Behaviour of Glass Fiber Wrapped Concrete

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology
IJAET/Vol. I/ Issue I/April-June, 2010/74-83

Research Paper
BEHAVIOUR OF GLASS FIBER WRAPPED CONCRETE
COLUMNS UNDER UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION
P.Sangeetha
1
, R.Sumathi
2

Address for Correspondence
1
Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering ,Sri Venkateswara College of
Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur-602105 Tamilnadu.
Email id: p_sangeetha77@yahoo.co.in
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Arulmugu Meenakshi
Amman College of Engineering, Thiruvanamalai District. Tamilnadu
===============================================================
ABSTRACT
Fiber Wrapping using Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) shells is one of effective methods,
significantly enhances the strength and ductility of concrete columns. The paper reports the
behaviour of the GFRP wrapped concrete columns under uniaxial compression. The cross section
of the concrete columns considered in the work is circular with diameter of 150mm and height
300mm. The Parameters that are varied in the investigation are wrapping shell materials, (which
includes GFRP Materials Surface Mat(SM), Chopped Strand Mat (CSM) and Woven Roving Mat
(WRM)), Number of Plies (1Ply and 3plies) and Period of Curing (7 & 28 Days). Results from a
series of the experimental study were reported and discussed. The study on small scale
specimens showed that confinement increased the strength of the concrete columns loaded
axially.
KEY WORDS
Fiber Reinforcement, Compressive Strength, Curing, Concrete, Glass Fiber.
==============================================================
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, retrofitting of concrete
columns by wrapping and bonding of
fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) sheets,
straps, belts, or precured shells around
the columns has become increasingly
popular. Studies of concrete columns
confined with glass, aramid, or carbon
fibers have been used successfully to
retrofit building columns, bridge or
expressway piers, and chimneys. An
incremental finite element approach [4],
are used to evaluate the response of
fiber-wrapped square columns confined
with carbon and aramid fibers. Many
researchers [1-3 & 5], have proposed
models for concrete cylinders and square


columns strengthened with FRP sheets.
The axial load behavior of concrete-
filled tubular (CFT) columns with the
width-to-thickness ratios are studied [6]
and stiffening scheme to enhance the
ultimate strength and ductility of square
CFT columns was proposed. The proper
material constitutive models for concrete
filled tube (CFT) columns are
proposed [7] and verified by the
nonlinear finite element program
ABAQUS against experimental data.
This paper, investigates the
characteristics behaviour of reinforced
concrete columns. FRP is used to wrap
the columns circumferentially. All
columns were tested to failure by
applying axial concentric loads. Results
of testing the columns showed that FRP
is effective in producing columns with
high compressive strength.
Experimental Study
Specimen preparation and Testing
A total of forty-two cylindrical columns
of size 150 X 300 mm were prepared
and twenty one specimens were cured
for 7 days and remaining specimens
were cured for 28 days. Out of 21
specimens of 7 days cured and 28 days
cured, eighteen columns were wrapped
circumferentially with glass fiber
reinforced polymer of Surface Mat
type, Chopped Strand Mat and Woven
Roving Mat after 7 and 28days curing of
single and triple plies and three columns
without wrapping respectively. All the
specimens were tested in the
Compression testing machine of capacity
50kN. Ultimate load readings were taken
to study the compression behavior of the
specimens. Table 1 shows the
description of various specimens
prepared for testing. Fig.1 shows the
column specimens without wrapping.
Fig.1: Column Specimens before
wrapping

Fig.2-4 shows 28 days cured column
specimens wrapped with SM, CSM and
WRM of single ply. Fig.5 shows the
compression test carried out on Triple
plies chopped Strand Mat wrapped on
columns cured for 28 days


Fig.2:Columns with Single ply Surface Mat

Fig.3: Columns with Single ply of Chopped Strand Mat

Fig.4: Columns with single ply of Woven Roving Mat

Fig.5:Compression testing carried out on 28 days cured Triple Plies Chopped
Strand Mat column.


Fig. 6:Variation in Compressive Strength after 7 and 28 days cured specimens
wrapped with single ply of GFRP.

Fig.7:Variation in Compressive Strength after 7 and 28 days cured specimens
wrapped with Triple plies of GFRP.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
UC SM CSM WRM
Types of GFRP Material
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
7 days cured Columns
Wrapped with Single Ply
Wrapped with Single Ply
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
UC SM CSM WRM
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
Wrapped with Triple Plies
28 days cured Columns Wrapped
with Triple Plies


Fig. 8:(a) and (b)Variation in Compressive Strength of specimens wrapped with
Single and Triple plies of GFRP after 7 and 28 days of curing.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
UC SM CSM WRM
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
7 days Cured columns Wrapped
with Single Ply
7 days cured columns Wrapped
with Triple plies
Series3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
UC SM CSM WRM
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
with Single Ply
with Triple Plies
Linear (28 days cured Columns


Fig. 9:Shows the comparison between the compressive strength of 7 & 28 days cured
specimens.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Single Ply Triple Plies
No. of Plies
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
Un Confined Columns
Columns Wrapped with SM
Columns Wrapped with CSM
Columns Wrapped with WRM
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Single Ply Triple Plies
No. of Plies
C
o
m
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
e

