Management Thesis II

A REPORT
ON
A study on impact of stock market volatility on
individual investors investment decisions with
reference to Religare. Guntur

Under the esteemed guidance of
Mr. D. Sudhir a!u
Faculty Supervisor
Icfai National College Guntur
Su!mitted !"
K.Srikanth
7NBGU00
#
Icfai National College Icfai National College
MANA$EMENT T%ESIS &II
A REPORT
ON
A study on impact of stock market volatility on individual
investors investment decisions with reference to Religare.
Guntur
Under the su'er(ision of
Mr. D. Sudhir a!u
Faculty supervisor
ICF!I N!"I#N!$ C#$$%G% GUN"U&
Su!mitted !"
K.Srikanth
7NBGU00
! report su'(itte) in partial fulfill(ent of the re*uire(ents of
"+% ,B! -&#G&!,
."+% C$!SS #F /0001
INC2 GUN"U&
)
Icfai National College Icfai National College
3%C$!&!"I#N
I here!" dec*are that this management thesis entit*ed A stud" on im'act of stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it"
on indi(idua* in(estor,s in(estment decisions -ith reference to Re*igare. $untur. carried out under
the guidance of m" /acu*t" guide Mr. D. Sudhir a!u is m" origina* -or+. This fina* re'ort0 neither
in fu** nor in 'art has !een su!mitted for a-ard of an" other degree of either this uni(ersit" or an"
other uni(ersit".

1.Sri+anth
2N$U334
4
C%&"IFIC!"%
This is to certif" that the management thesis entit*ed A stud" on im'act of stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it"
on indi(idua* in(estor,s in(estment decisions -ith reference to Re*igare. $untur. a !ona fie*d -or+
of 1.Sri+anth is origina* and has !een done under m" su'er(ision is 'artia* fu*fi**ment for the a-ard
of Masters of usiness Administration . I am '*eased to sa" that his 'erformance during the 'eriod
-as e5treme*" satisfactor".
Date
P*ace6
Dr.M.SUD%A Mr. D. Sudhir
a!u
7enter %ead /acu*t" guide
I7/AI Nationa* 7o**ege I7/AI Nationa* 7o**ege
8
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I -ish to e5'ress m" sincere gratitude to m" Princi'a* Dr. Sudha of IN7 $UNTUR for gi(ing
me the o''ortunit" to do Management thesis at su'er mar+ets.
It gi(es me '*easure to e5'ress m" most 'rofound regards and sense of great inde!tedness and
sincere gratitude to m" facu*t" guide Mr. D. Sudhir a!u for coordinating the 'ro9ect -or+ and
gi(ing me a** the (a*ua!*e guidance and for his constant ins'iration. This 'ro9ect cou*d not ha(e
!een 'ossi!*e -ithout his he*'.
I -ou*d a*so *i+e to than+ em'*o"ees at Re*igare -ho ga(e guidance and su''ort during the
com'*etion of the 'ro9ect.
.
1.Sri+anth
2N$U334
:
C#N"%N"S
INTRODU7TION ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;2
Nature and 'ur'ose of research<'ro9ect
The '*anned achie(ements
O(er(ie- of research '*anned
T%ESIS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;..=
O!9ecti(es
>imitations
Methodo*og"
%"'othesis
Introduction
7om'an" 'rofi*e
Industr" 'rofi*e
Re(ie- of *iterature
Data ana*"sis
SU$$ESTIONS AND 7ON7>USION ;;;;;;;;;;;;;.84
$>OSSAR? ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;8:
RE/EREN7ES ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;82
@UESTIONNAIRE ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;.8A
4. IN"&#3UC"I#N
B
OCER A>> $OA> O/ RESEAR7%
The 'ro'osed to'ic is A stud" on im'act of stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it" on indi(idua* in(estors
in(estment decisions -ith reference to Re*igare in $untur..
This 'ro9ect -ou*d gi(e the understanding of the reasons for the (o*ati*it" in stoc+ mar+ets and
its im'act on in(estment decisions of the indi(idua* customers. The stud" a*so focuses on the
(arious factors that '*a" ro*e in in(estment decisions of the indi(idua* in(estors in stoc+ mar+ets.
It a*so concentrates on ho- to forecast the 'rice changes of shares and other securities so that it
-i** !e he*'fu* to in(estors to ma+e sound decisions.
NEED /OR STUD?
The main 'ur'ose of the research 'a'er is to find and ana*"De the +e" factors that insist or
moti(ate indi(idua* in(estors to in(est in stoc+ mar+ets and ho- their decisions are effected !"
the (o*ati*it" in stoc+ 'rices. In the 'resent da" scenario in(estments in stoc+ mar+ets has
!ecame a 'art of the indi(idua* in(estors 'ortfo*io. Es'ecia**" for those in(estors -ho are read"
to ta+e more ris+ !ut -ant higher returns stoc+ mar+et in(estments are the great sources. The
in(estment o!9ecti(es of the in(estors are (ar" from one to other. A carefu* ana*"sis and c*ose
o!ser(ation he*'s the in(estors to 'redict the future changes of the stoc+ 'rices.
/RAMEEOR1 O/ T%E T%ESIS
The 'ro9ect,s o!9ecti(e is to do an ana*"sis on the factors that ha(e an im'act on stoc+ 'rice
changes and the other factors that indi(idua* in(estors consider -hi*e in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets.
In the first 'hase the stud" is carried out on the reasons for the 'rice changes or (o*ati*it" in stoc+
mar+ets.
In the second 'hase (arious 'arameters that are considered !" in(estors -hi*e in(esting in stoc+
mar+ets are identified !" 're'aring a Fuestionnaire and co**ecting data from indi(idua* stoc+
mar+et in(estors.
In the third 'hase data ana*"sis and suggestions and conc*usions !enefiting the com'an".
2
The stud" -ou*d !e !ased on information co**ected from indi(idua* stoc+ mar+et in(estors of
Re*igare stoc+ !ro+ing firm and the other sources *i+e com'anies records0 internet etc. /urther
reFuired data -ou*d !e co**ected -ith the he*' of Fuestionnaire and its res'onse !" the
customers. The co**ected data -ou*d !e ana*"Ded to find the im'act of stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it" on
in(estment decisions of indi(idua* in(estors. And the stud" a*so focuses to find out the (arious
strategies ado'ted !" Re*igare to contro* the in(estors.
"+%SIS5 -&#6%C" &%S%!&C+ 7#&K
A
#B6%C"I8%S
To +no- the reasons for the stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it".
To find the (arious 'arameters that are ta+en into consideration !" indi(idua* in(estors
-hi*e in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets.
To stud" the (arious ser(ices 'ro(ided !" Re*igare to its customers.
To find -eather stoc+ mar+et (o*ati*it" ha(e an im'act on in(estment decisions of the
indi(idua* in(estors or not.
$I,I"!"I#NS
Secondar" data can !e genera* and (ague and ma" not rea**" he*' in getting the com'*ete
'icture.
The data co**ected through interaction is 'rone to !iased in'uts !" the 'erson.
This 'ro9ect is *imited to on*" one geogra'hica* *ocation that is $untur -hich ma" *ead to
*ess accurac".
,%"+#3#$#G9
=
-ri(ary 3ata:5
Primar" data is co**ected from the in(estors of Re*igare financia* ser(ices through a
Fuestionnaire. Sam'*e siDe is ta+en as #33 for more accurac".
Secon)ary 3ata
Secondar" data is co**ected from (arious sources -hich are *isted !e*o-.
7om'an" records and re'orts
MagaDines0 9ourna*s0 'am'h*ets0 ad(ertisements.
Standard reference te5t!oo+s
Ee!sites *i+e nseindia.com and mone" contro*.com
The 'ur'ose of using the secondar" data is to increase the accurac" of ana*"sis.
Sa(ple si;e: #33
Sa(pling Units: #. 7ustomers of Re*igare stoc+ !ro+ing firm.
Sa(pling ,etho): Non&'ro!a!i*it" sam'*ing Gcon(enience and 9udgment sam'*ingH
IN"&#3UC"I#N
#3
Perce'tion is defined as the 'rocess !" -hich an indi(idua* se*ects0 organiDes0 and
inter'rets stimu*i into a meaningfu* and coherent 'icture of the -or*d. It can !e descri!ed as
ho- -e see the -or*d around us.. T-o indi(idua*s ma" !e e5'osed to the same stimu*i under
the same a''arent conditions0 !ut ho- each 'erson recogniDes0 se*ects0 organiDes0 and inter'rets
these stimu*i is a high*" indi(idua* 'rocess !ased on each 'erson,s o-n needs0 (a*ues0 and
e5'ectations. The inf*uence that each of these (aria!*es has on the 'erce'tua* 'rocess and its
re*e(ance to mar+eting -i** !e e5'*ore *ater. /irst0 ho-e(er0 -e -i** e5amine some of the !asic
conce'ts that under*ine the 'erce'tua* 'rocess. These -i** !e discussed -ithin the frame -or+ of
consumer !eha(ior.
Indi(idua*s act and react on the !asis of their 'erce'tions0 not on the !asis of o!9ecti(e
rea*it". /or each indi(idua*0 rea*it" is a tota**" 'ersona* 'henomenon0 !ased on that 'erson,s
needs0 -ants0 (a*ues0 and 'ersona* e5'eriences. Thus0 to the mar+eter0 consumers, 'erce'tions
are much more im'ortant than their +no-*edge of o!9ecti(e rea*it". /or if one thin+s a!out it0 it,s
not -hat actua**" so is0 !ut -hat consumers thin+ is so0 that affects their actions0 their !u"ing
ha!its0 their *eisure ha!its and so forth. And0 !ecause indi(idua*s ma+e decisions and ta+e actions
!ased on -hat the" 'ercei(e to !e rea*it"0 it is im'ortant that mar+eters understand the -ho*e
notion of 'erce'tion and its re*ated conce'ts to more readi*" determine -hat factors inf*uence
consumers to !u". efore the introduction of *o-&ca*orie !eer0 consumers had no 'reconcei(ed
(ie- of the 'roduct. ecause Mi**er understood the !eha(ior of !eer drin+er0 it 'ro(ided the
com'an" -ith a -a" to inter'ret the ne- offering in a manner congruent -ith their needs0 -hich
$a!*inger,s fai*ed to do ear*ier for the same 'roduct.
The 's"cho*ogica* and 'h"sio*ogica* !ases of human 'erce'tion and discusses the
'rinci'*es that inf*uence our 'erce'tion and inter'retation of the -or*d -e see. 1no-*edge of
these 'rinci'*es ena!*es astute mar+eters to de(e*o' ad(ertisements that ha(e a !etter&than&
a(erage chance of !eing seen and remem!ered !" their target consumers.
7onsumer,s se*ection of stimu*i from the en(ironment is !ased on the interaction of their
e5'ectations and moti(es -ith the stimu*us itse*f. The 'rinci'*es of se*ecti(e 'erce'tion inc*ude
the fo**o-ing conce'ts6 se*ecti(e e5'osure0 se*ecti(e attention0 'erce'tua* defense0 and
'erce'tua* !*oc+ing. Peo'*e usua**" 'ercei(e things the" need or -ant and !*oc+ the 'erce'tion
of unnecessar"0 unfa(ora!*e0 or 'ainfu* stimu*i.
##
A consumer,s !u"ing !eha(ior refers to the res'onse and reaction of the u*timate
consumer to (arious situations in(o*(ed in 'urchasing and using (arious goods and ser(ices.
$enera**"0 consumers !u" 'roducts0 -hich are ca'a!*e of satisf"ing their needs. Thus a 'roduct
is an"thing that is offered to a mar+et and is ca'a!*e of satisf"ing the needs of the customer.
According to consumer 'erce'ti(e 'roducts are di(ided into the fo**o-ing -a"s6 &
aH Tangi!i*it"
!H Dura!i*it"
cH A(ai*a!i*it"
De'ending on the *e(e* of a(ai*a!i*it" e5'ected !" the customers0 'roducts can !e 'ut in
three categories6 &
aH 7on(enience 'roducts
!H Sho''ing 'roducts
cH S'ecia*t" 'roducts
The (o*ume of goods and ser(ices that a consumer !u"s de'ends on his reFuirements and his
-i**ingness and a!i*it" to 'roducts. Thus0 the (o*ume of !usiness in a 'articu*ar mar+et de'ends
on the fo**o-ing6 &
aH 7onsumer 'o'u*ation
!H 7onsumer reFuirements
cH 7onsumer 'otentia*
The decision ma+ing 'rocess of the customer ta+es '*ace in si5 ste's6 &
Stimu*us
Pro!*em a-areness
Information search
E(a*uation of a*ternati(es
Purchase
Post 'urchase !eha(ior
Ehene(er a customer 'urchases a 'roduct0 he goes through a 'rocess of decision&ma+ing.
