sss.s d
Prompt
Block
locations
mmmm
SEP:pppp.p
Figure A-12 Instrument display showing information blocks (sub-panels)
To move the cursor from one block to another, press the NEXT key.
Some measured data is displayed on more than one page (display screen).
Switching between pages is also done by pressing the NEXT key. The
display screens are designed so that these multi-page displays do not have
separate sub-blocks. All of this is discussed in detail under Advanced mode
data displays on page A3-30.
Instrument
Some displays are divided into two or more blocks or sub-panels. The blocks
are separated by solid partition lines as shown in the following figure.
Instrument
Pop-up windows
Some displays will have pop-up windows (either on the right or left side of
the main display) that will contain:
locations
MODE:t-fldDUR: 0.5s
TUNE FIELD:
60000
AUTO TUNE:
yes
TM/DT:
OUTPUT:-> OUTPUTING DATA...
BASE:
TIE:
ERASE MEMORY:
Chg?:ENT.
000 help:INFO
BATT:134
Pop-up
Windows
locations
TIME:
DATE:
13:40:35
94/10/02
Main Menu:
Chg?:ENT.
ESC
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
0.
+
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
Display screens
Help screens
On-line help is also available. There are three screens of information
providing a quick reference on how to do most operations and which
buttons to push. The screens are as follows:
=-
more +-
HOT/MENU
SETUP:
NOTE:
RECALL:
INFO:
AUX:
000 V2.1
more +-
000 V2.1
more +-
7
=0
The help screens are displayed when you press the INFO button. Whenever
you see the text help:INFO in the bottom prompt line of a display, you can
activate the help screens.
To toggle to the another help screen, press the + or - key. The screens
change in a cyclical manner as shown in the above figure.
To return to the main operating menu, press the ESC key.
ENVI-MAG Manual A3-11
Instrument
=-
000 V2.1
Instrument
Operating displays
The various display screens will be discussed in groups according to the
configuration modesbasic, search or advanced.
The basic mode of operation is in effect when you select either of these
configuration options after pressing the SETUP+ON keys simultaneously:
1. Site Characterization
2. Drum Location
3. Archaeology
The following is the general layout of the Main operating display in the basic
mode:
Parameter block
Title Line
Display
Specific
Info.
Prompts
Location block
locations
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
Battery strength
Figure A-15 General display layout
+
0.
Operating displays
The following table describes all the parameters in the two blocks of the
main menu:
Parameter
Description
MODE
DUR
TUNE
FIELD
AUTO
TUNE
Instrument
Instrument
Parameter
Description
AUTO
TUNE
(contd)
TM/DT
This option allows you to set the time and date of your
ENVI-MAG.
You must press the ENTER key.
A pop-up window will be displayed showing the current
values of TIME and DATE in your instrument. Use the
arrow keys to move the blinking cursor to the field you
wish to change. Press ENTER again and enter the
value from the keypad. Finish the entry by pressing
ENTER one more time.
To get back to the main menu, press the ESC key.
NOTE: If you will be using a base-station to correct the
data, you must ensure that the date and time of both
units are the same BEFORE you start collecting data.
OUTPUT
Operating displays
Parameter
Description
BASE
ERASE
MEMORY
ST
Instrument
TIE
Instrument
Parameter
Description
SEP
LN
Chg?:+_
ENTER
help:INFO
BATT
Operating displays
00
TOTAL
59875.2
59623.7
59590.3
59581.4
Reading
Previous readings
-* MAG *NOISE
GRADIENT
1.5
110.2
0.9
62.9
0.8
15.1
1.9
2.3
Magnetic value
Noise
Survey parameters
Free memory
13:45:30
LN:
50 E
ST:
98 N
97 N
96 N
95 N
MEMF: 88%
BATT: 134
Battery strength
If you stop/pause your survey (at the end of a line, for example), you
caneither review the data quality or see a graphical display of the data.
1. You can push the NUM/GRA key to display a profile of up to the last 178
data points collected along the line (LN). The display appears as follows:
-*MAG*TOTAL
mmmmm.m
LN:
llll.ld
ST:
ssss.sd
Figure A-17 Graphical display of a survey line.
2. You can press the NEXT key to pop-up the graphical display of the
precession decay signal of the last reading. Very sharp, rapid decays
indicate possible poor signal conditions. The display appears as follows:
Instrument
Instrument
00
TOTAL
59875.2
59623.7
59590.3
59581.4
-* MAG *-
13:45:30
LN:
50E
ST:
98N
97N
96N
95N
MEMF:
88%
BATT:
134
Chg?:+-
000 help:INFO
BATT:134
Operating displays
Parameter
MODE
DUR
Description
The mode is fixed to search. The text srch. is
displayed as a reminder only.
The measurement duration.
You have a choice of 0.5, 1 or 2 seconds. The selection
depends upon the accuracy you want and the speed at
which you will collect data.
The longest duration gives the highest precision, but you
will have to survey at a slower pace.
The value of the Earth's ambient magnetic field in the
survey area.
For best performance the tuning field should match the
ambient field as closely as possible, at least to within
+/- 1000 nT.
A map showing the approximate field intensity on the
Earth's surface can be found in Section B: Applications,
Figure B1-4: on page B-4. The values shown can be used
as a staring point, and applied equally to the Total-field
sensor or the Gradiometer sensor.
AUTO
TUNE
Instrument
TUNE
FIELD
Instrument
Parameter
Description
TM/DT
This option allows you to set the time and date of your
ENVI-MAG.
You must press the ENTER key.
A pop-up window will be displayed showing the current
values of TIME and DATE in your instrument. Use the
arrow keys to move the blinking cursor to the field you
wish to change. Press ENTER again and enter the value
from the keypad. Finish the entry by pressing ENTER
one more time.
To get back to the main menu, press the ESC key.
NOTE: This is optional, since no data are recorded in the
search mode.
Chg?+_
ENTER
help:INFO
BATT:
Operating displays
00
TOTAL
59875.2
59623.7
59590.3
59581.4
Reading
Previous readings
-* MAG *NOISE
GRADIENT
1.5
110.2
0.9
62.9
0.8
15.1
1.9
2.3
Magnetic value
Battery strength
You can push the NUM/GRA key to display a profile of up to the last 178
data points collected at any time in the Search mode. The display appears as
follows:
-*MAG*TOTAL
mmmmm.m
LN:
xxx.x E
ST:
xxx.x N
Figure A-21 Graphical display during Search mode.
wt
If you stop the survey, you can press the NEXT key to pop-up the graphical
display of the precession decay signal of the last reading. Very sharp, rapid
decays indicate possible poor signal conditions. Please see Figure A-18 on
page A3-18 for an example of the signal quality display.
Note:
The values that you see for the line and station in the numeric display are
the last ones entered in a previous mode. The search mode does not use
these for any purpose, so please ignore them.
Instrument
Free memory
Noise
13:45:30
LN:xxx.x E
ST:xxx.x N
xxx.x N
xxx.x N
xxx.x N
MEMF: 88%
BATT: 134
Instrument
mmmm
Measure:START
of: locations
ST:
SEP:
sss.s d
pppp.p
LN:
SEP:
00000 ALL keys
llll.l d
pppp.p
BATT:bbb
MAG
Description
ST
Operating displays
Parameter
Description
SEP
This display enables you to configure the basic data acquisition portion of
the ENVI-MAG. This display is accessible with the SETUP key.
instrument setup
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
ddd
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
Figure A-23 ENVI-MAG instrument setup display.
Instrument
LN
Instrument
Parameter
Description
MAG
SETUP
AUTO
ST.INC.
no
yes
LINK
REC/
START
CYCLE
REPEAT
Default
no
Link Record/Start
This setting should be left at
magnetometer only operation.
no
no
for
no
CYCLE
DELAY
ERASE
MEMORY
no
HEATER
no
Operating displays
This display provides access to the parameters affecting the operation of the
magnetometer portion of the ENVI. This display is accessible from either the
Instrument setup display, or from the Main operating display (by using the
short-cut, i.e. pressing the ENTER key).
Description
Default
MODE:
tfld
DURATION
0.5
Instrument
mag setup
MODE:
mmm
CYCLE TIME:
ttt
DURATION:
ddd
CHART SCALE:
sss
TUNE FIELD: fffff
AUTO TUNE:
yn
BASE CORRECT: yn
BASE FIELD: bbbbb
TIE CORRECT:
yn
TIE-MODE:
lll
REMOTE:
yn
AUTO RECORD:
yn
Chg?:+BAT:bbb
Instrument
Parameter
Description
Default
TUNE
FIELD
BASE
CORRECT
no
TIE
CORRECT
no
Operating displays
Parameter
Description
Default
REMOTE
no
CYCLE
TIME
Instrument
CHART
SCALE
Instrument
Parameter
Description
Default
AUTO
TUNE
No
BASEFIELD
Operating displays
Parameter
TIE MODE
Description
Default
Line
AUTO
RECORD
A yes/no toggle.
no
This function is used in the semi-automatic mode to save you from having to
press another key.
Instrument
Instrument
After STOP
key & before
ESCAPE key*
While reading
Base-station
Page 1
yes
yes
yes
Page 2
yes
no
no
*You will have to use the RECALL function, if you have pushed the
ESCAPE key.
TOTAL
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
Last reading
Previous readings
-*MAG*NOISE
q.qq
q.qq
q.qq
q.qq
GRADIENT
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
Free memory
Battery strength
Figure A-25 Page 1 of the numeric data display.
hh:mm:ss
LN:llllld
ST:sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
MEMF: nn%
BATT: bbb
Operating displays
Precession
Signal Strength
TOTAL
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
-*MAG*-
hh:mm:ss
LN:llllld
ST:sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
MEMF: nn%
BATT: bbb
GRADIENT
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
Average Signal
Strength
Description
TOTAL
NOISE
GRADIENT
TIME
LN
ST
MEMF
Instrument
Display Item
Instrument
While reading
Base-station
Page 1
yes**
no
yes
Page 2
yes**
no
yes
You will have to use the RECALL function, if you have pushed the
ESCAPE key.
-*MAG*GRADIENT
ggg.g
LN:
llll.ld
ST:
ssss.sd
Figure A-27 Graphic data display of page 2.
Display Item
Description
GRADIENT
LN
Operating displays
Display Item
ST
Description
The station number, at the cursor position, to which the
respective magnetic data applies (consisting of the numeric and directional parts).
Recall displays
The RECALL function is useful to view the collected and stored data.
START
MAG:
recall of:
t-fld
grad.
locations
base
LN:llll.l d
ST:ssss.s d
TM:hh:mm:ss
DT:yy:mm:dd
Recall: START
BATT: bbb
Description
MAG
LN
ST
TM
Instrument
This display allows you to select the type, location or time and date of the
data. This display is accessed by pressing the RECALL key.
Instrument
Display Item
Description
DT
Note:
Not only the Time and Date, but the Line and Station numbers must also
be correct to successfully recall Base Station data.
These displays are accessible with the START key when in the Recall Setup
display
.
-*MAG*TOTAL
mmmmm.m
LN:
llll.ld
ST:
ssss.sd
Figure A-29 The recall data display.
Operating displays
Description
TOTAL
LN
ST
-*MAG*TOTAL
mmmmm.m
LN:
llll.ld
ST:
ssss.sd
SCL:
10
Figure A-30 The Recall display ready for customizing
Instrument
Display Item
Instrument
.
Display Item
Description
Shown after the "ENTER" key is pressed.
SCL
Pressing the 0 key, adjusts the display such that the point at the cursor
position becomes the center value of the graph.
Operating displays
Auxiliary display
3
auxiliary functions
LCD Intensity
Data Output
Factory Test #
0
Lock
OFF
Reprogram System
Instrument
(+- ESC)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Select function
Key pressed
Action under
auxiliary functions
=-0
Instrument
locations
BY LN: yn
: all data recorded LN:llll.l d
MAG:
t-fld grad.
base
BAUD:bbbbb
DL: tttBIT:b
FMT:xxxxx
Output: START
BATT: bbb
START
output of:
Parameter
Description
: all
data
recorded
MAG
BY LN
Default
no
Operating displays
Parameter
LN
Description
Default
BAUD
9600
Instrument
DL
BIT
FMT
Instrument
Description
XYZ is the simplest format, suitable for
software packages such as ENVI-MAP
.
It contains no heading or comments.
The individual data items are separated by a
single space character.
XYZ
XYZ+
XYZ++
PRN
NOTES
Operating displays
Notes display
The notes display is useful for the entry of comments, which are stored with the
data at the particular Line and Station number.
Macros (pre-recorded messages) provide a quick entry for repetitive notes which
can be entered while measuring. This display is accessible with the NOTE key.
NOTES: #nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
MACROS:
1: ccccccccccccccc 2: ccccccccccccccc
3: ccccccccccccccc 4: ccccccccccccccc
5: ccccccccccccccc
BATT:bbb
Parameter
NOTES
MACROS
1:
...
5:
Description
Alpha-numeric characters, including "+","." and "-",
up to 32 characters
A note can be saved as one of five macros in a
separate memory for re-use.
MACROS are pre-recorded messages of up to 15
characters. These are used to speed up note entry.
It is most advantageous to enter frequently encountered items, such as road, fence, and so on.
Instrument
Chg?:ENT.
Instrument
Information display
7
This display screen is used for the entry of ancillary information. You can also see
how much free memory is available. This screen is accessed from the main
display by pressing the INFO key.
Chg?:ENT.
help:INFO
MEMF:ppp%
BATT: bbb
Description
Vx.x
TIME
DATE
SER.#
No use is made of this number by the instrument, therefore it also could represent the users inventory number.
Up to 8 digits are accepted.
JOB #
OPERATOR
MEMF
Operating displays
Warning: The TIME and DATE must match between the base-station and the
portable magnetometer(s) for the base-station style of correction to
work properly.
Instrument
ENVI-MAG Manual A3-43
Instrument
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
Setup
Setup
Cold Boot
To perform a cold boot, proceed as follows:
q
1q
1. Press the ON/OFF key repeatedly and listen carefully to the beeper. Stop
pressing the key after the display goes blank, or after the unit stops beeping.
This is to ensure that the ENVI-MAG is truly in the OFF state.
2. Press and hold the AUX/LCD key. Then press the ON key. Release both
parameters / data
will
be
erased
3. Press the 9/YZ key containing Y for yes to confirm the cold boot
operation.
