Mobile Scanner

A mini project report

Submitted by
i. Nikhil Hange
ii. Ketan Mahajan
iii. Narendra Belhekar
Submitted in partial fulfillment of term work for the subject
ELECTRONIC HARDWARE AND WORKSHOP
Under the guidance
Mr. Umesh Mahadik
Mrs. Pragati Ukey
MAHATMA GANDHI MISSIONS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
KAMOTHE NEW M!M"AI
DECLARATION
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e hereby declare that the !ork entitled "Mobile Scanner# is a record o$ our o!n !ork carried out by us during
the academic year %&'% ( %&') under the super*ision and guidance o$ Mrs. Pragati Ukey+ Pro$essor+
,epartment o$ -lectronics and .elecommunication+ M/M#s 0ollege o$ -ngineering and .echnology. .he
e1tent and source o$ in$ormation are deri*ed $rom the e1isting literature and ha*e been indicated through the
dissertation at the appropriate places. .he matter embodied in this !ork is original and has not been submitted
$or the a!ard o$ any other degree or diploma+ either in this or any other Uni*ersity.
Place 2
,ate 2
3Signature o$ the 0andidate4
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Cer#i$ica#e
.his is to certi$y that the project entitled ".emperature 0ontrolled 5an# is a bona$ide !ork carried out by Mr.
Ketan Mahajan + Mr. Nikhil Hange and Mr.Narendra Belhekar $rom the department o$ -lectronics and
.elecommunication 3.-4 ha*e satis$actorily completed the project report entitled Mobile Scanner in partial
$ul$illment o$ the term !ork $or the subject "-lectronic Hard!are and orkshop# in M/M#s 0ollege o$
-ngineering and .echnology+ Kamothe during the academic year %&'%6%&').
6666666666666666666666666666 66666666666666666666666
Signature o$ the /uide Signature o$ H7,
Place2 M/M#s 0ollege o$ -ngineering and .echnology+ Kamothe.
,ate2

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Ac%no&le'(e)en#
8t adds to our pleasure to ackno!ledge the people !ho ha*e helped me !hile the project !as in progress.
5irst o$ all!e are thank$ul to Ms. Pragati+ our Project /uide+ !ho helped us in bringing out this project in
present status.
8 am grate$ul to our Head o$ the ,epartment+ P975. Ms. BH7SA:- MAM+ $or pro*iding us the $acility o$
e1cellent lab instruments and rele*ant accessories.
e are also grate$ul to our Hon. Principal + !hose discipline has created regularity in us+ so as to complete the
project !ithin gi*en time.
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Ab*#rac#+
Here is a de*ice to locate the mobile phone. 8t emits intermittent $lashes and beeps to indicate the presence o$
an acti*e mobile phone. .he circuit becomes acti*e e*en i$ the mobile phone is in silent mode. 8t can be used to
detect mobile phone call in noisy en*ironments. 9ange o$ the circuit is '; cm
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KEYWORDS+
'. 80 <&'=
%. .ank circuit
). 91 Antenna
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Con#en#*+ Page
'. In#ro',c#ion----------- .
%. Circ,i# 'e#ail* ----------/ 0
i. 0ircuit diagram>>................ ?
ii. :ist o$ components>>>>. '&
iii. Simulation>>>>>>>> '@
i*. 8mplementation>>>>>.. '=
). A'1an#a(e* ----------/// 2.
<. A33lica#ion* ----------/ 20
;. Re*,l# ------------/// 45
@. Concl,*ion ----------/// 42
=. F,#,re *co3e----------// 44
A. Re$erence* ----------////// 46
?. Li*# o$ Fi(,re*
a. 0ircuit ,iagram o$ Mobile Scanner> ?
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In#ro',c#ion+
. .he circuit is basically an 95 detector. ,uring the acti*ation o$ mobile phone+ strong 95
$ield !ill be generated. .he sensor coil : detects the 95 signals and .' ampli$ies the signals. .he ampli$ied
signals are gi*en to the clock input o$ 80'. 0, <&'= is a 7o8n*on 'eca'e co,n#er IC !ith '& outputs. 8ts clock
input pin '< is highly sensiti*e to 95 pulses so that it is a *ery good choice $or 95 detection. 7nly t!o outputs
3B' andB%4 o$ the 80 are used !hile the B)output is tied to the reset pin '; so that 80 !ill reset on e*ery third
pulse.
Circ,i# 'e#ail*
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Circ,i# Dia(ra)+
Fi(/ a Mobile Scanner Circ,i# Dia(ra)
Li*# o$ co)3onen#*
9%6%.=K 'C< 9esistor
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9'6'%&K 'C< 9esistors

