WaveEv Fault Waveform Analysis Software - Instruction Manual - EN - General - X - R1.01 - (EN - GJRJ0901.0086.0002) PDF

WaveEv
Fault Waveform Analysis Software

Instruction Manual
NR Electric Co., Ltd.
WaveEvFault WaveformAnalysis Software
NR ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
i
Preface
Copyright
Release: R1.01
P/N: EN_GJRJ0901.0086.0002
Copyright NR 2010. All rights reserved
We reserve all rights to this document and to the information
contained herein. Improper use in particular reproduction and
dissemination to third parties is strictly forbidden except where
expressly authorized.
The information in this manual is carefully checked periodically,
and necessary corrections will be included in future editions. If
nevertheless any errors are detected, suggestions for correction or
improvement are greatly appreciated.
We reserve the rights to make technical improvements without
notice.
69 Suyuan Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing 211102China
Tel: 86-25-87178185, Fax: 86-25-87178208
Website: www.nari-relays.com
Email: nr_techsupport@nari-relays.com
WaveEv Fault WaveformAnalysis Software
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WaveEvFault WaveformAnalysis Software
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Table of Content
Preface ..........................................................................................................................................i
Table of Content .........................................................................................................................iii
Chapter 1 Overview.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 Application .....................................................................................................................1
1.2 Copyright........................................................................................................................1
1.3 Overall Function ............................................................................................................1
1.4 System Files and Environmental Parameters Setup .................................................1
Chapter 2 Usage Instruction......................................................................................................3
2.1 Introduction to Main Interface......................................................................................3
2.2 Waveform Files Operation............................................................................................3
2.2.1 Open Waveform Files..........................................................................................3
2.2.2 Path and Recent Historical Files List ................................................................4
2.2.3 Save as.................................................................................................................5
2.2.4 Merge Waveform..................................................................................................7
2.3 Waveform Display..........................................................................................................9
2.3.1 Display..................................................................................................................9
2.3.2 Waveform Display Operation...........................................................................14
2.4 Waveform Analysis......................................................................................................35
2.4.1 Fault Location....................................................................................................35
2.4.2 Harmonic Analysis............................................................................................38
2.4.3 Power Calculation.............................................................................................39
2.4.4 Sequence Component Analysis.......................................................................41
2.4.5 Impedance Analysis..........................................................................................42
2.4.6 Formula Editor ...................................................................................................46
2.4.7 Spectral Analysis...............................................................................................49
2.4.8 Digital Event Information..................................................................................50
2.4.9 Fault Report .......................................................................................................53
2.4.10 View .CFG file information..............................................................................55
WaveEv Fault WaveformAnalysis Software
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2.5 Display Analysis Data..................................................................................................56
2.5.1 Bar Chart ............................................................................................................57
2.5.2 Vector Graph......................................................................................................57
2.5.3 Sequence Component Graph...........................................................................59
2.5.4 Impedance Trajectory Graph............................................................................60
2.5.5 Spectral Analysis Graph...................................................................................60
2.6 Channel Ratio Setup....................................................................................................61
2.7 Configure WaveEv .......................................................................................................62
2.7.1 Line Setup ..........................................................................................................63
2.7.2 Analysis Option .................................................................................................63
2.7.3 Date Option ........................................................................................................64
2.7.4 Waveform Display Setup ..................................................................................64
2.7.5 Default Setup .....................................................................................................66
Chapter 3 Manual Release History..........................................................................................67
Chapter 1 Overview
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Chapter 1 Overview
1.1 Application
The Fault Waveform Analysis Software (FWAS) WaveEv provides an offli ne software for the
analysts and the general technical personnel of the power system to display the fault waveform,
analyze the fault and print the waveform and analysis results. This software may be either used
independently, or used with Disturbance & Fault Recording System (DFRS), Protection Analysis
System (PAS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System(SCADA) and Substation
Automation System (SAS).
1.2 Copyright
WaveEv is developed by NR Electric Co., Ltd. (NR for short), and the copyright is reserved by
NR. Only the authorized users have the right to use this software.
Please contact with NR in case of problems during the usage of WaveEv.
1.3 Overall Function
WaveEv includes waveform files operation, waveform display and print, waveform analysis,
formul a calculation and data display of analysis results, etc.
Waveform file operations include:
open file, save file, format conversion and merging file.
Waveform display/print include:
browsing waveform, zoom in/out, viewing data, label, copying waveform, pri nt setup, print preview,
print, etc.
Waveform analysis includes:
fault location, fault line detection, harmonic analysis, power analysis, impedance analysis and
sequence component analysis, etc. New waveform analysis function can be developed by adding
new analysis function module.
The analysis results may be displayed in the form of list, polar coordinates, rectangular coordinate,
bar chart, pie chart and text, etc.
This instruction manual will introduce the how to use these functions in details.
1.4 System Files and Environmental Parameters Setup
If WaveEv is installed in Windows OS, no environmental configuration is needed.
If WaveEv is installed in Linux/UNIX OS, the current directory of executable files is required to be
set in the environmental parameter COMTRADEPATH of OS.
In Linux/UNIX OS, if the current path is \user\ems\WaveEv, an environmental variable
COMTRADEPATH must be added in the environmental variables of the system, the value of which
Chapter 1Overview
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is \user\ems\WaveEv\.
NOTEThe last slash \ in the value must not be omitted.
Chapter 2Usage Instruction
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Chapter 2 Usage Instruction
2.1 Introduction to Main Interface
Figure 2.1-1 Main interface of WaveEv
The main interface is applied to provide an access to call various modules, which adopts
traditional menu bar, toolbar, status bar, floating window and multiple-document interface. The
multiple-document interface displays the original waveform and the page waveform generated by
analysis.