4. You are now ready to set-up your ENVI-MAG for surveying.
Note:
Configuration menu
The ENVI-MAG has seven pre-defined configurations in three modes to choose
from. See Pre-defined operating modes on page A3-1 To change your
configuration at any time:
5q
WELCOME
Basic modes
Search mode
TO
ENVI
APPLICATIONS
1-Site Characterization
2-Drum Location
3-Archaeology
4-Search Magnetometer
Please Select Your Application #:
MENU
more +-
=WELCOME
ENVI
APPLICATIONS
MENU
more +-
=-
1to 7
3. Select the appropriate configuration for the type of survey you wish to
Setup
Advanced modes
TO
Setup
Basic mode
(Config. 13)
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
Chg?:+-
Search mode
(Config. 4)
+
0.
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
Chg?:+-
000 help:INFO
locations
MAG:
mmmm
Measure:START
of: locations
ST:
SEP:
sss.s d
pppp.p
LN:
SEP:
00000 ALL keys
llll.l d
pppp.p
BATT:bbb
BATT:134
How to:
How to:
Access the main operating display
q 0
or
The main operating display can be called up by simply pressing the ON key or
by pressing the ESCAPE key one or more times.
Some display screens have sub-panels or blocks that are separated by a vertical
and/or horizontal line. These represent different logical sub-groups of information. To move the cursor into another block, you will have to press the NEXT key.
23
There are two types of parametersthose that are selected from a list and those
that you must fill-in a value. The proper method for changing a particular item is
indicated by the prompt at the left-hand, bottom corner of the display.
Changing the parameters requires you to either:
=-
select from a list when the prompt is Chg?+-, by pressing either the
+ or - keys. Please see also Select! on page A4-6.
or
fill in the parameter fields via the keypad when the prompt is
Chg?ENT, by first pressing the ENTER key. You will then need to
follow the procedures as described for Enter! on page A4-6.
Setup
Change parameters
Setup
Select!
When the prompt Chg?:+- appears in the bottom left corner of the
display, you have a pre-defined list of values to choose from. You will be
required to make a selection as follows:
=-
Enter!
When the prompt Chg?:ENT. appears in the bottom left corner, the
parameter field requires you to enter a specific value. To enter values, you
will be required to do the following:
Step
1
PRESS
Action
This opens the field for data entry as indicated by
a new prompt (>) at the start of the field.
Key in the desired value.
If the field requires a numeric input, just press
the appropriate keys in sequence.
1
2
to
In considering the co-ordinate system shorthand you will be using for a survey
grid, you need to know that the units of measure are not important, as no
calculations are made with respect to distance. Consequently, you can use single
digits to represent values that may actually be in hundreds. Please also refer to
Laying out the grid on page B3-1 for more details on survey grids.
Cursor
This side of display varies depending
upon the configuration selected.
locations
ST:
sss.s d
SEP:
pppp.p
LN: llll.l d
SEP:
pppp.p
BATT:bbb
1. Press the NEXT key to move the cursor to the right hand block/sub-
Setup
To show you the steps required to set the line station values, the following
example will:
set the Line Number (LN) to Line 16 East (sometimes marked as
16+00E) with a Line separation (SEP) of 2,
set the Station Number (ST) to 50 North (sometimes marked as
50+00N), with a Station separation (SEP) of minus 10. The minus
indicates that the walking direction is to the south.
From either main operating display, proceed as follows:
Setup
3. Enter! 50.
50
3
5
3
-10
7. Enter! -10. Note: The - causes the station number to decrement. This
indicates that you will be travelling south and that stations are spaced
10 units apart).
3
16
3
2
9. Enter! 16
10. Move the cursor one step forward.
11. Enter! e (for east)
13. Enter! 2 (This indicates that you will be surveying successive lines 2
units apart and you will be moving in a easterly direction.)
To set your required starting point and separations, just substitute your specific values
in the previous steps. Also, keep in mind that entering negative values for the
separation parameters causes the respective line or station values to decrement.
Basic Mode
BASIC MODE
The basic mode consists of configurations 1 to 3:
1. Site Characterization
2. Drum Location
3. Archaeology
Chg?:+-
3
-=
3
-=
3
locations
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
+
0.
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
FIELD
Setup
Setup
6. Enter! 60000 (or whatever value is appropriate for your survey area;
3
-=
3
e
TUNE
8. Select! yes
9. Move the cursor to TM/DT
10. Press the ENTER key and window for the date and time values will
locations
TIME:
DATE:
13:40:35
94/10/02
Main Menu:
Chg?:ENT.
ESC
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
+
0.
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
11. Enter! the time and date (using the steps 2 to 13 on page A4-23).
Warning: If you are using a base-station, please make sure that the time and date
are the same as your field unit. If the time is out, the corrections will be
incorrectly applied. If the date is wrong, no corrections can be
performed at all.
12. Enter your survey grid values as described inLine and Station setup
on page A4-7
You are now ready to start surveying.
Search Mode
SEARCH MODE
The search mode is obtained (after a pressing the SETUP and ON keys
simultaneously) by selecting configuration 4-Search Magnetometer
from the ENVI Applications menu.
This mode does not store any data (that you can dump) in memory, but you can
see a graphical representation of up to the last 178 readings. This mode is useful
for rapid reconnaissance or location of magnetic objects in small areas where no
permanent record of the data is required.
There are only two parameters that need to be set for this mode the duration
of the reading and the tuning (ambient) field value.
3
-=
3
000 help:INFO
BATT:134
FIELD
4. Enter! 60000 (or whatever value is appropriate for your survey area;
3
-=
TUNE
6. Select! yes
Setup
Chg?:+-
Setup
ADVANCED MODE
The ENVI-MAG setup in the advanced mode, initializes parameters which are
common to all three of the exploration (ground water, mineral, and oil & gas)
configurations installed. This mode gives you total control over all the parameters
of the ENVI-MAG. You can also use this mode to run the types of surveys defined
in the Basic mode, with the additional benefit of more features being available.
Several examples will be given to show you how to setup:
the instrument operating details (how long and how often a reading is taken)
a total-field WALKMAG and/or WALKGRAD survey
a gradiometer Stop-and-Go survey
a base-station operation
note entry
other auxiliary functions
Instrument setup
The following setup prepares the instrument for a total-field or gradient survey in
the WALKMAG or WALKGRAD modes respectively. This mode uses the cycle repeat feature of the measurement. A cycle delay can also be entered, so that the
repetition rate is adjusted while walking uphill or downhill.
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
yn
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
Advanced Mode
3
-=
3
-=
3
-=
250
station value to change only when you reach a station not with every
reading!)
REC/START:
5. Select! no
REPEAT:
DELAY:
9. Enter! 250 (This value is in milliseconds, and pauses the reading cycling
by 250 ms. This is useful when you are traversing uneven ground where your
speed may vary)
-=
0
MEMORY:
12. Select! no (unless you are doing a winter survey and the ambient
Setup
Setup
1. Press the SETUP key and the INSTRUMENT SETUP display appears:
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
yn
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
2. Carry out steps 2 through 9 (as shown on page A4-13) for setting up the
SETUP
.
mag setup
MODE:
mmm
CYCLE TIME:
ttt
DURATION:
ddd
CHART SCALE:
sss
TUNE FIELD: fffff
AUTO TUNE:
yn
BASE CORRECT: yn
BASE FIELD: bbbbb
TIE CORRECT:
yn
TIE-MODE:
lll
REMOTE:
yn
AUTO RECORD:
yn
Chg?:+BAT:bbb
A4-14 ENVI-MAG Manual
Advanced Mode
sec, 1 sec, 2
sec.
FIELD:
10. Enter! the ambient magnetic field value of your survey area.
14. Select! no
16. Enter!
Setup
CORRECT:
CORRECT:
TIME:
Setup
20. Select! yes (This assumes that you will encounter large variations in the
SCALE:
10, 100, 1000, 10000.
TUNE:
FIELD:
22. Enter! the ambient magnetic field value, if known, of your survey area.You
can also take a reading and enter the first value with good signal.
25. Select! no
RECORD:
Advanced Mode
Sample stop-and-go
gradiometer setup
The following steps prepare the ENVI-MAG for a:
gradient survey
in the Stop-and-Go mode,
with a 2 second reading period,
and fixed tuning in the fully manual mode.
1. Press the SETUP key and the INSTRUMENT SETUP display appears.
2. Follow the instructions for the Instrument setup, as shown on page A4-12,
4. Select! NO
6. Enter! 0
8. Press ENTER.
REPEAT:
DELAY:
SETUP:
Setup
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
yn
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
Setup
mag setup
MODE:
mmm
CYCLE TIME:
ttt
DURATION:
ddd
CHART SCALE:
sss
TUNE FIELD: fffff
AUTO TUNE:
yn
BASE CORRECT: yn
BASE FIELD: bbbbb
TIE CORRECT:
yn
TIE-MODE:
lll
REMOTE:
yn
AUTO RECORD:
yn
Chg?:+BAT:bbb
t-fld grad.
base.
FIELD:
14. Enter! the ambient magnetic field value of the survey area. Please refer to
18. Select! no
CORRECT:
CORRECT:
TIME:
Advanced Mode
0
3
20. Enter! 0
21. Move the cursor to CHART
SCALE:
24. Select! no
TUNE:
BASE FIELD:
26. Enter! the ambient magnetic field value of the survey area, if known.
29. Select! no
RECORD:
Setup
Setup
magnetic base-station,
with a 2 second reading period,
and fixed tuning.
1. Press the SETUP key and the INSTRUMENT SETUP display appears.
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
yn
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
2. Follow the instructions for the Instrument setup, as shown on page A4-12,
4. Select! no
6. Enter!
8. Press ENTER.
REPEAT:
DELAY:
0
SETUP:
Advanced Mode
The MAG SETUP display appears:
mag setup
MODE:
mmm
CYCLE TIME:
ttt
DURATION:
ddd
CHART SCALE:
sss
TUNE FIELD: fffff
AUTO TUNE:
yn
BASE CORRECT: yn
BASE FIELD: bbbbb
TIE CORRECT:
yn
TIE-MODE:
lll
REMOTE:
yn
AUTO RECORD:
yn
Chg?:+BAT:bbb
12. Select! 2 sec from the following list: 0.5 sec, 1 sec, 2 sec.
FIELD:
14. Enter! the ambient magnetic field value of the survey area. Please refer to
18. Select! no
20. Enter! 0
Setup
CORRECT:
CORRECT:
CYCLE TIME:
SCALE:
Setup
24. Select! no
TUNE:
FIELD:
26. Enter! for now your ambient magnetic field value, if known.
29. Select! no
RECORD:
Advanced Mode
Information display
The steps described below are used to set:
the date,
time,
job number,
serial number,
operator identification.
Chg?:ENT.
Setup
MEMF:ppp%
BATT:bbb
Setup
#:
17. Enter! a job number or other unique identifier for the survey.
alphanumerics.
Advanced Mode
Note entry
This section describes the steps needed to:
Identical keystrokes are also used to enter the operators name in the
previous paragraph.
Notes or macros may contain all letters and numbers as well as +,.,-. Entry
procedures are similar to the Enter! procedure for entering numbers only, as
discussed in previous sections. The Number keys now offer also three letters,
which can be accessed by subsequent keystrokes such as: 1 A B C 1...
The CLEAR key allows deletion of erroneous entries, whereas the NEXT key
allows spaces between words. New macros can be entered by simply over-writing
the previous ones.
The following steps enter the macro fence 1 as Note 1. Other macros would be
entered similarly, except that they would be saved with Note 2, Note 3 etc.
From the Main operating display proceed as follows:
1. Press NOTE and the Note display appears.
NOTES: #nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
MACROS:
1:ccccccccccccccc
3:ccccccccccccccc
5:ccccccccccccccc
2: ccccccccccccccc
4: ccccccccccccccc
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
Setup
Setup
4. Press the NEXT key. If the following character is on a different key, there is
tt
9. Press ENTER.
61
10. Press the NOTE key, followed by the 1 key. You should now see
Advanced Mode
1. Press the AUX/LCD key, and the Auxiliary Function display appears.
auxiliary functions
(+- ESC)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Select function
LCD Intensity
Data Output
Factory Test #
Lock
OFF
Reprogram System
2. Press the + or - key to adjust the intensity of the display to your satisfaction.
00
Setup
=-
Setup
Parameter lock
The ENVI-MAG instrument setup and mag setup parameters can
be locked to prevent accidental change. To do so, proceed as follows.
auxiliary functions
(+- ESC)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Select function
LCD Intensity
Data Output
Factory Test #
Lock
OFF
Reprogram System
.
is toggled to OFF
Advanced Mode
Reprogramming the
operating system
The flash EPROMs (erasable, programmable read only memory) of the
ENVI-MAG can be updated from your computer using the software supplied by
SCINTREX.
At the computer
1. Note the name of the upgrade program (usually DASPROM.SYS)
flashcomL.
4. Depending upon the type of display your PC has, enter one of:
5. You will then be asked to enter the name of the download program
from step 1, i.e. DASPROM.SYS or what ever was on the disk.
6. The PC will display: WAITING.... At this point it is waiting for the
ENVI-MAG console to come on line.
At the ENVI-MAG
Warning: Make sure you have dumped all of your data, otherwise it will be erased.
Setup
Setup
auxiliary functions
(+- ESC)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Select function
LCD Intensity
Data Output
Factory Test #
Lock
OFF
Reprogram System
2. Make sure the baud rate under Data Output is set at 9600.
WARNING
Advanced Mode
Note:
Setup
ENVI-MAG Manual A4-31
Setup
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
The quality of your measurements are greatly affected by the sensor orientation, magnetic gradients and any other source of noise near the sensor. Accurate, meaningful
measurements can only be made by observing some simple guidelines as discussed
in the following sections.
Operation
Operation
Orientation
Optimum performance can be achieved with proton magnetometers when the
axis of the sensor coils (not the sensor itself) are aligned perpendicular with the
Earths magnetic field. Proper orientation is of utmost importance at the
magnetic equator, where the field is horizontal. In polar regions, the field is
vertical and orientation is not as critical.
The sensors have orientation marks. Care should be taken when assembling the
gradiometer sensor to align both sensors with each other, such that the whole
assembly can be oriented in both the vertical and horizontal modes.