%e ma" or ma" not go through a** the si5 ste's mentioned a!o(e in the decision&ma+ing 'rocess.
C#,-!N9 -&#FI$%
#)
&eligare Securities $t).
Re*igare Securities >td is a Ran!a5" 'romoter grou' com'an"0 is one of India,s *argest and
fastest gro-ing integrated financia* ser(ices institutions. The com'an" offers a *arge and di(erse
!ouFuet of ser(ices ranging from eFuities0 commodities0 insurance !ro+ing0 to -ea*th ad(isor"0
'ortfo*io management ser(ices0 'ersona* finance ser(ices0 In(estment !an+ing and institutiona*
!ro+ing ser(ices. The ser(ices are !road*" c*u!!ed across three +e" !usiness (ertica*s& Retai*0
Eea*th management and the Institutiona* s'ectrum. Re*igare Enter'rises >imited is the ho*ding
com'an" for a** its !usinesses0 structured and !eing o'erated through (arious su!sidiaries.
Re*igare,s retai* net-or+ s'reads across the *ength and !readth of the countr" -ith its
'resence through more than =33 *ocations across more than 433 cities and to-ns. %a(ing s'read
itse*f fair*" -e** across the countr" and -ith the 'romise of not resting on its *aure*s0 it has a*so
aggressi(e*" started e"eing g*o!a* geogra'hies.
8ision
To !ui*d Re*igare as a g*o!a**" trusted !rand in the financia* ser(ices domain and 'resent it
as the IIn(estment $ate-a" of India,
,ission
Pro(iding financia* care dri(en !" the core (a*ues of di*igence and trans'arenc".
Bran) %ssence
Re*igare is dri(en !" ethica* and d"namic 'rocesses for -ea*th creation
Re*igare Enter'rises >imited GRE>H0 is one of the *eading integrated financia* ser(ices grou's of
India. The com'an" offers a di(erse !ouFuet of ser(ices ranging from eFuities0 commodities 0
insurance !ro+ing to -ea*th management0 'ortfo*io management ser(ices0 'ersona* financia*
ser(ices0 in(estment !an+ing and institutiona* !ro+ing ser(ices. The ser(ices are !road*" c*u!!ed
across three +e" !usiness (ertica*s& Retai*0 Eea*th management and the Institutiona* s'ectrum.
Re*igare Enter'rises >imited is the ho*ding com'an" for a** its !usinesses0 structured and !eing
o'erated through (arious su!sidiaries.
In)ustry
:
Finance 5 General
BS%
Co)e :
</04<
Book
Closure :
/=0/=/000
#4
Group :
&eligare
NS%
Co)e :
&%$IG!&%
,arket
Cap :
&s. /2>7?.@ Cr.
ISIN
No :
IN%@/4+04040
,arket
$ot :
4
Face
8alue :
&s. 40.00
Registered & Corporate Office Registrar & Sare Transfer Agent
19, Nehru Place, New Delhi, Delhi - 110019
Tel ! 30815100, 66552200,
"a# ! 30815288,
E$ail ! info@religare.in
We%site! www.religare.in
Karv !o"#u$er%hare Priva$e &$'
Plo$ No. 1(-2),
*i$$al +ao Nagar,
,a'ha#ur
-'era.a' - 500086, /n'hra Pra'e%h.
Tel ! 1-800-3)5)001
Ke& Officials
Na$e Designation
,alvin'er ,ohan 0ingh
0unil 1o'hwani
+avi 2a$ra
Non 34ecu$ive !hair"an
,anaging Direc$or 5 !36
*ice Pre%i'en$ 5 !o"#an 0ecre$ar
Oter Details
Listings Incorporation '(%lic Iss(e Date
)SE * NSE +,-,.-./01 2/-.,-2,,3
Re*igare Enter'rises >imited GRE>H0 is one of the *eading integrated financia* ser(ices
grou's of India. RE>Js !usinesses are !road*" c*u!!ed across three +e" (ertica*s0 the Retai*0
Institutiona* and Eea*th s'ectrums0 catering to a di(erse and -ide !ase of c*ients.
The (ision is to !ui*d Re*igare as a g*o!a**" trusted !rand in the financia* ser(ices domain
and 'resent it as the JIn(estment $ate-a" of IndiaJ. A** em'*o"ees of the grou' guided !" an
#8
e5'erienced and 'rofessiona* management team are committed to 'ro(iding financia* care0
!ac+ed !" the core (a*ues of di*igence and trans'arenc".
RE> offers a mu*titude of in(estment o'tions and a di(erse !ouFuet of financia* ser(ices
-ith its 'an India reach in more than #::3 *ocations across more than 8B3 cities and to-ns. RE>
a*so current*" o'erates from #3 countries g*o!a**" fo**o-ing its acFuisition of >ondonJs o*dest
!ro+erage K in(estment firm0 %ichens0 %arrison K 7o. '*c.
Eith a (ie- to e5'and0 di(ersif" and introduce offerings !enchmar+ed against g*o!a* !est
'ractices0 Re*igare o'erates its >ife Insurance !usiness in 'artnershi' -ith the g*o!a* ma9or
Aegon. /or its -ea*th management !usiness0 Re*igare has 'artnered -ith Austra*ia !ased
financia* ser(ices ma9or&MacFuarie. Re*igare has a*so 'artnered -ith Cistaar Entertainment to
*aunch IndiaJs first SEI a''ro(ed /i*m /und offering a uniFue a*ternati(e asset c*ass of
in(estments.
S7#" !N!$9SIS #F &%$IG!&%
S"&%NG"+S
It is the Ran!a5" 'romoter grou' com'an".
It has a good research team.
No Annua* maintenance charges for their on*ine !ro+ing ser(ices.
7%!KN%SS%S
It has changed its name from /ORTIS to RE>I$ARE -here the ma5imum

#:
7ustomers don,t +no- a!out this.
#--#&"UNI"I%S
/inancia* ser(ices sector in India is gro-ing !" *ea's and !ounds.
In the u' coming da"s RE>I$ARE is coming u' -ith their o-n mutua* fund and
an+ing.
"+&%!"S
7ut&throat com'etition from cor'orate !ig houses *i+e Re*iance and I7I7I
As the" ha(e changed the name of their com'an" the customer sti** did not +no- a!out
RE>I$ARE.
Services ren)ere) 'y religare securities lt):
#B
Institutional Distribution
Services
Depository
Services

Commodities
Broking
Services

International
Equity &
Commodities
Wealth
Management
Services
Investment
Banking
Internet
rading
!rivate Equity
Insurance Broking
"ending Services
Equity & Derivative
rading
%AUI"9 !N3 3%&I8!"I8% "&!3ING:
The term eFuit" deri(ati(e descri!es a c*ass of financia* instruments -hose (a*ue is at *east
'art*" deri(ed from one or more under*"ing eFuit" securities. Mar+et 'artici'ants trade eFuit"
deri(ati(es in order to transfer or transform certain ris+s associated the under*"ing. O'tions are
!" far the most common eFuit" deri(ati(e0 ho-e(er there are man" other t"'es of eFuit"
deri(ati(es that are acti(e*" traded.
INS"I"U"I#N!$ 3IS"&IBU"#N S%&8IC%
The 7*ient Ser(ice Manager -i** !e res'onsi!*e for a** as'ects of c*ient re'orting for institutiona*
in(estment c*ients and industr" organiDations. The candidate -i** a*so !e res'onsi!*e for c*ient
ser(icing -hich inc*udes -or+ing -ith c*ients0 interna* grou's and U1 !ased 'ortfo*io
management.
3%-#SI"#&9 S%&8IC%S
De'ositor" is an organisation -hich ho*ds "our securities in e*ectronic Ga*so +no-n as I!oo+
entr",H form0 in the same manner as a !an+ ho*ds "our mone". /urther0 a de'ositor" a*so
transfers "our securities -ithout actua**" hand*ing securities0 in the same da" as a !an+ transfers
funds -ithout actua**" hand*ing cash.

C#,,#3I"I%S B&#KING S%&8IC%S
7ommodit" ro+ing Ser(ices s'ecia*ises in offering on*ine accounts to c*ients -ishing to dea* in
the /oreign E5change0 u**ion0 /utures0 7ommodities0 7/Ds and Internationa*<Domestic
EFuities mar+ets a** from the one account. 7ommodit" ro+ing Ser(ices s'ecia*iDe in offering
commodit" 'rice ris+ management to agricu*tura* 'roducers and end users.
7%!$"+ ,!N!G%,%N" S%&8IC%S
Eea*th management ser(ices are 'ro(ided !" !an+s0 'rofessiona* trust com'anies0 and
!ro+erages. /or those -ith siDea!*e assets Lusua**" o(er M:330333N0 'rofessiona* -ea*th
management can he*' "ou '*an "our estate or in(est "our assets !ased on 'ersona* criteria and
financia* goa*s.
IN8%S",%N" B!NKING
In(estment an+ing is facing a strang*e of cha**enges toda" *o-er margins0 com'*iance issues0
-or+f*o- disconnects and data redundancies. In(estment !an+s need a 'artner -ho can -or+ in
mar+et&time to address a** these !usiness cha**enges.
INSU&!NC% B&#KING
The term Insurance ro+er !ecame a regu*ated term under the Insurance ro+ers GRegistrationH
Act #=22-hich -as designed to th-art the !ogus 'ractices of firms ho*ding themse*(es as
!ro+ers !ut in fact acting as re'resentati(e of one or more fa(oured insurance com'anies.
Insurance !ro+erage is *arge*" associated -ith genera* insurance Gcar0 house etc.H rather than *ife
insurance0 a*though some !ro+ers continued to 'ro(ide in(estment and *ife insurance !ro+erage
unti* the onset of more onerous /inancia* Ser(ices Authorit" regu*ation in )33#. Insurance
#2
!ro+ing is carried out toda" !" man" t"'es of organiDations inc*uding traditiona* !ro+erages0
Inde'endent /inancia* Ad(isers GI/AsH and te*e'hone or -e!&!ased firms.
ac+ed !" one of the *argest retai* net-or+s in India -ith its 'resence in more than #::3
*ocations across more than 8B3 cities and to-ns0 Re*igare caters to a *arge num!er of retai*
c*ients !" offering a** 'roducts under one roof through the !ranch net-or+ and on*ine mode.
%*uity "ra)ing
Trading in EFuities -ith Re*igare tru*" em'o-ers "ou for "our in(estment needs. Ee ensure
"ou ha(e a su'er*ati(e trading e5'erience through &
A high*" 'rocess dri(en0 di*igent a''roach
Po-erfu* Research K Ana*"tics and
One of the O!est&in&c*assO dea*ing rooms
Co((o)ities "ra)ing
Re*igare 7ommodities >imited GR7>H0 a -ho**" o-ned su!sidiar" of Re*igare Enter'rises
>imited -as initiated to s'earhead E5change !ased 7ommodit" Trading. As a mem!er of
N7DEP0 M7P and NM7E0 R7>0 'resent in :)= *ocations 'ro(ides o'tions in !oth agri and
non&agri commodities for E5change !ased commodit" trading !ac+ed !" incisi(e dedicated
research.
#nline Invest(ent -ortal
Re*igare On*ine is "our sing*e gate-a" for a** "our financia* needs. No- "ou not 9ust trade
on*ine in EFuities0 7ommodities0 a''*" for IPOs0 in(est in Mutua* /unds0 !u" Insurance0 !ut a*so
get Trade Re-ards each time "ou in(est on*ine -ith our 4B3 degree 'orta*
---.re*igareon*ine.com.