Various functions may be conveniently selected for analysis through the menu bar, toolbar or
shortcut menu.
2.2 Waveform Files Operation
2.2.1 Open Waveform Files
Select the menu File->Open or the toolbar button to open the waveform file, and the
following "Open waveform file dialog box will pop up. Select the data file (*.DAT) to open the
waveform file.
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NOTEThe letter O with underline indicates the shortcut of Open. Press the button
Ctrl+O(O is case insensitive) can directly open the dialog box of Open waveform
file instead of performing the menu.
Ctrl+O: Open
Ctrl+S: Save as
Ctrl+P: Print
Ctrl+X: Exit
Figure 2.2-1 How to open a waveform file
2.2.2 Path and Recent Historical Files List
When the file is opened again, the last opened path of such file may be recorded, thus this path
may be adopted when the waveform is opened next time.
Ten recent waveforms may be recorded, and the recent waveform files may be opened quickly
through File->Recent Files.
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Figure 2.2-2 How to access recent files list
2.2.3 Save as
In the above figure, click the or use the shortcut key combination
Ctrl+S to pop up the Save waveform file textbox as shown in the following figure.
The Save waveform file textbox is applied to select some channels or to extract the waveform
data by a customized sampling rate to form a new waveform file and save it.
Figure 2.2-3 Textbox to save a waveform file as a new file
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As shown in the above figure, you can click some channels in the left Unselected channels
textbox to move them to the right Selected channels textbox.
By clicking the button, all the channels in the left Unselected channels textbox
will be moved to the right Selected channels textbox.
By clicking the button, all the channels in the right Selected channels
textbox will be moved to the left Unselected channels textbox.
is applid to select the file format to be saved, 2 formats are optional: ASCII
(text) format or Binary format.
Select : the number of selected channels will not be changed, and only the
sampling data between the reference line (R line) and current line (C line) will be extracted to be
saved into the file.
If is not selected, all the sampling data of will be saved.
clicking the button.
Click the button to pop up a dialog to customize the sampling rate of the
data to be saved into the file.
Figure 2.2-4 Dialog to customize the sampling rate of the data to be saved into a file
In the above figure:
Only the values in 2 columns(Customized sampling rate and First sampling point No.) can
be modified.
The values in Default sampling rate and Default sampling point number is determined by
the waveform file and will remain unchanged in WaveEv.
The Customized sampling point number can not be modified directly, it is determined by
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configuring Customized sampling rate. E.g.: if the Default sampling rate is 9600Hz, and the
Default sampling point number=1344, when Customized sampling rate=3200Hz, so
Customized sampling point number will be modified as 448 by WaveEv automatically.
NOTE
In the above figure, the Default sampling rate is the original sampling rate of
the waveform file, and it can not be modified here. The Customized sampling rate is
applied to customize the sampling rate of the sampling data to be saved into the file, the
Customized sampling rate must be 1/N of the Default sampling rate, (N is a
positive integer).
The First sampling point No. is applied to select the start point No. of the sampling
data. First sampling point No. must >=1 and <=N (=N=Default sampling
rate/Customized sampling rate) E.g.: if the Default sampling rate=9600Hz, and
the Customized sampling rate=3200Hz, N=9600Hz/3200Hz=3, so First sampling
point No.
can be customized as 1,2 or 3.
2.2.4 Merge Waveform
Click the menu File ->Merge waveform or click the button
in the toolbar to open the dialog box of Waveform merge.
Figure 2.2-5 Dialog box of Waveform merge
Respectively open waveform file 1 and waveform file 2 that are needed to be merged, and
double-click the channels which need to be merged. Finally, select appropriate time strategy and
file format for merged waveform file. Details are introduced as below:
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1)
This option is used to determine whether to align the fault point for different channels.
Calibration:
No Calibration:
2)
This option is used to select the duration to save waveform file.
Overlaping duration:
Waveform 1 duration:
Waveform 2 duration:
Max duration:
3)
Select the parameters to save the merged waveform file: the same as the parameters of waveform
1 or waveform 2.
If Waveform 1 Param is selected:
The parameters of the merged waveform file will adopt the parameters of waveform 1 (upper:
waveform 1, lower: waveform 2)
If Waveform 2 Param is selected:
The parameters of the merged waveform file will adopt the parameters of waveform 2 (upper:
waveform 1, lower: waveform 2)
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4)
Select the format of merged waveform file: BINARY or ASCII.
Click the button Merge to pop up the dialog box of Save merged file.
Figure 2.2-6 Dialog to save merged file
A prompt dialog will pop up when the merged file is saved successfully.
Figure 2.2-7 Dialog to prompt successful file mergence
2.3 Waveform Display
2.3.1 Display
After opening a waveform file, the waveform will be displayed automatically as shown in the
following figure.
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Figure 2.3-1 Introduction of waveform interface
After opening a waveform, 8 areas and 3 vertical time scale lines will be automatically displayed as
shown in the above figure. The information windows can be displayed by operating on the menu
bar or toolbar.
2.3.1.1 Eight Areas
1) Menu bar
2) Toolbar
3) Name area of analog channel
The name area of analog channel displays the name of each analog channel and the data values
of R line/C line. The color of R line data are the same as the color of R line, and the color of C
line data are the same as the color of C line. The waveform may be zoomed in/out by changing
the maximum scale of the horizontal coordinate. The display amplitude of a channel may be
changed by zooming in/out the channel height through the right-click menu.
4) Waveform display area of analog channel
The waveform display area of analog channel displays the waveforms of all analog channels and
the label of analog waveform. The default heights of waveforms of all channels are equal.