If the sensor is properly oriented, the sensor coil axis points east-west. This also
occurs if the sensor is mis-oriented by 180 degrees; that is the N mark points to the
south etc. This means, that a properly oriented sensor, when mounted fixed onto
the Back Plate, is suitable for surveying while walking up or down a survey line.
Effects of gradient
Many small items carried by the operator in addition to the magnetometer may
be magnetic and therefore upset, locally, the magnetic field to be measured.
Such items are notebooks, pencils, cigarette lighters, eye-glasses, dentures etc.,
just to mention a few.
The higher the magnetic gradient is at the sensor, the poorer the proton
precession magnetometers operate, since the precession signal decays more
rapidly. With an abrupt signal decay at very high gradients, measurements are
impossible to obtain. Also, the closer a sensor is to a highly magnetic object, the
higher the gradient the higher the gradient that will be present at the sensor.
Display page 2 of the Numeric Data display (page A3-31) shows a bar graph
indicating the decay and the average signal amplitude. It is good practice to get
familiar with this feature as it is a useful tool in diagnosing difficulties.
TOTAL
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
mmmmm.m
-*MAG*-
GRADIENT
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
ggggg.g
hh:mm:ss
LN:llllld
ST:sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
sssssd
MEMF: nn%
BATT: bbb
On the staff
Detectability of anomalies depends on its magnetic moment, the size and the
distance from the sensor. The stop-and-go mode of operation, with the sensor on
top of four staff sections, is usually used for large low intensity anomalies.
Small anomalies are easiest detected using the search mode, with the staff held
upside down, with the sensor near the ground.
Note:
Base-station
The base-station sensor is supported by the staff and secured with the aid of three
cords and tent pegs, as shown in Figure A-37 ("Typical base-station sensor setup")
on page A5-4. In some situations, it may be more convenient to lash the sensor to
a tree. You can also use the standard total-field sensor (Figure A-3 on page A2-4)
instead of the base-station sensor (Figure A-4 on page A2-5) to operate in the
base-station mode, depending upon your particular circumstances.
Note:
Operation
Operation
WALKMAG
Total-field/Gradiometer
(Automatic mode)
The following sets of instructions will lead you step by step through the first three
survey lines of an imaginary total-field survey looking for buried drums. This
should give you a better understanding of what you will be required to do when
doing your ENVI-MAG survey.
It is assumed that the lines are marked and pegged intervals of 10 units.
The most suitable configuration for such a survey is with the sensor
mounted (and properly oriented) onto the back plate.
Ensure that the sensor orientation is such that when you are walking along
the survey line, the N mark on the sensor is facing magnetic North.
Operation
Operation
Start survey
3. Proceed to your first location.
4. Press the START key.
5. Proceed immediately with your desired pace toward the West.
6. Press the NEXT key when the sensor passes the first station peg. If you
trigger the station marker at the time that you yourself pass the station,
rather than the sensor, you will likely introduce a herring-bone pattern into
the survey data. Observe how the Station Number decrements.
7. Repeat the previous step at each peg.
8. At Station 50 W, Press STOP right after you have pressed NEXT.
9. You can now inspect your data graphically (before you press ESCAPE) by
pressing the NUM/GRAPH key. This will show you up to the last 178
readings on the line.
10. Press the ESCAPE key.
11. Move the cursor to ST:
SEP:
24. Press the + (plus) key. The Line number increments to 20.
25. Proceed to Line 20 N, Station 50 E.
26. Press START, and proceed walking to the West again etc. The beep
Operation
Operation
Manual mode
Total-field/Gradiometer
(Semi-automatic)
These instructions lead you step by step through the first three survey lines of an
imaginary gradiometer survey in the advanced mode. A fully manual procedure
is explained first, followed by some suggestions on how to make it semi-automatic.
It is assumed that:
Press the ON and SETUP keys simultaneously to get the configuration menu.
Select configuration 6-Mineral Exploration. This is described
fully in Configuration menu on page A4-3.
the:
CYCLE REPEAT: as no
CYCLE DELAY: as 0
page A4-17.
4. Enter a Note as shown under Note entry on page A4-25.
Start survey
5. Proceed to your first location.
6. Hold the sensor steady and Press the START key to take a reading.
7. Inspect the data.
8. Re-adjust the TUNE
the 1 key to enter the note fence 1. You may also enter your Macro or
any unique note after the measurement, but before you Press the
RECORD key.
17. After completing 50 W, proceed to 50 W on Line 18 N.
ENVI-MAG Manual A5-9
Operation
Operation
SEP:
SEP:
Caution: Please note that repeat measurements will alter the Station Number and
possibly disrupt the correlation between location and data.
ST.INC.:
2. Select! YES
3. In the mag
4. Select! YES
Base-station operation
Base-station operation
Base-station operation is a simple matter of setting up the equipment and getting
it operational. A single base-station can be used with a multiple of mobile
(portable, airborne) instruments. The base-station sensor should have the same
location for multi-day projects.
A chart recorder may be used for a continuous analog output, though the on-line
graphics capability may make this unnecessary. See Data Output Connector on
page A3-3 for more information on this.
The base-station operation uses the standard base-station sensor with the 50m
cable. However, the total-field sensor can also be used for convenience. You will
be asked whether you are using a long (50m base-station) or short (total-field)
cable.
Important: It is of UTMOST IMPORTANCE that DATE and TIME coincide on all
instruments to successfully correct the mobile data.
Proper correction also requires a base field value, which has to be entered into
ALL magnetometers before the base-station correction takes place. This usually
is one of the first readings of the base-station taken on the first day of an
extended survey. This value MUST NOT be changed while in the same area.
After all the equipment has been set up and connected, proceed as described in
steps 1 - 3 to set up the instrument (or at least to verify proper settings as shown
in the Sample base-station setup on page A4-20). You may have to cold boot
your ENVI-MAG and select one of the advanced configurations (5 to 7).
1. Set up Line and Station Number to the actual location of the base-station.
CYCLE REPEAT: as no
CYCLE DELAY: as 0
Operation
Operation
Start operation
4. Press the START key, read the console message and act accordingly.
5. Press the START key again. You will see prompts for the cable length you
are using.
6. Press either the 2 key for the (LONG) standard 50m base-station cable or
setup
BASE FIELD:
*11. Enter! the Base Field into all mobile units.
*12. Press the ESCAPE key and resume the measurement.
13. Press the NUM/GRAPH key to show the graph.
14. Press the + or - key to change the sensitivity of the graph. The new full-
scale value is shown briefly on the message line at the bottom of the display.
You can also press the 0 (zero) key to center the graph vertically.
*Optional steps
Note:
Data scrolled off the screen may be inspected with the RECALL feature.
This however requires interruption of data acquisition. A change in the
graph sensitivity does not affect the recorder sensitivity.
Search mode
Search mode
The search mode is useful for small areas where simple targets can be located
immediately, without data plotting and interpretation. Examples are paved-over
utility covers or valves etc. Due to the possibly small physical size of the target it
is necessary to use the highest sampling rate and slow sweep rate. The total-field
sensor or the base-station sensor can be used. You will need to specify which one
you are using.
Basic
Press the ON and SETUP keys simultaneously to get the configuration menu.
Select configuration 4-Search Magnetometer: This is described under
Configuration menu on page A4-3. You then can follow the setup as described
under Search Mode on page A4-11. You only need to enter two values before you
start:
Advanced
This procedure gives you the same results as using the basic mode described
above. Press the SETUP and ON keys simultaneously to get the configuration
menu. Select one of the advanced configurations (5-7). This is described under
Configuration menu on page A4-3.
1. Line and Station number, as well as, separation are not needed or used.
2. Do the Instrument setup on page A4-12 as shown, except set:
CYCLE REPEAT: to no
CYCLE DELAY: to 0
Operation
Proceed as shown in the following steps to change the four setup parameters,
and to verify other setups as shown in the Instrument setup on page A4-12.
Operation
TUNE:
5. Select! NO.
6. Press the ESCAPE key.
7. Press the START key. You will see prompts asking for the cable length you
are using.
8. Press either the 2 key for the (LONG) standard 50m base-station cable or
You can also press the 0 (zero) key to center the graph vertically.
Caution: The base-station correction physically modifies the data of the mobile
units, but does not alter the base-stations data. Please make certain
that the Base Field value in the field unit is correct before proceeding.
Base Station
ENVI-MAG
Operation
Null Modem
(part no. 210 154)
Operation
CORRECT.:
4. Select! YES.
5. You will now see a warning message on the right side of the display
of the field unit indicating that the raw data in the field ENVI-MAG will
not be preserved.
6. Press the START key on both. Either one can be started first.
7. You will be asked to confirm the start of the data correction by pressing
Operation
Operation
Note:
If you need more than one day to complete your survey in the Line-type
mode, please make sure that you collect all your Tie-points as the first
data that you store in memory, i.e. before you survey any lines. This
ensures that they will not be erased when clearing memory to make
room for the next days data.
Advanced modes
1. Call up the mag setup display.
2. Move the cursor to TIE CORRECT:
3. Select! YES
4. You will now see a warning message on the right side of the display
indicating that the data will be altered.
5. Press the START key.
6. You will now be asked to confirm the correction operation by pressing
either the Y or N keys.
7. When finished, Press the ESCAPE key.
Operation
ENVI-MAG Manual A5-19
Operation
Remote operation
Remote Operation allows you to control the start of a measurement from a
remote computer. It also controls the output of the data output stream, on the
data output connector, while measuring in other modes.
To enable the remote control of your ENVI-MAG:
1. Connect the ENVI-MAG to the serial port of the controlling computer using
the reading interval is longer than 1 minute to prevent the automatic power
down sequence.
9. Receive the data after the end of each reading in the following sequence:
The unit still recognizes the START key while in REMOTE, which may be
useful during installation.
Remote operation also controls the data output of a free standing magnetometer.
The above data stream is output at the end of each reading, if REMOTE is
enabled. The BAUD rate should be set to 1200 baud or higher, so the cycling
operation is not slowed down. If remote control is not required, REMOTE
should be disabled to conserve power.
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
Data output
There are many different types of computers and printers on the market.
Consequently, only general instructions on how to dump the data will be given.
The ENVIMAP software supplied with this instrument has a communications
feature, and its operation is discussed in Section C of this manual. Other
communications programs are also suitable to retrieve the data from the
ENVI-MAG. Please contact SCINTREX if you are interested in a specialized highspeed downloading program.
The RS-232 cable, SCINTREX P/N 745 081, is the link between the ENVI-MAG data
output connector and the serial port of the computer or printer.
Note:
The null modem (SCINTREX P/N 210 154), as used for the base-station
correction, must not be used here.
Output formats
In the advanced mode (configurations 5 to 7),the data can be dumped in several
different formats. These formats are discussed here with sample data shown for
each. The data is normally fully left justified but are shifted here (for typographical reasons) somewhat to the right. The maximum line length is 80 characters.
Output
ENVI-MAG Manual A6-1
Output
XYZ
The XYZ format is the recommended format to be used in conjunction with the
ENVI-MAP processing program.
The XYZ format does not have a header section nor does it contain NOTES.
A short sample of the format follows:
-1.54
-1.94
-2.77
-2.78
-4.17
-5.49
Output formats
XYZ+
The XYZ+ format has a header section and contains user entered Notes, but
it is otherwise identical to XYZ.
Header
Data
Note
Data
Output
ENVI-MAG Manual A6-3
Output
XYZ++
Note:
This is the default format for the basic mode (configurations 1-3),
however, you will not. have any Notes entries in this mode
The XYZ++ format also has a header section and user entered Notes. The
distinguishing feature is that the data is placed into columns. The ENVIMAP
software is specially configured to read this format.
Output formats
PRN
The PRN format is compatible with software written for the Scintrex MP-3/4
magnetometer.
Output
ENVI-MAG Manual A6-5
Output
NOTES
The NOTES output format just retrieves your manually entered NOTES and
macros. In the output, it shows them with their respective line and station values.
For example, from the data in the PRN file on the previous page you would see
the following:
Basic mode
BASIC MODE
When using configurations 1-3, the output procedure is quite simple, as the serial
communications parameters are fixed at 9600 baud, 8 bits, 1 stop bit and no
parity, while the data format is set as XYZ++ (see page A6-4 for details).
1. Connect the ENVI-MAG to the serial port of your computer, using the RS-232
data.
From the Main operating display of the ENVI-MAG:
3. Move the cursor to the OUTPUT: field.
4. Press the ENTER key and you will see the following status window:.
MODE:t-fld DUR:0.5s
TUNE FIELD:
60000
AUTO TUNE:
yes
TM/DT:
OUTPUT:->
BASE:
TIE:
ERASE MEMORY:
Chg?:ENT.
locations
9600
8,1,n
000 help:INFO
BATT:134
5. Press the START key to upload your data to the computer. You will see a
locations
MODE: t-fld DUR:0.5s
TUNE FIELD:
60000
AUTO TUNE:
yes
TM/DT:
OUTPUT:-> OUTPUTING DATA...
BASE:
TIE:
ERASE MEMORY:
000 help:INFO
BATT:134
Output
Chg?:ENT.
Output
ADVANCED MODE
The data output and its setup functions are all accessible from the
START output of: display. Please refer to Data output display
on page A3-38 for detailed explanations of all the parameters.
1. Connect the ENVI-MAG to the serial port of your computer, using
program.
Output setup
From the Main operating display of the ENVI-MAG:
3. Press the AUX/LCD key,
auxiliary functions
(+- ESC)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Select function
LCD Intensity
Data Output
Factory Test #
0
Lock
OFF
Reprogram System
locations
BY LN: yn
: all data recorded LN:llll.l d
MAG:
t-fld grad.
base
BAUD:bbbbb
DL: tttBIT:b
FMT:xxxxx
Output: START
BATT: bbb
START
output of:
Advanced mode
Note:
The baud rate on the ENVI-MAG must match the baud rate on the output
device for successful communication.
Caution: If some characters are lost during the dump, (an occurrence in
particular to some printers), it may be necessary to set the delay DL:
to a value between 0 and 999. The actual value has to be established
experimentally. BIT: may need to be changed to 7 to get the proper
character font.
