Engr.

Muhammad Usman Saeed 5509

Trainee Engineer (CHEMICAL)
Email: ing.usmansaeedgmail.!"m
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT* + ,AS&A -U.%AT/ MEHM00*$0T/ *IST%ICT
MU1A'A%-A%H/ MULTA(
AREA 600
Sulfur Recovery Unit U 820
SUBMITTED TO
M%. (ASI% 1IA
(-%0U# HEA* A%EA
500 2 300)
X
Mr. Nasir Zia
Group Head A-500/600
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Area 600
Engr. Muhammad Usman Saeed 5509
6
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Area 600
AC!O"#ED$ME!T
All "7 us s"lemnl8 a!9n":ledge 5ha5 all 5han9s/ gra5i5ude and ";liga5i"ns
are "nl8 7"r 5he almigh58 <A##A%< :h" ;es5":ed u4"n 5he !"urage and
9n":ledge and ena;led me 5" :"r9 "u5 5his s5ud8 re4"r5. I "77er m8 hum;les5 and
5he sin!eres5 :"rds "7 5han9s 5" <H"l8 #r"4he5< %A&RAT MU%AMMAD
'()B)U)%)* :h" is 5"r!h "7 guidan!e and 9n":ledge.
Then s4e!ial 5han9s 5" Mana+in+ Director Mr) Tari, Ri-avi 7"r 4r"=iding
ne!essar8 7a!ili5ies 7"r 5raining.
I ":n n" :"rds 5" 4a8 5" "ur m"s5 res4e!57ul Mana+er (roce.. Mr) Aa/ir
A00a. 1 $rou2 %ea3 A45006600 Mr) !a.ir &ia 7"r 5heir de="5ed/ sin!ere and
9ind guidan!e 5hr"ugh"u5 5he de=el"4men5 "7 5his re4"r5.
In 5he same :a8 I 5han97ul 5" Su2ervi.or.7 fiel3 o2erator. 1 DCS
o2erator. 7"r 5heir 4er7e!5 guidan!e in all res4e!5s. All 5he8 :ere 5he 4illars "7
!"urage and a !"ns5an5 s"ur!e "7 ins4ira5i"n 2 9n":ledge/ :i5h"u5 5heir
!""4era5i"n 5his en5ire :"r9 has ;een im4"ssi;le.

