From Idea to Target

programming
micros
Spring 2002
Why then is it that many high-ranking
managers and really smart engineers
develop their own software development
tools? It can hardly be because they have
a lot of time to kill, nor can it be that
money isnt important to them.
I dont have the real answer to this
question, but I see it happening repeated-
ly in our marketin big companies with
considerable resources and mature devel-
opment processes as well as in smaller
ones with less resources and less mature
processes. Theyre everywherecompa-
nies that believe they need to develop
their own dental practice or plumbing
business to boot!
One could argue that this tendency is
due to a lack of adequate development
tools. In some cases it might be true, but
in most cases its not. More than likely, it
has do to with a lack of awareness about
available tools and expertise. Fortunately
there are global companies, such as IAR
Systems, who have focused on the task of
customizing and standardizing software
development tools for embedded develop-
ment.
In 2001 when many of our competi-
tors downsized due to diminishing sales,
IARs license business actually grew by
an impressive 28%. We managed to com-
plete numerous development projects for
our customers, which always resulted in
the delivery of either a standardized soft-
ware development tool or a customized
solution for special needs.
Perhaps you didnt know that IAR can
build the tools you need. We can produce
a very cost efficient solution for you by
drawing on our long experience, together
with a standard product portfolio that
lends itself to a virtually unlimited num-
ber of combinations. Our motto From
idea to target in half the time isnt just a
promise we continue to fulfill for count-
less embedded systems developers. Its
something we can offer you too.
Let IAR build your new development
environment there is no other company
that can offer such a unique combination
of products and services. Read all about
what we have to offer in this issue of
Programming Micros.
What? Are you afraid of the dentist
too? Ooops!
Last but not least, take care of yourself
and thanks for doing business with us.
Sincerely,
Tomas Wolf, CEO
Editorial
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2
Are you working on something
cool that was created with
tools from IAR Systems? Have
you brought an idea to life?
Want to share your success
with other embedded systems
engineers (the only ones who
really appreciate what you
do)?
Send us your success
stories along with a picture of
whatever it is you created to
programming.micros@iar.se,
we'll take the best of them and
show it off for you - to 40,000
of your colleagues in a future
issue of Programming Micros!
Created with
IAR tools?
New employees/New positions
Why its normally not a good idea to pull your own teeth!
Most of us wouldnt even dream of
trying to pull our own teeth when we
have a toothache. And how many of
us have done the plumbing in our
own homes? The same goes for a lot
of other things. Why? We dont do
these things simply because were not
experts in these fields. And we may
have learned the hard way that its
both cheaper and smarter to leave
some things to an expert.
Jan Hedin, Product
Development Manager.
Nacera Rahmani, Technical
Support.
Margareta Eriksson-Hrling,
Product Marketing Manager.
Mats Mariedahl, Technical
Support.
David Feng, Area Sales
Manager, Asia.
Lars Sjberg, Sales Manager
Bluetooth products.
Bluetoothis expected to take off this
year with worldwide sales of more than 80
million devices, compared to 10 million in
2001. As the market for Bluetooth devices
soars, IAR is focusing its efforts on the
Japanese market, where a number of com-
panies are leading technology development
in terms of application development. Many
Japanese companies have shown that they
are quick to integrate the latest and grea-
test technology into consumer products and
launch them in the marketplace.
Companies such as Toshiba, Sony, Sharp,
Seiko Epson are some good examples.
IAR Japan is expanding its Bluetooth
business and services quickly and success-
fully in Japan, having already launched its
new Bluetooth products and created co-
operation agreements with several leading
Japanese Bluetooth wireless technology
suppliers. In so doing, IAR has become
the only supplier capable of offering a
one-stop solution, from evaluation of
Bluetooth wireless technology to develop-
ment, debugging, testing, verification, and
qualification. No other supplier knows the
demands on embedded systems develop-
ment like IAR. Our unique expertise with
Bluetooth wireless technology makes IAR
an ideal partner.
In January 2002, IAR and our Japanese
partners, Softboat and Taiyo Yuden, held a
seminar tour in Tokyo and Osaka with 126
participants. Participants learned about the
latest developments within the Bluetooth
field and about the qualification process.
IAR and Taiyo Yuden also performed pop-
ular demonstrations of their Bluetooth
products. IAR also announced that we
now support the Taiyo Yuden Bluetooth
modules with our Bluetooth protocol
stack, and Taiyo Yuden proudly reported
that it is the first company in Japan, and
the 5th in the world, to be accredited as a
Bluetooth Qualification Test Facility
(BQTF).
3
The Viking conquers Japan
The professional Application Develop-
ment Services organization within IAR
Systems is ready to assist you in any
phase of the development processfrom
hardware design to software development
and Bluetooth qualification and testing.
IAR Systems in Sweden offers vast expe-
rience and expert skills in both hardware
development (design of ASICs and elec-
tronic boards) and embedded software
development. Our areas of expertise
include microcontroller and Microsoft
Windows device driver development,
WindowsCE development, automotive
(OSEK/CAN) and Bluetooth product
development.
The IAR consultants are involved in
the development of safety systems for
some of the world's most important auto-
motive companies. Our list of customers
include companies such as Combitech
Traffic Systems and Autoliv.
The Bluetooth consultants at IAR
Systems are the most qualified on the
market; among their achievements is one
of the most compact Bluetooth protocol
stacks in the world, the IAR Embedded
Bluetooth Protocol Stack.
Contact IAR Systems at info@iar.se
before your next embedded development,
whether you need expert consultants or
want to commission a complete embedded
systems development project including
both hardware and software development,
with or without Bluetooth capabilities!
News
Major Asian tele-
communications
company licenses
Bluetooth protocol
stack
One of the largest telecommuni-
cations companies in Asia
recently licensed the Bluetooth
protocol stack technology from
IAR Systems. Our technology
will be used in new products
being developed in Taiwan. The
highly compact Bluetooth
protocol stack along with the
IAR MakeApp stack configura-
tion and optimization tool
reduces development time as
well as production cost. The
selection of stack supplier was
made after a thorough evaluation
of available products, and under-
lines the strength of the IAR
product portfolio.
IAR and Toshiba
announce a partner-
ship on Bluetooth
wireless technology
for the automotive
industry
IAR Systems and Toshiba
Electronics Europe have
announced a partnership regard-
ing Bluetooth wireless techno-
logy for the automotive industry.