Output
ENVI-MAG Manual A6-9
Output
Dumping data
Data can be dumped in three different ways:
All data
At the START output of: display proceed as shown:
locations
BY LN: yn
: all data recorded LN:llll.l d
MAG:
t-fld grad.
base
BAUD:bbbbb
DL: tttBIT:b
FMT:xxxxx
Output: START
BATT: bbb
START
output of:
1. Press the NEXT key until the cursor rests within the left sub-page.
2. Move the cursor to: all
data recorded
Advanced mode
Specific data
At the START output of: display proceed as shown:
locations
BY LN: yn
: all data recorded LN:llll.l d
MAG:
t-fld grad.
base
BAUD:bbbbb
DL: tttBIT:b
FMT:xxxxx
Output:START
BATT: bbb
START
output of:
1. Press the NEXT key until the cursor rests within the left sub-page.
2. Move the cursor to one of the three data types at the MAG: field:
Output
ENVI-MAG Manual A6-11
Output
Line by line
At the START output of: display proceed as shown:
locations
BY LN: yn
: all data recorded LN:llll.l d
MAG:
t-fld grad.
base
BAUD:bbbbb
DL: tttBIT:b
FMT:xxxxx
Output: START
BATT: bbb
START
output
of:
1. Press the NEXT key until the cursor rests within the top right sub-page,
LINE:
Advanced mode
Basic mode
From the Main operating display:
1. Move the cursor to
ERASE MEMORY:
locations
MODE:t-fld DUR:0.5s
TUNE FIELD:
60000
AUTO TUNE:
yes
TM/DT:
OUTPUT:
BASE:
TIE:
ERASE MEMORY:
Chg?:+-
ST:
SEP:
0.
LN:
SEP:
000 help:INFO
+
0.
0.
+
0.
BATT:134
MODE:t-fld DUR:0.5s
TUNE FIELD:
60000
AUTO TUNE:
yes
!
TM/DT:
OUTPUT:->
BASE:
TIE:
ERASE MEMORY:
Chg?:ENT.
locations
! !
Memory erase
CONFIRM :
000 help:INFO
(Y/N)
BATT:134
from memory by pressing the Y key. You will then see the Block memory
free increment on the prompt line as it is cleared.
Output
3. You will be asked to confirm that you actually want to erase all the data
Output
Advanced mode
From the Main operating display:
1. Press the SETUP key.
instrument setup
instrument setup
MAG SETUP: ->menu
AUTO ST.INC.:
yn
LINK REC/START: yn
CYCLE REPEAT:
yn
CYCLE DELAY:
yn
ERASE MEMORY:
yn
HEATER:
yn
Chg?:ENT.
BATT:bbb
2. Move the cursor to ERASE
MEMORY:.
3. Select! YES
4. You will now see a prompt on the bottom line:
1:DATA
This will only clear the current days data and leave any
TIE-PT data in the memory for the next days use.
2:TIE+DATA
This will clear all of the data, including the TIE-PT data.
5. You will be asked to confirm that you actually want to erase all the data
from memory by pressing the Y key. You will then see the Block
memory free increment on the prompt line as it is cleared.
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
7
Maintenance
Warning: The small current drain just mentioned above, is the reason why the
battery MUST BE DISCONNECTED FOR SHIPMENT AND STORAGE. Batteries
also self discharge slowly, therefore, they must be recharged
periodically, e.g. every 3 months, even when in storage. Finally, batteries
should also be stored at room temperature, or as close to it as possible.
Up to two batteries can be charged at the same time. If high capacity batteries are
charged, such as those used in the External Heavy Duty Battery Pack, it is
important that the charging begin right after work and continue over night.
Maintenance
One battery
1. Connect the charger to the power outlet. Adjustment for different line
will be On while charging at a high rate and turn Off when the battery is
nearly charged.
Battery charging
Two batteries
1. Place the console, face down, onto a flat smooth surface.
2. Unscrew the knurled screws on each side of the battery cover and lift off the
cover.
side of the plug may be on top.
4. Connect the charger to the power outlet. Adjustments for different line
will be On while charging at a high rate and turn Off when the battery is
nearly charged.
Desiccant
Cartridge
Fuse
Figure A - 44
Maintenance
3. Connect the spare battery to the AUX. CHARGER OUTPUT connector. Either
Maintenance
Periodic maintenance
Cleaning the sensors
There is only minimal periodic maintenance required: the cleaning of the sensors.
Due to their proximity to the sensor coils, magnetic dust particles on the sensor housing may upset the magnetic field. This would result in erroneous absolute values.
Therefore, it is good practice to wash the sensor(s) periodically with soap and water.
Desiccant exchange
Small amounts of moisture may possibly enter the ENVI-MAG console, even
though it is fully sealed. A cartridge filled with a drying agent (desiccant) is
located under the battery cover, refer to Figure A - 44 on page A7-3 for the exact
location. The desiccant should be dried out periodically as required. A spare
cartridge is supplied as part of the Minor Spare Parts Kit.
To dry out the cartridge:
1. Place the console, face down, onto a flat smooth surface.
2. Unscrew the screws at both sides of the battery cover.
3. Lift off the cover.
4. Pull out the cylindrical plug while gently turning.
5. Place the cartridge in front of a heat source for about one hour. A hair drier
Fuse replacement
Fuse replacement
There is one fuse located inside the battery cover and another one is under the
metal cover of the External Heavy Duty Battery Pack.
The fuse in the External Battery Pack (Scintrex P/N 512 049) is a standard 5 A
automotive fuse.
Maintenance
Two fuses holders are provided under the battery cover of the ENVI-MAG, as
shown in Figure A - 44 on page A7-3. One is for a 1.5 A quick, standard North
American fuse (Scintrex P/N 512 018). The other fuse holder is for a 5 x 20mm
European fuse.
Maintenance
Instrument disassembly/assembly
Warning: Disassembly of the console is strongly discouraged due to its complexity,
but should disassembly of the console be required proceed as follows:
bottom left hand side of the display module are placed side by side and
that all other wiring is placed such as not to get pinched.
15. Repeat steps 1 to 12 in reverse order to assemble the console again.
16. If available, apply a small amount of oil or grease to the O-rings.
17. Tighten up the screws with a medium-sized slotted screwdriver.
Do not overtighten.
Cable repair
Cable repair
Cable
Wire Color
Connector Pin
Total Field
(780 547 & 780 550)
Shield/Bare
White
Shield/Bare
Green
Red
White
Black
Shield/Bare
White
Black
Red
Outside
Black
Center
Gradiometer
(788 028)
Base Station
(780 546)
External Power
(788 029)
Maintenance
Maintenance
Trouble shooting
Problems
Possible Causes
Possible Solutions
Install battery
Battery discharged
Charge battery
Fuse blown
Disconnect sensor.
Check and replace fuse
in the battery
compartment or in the
External battery pack
depending on which one
you are using.
Low battery
Charge battery.
Display is invisible
1. If no data is in the
instrument, perform
a cold boot.
2. Adjust LCD intensity
using AUX/LCD
button to access
option.
3. Turn on the heater if
below minus 15 C.
Trouble shooting
Possible Causes
Possible Solutions
No sensor(s) attached
Tuning is incorrect
Sensor cable is
improperly connected
Connect properly.
Improper sensor
orientation
High gradient
1. Monitor the
Numeric Page 2
display bar chart.
2. Readings may be
impossible to make
in this situation.
External interference
(e.g. power line)
Readings may be
impossible.
Contact SCINTREX.
Maintenance
Problems
Maintenance
Problems
Possible Causes
Possible Solutions
RS-232 cable
not connected
Connect cable.
Computer not
communicating
No such data in
instrument
No matching line
number
Base-station correction
does not work
No matching date or
time
Correction must be
made externally on a
computer.
No respective line
or station (or time,
if base-station).
ENVI-MAG
Chapter
Reference information
ENVI-MAG technical specifications
Reference
20,000 to100,000 nT
+/-1 nT
Sensitivity:
Sensor spacing:
(Gradiometer)
0.5 metre
Tuning:
Reading period:
0.5
1
2
Cycle time:
(Base Station)
sec
sec
sec
Cycle delay:
Display:
Reference
Keyboard:
Note Entry:
Audio:
Clock:
Mode
Standard
Expanded
Base Station:
748,000 rdgs.
Portable mode
26,000 rdgs.
139,000 rdgs.
Gradiom. mode
Data memory:
143,000 rdgs.
20,000 rdgs.
WALKMAG (Tot.)
36,000 rdgs.
188,000 rdgs.*
WALKGRAD
(Grad.)
26,000 rdgs.
135,000 rdgs.
Data presentation:
Data output
interface:
Data Recall:
Power supply:
Battery charger:
Environmental
Range:
40 to 60 degree C.
Humidity 0 -100%
Fully sealed. Easy to exchange desiccant
cartridge.
Console dimensions:
250 mm x 152 mm x 55 mm
300 mm x 152 mm x 82 mm overall.
Console weight:
2.45 kg
Sensor dimensions:
70 mm diameter x 140 mm
70 mm diameter x 175 mm overall, total field.
70 mm diameter x 675 mm overall, gradiometer.
Sensor weight:
Staff dimensions:
Staff weight:
25 mm diameter x 2 m in 4 sections.
0.8kg
Reference
Analog Output:
Reference
SCINTREX
Part Number
788 011
788 012
Total-Field Sensor
788 020
Gradiometer Sensor
788 021
780 538
788 079
Carrying Harness
788 023
Back Plate
788 024
788 040
788 025
788 026
788 030
788 031
Recorder Cable
788 027
788 028
788 029
780 547
780 550
780 546
RS-232 Cable
745 081
Null Modem
210 154
Charger
400 139
Battery 2.3 Ah
400 078
Battery 7.2 Ah
400 080
Fuse 1.5A
512 018
Fuse 5 A
512 049
140 161
788 033
Repair
When to ship the unit
Please do not ship your instrument for repair until you have communicated
the nature of the problem to our Customer Service Department by telephone, facsimile or correspondence. Our Customer Service Department
may suggest certain simple tests or steps for you to do which may solve your
problem without the time and expense incurred in shipping the instrument
back to SCINTREX for repair. If the problem cannot be resolved remotely, our
personnel will request that you then send the instrument to our plant for the
necessary repairs.
Reference
To validate the warranty, the warranty card supplied with the instrument must be
returned to SCINTREX within 30 days of shipment from our plant.
Reference
Shipping instructions
No instrument will be accepted for repair unless it is shipped prepaid. After repair,
it will be returned collect, unless other arrangements have been made with
SCINTREX. Please mention the instruments serial number in all communications
regarding equipment leased or purchased from SCINTREX.
Warning: Please do not ship the instrument with the batteries installed.
FURTHER DAMAGE MAY RESULT!
U.S.A.
Instruments for repair in the United States should be shipped to:
SCINTREX
85 River Rock Drive, Unit 202
Buffalo, NY 14207
Canada
Instruments within Canada should be shipped to:
SCINTREX Limited
222 Snidercroft Road
Concord, ON L4K 1B5
Outside Canada/U.S.A.
Instruments shipped for repair from outside Canada and the U.S.A. should be
addressed to SCINTREX and shipped to:
SCINTREX
c/o Blaiklock Inc.
Lester B Pearson (Toronto) International Airport
Toronto AMF, CANADA
Reference
Reference
Applications
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Applications for
the ENVI-MAG
Magnetic surveying overview ........................................ B1-1
Introduction ...................................................................... B1-1
Basic magnetic theory .................................................... B1-1
What is being measured? ................................................. B1-1
Anomalies....................................................................... B1-3
Shape ...................................................................... B1-5
Amplitude ................................................................. B1-6
Variations in the Earths magnetic field ............................. B1-7
Diurnal variation ........................................................ B1-7
Micro-pulsations ....................................................... B1-8
Magnetic storms ...................................................... B1-9
Removing magnetic variations .................................. B1-10
Magnetic targets........................................................... B1-11
Induced and Remanent magnetism .................................. B1-12
ENVI-MAG Manual B- i
Applications
B-ii
ENVI-MAG Manual
Chapter
Overview
Applications
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 1
Applications
Note:
With the ENVI-MAG, you can measure not only the total-field intensity, but also
the vertical gradient (or rate of change) of the total field (if you have purchased
the gradiometer option). The vertical gradient, as previously mentioned, is the
rate of change of the total field with vertical distance. This measurement is
accomplished by simultaneously reading the total magnetic field at two
different elevations, and recording the difference. The usefulness of both these
parameters will be explained in the next Chapter.
B1 - 2 ENVI-MAG Manual
Overview
Figure B-2 The Earth's magnetic field interacting with a magnetizable body.
Anomalies
Intensity
Anomaly
Noise Envelope
Distance
Applications
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 5
Overview
Shape
Applications
Figure B-6 Typical dipole and monopole signatures (after Breiner, 1973).
Amplitude
As you have just seen, the shape of the anomaly is determined by the
geometry of the causative body with respect to the direction of the Earths
magnetic field. The amplitude, on the other hand, is controlled by a
combination of the susceptibility, permanent magnetization and the
distance from the body that you are observing the response. The more
magnetizable the object is the stronger and narrower the peak on the profile
will be. The deeper the object, the weaker and broader the peak on the
profile will be. This is illustrated in the following figure (Figure B-7).
B1 - 6 ENVI-MAG Manual
Overview
The variation with depth of the amplitude of the local disturbance vector is
a function of the distance between the sensor and the target. This variation
with depth is called the fall-off rate. The intensity of the local disturbance
varies from one model to another.
Diurnal variation
Fluctuations with a period lasting about one day are called diurnal
variations. These can be considered much like tides that ebb and flow during
the course of a day. However, they are not predictive and are usually not a
problem when conducting magnetic surveys. This diurnal drift can cause a
variation of the order of 50 nT/Hour. The following figure (Figure B-8)
illustrates a typical diurnal variation of the total field.
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 7
Applications
Micro-pulsations
Erratic, short-term blips or spikes in the magnetic field are called micropulsations. These can range in intensity from a few through to tens or even
hundreds of nanoTeslas in intensity, as can be seen in the next figure
(Figure B-9). These can present a problem when you are surveying in that
they may appear similar to anomalies caused by buried objects.
B1 - 8 ENVI-MAG Manual
You can obtain magnetic activity forecasts (much like weather forecasts)
from several agencies worldwide, through an international network of
centres called the IUWDS, (International Ursigrams and World Days
Services). There exist ten regional warning centres (RWCs) that provide
geomagnetic activity information to the scientific and user communities
within their own region. Please note that not all of these centres provide the
same services and forecasts. However, all of them have access to all
information provided by the other centres.