5) Name area of digital channel
The name area of digital channel is used to display the name of each digital channel, and two
colors are available to display alternatively.
6) Waveform display area of digital channel
The waveform display area of digital channel displays the waveforms of all digital channels and the
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label of digital waveform. The status 1 is shown as the grid block. In this area, the status value of
each digital channel is displayed near C line. The changed status value is displayed by default.
7) Time axis area
The time axis area displays the relative time of each sampling point.
8) Status area
The status area displays the point No., absolute time and relative time compared to trigger line
of R line, and the point No., absolute time and relative timecompared to trigger lineof C line.
2.3.1.2 Three Time Scale Line
1) The line at the time scale that the fault started, i.e.: the trigger line (T line for short).
2) Current time scale line (C line for short).
3) Reference time line (R line for short).
C line can be moved by clicking the left mouse button.
R line can be moved by clicking the right mouse button.
The T line can be shown or hidden by clicking the submenu Show/Hide trigger line in the menu
View.
2.3.1.3 Switch Displayed Value Type and Value Attribute
There is 1 drop down list to select value type as shown in the following figure, and the drop down
list includes: Primary value, Secondary value and Raw value.
Figure 2.3-2 The drop down list to select value type
There is another drop down list to select value attribute as shown in the following figure, and the
drop down list includes: Sample value, root-mean-square (RMS) value, amplitude (Amp), real
part (Re), imaginary part (Im) and Phase angle.
Figure 2.3-3 The drop down list to select value attribute
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2.3.1.4 Move R line and C line
R line can be moved horizontally by clicking the right mouse button.
C line can be moved horizontally by clicking the left mouse button.
Figure 2.3-4 R line and C line
2.3.1.5 Fine Adjustment of R line and C line
The position of R line and C line can be fine adjusted by the menu or shortcut key. Each fine
adjustment corresponds to 1 sampling point.
1) Menu
Figure 2.3-5 How to move C line
C line can be fine adjusted to left by the menu ,.it can be fine
adjusted to right by the menu .
R line can not be fine adjusted by these 2 menus.
2) Shortcut key
C line can be fine adjusted to left by the shortcut key ,.it can be fine adjusted to right by the
shortcut key .
R line can be fine adjusted to left by the shortcut key Ctrl+,.it can be fine adjusted to right by
the shortcut key Ctrl +.
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2.3.1.6 Display Multiple Waveform
Multiple waveforms can be opened and displayed in multiple windows
Tile and cascade
Figure 2.3-6 Tile display of waveform
Figure 2.3-7 Cascade display of waveform
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2.3.2 Waveform Display Operation
2.3.2.1 Restore Default Setup of Channel
Select View->Zoom->Restore group or Set->Restore group in the menu, and the grouping,
color, line style and line width, etc. of the analog quantities and digital quantities may be restored
to default state.
2.3.2.2 Zoom Function
The zoom function includes:
1) Time axis zoom (Zoom in time axis/Zoom out time axis)
2) Amplitude zoom of all channels
3) Overall zoom of name area (Zoom in name area width/Zoom out name area width)
4) Amplitude zoom of single channel (Zoom in waveform amplitude/Zoom out waveform
amplitude)
5) Display area zooming
6) Selected area zoom (Zoom in to selection)
1. Time axis zoom
Three methods are available for the waveform zoom in the time axis:
1) Select the View->Zoom->Zoom in time axis and Zoom out time axis in the menu
2) Toolbar button
3) Shift+mouse wheel
In zoom process, keep the current point always in the display area.
2. Amplitude zoom of all channels
Three methods are available to zoom in/out all the analog quantities vertically:
1) Select the View->Zoom->Zoom in the amplitude of all analog quantities and Zoom out
the amplitude of all analog quantities in the menu.
2) Toolbar button
3) Ctrl+mouse wheel
Only 1 method is available to zoom in/out all the digital quantities vertically:
Ctrl+mouse wheel.
3. Zoom of name area
Two methods are available to zoom in/out the name area:
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1) Select the View->Zoom->Zoom in name area width and Zoom out name area width in
the menu as shown in the following figure.
2) Drag the splitter bar with mouse.
Figure 2.3-8 Zoom in/out name area width
4. Amplitude zoom of single analog channel
Two methods are provided to zoom in/out the amplitude of single analog channel:
1) Select an analog channel and click the right mouse button to pop up a menu. Click the
command menu Zoom in waveform amplitude to zoom in the analog waveform amplitude,
click the command menu Zoom out waveform amplitude to zoom out the analog waveform
amplitude.
2) Click the zoom-in button to zoom in the analog waveform amplitude, click the zoom-out
button to zoom out the analog waveform amplitude.
NOTE
In the first method, i.e.: clicking the command menu Zoom in waveform
amplitude/Zoom out waveform amplitude, both the channel height and the analog
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amplitude of the selected analog channel will be zoomed in/out.
In the second method, i.e.: clicking zoom-in button or the zoom-out button ,
only the analog amplitude of the selected analog channel will be zoomed in/out,
but the channel height of the selected analog channel will remain unchanged.
Please refer to the following 4 figures to see the difference between these 2 methods.
How to access the command menu Zoom in waveform amplitude is shown in the following figure.
The waveform of Bus1ua before clicking the command menu Zoom in waveform amplitude is
also shown in this figure.
Figure 2.3-9 The waveform of Bus1ua before clicking Zoom in waveform amplitude
The waveform of Bus1ua after clicking the command menu Zoom in waveform amplitude is
shown in this figure.
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Figure 2.3-10 The waveform of Bus1ua after clicking Zoom in waveform amplitude
The waveform of Bus1ua before clicking the zoom-in button is also shown in this figure.