:6'&mH 8nductor

06&.'D5 @)E Polyester 0apacitor

.'6B0;<? NPN .ransistor
,'6:-, ;*

;* PieFo6buFFer
0,<&'=6Gohnson ,ecade 0ounter
?* Battery
Antenna
Co)3onen# 'e*cri3#ion+
8N,U0.792
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An inductor 3also choke+ coil or reactor4 is a passi*e t!o6terminal electrical component that stores energy in its
magnetic $ield. 5or comparison+ a capacitor stores energy in an electric $ield+ and a resistor does not store
energy but rather dissipates energy as heat.
Any conductor has inductance. An inductor is typically made o$ a !ire or other conductor !ound into a coil+ to
increase the magnetic $ield.
hen the current $lo!ing through an inductor changes+ creating a time6*arying magnetic $ield inside the coil+ a
*oltage is induced+ according to 5aradayHs la! o$ electromagnetic induction+ !hich by :enFHs la! opposes the
change in current that created it. 8nductors are one o$ the basic components used in electronics !here current
and *oltage change !ith time+ due to the ability o$ inductors to delay and reshape alternating currents
0apacitors2

A capacitor 3originally kno!n as condenser4 is a passi*e t!o6terminal electrical component used to
store energy in an electric $ield. .he $orms o$ practical capacitors *ary !idely+ but all contain at least
t!o electrical conductors separated by a dielectric3insulator4I $or e1ample+ one common construction consists o$
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metal $oils separated by a thin layer o$ insulating $ilm. 0apacitors are !idely used as parts o$ electrical
circuits in many common electrical de*ices.
hen there is a potential di$$erence 3*oltage4 across the conductors+ a static electric $ield de*elops across the
dielectric+ causing positi*e charge to collect on one plate and negati*e charge on the other plate. -nergy is
stored in the electrostatic $ield. An ideal capacitor is characteriFed by a single constant *alue+ capacitance+
measured in $arads. .his is the ratio o$ the electric charge on each conductor to the potential di$$erence bet!een
them.
9esistors2

9esistors are the most commonly used component in electronics and their purpose is to create speci$ied *alues
o$ current and *oltage in a circuit. A number o$ di$$erent resistors are sho!n in the photos. 3.he resistors are
on millimeter paper+ !ith 'cm spacing to gi*e some idea o$ the dimensions4. Photo 9esistors !ith po!er
dissipation belo! ; !att 3most commonly used types4 are cylindrical in shape+ !ith a !ire protruding $rom each
end $or connecting to a circuit. 9esistors !ith po!er dissipation abo*e ; !att are sho!n belo!
:-,2

A light6emitting diode 3:-,4 is a semiconductor light source. :-,s are used as indicator lamps in many de*ices and are
increasingly used $or other lighting. Appearing as practical electronic components in '?@%+ early :-,s emitted lo!6intensity red
light+ but modern *ersions are a*ailable across the *isible+ ultra*iolet+ and in$rared !a*elengths+ !ith *ery high brightness.
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hen a light6emitting diode is $or!ard6biased 3s!itched on4+ electrons are able to recombine !ith electron holes !ithin the de*ice+
releasing energy in the $orm o$ photons. .his e$$ect is called electroluminescence and the color o$ the light 3corresponding to the
energy o$ the photon4 is determined by the energy gap o$ the semiconductor. An :-, is o$ten small in area 3less than ' mm%4+ and
integrated optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern. :-,s present many ad*antages o*er incandescent light
sources including lo!er energy consumption+ longer li$etime+ impro*ed physical robustness+ smaller siFe+ and $aster s!itching.
:-,s po!er$ul enough $or room lighting are relati*ely e1pensi*e and reJuire more precise current and heat management than
compact $luorescent lamp sources o$ comparable output.
:ight6emitting diodes are used in applications as di*erse as a*iation lighting+ automoti*e lighting+ ad*ertising+ general lighting+ and
tra$$ic signals. :-,s ha*e allo!ed ne! te1t+ *ideo displays+ and sensors to be de*eloped+ !hile their high s!itching rates are also
use$ul in ad*anced communications technology. 8n$rared :-,s are also used in the remote control units o$ many commercial
products including tele*isions+ ,E, players+ and other domestic appliances.
.ransistor2