The following table gives a list of contact telephone, facsimile and telex
numbers for each of these regions. In Canada, geomagnetic forecasts are
available through the Geophysics Division of the Geological Survey of
Canada, while in the United States this information is available from NOAA.
This information will greatly help you in planning your magnetometer survey.
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 9
Overview
Magnetic storms
Applications
Telephone
Fax
Telex
Boulder, USA
Ottawa, Canada
Sydney, Australia
Tokyo, Japan
Paris, France
Delhi, India
Moscow, Russia
Warsaw, Poland
Beijing, China
B1 - 10 ENVI-MAG Manual
Magnetic targets
Magnetic targets
What do drums, pipelines and sheet metal look like magnetically? Westphalen
and Rice (1992) have shown that a single 55 (U.S.) gallon steel drum buried at a
depth of 3 metres (10 feet) will give rise to an anomaly of 10 nT. Also, Benson et
al., 1982 have calculated that the total field response in nT for different target
distance and mass. This is show in the form of a chart presented in (Figure B-11).
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 11
Overview
3. Perform a vertical gradient survey. Since you are measuring the rate of
change between two sensors, any changes in the background field will
apply to both sensors and you will not see any of these noise effects.
This technique is quite effective for near-surface anomalies. Though
only one instrument is required, you will need to have the gradiometer
options installed on it. Further, you will need to staff-mount the sensors
while doing this type of survey in the continuous WALKMAG mode
depending upon the site, this may not be as convenient as the backpack mounted total-field WALKMAG survey mode.
Applications
Figure B-11
The above information should give you a feel for the amplitude of the anomaly
to expect in typical environmental applications. But it can be slightly misleading.
These values are for the magnetic intensity that is induced in the material by the
Earths magnetic field. Unfortunately all man-made metallic objects carry with
them a magnetic memory of their orientation when they were created.
Unfortunately, this can lead to complications.
B1 - 12 ENVI-MAG Manual
Magnetic targets
Another example is shown in (Figure B-13). This simplifies the previous example
by keeping the orientation of the traverse line and the depth of the body constant,
i.e. the measuring geometry. The only parameter that is varying is the direction of
the permanent magnetization.
ENVI-MAG Manual B1 - 13
Overview
Applications
In case a), the projection is in the same direction as the undisturbed total field,
resulting in a positive anomaly. In case b), the direction is opposite to the undisturbed total field, resulting in a negative anomaly. In case c), however, the direction happens to be perpendicular to the undisturbed total field, resulting in no
anomaly at all.
Case c) is the most interesting because even though an anomaly exists, it cannot
be measured. You may want to keep this in mind when carrying out a magnetometer survey for buried drums, pipelines or metal sheets.
These are only simplified examples. Some situations, for instance a collection of
drums, each having its own orientation and intensity for the local disturbance
vector, will possibly exhibit a very complex anomaly vector. When this is added
to the Earths magnetic field and then measured only as the scalar amplitude, the
results may not be exactly as expected.
B1 - 14 ENVI-MAG Manual
Applications
Chapter
2
Planning
Survey planning
Introduction
There are very specific criteria that need to be considered when carrying out a
magnetometer or gradiometer survey for environmental applications:
the estimated depth at which the targets are and their nature (buried drums,
steel pipes or sheet metal),
the precision and accuracy required of the surveys,
the orientation of the target, i.e. is it elongated? This needs to be considered for
objects having a linear surface expression, such as pipes and sheets of metal.
Sampling intervals
Objects disposed of and/or buried by man are usually not at great depths;
within the first ten metres of the surface. The anomalies created by such buried
drums, pipelines or sheets of metal can produce relatively intense and narrow
anomaly profiles. However, as mentioned in the previous chapter (page B1-7),
the deeper the target, the broader the anomaly will be. Further, the anomaly will
become less intense when the magnetized body is at greater depths. Larger
targets will have broader anomalies and more intensely magnetized bodies
will have larger amplitudes.
These relationships of body size, depth and magnetization all have a direct
consequence on the station and line spacing, i.e. the density of the survey grid.
For instance, if an anomalous peak is only 2 metres in width or length and data
points are taken only every five metres in a square grid pattern, there is a very
good chance that the peak will be missed altogether!
ENVI-MAG Manual B2 - 1
Applications
Noise
The most commonly encountered sources of noise in the data are the time-based
(diurnal) variations we had discussed in Variations in the Earths magnetic field
on page B1-7. These are natural variations and can be removed using either basestation corrections, tie-line corrections or by measuring the vertical gradient of
the magnetic field. The procedures to carry out these correction methods will be
discussed in the next chapter.
Of the man-made sources of noise, or cultural noise, the most prevalent are
electromagnetic and electrical fields. These sources, if strong enough, can
seriously hamper any magnetometer survey. Therefore, surveying directly under
power lines, since they will disturb the magnetic field you are trying to measure,
can be problematic. Other sources of cultural noise in typical waste dumps are
the many buried ferrous objects near the surface. Some of these objects, such as
tin cans, bed springs, appliances, etc., can introduce unwanted magnetic spikes
in the overall results.
As previously mentioned, you may want to remove the natural time-based
variations from your data. You may choose to perform these corrections in the tieline mode or base-station mode or perform a gradiometer survey. However, each
of these methods has a cost associated with it. The tie-line method is less accurate
than the base-station, especially if a long period of time has elapsed between tiepoints. The base-station method, on the other hand, requires the use of two
magnetometers and this may not be a feasible alternative in certain cases. The
gradiometer approach is intermediate in cost, as only one unit is required, but
you are compromising your ability to detect deep and subtle anomalies, since
you are only measuring the rate of change of the field.
Planning
Once you have determined the line and station spacing, you should also take into
consideration the sources of noise (both natural or man-made), as well as the
best tuning method. Once you have made a decision regarding the accuracy and
precision of the data you require, then you can consider the method of surveying
best suited to give those results.
Applications
Tuning
Sensor tuning is used to maximize the precession signal while minimizing the
effects of interfering electrical signals, such as power line harmonic frequencies
at 50 and 60 Hz.
The automatic sensor tuning function will free you from having to pay close
attention to the tuning details. However, this may lead to some potential trouble.
In areas where there are very large local anomalies with strong gradients or
electrical interference, the ENVI-MAG may lock onto those signals.
Automatic tuning is quite useful for mineral exploration surveys. This is primarily
due to the fact that these surveys are usually away from major electrical noise
sources and encounter large variations (in excess of 1000 nT) of the magnetic
field over large distances.
Fixed tuning is recommended where small field variations are encountered or
where there is a greater possibility of strong electrical interference.
Fixed tuning is also recommended for base-station applications or for
exploration surveys where there are only low-intensity variations in the magnetic
responses. Environmental surveys are also prime candidates for fixed tuning
since they are usually conducted in areas of large cultural noise electrical or
large magnetic gradients (due to the close proximity of the magnetic sources).
Survey mode
Once you have determined the degree to which you need noise removed from
the data, you will need to select the appropriate survey mode.
WALKMAG
The most commonly used mode of operation in environmental applications
is the WALKMAG mode. With the ENVI-MAG, the operator can take almost
continuous readings (at sampling rates of up to every 0.5 seconds) in this
mode. For a walking pace of 3 km (2 miles) per hour, data will be collected
at approximately every half a metre (or about every two feet). This tight
spacing of data is necessary for the very shallow targets that are usually
encountered in environmental applications. The next figure (Figure B15)
illustrates the set-up for a WALK-MAG survey
Planning
Stop-and-Go
For larger and deeper targets; at depths below 30 metres (100 feet), such as
those more often encountered in mineral exploration applications, it is
preferable to operate in the stop-and-go mode with automatic station
incrementing. Data for this case would be taken typically at a 15 metre (50
feet) station spacingremember, you need at least two points to define an
anomaly, which is why the station spacing is half that of the expected depth.
This is illustrated in the following figure (Figure B16), which shows the set-up
of a stop-and-go survey.
Applications
Gradiometer
You can also perform the survey using the gradiometer mode. The
gradiometer survey is carried out using two vertically spaced sensors;
usually one metre (3 feet). The magnetic field reading is taken for each
sensor and the difference is divided by the distance. The measured value of
a gradiometer survey is expressed as nanoTeslas per metre (nT/m). This
mode has the advantages of being totally independent of time-based
variations, since it measures a difference in magnetic fields. However,
especially for environmental applications, it is more sensitive to near-surface
objects, which can be a disadvantage. The following figure (Figure B17)
illustrates the set-up for a gradiometer survey.
Field observations
Finally, to help in the interpretation of the final data, it is very important to note
all possible sources of noises, i.e. cultural features, encountered during your
survey. When you are examining the data after it has been plotted, the ability to
correlate known noise sources with the anomalies on your map greatly aids in the
proper identification of the buried targets.
Long structures or bodies which are aligned in a parallel fashion are not usually
encountered in environmental applications (except pipelines), the direction of
the targets are most often random. Consequently, most environmental grids are
laid out in square pattern.
Planning
The underlying principle behind the layout of a survey grid is that the survey lines
should cross linear bodies at or close to 90 degrees. For very long and narrow
structures such as are encountered in mineral exploration applications, the
survey lines are laid out along perpendicular to the strike, therefore optimizing
the coverage of each line.
Applications
Applications
Chapter
Once you have considered all the factors as to the type of magnetometer survey
required, then you are ready to design and lay out a grid to cover the area of
interest. This chapter will cover some aspects of laying out a grid and actually
conducting a survey. Finally, a brief discussion of an actual survey undertaken of the
Columbia test site at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, will be
presented.
B3-1
Example
Introduction
Applications
heads of the stakes should preferably be marked with fluorescent paint. The
base line implementation is illustrated in the following figure (Figure B-19).
E
-
10
the survey lines, using wooden stakes or flagging tape to mark you survey
stations. For typical environmental applications, the stations may be at
every 10 metres. You may also choose not to mark every survey line, but
only survey lines every 5 metres. The position of the intermediary survey
lines would be approximated by the operator. This is illustrated in the
following figure (Figure B-20).
E
-
10
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-3
Example
3. Once the survey lines are marked on the base line, then you should lay in
Applications
These survey stations will serve as reference points to locate your data points on
the survey grid and eventually to locate data points on a scaled map of your data.
This map will in turn be used for your interpretation of the data.
As illustrated in (Figure B-20), survey lines and stations are usually labelled in the
manner NN D, where NN represents the major digits of the distance and D
represents the direction of the line. For example, a typical environmental grid
with survey lines oriented in a north-south directions located every metre and
with marked stations every 10 metres would have survey lines labelled 1E, 2E, 3E,
etc. and stations along these survey lines labelled 10N, 20N, 30N,...etc.
Multiple grids
As is often the case, you may want to survey several grids in the course of a
single day without having to dump the data after each grid. The ENVI-MAG
does not store any information about which grid a particular set of lines
belong to. If identical line numbers are present on different grids, we strongly
recommend that you enter a different line number for the second identical
line. You can systematically shift the line by either adding a digit in the least
significant location or offsetting the line by adding a large value, such as
1000. For instance, if you have two lines 100E, one on grid A and one on grid
B, the second line 100E on grid B could be entered as either Line 101E or
1100E instead, to avoid confusion when processing the data.
Base-station corrections
In some specific situations you may choose to use a second magnetometer
as a base-station, which will measure the magnetic field for time-based
variations at specific time intervalsevery 20 seconds, for instance. As its
name implies, this base-station magnetometer is located at a fixed location.
The tie-point line method uses data collected along the base line (or rarely,
tie-lines) as reference points to correct for the diurnal drift of magnetic data.
The following figure (Figure B-21 on page B3-6) illustrates a typical tie-point
line method survey.
The basic sequence is to survey the base-line as quickly as possible, taking
readings at every line that crosses the base-line. This data is entered into a
special memory section when recorded with the TIE-PT key. You then
proceed to survey the grid on a systematic basis. As you proceed along the
grid, you will then be occasionally taking readings at known stations (those
collected with the TIE-PT). This repeating of measurements at certain
stations is then used by the correcting procedures (performed after the
survey) to remove any diurnal variations detected.
If you will be surveying a large grid, that may take more than one day (or
more than one instruments memory capacity), then you must record all of
your tie-line data before any other grid survey data is collected. This ensures
that the data from the second and subsequent days (or second memory full)
are reduced to the same set of correction values.
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-5
Example
If you want to remove the time-based variations, but only have one magnetometer, you could choose to carry out either a tie-line survey in line or loop
mode. If you a fairly small area to survey, i.e. can be done quickly, then the
loop method is adequate. For larger grids, the line mode is recommended.
However, it should ne noted that neither of these methods are as accurate or
precise as the base-station correction. A technical paper on this subject
(Magnetic Correction Techniques) is available from SCINTREX.
Applications
Search mode
Another useful survey mode for the rapid detection of near-surface ferrous
objects is the search mode. This mode is a variation of the base-station mode with
the data being displayed on the instrument screen as it is collected. This can be
very useful for metal ordnance detection. A detailed explanation of using this
mode is explained in the operations manual on page A5-13.
Note taking
Recording field information, i.e. notes, is very important for the subsequent
interpretation of the magnetic survey results.
The taking of notes is done quite easily with the ENVI-MAG using the NOTE key.
You can pre-enter a choice of five cultural noise sources (macros) that you are
most likely to encounter during the survey. The complete description of setting
up this feature can be found in the instrument section on page A4-25.
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-7
Example
Typical cultural features that should be noted are: fences, power lines, surface
debris, roads and buildings. These features should be noted when they are in
close proximity to the point at which you are taking a reading.,You are then
relating the disturbance in the magnetometer data with a specific cultural
feature. If this is not done, and you dont happen to remember what was present
at the specific location, you run the risk of having the cultural feature mistaken
for a real anomaly.
Applications
Sensor orientation
It is also very important to maintain a constant orientation of the sensor
while you are measuring and walking from station to station. In other words,
do not sway to and fro while walking during a WALKMAG survey.
Rough terrain
You may find that in certain circumstances, such as sloped terrain where
progress is much slower than on flat terrain, it is quite difficult to maintain
the same station density as you slow down, more data is being collected
over the same amount of lateral coverage as on level terrain. To even out this
coverage, you can specify a longer cycling time (greater than the 0.5 seconds
you have chosen, for example). Alternatively, you can introduce an additional delay in the cycle time, (the CYCLE DELAY feature), prolonging the time
interval between readings and allowing you to maintain a more even coverage of your grid.
