Light Vehicle Alternative Propulsion Forecast

2012 ihs.
com
IHS Automotive
Global Alternative
Propulsion
Dictionary
August 2013 ihs.com
IHS Automotive
Global Alternative
Propulsion (Sourcing
and Spec Modules)
Dictionary
For IHS Automotive Alternative
Propulsion Database
2014 IHS
Created for nishat@dsec.co.kr
Published by IHS Automotive. 2013 IHS. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited except by permission.
This version replaces all previous versions. All rights reserved. Information has been obtained by the IHS Automotive
Group from sources believed to be reliable. However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our
sources, IHS Automotives Powertrain Review does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any
information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information.
uContacts: Automotive Analysts
London Ofce
133 Houndsditch,
London EC3A 7BX, United Kingdom
Andrew Fulbrook Director
Global Powertrain Forecasting
andrew.fulbrook@ihs.com
+44 (0) 203 159 3455 Tel
Chris Guile Manager
EMEA Powertrain Forecasting
chris.guile@ihs.com
+44 (0 )208 544 7820 Tel
Wajih Hossenally Analyst
wajih.hossenally@ihs.com
+44 (0 )208 544 7854 Tel
Detroit Ofce
21500 Haggerty Road
Suite 300 Northville, MI 48167, United States
Jeff Jowett Manager
Americas Powertrain Forecasting
jeff.jowet@ihs.com
+1 (248) 465 2829 Tel
David Petrovski Principal Analyst
North American Powertrain Forecasting
david.petrovski@ihs.com
+1 (248) 465 2828 Tel
Devin Lindsay Senior Analyst
North American Powertrain Forecasting
devin.lindsay@ihs.com
+1 (248) 465 2811 Tel
Shanghai Ofce
1003&1004, Wheelock Square, No. 1717 Nanjing
West Road, Shanghai 20041,
PR China
Fangqing (Peter) Huang Manager
Greater China Powertrain Forecasting
fangqing.huang@ihs.com
+86 (21) 2230 2269 Tel
Liang (Tony) Wang Principal Analyst
liang.wang@ihs.com
+86 (21) 2230 2270 Tel
Wei (Vivian) Wang Senior Analyst
wei.wang@ihs.com
+86 (21) 2230 2281 Tel
Tokyo Ofce
Toranomon 40 MT building 7th oor
5-13-1 Toranomon Minato-Ku
Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
Atsushi Ishii Senior Manager
Japan/Korea Powertrain Forecasting
atsushi.ishii@ihs.com
+81 (0) 3 4530 9809 Tel
Toru Hatano Principal Analyst
Japan/Korea Powertrain Forecasting
toru.hatano@ihs.com
+81 (0) 3 4530 9808 Tel
Frankfurt Ofce
Bleichstrasse 1
Frankfurt am Main 60313, Germany
Florian Eichinger Senior Analyst
orian.eichinger@ihs.com
+49 89 895269 021 Tel
Sao Paulo Ofce
Av. Jose de Souza Campos,
243 Sala 11 13025-320 Cambui,
Campinas SP, Brazil
Fernao Carneiro Senior Manager
South America Powertrain Forecasting
fernao.carneiro@ihs.com
+55 19 3295 8740 Tel
Victor Silva Senior Analyst
South America Powertrain Forecasting
victor.silva@ihs.com
+55 19 3295 8740 Tel
India Ofce
2nd Floor, Tower 1, SJR i-Park,
Mobius Plot No. 13,14
Opp. Sathya Sai Hospital, Whiteeld, Bangalore,
Kamataka, India
Suraj Ghosh Senior Analyst
South Asia Powertrain Forecasting
suraj.ghosh@ihs.com
+91 80 6720 1216 Tel
Bangkok Ofce
Suntown Building-B, 21st Floor, B2101,
123 Vibhavadee-Rangsit Road
Jatujak, Bangkok 10900
Thailand
Kiraphat Chinrungkhakun Analyst
South Asia Powertrain Forecasting
kiraphat.chinrungkhakun@ihs.com
+66 2 632 8981 Tel
IT Support
Wayne Goldstein Supervisor
Data Processing and Development
wayne.goldstein@ihs.com
+44 (0) 203 159 3485 Tel
IHS Automotive | Global Alternative Propulsion (Sourcing and Spec Modules) Dictionary
2 August 2013 2013 IHS
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 3
Contents
Contact Details 2
Dictionary User Guide 4
Field Availability 5
Detailed Denitions for Alternative Propulsion Forecasts 6
Appendix I: List of Countries & Regions 17
Appendix II: Detailed Hybrid & EV Denitions 18
2014 IHS
Dictionary User Guide
Note: It is possible to query our engine and transmission forecasts from dual perspectives, Installation and Production. Please
note that when choosing Installation, you are requesting the forecast of engine/transmission tment volume for the vehicle
production region that you have chosen. If you choose Production, you are requesting engine/transmission production volume
for the region you have chosen, regardless of vehicle production destination.
Field name as found in
the Powertrain database
Dention of eld.
Options available (non-numeric)
and their explanations in
this specic eld.
Field Name: Aspiration
Denition: Indicates the level of aspiration.
Options available:
NA Naturally Aspirated
SC Supercharged
SCI Supercharged, Intercooled
TC Turbocharged
TCI Turbocharged, Intercooled
TCI+E-Boost Turbocharger Intercooled and Electric Boosting Device
TCI+SC Intercooled Turbocharger and Supercharger
VTCI Variable Geometry Turbocharged, Intercooled
2-Stage 2-Stage Diesel Turbocharging, Intercooled
2-TCI Bi-Turbo, Intercooled
2-VTCI Bi-Turbo, Variable Geometry Intercooled
None If Engine Model equals None
2014 IHS
Field Availability
Forecast Field EU GC JK MEA NA SA SEA Page
Light Vehicle Production
Forecast
Car/Truck X X X X X X X 6
Country X X X X X X X 6
Design Parent X X X X X X X 6
EOP X X X X X X X 6
Global Production
Segment
X X X X X X X 6
Manufacturer X X X X X X X 7
Platform X X X X X X X 7
Production Brand X X X X X X X 8
Production
Nameplate
X X X X X X X 8
Program X X X X X X X 8
Region X X X X X X X 8
SOP X X X X X X X 8
Vehicle X X X X X X X 8
Light Vehicle Engine
Forecast
Electrication X X X X X X X 9
Fuel Type X X X X X X X 9
Layout X X X X X X X 10
Model X X X X X X X 10
Propulsion System
Design
X X X X X X X 11
Light Vehicle
Transmission Forecast
Design X X X X X X X 12
Drive Type X X X X X X X 12
Forward Speeds X X X X X X X 12
Sub Design X X X X X X X 13
Light Vehicle Alternative
Propulsion Forecast
Battery Capacity
(kWh)
X X X X X X X 14
Battery Supplier X X X X X X X 14
Battery Type X X X X X X X 14
DC/DC Converter
Supplier
X X X X X X X 14
Design Parent X X X X X X X 14
Inverter Supplier X X X X X X X 14
Manufacturer X X X X X X X 14
Motor Power HP X X X X X X X 14
Motor Power kW X X X X X X X 14
Motor Supplier X X X X X X X 14
Motor Torque lb.ft X X X X X X X 14
Motor Torque N.m X X X X X X X 14
Plug-In (yes/no) X X X X X X X 15
System Sub-Design X X X X X X X 15
System Sub-Design
Architecture
X X X X X X X 16
System Voltage X X X X X X X 16
* Bold indicates part of Sourcing Module upgrade.
2014 IHS
Detailed Denitions
Light Vehicle Production Forecast
Car/Truck
Vehicle sector (passenger car or light truck) based on United States EPA conventions; a single common standard applied globally,
irrespective of regional diferences in vehicle classication.
Country
The specic country where the vehicle is assembled.