Figure 2.3-11 The waveform of Bus1ua before clicking the zoom-in button
The waveform of Bus1ua after clicking the zoom-in button is shown in this figure.
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Figure 2.3-12 The waveform of Bus1ua after clicking the zoom-in button
5. Display areas zoom
In waveform display, several display areas are divided by a split bar, and the size of various areas
may be changed by dragging the split bar (the height of time axis area is fixed and cannot be
changed).
6. Selected area zoom
Click the button or select the View->Zoom->Zoom in to selection in the menu, and
draw a box with left button within the waveform display area to zoom in the waveform within the
selected area as shown in the following figure.
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Figure 2.3-13 Zoom in to selection
The zoomed waveform is shown in the follwing figure.
Figure 2.3-14 Result of Zoom in to selection
2.3.2.3 Label Function
The label function in waveform includes: insert label, display label and delete label .
1) Insert label
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Select the Set->Insert label in the menu to pop up a setup dialog named Add label as
shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.3-15 Dialog to insert label
Select the relevant channel name and label content and font. After clicking the OK button, a label
will be added for the channel at the present moment. The font can be set by the Font button, and
the effect of selected font may be displayed through Preview.
2) Display label
Figure 2.3-16Alabel is inserted
The label may be displayed at any position of this area, but the label and the labeled channel
and sampling point of the label will always be connected by a line.
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3) Browse, delete and modify label
Select Set->Browse label in the menu to browse the label.
The label may be either deleted or modified directly in the label browser.
Figure 2.3-17 Label browser
2.3.2.4 Group Function
The group function includes: Group analog channel and Group digital channel.
1) Group analog channel
Select Set->Group analog quantity in the menu to pop up a dialog box as shown in the
following figure.
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Figure 2.3-18 The Group analog channel dialog
The default group will be displayed in the dialog box. By default, each group has 1 channel.
Relevant buttons are introduced as below:
: click this button to add the selected channel to current group.
: click this button to add all channels to current group.
: click this button to delete the selected channel from current group.
: click this button to delete the selected channel from current group.
: click this button to restore to the default group
Here is an example to group analog channels as shown in the following figure.
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Figure 2.3-19An example to group analog channels
Click the button OK to display the main interface of WaveEv as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.3-20 Main interface with grouped analog channels
2) Group digital channel
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Select Set->Group digital quantity in the menu to pop up a dialog box as shown in the
following figure.
Figure 2.3-21 The Group digital quantity dialog
The default group will be displayed in the dialog box. By default, each group has 1 channel.
Relevant buttons are introduced as below:
: click this button to add the selected channel to the current group.
: click this button to add all channels to the current group.
: click this button to delete the selected channel from the current group.
: click this button to delete the selected channel from the current group.
: click this button to restore the default group.
Here is an example to group digital channels as shown in the following figure.
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Figure 2.3-22An exampleto group digital channels
Click the button OK to display the main interface of WaveEv as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.3-23 Main interface with grouped digital channels
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2.3.2.5 Show/Hide Digital Channel
Two functions are provided: Show/Hide changed digital quantities and Show/Hide all digital
quantities.
1) Show/Hide changed digital quantities
Click the button in the toolbar to press down this button to show the change digital quantities.
This button will pop up if it is clicked again, and now the change digital quantities will be hidden.
2) Show/Hide all digital quantities
Click the button in the toolbar to press down this button to show all the digital quantities.
This button will pop up if it is cli cked again, and now all the digital quantities will be hidden.
NOTEWhen WaveEv is opened, the initial state of these 2 buttons( and ) are
determined by the final states of them when WaveEv was opened last time.
Figure 2.3-24 Show/Hide changed digital quantities
2.3.2.6 Copy Interface
Several methods are provided to copy interface:
Selective copy (By clicking the menu Copy selection to clipboard)
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Area copy (By clicking the menu Copy area to clipboard)
Analog channel copy (By clicking the menu Copy waveform to clipboard)
Digital channel copy (By clicking the menu Copy waveform to clipboard)
Total waveforms copy (By clicking the menu Copy waveform to clipboard)
The copy result is saved in the clipboard in the form of bitmap.
1) Selective copy
Select Edit->Copy selection to clipboard in the menu to select an area by dragging the mouse
and copy the picture within the selected area as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.3-25 Copy selected area to clipboard
The visual effect of the copied file is shown in the following figure:
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Figure 2.3-26 The visual effect of the copied file by clicking Copy selection to clipboard
2) Area copy
Select Edit->Copy area to clipboard in the menu to copy the waveforms of all channels
between R line and C line.
Click the menu Copy area to clipboard to pop up a dialog box named as Waveform copy
option as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.3-27 Copy area to clipboard
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Area copy is applied to copy the waveforms of all channels between R line and C line as shown in
the following figure.
Figure 2.3-28An example to show R line and C line
The visual effect of the copied file is shown in the following figure:
Figure 2.3-29 The visual effect of the copied file by clicking Copy area to clipboard
3) Total waveforms copy
Select Edit->Copy waveform to clipboard in the menu to copy the waveforms of all channels.
Click the menu Copy waveform to clipboard to pop up a dialog box named as Waveform copy
option will pop up as shown in the following figure.
In the folli wng figure, if Time axis is selected, the time axis will be included in the clipboard.
if Channel name is selected, the channel name will be included in the clipboard.
if Analog quantity is selected, the analog channels will be included in the clipboard.
if Digital quantity is selected, the digital channels will be included in the clipboard.
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Figure 2.3-30 Copy waveform to clipboard
Use the method in the above 1)~3) steps, some waveforms have been copied to the clipboard,
Now we can start to save the copied waveforms to a file.