IAR Systems has adapted and
optimized the Bluetooth
protocol stack product for
Toshibas high-performance
TLCS900-H2 series of 32-bit
CISC microcontroller devices
and the OSEK operating system,
which are mainly targeted for
automotive customers and ve-
hicle applications. The compact
IAR stack will help reduce pro-
duction costs of automotive
applications that use the Toshiba
device.
Application Development
Services at your service!
Later this year, a new
version of the IAR Embedded
Workbench IDE will be avail-
able for all developers of
embedded systems who have
chosen the M16C microcon-
troller from Mitsubishi as
their target chip. The new
tools use the very latest IAR
technology and include a com-
plete range of features for effi-
cient application development.
New Integrated Develop-
ment Environment (IDE)
The new IDE rests on an entirely new
technology platform that includes many
improvements and new features such as:
Seamless integration of code develop-
ment and debugging for a truly itera-
tive work process.
Support for real backtracking.
The finest stepping granularity in an
embedded debugger.
True edit-while-debugging
capabilities for interactive correction
of errors.
The new IDE has a modular and exten-
sible architecture that allows plug-in
modules, such as hardware debugger
interfaces and RTOS support from both
IAR and our partners.
Easy migration
The new MC16C IAR C/EC++ Compiler
supports Embedded C++ for object-
oriented programming. Special care has
been taken to assure flexible application
design and smooth migration to the new
toolset:
Existing assembler routines can be
reused.
New combinations of processor vari-
ants and data models are possible,
similar to the Mitsubishi compiler.
The new calling convention resembles
Mitsubishis; the old IAR calling con-
vention is still supported.
Real-time debugging
In addition to the C-SPY simulator, there
is also a ROM-monitor version that sup-
ports Mitsubishis ROM-monitor and its
program. The ROM-monitor version can
be used with several Mitsubishi boards
(MSA0654, MEU2001, MDECE0201 and
MDECE0222) and with Glyns
EVBM16C/6x evaluation board. The
ROM-monitor includes the C-SPY simu-
lator features, and gives enables you to
run your application on real hardware.
Graphical XLINK setup tool
An important feature of the new M16C
toolkit is the graphical XLINK setup tool.
Now you can choose whether to graphi-
cally specify how to use different
memory areas on the chip or to customize
the linker command files in the traditional
way with the IAR Embedded Workbench
editor.
Automated device-driver
generation
In addition to the IAR Embedded
Workbench IDE, the IAR MakeApp for
M16C/62 is also available. By automati-
cally generating the device-driver source
code according to the settings in the
graphical user interface, IAR MakeApp
allows developers to focus on application
design rather than implementation.
New M16C toolset
with Embedded C++ in
the pipeline
4
The overall impression of the
EP2002, the biggest electronics
trade fair in the Nordic countries
held in Stockholm on 15-18
January was that embedded
developers, at least in Sweden,
are no longer just keeping up to
date with Bluetooth wireless
technology, but have actually
decided to begin to develop with
Bluetooth wireless technology.
Many company representa-
tives described Bluetooth pro-
jects which they had already bud-
geted for, such as strategic plans
to incorporate Bluetooth wireless
technology in their existing
product portfolio. This is a sig-
nificant change from a year or so
ago when interest in Bluetooth
was more general, and relatively
superficial.
IAR Systems was represented
at the EP2002 in the so called
Bluetooth Park, a joint effort by
the most important Bluetooth
players on the Swedish market.
Bluetooth Park housed an exhibi-
tion and a series of brief semi-
nars on relevant topics, such as
the Bluetooth certification
process and how to use the IAR
PreQual test tool to simplify that
process.
EP2002 Show
in Stockholm
15-18 January
Bluetooth crosses the
threshold to real embedded
projects
IAR Embedded Workbench Graphical User
Interface
Beef up the
system now!
Are you ready to join the ARM
community? The IAR Embedded
Workbench for ARM, with its opti-
mizing C/Embedded C++ compiler
and state-of-the-art debugger will
add power to your project.
The newest version of the IAR
Embedded Workbench, which
includes support for Multi-ICE, is
available soon. Order your IAR
Embedded Workbench before the
end of May, and get a 24 months
Software Upgrade Agreement for
free!
Add muscles to your product with the
IAR Embedded Workbench.
In 2001, the sales of the IAR Embedded
Workbench EW430 the IAR tool that
supports the MSP430 family of microcon-
trollers increased significantly, especi-
ally in the US and Asia, making it one of
our top-selling Embedded Workbench
products.
IAR Systems and Texas Instruments have
a long and close cooperation providing
first-class software tools for the MSP430
family. Our sales of the EW430 reflect
that cooperation. More recently they also
reflect Texas Instruments addition of
MSP430F43x and F44x to the MSP430
family. These two new device families
enable Texas Instruments to offer a
single-chip solution for analog data cap-
turing and embedded measurement
applications.
The new F43x/44x devices offer maxi-
mum integration on MSP430, combining
advanced analog integration, a broad set
of communication peripherals, and on-
chip LCD driver.
The MSP430 CPU, a 16-bit RISC
processor, features a set of just 27 instruc-
tions. The fully orthogonal core architec-
ture enables maximum versatility by
using all basic instructions with different
address modes, i.e. up to seven for the
MSP430. This makes the MSP430
extremely powerful for assembler pro-
gramming. It also enables compact and
efficient code when programming in C. A
set of different low power modes allows
effective utilization of the MSP430s
power with a standby current, i.e. active
oscillator, below 1A for some deriva-
tives while maintaining readiness to get
to full, active operation within 6s.
The MSP430F43x/44x family consists of
six different device configurations offer-
ing:
Flash memory from 16KB to 60KB.
Up to 2KB RAM.
Integrated 12-bit analog-to-digital
converter (ADC) with 5s conversion
time.
160 segment LCD driver.
2 pulse width modulation (PWM)
timers.
Up to 2 hardware USART modules
that can be used either in asyn-
chronous UART or SPI mode.
Integrated supply voltage supervisor
(SVS) to avoid brownout conditions.
Together with the MSP430 familys
unique ultra-low power consumption, the
new F43/44x devices offer a real system-
on-a-chip (SOC) solution for many bat-
tery driven applications in the portable
consumer and personal medical area.