-ersonal Financial Services
Toda"0 more and more 'eo'*e *oo+ u' to -a"s and means -hich can fu*fi** their financia*
as'irations such as Sa(ings0 Retirement '*anning0 Ta5 '*anning K Eea*th '*anning0 etc. A** this
cou'*ed -ith mu*ti'*e and cut throat com'etiti(e offerings ma+es it (er" difficu*t for an
indi(idua* to come to a decision and this *eads to the search of a 'artner -ho can he*' an
#A
indi(idua* understand the com'*e5 in(estment instruments and ma+e the !est use of them to meet
his<her short&term and *ong&term financia* o!9ecti(es.
Consu(er Finance
Re*igareJs 7onsumer /inance !usiness is o'erated through its N/7 arm0 Re*igare /in(est
>imited
Eith the gro-ing o''ortunities of 7onsumer /inance in India0 Re*igareQs 7a'ita* Mar+et K
Non&7a'ita* Mar+et >ending 'roducts offer O*oans for a** "our needsO.
Insurance Solutions
Re*igare -ith one of the *argest retai* net-or+s in the countr" offers a com'*ete range of
insurance so*utions though its #33R su!sidiar" com'an"0 Re*igare Insurance ro+ing >imited
GRI>H. The com'an" ho*ds a com'osite !ro+erJs *icense o'erating in the >ife0 $enera* and
Reinsurance domains.
To 'ro(ide customiDed -ea*th ad(isor" ser(ices to high net -orth indi(idua*s G%NIsH0
Re*igare offers an e5ce'tiona* se*ection of in(estment o''ortunities0 in e(er" asset c*ass. Our
mar+et +no-*edge and formida!*e resources faci*itate -ea*th acce*eration0 di(ersification and
ca'ita* 'reser(ation.
7ealth ,anage(ent
Re*igare o'erates its -ea*th management !usiness in 'artnershi' -ith MacFuarie through the
9oint (enture & Re*igare MacFuarie Eea*th Management >imited Ga :36:3 9oint (entureH. The SC
is a com!ination of strengths & MacFuarieQs strong g*o!a* e5'ertise -ith Re*igareQs strong *oca*
insights.
-ortfolio ,anage(ent Services .-,S1
Re*igare offers PMS to address (ar"ing in(estment 'references. As a focused ser(ice0 PMS
'a"s attention to detai*s0 and 'ortfo*ios are customiDed to suit the uniFue reFuirements of
in(estors.
#=
Re*igare PMS current*" e5tends si5 'ortfo*io management schemes0 (iD MonarFue0 Panther0
Tortoise0 E*e'hant0 7ater'i**ar and >eo. Each scheme is designed +ee'ing in mind the (ar"ing
tastes0 o!9ecti(es and ris+ to*erance of our in(estors
SC+%,%S:
-anther
The Panther 'ortfo*io aims to achie(e higher returns !" ta+ing aggressi(e 'ositions across
sectors and mar+et ca'ita*iDations. It is suita!*e for the %igh ris+ high return. in(estor -ith a
strateg" to in(est across sectors and ta+e ad(antage of (arious mar+et conditions.
"ortoise
The Tortoise 'ortfo*io aims to achie(e gro-th in the 'ortfo*io (a*ue o(er a 'eriod of time !" -a"
of carefu* and 9udicious in(estment in fundamenta**" sound com'anies ha(ing good 'ros'ects.
The scheme is suita!*e for the Medium Ris+ Medium Return. in(estor -ith a strateg" to in(est
in com'anies -hich ha(e consistenc" in earnings0 gro-th and financia* 'erformances.
%lephant
The E*e'hant 'ortfo*io aims to generate stead" returns o(er a *onger 'eriod !" in(esting in
securities se*ected on*" from SE #33 and NSE #33 inde5. This '*an is suita!*e for the >o-
Ris+ >o- Return. in(estor -ith a strateg" to in(est in !*ue chi' com'anies0 as these com'anies
ha(e stead" 'erformance.
Caterpillar
The 7ater'i**ar 'ortfo*io aims to achie(e ca'ita* a''reciation o(er a *ong 'eriod of time !"
in(esting in a di(ersified 'ortfo*io. The in(estment strateg" -ou*d !e to in(est in scri'ts -hich
are 'oised to get a re&rating either !ecause of change in !usiness0 'otentia* fanc" for a 'articu*ar
sector in the coming "ears<months0 !usiness di(ersification *eading to a !etter o'erating
'erformance0 stoc+s in their ear*" stages of an u'turn or for those -hich are in sectors current*"
ignored !" the mar+et.
-riority Client Group Services .-CGS1
Re*igare has structured a dedicated and s'ecia*ist team to cater to the so'histicated
in(estment needs of high&end customers.
The Priorit" 7*ient $rou' !rings in a Omu*ti asset c*assO !ased in(estment a''roach !ac+ed
!" a team of dedicated re*ationshi' managers and !est&in&c*ass dea*ing ca'a!i*ities. It stri(es to
encourage c*ients to thin+ !e"ond eFuities.
)3
!rts Initiative
Toda"Js com'*e5 mar+et structures ha(e s'un art out of the cocoon of mere aestheticism into
a more rooted ro*e as a recogniDed financia* asset0 a deri(ati(e -ith immense 'o-ers of -ea*th
generation0 eFua* to those of an" !ric+ and mortar industr". $i(en this !ase0 it is no- for the
greater 'u!*ic&dri(en organiDations concerned -ith the -e** !eing of art0 to ensure that a** the
di(erse dimensions of art are nurtured and gi(en the right e5'osure0 so that art 'ermeates more
com'*ete*" into the societa* fa!ric and enriches a -ider consciousness.
International !)visory Fun) ,anage(ent Services
In(esting in internationa* mar+ets o'ens a(enues for re*ati(e*" sta!*e in(estments and
di(ersification.
Ee at Re*igare 'ro(ide our c*ients an o''ortunit" to in(est in internationa* eFuities to sca*e
u' in(estment horiDons and to ena!*e them to gain from 'rofits of g*o!a* ma9ors. An asset
a**ocation modu*e is de(e*o'ed !ased on the ris+&return criteria of the in(estor and on countr"
attracti(eness0 sector and industr" strength0 com'an" strengths and g*o!a* trends.
IN3US"&9 -&#FI$%
Financial Services Sector

/inancia* ser(ices are (ita* too*s of machiner" for econom" and the" *u!ricate the -hee*s of
economic de(e*o'ment. In ad(anced nations0 giant economies *i+e USA0U10Sa'an0etc..0.ma9or
'ortion of the nationa* income is accounted from the ser(ices sector and minimum from the
'roduct sector.
Indian econom" has undergone a sea change in its structure0 'o*ic" and regu*ation0 due to
*i!era*iDation and g*o!a*iDation0 since #==#.Mar+ets for ser(ices are no e5ce'tion to this. The
contri!ution of ser(ice sector Ginc*uding financia* ser(ices sectorH for $DP has increased to :#R
in )3340from 4B R in #=A3.The financia* ser(ice sector inc*ude factoring0 merchant !an+ing0
(enture ca'ita* 0etc.
/inancia* ser(ices *i+e !an+ing0 merchant !an+ing0 factoring0 Insurance0 Centure ca'ita* 0act as
(ita* machiner" of an econom". These financia* ser(ices that faci*itate0 financia* transactions of
indi(idua*s and institutiona* ser(ices resu*ting in their resources a**ocation acti(ities through
time. The sector that dea*s -ith such financia* ser(ices is +no-n as financia* ser(ices sector..
)#
Once the econom" crosses the su!sistence *e(e*0 financia* ser(ices !ecome more 'rominent and
im'ortant to that econom". /inancia* ser(ices in current da"s are emerging as a crucia* industr"
-or*d o(er and is termed as a sun rise industr". The ser(ices offered !" this sector not on*" raise
the reFuired funds0 !ut a*so *ead to the efficient management of funds.Toda"0the financia* ser(ice
'roducts0 as turned out to !" financia* ser(ices industr" are inno(ati(e and 'a(ing -a"s for (i(id
o''ortunities for further economic de(e*o'ment.
%(ergence of financial services in)ustry in In)ia
Ser(ices sector industr" has started gaining *arge sca*e momentum since the 'rocess of
*i!era*iDation in #==#.Prior to its contri!ution to $DP -as around 83 R 0!ut since #==) it has
!een gro-n ra'id*" and reached a (a*ue of :# R $DP.7ontri!ution of ser(ice sector to $NP in
ad(anced counties *i+e USA is as high as 2:R.In India man" inno(ati(e financia* 'roducts and
ser(ices *i+e credit cards0ATMs0consumer finance0 (enture financing ha(e !een emerging since
#=A3s And these financia* ser(ices ha(e !ecome an integra* com'onent of Indian financia*
s"stem. This integration is *arge*" attri!uted to the *i!era*iDation of economic 'o*icies and
deregu*ation that *ed to economic changes 0de(e*o'ment and contem'orar" e(o*ution of ca'ita*
mar+et and financia* dis&intermediation.
The far&reaching change in the Indian econom" since *i!era*iDation in the ear*" #==3s ha(e had a
dee' im'act on the Indian financia* sector. The financia* sector has gone through a com'*e5 and
sometimes 'ainfu* 'rocess of restructuring0 ca'ita*iDing on ne- o''ortunities as -e** as
res'onding to ne- 7ha**enges. During the *ast decade0 there has !een a !roadening and
dee'ening of financia* mar+ets. Se(era* ne- instruments and 'roducts ha(e !een introduced.
E5isting sectors ha(e !een o'ened to ne- 'ri(ate '*a"ers. This has gi(en a strong im'etus to the
de(e*o'ment and moderniDation of the financia* sector. Ne- '*a"ers ha(e ado'ted internationa*
!est 'ractices and modern techno*og" to offer a more so'histicated range of financia* ser(ices to
cor'orate and retai* customers. This 'rocess has c*ear*" im'ro(ed the range of financia* ser(ices
and ser(ice 'ro(iders a(ai*a!*e to Indian customers.
The entr" of ne- '*a"ers has *ed to e(en e5isting '*a"ers u'grading their 'roduct offerings and
distri!ution channe*s. This continued to !e -itnessed in )33)&34 across +e" sectors *i+e
commercia* !an+ing and insurance0 -here 'ri(ate '*a"ers achie(ed significant success.
))
These changes ha(e ta+en '*ace against a -ider s"stemic !ac+dro' of easing of contro*s on
interest rates and their rea*ignment -ith mar+et rates0 gradua* reduction in resource 're&em'tion
!" the go(ernment0 re*a5ation of sti'u*ations on concessiona* *ending and remo(a* of access to
concessiona* resources for financia* institutions. O(er the 'ast fe- "ears0 the sector has a*so
-itnessed su!stantia* 'rogress in regu*ation and su'er(ision. /inancia* intermediaries ha(e
gradua**" mo(ed to internationa**" acce'ta!*e norms for income recognition0 asset c*assification0
and 'ro(isioning and ca'ita* adeFuac".
This 'rocess continued in )33)&340 -ith RI announcing guide*ines for ris+&!ased su'er(ision
and conso*idated su'er(ision. Ehi*e maintaining its soft interest rate stance0 RI cautioned
!an+s against ta+ing *arge interest rate ris+s0 and ad(ocated a mo(e to-ards a f*oating rate
interest rate structure. The 'ast decade -as a*so an e(entfu* one for the Indian ca'ita* mar+ets.
Reforms0 'articu*ar*" the esta!*ishment and em'o-erment of securities and E5change oard of
India GSEIH0 mar+et&determined 'rices and a**ocation of resources0 screen&!ased nation&-ide
trading0demateria*isation and e*ectronic transfer of securities0 ro**ing sett*ement and deri(ati(es
trading ha(e great*" im'ro(ed !oth the regu*ator" frame-or+ and efficienc" of trading and
sett*ement.
On account of the su!dued g*o!a* economic conditions and the im'act on the Indian econom" of
the drought conditions 're(ai*ing in the countr"0 )33)&34 -as a su!dued "ear for eFuit" mar+ets.
Des'ite this0 the Nationa* Stoc+ E5change GNSEH and the om!a" Stoc+ E5change GSEH ran+ed
third and si5th res'ecti(e*" among a** e5changes in the -or*d -ith res'ect to the num!er of
transactions. The "ear a*so -itnessed the grant of a''ro(a* for setting u' of a mu*ticommodit"
e5change for trading of (arious commodities.