Select the Edit->Copy to file in the menu to pop up a dialog box named as Save waveform
as image. Fill in the file name to be saved and select the file format. The file formats of *.bmp,
*.jpg and *.png are available.
Click OK to save the file.
NOTE*.jpg and *.png are recommened. If you choose *.bmp to save the file, the size of
the file will be too big.
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Figure 2.3-31 Howto save waveform as an image file
2.3.2.7 Print Waveform
The print function provides convenience to print waveform. Click File->Print or the toolbar
button to pop up a dialog box named as Print setup as shown in the following figure:
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Figure 2.3-32 Dialog for print setup
The description about the information in the above dialog box is introduced as below:
1) Channel selection area
Unselected channels: List of unselected channels.
The unselected waveform channels, including unselected analog channel
and digital channel.
Double-click any channel in the unselected channel list, and this channel
will be added to the Selected channels list.
Selected channels: List of selected channels.
The selected channels, including selected analog channel and digital channel.
Double-click any channel in the selected channel list, and this channel will be
added to the Unselectedchannels list.
Select all button: select all channels.
Cancel all button: cancel all selected channels.
2) Setup
Color mode: the color of printed waveform is the same as that of the displayed waveform if this
parameter is selected; the color of printed waveform is set as black if it is
unselected.
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Print area: the waveform between R line and C line will be printed if this parameter is selected; all
the waveforms will be printed if it is unselected.
Zoom according to time axis: the zoom scale is the same as the time axis displayed waveform if
this parameter is selected; to be zoomed according to the scale
set in the following Time zoom if it is unselected.
Print page No.: the page number will be printed if this parameter is selected; no page number will
be printed if it is unselected.
Print date: the current date will be printed if this parameter is selected; no current date will be
printed if it is unselected.
Print changed digital quantities: only the changed digital quantities will be printed if this
parameter is selected; all the digital quantities will be printed
if it is unselected.
Print current line: C line will be printed if this parameter is selected, and the time axis is marked
with a letter C near C line;
C line will not be printed if it is unselected.
Print reference line: R line will be printed if this parameter is selected, and the time axis is
marked with a letter R near R line;
R line will not be printed if it is unselected.
Print trigger line: T line will be printed if this parameter is selected, and the time axis is marked
with a letter T near T line;
T line will not be printed if it is unselected.
Print current value: the data value of C line will be printed if this parameter is selected; no data
value of C linewill be printed if it is unselected.
Print reference value: the data value of R line will be printed if this parameter is selected; no data
value of R line will be printed if it is unselected.
Print channel name only on page 1: the channel name will be only printed in the first page if this
parameter is selected; the channel name will be printed in
each page if it is unselected.
3) Channel height Setup
Fixed height for analog quantities: The height of analog quantities will be fixed to Height for
analog quantities.
Fixed height for digital quantities: The height of digital quantities will be fixed to Height for
digital quantities.
4) Page header/footer: set the content of page header/footer of the printed page.
Page header: set the content of page header of the printed page.
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Page footer: set the content of page footer of the printed page.
5) Time zoom: zoom the time axis according to corresponding proportion.
Line width: set line width of the printed waveform.
When the parameters have been configured succesfully, please click the Preview button to pop
up a new page as shown in the following figure:
Figure 2.3-33 Print preview
The buttons on the toolbar is introduced as below:
Print: click Print to pop up a dialog box for printing, the printer can be set here.
Print setup: click this menu to pop up a dialog as shown in Figure 2.3-32.
Page setup: set the paper size, orientation for printing (portrait or landscape) and margins, etc.
Zoom in: zoom in the page.
Zoom out: zoom out the page.
<<: switch to previous page.
>>: switch to next page.
Fit to width: make the page display adapt to the maximum visiable width.
Fit to height: make the page display adapt to the maximum visiable height.
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2.4 Waveform Analysis
Various analyses on waveforms can give benefit to fault analysis, which is the final purpose of
waveform analysis. WaveEv provides various functions such as fault location, fault line selection,
harmonic analysis, power analysis, impedance analysis and sequence component analysis. New
waveform analysis function can be developed by adding new analysis module.
2.4.1 Fault Location
The fault location function includes single-end fault location and double-end fault location.
NOTEThis function is inapplicable for the files of DFR of generator-transformer unit.
1. Single-end fault location
Select Analysis->Fault location to display the parameter setup interface for fault location,
which is the interface of single-end fault location as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.4-1 Parameter setup for single-end fault location
After selecting the line name in , select the
voltage and current channels in the setup area of Local side. If a current phase-shift angle exists,
mark in the of Shift angle of current, and input the value of phase angle in the input boxf
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. Input correct line parameters in the
.
1) Positive sequence resistance (R1). Unit: ohm.
2) Zero sequence resistance (R0). Unit: ohm.
3) Positive-sequence reactance (X1). Unit: ohm.
4) Zero sequence reactance (X0). Unit: ohm.
5) Line length. Unit: km.
6) Positive sequence capacitance (C1) . Unit: F.
Where:
C1, X1, X0, R1 and R0 adopt primary values.
Set the parameters in the above figure and click the OK button to pop up a dialog to show
analysis results of single-end fault location as shown in the following figure:
Figure 2.4-2 Analysis results of single-end fault location
The fault analysis results include:
1) Fault location type: single-end fault location.
2) Data file: data file name with full path.
3) Line length: total line length.
4) Fault distance: distance between the fault point and the measuring point on local side.
5) Fault phase: fault phases of the line.
37
6) Start time of fault: the start time of the fault (accurate to the millisecond level).
7) Duration of fault: duration between fault occurrence and the time when the fault was cleared.
There is a graphical area below the text information, where the position of the fault point in the
whole line is displayed, thus the general position of the fault can be seen clearly.