Likewise they offer intelligent sensing
and metering for bus or line-powered end
equipment where both system cost and
performance are critical. An excellent
example of such equipment is single or
three-phase electricity meters, for which
the F43x/44x offers a complete platform
solution for a wide range of classes and
products. Since electricity meters are one
of the targeted areas for the new
MSP430F43x/44x family, Texas
Instruments offers comprehensive
documentation and application reports, as
well as demo software written in C
and a library for three-phase electrical
meters.
The MSP430 family
offers a new dimension
in single-chip
measurement solutions
5
News
Honeywell licenses
Bluetooth protocol
stack
Honeywell Federal Manufac-
turing & Technologies, part of
the diversified technology and
manufacturing leader Honeywell
International Inc., has placed an
order for the Bluetooth protocol
stack technology from IAR
Systems. This order is a strate-
gic breakthrough in the U.S.
market for IAR, and emphasizes
the value of the highly compact
code size in the Bluetooth proto-
col stack from IAR Systems!
B
U
Y
N
O
W
!
S
a
v
i
n
g
s $8
0
0
!
This offer is valid only in Europe and Asia
with the exception of Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Japan.
The availability of PIC18 parts with flash
memory and CAN drivers, coupled with
low cost, make the Realogy Real-Time
Architect (RTA) and the IAR Embedded
Workbench for PIC18 particularly attrac-
tive to the automotive market.
Predictable real-time OSEK-
compliant automotive applications
In todays increasingly complex automo-
tive applications, vehicle manufacturers
are demanding that applications make use
of an OSEK/VDX OS compliant RTOS to
control the complexity of the applica-
tions. RTA from LiveDevices is a real-
time design environment, that meets the
requirements of the high volume,
resource-constrained embedded market,
while providing an OSEK/VDX OS com-
pliant kernel that fits onto the smallest 8-
bit parts. This means that RTA is particu-
larly applicable to the Microchip PIC18
family.
The inclusion of a unique off-line
scheduling and optimization tool in the
RTA package addresses the important
goals of reduced product cost and
increased end-product reliability. The
stack minimization feature offers particu-
lar benefits to the PIC18 architecture.
Stack minimization
Perhaps the hardest constraint for an
RTOS on PIC18C architecture is the size
of the hardware stack: no more than 31
return addresses can be stored. In the
RTA kernel (SSX5), the use of a single
shot model allows the RTOS to be based
on a single stack, thus overcoming this
constraint. Tasks only need space on the
stack when they are actively running or
have been pre-empted in mid-execution.
Since tasks of the same priority cannot
run concurrently, we know in advance
that only one task will be present on the
stack at any one moment in time.
The stack minimization feature auto-
matically identifies the optimal allocation
of tasks to shared priority levels while also
guaranteeing that the system meets its tim-
ing requirements. Thus even for as many
as 16 tasks, no more than 4 tasks need to
appear on the stack at the same time.
The IAR Embedded Workbench IDE
for PIC18
A brand new toolkit for PIC18 will soon
be available from IAR Systems. The IAR
Embedded Workbench IDE for PIC18 is
based on IARs latest technology platform
and features an optimizing C/Embedded
C++ compiler and a completely integrat-
ed C-SPY debugger offering the finest
debugging granularity. With the combina-
tion of EWPIC18 and the Realogy Real-
Time Architect, developers of automotive
applications can benefit from a very pow-
erful set of programming tools.
6
Schedulability Analysis
Priority Allocation
Sensitivity Analysis
Build
Clock Optimzation
OIL FILE
Task Priorities
Real-Time Architect
ORTI Data
ORTI Aware
Debugger
EXE
Assembler
Timing Analysis
Results
OSEK Data OSEK Definitions
Application Source
Compiler
Object Files
Linker
SSX5
Library
Priority
Allocation
Software
Engineer
Real Time Architect
SSX5
OSEK OS
Periodic Schedules
Tasksets Planned Schedules
OSEK Enhancements
Combined Resources Internal Resources
Lightweight Tasks
Timing Analysis
Powerful set of programming tools for
developers of automotive applications
Microchip and LiveDevices
bringing the Internet to embedded
devices.
The Internet is virtually everywhere
today, invisibly connecting us to the
world around us from our homes, our
cars and our workplaces. One thing that
is still limiting the spread of this technol-
ogy, however, has been the cost of high
volume applications. Products like
LiveDevices Embedinet for the PIC18
family of low-cost 8-bit microcontrollers
are changing this.
At the heart of the Embedinet software
are two key components: a fully featured
TCP/IP stack and a priority based pre-
emptive real-time kernel enabling embed-
ded Internet system developers to exploit
the power of PIC18s family of microcon-
trollers. Key to its success has been the
ability to implement all of the above on a
tiny footprint, made possible by the
super-efficient kernel and an offline
graphic user-interface tool to create the
application software.
When building embedded Internet
applications using Embedinet, TCP/IP is
taken all the way to the PIC18 device.
This not only lowers the component cost
of the design, but also gives the designer
the confidence that their embedded appli-
cation will be able to connect to any other
device on the Internet.
Because it is based on standard
Internet protocols the Embedinet range of
products is ideal for any PIC18-based
application that requires Internet connec-
tivity. Typical applications include remote
configuration of a device using a web
interface, data upload from devices in the
field, problem alerts via mobile telephony
and many other remote telemetry applica-
tions.
Embedinet Application Layer Modules
(EALMs) are optional software compo-
nents that are available for use in con-
junction with the TCP/IP stack provided
as part of the Embedinet Pro SDK.
EALMs offer higher level application
level functionality, such as running a
webserver on the device or sending
emails and files to remote servers. These
include implementations of these higher
level Internet protocols (FTP, TFTP,
HTTP, DNS, SNTP, SMTP, DHCP, and
BOOTP).
LiveDevices has worked with
Microchip to ensure the Embedinet soft-
ware is implemented in the most efficient
way possible for the target architecture.
This efficiency has been enhanced con-
siderably through the use of the IAR
Embedded Workbench for the PIC18 in
the development of Embedinet.
Developers look to Microchip to pro-
vide the most cost-effective 8-bit solution
to their deeply embedded applications
and to IAR Systems to provide quality
development tools. By integrating
LiveDevices Embedinet, this concept can
now be extended to a total system cost,
enabling Internet connectivity to be
achieved on a minimum silicon budget,
essential where Internet connectivity at a
low price point is needed to enable high
volume take-up.