The USM )A !i**ion Indian financia* sector has gro-n at around #: 'er cent and has dis'*a"ed
sta!i*it" for the *ast se(era* "ears0 e(en -hen other mar+ets in the Asian region -ere facing a
crisis. This sta!i*it" -as ensured through the resi*ience that has !een !ui*t into the s"stem o(er
time. The financia* sector has +e't 'ace -ith the gro-ing needs of cor'orate and other
!orro-ers. an+s0 ca'ita* mar+et 'artici'ants and insurers ha(e de(e*o'ed a -ide range of
'roducts and ser(ices to suit (aried customer reFuirements. The Reser(e an+ of India GRIH has
successfu**" introduced a regime -here interest rates are more in *ine -ith mar+et forces.
)4
/inancia* institutions ha(e com!ated the reduction in interest rates and 'ressure on their margins
!" constant*" inno(ating and targeting attracti(e consumer segments. an+s and trade financiers
ha(e a*so '*a"ed an im'ortant ro*e in 'romoting foreign trade of the countr". %ere -e -i** stud"
the three industries -ith res'ect to India.
Insurance !n) In)ia
The insurance sector in India has !ecome a fu** circ*e from !eing an o'en com'etiti(e mar+et to
nationa*iDation and !ac+ to a *i!era*iDed mar+et again. Tracing the de(e*o'ments in the Indian
insurance sector re(ea*s the 4B3 degree turn -itnessed o(er a 'eriod of a*most t-o centuries.
! 'rief history of the Insurance sector
The !usiness of *ife insurance in India in its e5isting form started in India in the "ear #A#A -ith
the esta!*ishment of the Orienta* >ife Insurance 7om'an" in 7a*cutta. Some of the im'ortant
mi*estones in the *ife insurance !usiness in India are6
404/6 The Indian >ife Assurance 7om'anies Act enacted as the first statute to regu*ate the *ife
insurance !usiness.
40/?6 The Indian Insurance 7om'anies Act enacted to ena!*e the go(ernment to co**ect
statistica* information a!out !oth *ife and non&*ife insurance !usinesses.
40?6 Ear*ier *egis*ation conso*idated and amended to !" the Insurance Act -ith the o!9ecti(e of
'rotecting the interests of the insuring 'u!*ic.
40<@6 )8: Indian and foreign insurers and 'ro(ident societies ta+en o(er !" the centra*
go(ernment and nationa*iDed. >I7 formed !" an Act of Par*iament0 (iD. >I7 Act0 #=:B0 -ith a
ca'ita* contri!ution of Rs. : crore from the $o(ernment of India. The $enera* insurance !usiness
in India0 on the other hand0 can trace its roots to the Triton Insurance 7om'an" >td.0 the first
genera* insurance com'an" esta!*ished in the "ear #A:3 in 7a*cutta !" the ritish.
Some of the im'ortant mi*estones in the genera* insurance !usiness in India are6
40076 The Indian Mercanti*e Insurance >td. set u'0 the first com'an" to transact a** c*asses of
genera* insurance !usiness.
40<76 $enera* Insurance 7ounci*0 a -ing of the Insurance Association of India0 frames a code of
conduct for ensuring fair conduct and sound !usiness 'ractices.
)8
40@?6 The Insurance Act amended to regu*ate in(estments and set minimum so*(enc" margins
and the Tariff Ad(isor" 7ommittee set u'.
407/6 The $enera* Insurance usiness GNationa*iDationH Act0 #=2) nationa*iDed the genera*
insurance !usiness in India -ith effect from #st Sanuar" #=24.
#32 insurers ama*gamated and grou'ed into four com'anies (iD. the Nationa*
Insurance 7om'an" >td.0 the Ne- India Assurance 7om'an" >td.0 the
Orienta* Insurance 7om'an" >td. and the United India Insurance 7om'an"
>td. $I7 incor'orated as a com'an".
Key -layers in insurance Sector of In)ia
Re*iance $enera* Insurance 7om'an" >td
>ife Insurance 7or'oration of India
%D/7 Insurance
1ota+ Mahindra
I7I7I Prudentia*
SI >ife Insurance 7om'an" >td
Orienta* Insurance 7om'an" >td
Nationa* Insurance 7om'an" >td
a9a9 A**ianD >ife Insurance 7om'an" >td
,U"U!$ FUN3S !N3 IN3I!
>et us start the discussion of the 'erformance of mutua* funds in India from the da" the conce't
of mutua* fund too+ !irth in India. The "ear -as #=B4. Unit Trust of India in(ited in(estors or
rather to those -ho !e*ie(ed in sa(ings0 to 'ar+ their mone" in UTI Mutua* /und.
/or 43 "ears it goa*ed -ithout a sing*e second '*a"er. Though the #=AA "ear sa- some ne-
mutua* fund com'anies0 !ut UTI remained in a mono'o*" 'osition.
The 'erformance of mutua* funds in India in the initia* 'hase -as not e(en c*oser to satisfactor"
*e(e*. Peo'*e rare*" understood0 and of course in(esting -as out of Fuestion. ut "es0 some )8
mi**ion shareho*ders -as accustomed -ith guaranteed high returns !" the !eginning of
*i!era*iDation of the industr" in #==). This good record of UTI !ecame mar+eting too* for ne-
entrants. The e5'ectations of in(estors touched the s+" in 'rofita!i*it" factor. %o-e(er0 'eo'*e
-ere mi*es a-a" from the 're'aredness of ris+s factor after the *i!era*iDation.
):
The Assets Under Management of UTI -as Rs. B2!n. !" the end of #=A2. >et me concentrate
a!out the 'erformance of mutua* funds in India through figures. /rom Rs. B2!n. the Assets
Under Management rose to Rs. 823 !n. in March #==4 and the figure had a three times higher
'erformance !" A'ri* )338. It rose as high as Rs.#0:83!n.
The net asset (a*ue GNACH of mutua* funds in India dec*ined -hen stoc+ 'rices started fa**ing in
the "ear #==). Those da"s0 the mar+et regu*ations did not a**o- 'ortfo*io shifts into a*ternati(e
in(estments. There -ere rather no choice a'art from ho*ding the cash or to further continue
in(esting in shares. One more thing to !e noted0 since on*" c*osed&end funds -ere f*oated in the
mar+et0 the in(estors disin(ested !" se**ing at a *oss in the secondar" mar+et.
The 'erformance of mutua* funds in India suffered Fua*itati(e*". The #==) stoc+ mar+et scanda*0
the *osses !" disin(estments and of course the *ac+ of trans'arent ru*es in the -herea!outs
roc+ed confidence among the in(estors. Part*" o-ing to a re*ati(e*" -ea+ stoc+ mar+et
'erformance0 mutua* funds ha(e not "et reco(ered0 -ith funds trading at an a(erage discount of
#3)3 'ercent of their net asset (a*ue.
The su'er(isor" authorit" ado'ted a set of measures to create a trans'arent and com'etiti(e
en(ironment in mutua* funds. Some of them -ere *i+e re*a5ing in(estment restrictions into the
mar+et0 introduction of o'en&ended funds0 and 'a(ing the gate-a" for mutua* funds to *aunch
'ension schemes. The measure -as ta+en to ma+e mutua* funds the +e" instrument for *ong&
term sa(ing. The more the (ariet" offered0 the Fuantitati(e -i** !e in(estors.
At *ast to mention0 as *ong as mutua* fund com'anies are 'erforming -ith *o-er ris+s and higher
'rofita!i*it" -ithin a short s'an of time0 more and more 'eo'*e -i** !e inc*ined to in(est unti*
and un*ess the" are fu**" educated -ith the dos and don,ts of mutua* funds.
Key -layers in ,utual Fun)s Sector in In)ia
AN AMRO Mutua* /und .
ir*a Sun >ife Mutua* /und .
an+ of aroda Mutua* /und GO Mutua* /undH . .
)B
IN$ C"s"a Mutua* /und .
Prudentia* I7I7I Mutua* /und .
Sahara Mutua* /und .
State an+ of India Mutua* /und .
Tata Mutua* /und .
3e(at !ccount !n) In)ia
There are Fuite a fe- institutions that are direct*" and<or indirect*" connected -ith
demateria*iDed o'erations of securities. Understanding the inter&*in+ages and functiona*
res'onsi!i*ities of these institutions -i** he*' us to ha(e correct and ho*istic 'ers'ecti(e a!out
functioning of demateria*iDation. The institutions connected -ith demat o'erations inc*udeT aH
De'ositories0 !H Stoc+ E5changes GSEsH0 cH 7*earing 7or'orations G77sH < 7*earing %ouses
G7%sH0 dH De'ositor" Partici'ants GDPsH0 eH Registrars and Transfer Agents GRTAsH. oth the
de'ositories NSD> and 7DS> are 'rimari*" 'romoted !" the t-o *eading stoc+ e5changes (iD.0
Nationa* Stoc+ E5change of India >td GNSEH and The Stoc+ E5change0 Mum!ai GSEH
res'ecti(e*". esides0 there are man" other institutiona* 'romoters in !oth the de'ositories. oth
are registered as organiDations&for&'rofit and 'rofessiona**" managed. Inter&connecti(it" !et-een
these t-o de'ositories has !een esta!*ished0 thus DPs and in(estors can transfer smooth*" their
shares from one account to another !et-een the de'ositories. Most of the stoc+ e5changes are
connected -ith the de'ositories to 'ro(ide trading in demateria*iDation segment. E(entua**"0 a**
the e5changes -i** !e connected to either of or !oth the de'ositories. Resu*tant*"0 functioning of
e5changes a*tered -ith the commencement of de'ositoriesT shorter trade c"c*es0 neg*igi!*e !ad&
de*i(eries0 immediate transfer of !eneficia* o-nershi' and *o-er transaction costs. An in&de'th
stud" on transaction cost for eFuit" shares in India !" Ra9u G)333H re(ea*ed su!stantia* decrease
in transaction costs and o!ser(ed that the demateria*iDation as one of the im'ortant factor for this
trend.
/unctioning of c*earing cor'orations < c*earing houses materia**" changed after the entr" of
de'ositoriesT reduced man'o-er reFuirements and faster c*earing o'erations. It a*so he*'ed them
)2
to di(ersif" into re*ated !usinesses such as on&*ine stoc+ *ending. De'ositor" 'artici'ants are the
ne- commercia* intermediaries that s'rang u'. The" inter'ose !et-een in(estor and de'ositor".
It can !e stated that the" are the !ac+&!one for the success of demateria*iDation. RTAs faci*itate
demateria*isation and remateria*isation of shares.
,aBor -layers In #nline "ra)ing Brokerage +ouses in In)ia
I7I7I Securities >td.
1ota+ Securities >td.
India !u**s /inancia* Ser(ices >imited
India Info*ine
I>K/S in(estmart >imited
SS1I >td.
Moti*a* Os-a* Securities
Re*igare Securities >td.
$eo9it Securities
%D/7 Securities
#nline "ra)ing: In)ian scenario

In the Indian conte5t 0on*ine trading can !e right*" ca**ed as a recent 'henomenon 0-hich too+
root -ith the change of centur" i.e. A'ri* )3330and e(en ti** da" on*ine trading is not much
'o'u*ar among in(estors for -hich a *ist of factors can !e !*amed. This fact is more c*ear from
the information a(ai*a!*e that -here num!er of stoc+s e5changes in India has gro-n from 2
e5changes in #=8B to tota* )4 e5changes ti** )33:0on*" ) stoc+ e5changes are 'ro(iding on*ine
share trading .Indian stoc+ e5changes ha(e started ado'ting techno*og" !ecause it 'ro(ides the
necessar" im'etus for the organiDation to retain its com'etiti(e edge and ensure time*iness and
satisfaction in customer ser(ice.
)A
Mar4et sare in Online Trading
7!7!7'irec$
508
7n'ia 2ull%
268
6$her%
2)8
7!7!7'irec$
7n'ia 2ull%
6$her%
On*ine trading has gained momentum from 9ust 3.:R of tota* traded (o*umes : ?rs !ac+0
-hich no- account for :R of tota* trading (o*ume of a''ro5imate*" Rs #8333 7r. On Once&
O(er the 'ast t-o "ears 0the (a*ue of a** trades e5ecuted through internet on NSE has gro-n from
*ess than Rs #33 7r in Sune )334 to o(er Rs 233 7r in Sune )33:.On*ine trading is gro-ing !"