2. Double-end fault location
Mark in the of Double-end fault location, and now the dialoag will change as shown in
Parameters on
local side
Parameters on
opposite side
Common
Parameters for
local side and
opposite side
Figure 2.4-3 Parameter setup for double-end fault location
Set the parameters in the above figure and click the OK button to pop up a dialog to show
analysis results of double-end fault location as shown in the following figure:
38
Figure 2.4-4 Analysis results of double-end fault location
The fault analysis results include:
1) Fault location type: double-end fault location.
2) Data file of local side: data file name of local side with full path.
3) Data file of opposite side: data file name of opposite side with full path.
4) Line length: total line length.
5) Fault distance: distance between the fault point and the measuring point on local side.
6) Fault phase: fault phases of the line.
7) Start time of fault: the start time of the fault (accurate to the millisecond level).
8) Duration of fault: duration between fault occurrence and the time when the fault was cleared.
There is a graphical area below the text information, where the position of the fault point in the
whole line is displayed, thus the general position of the fault can be seen clearly.
2.4.2 Harmonic Analysis
Select Analysis->Harmonic analysis to pop up a dialog with harmonic information as shown
in the following figure.
39
Figure 2.4-5 Harmonic analysis
: To save current graph into a .pdf file.
: To print current graph.
NOTEThe list data of the harmonic will change according to the position of C line, and
the data in the bar chart is the harmonic information of current channel selected in the list.
The selected channel will be displayed in bold type, in the above figure,
is the selected channel.
2.4.3 Power Calculation
Select Analysis->Power analysis to pop up a dialog for power calculation as shown in the
following figure.
40
Figure 2.4-6 Parameter setup of power calculation
1) Select the analysis type: Single-phase power or Three-phase power.
2) Select line.
3) Select current/voltage channel .
After clicking the OK button to generate new waveforms.
The power analysis results inculde:
P(active power), Q (reactive power) , S (apparent power) and Cos( power factor).
Figure 2.4-7 Power analysis results
41
2.4.4 Sequence Component Analysis
Select Analysis->Sequence analysis to pop up a dialog for sequence component analysis as
Figure 2.4-8 Parameter setup of vector calculation
The analysis result is a new waveforms which includes:
positive sequence components(I1 or U1), negative sequence components(I2 or U2),
zero-sequence components(I0 or U0).
The vector diagram of each sequence can be observed by the sequence component diagram.
42
Figure 2.4-9 Vector analysis results
2.4.5 Impedance Analysis
Impedence analysis and calculation is applied to analyze and calculate the selected three-phase
voltage/current.
Both single-phase impedence value and phase-to-phase impedence value can be calculated, and
the impedance trajectory diagram is available.
Click Analysis->Impedence analysis to pop up a dialog for impedence analysis as shown in
Figure 2.4-10 Parameter setup of impedence calculation
Select line, voltage channels, current channels, and then click the OK button to access the
analysis result interface as shown in the following figure.
43
Figure 2.4-11 Impedencecalculation results (Trajectory is not shown)
The buttons and drop-down boxes in the small toolbar of impedance analysis diagram from left to
right are introduced as below:
: display the impedance trajectory diagram in a scale of 1:1
: zoom in the impedance trajectory diagram. This function is the same as that of mouse wheel
scrolled downwards.
: zoom out the impedance trajectory diagram. This function is the same as that of mouse
wheel scrolled upwards.
: To print current graph.
: To save current graph into a .pdf file.
44
: select the analysis type: Single-phase impedance or
Phase-to-phase impedance.
1) If Single-phase impedance is selected, Za, Zb and Zc respectively indicate the
single-phase impedance of phase A, B and C.
Z indicates the impedance.
2) If Phase-to-phase impedance is selected, Zab, Zbc and Zca respectively indicate the
phase-to-phase impedance of phase AB, BC and CA.
Z still indicates the impedance.
: display the trajectory or not.
(push down: display the trajectory and the vector;
release: only display the vector.)
The impedance trajectory of a phase can be displayed or hidden by clicking the checkbox in the
list of Phase.
Click the Show trajectory button, and then the impedance trajectory of sampling points from R
line to C line will be drawn in the display area of impedance diagram as shown in the following
figure:
45
Figure 2.4-12 Impedence calculation results (Trajectory is shown in default sacle)
Zoom out the impedance trajectory diagram by clicking or scroll the mouse wheel
downwards as shown in the following figure.
46
Figure 2.4-13 Impedence calculation results (Trajectory is zoomed out)
2.4.6 Formula Editor
The Formula Editor provides several simple computing methods for channels, including: add,
subtract, multiply and divide. Click the menu Analysis->Formula editor to pop up a dialog
named as Formula Editor as shown in the following figure.
47
Figure 2.4-14 Formula Editor
Input the following formulas in the Formula Editor:
ia = "5.Line1_ia"
ib = "6.Line1_ib"
ic = "7.Line1_ic"
i0 = "8.Line1_3i0"
i01 = "5.Line1_ia" + "6.Line1_ib" + "7.Line1_ic"
The left of = are the name of the generated formulas, i.e.: the name of the new channels;
The right of = are the expressions. In the Formula Editor, the channels are used as special
variables, thus the name of the channels are the name of the variables.
NOTE
Double quotation marks ( ) must be added to the name of the channels to

enable it to be used as the variables of the channels.
1. Operators
+: (addition), which may perform the operation of adding channels of the same type, i,e.: add up
the vectors of the channels.
48
-: (subtract), which may perform the operation of subtracting channels of the same type, i,e.:
subtract the vectors of the channels.
