Advancements is GMPLS

Hanan Liaqat Bhatti

Bilal Aziz
Samad Riaz
MSEE 05 (Telecommunications and Computer Networks)





School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan.


1) GMPLS Adaptive Level of Recovery [3]
Protection and restoration mechanisms are essential to deliver an adequate QoS to the end users
and to support the carrier-grade availability requirements. Concerning (G)MPLS networks,
protection and restoration schemes are defined in RFC4427 [1]. Since the expansion of
(G)MPLS networks, efforts have been done to improve the recovery efficiency, either by
improving the resource consumption efficiency of protection mechanisms [2], or, in a more
common way, by decreasing the recovery time of the resource efficient restoration techniques.
Despite the evolutions to improve both recovery mechanisms and with regards to the static
nature of current recovery strategies, the configuration choice is still a compromise between
speed and resource consumption. The researchers are working to improve the performance of
GMPLS recovery techniques by introducing failure prediction in the network elements. In [3]
authors present a new proactive mechanism to improve recovery efficiency based on a risk
assessment using online failure prediction to assess upcoming failures. The GMPLS protocol
impacts have been studied in order to guarantee the applicability of the function to the existing
GMPLS networks.

2) SDN-based Service Orchestration of OpenFlow and GMPLS flexi-grid networks
with a stateful hierarchical PCE[4]
Cloud applications involve an increasing amount of traffic between data centers (DC), and
require efficient network architectures in terms of cost, energy consumption and reliability for
end-to-end connectivity provisioning and adaptive traffic control in a very dynamic context
regarding forwarding entries and policies (intra-DC) with long haul, potentially multi-carrier
aggregated transport (inter-DC). For the former, the application of Software Defined Networking
(SDN) fulfills such requirements whereas, for the latter, a GMPLS/PCE control plane, accounts
for existing deployments and return on investment. Consequently, the interworking between
GMPLS and SDN/OpenFlow needs to be solved. In [4] authors have worked for end to end
connectivity provisioning in which OpenFlow and GMPLS control planes interwork by means of
a stateful PCE that coordinates the provisioning.

3) Dynamic Distributed Spectrum Allocation in GMPLS-controlled Elastic Optical
Networks[5]
Current wavelength switched optical networks (WSON) are based on a fixed ITU-T DWDM
wavelength grid, for a fixed set of channel spacing options (e.g., 12.5 GHz, 25 GHz, 50 GHz and
100 GHz). This rigid grid-based approach does not seem adapted to new data rates beyond 100
Gbps, and it is particularly inefficient when a whole wavelength is assigned to a lower speed
optical path (e.g., 10 Gb/s) that does not fill the entire wavelength capacity. Recently, a novel
architecture introducing elasticity and adaptation into the optical domain called the spectrum
sliced elastic optical path network (SLICE) has been proposed [7]. In [5] authors have presented
and assessed the feasibility of a distributed spectrum allocation approach in GMPLS controlled
Elastic Optical Networks, evaluating the performance of different resources allocation
algorithms.

4) Dynamic Topology Reconfiguration for Energy Efficient Multi-layer Network using
Extended GMPLS with Link Power Control [6]

To realize TE in the multi-layer network, GMPLS (Generalized Multi Protocol Label Switching)
is a very powerful tool. GMPLS can control multi-layer paths such as MPLS path, Ethernet
VLAN path,SDH/SONET path, OTN ODU path, and wavelength path. In [6] authors have
proposed an energy efficient multi-layer network using extended GMPLS which is called the
MiDORi GMPLS,with link power control.

5) Sleeping Link Selection for Energy-Efcient GMPLS Networks[8]
The expected growth rate of internet is placed between 34% and 50% per year and may lead to
an unprecedented growth in power consumption in the telecommunication networks, especially
in core networks. The most effective strategy to reduce power consumption proportional to the
network utilization is to power down the unused network devices and set them insleep mode[9].
MiDORi project was the first one to address power consumption in GMPLS by considering a
generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) control plan [6]. In [8] authors investigated
the sleep mode support in dynamic wavelength-switched optical networks (WSON) controlled
by the GMPLS suite.

References
[1] E. Mannie, and D. Papadimitriou, "Recovery Terminology for Generalized Multi-Protocol
Label Switching", RFC 4427, Mars 2006.
[2] A. Giorgetti, N. Andriolli, L. Valcarenghi, et P. Castoldi, Failure-aware idle protection
capacity reuse, in Global Telecommunications Conference, 2005. GLOBECOM '05. IEEE, vol.
4, p. 5 pp.-1899, 2005.
[3] Vidalenc, B.; Noirie, L.; Ciavaglia, L., "GMPLS adaptive level of
recovery," Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on , vol., no.,
pp.2735,2740, 10-15 June 2012.
[4] R. Casellas, R. Muoz, R. Martnez, R. Vilalta, L. Liu, T. Tsuritani, I. Morita, V. Lopez, O.
Gonzalez de dios, and J. Fernndez-Palacios, "SDN based Provisioning Orchestration of
OpenFlow/GMPLS Flexi-grid Networks with a Stateful Hierarchical PCE," in Optical Fiber
Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2014),
paper Th3I.2.
[5] Munoz, R.; Casellas, R.; Martinez, R., "Dynamic distributed spectrum allocation in GMPLS-
controlled elastic optical networks," Optical Communication (ECOC), 2011 37th European
Conference and Exhibition on , vol., no., pp.1,3, 18-22 Sept. 2011.
[6] Nomura, Y.; Yonezu, H.; Ishii, D.; Okamoto, S.; Yamanaka, N., "Dynamic topology
reconfiguration for energy efficient multi-layer network using extended GMPLS with link power
control," Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition (OFC/NFOEC), 2012 and
the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference , vol., no., pp.1,3, 4-8 March 2012.
[7] M. Jinno et al., ECOC 08, 2008, paper no. Th3F6.
[8] Cerutti, Isabella; Sambo, N.; Castoldi, Piero, "Sleeping Link Selection for Energy-Efficient
GMPLS Networks," Lightwave Technology, Journal of , vol.29, no.15, pp.2292,2298, Aug.1,
2011.