#:3 R 'er annum.No- NSE has #3A registered !ro+ers and #.3:4 mi**ion internet trading
su!scri!ers.
%o-e(er main*" : com'anies contro* =3 R of the mar+et in Internet trading.I7I7Idirect.com
has around :3 R mar+et share 0-hereas India u**s ho*d )BR share 0other dominant '*a"ers are
1ota+ securities and Share 1han .I7I7I has !een a!*e to gain its dominant 'resence in Internet
trading !ecause the" ha(e strong connecti(it" of stoc+ trading0demat account0 !an+ account
0etc.I7I7IDirect has recorded B02:0333 registered customers and has !ecome #3
th
*argest on*ine
!ro+er in US -hereas share +han and :'aisa are *oosing their -a".
Toda"0 SE is the -or*d,s num!er # e5change in terms of the num!er of *isted com'anies
and the -or*d,s :th in transaction num!er.
Of the )4 stoc+ e5changes in the India0 om!a" Stoc+ E5change is the *argest0 -ith o(er
B0333 stoc+s *isted. The SE accounts for o(er t-o thirds of the tota* trading (o*ume in the
countr". Esta!*ished in #A2:0 the e5change is a*so the o*dest in Asia. Among the t-ent"&t-o
Stoc+ E5changes recogniDed !" the $o(ernment of India under the Securities 7ontracts
)=
GRegu*ationH Act0 #=:B0 it -as the first one to !e recogniDed and it is the on*" one that had the
'ri(i*ege of getting 'ermanent recognition a!&initio.
Moreo(er0 The SE SENSEP is not on*" scientifica**" designed !ut a*so !ased on g*o!a**"
acce'ted construction and re(ie- methodo*og". The inde5 is -ide*" re'orted in !oth domestic
and internationa* mar+ets through 'rint as -e** as e*ectronic media.
The O/ree&f*oat Mar+et 7a'ita*iDationO methodo*og" of SE inde5 construction is regarded
as an industr",s !est 'ractice g*o!a**". A** ma9or inde5 'ro(iders *i+e MS7I0 /TSE0 STOPP0
SKP and Do- Sones use the /ree&f*oat methodo*og". Due to its -ide acce'tance amongst the
Indian in(estorsT SENSEP is regarded to !e the 'u*se of the Indian stoc+ mar+et.
As the o*dest inde5 in the countr"0 the SENSEP has o(er the "ears !ecome one of the most
'rominent !rands in the countr".
The 'a'er therefore em'hasiDes main*" on SE sense5 and ma9or f*uctuations re*ated to it
from time 'eriod of )33B to )33A. The 'a'er a*so 'ut the *ight on ho- (arious factors such as
inf*ation0 in(estments made through 'artici'ator" notes0 rising crude oi* 'rices0 the su!&'rime
mortgage -oes in US0 concerns o(er a s*o-ing do-n US econom" and !ig ro*e of /oreign
Institutiona* In(estors G/IIsH determines mar+et,s situation and o'erate SENSEP.
S%NS%C:
The SENSEP0 short form of the SE&Sensiti(e Inde50 is a OMar+et 7a'ita*iDation&
EeightedO inde5 of 43 stoc+s re'resenting a sam'*e of *arge0 -e**&esta!*ished and financia**"
sound com'anies.
43
#'Bectives of S%NS%C
To measure mar+et mo(ements
enchmar+ for funds 'erformance
/or inde5 !ased deri(ati(e 'roducts
Calculation of S%NS%C
SENSEP is ca*cu*ated using a OMar+et 7a'ita*iDation&EeightedO methodo*og". As 'er this
methodo*og"0 the *e(e* of inde5 at an" 'oint of time ref*ects the tota* mar+et (a*ue of 43
com'onent stoc+s re*ati(e to a !ase 'eriod. The mar+et ca'ita*iDation of a com'an" is
determined !" mu*ti'*"ing the 'rice of its stoc+ !" the num!er of shares issued !" the com'an".
An inde5 of a set of a com!ined (aria!*es such as 'rice and num!er of shares is common*"
referred as a J7om'osite Inde5J !" statisticians. A sing*e inde5ed num!er is used to re'resent the
resu*ts of this ca*cu*ation in order to ma+e the (a*ue easier to -or+ -ith and trac+ o(er time.
The ca*cu*ation of SENSEP in(o*(es di(iding the tota* mar+et ca'ita*iDation of 43
com'anies in the Inde5 !" a num!er ca**ed the Inde5 Di(isor. The Di(isor is the on*" *in+ to the
origina* !ase 'eriod (a*ue of the SENSEP. It +ee's the Inde5 com'ara!*e o(er time and is the
ad9ustment 'oint for a** Inde5 maintenance ad9ustments.
9ear /00@ at a glance:
In the secondar" mar+et0 the u'trend continued in )33B&32 -ith SE indices c*osing a!o(e
#8333G#803#:H for the first time on Sanuar" 40 )332. After a some-hat du** first ha*f conditions
on the !ourses turned !uo"ant during the *ater 'art of the "ear -ith *arge inf*o-s from /oreign
4#
Institutiona* In(estors G/IIsH and *arger 'artici'ation of domestic in(estors. During )33B0 on a
'oint&to&'oint !asis0 Sense5 rose !" 8B.2R.
The 'ic+u' in the stoc+ indices cou*d !e attri!uted to im'ressi(e gro-th in the 'rofita!i*it" of
Indian cor'orate0 o(era** higher gro-th in the econom"0 and other g*o!a* factors such as
continuation of re*ati(e*" soft interest rates and fa** in the internationa* crude 'rices.
SE Sense5 Gto' 43stoc+sH -hich -as =04=A at end&Decem!er )33: and #304== at end& Ma"
)33B0 after dro''ing to A0=)= on Sune #80 )33B0 reco(ered soon thereafter to rise steadi*" to
#42A2 !" end&Decem!er )33B.
According to the num!er of transactions0 NSE continued to occu'" the third 'osition among the
-or*d,s !iggest e5changes in )33B0 as in the 're(ious three "ears. SE occu'ied the i5
th
'osition
in )33B0 s*i''ing one 'osition from )33:. In terms of *isted com'anies0 the SE ran+s first in the
-or*d.
In terms of (o*ati*it" of -ee+*" returns0 uncertainties as de'icted !" Indian indices -ere higher
than those in outside India such as SKP :33 of United States of America and 1os'i of South
1orea. The Indian indices recorded higher (o*ati*it" on -ee+*" returns during the t-o "ear
'eriod. Sanuar" )33: to Decem!er )33B as com'ared to Sanuar" )338 to Decem!er )33: The
mar+et (a*uation of Indian stoc+s at the end of Decem!er )33B0 -ith the Sense5 trading at a P<E
mu*ti'*e of )).2B and SKP 7NP Nift" at )#.)B0 -as higher than those in most emerging mar+ets
of Asia0 e.g. South 1orea0 Thai*and0 Ma*a"sia and Tai-anT and -as the second highest among
emerging mar+ets. The !etter (a*uation cou*d !e on account of the good fundamenta*s and
e5'ected future gro-th in earnings of Indian cor'orate >iFuidit"0 -hich ser(es as a fue* for the
'rice disco(er" 'rocess0 is one of the main criteria sought !" the in(estor -hi*e in(esting in the
stoc+ mar+et. Mar+et forces of demand and su''*" determine the 'rice of an" securit" at an"
'oint of time. Im'act cost Fuantifies the im'act of a sma** change in such forces on 'rices.
%igher the *iFuidit"0 *o-er the im'act cost.
4)
S%NS%C )uring /00@: (Economic Survey 2007-08)
)33B SE
San ==)3
/e! #3423
Mar ##)A3
44
A'r #)384
Ma" #34==
Sun #3B3=
Su* #3288
Aug ##B==
Se' #)8:8
Oct #)=B)
No( #4B=B
Dec #42A2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
BSE 9920 1037 112 120! 1039 10"0 107! 11"9 12!# 129" 13"9 137
0
2000
!000
"000
000
10000
12000
1!000
1"000
#$is itle
BSE
!n overvieD of year /00@:
During Decem!er )33:0 the greatest demerger of Indian histor" !et-een the Am!anis 'a(ed the
-a" for =333. And the sense5 entered the "ear )33B -ith a =333 U figure. On /e!. #3th )33B0 -e
sa- t-o roaring figures0 !oth sense5 and sachin tendu*+ar crossing 40000 mar+. ut the reason
!ehind roaring sense5 -as not sachin,s records rather it -as ra**ied !" strong FII infloDs an)
ro'ust )ata. The go(ernment forecasted a $DP gro-th of A.#R in current "ear0 -ith
48
manufacturing and the agricu*ture sectors estimated to gro- at =.8R and ).4R res'ecti(e*". The
)4A&'oint ra**" -as contrar" to e5'ectations as it came des'ite negati(e ne-s f*o- a!out a fresh
tuss*e !et-een Am!ani !rothers o(er transfer of o-nershi' of the four com'anies demerged
from erst-hi*e RI>.
Sense5,s surge to 44000 'oints on )#st march )33B -as 'rom'ted !" PM Manmohan Singh,s
announce(ents on Capital !ccount Converti'ility. On Saturda"0 Prime Minister Manmohan
Singh hinted at mo(ing to-ard a free f*oat of the ru'ee and on Tuesda"0 the SE res'onded !"
crossing the ##0333 mar+ in a *ifetime intrada" high. The ne- trading high -as reached )= da"s
after Sense5 entered the e*ite #30333 c*u! on /e!ruar" B. On*" Ni++ei0 %ang Seng and Do-
Sones cou*d !oast of !eing a!o(e #30333 at that time. Since fu** con(erti!i*it" -as e5'ected to
attract more foreign mone" and a*so a**o- *oca* com'anies to ta' foreign de!t mar+ets more
easi*"0 it -as e(ident that the mo(e -i** encourage in(estors and !oost the confidence of the
mar+ets.
RI said it -as constituting a 'ane* to thrash out the contours for fu** con(erti!i*it". A*though
the inde5 *ater ended *o-er -ith in(estors -anting to !oo+ gains0 'artici'ants said it -as e(ident
the mar+ets had sent out a message & that the gro-th stor" of Asia,s third *argest econom" is
intact and that *iFuidit" f*o-s into the !ourses -ou*d continue to remain firm.
After hitting a high of ##03#2.): 'oints in mid&afternoon trade0 Sense5 *ost 4:.=# 'oints to c*ose
at #30=3:.)30 f*uctuating #:4 'oints0 -ith most of the (o*ati*it" coming in the *ast hour of
Trading. The rise in share 'rices -as 'art*" attri!uted to a fa** in oi* 'rice. The US A'ri* crude
oi* 'rices '*unged 4.2R or M).4:0 to sett*e at MB3.8) a !arre*0 on the Ne- ?or+ Mercanti*e
E5change due to am'*e US in(entories.
After fa**ing !" 432 'oints on #)th A'ri* )33B on account of +eavy selling 'y FIIs in !oth cash
and futures mar+ets and a (ove 'y stock eEchanges to raise (argins on share transactions 'y
a'out /<0 'asis points0 the #4#&"ear&o*d SE on Thursda"0 A'ri* )30 )33B crossed "et another
mi*estone -hen it !reached the 4/20005'oint mar+0 !ac+ed !" strong corporate earnings2
higher li*ui)ity an) ro'ust econo(ic groDth. The inde5 -as !eing dri(en !" the strong f*o-
of *iFuidit". Ear*ier0 it -as !ased on the e5'ectations that Gcor'orateH resu*ts -ou*d !e great...and
!" the first fe- com'anies -ere more than matching those e5'ectations A*though0 Sense5 -as
4:
!eaten to the #)0333 mar+ !" (arious g*o!a* indices0 the time it too+ to !reach this mi*estone has
!een one of the fastest. Traders 'oint to the fact that foreign investors2 'uoye) 'y a 'oo(ing
econo(y2 have chosen In)ia as one of their top invest(ent )estinations.