This pattern is present to some degree in all surveys with continuous data
collection, where the sensors and instruments are not exactly spatially
coincident. To minimize any problems, the internal software in the
ENVI-MAG automatically tries to correct this lagging phenomenon.
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-9
Example
The measurement that you make with the ENVI-MAG does not take place immediately due to the cycle time of the instrument, which is at best 0.5 seconds. Consider also, that during a WALKMAG survey you, the operator, are
continuously moving. Is there going to be a problem when you change directions? With some other instruments, this inherent lag in the data would create very distinct herring-bone patterns in the contoured data, as illustrated in
the following figure (Figure B-24).
Applications
it is important that the sensor cable does not dangle for the same
reasons as mentioned for the WALKMAG mode,
the sensor staff should be held at arms length when taking a
measurement,
it is very important that the sensor be maintained in a constant and
proper orientation for each line.
Post-survey procedures
Magnetic cleanliness
Certain precautions must be observed before taking readings with a
magnetometer. You, as an operator, should be devoid of any metallic objects on
your person, such as belt buckles, rock picks, steel-toe boots and compasses.
These metallic objects will interfere with the normal reading taken by the
magnetometer and produce spurious data.
You can also visually monitor the magnetic activity at your base station with this
feature. These features are well explained in the operations manual section and
you should refer to this section starting on page A3-30 for further details.
Post-survey procedures
Clean-up site if required
Once the data is collected, it is a good procedure to remove all stakes and
markings left behind, therefore avoiding further damaging the environment.
Data correction
The survey data collected should be corrected at the end of the survey day or the
end of the grid. The procedures to perform data correction are explained at
length in the instrument operation section starting on page A5-15. However, there
are some points that are useful to mention at this stage.
Data correction is done automatically while the survey is carried out in the tieline mode. However, when using a base station the survey data is corrected with
the data from the base station.
Warning: Once the data has been corrected with the base station, the raw
uncorrected survey data can no longer be retrieved.
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-11
Example
Once data have been collected either on a single line or the entire grid, you can
review the data on the consoles display screen. This will allow you to visually
locate anomalies, as well as, determine the intensity of the anomalies. This is
done using the ENVI-MAGs graphic display capabilities of the magnetometer
data.
Applications
Data transfer
It is a good procedure at the end of each survey day to transfer the data acquired
during the day. You can keep the equivalent of two days data for a typical
environmental survey in the magnetometers memory, but it is not considered
good procedure. The instructions to transfer (or dump) the data are explained in
the operations manual starting on page A6-10.
The data can either be dumped on a line-by-line basis or as an entire data set. You
would normally perform a line-by-line dump, if you intended to produce
individual profiles. Alternatively, you would do an entire data dump, if you
intended to produce a contour map.
Processing data
Once the data is dumped, you can perform many procedures to enhance the
presentation of the data. Data can be presented as contour maps or as profiles of
the measured values. In the case of multiple grids it is recommended that
processing be done for each grid separately. You will have to manually edit your
data file into separate data files for each grid.
The steps to producing a contour map or individual profiles are well explained
in the third section of the manual on the ENVIMAP software.
Further processing of the data can be carried out using the optional GEOSOFT
map processing software. This optional software allows you to create colour
plots, image maps and 3-D presentations, as well as providing enhanced gridding,
modelling and interpretation tools. Contact your SCINTREX representative for
more details.
Field example
Columbia test site Waterloo, Ontario
The Columbia test site is located on the grounds of the University of Waterloo, in
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Three different types of targets are buried at this site:
45 gallon steel drums, pipes and sheets of metal. These targets are buried at
different depths and in different groupings. A sketch map of the Columbia test site
is shown in the following figure (Figure B-26).
Field example
.
Example
Grid layout
The shallow burial depths of the targets, between 0.5m and 2.0m, required a
tight grid spacing be chosen. Ideally a square grid with a line spacing of one
(1) metre should be used for this type of site. This was the case. For the same
reason, the WALK-MAG mode with readings taken every 0.5 seconds and
stations updated every 10 metres was used for this type of site.
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-13
Applications
The following figure, (Figure B-27), shows the site being surveyed in the standard
WALKMAG, as well as the automatic gradiometer mode.
Figure B-27 Surveying the Columbia test site in the gradiometer (left) and
WALKMAG (right) modes.
The results are presented in the following captions in contoured data form for the
total field survey and in profile form for the gradiometer survey. (Figure B-28)
illustrates the contoured total field data and (Figure B-29) the contoured vertical
gradiometer data.
Field example
Example
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-15
Applications
Bibliography
Bibliography
Benson, R., Glaccum, R.A., Noel, M.R., 1982, Geophysical Techniques for Sensing
Buried Wastes and Waste Migration, National Ground Water Association,
Dublin, Ohio, 236 pp.
Breiner, S., 1973, Applications Manual for Portable Magnetometers, Geometrics,
Sunnyvale, California, 58 pp.
Landry, B., Mercier, M., 1983, Notions de Gologie, Modulo diteur, Outremont,
Qubec, 426 pp.
Telford, W.M., Geldart, L.P Sheriff, R.E., Keys, D.A., 1976, Applied Geophysics,
.,
Cambridge University Press, New York, 860 pp.
B
ENVI-MAG Manual
B3-17
Example
Westphalen, O. and Rice, J., 1992, Drum Detection: EM vs. Mag. Some revealing
tests; Proceedings of the 6th National Outdoor Action Conference, p.665-688.
Applications
ENVI-MAG
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
ENVI-MAG Manual
C- i
Table of Contents
C -ii
ENVI-MAG Manual
Chapter
Introduction
ENVIMAP
Introduction
The ENVIMAP software
The ENVIMAP processing system is a PC-based software system designed to
specifically process Scintrex ENVI-MAG ground magnetometer data into report
quality maps. The system can produce contour maps of total magnetic field or
vertical magnetic gradient data on a variety of printers.
The processing system works with spatially positioned datathat is, data that
have a ground location (X,Y) and one or more associated readings (Z values) at
that position. For ENVI-MAG data, there are two possible Z values:
1. Total-fieldthe total magnetic field in nanoTeslas (nT).
2. Gradientthe gradient (rate of change) of the total magnetic field in
ENVI-MAG Manual
C1-1
Introduction
2. Create a map
When data are ready for map presentation, the first step is to design a map
layout and create map surrounds and cosmetic map graphics. Subsequent
data presentations can be added to this basic map frame.
Use
Monospaced
Keycaps
AA
ENVIMAP
Chapter
2
Installation
Installation and
getting started
Before you begin
Please take the time to check that you have everything required for the successful
installation of the ENVIMAP System.
Hardware requirements
The ENVIMAP system will run on IBM-compatible PCs with the following
minimum resources:
Other requirements
1. Your copy of the ENVIMAP System has been delivered with disks that match
your floppy drive sizeeither 3" or 5" disks.
2. You have 2.4Mb of free disk space on your hard drive to install the system.
ENVIMAP Installation
Installation procedure
To install, register and configure your copy of the ENVIMAP software, just follow
these six simple steps.
install_drive
install_directory
For example:
A:\INSTALL A: C: \ENVIMAP
or
B:\INSTALL B: D: \ENVIMAP
You will be prompted to insert each disk into the source drive as they are needed.
Installation procedure
Note:
You must ensure that all disks have been installed. It does not hurt to
install the same disk twice, but problems will result if not all disks
are installed.
your name,
your company name,
the city and country in which the licensed computers are located.
Note:
Installation
The program files are stored on the installation disks as compressed files with a
.ZIP extension. The installation procedure expands these files and places them
in the destination directory.
ENVIMAP Installation
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
System Configuration
Prepare the data
Create a map
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Dos
Help
eXit
You will now be required to configure ENVIMAP to match your computer system,
that is:
You will also need to tell ENVIMAP where it can create temporary files while
processing.
Installation procedure
ENVIMAP banner
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
System Configuration
Prepare the data
Create a map
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Dos
Help
eXit
Menu banner
Menu section
Button bar
Status bar
Installation
ENVIMAP Installation
Help
You should find ENVIMAP straight-forward to use. For your convenience, context sensitive help will be presented when you press Fh,
(press P or Fh again to remove help).
Installation procedure
Point
Double-Click
Selecting items
To select a menu item, simply point the cursor on the item and click the
LEFT mouse button. To activate the selection or to force a pop-up pick
list to appear, double click on the item.
To cancel the list or menu item, simply click the RIGHT mouse button.
Help
By clicking on the HELP button of the button bar, a help message (pertaining to the highlighted field) appears. This message will stay on the
screen until you either click anywhere inside of the Help box or click
the RIGHT mouse button.
Installation
Click
ENVIMAP Installation
Configuring
Having covered the basics of using the ENVIMAP interface, you are now ready to
proceed with configuring your system. You should be at the main menu screen
with the menu selections highlighting the System Configuration option as
shown in the ENVIMAP main screen on page C2-4:
Press the K key or double-click on the option with the mouse to activate the
configuration menu. You will notice that the highlight bar will now also appear
on the right side of the menu section. Select the AUTOEXEC.BAT and
CONFIG.SYS option to get to the following screen.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
- FILES=20
is added or modified to at least 20
SHELL=C:\COMMAND.COM C:\ /p/E:3000 is added or modified to
set environment size to at least 3000.
* * * * *>
<* * * * *
Command
Dos
Help
List
eXit
Go
This temporary area should have a minimum of 2Mb free space and you
must specify a drive. Do not leave this blank.
Installation procedure
When you press Fg or click on the Go button, this step will modify your
AUTOEXEC.BAT file by adding the ENVIMAP installation path to your PATH
statement and adding lines to set the ENVIMAP and GEOTEMP environment
variables:
SET GEOSOFT=destination
Where:
destination
path
The CONFIG.SYS file is also modified to make sure DOS has at least
20 files available for the ENVIMAP system:
FILES=20
Your original files will be saved as AUTOEXEC.ZZZ and CONFIG.ZZZ. For more
information about the AUTOEXEC.BAT and the CONFIG.SYS files, please refer to
your DOS manual.
If you have more than 3 Mb of RAM, it can be used as a RAM disk and
GEOTEMP can be set to use this disk as the paging area.
To set GEOTEMP to drive D: (assuming your RAM disk has been assigned
to drive D:) enter D: at the screen prompt (as shown in Figure C-3 on
page C2-8) during configuration.
To set up a RAM disk, refer to your DOS manual (see the RAMDISK
command for DOS 5 and 6, or the VDISK command for earlier versions
of DOS), or your third party RAM disk software manual. The more
Installation
SET GEOTEMP=path
ENVIMAP Installation
This will cause the application you are using to page to the specified
directory rather than the RAM disk. If you run out of disk space, you
must free up more space before trying the program again.
Version 3.02.00
cleaR
clear All
G:\ENVIMAP
Command
Dos
Help
List
eXit
Go
Installation procedure
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
printers
Video Graphics (Alt-L
HP 500 letter/A4
PJ XL letter (8.5x11)
PJ XL ledger (11x17)
Ok
Cancel
cleaR
clear All
G:\ENVIMAP
Command
Dos
Help
List
eXit
Go
Please activate the pick list to choose a printer type that most closely
matches the one connected to your computer.
2. Port
The next line allows you to specify which port your printer is physically
connected to. Please activate the pick list and select the port. Usually you
can select PRN:, the default, if you are uncertain.
3. Activate your selections
You must now activate both the video and printer selections by either
pressing Fg or by clicking on the Go button.
ENVIMAP Installation
Note:
Installation
ENVIMAP Installation
Manual installation
If you get an installation problem that you cannot solve, you can try to install the
system without using INSTALL.BAT by following these steps.
1. Ensure you have sufficient free disk space available (about 2.4 Mb
for this system).
2. Create an installation directory and make it the default. For example:
MD \ENVIMAP
CD \ENVIMAP
Error messages
The following error messages can be encountered during the installation, if some
unexpected conditions are present. A description of the likely cause and a
possible remedy are described for each message.
This message is displayed if the INSTALL procedure failed for any reason.
The following are possible causes, in order of likelihood:
1. You have entered the INSTALL command incorrectly. The syntax for
the INSTALL command follows:
INSTALL a: c: \ENVIMAP
2. PKUNZIP.EXE was not found on the installation diskette. This can only
be caused by a corrupted INSTALLATION DISK.
3. A program named GSETUP.EXE failed to change your AUTOEXEC.BAT
or CONFIG.SYS files. There may be something unusual about your
system which is not accounted for in the ENVIMAP installation. You
will have to attempt a manual installation. (See Manual installation
on page C2-14.)
Installation
ENVIMAP Installation
you must increase the size of the DOS environment. The DOS environment
contains default system settings, including the current system PATH and the
\ENVIMAP directory name. This installation has brought the contents of the
environment over the current system limit.
To increase the limit, add the following command to C:\CONFIG.SYS:
SHELL=C:\COMMAND.COM C:\ /P /E:3000
Press Fc
Enter CD \directory, where directory is the name of the
ENVIMAP directory
Installation
ENVIMAP Installation
Another possibility is that not all files were expanded into the destination
directory. This may be due to one or more disks being skipped during
installation, or because you ran out of disk space. You can confirm which is
the problem by checking the amount of free disk space that remains.
Installation
ENVIMAP
Chapter
ENVIMAP Reference
The ENVIMAP processing system is a simple to use, menu driven package that
allows you to process and create plots from data gathered by the SCINTREX
ENVI-MAG. This system is specifically designed to work only with this and other
SCINTREX instruments in the environmental series.
The ENVIMAP system allows you to:
download data directly from the ENVIMAG
supports using both a mouse and keyboard for the menu interface
Reference
ENVIMAP Reference
Limitations
As with any package, there are some limitations to what ENVIMAP can deal with
and accomplish. To add more functionality, you can buy the complete Geosoft
Mapping System directly from SCINTREX.
Menuing system
The ENVIMAP system is entirely menu driven with context sensitive help. Its
design allows you to process and create plots without reference to this manual. It
is assumed that you are somewhat experienced with the use of an IBMcompatible DOS-based personal computer.
Menuing system
ENVIMAP banner
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
System Configuration
Prepare the data
Create a map
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Dos
Menu banner
Help
Menu section
Button bar
Status bar
eXit
The above screen image is an ENVIMAP menu screen (the main menu, in fact).