A transistor is a semiconductor de*ice used to ampli$y and s!itch electronic signals. 8t is made o$ a solid piece o$ semiconductor
material+ !ith at least three terminals $or connection to an e1ternal circuit. A *oltage or current applied to one pair o$ the transistorHs
terminals changes the current $lo!ing through another pair o$ terminals. A B ipolar transistor has terminals labeled base+
collector+ and emitter. A small current at the base terminal 3that is+ $lo!ing $rom the base to the emitter4 can control or s!itch a much
larger current bet!een the collector and emitter terminals. Here !e are using t!o types o$ transistors PNP and NPN.
NPN
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NPN is one o$ the t!o types o$ bipolar transistors+ in !hich the letters KNK and KPK re$er to the majority charge carriers inside
the di$$erent regions o$ the transistor.
Bipolar transistors used today are NPN+ because electron mobility is higher than hole mobility in semiconductors+ allo!ing
greater currents and $aster operation.NPN transistors consist o$ a layer o$ P6doped semiconductor 3the KbaseK4 bet!een t!o N6
doped layers. A small current entering the base in common6emitter mode is ampli$ied in the collector output. 8n other terms+ an
NPN transistor is KonK !hen its base is pulled 8i(8 relati*e to the emitter. .he arro! in the NPN transistor symbol is on the emitter
leg and points in the direction o$ the con*entional current $lo! !hen the de*ice is in $or!ard acti*e mode.
PNP
.he other type o$ BG. is the PNP !ith the letters KPK and KNK re$erring to the majority charge carriers inside the di$$erent regions o$
the transistor.PNP transistors consist o$ a layer o$ N6doped semiconductor bet!een t!o layers o$ P6doped material. A small current
lea*ing the base in common6emitter mode is ampli$ied in the collector output. 8n other terms+ a PNP transistor is KonK !hen its base
is pulled lo& relati*e to the emitter. .he arro! in the PNP transistor symbol is on the emitter leg and points in the direction o$ the
con*entional current $lo! !hen the de*ice is in $or!ard acti*e mode.
AN.-NNA2
An antenna 3or aerial4 is an electrical de*ice !hich con*erts electric po!er into radio !a*es+ and *ice *ersa. 8t
is usually used !ith a radio transmitter or radio recei*er. 8n transmission+ a radio transmitter supplies an
oscillating radio $reJuency electric current to the antennaHs terminals+ and the antenna radiates the energy $rom
the current as electromagnetic !a*es 3radio !a*es4. 8n reception+ an antenna intercepts some o$ the po!er o$ an
electromagnetic !a*e in order to produce a tiny *oltage at its terminals+ that is applied to a recei*er to be
ampli$ied.
Antennas are essential components o$ all eJuipment that uses radio. .hey are used in systems such as radio
broadcasting+ broadcast tele*ision+ t!o6!ay radio+ communications recei*ers+ radar+ cell phones+ and satellite
communications+ as !ell as other de*ices such as garage door openers+ !ireless microphones+ bluetooth
enabled de*ices+ !ireless computer net!orks+ baby monitors+ and 958, tags on merchandise.
.ypically an antenna consists o$ an arrangement o$ metallic conductors 3KelementsK4+ electrically connected
3o$ten through a transmission line4 to the recei*er or transmitter. An oscillating current o$ electrons $orced
through the antenna by a transmitter !ill create an oscillating magnetic $ield around the antenna elements+
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!hile the charge o$ the electrons also creates an oscillating electric $ield along the elements. .hese time6*arying
$ields+ !hen created in the proper proportions+ radiate a!ay $rom the antenna into space as a mo*ing trans*erse
electromagnetic $ield !a*e. 0on*ersely+ during reception+ the oscillating electric and magnetic $ields o$ an
incoming radio !a*e e1ert $orce on the electrons in the antenna elements+ causing them to mo*e back and $orth+
creating oscillating currents in the antenna.
,-0A,- 07UN.-92
A decade counter is one that counts in decimal digits+ rather than binary. A decade counter may ha*e each digit