No-0 e(er"thing -as going fine;.'erha's it -as the *u** !efore the storm. Sudden*" the Da*a*
Street e5'erienced its -orst sing*e da" crash on Thursda"0 #Ath ma" )33B as an a('iguous
Govern(ent circular on taEing invest(ent gains pro(pte) foreign fun)s to 'ook profits2
+noc+ing the !ottom off the 9itter" stoc+ mar+et. O'ening a(i)st Deak glo'al (arkets an)
reports of rising US interest rates0 the SE&43 Sense5 -ent on to c*ose A)B.4A. %o-e(er the
Dea*ers said the fa** -as accentuated 'y large5scale selling of client positions 'y 'roking fir(s
)ue to (argin calls or the lack of (argins. The Ma" crash sa- the Sense5 shedding its mar+et
ca'ita*iDation !" as much as #8R in 9ust one month.
enchmar+ stoc+ indices (au*ted to ne- highs on Monda"0 oct 43th )33B dri(en !" a hea)y
cocktail of strong corporate earnings2 a rapi)ly groDing econo(y an) relatively sta'le
cru)e oil prices. The Sense5 ended at its highest c*osing *e(e* of #43)8.)B0 a gain of ##2.8:
'oints or 3.=R. Marauding !u**s defied the -ea+ trend g*o!a**"0 -hich -as sparke) off 'y Deak
US G3- groDth figure0 'ointing to a s*o-do-n.
ac+ home0 the mood -as u'!eat e(en as some e5'ect that the &BI (ay raise interest rates 'y
/< 'asis points in its (i)5ter( cre)it policy on "ues)ay. Mar+et -atchers said sentiment
cou*d !e affected on*" if the hi+e is more than ): !asis 'oints0 -hich is un*i+e*". %igher interest
rates dri(e u' !orro-ing costs for cor'orate as -e** as the retai* consumer0 -ho cou*d then cut
!ac+ on their in(estments and s'ending0 in turn causing a s*ac+ in domestic demand.
The !enchmar+ 43&share sense5 !rief*" crossed the 's"cho*ogica* #80333&mar+ on Tuesda"0
Decem!er :0 )33B. Ehi*e foreign institutional investors have 'een aggressive 'uying stocks
over the past feD (onths2 the response of )o(estic (utual fun)s has 'een guar)e). In the
*ast t-o months a*one0 /IIs !ought net stoc+s -orth Rs #2033# crore -hi*e *oca* mutua* funds
ha(e 'um'ed in a net Rs B4A.32 crore.
9ear /007 at a glance:
4B
In the secondar" mar+et segment0 the mar+et acti(it" e5'anded further during )332&3A -ith SE
and NSE indices sca*ing ne- 'ea+s of )#0333 and B04330 res'ecti(e*"0 in Sanuar" )33A. A*though
the indices sho-ed some intermittent f*uctuations0 ref*ecting change in the mar+et sentiments0 he
indices maintained their north&!ound trend during the "ear. This cou*d !e attri!uted to the *arger
inf*o-s from /oreign Institutiona* In(estors G/IIsH and -ider 'artici'ation of domestic in(estors0
'articu*ar*" the institutiona* in(estors. During )3320 on a 'oint&to&'oint !asis0 Sense5 and Nift"
Indices rose !" 82.# and :8.A 'er cent0 res'ecti(e*". The !uo"ant conditions in the Indian
!ourses -ere aided !"0 among other things0 India 'osting a re*ati(e*" higher $DP gro-th
amongst the emerging economies0 continued u'trend in the 'rofita!i*it" of Indian cor'orate0
'ersistence of difference in domestic and internationa* *e(e*s of interest rates0 im'ressi(e returns
on eFuities and a strong Indian ru'ee on the !ac+ of *arger ca'ita* inf*o-s.
The SE Sense5 Gto' 43 stoc+sH too echoed a simi*ar trend to NSE nift". The se**&off in Indian
!ourses in August )332 cou*d 'art*" !e attri!uted to the concerns on the 'ossi!*e fa**out of the
su!&'rime crisis in the Eest. Ehi*e the c*im! of SE Sense5 during )332& 3A so far -as the
fastest e(er0 the 9ourne" of SE Sense5 from #A0333 to #=0333 mar+ -as achie(ed in 9ust four
trading sessions during Octo!er )332. It further crossed the )30333 mar+ in Decem!er )332 and
)#0333 in an intra&da" trading in Sanuar" )33A. %o-e(er0 SE and NSE indices dec*ined
su!seFuent*" ref*ecting concerns on g*o!a* de(e*o'ments. SE Sense5 "ie*ded a 7om'ounded
return of 4B.: 'er cent 'er "ear !et-een )334 and )332. In terms of sim'*e a(erage0 SE Sense5
has gi(en an annua* return of more than 83 'er cent during the *ast three "ears.
Sense$ during %&&'( (source: Economic Survey 2007-08)
)332 SE
San #83=#
/e! #)=4A
Mar #432)
42
A'r #4A2)
Ma" #8:88
Sun #8B:#
Su* #:::#
Aug #:4#=
Se' #2):#
Oct #=A4A
No( #=4B4
Dec )3)A2
1!091
129313072
1372
1!#!!1!"#1
1###1
1#319
172#1
193
193"3
2027
0
#000
10000
1#000
20000
2#000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
BSE
BSE
SenseE )uring year /00?
After sca*ing ne- heights of )3333U0 sense5 entered "ear )33A -ith ros" 'ictures. The trade
'undits0 !ro+ers and e(en in(estors 'redicted ne- heights for the "ear. And the" fe*t their
'redictions coming true -hen sense5 touched the )#333 mar+ on Ath Sanuar" )33A. It,s
interesting if one sees in terms of f*o-sT the 9ourne" from )30333 to )#0333 is dominated !"
domestic institutiona* in(estorsT /IIs -ere negati(e se**ers0 the" so*d in the cash mar+et to the
4A
tune of USD 8: !i**ion. So if one has to ta+e out some 'ointers from this 9ourne" from )30333 to
)#03330 it is the *ongest 9ourne" -hich -e ha(e seen in the *ast :0333 mar+s0 the midca's and
sma**ca's ha(e !een out'erformers and in terms of f*o-s0 it has !een domestic institutiona*
in(estors -hich ha(e !een rea**" 'utting the mone".
ut the ros" 'icture soon turned g*oom". The s+"roc+eting sense5 sudden*" started heading
south and Sense5 sa- the !iggest a!so*ute fa** in histor"0 shedding )3B) 'oints intra&da". It
c*osed at #20B3:.4:0 do-n #83A.4: 'oints or 2.8 'er cent. It fe** to a *o- of #B0=:#.:3. The fa**
-as triggered as a resu*t of -ea+ness in g*o!a* mar+ets0 !ut the im'act of the g*o!a* rout -as the
!iggest in India. The mar+et tum!*ed on account of a !road !ased se**&off that emerged in g*o!a*
eFuit" mar+ets. /ears o(er the so*(enc" of ma9or Eestern !an+s ratt*ed stoc+s in Asia and
Euro'e.
After the -orst Sanuar" in the *ast )3 "ears for Indian eFuities0 /e!ruar" turned out to !e a f*at
month -ith the SE sense5 do-n 3.8R. India finished the month as the second -orst emerging
mar+et. The under'erformance can 'art*" !e attri!uted to the fact that Indian mar+ets
out'erformed g*o!a* mar+ets in the *ast t-o months of )332and hence -e -ere seeing the *agged
im'act of that out'erformance. In the shorter term0 de(e*o'ments in the US econom" and US
mar+ets continued to dominate in(estor sentiments g*o!a**" and -e sa- (o*ati*it" mo(e u'
shar'*" across most mar+ets.
The om!a" Stoc+ E5change GSEH Sense5 fe** 8.88 'ercent on Monda"0 4#st march the *ast
da" of the financia* Fuarter0 to end the Fuarter of March do-n )).= 'ercent0 its !iggest Fuarter*"
fa** since the Sune #==) Fuarter0 as re'orts of rising inf*ation and g*o!a* economic s*o-do-n
dam'ened mar+et sentiments. /inancia* stoc+s *ed the Sense5 s*ide a*ong -ith IT. According to
mar+et ana*"sts0 IT stoc+s fe** on -orries a!out the hea*th of the US econom". Indian IT firms
de'end on the US c*ients for a ma9or share of their re(enues.
&easons for the sloD)oDn .F9 0?5001
The first month of the financia* "ear 3A&3= 'ro(ed to !e a good one for in(estors -ith the month
ending on a 'ositi(e note. The SE sense5 sho-ed a gain of #3.:R to c*ose at #2)A2 'oints. A
com!ination of firming g*o!a* mar+ets and technica* factors *i+e short co(ering -ere the main
reasons for the u' mo(e in the mar+ets. Though inf*ation touched a high of 2.:2R against B.BAR
4=
in march )33A as a resu*t RI hi+ed 7RR !" :3 !'s to ta+e the figure to AR0 sti** emergence of
retai* in(estors -as a*so seenT a fact reinforced !" the strong mo(ement in the mid&ca' and
sma**& ca' inde5 that rose #BR and #AR res'ecti(e*".
So A'ri* -as the *ast month to c*ose 'ositi(e. Then after no!od" sa- a sta!*e sense5 e(en.
Sometimes it surged !" B33U 'oints0 !ut (er" ne5t da" it '*unged !" some A33 odd 'oints and
this stor" is sti** continuing. E(er" 'rediction0 e(er" forecasting has fai*ed. The sense5 is dancing
on the music of *ifetime high inf*ation rates0 historic crude 'rices0 tightening RI 'o*icies0 -ea+
industria* 'roduction data0 'o*itica* uncertainties and o!(ious*" the sentiments of domestic as
-e** as /IIs. The on*" re*ief came in the form of -ea+ening Indian ru'ees -hich en*ightened the
IT sector and most recent*" the UPA gaining (ote of confidence. Present*" it is re(o*(ing around
the figures of #8333 and no one +no-s -hat ne5tV
The 43&share SE Sense5 fe** ##2.A= 'oints or 3.B2R at #20424.3# on Tuesda"0 B Ma" )33A.
The +e" !enchmar+ indices ended *o-er as in(estors resorted to 'rofit !oo+ing due to *ac+ of
'ositi(e triggers in the mar+et. On 43th Ma" an imminent hi+e in domestic retai* fue* 'rices due
to soaring crude oi* 'rices -eighed on the mar+et *ast -ee+. /oreign institutiona* in(estors so*d
c*ose to Rs ))38 crore in the first three trading sessions of the -ee+ -hich accentuated the
do-nfa**. %o-e(er !etter than e5'ected @8 gross domestic 'roduct figures 'ro(ided some re*ief
to the !ourses on /rida". IT stoc+s gained on s*i''ing ru'ee. SE Sense5 rose in t-o out of fi(e
trading sessions. In Ma"0 Indian inf*ation stood at A.)R.
The mar+et dec*ined shar'*" as a hi+e in fue* 'rices !" a!out #3R announced !" the Union
go(ernment on Eednesda"0 8 Sune )33A0 triggered 'ossi!i*it" of a surge in inf*ation to dou!*e
digit *e(e*. The SE Sense5 dec*ined A84.4= 'oints or :.#8R to #:0:2).#A in the -ee+ ended B
Sune )33A. The SKP 7NP Nift" fe** )8).4 'oints or 8.=2R to 8B)2.A3 in the -ee+.
On B Sune )33A0 *oca* !enchmar+ indices under'erformed their g*o!a* 'eers0 hit !" rumours that
the Reser(e an+ of India GRIH ma" hi+e cash reser(e ratio G7RRH or interest rate *ater in the
da" to tame runa-a" inf*ation. The 43&share SE Sense5 dec*ined #=2.:8 'oints or #.):R to
sett*e at #:0:2).#A.
On =
th
Sune )33A0 om!a",s Sense5 inde5 c*osed :3B.3A 'oints do-n at #:03BB.#30 ha(ing
ear*ier fa**en 8.8R and s*i''ed !e*o- #:0333 for the first time since March. Oi* 'rices surged to
record *e(e*s2 fanning fears that the" -i** +ee' c*im!ing and hurt -or*d gro-th.
83
7entra* !an+s across the g*o!e -arned that interest rates ma" ha(e to rise as the" *oo+ to +ee'
inf*ation under contro*0 des'ite the fact that economic gro-th is s*o-ing in +e" nations such as
the US and U1.
