KEMENTERIAN KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN

JAKARTA, 26 NOVEMBER 2012

BLUE ECONOMY:
TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE MARINE AND FISHERIES
DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROSPERITY OF THE PEOPLE
IN INDONESIA

Regional Asia Pacific Forum For Blue Economy

Jakarta, December 12, 2012

THE MINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA


December 12, 2012
1

INTRODUCTION
1. Indonesia is an archipelagic country with abundance of marine and fishery
resources. However, the contribution of marine and fisheries sector to the
economy is relatively still small.
2. MARINE RESOURCES: ABUNDANCE
Number of Islands: 17,504 Islands
Coastline: 81.000 km
Marine area: 5.8 million km
2
(2/3 of Indonesian territory)

Industry: 80% of industries and 75% of major cities are in the coastal area
Capture fisheries: the 6.5 million tones of fish per year
Mariculture potential: more than 12 million ha
Oil & gas: oil & gas Indonesia Basin from 60 spots, 70% are in the ocean
Petroleum reserves of 9.1 Billion Barrels in the sea
Tourism: most of the tourist attractions linked to the sea
3. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS:
Environmental Degradation and Pollution
Global Warming and Climate Change

December 12, 2012
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MARINE-BASED ECONOMY AND
OUR COMMON CONCERNS
1. NATURAL RESOURCES DEGRADATION CAUSED BY:
OCEAN-BASED AND LAND-BASED ECONOMIC
ACTIVITIES
2. NATURAL RESOURCES SCARCITY: OVER
EXPLOITATION OF MARINE AND FISHERIES
3. INCREASED ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES THAT DAMAGE
MARINE BIODIVERSITY
4. THE ACCESSIBILITY OF LOCAL PEOPLE TO MARINE
AND FISHERIES RESOURCES
5. ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS CAUSED BY GLOBAL
WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE
December 12, 2012
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MARINE AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT:
MAJOR CHALLENGES
BALANCING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH EQUITY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: Increasing economic
growth, job opportunity, poverty alleviation, and protecting
the environment from natural resources degradation and
pollution
PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLES: Integrated, comprehensive,
long terms oriented policies, natures efficiency and multiple
economic benefits
NEED : BREAKTHROUGH POLICIES AND PROPER
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
INTEGRATION OF LAND-BASED AND OCEAN-
BASED ECONOMY
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, GREEN ECONOMY,
AND BLUE ECONOMY?
December 12, 2012
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:
A BASIC CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
(THE WORLD COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 1987)
The concept of Sustainable Development was developed to
respond to economic crisis, including food, water, and energy in
underdeveloped countries mainly in Africa and Asia, as a result
of greed and careless managing the nature.
The essence and formulation of Sustainable Development:
The ESSENCE: "sustainable development is a development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability
of future generations to meet their own needs": does not
damage the nature: atmosphere, water, soil and living things--
reducing pollution and environmental degradation, control the
exploitation of natural resources, and promote social equity.
DEFINITION: "sustainable development is a process of change
in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of
investments, the orientation of technological development, and
institutional change are all in a state of harmony, as well as
increasing the potential for the present and the future to meet
the needs and aspirations of human beings." (Brundtland
Commission, 1987)
December 12, 2012
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GREEN ECONOMY (UNEP)
Green Economy is . one that results in improved human
well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing
environmental risks and ecological scarcities.
In its simplest expression, a green economy can be thought of
as one which is low carbon, resource efficient, and socially
inclusive.
a green economy is one whose growth in income and
employment is driven by public and private investments that
reduce carbon emissions and pollution, enhance energy and
resource efficiency, and prevent the loss of biodiversity and
ecosystem services. (UNEP)

Critical Issues on Green Economy: Green products and services
more expensive and companies invest more