7
Maximum capability from the
minimum silicon budget
Is your PIC solution getting too tight?
If you have considered
moving to PIC18, or if
you already use PIC18, this
is a great time to add new possi-
bilites to your development environ-
mentorder your IAR Embedded
Workbench for PIC18 before the end
of May, and get a 24 months Soft-
ware Upgrade Agreement for free!
The new version of the IAR
Embedded Workbench for PIC18
includes the optimizing C/Embedded
C++ compiler, the state-of-the-art C-
SPY debugger and support for the
MPLAB-ICE 2000 Emulator.
B
U
Y
N
O
W
!
S
a
v
i
n
g
s $6
0
0
!
This offer is valid only in Europe and Asia
with the exception of Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Japan.
Simulate complete microprocessor-
based systems at near real-time speeds
8
IAR Systems Ltd., UK, is proud to
announce the Proteus VSM package that
compliments the IAR Embedded
Workbench tools by enabling design
engineers to model even more rapidly,
and thus further reducing time to
market.
What is Proteus VSM?
Proteus VSM combines mixed-mode cir-
cuit simulation, animated components and
full hardware models of popular micro-
controllers.
The result is incredible: a product that
can simulate complete microprocessor-
based systems at near real-time
speeds!
This is not just a CPU simulator -
VSM will simulate your entire design
including both digital and analogue
electronics.
Proteus VSM allows an engineer to
develop and test complete microcontroller
designs without building a physical proto-
type. Proteus VSM simulates the CPU
and any other electronics used in designs,
and in real time.
CPU models for PIC16, AVR, 68HC11
and 8051 series micro-controllers are
available now. More CPU models are
currently under development.
Interactive device models include
LCD displays, RS232 terminal, uni-
versal keypad plus a range of swit-
ches, buttons, pots, LEDs, 7 segment
displays and more.
Extensive debugging facilities inclu-
ding register and memory contents,
breakpoints and single step modes.
Source level C and assembly debug-
ging supported for IAR Systems deve-
lopment tools.
Integrated make utility to compile
and simulate with one keystroke.
Over 4000 standard SPICE models
included. Fully compatible with lea-
ding manufacturers SPICE models.
DLL interfaces provided for applica-
tion specific models.
Based on industry standard SPICE3F5
mixed mode circuit simulator.
Integrates with PROTEUS PCB
Design to form a complete electronics
design system.
What can I do with it?
If you are involved in developing micro-
controller-based systems, Proteus VSM
will allow you to start software develop-
ment before there is a physical prototype
to work on. The package includes models
for common peripheral devices such as
LCD displays, keypads, buttons, switches
and LEDs, and you can add your own
models to the system too. Consequently
you can try out your software, for real, on
a virtual version of your entire product.
Proteus VSM also integrates fully with
the Labcenter PCB design products. So
once you have perfected your design in
the VSM simulator, it is a simple step to
lay out the PCB for manufacture.
What debugging tools are provided?
The CPU models allow single stepping of
machine code generated by any tool and
for setting breakpoints within your pro-
gram. In addition, you can trigger break-
points on hardware conditions (e.g. logic
states or node voltages) and then single
step the code to see what happens next.
With IAR Systems development tools,
IAR Systems is proud to release a new
version of the popular Bluetooth Starter
Kit, which now includes a Bluetooth
PC-Card for use in laptops. Thus, one
Bluetooth Starter Kit contains two
Bluetooth nodes and enables you to set up
a working Bluetooth evaluation or proto-
typing system in minutes!
The popular Bluetooth Starter Kit
contains a Bluetooth electronic board that
can be used as a reference design, as well
as a Bluetooth PC-Card for use with a
laptop. Full hardware descriptions are
included, along with schematic
diagrams.
A pre-compiled Bluetooth protocol
stack is included as a Win32 DLL, as are
a Win32 demo application and sample
projects for use with Microsoft Visual
C/C++.
Buy a Bluetooth Starter Kit and
get started with Bluetooth development
now!
9
full high level language source debugging
is also possible.
Which CPU models are available?
Currently, there are models for the
Microchip PIC16, Atmel AVR, Motorola
68HC11 and Intel 8051/8052 families.
More models are being created in response
to customer demand. Feel free to let us
know which processors you are using.
What other devices are
modeled?
Proteus VSM is based on a mixed mode
SPICE circuit simulator and can make
use of any standard SPICE models avail-
able from component manufacturers via
the Internet. Over 4000 such models are
supplied with the package including resis-
tors, capacitors transistors, diodes, op-
amps, TTL and CMOS ICs, RAMs,
EPROMs and much more. Apart from
these purely electrical devices, there is
also a library of interactive components
including LEDs, switches, buttons, and
potentiometers. Finally, there are the
more complex VSM models, which cur-
rently include alphanumeric LCD dis-
plays, multiplexed LED displays, a uni-
versal matrix keypad model, and RS232
terminals. As with the CPU models, more
devices will be added as demand dictates
and we also wish to encourage the entire
user community to get involved in model
creation through the VSM marketplace on
Labcenters website.
Can I create my own models?
There are a number of ways to create
your own models:
a) If the device is purely electrical, then a
manufacturers SPICE model may
exist. If not, then you can use the
simulator primitive devices (e.g. volta-
ge-controlled current source, or 4 bit
counter) to construct an electrical
model for the device.
b) If the device is interactive, and simple
in operation (e.g. a light bulb), then
VSM provides a scheme which allows
the creation of many interactive
models without having to resort to
programming.
c) For more complex devices, a full set
of C++ interfaces exists which allows
you to create models that can combine
electrical and graphical behavior in
almost any way you can imagine.
Bluetooth Starter Kit
Start evaluating
Bluetooth now!
Purchase 2 Bluetooth Starter Kits
before the end of May, and get 2
telephone handsets free of charge!
One Bluetooth Starter Kit is all
that is needed to start evaluating
Bluetooth wireless technology for
data transmission, but with 2
Bluetooth Starter Kits and the tele-
phone handsets you can use the
Bluetooth voice transmission capa-
bilities as well!
B
U
Y
N
O
W
!
S
a
v
i
n
g
s $2
4
0
!
This offer is valid only in Europe and Asia
with the exception of Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Japan.