On the -ee+ ending )2th Sune )33A Sense5 dec*ined 2B=.32 'oints or :.)AR to #40A3).)). The
SKP 7NP Nift" *ost )#3.=3 'oints or 8.A:R to 8#4B.B: in the -ee+. EFuities e5tended *osses for
the fifth straight da" on )8 Sune )33A -ith the !arometer inde5 SE Sense5 fa**ing !e*o- the
's"cho*ogica**" im'ortant #80333 mar+ for the first time in #3 months since *ate August )332.
On ): Sune )33A0 eFuities staged a so*id re!ound after touching fresh ca*endar )33A *o-s in
ear*" trade. The initia* 9o*t -as caused !" the Reser(e an+ of IndiaJs mo(e to hi+e the +e"
*ending rate. A set!ac+ to stoc+s in Asia and US0 shar' s'urt in crude oi* 'rices and 'o*itica*
uncertaint" due to Indo&US nuc*ear dea* ratt*ed !ourses on )2 Sune )33A.
On Su*" #:th )33A0 Indian shares fe** 8.= 'er cent to their *o-est c*ose in #: months0 9oining a
-or*d eFuities rout as in(estors dum'ed financia*s on concerns a!out the fa**out from -orsening
g*o!a* credit turmoi*. A*though Indian !an+s ha(e no direct e5'osure to the US su!'rime
mortgage sector0 the g*o!a* financia* sector turmoi* im'acts sentiment in the *oca* mar+et and
raises -orries of more -ithdra-a*s !" foreign funds.
An A33U 'oint surge -as e5'erienced in the mar+et on the da" fo**o-ing UPA gaining (ote of
confidence !ut the (er" ne5t da" mar+et cou*dn,t maintain the momentum and since then its in a
do*drums, 'osition.
Present*"0 -e can sa- mar+et '*unging after the RI announced further hi+es in Re'o rate as
-e** as 7RR !oth increased to =R. A*so0 the seria* !*asts at Ahmada!ad and anga*ore adding to
the -orries and enhancing the negati(e sentiments. And a!o(e a** -e canJt see an" 'ositi(e
trigger that can di*ute the f*o- of negati(e ne-s.
Current Situation of year /00?
Eith ma9or financia* crisis eru'ting in the U.S.0 Indian Stoc+ Mar+et !enchmar+ inde5 GSense5H
fe** !" 8B=.:8 'oints or 4.4: 'er cent on Monda" to c*ose at #4:4#.)2. Rea*t" stoc+s *ed the fa**
-ith a *oss of 2.B: 'er cent.
8#
The Nationa* stoc+ e5change0 the NSE Nift" *ost #::.:: 'oints or 4.BA 'er cent. A** sectora*
indices c*osed in the negati(e territor".
An e(entfu* -ee+ of turmoi* has !egun in the g*o!a* financia* scenario as stoc+ 'rices '*unged
across much of the g*o!e on ne-s that in(estment !an+ers0 >ehman rothers %o*dings fi*ed for
!an+ru'tc" and Merri** >"nch K 7o,s forced sa*e to an+ of America.
E(en American Internationa* $rou' GAI$H0 the -or*d,s *argest insurance com'an"0 as+ed the
U.S. /edera* Reser(e for an emergenc" funding !efore announcing a ma9or restructuring '*an.
The in(estments in Indian firms !" these U.S. in(estment !an+ers are a ma9or -orr" for Indian
in(estors. In(estor confidence is at its *o-est e!!. In(estors are -orried that a** these are *i+e*" to
trigger another round of trou!*es for !an+s and financia* institutions around the g*o!e. Si5
months ago0 in March0 ear Stearns0 the fifth !iggest U.S. in(estment !an+0 -itnessed a fu**
circ*e !efore its fa** and se**&off to SP Morgan 7hase K 7o for a roc+ !ottom 'rice of M) 'er
share.
&%8I%7 #F $I"%&!"U&%
A stud" of fund se*ection !eha(ior of indi(idua* in(estors to-ards mutua* funds & -ith
reference to Mum!ai cit"..
Ms. 1a(itha Ranganathan GM.Phi* 7ommerceH0 Madurai 1amara9 Uni(ersit"
Sadha+0 %.0 Mutua* /unds in India Mar+eting Strategies and In(estment Practices0 Res'onse
oo+s0 Ne- De*hi0#==20 B4 B8.
SEI N7AER0 Sur(e" of Indian In(estors0 SEI0 Mum!ai0 )333.
8)
!'stract
7onsumer !eha(ior from the mar+eting -or*d and financia* economics has !rought
together to the surface an e5citing area for stud" and research6 !eha(iora* finance. The
rea*iDation that this is a serious su!9ect is0 ho-e(er0 !are*" da-ning. Ana*"sts seem to treat
financia* mar+ets as an aggregate of statistica* o!ser(ations0 technica* and fundamenta* ana*"sis.
A rich (ie- of research -aits this so'histicated understanding of ho- financia* mar+ets are a*so
affected !" the Ifinancia* !eha(ior, of in(estors. Eith the reforms of industria* 'o*ic"0 'u!*ic
sector0 financia* sector and the man" de(e*o'ments in the Indian mone" mar+et and ca'ita*
mar+et0 Mutua* /unds -hich has !ecome an im'ortant 'orta* for the sma** in(estors0 is a*so
inf*uenced !" their financia* !eha(ior. %ence0 this stud" has made an attem't to e5amine the
re*ated as'ects of the fund se*ection !eha(ior of indi(idua* in(estors to-ards Mutua* funds0 in
the cit" of Mum!ai. /rom the researchers and academicians 'oint of (ie-0 such a stud" -i** he*'
in de(e*o'ing and e5'anding +no-*edge in this fie*d.
In(estment Strategies in Indian Stoc+ Mar+et
Author6
Dr. Canita Tri'athi
Senior >ecturer
De'artment of commerce
De*hi Schoo* of Economics
Uni(ersit" of De*hi.
asu0 San9o".#=22.In(estment Performance of 7ommon Stoc+s in Re*ation to their Price&
Earnings Ratios6 A Test of Efficient Mar+et %"'othesis0 Sourna* of /inance
!'stract
This 'a'er e5amines the 'erce'tions0 'references and (arious in(estment strategies in
Indian stoc+ mar+et on the !asis of a sur(e" among =4 in(estment ana*"sts0 fund managers and
acti(e eFuit" in(estors !ased at De*hi and Mum!ai during Ma"&Octo!er0 )332. Sur(e" findings
re(ea* that in(estors use !oth fundamenta* as -e** as technica* ana*"sis -hi*e in(esting in Indian
stoc+ mar+et. Most of the res'ondents strong*" agree that (arious com'an" fundamenta*s G such
as siDe0 !oo+ to mar+et eFuit"0 'rice earnings ratio0 *e(erage etc.H significant*" inf*uence stoc+
'rices and hence addition of these factors in asset 'ricing mode* can !etter e5'*ain cross
84
sectiona* (ariations in eFuit" returns in India. /i(e most -ide*" used in(estment strategies in
Indian eFuit" mar+et are siDe !ased strategies0 momentum strategies0 fo**o-ing /IIs in(estment
!eha(iour0 !u"ing stoc+s on the !asis of 43 da"s mo(ing a(erage and !u"ing stoc+s on the !asis
of re*ati(e strength inde5. There has !een su!stantia* change in in(estment strategies used !"
acti(e in(estors in Indian stoc+ mar+et o(er the 'ast fi(e "ears. In a nutshe** there has !een a
shift from 'ure*" technica* ana*"sis !ased strategies to the one -hich in(o*(es !oth fundamenta*
and technica* ana*"sis. Moreo(er the in(estment horiDon of in(estors has a*so reduced due to
higher (o*ati*it".
/oreign Direct In(estment from 7hina0 India and South Africa in su!&Saharan Africa6 A Ne- or
O*d PhenomenonV
Sohn %en*e"0 Stefan 1ratDsch0 Mithat 1W*Wr0 and Tamer Tandogan0 SE> c*assification6 D)#0 /)40
M#B0 O::0 UNU&EIDER 'ro9ect on Southern Engines of $*o!a* $ro-th0 ISSN #A#3&)B##
ISN =2A&=)&=)43&323&A0 March )33A.
Ee**s0 >. T. G#=A4H. Third Eor*d Mu*tinationa*6 the Rise of /oreign In(estment from
De(e*o'ing 7ountries. 7am!ridge0 MA6 MIT Press.
88
!'stract:5
The !urgeoning *iterature on out-ard foreign direct in(estment from emerging mar+ets has
*arge*" focused on ana*"sing the moti(es of in(estors as re'orted !" 'arent com'anies.
This 'a'er0 instead0 focuses on firm&*e(e* in(estments originating from 7hina0 India or
South Africa in fifteen host countries in su!&Saharan Africa GSSAH. The ana*"sis is !ased
on a su!&set of firms dra-n from the o(era** sam'*e of #0)#B foreign&o-ned firms
'artici'ating in the UNIDO Africa /oreign In(estor Sur(e"0 carried out in )33:. The
sam'*e of in(estments originating from 7hina0 India and South Africa is ana*"sed in
terms of firm characteristics0 'ast and forecast 'erformance in SSA o(er three "ears and
management,s 'erce'tion of ongoing !usiness conditions. 7om'arisons are made -ith
foreign in(estors from the North. The 'a'er conc*udes that -hi*e in(estors in SSA from
the three countries are 'rimari*" using their in(estment to target s'ecific mar+ets0 the" are
*arge*" o'erating in different su!&sectors. Ehi*e there a''ear to !e s'ecific features that
firms from a gi(en countr" of origin share0 there are no o!(ious o'erating&*e(e* features
the" a** share a'art from mar+et see+ing. Acti(e in(estment manager 'ortfo*ios and
'references for stoc+ characteristics. Schoo* of an+ing and /inance0 The Uni(ersit" of
Ne- South Ea*es0 1ensington0 N.S.E. )3:)
Securities Industr" Research 7entre of Asia&Pacific GSIR7AH Simone rands0 Da(id R.
$a**agher0 Adrian >ooi
A!stract
This 'a'er in(estigates the stoc+ characteristic 'references of acti(e Austra*ian eFuit"
managers. Ee e5amine the fo**o-ing characteristics6 stoc+ 'rice (ariance0 momentum0 siDe0
transaction costs0 earnings "ie*d0 ana*"st co(erage and the standard de(iation of ana*"st forecasts.
In aggregate -e find that acti(e managers e5hi!it 'references for stoc+s e5hi!iting high 'rice
(ariance0 *arge mar+et ca'ita*iDation0 *o- transaction costs0 (a*ue&oriented stoc+s0 greater *e(e*s
of ana*"st co(erage0 and stoc+s -ith *ess (aria!i*it" in ana*"st earnings forecasts. The stud" a*so
recogniDes the im'ortance of trac+ing error in 'ortfo*io management !" e5amining stoc+
'references -ith res'ect to !oth sma** and *arge stoc+s. Ee find e(idence of momentum trading
in *arge stoc+s0 and higher (o*ati*it" and -ider ana*"st co(erage amongst sma** stoc+s. Acti(e
managers are a*so e(a*uated on the !asis of siDe and in(estment st"*e. Sma** in(estment
8:
managers e5hi!it a 'reference for stoc+s -ith higher (o*ati*it" and ana*"st co(erage Ginc*uding
consensus of forecastsH. /ina**" -e find e(idence of an industr" effect0 -here $I7S
c*assifications ha(e an im'ortant im'act on the stoc+ho*dings of Austra*ian institutiona*
in(estment managers.
8B
3!"! !N!$9SIS
%o- do "ou come to +no- a!out the 7om'an" Re*igareV
"a'le: 4
Source of information No of 7ustomers
usiness MagaDines 4B
/riends )A
E*ectronic Media )3
Other sources #B
Chart54


Inference: It is o!ser(ed that 4BR of Re*igare customers are coming to +no- a!out Re*igare
through !usiness magaDines. )AR in(estors are getting Re*igare information through friends
-hich is the ne5t !iggest source of information for the in(estors.
82
"a'le5/
%a(e "ou e(er in(ested in stoc+ mar+etsV
Res'onse No of in(estors
?es 2A
No ))
Chart5/
Inference: 2AR of the Re*igare customers are a*read" in(ested in stoc+ mar+ets either direct*"
through shares or indirect*" through mutua* funds. ut the remaining ))R are in(ested in
insurance 'o*icies.
