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6. Losses of Prestress
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Classification of Prestress Losses
Pre-transfer and post-transfer losses
(OBrien and Dixon, 1995)
Short-term and long-term losses
(COMPACT)
6.3. Short Term losses (COMPACT)
6.3.1 Elastic deformation of concrete
6.3.2 Friction between tendon and duct
6.3.3 Tendon slip during anchoring
6.4. Long-Term losses (COMPACT)
6.4.1 Creep of the concrete
6.4.2 Shrinkage of concrete due to drying
6.4.3 Relaxation of steel
6.1 Introduction (1)
The design of a prestressed member involves checking the stresses in the
concrete at transfer and service due to the combination of applied loads
and prestressing
Owing to losses of force which occur in prestressing strands and tendons,
the effective prestress force P, which is transferred to the concrete is not
generally equal to the applied jacking force Pj, nor is it constant along the
length of the member.
Design Step 5: Estimate prestress losses
Design step 10: Check the actual prestress losses
Material very well covered by:
OBrien and Dixon (1995), p.322-338
revise for the exam
COMPACT Topic 5 Losses of Prestress
revise for the exam
slight inconsistency in COMPACT terminology
understand the physics of the problem
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6.1 Introduction (2)
6.1 Introduction (3)
In order to determine the final or
effective prestressing force Pe at
transfer and at service, the losses
in prestress must first be
calculated at each (important)
cross section.
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6.1.1 Factors affecting prestress losses
Prestress losses are
governed:
by the deformation of
concrete which reduces
the tensile strain in
prestressing steel;
by the steel relaxation;
and
by the prestressing
technology and
materials/equipment
used
6.1.2 Shrinkage phenomenon
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6.1.3 Instantaneous strain phenomenon
6.1.4 Creep phenomenon
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6.2 Two classifications of prestress
losses
COMPACT
Short-term losses
elastic deformation
friction
tendon slip at the
anchorage
draw-in losses
Long-term losses
relaxation of ps-steel
shrinkage
creep
OBrien and Dixon (1995)
Pre-transfer losses
occur prior to the point when
stress is first felt by the
concrete (???)
pre-transfer losses=Pj-Pi
elastic shortening
friction
Post-transfer losses
occur after the prestress is
transferred to the concrete
post-transfer losses=Pi-Rpi
relaxation
creep
shrinkage
draw-in loss (???)
6.3 Short Term Prestress Losses
tendon curvature and tendon wobble
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6.3.1 Elastic Shortening
6.3.2 Losses due to friction (1)
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6.3.2 Losses due to friction (2)
6.3.3 Draw-in losses (1)
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6.3.3 Draw-in losses (2)
6.4 Long-term prestress losses
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6.4.1 Concrete Creep
6.4.2 Loss of prestress due to concrete
shrinkage
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6.4.3 Prestressing steel relaxation

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