Intro:

Writing goals and objective is an integral part in planning and designing a training program.
Youve already gained an insight into how an objective should be from Alberts presentation.
SMART is an acronym that says clearly and plainly what a learning objective is.
In my presentation Id like draw a clear distinction between goals and objectives and you will
also learn to write goals and objectives using specific action words. Now why do we need goals
and objective?
Story
Drona hung a wooden bird from a tree and asked each prince to shoot at the bird's eye. First the
eldest prince, Yudhishthira, was asked to try. When he aimed at the bird, Drona asked him,
"what do you see in front of you?" Yudhisthira answered, "I see a tree and a bird hearing this,
Drona stopped him. He then asked other students the same question and got the same answer.
When it was Arjuna's turn and Drona asked him the same question, Arjuna replied, "I see only
the bird's eye. Drona was very pleased with the answer and asked him to shoot. The arrow hit the
bird's eye. Drona told all his students that the best archer is the one who can only see his target
and nothing else.
Writing meaningful goals and Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound
objectives will help your trainees to understand what is expected of them and help them organize
their effort so that they can meet your expectations. By communicating your goals and objective
to your trainees they will in turn prepare themselves to reach those goals and objectives.
Let me put once more goal and objectives categorically. In my presentation you will be able to
compare and contrast training goals and objectives, write clear objectives using SMART model
and action words.
Group activity
Well, let me begin with just a brief history of instructional or educational goals. And I should
concede that they began during World War II. The roots of instructional theory can be traced to
early efforts by educational psychologists to develop the connection between the science of
psychology and practical application of learning theory in educational settings. And there are two
people that are linked to this two theorists John Dewey and Edward Thorndike. Thorndike
developed the body of instructional design principles that included task analysis and teaching
methods based on their research findings and student evaluation methods. And over the years
their ideas evolved. The contemporary foundations of instructional theory can be rooted in
behaviorism and in general trend of 1950s toward upline scientific approaches to social sciences.
Benjamin Bloom is another key educationist who influenced curriculum development and
writing goals and objectives and shortly we will see the long long list of objectives. During the
1950s and 60s results of a project directed by Bloom touched education and training at all levels
around the world. He and his colleagues developed taxonomy or called educational objectives.
Objectives are divided into different domains. Teachers and curriculum designers use this
taxonomy to develop instructional objectives and goals for Training.
Now let us take a look at the difference between goals and objectives. Goals are long-term aims
that you want to accomplish and objectives are concrete achievements that can be achieved by
following a certain number of steps. Goals and objectives are often used interchangeably but the
main difference comes in their level of concreteness. Objectives very concrete whereas goals are
less structured.
An easy way to remember how they differ is goals has word go in it. Your goals should go
forward and to a specific direction. However goals are more about everything you accomplish on
your journey rather than getting to that distant point. Goals would often go into undiscovered
territory and you therefore cant even know where the end will be. Objectives has the word
object in it. Objects are concrete and they are something that you can hold in your hand or it is
measurable. Because of this your objectives can be clearly outlined with timelines and in
measureable terms. What do you want to be asking yourself with objectives is what do you want
your trainees to learn and to know that objectives provide a clear road map for trainees or
participants in the training. What do want your trainees to be able to do with what they are
learning?
When you sit down to write goals begin with The End in mind. It is a power packed statement
from the book The Seven Habits of Highly effective people.
"Begin with the End in Mind" is based on the principle that all things are created twice. There's
a mental or first creation, and a physical or second creation to all things .

Take the construction of a home, for example. You create it in every detail before you ever
hammer the first nail into place. You try to get a very clear sense of what kind of house you
want. If you want a family-centered home, you plan a family room where it would be a natural
gathering place. You plan sliding doors and a patio for children to play outside. You work with
ideas. You work with your mind until you get a clear image of what you want to build.

Then you reduce it to blueprint and develop construction plans. All of this is done before the
earth is touched. If not, then in the second creation, the physical creation, you will have to make
expensive changes that may double the cost of your home.

The carpenter's rule is "measure twice, cut once." You have to make sure that the blueprint, the
first creation, is really what you want, that you've thought everything through. Then you put it
into bricks and mortar. Each day you go to the construction shed and pull out the blueprint to get
marching orders for the day. You Begin with the End in Mind.