8A
"a'le5
In(estors moti(ating factors to in(est in stoc+ mar+ets
Moti(ating factors No of in(estors moti(ated
%igh returns :)
Ta5 !enefits 42
An" other factors ##
Chart F
Inference: It -as found that :)R of the customers are moti(ated !" the high returns that the"
can gain !" in(esting in shares. 42R of the customers are in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets !ecause
the" -ant ta5 e5em'tions in the form of *ong term ca'ita* gains.
8=
"a'le5>
Ta!*e sho-ing the in(estors o!9ecti(es of in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets
O!9ecti(e No of in(estors
Regu*ar income ))
7a'ita* a''reciation 8:
Ta5 sa(ings )8
An" other o!9ecti(e =
Chart5 >
Inference: It -as found that ))R of the in(estors are in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets !ecause the"
-ant regu*ar income in the form of di(idends. 8:Rof the in(estors are 'referring ca'ita*
a''reciation rather than short term regu*ar income. And remaining in(estors ha(e (arious
considerations *i+e ta5 !enefits.
"a'le5<
Ta!*e sho-ing customers 'erce'tion of reasons for !earish mar+et conditions.
:3
Reasons for !earish mar+et No of in(estors
Inf*ation =
Su!&'rime crisis )4
Rise in crude oi* 'rices 2
A** the a!o(e B#
Chart F<
Inference: B#R of the in(estors are o'ined that inf*ation0 su!&'rime crisis and crude oi* 'rices
are the main reasons for the current !earish mar+et conditions. Cer" fe- 'eo'*e said that the"
are indi(idua**" res'onsi!*e for the 'resent situation.
"a'le5@
In(estors res'onse regarding negati(e effect of recession on in(estors in(estment decisions.
In(estors res'onse No of in(estors
?es 2)
:#
No 3
7an,t sa" )A
Chart F@
Inference: it -as found that 2)R of the in(estors o'ined as 'resent mar+et conditions -i**
ad(erse*" affect the in(estors sentiment in the mar+et. On*" )AR of in(estors re'*ied that
'ositi(e trend in the mar+et -i** !oost in(estors confidence once again.
"a'le57
Ta!*e sho-ing In(estors actions during the recession 'eriod
:)
Actions during recession No of in(estors
7hanges to 'ortfo*io )B
Ta+ing e5'erts ad(ice 44
7om'*ete dis'osa* of eFuit" )2
Other changes #8
Chart57
Inference: It is o!ser(ed that 44R of the in(estors are a''roached financia* ad(isers to ta+e
their (a*ua!*e suggestions to minimiDe the ris+. )BR of the in(estors made changes to their
'ortfo*ios. )2R of the in(estors com'*ete*" so*d of eFuit" 'ortion of their 'ortfo*io.
"a'le5?
Ta!*e sho-ing the changes ta+en '*ace in the in(estors 'ortfo*ios
7hanges in 'ortfo*io No of in(estors
Decrease in eFuit" 'ortion 8)
In(esting in de!t securities )8
7om'*ete dis'osa* of eFuit" )2
:4
Other changes 2
Chart5?
Inference: It is o!ser(ed that 8)R of the in(estors ha(e decreased the eFuit" 'ortion of their
'ortfo*ios. )8R of the in(estors are in(esting in de!t instruments rather eFuit".
"a'le50
Ta!*e sho-ing in(estors res'onse a!out ro*e of 'ortfo*io management in minimiDing ris+.
In(estors res'onse No of in(estors
?es :2
No #4
7an,t sa" 43
:8
Chart50
Inference: It is found that :2R of the in(estors o'ined that effecti(e 'ortfo*io management -i**
he*' in minimiDing the tota* ris+ of the 'ortfo*io. #4R of the in(estors said that ris+ -hich is
ca**ed as s"stematic ris+ cannot !e e*iminated through 'ortfo*io management.
"a'le540
Ta!*e sho-ing in(estors res'onse a!out ro*e of financia* e5'erts in ma5imiDing the returns.
Res'onse No of in(estors
?es B)
No #4
To some e5tent ):
::
Chart540
InferenceG B)R of the in(estors agreed that the" got good returns !" ta+ing financia* e5'erts
ad(ises. ):R of the in(estors said that e5'erts ad(ice -i** he*' on*" to some e5tent and *uc+
a*so '*a"s a ro*e in ma5imiDing returns.
"a'le544
Ta!*e sho-ing the ran+s gi(en !" in(estors to Re*igare ser(ices.
Ran+ No of in(estors
# )4
) #A
4 8B
8 ##
: )
Chart544
:B
Inference: )4R of the in(estors ran+ed Re*igare financia* ser(ices as # -hich is sho-ing their
satisfaction as -e** as *ong term re*ationshi's -ith the com'an". ut ma9orit" of the 'eo'*e
ran+ed Re*igare ser(ices as 4.
"a'le54/
Ta!*e sho-ing suggestions gi(en !" in(estors to Re*igare to im'ro(e Fua*it" in their ser(ices.
Suggestions No of in(estors
Pro(iding more Fua*it" information )2
Decrease in ser(ice charges #A
Time*" changes to 'ortfo*io )#
A** the a!o(e 48
Chart54/
:2
Inference: 48R of the customers -ant Re*igare to 'ro(ide them -ith more Fua*it" information0
decrease in ser(ice charges as -e** as the" -ant to ma+e time*" changes to their 'ortfo*io -hich
-i** enhance their returns.
FIN3INGS
The fo**o-ing are the findings of the sur(e".
It is o!ser(ed that 4BR of Re*igare customers are coming to +no- a!out Re*igare through
!usiness magaDines. )AR in(estors are getting Re*igare information through friends
-hich is the ne5t !iggest source of information for the in(estors.
It is found that 2AR of the Re*igare customers are a*read" in(ested in stoc+ mar+ets
either direct*" through shares or indirect*" through mutua* funds. ut the remaining ))R
are in(ested in insurance 'o*icies.
:A
It -as found that :)R of the customers are moti(ated !" the high returns that the" can
gain !" in(esting in shares. 42R of the customers are in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets !ecause
the" -ant ta5 e5em'tions in the form of *ong term ca'ita* gains.
It -as found that ))R of the in(estors are in(esting in stoc+ mar+ets !ecause the" -ant
regu*ar income in the form of di(idends. 8:Rof the in(estors are 'referring ca'ita*
a''reciation rather than short term regu*ar income. And remaining in(estors ha(e
(arious considerations *i+e ta5 !enefits.
It is o!ser(ed that B#R of the in(estors are o'ined that inf*ation0 su!&'rime crisis and
crude oi* 'rices are the main reasons for the current !earish mar+et conditions. Cer" fe-
'eo'*e said that the" are indi(idua**" res'onsi!*e for the 'resent situation.
It -as found that 2)R of the in(estors o'ined as 'resent mar+et conditions -i** ad(erse*"
affect the in(estors sentiment in the mar+et. On*" )AR of in(estors re'*ied that 'ositi(e
trend in the mar+et -i** !oost in(estors confidence once again.
It is o!ser(ed that 44R of the in(estors are a''roached financia* ad(isers to ta+e their
(a*ua!*e suggestions to minimiDe the ris+. )BR of the in(estors made changes to their
'ortfo*ios. )2R of the in(estors com'*ete*" so*d of eFuit" 'ortion of their 'ortfo*io.
It is o!ser(ed that 8)R of the in(estors ha(e decreased the eFuit" 'ortion of their
'ortfo*ios. )8R of the in(estors are in(esting in de!t instruments rather eFuit".
It is found that :2R of the in(estors o'ined that effecti(e 'ortfo*io management -i** he*'
in minimiDing the tota* ris+ of the 'ortfo*io. #4R of the in(estors said that ris+ -hich is
ca**ed as s"stematic ris+ cannot !e e*iminated through 'ortfo*io management.
It is understood that B)R of the in(estors agreed that the" got good returns !" ta+ing
financia* e5'erts ad(ises. ):R of the in(estors said that e5'erts ad(ice -i** he*' on*" to
some e5tent and *uc+ a*so '*a"s a ro*e in ma5imiDing returns.
It is o!ser(ed that )4R of the in(estors ran+ed Re*igare financia* ser(ices as # -hich is
sho-ing their satisfaction as -e** as *ong term re*ationshi's -ith the com'an". ut
ma9orit" of the 'eo'*e ran+ed Re*igare ser(ices as 4.
It -as found that 48R of the customers -ant Re*igare to 'ro(ide them -ith more Fua*it"
information0 decrease in ser(ice charges as -e** as the" -ant to ma+e time*" changes to
their 'ortfo*io -hich -i** enhance their returns.
:=
Auestionnaire
Name6& Age6&
#. %o- do "ou come to +no- a!out Re*igare financia* ser(ices0 $unturV
a. usiness magaDinesL N !. E*ectronic media L N
c. /riends L N d. Other sources L N
). %a(e "ou e(er in(ested in stoc+ mar+etsV
a. ?es L N
!. No L N
4. Ehich of the fo**o-ing factors ha(e moti(ated "ou to in(est in the stoc+ mar+etsV
B3
a. %igh returns L N !. Ta5 !enefits L N
c. Others L N
8. Ehich of the fo**o-ing is "our o!9ecti(e of in(esting in stoc+ mar+etV
aH Regu*ar income L N !H 7a'ita* a''reciation L N
cH Ta5 sa(ings L N dH An" others s'ecif"
:. According to "ou0 -hich of the fo**o-ing is the reason for !earish mar+et conditionsV
aH Inf*ation L N !H Su!&'rime crisis L N
cH Rise in crude oi* 'rices L N dH A** the a!o(e L N
B. Do "ou thin+ the 'resent recession economic conditions -i** ad(erse*" affect the
in(estor,s sentimentV
aH ?es L N !H No L N cH 7an,t sa" L N
2. Ehich of the fo**o-ing actions ha(e "ou ta+en during the recessionV
aH Ma+ing changes to 'ortfo*io L N
!H Ta+ing e5'erts ad(ice L N
cH 7om'*ete dis'osa* of eFuit" L N
dH Other changes s'ecif"
A. Ehich of the fo**o-ing changes ha(e ta+en '*ace in "our 'ortfo*io during the recession
'eriodV
aH Decrease in eFuit" 'ortion L N !H In(esting in de!t securities L N
cH 7om'*ete dis'osa* of eFuit" L N dH A** the a!o(e L N
eH No changes L N
=. Do "ou thin+ that effecti(e 'ortfo*io management -i** he*' "ou in minimiDing the ris+V
aH ?es L N !H No L N cH 7an,t sa" L N
#3. Do "ou agree -ith the statement of E5'ert,s ad(ice -i** ma5imiDe "our returns.V
aH ?es L N !H No L N
B#
cH To some e5tent L N dH 7an,t sa" L N
##. Ran+ the ser(ices of Re*igare financia* ser(ices. on a sca*e of #&:V
aH # L N !H ) L N cH 4 L N
dH 8 L N eH : L N
#). According to "ou0 in -hich of the fo**o-ing areas Re*igare needs to im'ro(e its ser(icesV
aH Pro(iding more Fua*it" information L N
!H Decrease in ser(ice charges L N
cH Time*" changes to 'ortfo*io L N
dH A** the a!o(e L N
G$#SS!&9
,arket share6 An organiDation,s 'ortion of the tota* sa*es in a gi(en mar+et e5'ressed as a
'ercentage.
3ivi)en)6 Di(idend is dec*ared on the face (a*ue or 'ar (a*ue of a share0 and not on its mar+et
'rice. /or in(estors di(idends contri!ute the returns on shares !ought in addition to 'rice
a''reciation.
Brokerage6 7ommission 'a"a!*e to the stoc+!ro+er for arranging sa*e or 'urchase of securities.
Broker6 A mem!er of a Stoc+ E5change -ho acts as an agent for !u"ing and se**ing shares for
them.
B)
!c*uisition6 An e(ent -hen the contro* of a com'an" changes hands from one set of 'eo'*e to
another.
Intrinsic 8alue6 This is the (a*ue that a 'erson 'uts to the com'an" !ased on -hat the earnings
'otentia* of a com'an" is.
SenseE6 It is an inde5 that re'resents the direction of the com'anies that are traded on the
om!a" Stoc+ E5change.
Bull: A 'articu*ar +ind of in(estor -ho 'urchases shares in the e5'ectation that the mar+et 'rice
of that com'an"Js share -i** increase.
B4