EOP
End of production date for the specied vehicle in yyyy-mm format.

Example:
Design Parent
PSA
PSA
PSA
PSA
Platform
X2
X2
X2
X2
Brand
Citroen
Fiat
Peugeot
Ram
Nameplate
Jumper
Ducato
Boxer
E-Van
Design Parent
The company/OEM responsible for the original design of the vehicle platform.
Options available:
Segment Architecture Examples Parameters
A-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Maruti-Suzuki Alto,
Ford Ka, Chevrolet
Spark
Wheelbase=less than 2300mm
Wheelbase=less than 2360mm
Wheelbase=2360mm-2450mm; IHS
Automotive Index 1.5 or
less
B-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Volkswagen Polo,
Ford Fiesta,
Honda Fit
Wheelbase=2360-2450mm; IHS
more
Wheelbase = 2450-2480mm for any IHS Automotive
Index
less
C-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Volkswagen Golf,
Chevrolet Cruze,
Mazda 3
more
Wheelbase=2501-2650mm for any IHS Automotive
Index
less
Global Production Segment
Global segments designed to provide a consistent set of segment denition for each vehicle produced around the world based on
architecture, wheelbase, and an index of overall length (OAL) divided by wheelbase.
2014 IHS
Segment Architecture Examples Parameters
D-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Hyundai Sonata, Peugeot 407, Honda Accord Wheelbase=2651-2699mm; IHS
more
Wheelbase=2700-2775mm for any IHS Automotive
Index
less
E-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe BMW 7 Series, Lexus LS, Mercedes E-Class Wheelbase=2776-2825mm; IHS
Automotive Index 1.7 or more
Wheelbase=2825mm or more

