Design and Implementation of Wireless Transceiver System

Based on FPGA

AbstractDesign of wireless data transmission system
in short distance by using FPGA and RF chip RF2401.
The wireless data communication system constitutes of
SOPC (the core of the system) embedded in FPGA and
the necessary peripheral circuits. Using of full-duplex
communication in the sudden transfer mode and the
key technology of wireless data transmission are also
involved in the paper. The system is controlled easily,
work steadily and can realize the wireless data
transmission. The entire system is designed by Vivado
tool, the main control adopts C to programming. The
design is downloaded into FPGA device which belongs
to the Kintex Ultrascale family of Xilinx. The design is
very agile, and easy to debug. The system has the
advantage of simple structure, low-budget, low power
consumption, etc. This makes the system applicable to
outdoor environment and any other monitoring of the
dynamic system state.

Keywords:Wireless data transmission; FPGA;
Vivado;nRF2401; Kintex Ultrascale ; MIG

I.INTRODUCTION
In recent years, with the rapid development of
radiofrequency technology, integrated circuits,
wirelesscommunication technology, the short-range
RFcommunication technology has become a hot
technology,and it has been widely used in practice.
The usualapproach is to write application programs
directly on theMCU to complete the data
communication, but the MCUprocessing power is
low, operation speed is slow and theavailable IO port
is limited. While choosing the
highperformanceFPGA chip can be a good solution
to theproblems above, and also can shorten the
productdevelopment cycles significantly and improve
thedevelopment efficiency.Wireless communication
technology and FPGA-SOPCtechnology are
combined together in this project, usingsoft-core
CPU to control the high-speed wirelesstransmission
chip to complete the design of
wirelesscommunication system. Combining the
reality, towardsthe current monitoring requirements
in the field ofmetallurgy, using this wireless
transceiver transmissionsystem as a wireless remote
monitoring and on-site real-timecontrol to offer
guarantee for various indicators in thefield of
metallurgy, managing scientifically and accurately,
ensures that the operators are far away fromthe
device to avoid harms. The wireless
transceivertransmission system can also be applied to
remotecontrolling, telemetry, small-scale wireless
networks,wireless meter reading, access control systems,
and pagingsystems and so on.SOPC solution allows
designers to embed soft-core ofMCU into generic FPGA
to complete the integration ofSystem on Chip. SOPC
design is based on IP (IntellectualProperty Core),on
hardware description language as themain design means,
carried out by means of EDA toolswith the computer
platform. SOPC technology mainlyrefers to the chip-
oriented system-level ASIC design ofcomputer
technology, compared with the traditional ASIC design
technology.
It has the following advantages:
(1)Simple circuits:
The wireless transmission chip NRF2401 needs
littleperipheral circuits and the main controller FPGA
alsoneeds little analog circuits. This makes the whole
circuitdesign looks very simple and concise.
(2)Flexible design:
As the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array
FieldProgrammable Gate Array) has a programmable
advantage,circuits can be designed on a large scale
programmablelogical device which it needed multi-block
integratedcircuit chips before. So it significantly reduces
the size ofthe circuit board, enhances reliability and
flexibility of thissystem.
(3)Extending easily, shortening the development
cycle:Because FPGA can be rewritable, and the system
usesthe IP for building, the designer only needs to
transfer theoriginal IP to the new embedded system or to
change asmall part of the circuit to meet the needs of
productfunctional requirements when need to introduce
newproducts or improve functions. Thus, it can shorten
theproduct development cycle and reduce
developmentcomplexity.


II.SYSTEM DESIGN SCHEME
The core embedded in FPGA works as a main managerin
this system.It is used to control the wireless
transceiverchip nRF2401 for communication, to
complete the man-machineinteractive function friendly
through keyboardand LCD. This system generally can be
divided into twoparts, hardware and software
components. The followingmakes a brief introduction of
the software and hardwarestructure.The system overall
block diagram is shown in Fig.1.FPGA is used as the
core in the system;togetherwith external
LCDmodule,keyboard module as well asFlash, SRAM
wireless communication module and etc.These are the
hardware components of this system andbasic guarantee
for the system operation. In addition tothese
components, there are other hardware such as virtual
MIG processor on FPGA, delay- reset module andpll
module. Then, programming on the virtual MIG
coreprocessor of FPGA to drive these external
hardware toachieve functions system required.