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BLUE ECONOMY:
SEARCHING FOR NEW MODELS OF MARINE
AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT
In 2010: the publication of The Blue Economy:10 years, 100 Innovations, and
100 million jobs by Gunter Pauli (2010) THE CLUB OF ROME REPORT)
The concept of the Blue Economy developed to answer the challenge that
the system of the world economy has been exploitative and damaging the
environment, but because of the waste and the damage caused by the
exploitation of nature exceed the capacity or ability of natural support.
The principles of resource efficiency, low carbon, social inclusiveness have
flourished, but still hasn't been able to overcome the human greed to exploit
natural resources.
The implementation of sustainable development with the concept of green
products and services, i.e. environmentally friendly products and services
do not necessarily match the expectations: to buy more expensive products
and cannot reach the poor, even investors have to pay larger fees to
produce green products and services.
The concept of the Blue Economy is meant to challenge the investors that
the blue economy business model provides an opportunity to develop
business and investment more profitable economically and environmentally:
using natural resources more efficiently and does not damage the
environment, production systems more efficient and cleaner, producing
goods with greater economic value, increase the absorption of labor, and
provides an opportunity to give benefit to all contributors.

December 12, 2012
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THE ESSENSE OF BLUE ECONOMY

1) LEARNING FROM NATURE: the concept of the Blue Economy
modeled after nature: working according to what nature
provided with efficient: do not diminish but rather enrich
nature (shifting from scarcity to abundance).
2) THE LOGIC OF ECOSYSTEMS: the workings of the
foundation of the ecosystem model of the Blue Economy, i.e.
like water flowing from the mountains carrying nutrients and
energy to meet the basic needs of life of all components of
the ecosystem--waste from something being food for others,
waste from one process to the raw material/energy source for
others. Only by gravity energy is distributed efficiently and
evenly without external energy extraction.
3) INSPIRED BY 100 INNOVATIONS: there are 100 practical
economic innovations that inspire Blue Economy with the
principle follow the workings of ecosystems: ecosystems are
always working towards higher efficiency levels to drain the
nutrients and energy without emissions and waste to meet
the basic needs for all contributors.
December 12, 2012
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THE BLUE ECONOMY PRINCIPLES
Natures efficiency
Zero waste: leave nothing to waste waste for one
is a food for another - waste from one process is
resource of energy for the other
Social inclusiveness: self-sufficiency for all social
equity, more job, more opportunities for the poor
Generation to regeneration and balancing
production and consumption
Multiple Economic Benefits
Beyond ocean-based economy: The intergration of
ocean-based and land-based economy
(archipelagic state).

December 12, 2012
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THE NATURE OF BLUE ECONOMY

Blue Economy is likely Green 2.0 (Pauli 2010)
Blue Economy is not simply Ocean-based
Economy, but Ocean-based Economy may be
developed based upon the Principles of Blue
Economy
Blue Economy is not Green Economy applied
to Marine Resource Development
The concept of Blue Economy is likely the
most suitable to be applied in promoting a
sustainable marine and fisheries development
December 12, 2012
1
0

THE PRINCIPLES MARINE AND
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT BASED ON
BLUE ECONOMY
1) POLICY INTEGRATION: The policy integration of economic
development and environmental protection, and
investment at the national, provincial, and district levels.
2) REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Region-based economic
development: land-use planning; cross-cutting authority,
business interest, and ecological boundaries that promote
economic growth and environmental protection.
3) CLEAN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: achieving efficient
production systems without waste (leave nothing to
waste): pollution-free and does not damage the
environment.
4) INNOVATIVE and CREATIVE INVESTMENTS: developing
the Blue Economy Models of Investment and Businesses.
5) SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: promoting a balanced
economic development and environmental protection.
December 12, 2012
1
1