S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

i
n

N
/
m
m
2
Un Confined Column
Columns Wrapped with SM
Columns Wrapped with CSM
Column Wrapped with WRM


EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 2 shows the results of tested
column specimens. The columns
wrapped with Woven Roving Mat of
Glass fiber exhibited better results than
other type of Glass fiber columns. The
compressive strength of the GFRP
wrapped concrete columns shows better
results when columns are wrapped with
3 plies than single ply.
Effect of FRP Wrapping Materials
The Percentage increase in the
Compressive Strength for change in Ply
from 0 to 1 for specimens wrapped with
Surface Mat, Chopped Strand Mat and
Woven Roving Mat after 7 days curing
were 3.6, 21.46 and 28.97% respectively
and after 28 days curing were 10, 27.17
and 31.46 %. Fig.6. Show the variation
in compressive strength after 7 and 28
days cured specimens wrapped with
single ply of GFRP. The Percentage
increases in the Compressive Strength
for change in Ply from 0 to 3 for
specimen wrapped with Surface Mat,
Chopped Strand Mat and Woven Roving
Mat after 7 days curing were 50, 135.79
and 167.93% respectively and after 28
days curing were 10, 27.17 and 31.46%.
Fig.7. Show the variation in compressive
strength after 7 and 28 days cured
specimens wrapped with Triple plies of
GFRP.
Effect of Plies
The percentage increase in the
Compressive Strength for 7 days & 28
days cured column wrapped with
Surface Mat for Single Ply and Triple
Plies is 3.6 and 50% respectively. The
percentage increase in the Compressive
Strength for column wrapped with
Chopped Strand Mat for Single Ply and
Triple Plies is 21.46 and 136%
respectively. The percentage increase in
the Compressive Strength for column
wrapped with Woven Roving Mat for
Single Ply and Triple Plies is 29 and
168% respectively .Fig. 8 (a) and (b)
show the variation in compressive
strength of specimens wrapped with
Single and Triple plies of GFRP after 7
and 28 days of curing.
Effect of Curing
The percentage increases in the
Compressive Strength for column
wrapped with Single ply of Surface Mat,
Chopped Strand Mat and Woven Roving
Mat from 7 to 28 days cured are 32.72,
30.87 and 27.4% respectively and with
Triple Plies are 21.46, 6.05 and 6.66%
respectively.


Table.1:.Descripition of various specimens prepared for testing
S. No. Specimen Descriptions No. of
Casted
columns
taken
Period
of curing
(days)
Number
of plies
3 7 0 1 Unconfined Column (UC)
3 28 0
3 7 1
3 28 1
3 7 3
2 Surface Mat Column (SMC)
3 28 3
3 7 1
3 28 3
3 7 3
3 Chopped Strand Mat Column (CSMC)
3 28 3
3 7 1
3 28 1
3 7 1
4 Woven Roving Mat Column (WRMC)
3 28 1

Table.2.Results of tested column specimens under Compressive loading condition
S.
No.
Specimen Descriptions Period
of curing
(days)
Number of
plies
Compressive
Strength
(N/mm
2
)
7 0 15.84 1 Unconfined Column (UC)
28 0 19.81
7 1 16.41
28 1 21.78
7 3 23.76
2 Surface Mat Column (SMC)
28 3 28.86
7 1 19.24
28 1 25.18
7 3 37.35
3
Chopped Strand Mat Column (CSMC)
28 3 39.61
7 1 20.43
28 1 26.03
7 3 42.44
4
Woven Roving Mat Column (WRMC)
28 3 45.27


The over all Percentage increase in
Compressive Strength for different
materials is 30% for single ply from 7
days to 28days of curing and 20% for
Triple Plies .
.
Fig.10.Tested Columns
CONCLUSIONS
The present study used forty-two
columns, wrapped with GFRP of types
Surface Mat(SM), Chopped Strand Mat
(CSM) and Woven Roving Mat (WRM).
Based on the results from a series of the
experimental work the following
Conclusions are made.
The confinement of columns
with GFRP wrap increased the
strength and ductility of the
concrete Column.
Different types of glass fiber are
Surface Mat, Chopped Stand Mat
and Woven Roving Mat also
increasing the compressive
strength of the columns.
Compressive Strength of the
Concrete Columns increases with
increase in the number of plies of
GFRP.
Period of Curing also increases
the load carrying capacity of
columns.
REFERENCES
1. Amir Mirmiran and Mohsen
Shahawy, Behavior of concrete
columns confined by fiber
composites, J of Struct Engg 123
(1997) (5), pp. 583 590.
2. M.Samaan, A .Mirmiran and M.
Shahawy, Model of concrete
confined by fiber composites, J
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pp.1025-1031.
3. R. Marijn, Spoelstra and Giorgio
Monti, FRP-confined concrete
model, J of Compos for
Construction 3 (1999) (3), pp. 143
150.
4. P.Rochettee and P. Labossiere,
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6. C.S.Huang , Y.K.Yeh , G.Y.Liu ,
H.T. Hu , K.C.Tsai , Y.T.Weng ,
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Chidiac , Upgrading torsional
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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology

IJAET/Vol. I/ Issue I/April-June, 2010/74-83

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