III. HARDWARE DESIGN
Hardware components include not only the
realhardware circuits made up of electronic
components, butvirtual hardware designed in the
FPGA. The systemhardware design can be divided
into the following sections:
(1)LCD and keyboard module: a platform for
interactionwith the user.
(2)PLL module: to complete the phase
transformationand make system clock in 50MHZ
through PLL.
(3)Delay-Reset module: to ensure the system
stability.
(4) MIG module: master section, to
completeprocessing with LCD, keyboard and other
synchronousmodules.Virtual hardware is the key to
this design.


IV.SOFTWARE DESIGN
System software design is mainly to realize the
LCDdisplay and wireless data transceiver. This part
of thedesign is carried out in the MIGII IDE. MIGII
IDEprovides four main functions for software
development:
Project manager, editor and compiler, debugger
andflash programmer. With these capabilities,
designers caneasily complete the design of the
software part. Next wecome to the description of the
specific module in detail.This section includes four
main programs:
Wireless simplex communication program
Wireless full-duplex communication
program
Transmission quality test program
Display test program.

A. Wireless Simplex Communication
Purpose: to implement a simple communication program
2401. Flowchart: Fig.2; Fig.3




Functional description:
(Primary device A, slave deviceB)
Starting from slave B and configuring it into
receivingstate, waiting for data reception. Starting from
primary Aand configuring it into sending state, input
sending datafrom the keyboard, then pressing the
sending key.Program is complete when slave B receives
the data.Application: The simple data sending and
receivingprogram can be used as a test for
communicationprocedure and a data transfer program.

B. Wireless full-duplex communication
Purpose: system engineering applications
Functional description:
MIG

It can implement the wirelessmonitoring program on
remote information with highreliability and
stability,and encrypt data with good security
applications. It can be used for parameter
monitoringand controlling in the field of metallurgy
industry, forwireless monitoring system and can be
applied to remotecontrolling, telemetry, small-scale
wireless networks,wireless meter reading, access
control systems, pagingsystems and so on .
C. Communication Quality Test
Purpose: To test the performance of
wirelesscommunication system.
Functional description: To count information
receivingand correct rate by sending and receiving
large amounts ofdata, to verify the effectiveness and
reliability of wirelesscommunication system. The
programming idea is basicallyidentical with the
simplex wireless transceiver
Applications: To test the communication quality
invarious communication environments.

D. Display test
Purpose: To test whether the control of LCD
workingnormally.
Functional description: To test the working status
ofLCD program by displaying all screen of
Chinesecharacters or letters, and by left, right, up and
down shiftoperation.
Applications: To test the display of LCD program
andLCD hardware are normal or not.

V. CONCLUSION
Save the template file using the Save As command.In
this newly created file, highlight all of the contents
andimport your prepared text file. The design based on
the SOPC technology inFPGA, achieves the design of
wireless data transceiversystem.It introduces the main
features,working modes andconfiguration of the wireless
digital chip nRF2401. The design of a circuit to
implement full-duplex communicationin sudden sending
mode is the key technology in datasendingprogram
development.
The advantages are asfollows:
The rate of information transmission is fast,it
canbe up to 1Mb / s at the best performance.
It has a high reliability, and can achieve 30 to
50meters indoor transceiver, and 200m outdoor
transceiver.
It has a friendly human-computer
interactiveinterface, and is more convenient in
operation with a LCD.
The system has features as simple structure,
lowcost and low power consumption and is
suitable foroutdoor environment and other
dynamic system statusmonitoring.
Though the design of the system achieves the wireless
communication system design to full extent, it also
hasobvious shortcomings such as the transmission power
isnot high enough.Therefore, it can be improved with the
help of this.

REFERENCES

[1]Design and Implementation of Wireless Transceiver
System Based on FPGA Mengmeng Zhang , Hao
Zhang,College of Information Engineering, China.
[2]Design and Implementation of HDLC Procedures
based on FPGAJun Wang, Wenhao Zhang, Yuxi Zhang,
Wei WuWeiguangChangBeihang University.
[3] Tang Xinlai, the Design Proposal of the Wireless
CorrespondenceLaunch and Receiver Module with
FPGA[J], MicrocomputerInformation, 2008, l, 2, 2l4,
2l5.
[4] Santarini, Michael, System on programmable chips
altera toolflow, Electronic Engineering Times, 2002
No.4.
[5]Xilinx company, MIG Processor Reference
Handbook.
[6]Kintex Ultrascale FPGA Base Targeted Reference
Design handbook.
[7]Vivado User Guide.