CRITERIA OF BLUE ECONOMY MODELS OF
BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT
(innovations and creativity)
1) MULTIPLE REVENUE/CASH FLOW
2) BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY:
SAVE RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY (reduce cost)
DIVERSIFY PRODUCTS/SERVICES/BUSINESSES (more products, money and job)
HIGH PRODUCTIVITY (more money)
AN INCREASE IN VALUE ADDED (more money)
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT (more money)
NO WASTE: WASTE AS RAW MATERIAL for DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS (more money
and job)
NATURAL RESOURCE and COST EFFICIENT, but REVENUE INCREASED (more
money for less environmental risk)
3) INCREASED LABOR OPPORTUNITIES (+)
4) AN INCREASE IN PEOPLE'S INCOME (+)
5) DO NOT DAMAGE AND POLLUTE THE ENVIRONMENT (reduce tax burden
and lawsuit risk)
6) EFFICIENT AND ENRICH THE NATURE (+)

INNOVATION and CREATIVITY include: PRODUCTS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS,
MANAGEMENT, MIND SET, AND THE WAYS OF DOING BUSINESS

1
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POLICY AND STRATEGY
NATIONAL OCEAN POLICY AND
THE LAW OF COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT AND SMALL
ISLANDS (UU 27/2007)
1) DEVELOPING BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT POLICY
WITH INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY BASED ON A BLUE
ECONOMY MODEL: Marine and Fisheries, Sea
Transportation, Maritime Industry, Tourism, Energy and
Mineral Resources
2) IMPROVING INTEGRATED NATIONAL POLICY AND
OCEAN-BASED RELATED ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
3) DEVELOPING BLUE ECONOMY MODEL ZONES
4) DEVELOPING CONNECTIVITY: BUSINESSES AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
5) DEVELOPING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HUMAN
RESOURCES
December 12, 2012
1
3

BLUE ECONOMY MODELS:
DEVELOPING INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
1) INTEGRATED MODELS OF BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT:
business and investment with innovation and creativity
that promote diversification of products and businesses,
increased employment, natures efficiency, multiple
economic benefits and save the environment,
2) SMALL ISLANDS CLUSTERING: a Region-based Model of
integrated economic and environmental management of
small islands,
3) The BAY AREA MANAGEMENT MODELS: the Bay area is
relatively spacious and projected into an economic area
with rich plurality of high activity economically valuable
and environmentally protected,
4) CONSERVATION AREA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT:
models of protected area: Balancing environmental
conservation and the economy.
December 12, 2012
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4

Indonesia
LAND AREA
SEA AREA
POPULATION
COASTLINE
220 KM
1.105.671 Persons
1.074,33 KM2
1.605,55 KM2
LOCATION (1)
DIREKTORAT TATA RUANG LAUT PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Direktorat Jenderal Kelautan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan
EAST LOMBOK: BLUE ECONOMY MODEL 1
TIMUR
+ Total of Vilage = 8 vilages
(Jerowaru, Pandan Wangi, Pemongkong,
Sekaroh, Batunampar, Batunampar Selatan,
Pene, Serewe, Wakan, Ekas Buana);
+ Total of population : 54.125 persons (Th. 2012)
PLANNING REGION (2)
DIREKTORAT TATA RUANG LAUT PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Direktorat Jenderal Kelautan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan
PLANNING REGION (3)
DIREKTORAT TATA RUANG LAUT PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Direktorat Jenderal Kelautan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan
MARINE INDUSTRY ZONE (4)
PEARL
Potency: 3.433,65Ha
Existing area : 1.628,15
Ha
Total Product :
0,20 tons (2009)
SEAWEED
Potency: 2000 Ha
Existing area: 526,18
Ha
Total Product:
118,975 tons (2009)
GROUPER
Potency:
509,40 Ha
Existing area :
9 Ha
Total Product :
12,60 tons (2009)
LOBSTER
Potency: 525,68 Ha
Existing area : 28,55
Ha
Total of Product : 146
tons (2009)
SALT
Potency: 2.183,13 Ha
Existing area: 205 Ha
Total Product: 9.106,38
tons (2012)
Productive salt pond : 205 Ha
Potential salt pond : 2.183,13 Ha
Forest Area
DIREKTORAT TATA RUANG LAUT PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Direktorat Jenderal Kelautan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan
TOURISM
Potency:
Coral reef, pink
sand
Existing area :
1 hour from
Lombok
international airport
DIREKTORAT TATA RUANG LAUT PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Direktorat Jenderal Kelautan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan
Ringgit Gulf
Ekas Bay
Sunut Island
Pink Beach
Serewe Beach
Heaven Beach
TOURISM AT THE PLANNING AREA (5)
Farming Zone
Forest area,
Central park
Techno Park
Industry & Energy
Marine Industry
Housing
Tourism,
Culinary
Salt Evaporation
Pond
Lobster
Grouper
Seaweed
Grouper,
Lobster, Pampus
Argentus
Ecotourism
Pearl
Loligo spp
LEGEND :
Plan of Main Road
Planning area
boundary
AN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
OF THE COASTAL AREA: EAST LOMBOK
2
1