IAR Systems has recently expanded its
Bluetooth product portfolio with IAR
PreQual for Bluetooth qualification and
testing. Thus IAR Systems has become a
total partner for Bluetooth development,
from early product development to quali-
fication and testing.
The breadth of proposed applications and
the nearly universal allocation of radio
spectrum indicate that Bluetooth wireless
technology has the potential to penetrate
the global market more deeply than any
other wireless technology. Since the tar-
get market both systems integrators and
end-users do not have a strong wireless
communication background, the
Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)
identified a need to control the pedigree
of devices claiming to support Bluetooth.
Hence the Bluetooth Qualification
Program (BQP) was conceived to ensure
interoperability between products bearing
the Bluetooth label, a prerequisite for
Bluetooth success.
Bluetooth Qualification Program
The BQP establishes the rules and proce-
dures by which manufacturers must
demonstrate their products compliance
with Bluetooth specifications and the
process by which the Bluetooth label may
be used by product manufacturers and
distributors. Thus, qualification is a part
of the critical path to market for all
Bluetooth developers.
Bluetooth is unique among high-tech
devices in that it is expected to appear in
a wide range of applications from con-
sumer goods to industrial and military
equipment. While Bluetooth is at the
leading edge of wireless technology and
presents many design challenges for man-
ufacturers, end-user expectations will be
simple: if a device claims to support
Bluetooth, then it should work seamlessly
with other devices claiming to support
Bluetooth. The success of Bluetooth is
thus closely associated with confidence in
reliable interoperability.
The traditional approach to interoper-
ability involves testing each product
against all other products. This is, of
course, impractical considering the great
number of Bluetooth devices in develop-
ment. While product-to-product testing
remains important, a more practical
approach to interoperability testing
involves the use of standardized confor-
mance testing to verify that an implemen-
tation performs in accordance with a par-
ticular standard or specification. Such
testing assumes that all devices that pass
the same test are likely to operate togeth-
er. Apart from reduced cost for testing,
this approach enables comparison of test
results. Conformance testing plays a
major role in the Bluetooth Qualification
Program and has already been used suc-
cessfully for other wireless standards
such as GSM.
The first BQP step involves submitting
a description of the Bluetooth devices
under development and signing the
Bluetooth adopters agreement. The
adopter can then retrieve a range of
applicable documents from the Bluetooth
website, including all applicable test
information. It is then the adopters
responsibility to engage the services of a
Bluetooth Qualification Body (BQB) for
advice and assistance throughout the
qualification process.
Secondly, the adopter will be request-
ed to use a Bluetooth Qualification Test
Facility, to run a number of defined tests
and generate a test report in an approved
format. The format of the required test
report follows the Qualification Program
Reference Document (PRD). The compli-
ance folder test report must be submitted
to the BQB who checks it against the
Bluetooth specifications and the original
product description submitted by the
adopter. If approved, the product will be
entered into the qualified product data-
base. Only approved products are autho-
rized to use the Bluetooth label.
DOI Push
Dunch
FAX
DUN Cordless
FTP
LAN Access
FTP
Intercom
SPP
GAP
Audio
TCS-Bin RFCOMM SDP
OBEX
L2CAP
LinkManager
BaseBand
RF
TCI
HCI
Target for
PreQual
Bluetooth qualification and testing
10
Bluetooth protocol stack and profiles.
IAR PreQual front-end.
Where does IAR PreQual fit in?
Several years ago BQP engineers foresaw
a need for a relatively inexpensive test
executor that manufacturers could use,
either to qualify or pre-qualify devices
before sending them to the BQTF. Thus
the IAR PreQual, a generic software test
executor with a Bluetooth implementa-
tion, was developed to enable manufac-
turers to execute several of the BQTF
tests on their own. The focus would be on
interfaces, such as the Host Controller
Interface, upper protocols such as
L2CAP, SDP and RFCOMM, profiles
such as GAP and SPP and most impor-
tantly, applications such as LAN Access,
Headset, Dial Up Networking, etc.
Bluetooth hardware (Radio, Baseband
and Link Manager) would, for most man-
ufacturers, be purchased from another
company in pre-qualified chip-sets.
Test and debug with IAR PreQual
IAR PreQual is not a very complicated
program from an end-user perspective. It
contains two graphical users interfaces:
one for execution, set up and logging of
the test suites and another with the
graphical logging.
The logging functionality in IAR
PreQual makes it extremely useful for
pure test and debugging.
The graphical log, which logs all mes-
saging events, uses a standard (ITU-T
Z.120) called Message Sequence Chart
(MSC). Following this log, the user will be
notified directly when something is wrong
with the message sequence. The state
FAIL or INCONC(lusive) will appear.
In the event that something is wrong
with the message, the user simply opens
the detailed log to find out, and thus
enable correction of, the error.
Qualify with IAR PreQual
There are four categories of test cases in
the Bluetooth Qualification Program,
with different requirements:
Category A:
Must be executed by a BQTF.
Category B:
Mandatory test cases. The manu-
facturer can perform these without a
BQTF. Evidence of correct behavior
must be produced and examined by a
BQB.
Category C:
Mandatory test cases The manufactu-
rer can perform these without a BQTF.
No evidence required by a BQB.
Category D:
Non-mandatory, informative test cases.
IAR PreQual is extremely effective for
Category B and C and can be used for
pre-qualification of Category A test cases.
Test evidence must be submitted in the
format described in the Qualification
Program Reference Document (PRD).
IAR PreQual provides a Test Report
Generator which automatically produces
the necessary documentation.
Purchase IAR PreQual before the
end of May, and get an extra
Profile test suite included free of
charge! IAR PreQual is the
premium Bluetooth test and
debug system, as it can verify that
your new Bluetooth product con-
forms to the Bluetooth specifica-
tion, whereby making the
Bluetooth qualification process
faster and easier. Make sure your
new Bluetooth product is quali-
fied in time for the Bluetooth
Congress in June!
11
Detailed log.
MSC log with INCONC state reached.
Generated Test Report for L2CAP
version 1.0b.
Get qualified
in time
for Bluetooth
congress!
B
U
Y
N
O
W
!
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a
v
i
n
g
s
$6. 0
0
0
!
This offer is valid only in Europe and Asia
with the exception of Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Japan.
The FPSLIC (Field Programmable
System Level Integrated Circuits) from
Atmel Corporation combine logic, memo-
ry and a microcontroller, in an SRAM
field programmable device.