: (multiply), which may perform the operation of multiplying channels of various types (mainly
voltage and current channels); in which the power channel will be generated by multiplying the
voltage channel with the current channel.
: (divide), which may perform the operation of dividing channels of various types (mainly voltage
and current channels); in which the impedance channel will be generated by dividing the voltage
channel by the current channel.
2. Operating button
Save formula: to save the established formulas as the files of the .set format for future use.
Load formula: to load the saved formula to the current formula editing area.
Verify formula: to verify whether the inputted formula is correct or not.
Calculate: to perform calculation by using the established formulas.
For the above formulas, ia, ib, ic and i0 are the phase A/B/C and zero-sequence channels of the
original current; while i01 is the new channel generated by adding the three-phase current,i.e.:
calculated zero-sequence channel.
The generated waveforms is shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.4-15 Waveform of the current i01 calculated by Formula Editor
49
2.4.7 Spectral Analysis
Spectral analysis is applied to carry on fast Fourier transform (FFT) to selected channel, and the
result will be given by the means of curve graph after being calculated. Select
Analysis->Spectral analysis to to pop up a dialog as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.4-16 Spectral analysis results
The detailed description about the interface are:
Toolbar
: Horizontal zoom in
: Horizontal zoom out
: Zoom in the amplitude
: Zoom out the amplitude
: Zoom to 100%
50
: Hide/Show grid
: To print current graph
: To save current graph into a .pdf file
: Parameter setup
NOTEFor Horizontal zoom in/out, its shortcut is mouse wheel(upward: zoom in;
downward: zoom out), and for Zoom in/out the amplitude, its shortcut is Ctrl+mouse
wheel
(
upward
: zoom in;
downward
: zoom out).
Click the button Setup to display the dialog box of parameter setup for spectral analysis as
Figure 2.4-17 Parameter setup of spectral analysis
Where:
Show frequency range: set the frequency range of the displayed curve in the interface of
spectral analysis, the range of above figure is set as 0~100Hz. The frequency range limit is
0f<0.5fs: (fs is the sampling frequency of current points).
Data window length: set the amount of calculated data, and its unit is s(second). The
value on the right of N: is the calcuted point number within the data window.
Amplitude coefficient a: set the coefficient of the amplitude.
Total point number (M): set the total point number used by the calculation with FFT, and it is
the integer power of 2 and is greater than N.
Default coefficient (2/N): restore default amplitude coefficient.
2.4.8 Digital Event Information
As shown in thefollowing figure, the digital channels with changed digital quantities will be opened
when a waveform file is opened.
51
Figure 2.4-18 The digital channels with changed digital quantities
NOTEThe relative time of state change is compared to the time of fault points.
1) Sort function
Click the name of a row for sort ascending/descending according to the name.
2) : To save current graph into a .pdf file.
3) : To print current graph.
4) Locate the point of status change of a channel
Click an event of a channel to locate the C line to the time when the status change of this event
occurs. The digital event information diagram before clicking Event 4 of NormalBin000 is
52
Figure 2.4-19 The digital event information diagram before clicking Event 4 of NormalBin000
The digital event information diagram after clicking Event 4 of NormalBin000 is shown in the
following figure, C line has been adjusted compared to the above figure.
53
Figure 2.4-20 The digital event information diagram after clicking Event 4 of NormalBin000
2.4.9 Fault Report
The fault report provides the fault information based on single-end fault location. Select
View->Fault report to pop up a dialog named as Fault report as shown in the following figure.
54
Figure 2.4-21 Fault report
If any error exists in the parameter configuration, a dialog as shown in the following figure will pop
up to indicate that the fault report can not be generated.
Figure 2.4-22 Dialog to prompt error parameter configuration
Click the button Parameter setup to pop up a dialog named as Parameter setup of fault
report to set corresponding parameters as shown in the following figure.
55
Figure 2.4-23 Parameter setup of fault report
If there is no line to be selected, all the current/voltage channels will be displayed.
Set corresponding parameters and then click the button OK, the selected channels will be
analyzed and calculated, and the result will be displayed in the dialog named as Fault report.
2.4.10 View .CFG file information
Select View->View .CFG file information as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2.4-24 How to view .CFGfile
Click this menu to pop up a dialog to display the .CFG file information of the waveform as shown in
56
Figure 2.4-25 .CFGfile information
2.5 Display Analysis Data
The corresponding relationship between waveform analysis data and data display mode is shown
in the following table.
Table 2.5-1
No. Data display mode Waveform data Description
1 Bar chart Harmonic analysis
Amplitude, harmonic
order
2 Polar coordinates
Vector diagram of waveforms of
any analog values
3 Impedance graph Impedance analysis
4 Spectral graph Spectral analysis
57
2.5.1 Bar Chart
Bar chart is used to display the harmonic information at a time.
Select Analysis->Harmonic analysis to pop up the bar chart of harmonic information as shown
in the following figure.
Figure 2.5-1 Bar chart
2.5.2 Vector Graph
Display amplitudes and phases of each analog channel at each sampling instant .
Select Analysis->Waveform vector analysis to pop up the vector graph as shown in the
following figure.
58
Figure 2.5-2 How to access waveform vector analysis
Figure 2.5-3 Waveform vector analysis
NOTE
After clicking the right mouse button on the list, the right click menu
Select/Cancel all channels will appear as shown in the following figure. Click
Select/Cancel all channels

to cancel all the selected channels. Click this button again
can select all the channels again.
59
Figure 2.5-4 Select all channels
In the above figure:
Print: To print waveform vector analysis results of the selected channels.
Save: To save waveform vector analysis results of the selected channels into a .pdf file.