binary encoded 3that is+ it may count in binary6coded decimal+ as the =<?& integrated circuit did4 or other binary
encodings 3such as the bi6Juinary encoding o$ the =<?& integrated circuit4. Alternati*ely+ it may ha*e a K$ully
decodedK or one6hot output code in !hich each output goes high in turn 3the <&'= is such a circuit4. .he latter
type o$ circuit $inds applications in multiple1ers and demultiple1ers+ or !here*er a scanning type o$ beha*ior is
use$ul. Similar counters !ith di$$erent numbers o$ outputs are also common.
BULL-92
A buFFer or beeper is an audio signaling de*ice+ !hich may be mechanical+ electromechanical+ or pieFoelectric.
.ypical uses o$ buFFers and beepers include alarm de*ices+ timers and con$irmation o$ user input such as a
mouse click or keystroke.
Si),la#ion+
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.he circuit is basically an 95 detector. ,uring the acti*ation o$ mobile phone+ strong 95 $ield !ill be
generated. .he sensor coil : detects the 95 signals and .' ampli$ies the signals. .he ampli$ied signals are
gi*en to the clock input o$ 80'. 0, <&'= is a 7o8n*on 'eca'e co,n#er IC !ith '& outputs. 8ts clock input pin
'< is highly sensiti*e to 95 pulses so that it is a *ery good choice $or 95 detection. 7nly t!o outputs 3B'
andB%4 o$ the 80 are used !hile the B)output is tied to the reset pin '; so that 80 !ill reset on e*ery third
pulse.
.his !ill repeat the acti*ation o$ :-, and BuFFer. hen the sensor detects the 95 signal+ clock input o$ 80'
gets pulses and its output pins % and < becomes high and lo! alternately gi*ing $lashing lights and beeps. .he
coil used in the circuit is a ready made inductor.BuFFer used is a small pieFo buFFer
I)3le)en#a#ion+
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.his circuit uses :0 circuit as the tuning circuit i.e. it selects the desired $reJuency components. .his circuit is
designed in such a !ay that the :-, starts blinking as soon as circuit detects any cell6phone !ith in its range
and it is also get indicated by buFFer.
A'1an#a(e*+
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0ircuit is simpler in design.
.he use o$ bulky net!ork can be a*oided.
8t can be operated on lo! *oltage supply..
0ell6phone location can be easily tracked do!n.
:ess maintenance.
-asily repairable. Since there is no comple1 circuitry setup in*ol*ed.
Portable.
Di*a'1an#a(e*+
Short 9ange.
:o! Sensiti*ity.
Not so Precise.
0ircuit gets a$$ected due to other $reJuencies o$ same range.
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A33lica#ion*+
e can use this circuit in any cell6phone restricted Fone.
e can use it to detect mobile phone location.
At some places like seminar hall.
8n cyber6crime or police department.
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Re*,l#+
Mobile Scanner 0ircuit !as setup and connected to ? *olts ,0 battery and obtained the reJuired output !hen it is near to mobile
phones. .he circuit !as $ound to be !orking as the :-, blinks n BuFFer beeps !hen it is subjected to H5 generated by cell6
phones.
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Concl,*ion+
.his circuit is $ound to be more portable than a regular circuit used $or tracking purposes. Since po!er consumption can be
minimiFed to a greater e1tent. -*en though it is simple this has a signi$icant role to play in the de*elopment o$ technology. -*ery
small step is signi$icant in the path o$ success. 7ur project though simple is signi$icant in the current status o$ our country $acing
illegal mobile business.
F,#,re *co3e+
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.he circuit can be e1panded so as to co*er large area and to detect e1act location and complete details o$ cell6phone. So this circuit
!ill be really help$ul in tracking purposes. 8t !ill be use$ul in ,e$ense And Protection ser*ices.
Re$erence*+
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http2CC!!!.e1tremecircuits.netC
http2CC!!!.allaboutcircuits.comC
http2CC!!!.electronics6lab.comC
-lectronic 0ircuits2 Games . Nilsson Susan 9iedel
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