Mini Full-Frame Suzuki Escudo, Jeep Wrangler Wheelbase=2400mm or less

Compact Full-Frame Mitsubishi Triton,
Toyota Hilux, Chevrolet Blazer
Wheelbase=2401-2900mm

Full-Size Full-Frame Chevrolet Silverado,
Chrysler Ram
Wheelbase=2901mm or more

Global Production Segment cont.
Example:
Sales Brand Sales Nameplate Manufacturer Platform/Program
Mercedes-Benz ML-Class Daimler W163/W162
Mercedes-Benz ML-Class Magna-Steyr W163/W163
Manufacturer
Company responsible for production of a vehicle.
Example:
Sales Brand Sales Nameplate SOS EOS Platform Program
Volkswagen Golf 1995-01 2008-08 PQ33 VW330
Platform
Grouping of current-generation programs and their replacements where the replacements are a major redesign; an all-new, ground-up
redesign would require a new Platform designation.
2014 IHS
Example:
Production Brand Nameplate Platform Program Plant
Dacia Logan B0 L90 Pitesti-Colibasi
Renault Logan B0 L90 AutoFramos
Production Brand
Brands name under which a vehicle is built in a specic plant; the Production Brand does not necessarily need to be equivalent to the
sales brand; sometimes, re-badging happens after a vehicle has left the plant.
Options available:
Production Nameplate Sales Region Sales Nameplate
Vitz Europe Yaris
Vitz Japan/Korea Vitz
Production Nameplate
Name under which the vehicle is built in a specic plant; the Production Nameplate does not necessarily need to be identical to the
sales nameplate.
Example:
Production Brand Production Nameplate Program
Hyundai Veloster FS
Hyundai Veloster FS(2)
Hyundai Veloster FS(3)
Program
Code used by OEMs to identify a vehicle throughout its design life cycle.
Notes: Numbers in parentheses
indicates the next generation
where the ofcial code has not yet
been obtained; Example: FS (3)
Options available:
Region Market
Europe Central Europe, East Europe, West Europe
Greater China China, Taiwan
Japan/Korea Japan, South Korea
Middle East/Africa Africa, Middle East, Rest of World
North America NAFTA
South America Andean, Central America, Mercosul
South Asia ASEAN, Indian Subcontinent, Oceania
Region
The region where nal production occurs.
SOP
Start of production date for the specied vehicle in yyyy-mm format.

Vehicle
Unique combination of Design Parent, Brand, Nameplate, Program Code, and GVW Class; for example, General Motors:
Chevrolet:Malibu:GMX351 [0-3.5 PC].

2014 IHS
Options available:
Engine Propulsion System Design Electrication
ICE No
ICE: Stop/Start Yes
Hybrid-Mild Yes
Hybrid-Full Yes
Electric Yes
Fuel Cell Yes
Electrication
Indicates if the propulsion system design features any grade of electrication.
Light Vehicle Engine Forecast
Compressed Natural Gas (monovalent)
Diesel
Diesel and CNG Bi-Fuel
Ethanol (monovalent)
Electricity
Regular Gasoline
Flex Fuel (85% Ethanol)
Flex Fuel (100% Ethanol)
Bi-Fuel (Gasoline and CNG)
Tri-Fuel (Gasoline, CNG, E100)
Bi-Fuel (Gasoline and LPG)
Hydrogen
Liquid Propane Gas (monovalent)
Options available:
CNG
DIESEL
DIESEL-CNG
E100
Electricity
GAS
GAS-E85
GAS-E100
GAS-CNG
GAS-CNG-E100
GAS-LPG
Hydrogen
LPG
Fuel Type
Indicates the type of fuel consumed by the primary power source.
2014 IHS
10 August 2013 2013 IHS
Options available:
FF-T
FR-L
FF-L
RR-T
RR-L
MR-T
MR-L
WF
WR
W4