It has five horizontal sections, each indicated by a separate background color.
These sections are, starting at the top:
2. Menu banner This area contains descriptive text about the selected
menu, such as instructions on what steps to take and so on.
3. Menu section The currently selected section or item is highlighted. If a
menu item has a sub-menu, it will appear to the right. Selecting the various
entries can be done with either the keyboard cursor keys or a mouse
pointer.
4. Button bar The buttons on this line indicate what actions are available to
you. The actions are triggered by either pressing the F key in combination
with the highlighted letter on the button or by clicking on the button using
the mouse.
5. Status bar This line displays your current working directory and any
ENVIMAP messages.
Reference
1. ENVIMAP banner This section contains the program name and current
version number.
ENVIMAP Reference
Help
You should find ENVIMAP straightforward to use. For your convenience,
context sensitive help will be presented whenever you press Fh
(press P or Fh again to remove help).
Menuing system
Click
Double-Click
Selecting Items
To cancel the list or menu item, simply click the RIGHT mouse button.
Help
By clicking on the HELP button of the button bar, a help message
pertaining to the highlighted field will pop up. This message will stay on
the screen until you either click anywhere inside of the Help box or
click the RIGHT mouse button.
Reference
To select a menu item, simply point the cursor on the item and click the
LEFT mouse button. To activate the selection or to force a pop-up pick
list to appear, double click on the item.
ENVIMAP Reference
Pick Lists
Fields that have a vertical double-headed ( ) arrow to their left when they
are selected, are ones that have an associated pick list of options. You can
either type in the correct response or activate that list and select the desired
entry. The following figure shows a sample list used in selecting the printers:
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
Scroll-up
printers
Video Graphics (Alt-L
HP 500 letter/A4
PJ XL letter (8.5x11)
PJ XL ledger (11x17)
Slider
Highlight Bar
Scroll-down
Ok
Cancel
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Command
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Help
List
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2. You then must press K to select it. The presence of the arrows on
the scroll bar to the right of the options indicates that there are
more to choose from than those displayed in the window.
How to cancel
If you do not wish to make a selection simply press the P key to close
the list.
Menuing system
How to cancel
To abandon selection, you can either click on the Cancel button or
click your RIGHT mouse button.
File lists
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
File
Directory
Drive
File Name
envimag.xyz
envimag.xyz
test_3.xyz
watc_tot.xyz
Directory Path
\ENVIMAP
Drive
G:
Ok
Cancel
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List
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Reference
File lists enable you to quickly highlight the required file and saves you the
bother of having to remember the exact name along with the full path to the
file. Entries where file lists are available are identified by the down-arrow
()to the left of the field when the option is highlighted. A sample file list
follows:
ENVIMAP Reference
The file lists work in much the same manner as the pick lists, except for the
additional entry boxes on the left. As you highlight the files in the pick list on
the right, the currently highlighted file will appear in the files box on the left.
If you make entries in the Directory or Drive fields on the left, the files
in those respective areas will appear on the file list to the right.
Using the keyboard to cycle through the choices on the left,
1. press the I key to get to the desired field
2. make the appropriate entry. The default file extension is always shown
in the File List title box at the top of the window frame.
3. press Fo for Ok
Menuing system
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
DOS Command
Cancel
dir i:\*.plt
dir *.plt
dir *.xyz
del i:\*.xyz
dir i:\
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Dos
Help
eXit
Shelling to DOS
Finally, if you need to do quite a few things at the DOS command level, rather
than going through them one at a time via the Command window, you can
shell entirely out to DOS for as long as you like.
This is accomplished by pressing Fd or by clicking on the DOS button
when it is available on the Button bar.
Returning to ENVIMAP
To get back to the ENVIMAP system you must:
1. enter EXIT at the DOS prompt
2. press K.
Reference
2. you can scroll through the list of previously executed commands and
select one. Once the selected command is in the top field, you can edit
it to make minor changes.
ENVIMAP Reference
Menu Reference
System Configuration
This menu option allows you to change your default video and printer set-ups, as
well as specifying a temporary work area for ENVIMAP to use. You should only
need to use this option if there have been any changes to your system since the
time you installed ENVIMAP
.
This option allows you to specify the temporary work space area for ENVIMAP to
use. It will set the GEOTEMP environment variable in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
If you have more than 3Mb of RAM available, then you could specify a RAM disk
to speed up operations or use a disk cache such as SMARTDRV. Please refer to
RAM disks and GEOTEMP on page C2-9 for a more detailed background
explanation.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
- FILES=20
is added or modified to at least 20
SHELL=C:\COMMAND.COM C:\ /p/E:3000 is added or modified to
set environment size to at least 3000.
* * * * *>
<* * * * *
Command
Dos
Help
List
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If you are unsure of what to enter here, enter the disk with the most space
available. If you only have a single drive, this will usually be C:\. This will then
tell ENVIMAP to use the drives root directory that you specified for creating
temporary files.
You cannot leave this blank.
Menu Reference
This option allows you to configure ENVIMAP for your display screen and
output device.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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Command
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List
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You can select either an EGA or VGA mode screen for the graphics
previews.
Printer
A pick list of all the available printers is available. Please choose one
that is most appropriate to your installation. The classes of supported
devices include Epson-compatible 9 and 24-pin dot matrix, HewlettPackard PCL compatible laser, and some HP compatible ink-jets.
Please contact SCINTREX ENVI- technical support, if you cannot get
your printer to work with one of these configurations.
Printer Port
You must inform ENVIMAP to which port output should be directed.
The default is to PRN: and you should not change this unless you know
for certain that your device is connected to another port.
Reference
Video Graphics
ENVIMAP Reference
This section allows you to adjust the communications speed between the
ENVI-MAG and your PC. The default setting of 9600 should suffice. You must also
ensure that the settings on the ENVI-MAG match those on your PC for the two
devices to properly communicate.
If you require frequent high-volume, high-speed data transfers from the
ENVI-MAG, contact SCINTREX for the optional DOWNLOAD program.
.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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Command
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Filename
The name of the file to receive the ENVIMAG data. This file will
automatically be assigned an .XYZ extension.
Menu Reference
Communications port
The choices for the communications port are COM1, COM2 or COM3,
with COM1 being the default.
Baud rate
The default setting is 9600. A pick list is available with the only other
valid settings.
Merge data files
This option allows you to merge up to ten XYZ (data) files to create a single file
for processing.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
Reference
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Command
Dos
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List
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All the selections on this screen have file lists attached so that you can easily
merge data from various directories and drives.
ENVIMAP Reference
Create a map
This menu selection gives you all the options needed to create and customize
your maps. The three options below the line on the right side of the menu screen
set parameters used by the Draw the Map option.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
System Configuration
Prepare the data
Create a map
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Dos
Help
eXit
This is the basic map-making module. The options at this menu level allow you
to fine tune the appearance of your map.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
Create a map.
This procedure will create "plot file" of the map. You may optionally
preview this file on a VGA screen and plot the file on you printer using
the "Plot" selection in the main menu.
Data file name:envimag.xyz
Field to plot: total field
Preview when done? YES
ground units: meters
Sheet orientation: Landscape
Title: ENVI-MAG Sample Data
Sub-Title: Sample Contour Map
Sub-Title: Test Survey
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Menu Reference
Field to Plot
You must specify either the Total magnetic field, the
Vertical gradient, or the Noise of the magnetic field to be
plotted. Please ensure that your choice is actually present in the data,
otherwise odd results may appear.
Ground Units
You can either specify feet or metres as your ground units.
The following entries affect the appearance of your map.
Title
This will be the main title of your map. It will be plotted in the centre
towards the bottom edge of your map sheet.
Sub-Title 1
This line will be plotted in a smaller size immediately below the Title
line.
Sub-Title 2
This line is plotted immediately below the previous sub-title line.
Reference
Sheet Orientation
ENVIMAP Reference
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
Command
Dos
Help
List
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Map frame
The following two options control how the surround of the data area
will appear.
1. Plot a map frame
You have three choices: a single, double or no line surrounding the
data area.
2. Frame to fit
There are two choices:
sheet size will always draw the frame around the outside edge of
the printer page regardless of how the data fit on the page.This will
always produce same size plots on the same printer.
data plus margins will adjust the size of the frame to the size of the
data, which will always be the same or smaller than the printer
page.
Menu Reference
Scale bar
The following options control the location and units of the scale bar.
1. Show scale bar?
A YES or NO answer is required.
2. ground units
You must specify whether the ground units of the data are in
metres or feet.
3. locate relative to map:
You can specify either the bottom right, bottom centre or bottom left
of the map as the location to plot the scale bar.
Note: The Titles are always plotted in the bottom centre portion of the map.
4. X-offset
5. Y-offset
This option allows you to specify how much in centimetres on the
plotted map to offset the scale bar in the vertical direction from the
reference point mentioned above. A negative offset will be down
the map sheet.
North Arrow
This group of options allows you to control the placement, orientation
and annotation of the north arrow.
1. Show North Arrow?
A YES or NO option to show the north arrow.
Reference
ENVIMAP Reference
2. North Direction
This option allows you to specify the orientation of the north arrow
in degrees clockwise from the Y-axis direction of your ground survey
area.
3. Magnetic Inclination
Enter the Earths magnetic inclination at your survey area if you
know it. This will then be annotated below the north arrow.
4. Magnetic Declination
Enter the magnetic declination at your survey area if you know it.
This will also be annotated below the north arrow.
A sample entry for 12 degrees west of north would be either
12 W or -12.
5. Locate relative to map:
You can specify either the bottom right, bottom centre or bottom
left of the map as the location to plot the scale bar.
Note: The Titles are always plotted in the bottom centre portion of the map.
6. X-offset
This option allows you to specify how much, in centimetres on the
plotted map, to offset the north arrow in the horizontal direction
from the reference point mentioned above. A negative offset will be
to the left.
7. Y-offset
This option allows you to specify how much, in centimetres on the
plotted map, to offset the north arrow in the horizontal direction
from the reference point mentioned above. A negative offset will be
down the map.
Menu Reference
This group of options controls the reference grid options such as annotations and
station symbols.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
REFERENCE GRID
A reference grid can be overlayed on the plot to provide a
ground coordinate reference. Station markers may also be
plotted. Station markers are symbols plotted on the map to
show the location of readings.
Show a reference grid? YES
Reference grid X spacing:
Reference grid Y spacing:
Add compass direction suffix: YES
Grid format: dotted lines
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Show station markers? YES
Marker symbol: +
Marker size (mm): 1.5
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Reference
Reference Grid
ENVIMAP Reference
Station Markers
This group of options allows you to place markers at all locations where
readings where taken for reference purposes.
1. Show Station Markers?
A YES or NO option.
2. Marker Symbol
You can choose from six different symbol types:
plus
cross or "x"
dot
box
triangle
small diamond
3. Marker Size
You must specify the marker height in millimetres.
A suitable size will be automatically chosen if you leave this field
blank.
Menu Reference
Contour options
This option allows you to control the fineness of the gridding, the detail that you
will see in the contours and some of the cosmetics of the contouring.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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Reference
Contour options
This group of options controls the appearance of the contours that you
will see on the map.
1. Primary contour interval
The data will be contoured at increments of the primary contour
interval. If this is not specified, an appropriate contour interval will
be automatically chosen.
We recommend that the first time a data set is contoured, the
defaults should be used. Adjustments can then be made as
necessary. For example, to contour at 10 nT intervals, enter 10.
ENVIMAP Reference
Gridding options
In order to produce a contour map, the data must first be interpolated
to values at the nodes of an even grid. The distance between the grid
nodes is referred to as the grid cell size. The cell size is in ground units.
1. Grid cell size
A suitable grid cell size is chosen automatically for the data. If the
contours appear to be too angular, try to reduce the grid cell size
until a satisfactory map is obtained.
Hint: A grid cell size that is equivalent to 1 to 3 mm on the plotted
map is usually adequate. You will need to consider the scale of your
map and the density of your data at this stage.
2. Blanking distance
This is a value in ground units. Any areas that are farther than this
distance from the data points will not be gridded/contoured.
Caution: If this value is set for too small a value, you may get
unwanted holes in your contoured results.
Menu Reference
3. Tolerance
This is a percentage of the range of the input data.
The grid mesh is fit to the data points by an iterative minimum
curvature surface fitting technique. The process stops when the
surface changes by less than the specified tolerance value for all
the points in the mesh, or when the maximum number of iterations
have been reached.
The default tolerance is 0.1% of the input data range.
Hint: To improve a surface fit you must either reduce the tolerance
value or increase the maximum number of iterations, or both.
4. Maximum iterations
This specifies the maximum number of times the grid mesh will be
adjusted to get the grid within the tolerance range specified for the
input data.
Reference
ENVI-MAG Manual C3-23
ENVIMAP Reference
Plot
This menu section provides you with the means of previewing the maps,
generating a hardcopy, or converting the map to a format suitable for importing
into most CAD packages.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
E N V I M A P
Instructions:
System Configuration
Prepare the data
Create a map
Plot
Command
G:\ENVIMAP
Screen Preview
Hard Copy
Convert to DXF
Dos
Help
eXit
This option allows you to preview your map on the screen prior to plotting. It
provides a good check to see if any details have been omitted.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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Menu Reference
Hardcopy
This option creates the output for your selected printer. You can plot directly to
your output device or to a file for later printing.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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Printer
You can override your default printer configuration at this point. This
could be useful if you are creating a deferred plot file for plotting on
another printer or from another computer (see next item).
Printer port
This option lets you override the default settings you made in the
System configuration options. One important option is the ability to
print to a file called PLOT.PRN that is available on the pick list you
can use any other filename also. This allows you to generate a file on a
computer that has no printer attached, or perhaps for a different printer
than that currently attached to your PC. The file can then be plotted to
the appropriate device by using the DOS COPY/B command to copy
the file to the printer port. This is great for making multiple copies
! PRN plot-files can be very large.
Reference
Enter the name of the PLT file you wish to plot. A file list is available.
ENVIMAP Reference
Convert to DXF
To allow you to combine your survey map data with other map data in digital
form, ENVIMAP provides you with the option of creating an AutoCAD DXF
format file. The units in the DXF file will be in ground coordinates. If the DXF
file does not register properly with your CAD drawing, it is most likely due to
different coordinate systems being used in the drawings. In this situation you
can make a BLOCK of the ENVIMAP plot and use the AutoCAD INSERT
command to scale and position the map as required.
