Fundamentals of Nursing Kaplan 1

Exercise
In establishing exercise : regular exercise program
Should exercise 30 min or more a day for a total of 3-4 hours per week
Should commit to daily exercise; does not have to be done at one time; can break the exercise
into 10-min segments
Patient should begin slowly
Whipple procedure: (pancreatoduodenectomy)
Removes pancreatic cancer
Complication: leaking pancreatic juice
Post op- Deep breathing exercise
Ask patient to take two slow, deep breaths, inhaling through nose and exhaling through mouth;
inhale deeply third time and cough
Ask patient to splint abdominal wound with pillow
Administer analgesic prior to asking patient to cough and deep breathe
High Fowler's is the best position to deep breath and cough
Small bowel obstruction : Nausea and abdominal distention.
Renal calculi: Back pain and hematuria
Deep vein thrombosis: Calf pain, tenderness, and redness of the right calf
Place on bed rest with leg elevated; administer prescribed antibiotics
Keep knee gatch flat, do not place pillows behind the knees, perform leg exercises; apply
antiembolic hose
Nutritional needs:
Elderly:
Increase protein intake to keep organ functioning and prevent deterioration
Drink adequate amount of fluid
Less calories required unless recovering from surgery
Coumadin
Has prolonged action, duration is 2-5 days and given orally once daily
Given for 6 months after a deep vein thrombosis.
Heart failure
Failure of the cardiac muscle to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's metabolic needs;
manifestations include dyspnea, orthopnea, pleural effusion, dependent edema, bounding
pulses
Pulmonary embolism
dyspnea and tachypnea, and pleuritic chest pain are manifestations of pulmonary embolism
Atelectasis
the most probable cause for the crackles; with atelectasis, secretions block the bronchioles and
the alveoli collapse, causing hypoventilation