Layout
Indicates propulsion unit location and drive orientation.
Front Mounted, Front Drive, Transverse
Front Mounted, Rear Drive, Longitudinal
Front Mounted, Front Drive, Longitudinal
Rear Mounted, Rear Drive, Transverse
Rear Mounted, Rear Drive, Longitudinal
Mid-Mounted, Rear Drive, Transverse
Mid-Mounted, Rear Drive, Longitudinal
Wheel End Motor, Front Drive
Wheel End Motor, Rear Drive
Wheel End Motor, Four Wheel Drive
Model
Concatenated eld highlighting displacement, total valves, camshaft conguration, block conguration, and number of cylinders,
e.g. 2.0L 16v DOHC L4.
Platform
Indicates a grouping of engines to form a common platform. Using ofcial OEM derived groupings when known. Alternatively
and where applicable, additional considerations include: bore distance, bank angle, and/or bore/stroke dimensions, and/or estim-
ations of signicant parts commonality.
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 11
Options available:

ICE: Stop/Start
Hybrid, Full
Hybrid, Mild
Electric
Fuel Cell

Propulsion System Design
Indicates source of propulsion and level of electrication.
Internal Combustion Engine with Stop/Start capability
Internal Combustion Engine with Full Hybrid capability
Internal Combustion Engine with Mild Hybrid capability
Pure Battery Electric Vehicle where Propulsion System Sub-Design equals EV or Series
Fuel Cell Vehicle
System Design
Function (Power Source)
Engine Idling Stop Engine & Motor Motor
ICE: Stop/Start Applicable Applicable N/A N/A
Hybrid-Mild Applicable Applicable Applicable N/A
Hybrid-Full Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable
Electric N/A N/A N/A Applicable
Region
Indicates the region where nal assembly occurs.
2014 IHS
12 August 2013 2013 IHS
Light Vehicle Transmission Forecast
Design
Identies the core design of transmission.
Options available:
Automatic
Manual
DCT
AMT
CVT
IVT
Reduction
EVT
Regular Stepped Automatic Transmission
Manual Transmission
Dual Clutch Transmission
Single Clutch Automated Manual Transmission
Continuously Variable Transmission
Innitely Variable Transmission
Electric Vehicle Transmission
Electrically Variable Transmission
Options available:
FWD
RWD
FWD/AWD
RWD/4WD
4WD
AWD

Drive Type
Identies if a given vehicle-engine-transmission combination features a single drive type conguration or an optional combination.
This datapoint is aggregated, not split.
Dedicated Front-Wheel-Drive design
Dedicated Rear-Wheel-Drive design
Front Wheel Drive with all wheel drive option
Rear Wheel Drive with four wheel drive option
Dedicated 4WD design (4 driven wheels based on original RWD architecture
Dedicated AWD design (4 driven wheels based on original FWD architecture
Forward Speeds
Indicates the number of forward speeds per transmission.
Platform
Indicates a grouping of transmissions to form a common platform. Using ofcial OEM derived groupings when known. Alternatively
and where applicable, additional considerations include: bell housing dimensions, gear-set commonality and/or estimations of
signicant parts of commonality.
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 13
Region
Indicates the region where nal assembly occurs.
Options available:

Clutch
Wet Clutch
Dry Clutch
Belt
Chain
Planetary Gears
N/A
Sub-Design
Identies further critical design features.
Torque transmission method design if EVT
Clutch type if design is DCT
Clutch type if design is DCT
Torque transmission method if design is CVT
Torque transmission method if design is CVT
Torque transmission method if design is EVT
Not Applicable if design is AMT, Automatic, Manual, IVT, Reduction
2014 IHS
14 August 2013 2013 IHS
Light Vehicle Alternative Propulsion Forecast
Battery Capacity
Indicates known or expected maximum energy capacity of the traction battery module (not for stop/start systems), expressed in
kilowatt hour (kWh).
Nickel-Iron
Conventional low voltage battery (encompassing Gel, Flooded Cell and AGM)
Lithium-Ion
Lithium-Metal Polymer
Nickel-Cadmium
Nickel-Metal Hydride
Options available:
Iron
Lead Acid
Li-Ion
Li-M-Polymer
NiCd
NiMH
Battery Type
Identies the traction battery module chemistry.
Battery Supplier
The company supplying the traction battery module (not for stop/start systems).
Design Parent
Indicates the group (company name) responsible for the original design of the Alternative Propulsion System.
DC/DC Converter Supplier
Indicates the Tier I supplier of the DC-DC converter.
Inverter Supplier
Indicates the Tier I supplier of the inverter.
Motor Power
Indicates the rating of the most powerful motor expressed in kilowatt (kW) and horsepower (hp).
Motor Supplier
Indicates the Tier I supplier of the electric motor.
Motor Torque
Indicates the rating of the highest torque motor expressed in Newton Meter (N.m) and foot pounds (lb.ft).
Manufacturer
The company responsible for assembling the alternative propulsion system. Company can be dened as either the vehicle
assembler or module system assembler. Modules can be dened as various collections of componentry.
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 15
Plug-In (Yes/No)
Indicates if the vehicles non-auxiliary battery can be charged externally through a residential or commercial power outlet.
Options available:
Parallel
Parallel Plug-In
Parallel-Series
Parallel-Series Plug-In
EV
Series
System Design System Subdesign
Fuction (Power Source)
Engine &
Motor
Motor
Engine=
Just
Generator
Plug-In
ICE None - - - -
ICE: Stop/Start N/A - - - -
Hybrid-Mild Parallel Applicable N/A N/A N/A
Hybrid-Full
Parallel Applicable Applicable N/A N/A
Parallel Plug-In Applicable Applicable N/A Applicable
Parallel-Series Applicable Applicable Applicable N/A
Parallel-Series Plug-In Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable
Electric EV N/A Applicable N/A Applicable
Series N/A Applicable Applicable Applicable
System Sub-Design
Indicates detailed format of electrication platform.
Motive force is a result of parallel coupling between engine output and external power assistance.
Motive force is a result of parallel coupling between engine output and external power assistance,
with Plug-In capability.
Motive force can be a result of parallel or series power ow.
Motive force can be a result of parallel or series power ow, with plug-in capability.
Motive force through the provision of electric motor only.
Engine is mechanically isolated from the drivetrain. Motive force from electric motor only.
2014 IHS
16 August 2013 2013 IHS
Power ow via crankshaft
Power ow via ignition/fuel injection
Power ow via drive belt
Power ow via ywheel
Power ow via an axle
Power ow via an axle , with two electric motors
Powerow via transmission output shaft
Powerow via transmission input shaft
Power ow combination via power split device
Power ow via xed reduction gearset
Power ow via xed reduction gearset and one drive axle
Power ow via direct hub mounted motor
Power ow via vehicle based motor (often a single motor only)
Power ow via vehicle based motor, using ICE as power generator for on-board battery
Options available:
Crank
Combustion
Belt
Flywheel
Axle
2-Axle
Coaxial - Ouput
Coaxial - Input
Power Split
Direct
Direct & Axle
Hub Motor
Conventional Motor
Range Extender
System Sub-Design Architecture
Indicates detailed-format of electrication platform. Detailed schematics can be located in section A2.
System Voltage
Total voltage applied to the electric motor(s).
System Design System Sub-Design System Sub-Design Architecture
ICE None None
ICE: Stop/Start N/A
Combustion
Crank
Belt
Hybrid-Mild
Parallel
Flywheel
Belt
Coaxial - Input
Hybrid-Full
Parallel
Flywheel
Axle
Coaxial-Output
Coaxial-Input
Flywheel+ (2) Axle
Parallel- Plug-In
Flywheel
Axle
Coaxial-Output
Coaxial-Input
Flywheel+ (2) Axle
Parallel-Series
Power Split
Direct
Direct+Axle
Paralell- Series Plug-In
Power Split
Direct
Direct+Axle
Electric
EV
Conventional Motor
Hub Motor
Series Range Extender
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 17
A1: Countries & Regions
Alternative Propulsion
Dictionary Region
Country AutoInsight Database Region
EU
Austria Hungary Serbia
Europe
Belarus Italy Spain
Belgium Kazakhstan Slovakia