2
2

2
3

PETA
PUSAT-PUSAT KEGIATAN
2
4

2
5

2
6

2
7

LOKASI TELUK TOMINI
ADMINISTRASI WILAYAH
KAWASAN TELUK TOMINI MELIPUTI:
WILAYAH PROVINSI SULAWESI
UTARA, SULAWESI TENGAH DAN
GORONTALO;
16 Kabupaten/Kota pesisir :
1. Kota Bitung,
2. Minahasa,
3. Minahasa Utara,
4. Minahasa Tenggara,
5. Bolaang Mongondow Selatan,
6. Bolaang Mongondow Timur,
7. Boalemo,
8. Bone Bolango,
9. Gorontalo,
10. Kota Gorontalo,
11. Pohuwato,
12. Parigi Moutong,
13. Poso,
14. Tojo Una-Una
15. Banggai
16. Banggai Kepulauan
TELUK TOMINI
The Biggest Equatorial Bay in the world
The Centerpoint of CTI
The Wallace Heritage Corridor
The Main Current Track of the World Ocean
2
3 1
The Tuna Interocean Migration
The Highest Ocean Biodiversity in the World
The Equator Gold Corridor
The Bajo of the uniqueckly Ocean Culture
4
3 3
3 5
8
10
3 9
120, 7 km
382, 9 km
Luas: 46.216,03
km2



Perairan Teluk Tomini Sangat
Luas
Berada Tepat Di Tengah
Garis Katulistiwa

OVER 75 % OF ALL KNOWN CORAL SPECIES ON EARTH
53% OF WORLD CORAL REFFS
OVER 3000 FISH SPECIES

1. FiHISING PRESSURE
2. ECONOMIC PRESSURE
3. DESTRUCTIVE FISHING PRACTICES
4. CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECT:
SEA LEVEL RiSE, INCREASING WATER
TEMPERATURE, AND CARBON DIOXIDE

EKOSISTEM LUAS
Terumbu
Karang
1)
11.748 ha
Mangrove
2)
16.105 ha
Lamun 3) 12.324 ha
Catatan: Tidak termasuk
Banggai Kepulauan

Sumber:
1, 2 SUSCLAM, 2010
3 Provinsi Sulteng, 2012
IKAN
ESTIMASI
(1,000
TON/THN)
1)
Pelagis Besar 106,5
Pelagis Kecil 379,4
Demersal 88,8
Udang Penaeid 0,9
Ikan Karang
Konsumsi
12,5
Lobster 0,3
Cumi 7,1
Jumlah 595,6
Sumber:
1) Kepmen KP 45 / 2011
2) Statistik Perikanan Tangkap,
2010
Fishing Ground Tuna
Nursery Ground Tuna
LNG &
Petrokimia
Industrial Plant
Minyak Bumi
1. Bitung - Bilungala Fish Capture
Development Zone
2. Gorontalo - Popayato
Aquaculture and Fish Processing
Development Zone
3. Parigi - Moutong Aquaculture
Development Zone
4. Poso - Togean - Banggai
Kepulauan Ecotourism
Development Zone
1
2
3
4
THANK YOU
December 12, 2012
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BLUE ECONOMY: BLUE OCEAN - BLUE SKY
SEE SEA FOR A BETTER WORLD