ENVIMAP
Version 3.02.00
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ENVI-MAG
Index
Index
ENVI-MAG
Index
Index
Numerics
12-Volt battery A2-12
A
AC-power A2-12
Advanced mode A3-1, A3-22, A4-12
Auxiliary display A3-35
configuration displays A3-22
Data displays A3-29
data output display A3-36
data output procedures A6-8
Data output setup A6-8
Display intensity control A4-27
Dumping data A6-10
Erasing memory A6-14
graphic data display A3-31
INFO display A3-40
Locking parameters A4-28
Main operating display A3-22
NOTES display A3-39
Numeric data display A3-29
parameters A3-22
recall displays A3-32
Remote operation A5-20
Reprogramming op. system A4-29
Sample base-station setup A4-20
Sample gradiometer setup A4-17
Sample INFO display setup A4-23
Sample Instrument setup A4-12
Sample Note entry A4-25
Search mode setup A5-13
setup display A3-25
Tie-point correction procedure A5-19
B
Back Plate A2-2
Back-pack A2-2
installation A2-9
Index
BASE
basic A3-15
BASE CORRECT
advanced A3-26
BASE FIELD
advanced A3-28
Base-station A5-3
Applications vi
correction A3-40
correction procedure A5-15, B3-4
operation A5-11
sensor
connecting cable A2-5
setup A4-20
C
Cables A2-2
base-station A2-5
gradiometer sensor A2-6
CAD output C3-26
Car battery A2-12
Carrying strap A3-3
Cartesian co-ordinates A3-16, A3-22, A3-23
Changing parameters A4-5
Charger connector A3-3
Charging light A3-3
CHART SCALE
advanced A3-27
Cleaning
sensors A7-4
CLEAR key A4-6
Clearing memory A6-13
Cold boot A1-2, A4-1, A4-2
Cold weather use A2-11
Comm Port C3-13
Communications parameters C3-12
CONFIG.SYS C2-9, C2-16
Configuration displays
Basic mode A3-12
Configuration menu A4-3
Configuring system C2-8
Connector
charger A3-3
data output A3-3
external power A3-3
sensor A3-3
Console A2-2
description A3-3
Contact numbers
geomagnetic forecasts B1-10
Index
D
Data
erasing A6-13
Data bits A3-37
Data collection displays
Advanced mode A3-29
Basic mode A3-17
Data correction B3-11
Data dumping A3-36, B3-12
Data output A6-1, B3-12
connector A3-3
Display
advanced mode A3-36
Formats A3-38
format A3-37, A3-38
setup A6-8
Data processing B3-12
ENVI-MAG
Manual Index-v
Index
Contouring
ENVIMAP C3-21
Conventions
typeface vii, C1-2
Correction
base-station
using A5-15
procedures, survey A5-15
tie-line A3-26
tie-point A3-6
tie-point procedures A5-19
Cursor keys A3-5
Cycle
delay A3-24, B3-9
repeat A3-24
CYCLE DELAY
advanced A3-24
CYCLE REPEAT
advanced A3-24
CYCLE TIME
advanced A3-27
Index
NOTES A3-39
numeric data
advanced mode A3-29
pages A3-9
parameters
Advanced A3-22
Basic mode A3-13
Search mode A3-19
pop-up windows A3-10
prompt line A3-8
Recall A3-6
recall
advanced mode A3-32
sub-panels
accessing A4-5
title line A3-8
Display intensity control A4-27
Display screens A3-8 A3-11
Search mode A3-18
Displays
Configuration
basic mode A3-12
Diurnal corrections
Base-station mode B3-4
Tie-point mode A5-19, B3-5
Diurnal removal B1-10
Base-station method B1-10
gradiometer survey B1-11
Line method B1-10
Loop method B1-10
Diurnal variations B1-7, B2-3
removing B1-10
DOS
command
executing C3-9
window C3-8
environment C2-15
shell C3-9
drum location A3-12, A3-14, A3-19
E
Effects of gradient A5-2
EGA C2-10
ENTER key A3-5, A3-34
ENVI-MAG
base-station correction A3-40
Index
effects of A5-2
Gradiometer B2-6
sample setup A4-17
sensor
connecting cable A2-6
setup A4-17
Graphic Data Display A3-31
Graphics card
EGA, VGA C2-10
Grid-cell size C3-22
Gridding
blanking distance C3-22
cell size C3-22
iterations C3-23
tolerance C3-23
Hardware requirements
ENVIMAP C2-1
HEATER
advanced A3-24
Heater
display A3-24
Help
context sensitive C2-6, C3-4
G
Geomagnetic forecasts
contact numbers B1-10
GEOTEMP C2-9
GO button C2-8, C3-4
Gradient A3-30, A3-31
screens A3-11
HELP-Line ix
Herring-bone pattern A5-6, B3-9
I
INFO A3-40
INFO key A3-5
Information display A3-5, A3-40, A4-23
Input
alphanumeric A4-6
numeric A4-6
INSTALL program C2-13
Installation
software C2-2
ENVI-MAG
Manual Index-vii
Index
Environment
size of C2-15
Environment variable
GEOSOFT C2-9, C2-16
GEOTEMP C2-9
Environmental Applications, see Chap. B3
EPROM A4-29
ERASE MEMORY
advanced A3-24
basic A3-15
Erasing data memory A6-13
Error messages C2-15
ESCAPE key A3-5
External
battery pack A2-11
power connector A3-3
power supply A2-12
Index
Instrument
auto turn-off A3-9
overview A1-2
Instrument setup
Advanced mode example A4-12
Interface
ENVIMAP C2-4
K
Key
AUX/LCD A3-5, A3-35
CLEAR A4-6
cursor A3-5
ENTER A3-5, A3-34
ESCAPE A3-5
INFO A3-5
advanced A3-40
minus (-) A3-6
NEXT A3-6, A3-9
advanced A3-29
advanced mode A3-31
NOTE A3-6
NUM/GRA A3-6
ON/OFF A3-5
plus (+) A3-6
RECALL A3-6
RECORD A3-6
TIE-PT A3-6
Key functions A3-5
Keyboard C2-6
pick lists C3-4
selecting items C2-6, C3-4
Keypad A3-3
description A3-4
L
LCD A3-3
heater A3-24
intensity A3-5
Line
entering start A4-8
number A3-16, A3-23
separation A3-16, A3-23
setup A4-7
spacing B2-2
Tie-point data collection A5-17
Tie-point data correction B3-5
Lines
repeated A5-4
LINK REC/START
advanced A3-24
Liquid Crystal Display A3-3
LN
advanced A3-23
basic A3-16
Locking parameters A3-35
Loop
Tie-point data collection A5-16
Low temperature operations vi
M
Macros A3-39, A4-25, B3-7
MAG
advanced A3-22
MAG SETUP
advanced A3-24
MAG SETUP display A4-14, A4-18
Magnetic
anomaly B1-3
shape B1-5
declination B1-1
dipole B1-5
inclination B1-1
monopole B1-5
storms B1-9
targets B1-11
vector B1-1
Index
MODE
advanced A3-25
basic A3-13
search A3-19
Modes
stop-and-go A4-17
Tie-point A5-16
WALKMAG A5-5
Mouse
button actions C3-5
selecting items C2-7, C3-5
using C2-7
Multiple grids B3-4
N
NEXT key A3-6, A3-9
advanced A3-29, A3-31
NOISE A3-30
Noise B2-3
cultural B2-3
field observations B2-6
North Arrow C3-17
Note entry
display A3-6
NOTE key A3-6
Note taking B3-7
NOTES A3-38, A6-6
display A3-39
entry A4-25
NUM/GRA key A3-6
Numeric Data Display A3-29
Numeric input A4-6
Nyquist frequency B2-2
O
ON/OFF key A3-5
Operating displays A3-12 A3-40
ENVI-MAG
Manual Index-ix
Index
Magnetic field
ambient A4-15
Earths B1-1
micro-pulsations B1-8
variations with time B1-7
Magnetic gradient A3-30, A3-31
Magnetism
induced B1-12
permanent B1-12
remanent B1-12
Magnetometer setup display A3-25
Main operating display A3-22, A4-5
Maintenance
periodic A7-4
Manual mode
survey A5-8
Map
frame C3-16
layout C3-15
size C3-2
Map-making
contouring C3-21
frames C3-16
gridding options C3-22
north arrow C3-17
reference grid C3-19
scale bar C3-17
screen previews C3-24
station markers C3-20
Memory v
ENVI-MAG vi
erasing A6-13
percent free A3-30, A3-40
Menu
ENVI-MAG Configuration A4-3
screen components C2-5
sections C3-3
Micro-pulsations B1-8
Minus key (-) A3-6
Index
Operating modes
advanced A3-1
basic A3-1
pre-defined A3-1
search A3-1
Operating system
reprogramming A4-29
OPERATOR A3-40
Orientation A5-2
anomaly amplitude B1-14
anomaly shape B1-13
sensor A2-9
Output B3-12
analog A3-27
basic mode A3-14
formats A6-1
Setup A6-8
Output format
NOTES A3-38, A6-6
PRN A3-38, A6-5
XYZ A3-38, A6-2
XYZ+ A3-38, A6-3
XYZ++ A3-38, A6-4
Output procedures
Advanced mode A6-8
Basic mode A6-7
Overview
instrument A1-2
P
packaging A2-2
Page (display screens) A3-9
Page numbering scheme ix
Panning (graphic display) A3-33
Parameter fields
accessing A4-5
Parameters
Advanced mode A3-22
basic mode A3-13
changing A4-5
communications C3-12
locking A3-35, A4-28
search mode A3-19
separation A4-8
unlocking A4-28
PATH C2-17
Performing tasks C2-8
Periodic maintenance A7-4
Pick lists C3-6
activating C3-4
Plotting C3-24
hardcopy C3-25
Plus key (+) A3-6
Polarity A2-12
Pop-up windows A3-10
Power supply
AC A2-12
external A2-12
Printer
port C2-11
port selection C3-11
selection C2-11, C3-11
PRN A3-38, A6-5
Processing data B3-12
Prompt line A3-8, A4-6
R
RAM disk, see RAM drive
RAM Drive C2-8, C2-9
RAMDISK C2-9
Recall
Data Display A3-33
display A3-6, A3-32
Setup display A3-32
RECALL key A3-6
RECORD key A3-6
Reference Grid C3-19
REMOTE
advanced A3-27
Index
S
Sample Note entry A4-25
Sample setup
base-station A4-20
Basic mode (total-field) A4-9
Gradiometer A4-17
Information display A4-23
Search mode A4-11
WALKGRAD survey A4-14
WALKMAG survey A4-14
Sample survey
manual mode A5-8
search mode A5-13
WALKMAG A5-5
gradiometer A5-7
Sampling interval B2-1
Scale
graphic display A3-34
Scale Bar C3-17
Search mode A3-1, A4-11, A5-13, B3-7
Advanced mode setup A5-13
Basic setup A5-13
data collection displays A3-21
parameters A3-19
sample setup A4-11
sample survey A5-13
Sections vii
Selecting items
keyboard C3-4
mouse C3-5
Sensor
back-pack installation A2-9
cleaning A7-4
connecting cable A2-3
connectors A3-3
orientation A2-9
parts, non-magnetic A2-4
total-field A2-3, A2-4
SEP
advanced A3-23
basic A3-16
Separation
line A3-16, A3-23
parameters A4-8
station A3-16, A3-23
Serial number A3-40
Setup
base-station A4-20
data output A6-8
ENVI-MAG A4-12
general principles A4-4
gradiometer A4-17
line A4-7
ENVI-MAG
Manual Index-xi
Index
Index
ST
advanced A3-22
basic A3-15
Staff A2-2
assembling A2-8
SCINTREX MP-3/4 A2-8
Standard Battery A2-2
Starting line
entering A4-8
Starting station
entering A4-8
Station
auto increment A3-24
entering start A4-8
increment
manual A4-14
lag B3-9
markers
ENVIMAP C3-20
number A3-22
separation A3-16, A3-23
setup A4-7
spacing B2-2
Status bar C2-5, C3-3
Stop-and-Go B2-5
mode A4-17
Storage A2-3
Storms
magnetic B1-9
Strip chart recorder A3-27
Survey
accuracy B2-3
correction procedures A5-15
design criteria B2-1
grid layout B3-1
mode B2-4
gradiometer B2-6
Stop-and-Go B2-5, B3-11
WALKMAG B2-4
pattern B3-4
precision B2-3
Survey lines
repeated A5-4
Surveying
WALKMAG mode B3-7
Symbols viii
System configuration C2-8, C3-10
T
Task
activating C3-4
performing C2-8
Technical support ix
Temporary files C2-8
Text entry A4-25
TIE
basic A3-15
TIE CORRECT
advanced A3-26
TIE MODE
advanced A3-28
Tie-point A5-17
correction A3-6
Advanced mode A5-19
correction procedures A5-19, B3-5
diurnal removal B1-10
line method B3-5
Line mode data collection A5-17
Loop correction procedure A5-19
Loop mode data collection A5-16
mode A5-16
TIE-PT
see Tie-Point
TIE-PT key A3-6
TIME A3-30
advanced A3-40
Title line A3-8
Index
W
WALKGRAD
sample survey setup A4-14
WALKMAG v, A1-2, A5-3, B2-4, B3-7
Gradiometer survey A5-7
sample survey A5-5
setup A4-14
Warranty A8-5
X
XYZ A3-38, A6-2
XYZ+ A3-38, A6-3
XYZ++ A3-38, A6-4
U
Unlocking parameters A4-28
Unpacking A2-2
Upgrade kits vi
V
VDISK C2-9
VGA C2-10
Video card
EGA, VGA C2-10
Video graphics C3-11
ENVI-MAG
Manual Index-xiii
Index
TM/DT
basic A3-14
search A3-20
Total-field
amplitude B1-2
sensor A2-3, A2-4
vector B1-2
Trouble-shooting
ENVIMAP installation C2-13
TUNE FIELD
advanced A3-26
basic A3-13
search A3-19
Tuning B2-4
automatic A3-13, A3-19, A3-27, A4-14
fixed A3-14, A3-19, A3-27, A4-17
Type styles vii
Typeface
conventions vii, C1-2
Index