Bosnia-
Herzegovina
Netherlands Slovenia
Bulgaria Norway Sweden
Czech Republic Poland Turkey
Finland Portugal United Kingdom
France Romania Ukraine
Germany Russia Uzbekistan
GC China Taiwan Greater China
JK Japan South Korea Japan/Korea
MEA Egypt Iran Morocco South Africa Middle East/Africa
NA Canada Mexico United States North America
SA
Argentina Colombia Venezuela
South America Brazil Ecuador
Chile Uruguay
SEA
Australia Malaysia Thailand
Southeast Asia India Pakistan Vietnam
Indonesia Philippines
2014 IHS
18 August 2013 2013 IHS
A2: Hybrid Denitions and EV Denitions
Propulsion Design Denition
ICE Not a Hybrid or Electric vehicle.
Fuel Cell or Electric
A Fuel Cell or Battery Electric Vehicle (EV) utilises one or more electric motors for propulsion. In another case, the engine drives a
generator, and an electric motor uses this generated electricity to drive the wheels such as Toyota Coaster series hybrid.
ICE: Stop/Start
Shuts the engine off when it would otherwise idle and restarts it instantly on demand, such as at trafc lights or stop and go driving.
Sometimes called an integrated starter-alternator system. This system is not capable of providing any driveline torque.
Hybrid, Mild
Can use electric motor and combustion engine to provide power to the wheels. As a result, the ability of an electric motor to help
share the load with the engine is the technology step that, in addition to the start-stop and regenerative braking features, qualies a
vehicle as a mild hybrid. A vehicle meets this classication only if it has a large enough motor and battery pack such that the motor
can actually supplement the engine to help accelerate the vehicle while driving. Examples of vehicles containing these features are the
Insight and Civic hybrids from Honda.
Hybrid, Full
Allows the vehicle to drive using only the electric motor and battery pack such as the Toyota Prius and Ford Escape Hybrid. Typically,
at low speeds and at launch, the electric motor and battery powers the car and at high speeds the combustion engine takes over.
C
ICE ICE
Crank Belt Combustion
Flywheel
ICE
Flywheel
Combustion
M Battery
Belt
M
Battery
M
Battery
ICE (Stop/Start)
Motor turns the ywheel
to restart ICE
ICE re-started by
combustion
Alternator turns the
crankshaft via belt to
re-start ICE
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 19
Hybrid-Mild (Parallel)
Engine
Engine M/G T/M
T/M
M/G Battery
Belt
Battery
Flywheel Belt
Motor is located
between Engine and
Transmission
Motor supplies the
power to the crankshaft
via belt
Motor supplies the
power to the input shaft
of transmission.
Engine
Engine M/G T/M
T/M
M/G Battery
Belt
Battery
Flywheel Belt
Coaxial - Input
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
Battery
T/M
Battery
Battery
Battery
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
T
/
M
E
n
g
i
n
e
M/G
E
n
g
i
n
e
M/G
T
/
M
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
T
/
M
M
/
G
(Front) (Rear) (Front) (Rear)
Flywheel Axle Flywheel-(2) Axle Coaxial
Battery
Battery
Hybrid-Full (Parallel/Parallel Plug-In)
Motor is located
between Engine and
Transmission
Only the engine turns the
front shaft. Only the motor
turns the rear shaft
Battery
Battery
Battery
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
T
/
M
E
n
g
i
n
e
M/G
E
n
g
i
n
e
M/G
T
/
M
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
T
/
M
M
/
G
(Front) (Rear) (Front) (Rear)
Flywheel Axle Flywheel-(2) Axle Coaxial
Battery
Battery
Coaxial - Output
E
n
g
i
n
e
M
/
G
Battery
T/M
Coaxial - Input
Motor supplies the
power to the input shaft
of transmission.
Motor supplies the power
to the output shaft of the
transmission
Front section has Flywheel architecture,
while rear motor(s) provide drive in parallel.
If there are 2 rear motors, architecture is
dened as Flywheel + 2 Axle
2014 IHS
20 August 2013 2013 IHS
Hybrid-Full (Parallel-Series/Parallel-Series Plug-In)
Electric-(EV)

M/G
M/G-2
Engine
Power Split Device Battery
Engine
Power Split Direct
M/G Battery
Clutch
M/G-1
Engine
M/G
Battery
M/G
M/G
Conventional Motor Hub Motor
Battery
There is a Power Split (Distribution) Device to
combine the Engine Power and Motor Power.
One motor (generator) works to control the
power mixture.
Normally, the car is propelled by a motor, and the engine
works as generator.(Propelled by M/G-1, Clutch=Off)
In specic case, the car is propelled by the engine with a
xed reduction gear, or engine + motor.(Clutch=On)
The Motor is located in the vehicle.
Usually, there is only one motor.
The Motor is located inside the wheel hub.
Therefore, the Hub Motor system has two motors.
2014 IHS
2013 IHS August 2013 21
Range Extender Electric- (Series)
Power ow via a vehicle based
motor, using the ICE only as a power
generator for the on-board battery
motors.
M
/
G
E
n
g
i
n
e
Range Extender
Battery
2014 IHS

Light Vehicle Alternative Propulsion Forecast

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