Tourism I-O Industries IO

Consumption sector
Expenditure No.
Accomodation Hotels and motels 223
Other short-stay accommodation 224
Food and Restaurants, bars, canteens and other eating and drinking 225
Beverages places
Transportation Rail Transport Services 181

Road Transport Services

-Busline operation
-Public utility cars and Taxicab operation 182
-Jeepney, tricycles (motorized and non-motorized) and other 183
-road transport 184
-Tourist Buses and cars including chartered and rent-a-car
185
Water Transport Services

-Sea and Coastal water transport 187

-Inland water transport (including renting of ship with 188
operator)

Air Transport Services 190

Guided Tour Tour and Travel Agencies 191

Entertainment/ Motion picture and video production and distribution 234
recreation Motion picture projection 235
Radio and Television activities 236
Other recreational and cultural services 237
Miscellaneous Retail trade 198
Tourism
Services
Identification of the Tourism sub-sector in Input-Output Table

Since tourism cannot be defined as a single-independent- industry, it requires products

from different tourism-oriented firms. It does not have a homogenous product, thus, it is

not simple to identify the tourism sub-sector.

The input-output (IO) table does not readily offer information on what items should be

included as tourism-subsector. The Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA)

conducted by the NSCB provides the description of tourism-specific industries, products

and services that relates to the tourism consumption expenditure (see Appendix A). This

definition was employed to determine the tourism subsector in the input-output table.

Based on the PTSA definition, the tourism consumption expenditure has seventeen

(17) corresponding industries in the input-output table. This is indicated in Table 5.11.

The tourism consumption expenditure is divided into major items namely

accommodation, food and beverages, transportation, guided tour, entertainment and

recreation, and miscellaneous tourism services.

Table 5.11 Relationship between Tourism Consumption Expenditure

and Input-Output industries
Tourism-Related Sectors

With the use of transaction table and technical coefficient matrix it is possible to

provide perspective about the production and consumption behaviors among sectors in

the economy.

In the study, the 240-sector provided by the NSCB was aggregated into 50 sectors.

The way of aggregation among industries was done to have a tourism sector. For this

portion of the analysis, the tourism sector includes accommodation and restaurant

facilities since a large portion of industry can attributed to these industries (see Appendix

B for aggregation).

Tourism-related sectors, in this context, refer to other sectors that have a relationship

with the tourism sector either as producer of the inputs needed by the sector or as

purchaser of the products of tourism.

Reading down a column of the direct coefficient table describes the proportion of

purchases made from each of the sector, thus depicting the inter-industry purchases of

inputs for production from other sectors. Technical coefficient represents the proportion

of inputs required to produce one peso value of output.

Table 5.12 depicts the top 20 sectors that have a highest proportion of inputs required

by the tourism sector to produce additional one peso value of output.

As shown, most of the inputs required by the tourism sector can be categorized as food

products. Specifically, twenty-five percent (25 %) of the inputs required come from other

food manufactures, followed by the meat, beverage and fishery at 9%, 5% and 3%

respectively. Moreover other food products such as dairy, vegetables, fruits, coconut and

oils, and poultry products also comprise the major inputs purchase by the tourism sector.
 Other purchases of the sector are the commercial services (2.14%), fuel, electricity

and water (1.75%), trade (1.63%), chemical products (1.25%) and financial services

(0.9%). Aside from these, a certain proportion of inputs also comes from textile, paper

and wood, metal, appliances and electrical, and, petroleum industry.

Table 4.12 Top 20 Sector- Producer of Tourism Inputs

Technical
Sector Code Coefficient
Food manufactures 019 0.2490141
Meat 016 0.0970578
Beverage 020 0.0577412
Fishery 012 0.0341520
Commercial services 046 0.0214274
Dairy, milk and butter 017 0.0190287
Fuel, electricity and water 037 0.0175273
Trade 040 0.0163083
Vegetables 005 0.0159001
Chemical products 027 0.0125822
Fruits 006 0.0117062
Coconut 003 0.0100588
Financial Activities 041 0.0093897
Coconut and vegetable oil 018 0.0093353
Poultry 011 0.0089469
Textile 022 0.0083981
Paper, wood 024 0.0068468
Metal 031 0.0066559
Appliances/ Electrical 033 0.0045994
Petroleum and asphalt 029 0.0044120

Reading across the table rows provides an alternative interpretation wherein the sales

of each sectors to other sectors is depicted. Similarly, using the technical coefficient, it is

possible for the tourism sector to track the sectors to whom the sales are being made.

Table 4.13 depicts the top 20 sectors that have the highest proportion of purchases

from the tourism sector for an additional one peso value of output produced by the sector.
 Table 5.13 Top 20 Sector- Purchaser of Tourism Output
Technical
Sector Code Coefficient
Media 049 0.0467677
Other services 050 0.0467677
Financial Activities 041 0.0304784
Commercial services 046 0.0259091
State mgt & defense 045 0.0145206
Education 043 0.0112846
Health and Social Work 044 0.0111500
Textile 022 0.0039318
Chemical products 027 0.0035282
Real Estate 42 0.0023763
Construction 036 0.0019953
Beverage 020 0.0014465
Other food manufactures 019 0.0011835
Other manufactured goods 035 0.0008228
Science and Technology 048 0.0007132
Transport Services 038 0.0005897
Appliances/ Electrical 033 0.0005701
Hotel and tourism 047 0.0002803
Garments and Footwear 023 0.0001589
Tanneries & leather 026 0.0001203

Aside from being a purchaser of products from other sectors, tourism sectors also

produces and sells products to other sectors. A certain proportion of the output is sold to

media and other services at both 4.68%. It is followed by financial and commercial

services at 3.04% and 2.59 % respectively. Other purchaser of tourism products includes

state management and defense, education, health and social work, textile, chemical

products, real estate and construction industries. Tourism also sold to sectors such as

beverage, other food manufactures, other manufactured goods, science and technology,

transport services, appliances and electrical, garments and footwear, tanneries and leather

industries, and even to hotel and tourism industry itself.