FPSLIC have several interesting features
all of which are fully supported by the
IAR Embedded Workbench for AVR
(V2.25 or later).
FPSLIC features
FPSLIC devices combine the fastest stan-
dard product version (25MHz) of the
Atmel AVR microprocessor core-execut-
ing out of on-chip SRAM, with between
5K and 40K gates of FPGA and up to
36KBytes of on-chip SRAM. The on-chip
SRAM is partitioned into program and
data SRAM and the exact partition of
SRAM are user- defined during code
compile. In the two larger FPSLIC
devices (AT94K10 and AT94K40) the
SRAM can be partitioned 4 ways as fol-
lows: 20KB program and 16KB Data,
24KB Program and 12KB data, 28KB
Program and 8KB data and the default
32KB Program and 4KB data. In the
smaller AT94K05 device the partition is
similar, but with a smaller amount of
standard program memory: 4KB program
and 16KB Data, 8KB program and 12KB
data, 12KB program and 8KB data, and
the default 16KB Program and 4KB data.
The memory partition is designed this
way to ensure maximum flexibility for
the on-chip SRAM. During code compile,
options can be set to determine the mem-
ory partition used in the FPSLIC device
(see figure 1). If the application calls for
more data, SRAM and a little program
code space, embedded systems designers
have the flexibility to make that trade off.
Additional off-chip SRAM can be sup-
ported for data storage through the on-
chip FPGA resources if needed.
Up and running in no time
Converting existing C code to FPSLIC is
easily supported, and even the most com-
plex systems have been verified and suc-
cessfully targeted to AVR FPSLIC using
the IAR compiler, with minimum changes
required. In addition, the ioat94K.h file
contains all the I/O details required to
rapidly complete the AVR FPSLIC code.
Most code conversion issues are associat-
ed with running the AVR at a higher
clock speed (certain delays expected),
interfacing the AVR with the FPGA and
non-volatile memory support. The AVR
FPSLIC contains 129 powerful standard
AVR instructions including support for a
2-cycle 8x8-hardware multiplier on chip.
Unlike other standard AVR devices, how-
ever, FPSLIC does not have any on-chip
EEPROM or FLASH, so the
FLASH/EEPROM programming instruc-
tions have been removed. The IAR com-
piler is aware of these issues and com-
piles the code accordingly. Non-volatile
memory storage is easily supported using
the Atmel Configurator device which is
used to load the FPSLIC FPGA, program
code and data SRAM at system power-up
(just like an FPGA). The AVR code is
basically shadowed from the configurator
into FPSLIC on chip SRAM for execution.
The unused parts of the serial configura-
tion memory can be accessed easily from
the FPSLIC device for non-volatile memo-
ry storage using the FPSLIC on-chip
industry standard 2-wire serial interface.
Application notes are available, which
include software drivers to access the
configurator non-volatile memory, and
have been verified with the IAR compiler.
These application notes show how this
device capability can be used as a simple
file server or data storage device. In addi-
tion, remote updates of the complete
FPGA, Data and AVR program code per-
sonality can easily be performed using
this mechanism, by remotely updating the
program code stored in the configuration
memory.
12
IAR Embedded Workbench for AVR
fully supports the Atmel FPSLIC
Partitioning the memory of the FPSLIC is easily done with the IAR Embedded Workbench
for AVR.
Interested in
FPSLIC?
See www.iar.com for information
about the current EWAVR offering
to FPSLIC customers!
IAR Systems recently released a new ver-
sion of its highly compact Embedded
Bluetooth Protocol Stack. With enhanced
support for advanced features and sup-
port for more Bluetooth chip-sets, the
Bluetooth protocol stack from IAR is
clearly the premium choice for embedded
developers!
IAR can offer one of the most compact
Bluetooth protocol stacks in the world,
enabling small and medium sized embed-
ded systems developers to exploit this
impressive new wireless communications
technology. And with the help of our IAR
MakeApp stack configuration and opti-
mization tool, you can make development
even faster and easier while lowering pro-
duction costs.
Versatile Profile support
The stack supports the most commonly
used profiles for data and voice applica-
tions, such as the Generic Access Profile
(GAP), Service Discovery Application
Profile (SDAP), Serial Port Profile (SPP)
and Headset Profile (HSP).
Furthermore, Object Exchange
(OBEX) and the File Transfer Profile
(FTP) for exchange of files and other data
objects are being developed, as are the
LAN Access Profile (LAP) for wireless
Internet and Network access. The
Handsfree Profile (HFP) will soon be
released for automotive voice applica-
tions too.
All stack profiles expose an easy to
use, high-level Application Program
Interface (API) which the application pro-
gram can use to easily access Bluetooth
functionalities, such as virtual serial
ports, voice or file transfer capabilities.
Enhanced core features
The latest version of the IAR stack con-
tains a new Security Manager with sup-
port for Authentication, Pairing, Bonding
and Encryption, as well as a Power
Manager that controls the Park, Sniff and
Hold modes. Support for Role-switching
and a new Connection Manager have
been added too, providing facilities for
fine-grained control of the stack be-
haviour from the application program.
Extensive chip-set support
IAR is striving to provide the best
Bluetooth protocol stack solution for
embedded systems developers. Our stack
works with most major Bluetooth chip-
sets, such as ALPS, CSR, Ericsson, Taiyo
Yuden and Xemics. It also supports dif-
ferent transport protocols, such as USB
and UART.
13
Embedded Bluetooth Protocol Stack
Design choices
FPSLIC offer more design choices than a
standard MCU. FPSLIC devices also
have a more involved design flow than a
standard microcontroller, due mainly to
the flexibility made available with the on-
chip FPGA. All FPSLIC devices come
with a fixed set of AVR peripherals (2
UARTs, 3 Timers/counters, industry stan-
dard 2 wire interface, Watchdog timer, 2
I/O ports, a hardware multiplier and sup-
port for 4 external interrupts). Most
developers use the on-chip FPGA in one
or more of three different ways:
Firstly, peripheral set expansion can be
performed to easily add an additional stan-
dard AVR peripheral to the FPGApart of
the FPSLIC device. Additional ports,
timers, UARTs etc can quickly and easily
be added to the FPGAto support the AVR.