You can select or cancel a specific channel by clicking the check box before the channel name as
Figure 2.5-5 Select some channels
2.5.3 Sequence Component Graph
Sequence component graph is used to display the amplitudes and phases of each sequence
component in the waveform during sequence component analysis.
Figure 2.5-6 Sequence component graph
60
2.5.4 Impedance Trajectory Graph
The trajectory graph of impedance is used to display the impedance value of the selected channel
after analysis and calculation. The trajectory curve between R line and C line can be displayed.
Figure 2.5-7 Impedance trajectory graph
2.5.5 Spectral Analysis Graph
Spectral analysis graph is used to display the spectral distribution of the selected channel after
analysis and calculation by using FFT. The calculated result will be displayed in the format of
curve.
61
Figure 2.5-8 Spectral analysis graph
2.6 Channel Ratio Setup
Select Set-> Channel ratio setup as shown in the following figure. This menu is applied to set
the primary/secondary rated values.
Figure 2.6-1 How to access the dialog to configure WaveEv
Click this menu to pop up a dialog as shown in the following figure.
62
Figure 2.6-2 Channel ratio setup
When the primary/secondary rated values have been configured successfully, click OK to enable
them, and then the data in the waveform display interface will be refreshed according to the
primary/secondary rated values which have just been configured.
2.7 Configure WaveEv
Select Set->Configure WaveEv as shown in the following figure. This menu is applied to set
some parameters related to waveform display, including Line setup, Analysis option, Date
option and Waveform display setup.
Figure 2.7-1 How to access the dialog to configure WaveEv
Click this menu to pop up a dialog as shown in the following figure.
63
Figure 2.7-2 Dialog to configure WaveEv
2.7.1 Line Setup
It is used to determined whether R line or the T line are displayed.
2.7.2 Analysis Option
1) Unfold low frequency sampling
The function to unfold low-frequency sampling waveform is applied to widen the low-frequency
sampling section of 50Hz to a higher frequency. During the process to widen a low-frequency
sampling section, the beginning point is the 1st sampling point of the low-frequency sampling
section (suppose the phase angle of the beginning point is Angle A), the ending point is the 1st
sampling point of sampling section after this low-frequency sampling section (suppose the phase
angle of the ending point is Angle B).
Theoretically, Angle A and Angle B should be the same, but in application, these 2 angles will
differ from each other due to frequency fluctuation. The method currently adopted to solve this
problem is to distribute this angle difference to every cycl e in the low-frequency section averagely.
64
NOTEThe function is disabled by default in WaveEv.
2) Calculate basic data
This parmeter is applied to determine whether to calculate the fundamental wave for the
waveforms of all channels when opening a waveform file.
2.7.3 Date Option
Set the format of running time and fault time when reading the waveform file in the format of
*.CFG.
2.7.4 Waveform Display Setup
Parameters description of Waveform display setup are shown in the following table.
Table 2.7-1 Parameters description of Waveformdisplay setup
Parameter Description
Selected
Show all digital status change
events when opening a
waveform file. Show all digital status
change events
Not selected
Digital status change events will
not be shown when opening a
waveform file.
Selected
The value of C line will be
displayed in the name area of
analog channel.
Show current value
Not selected
The value of C line will not be
analog channel.
Selected
The value of R line will be
analog channel.
Show reference value
Not selected
The value of R line will not be
analog channel.
Selected
The value of R line is left to value
of C line in the name area of
analog channel. Value of R line is left to
Value of C line
Not selected
The value of C line is left to value
of R line in the name area of
analog channel.
Display channel name
leftmost Selected The channel names will be
displayed in the left of the values
65
in the name area of analog
channel.
Not selected
The values will be displayed in
the right of the channel names in
the name area of analog
channel.
Selected
The file name and entire path
name will be displayed in the
recent file list.
The paths are included
in recent file list
Not selected
The path name will not be
included in the recent file list.
Only the file name will be
displayed in recent file list.
Selected
The channels of the same type
adopt the same maximum value.
Use uniform max value
Not selected
Each channel adopt the
maximum value by the demands
of itself.
Show envelope curve and
vertical line
When the low frequency analog
data is displayed, both envelope
curves and vertical lines will be
shown.
Show envelope curve
data is displayed, only the
envelope curves will be shown.
The vertical lines will not be
shown.
Show vertical line
data is displayed, only the
vertical lines will be shown. The
envelope curves will not be
shown.
Low frequency display
setup
Normal display
data is displayed, only the normal
display method will be adopted,
i.e.: both envelope curves and
vertical lines will not be shown.
NOTEIf both Display channel name leftmost and Value of R line is left to Value of
C line is selected, the sequence in the name area of analog channel is (from left to right):
Analog channel name--Value of R line--Value of C line
.
If both Display channel name leftmost and Value of R line is left to Value of C line
66
is not selected, the sequence in the name area of analog channel is (from left to right):
Value of C line--Value of R line--Analog channel name.
If Display channel name leftmost is selected and Value of R line is left to Value of
C line is not selected, the sequence in the name area of analog channel is (from left to
right): Analog channel name--Value of C line--Value of R line.
If Display channel name leftmost is not selected and Value of R line is left to Value
of C line is selected, the sequence in the name area of analog channel is (from left to
right): Value of R line--Value of C line--Analog channel name.
2.7.5 Default Setup
Click the button Default setup to set all the parameters in the dialog Configure WaveEv to
default values.
Chapter 3Manual Release History
67
Chapter 3 Manual Release History
In the current version of the instruction manual, several descriptions on existing features have
been modified.
Manual version and modification history records
Manual Version
Source New
Software
Version
Date Description of change
1.00 R1.22 2010-05-07 Form the original manual.
1.00 1.01 R1.34 2010-09-25 Update Chapter 2.

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