Secondly, application acceleration can
be supported by performing cycle inten-
sive data-crunching algorithms in the
FPGA. If you have nested FOR loops
with inner loop calculations, converting
that code to FPGA logic with its inherent
parallelism may significantly accelerate
the application. Data values can be taken
from the on-chip SRAM (which is acces-
sible from both he AVR and the FPGA)
or streamed from the AVR to the FPGA
(and results streamed back).
Thirdly, interface logic is often imple-
mented in the FPGA to allow the FPSLIC
device to operate as a bridge. The pow-
erful AVR can easily implement (bit
bang) several interface standards on one
side of the bridge and the FPGA may
contain logic to implement the other side
of the bridge.
Seamless integration of tools
find out more!
The IAR compiler is tightly integrated
into the Atmel SystemDesigner tool flow
and seamlessly interfaces with the other
tools provided in the complete FPSLIC
development suite. Code examples for the
IAR compiler as well as code macros are
available, which allow FPSLIC capabili-
ties to be quickly and efficiently exploited
by the embedded system designer. More
information on the application notes men-
tioned in this article can be found at
http://www.atmel.com/atmel/products/pro
d318.htm or can be obtained by e-mailing
fpslic@atmel.com . More information on
the IAR Embedded Workbench for AVR,
including a 30-day evaluation version,
can be found at http://www.iar.com
Get started
with Bluetooth
development!
Purchase our Embedded
Bluetooth Protocol Stack before
the end of May, and get a test run
in IAR PreQual free of charge!
Our Bluetooth protocol stack is
extremely compact, delivered in
portable ANSI-C, and comes with
the IAR MakeApp stack con-
figuration and optimization tool.
B
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$10
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This offer is valid only in Europe and Asia
with the exception of Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Japan.
IAR Systems has begun to successfully
face the Asian challenge. Close coopera-
tion with our Asian distributors and
active promotion of our embedded system
development tools managed to increase
our sales in Asia by unprecedented
numbers in 2001 compared to 2000.
Major market for telecom and
consumer products
Asia is the worlds biggest hidden market
for telecommunication and consumer
products, due primarily to its large popu-
lation and increasing power consumption.
And since last year, when China and
Taiwan entered the World Trade
Organization, commerce between
European and Asian countries has
increased significantly.
The decrease in sales of 8 and 16-bit
microprocessors, however, made the year
2001 difficult for the semiconductor
industry in Asia. The rapid increase, on
the other hand, in the sales of 32 bits,
DSP (Digital System Processing) and
SOC (System on Chips), especially pow-
erful chips for wireless communication
devices such as Bluetooth, is pro-
mising. ARM chips, for example, are suit-
able for wireless communication, and
Atmel AVR, 8051, TI MSP430 chips are
particularly useful for consumer devices.
Thus the embedded systems product
research and the design market are partic-
ularly promising. And it appears that most
design services in this area will focus on
the telecommunication and consumer
market in the next few years.
Graphical design tools
A good graphical programming interface
design for lower level chip targets makes
it easy to validate product design quality
and increase product design reliability. At
the same time it shortens product devel-
opment time and saves resources for
embedded systems development. IAR can
provide Asian customers with a total solu-
tion for embedded systems development.
Not only do we offer more than 40 differ-
ent types of C compilers and debugger
platforms, but also graphical program-
ming design tools IAR visualSTATE
and the device driver generator IAR
MakeApp; a Bluetooth protocol stack and
testing qualification tool, IAR PreQual.
Collaboration with distributors
We are currently working very closely
with our Asian distributors to promote
and sell embedded systems graphical
design tools and provide total solutions
for embedded systems development to
key companies in the region, such as LG
Electronics, China Chonghua Telecom.
Many of our Asian distributors have
formed local technical sales and support
forces for IAR visualSTATE and embed-
ded systems total solution services. Our
distributors hold technical seminars,
tradeshows and conferences in their
region and can handle customer support
issues on their own.
At the same time we are developing
our marketing strategy together with our
local distributors whose active sales and
technical forces will be used to execute
the planned activities. Some of the mar-
keting activities already in the pipeline
include university promotion programs,
free training for new customers and eval-
uation license services for target cus-
tomers.
Product task force
Because IARs total solution for embed-
ded systems development is more com-
plex than simply selling a C compiler and
debugger, it places stringent demands on
our distributors understanding of our
products as well as on the kind of sales
and technical support required. By build-
ing up a more professional sales and tech-
nical support force in every Asian coun-
try, IAR can provide better quality prod-
uct services to our local customers and
better promotion of our graphical design
tools.
A product task force for IAR
visualSTATE and Bluetooth products was
formed at the end of last year. This task
force will work closely together with our
distributors to provide high quality sales
support and technical training and help
build up a more professional local sales
and technical support team.
Several sales and technical training
workshops for Asian distributors were
arranged by the IAR visualSTATE and
Bluetooth products task force at the end
of 2001 and beginning of 2002.
Cooperation with key customers
IAR will continue to strengthen the good
relationships we have with chip manufac-
tures worldwide. Since we also have
products on the user application level,
such as IAR visualSTATE and Bluetooth
products, we will also develop business
relationships with key customers working
with application development in the Asian
area. By providing professional customer
support, IAR and our Asian distributors
hope to better target customer needs.
14
IAR Systems on the Asian market
Meeting between IAR Systems and Korean distributors.
The Embedded Systems Show in
Nuremberg reflected the reality of IAR
Systems business idea: Increased soft-
ware complexity and shorter design
cycles, coupled with higher demands on
generic software documentation and
detailed test reports, are the driving force
behind a new generation of development
tools.
With the successful introduction of IAR
visualSTATE, a graphical programming
tool which can even be run on 8-bit con-
trollers, our customers acknowledged
the importance of better productivity
and design security. Our customers
also flocked to the Bluetootharea,
where ROBBIE, our Bluetooth-controlled
robot, performed together with IAR
PreQual, a tool which enables customers
to automatically document for the
Bluetooth Qualification Board, and where
IAR demonstrated complete support, from
Bluetooth starter kits to complete consult-
ing support.
Last, but not least, our customers were
pleased to see that Generation 3 of the
IAR Embedded Workbench meets their
needs for a more efficient debug-environ-
ment.
15
Online
purchase
The following IAR MakeApp
products can be downloaded and
purchased directly over the web:
IAR MakeApp for ZiLOG
eZ80
IAR MakeApp for Mitsubishi
M16C62
The online
purchase prices for
the products are just
$199
excluding the Support and Update
Agreement which can be pur-
chased separately for $199 per
license and year.
To purchase the product visit
http://www.iar.com/Purchase and
go to the online purchase page for
the product. Fill in your purchase
order and we will email you the
license number and an order con-
firmation. When you confirm the
order you must also choose type
of payment, by credit card or
invoice.
IAR MakeApp
products for Hitachi
Hitachi has recently ordered two
new IAR MakeApp products:
IAR MakeApp for SH
(supporting SH7047 in the
first release)
IAR MakeApp for H8S
(supporting H8S/2633 in the
first release)
The new products will be devel-
oped with the IAR MakeApp
generation 4 technology and will
be available during 2002 Q1 and
Q2.
Embedded Systems
Show in Nuremberg
19-21 February
N
e
w
!
EW = IAR Embedded Workbench
MP = IAR MakeApp
ARM
EWARM V 3.11
Atmel AVR AT90S
EWA90 V 1.52
EWAVR V 2.27
MPAVR V 3.02
Hitachi H8/300
EWH8300 V 4.21
MPH83 V 3.12
Hitachi H8S & H8/300H
EWH8 V 1.53
MPH8 New! V 4.00
MPH8S V 3.22
MPH8S21 V 3.12
MPH83H V 2.00
Hitachi SuperH
EWSH V 1.12
MP7040 V 3.22
MP7050 V 3.22
MP7055 V 3.22
MP7700 V 3.32
MPSH New! V 4.00
MPSH1 V 2.00
Intel 8051
EW8051 V 5.52
Intel 251
EW251 V 2.30
Intel 80x96
EWx96 V 6.01
Microchip PIC 16&17
EWPIC V 2.20
Microchip PIC 18
EWPIC18 V 2.10
Microchip dsPIC
EWdsPIC New! V 1.10
Mitsubishi 740
EW740 V 2.14
Mitsubishi 7700
EW7700 V 1.34
Mitsubishi M16C/6x
EWM16C V 1.36
MPM16C62 V 4.00
Mitsubishi M32C
EWM32C New! V 2.11
Motorola 68HC11
EW6811 V 4.46
Motorola 68HC12
EW6812 V 2.43
Motorola 68HC16
EW6816 V 2.11
National Semiconductor COP8
Feature Family
EWCOP8 V 1.31
National Semiconductor CR16
EWCR16 V 1.43
EWCR16DIPV 1.43
National Semiconductor CR16C
EWCR16C New! V 1.11
NEC 78K0/K0S
EW78000 V 3.34
NEC 78K4
EW78400 V 1.33
NEC V850
EWV850 V 2.20
OKI
EW65K V 2.11
Samsung SAM8
EWSAM8 V 1.50
Sharp MK5
EWMK5 V 1.21
Texas Instruments MSP 430
EW430 V 1.26
Toshiba TLCS 900
EWT900 V 1.10
MPTX V 3.20
Western Design Center
EW6502 V 2.13
Zilog Z80/64180
EWZ80 V 4.06
Zilog eZ80
EWeZ80 New! V1.15
MPeZ80 New! V 4.00
Are you sure that you have the latest
versions of all IAR software?
By signing a Software and Upgrade
Agreement (SUA) you are guaranteed
continuous access to the latest versions
of the programs included in your current
tool set.
IAR PARTNERS
ARM Atmel Ericsson
Hitachi Intel Microchip
Mitsubishi Motorola
National Semiconductor
NEC OKI Samsung
Sharp Texas Instruments
Toshiba Zilog
Copyright 2001 IAR Systems AB. IAR visualSTATE and C-SPY are registered trademarks owned by IAR Systems.
IAR Embedded Workbench, IAR MakeApp and IAR PreQual are trademarks owned by IAR Systems. All other products
are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners. Product features, availability, pricing and other terms
and conditions are subject to change by IAR Systems without prior notice. The BLUETOOTH trademarks are owned by
Bluetooth SIG, Inc., U.S.A. and licensed to IAR Systems AB.
2002.01 www.iar.com
IAR Systems Sales Offices
IAR Systems Application Dev.
SWEDEN: IAR Systems AB
P.O. Box 23051 - S-750 23 Uppsala
Phone: +46 18 16 78 00
Fax: +46 18 16 78 38
Email: info@iar.se
USA: IAR Systems US HQ - West Coast
Century Plaza, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd.
Foster City, CA 94404
Tel: +1 650 287 4250
Fax: +1 650 287 4253
Email: info@iar.com
USA: IAR Systems - East Coast
2 Mount Royal
Marlborough, MA 01752
Phone: +1 508 485 2692
Fax: +1 508 485 9126
Email: info@iar.com
JAPAN: IAR Systems K.K.
1-2 Kanda-Ogawamachi,Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 101 0052
Phone: +81 3 3251 0886
Fax: +81 3 3256 4791
E-mail: info@iarsys.co.jp
GERMANY: IAR Systems AG
Posthalterring 5
D-85599 Parsdorf
Phone: +49 89 88 98 90 80
Fax: +49 89 88 98 90 81
Email: info@iar.de
UK: IAR Systems Ltd
Suite 318, Gainsborough Business
Centre, Hamilton House, Mabledon
Place, Euston, London, WC1H 9BB
Phone: +44 207 554 8585
Fax: +44 207 554 8586
Email: info@iarsys.co.uk
DENMARK: IAR Systems A/S
Lykkesholms All 100
DK-8260 Viby J
Phone: +45 87 34 11 00
Fax: +45 87 34 11 90
Email: info@iar.dk
SWEDEN: IAR Systems Jonkoping AB
Klubbhusgatan 13
Box 273, SE-551 14 Jnkping
Phone: +46 36 34 50 00
Fax: +46 36 34 50 01
Email: info@iar.se
IAR Systems AB
Kungsgatan 6, SE-211 49 Malm
Phone: +46 40 625 7700
Fax: +46 40 12 95 30
Email: info@iar.se
USA: Nuvation Labs Corporation
Silicon Valley Headquarters
234 East Gish Road, 2nd Floor
San Jose, CA 95112
Phone: +1 408 573 1500
Fax: +1 408 573 8912
Email: services@iar.com
GERMANY: IAR Systems AG
See address above
Microcontrollers
supported by IAR
Systems
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