En+r) M) U./an Saee3
Engr. Muhammad Usman Saeed 5509
>
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Area 600
Engr. Muhammad Usman Saeed 5509
?
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Area 600
CO!TE!TS
Engr. Muhammad Usman Saeed 5509
5
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
8)SU#9UR RECO:ER; U!IT U 820
@.@ I(T%0*UCTI0(
The S%U is designed 5" 5rea5 5he a!id gases "rigina5ing 7r"m 5he Amine
Trea5ing #r"!ess Uni5 (hereina75er !alled as Amine Uni5)/ namel8/ a !lean a!id
gas 7r"m 5he Amine %egenera5"r and a 7"ul a!id gas 7r"m 5he S"ur Aa5er
S5ri44er/ 5" re!"=er a ;righ5 8ell": !"mmer!ial grade elemen5al sul7ur 4r"du!5
and 5" mee5 l"!al en=ir"nmen5al regula5i"ns "n S0B and H6S emissi"ns. The uni5
!"nsis5s "7 Sul7ur %e!"=er8 (S%) se!5i"n and Tail -as Trea5ing (T-T) se!5i"n and
In!inera5i"n se!5i"n.
@.6 #LA(T CA#ACIT)
This uni5 is !a4a;le "7 5rea5ing 5he a!id gases :h"se sul7ur in5a9e is @@5
me5ri! 5"ns 4er da8. The S% se!5i"n shall ha=e a design !a4a!i58 "7 @@5 me5ri!
5"ns 4er da8 as sul7ur in5a9e eC!luding re!8!le a!id gas 7r"m 5he 5ail gas 5rea5ing
se!5i"n.
@.> #%0CESS THE0%)
@.>.@ SUL'U% %EC0DE%) (CLAUS #%0CESS)
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
Claus 584e sul7ur re!"=er8 4r"!ess is used 5" !"n=er5 h8dr"gen sul7ide
(H6S) in 5he 7eed gases 5" elemen5al sul7ur. The S% se!5i"n em4l"8s 4ar5ial
"Cida5i"n rea!5i"n re4resen5ed ;8 5he 7"ll":ing "=erEall eFua5i"n:
H6S G H 06 H60 G
@
IC SC 0=erall
H6S G
>
I6 06 S06 G H60 C"m;us5i"n
rea!5i"n
6H6S G S06
>
IC SC G 6H60 Claus rea!5i"n
In 5he Claus 4r"!ess/ 5he a;"=e rea!5i"ns 5a9e 4la!e in 5he rea!5i"n
7urna!e a5 a rela5i=el8 high 5em4era5ure. In 5his uni5/ 5:" s5ages "7 !a5al85i!
!"n=ersi"n are em4l"8ed. &e5:een ea!h s5age sul7ur is rem"=ed ;8
!"ndensa5i"n. In 5his :a8 5he eFuili;rium is graduall8 im4r"=ed s" 5ha5 a;"u5
9?J (;ased "n residual H6S and S06 in 5he 5ail gas) "7 sul7ur is re!"=ered. The
rea!5i"ns :hi!h 5a9e 4la!e a5 5he reactor. are sul7ur genera5i"n rea!5i"n
;e5:een H6S and S06 and h8dr"l8sis "7 CS6 and C0S.
6H6S G S06
@
I6S3 G 6H60
?S3 >SK
C0S G H60 H6S G C06
CS6 G H60 C0S G H6S
Sin!e 5hese are eC"5hermi! rea!5i"ns/ 5he l":er 5he 5em4era5ure/ 5he
higher 5he eFuili;rium !"n=ersi"n "7 5hese rea!5i"ns.
@.>.6 T-T SECTI0(
Re3uction Ste2
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
A5 5he SC0T %ea!5"r/ 5he h8dr"gena5i"n rea!5i"n "7 S06/ S3 and SK 5a9es
4la!e :i5h 5he aid "7 a !";al5Im"l8;denum !a5al8s5 a!!"rding 5" eFua5i"ns.
S06 G >H6 H6S G 6H60
S3 G 3H6 3 H6S
SK G KH6 K H6S
A0.or2tion6Re+eneration
In 5he A;s"r;er/ an aFue"us me5h8l die5han"l amine s"lu5i"n (M*EA
s"lu5i"n)/ a;s"r;s H6S !"n5ained in 5he e77luen5 gas "7 5he SC0T %ea!5"r
a!!"rding 5" eFua5i"ns. % and %L re4resen5s CH6.CH6.0H and ECH> res4e!5i=el8.
H6S G %6%L( (%6%L(
G
H) (HS
E
)
C06 G H60 G %6%L( (%6%L(
G
H) (HC0>
E
)
Sin!e 5he rea!5i"n ra5e "7 eFua5i"n H6S is 7as5er 5han C06 a;s"r45i"n/
sele!5i=e a;s"r45i"n !an ;e 4er7"rmed s" 5ha5 m"s5 "7 H6S :ill ;e rem"=ed 7r"m
5he said gas/ :hereas 90J "7 C06 :ill remain in i5. In 5he %egenera5"r/ 5he
re=erse rea!5i"ns "7 5hese eFua5i"ns 5a9e 4la!e !ausing 5he M*EA s"lu5i"n 5" ;e
regenera5ed and H6S and C06 5" ;e released and re!8!led ;a!9ed.
@.>.> I(CI(E%ATI0( SECTI0(
Thermal in!inera5"r :i5h 7"r!ed dra75 is ins5alled 5" !"n=er5 sul7ur ;earing
!"m4"unds su!h as H6S/ C0S/ CS6 and elemen5al sul7ur 5" S06 ;8 !"m4le5e
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
"Cida5i"n :i5h eC!ess air. In!inera5ing 5em4era5ure "7 M50NC !an a!hie=e residual
H6S !"n5en5 "7 n"5 m"re 5han @0 mgIdr8 (MO. H# s5eam su4erhea5er is 4r"=ided
5" re!"=er :as5e hea5 "7 5he 7lue gas.
@.? #%0CESS *ESC%I#TI0(
@.?.@ S% SECTI0(
The S% se!5i"n has ;een designed 5" 4r"!ess a !lean a!id gas 7r"m
Amine Uni5/ re!8!le a!id gas 7r"m T-T se!5i"n and a 7"ul a!id gas 7r"m Amine
Uni5. The re!8!le a!id gas P"ins 5he !lean a!id gas u4s5ream "7 i5s $.0. drum.
This !"m;ined s5ream :ill ;e hereina75er !alled 5he !lean a!id gas.
The !lean a!id gas is 7irs5 7ed 5" 5he Clean A!id -as $.0. *rum (K60ED@)
a5 a 4ressure "7 0.K5 9gI!mQ - and a 5em4era5ure "7 3@
"
C. *rain !"lle!5ing in
5his drum is sen5 ;a!9 5" 5he Amine Uni5 =ia 5he A!id *rain #um4 (K60E#@ A).
The 7"ul a!id gas is 7ed 5" 5he '"ul A!id -as $.0. *rum (K60ED6) a5 a
4ressure "7 0.K5 9gI!mQ -. and a 5em4era5ure "7 KM
"
C. This drum has n"
demis5er 5" 4re=en5 4lugging !aused ;8 amm"nium sal5s. *rain !"lle!5ing in 5his
drum is als" 4um4ed 5" 5he Amine Uni5 5hr"ugh 5he T-T se!5i"n =ia 5he A!id
*rain #um4 (K60E#@ &).
The a!id gas re!"=ered 7r"m T-T se!5i"n is in5r"du!ed a5 5he su!5i"n "7
K60ED@. 0n lea=ing 5hese gas $.0. drums/ 5he 7"ul a!id gas and 5he !lean a!id
gas are miCed and 5hen 7ed 5" 5he %ea!5i"n 'urna!e &urner (K60EH@).
C"m;us5i"n air 5" 5he K60EH@ is su44lied ;8 5he Claus Air &l":er (K60EC@
AI&. A 4ar5 "7 5he !"m;us5i"n air is deli=ered 5" 5he T-T se!5i"n/ and an"5her
;ran!h s5ream 5" 5he Sul7ur #i5 as a degassing air.
The 4r"!ess gas lea=ing 5he %ea!5i"n 'urna!e (K60EH6) en5ers 5he S%
Aas5e Hea5 &"iler (K60EE@)/ :here 5he gas is !""led d":n 5" a;"u5 >60NC.
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
@6/03K 9gIhr "7 sa5ura5ed H# s5eam is 5hus genera5ed in 5he S5eam *rum (K60E
D3).
The 4ar5iall8 !""led gas 5hen 7l":s 5" 5he (". @ C"ndenser (K60EE6)/
:here 5he gas is !""led d":n 5" a;"u5 @K5NC ;8 genera5ing @/M5K 9gIhr "7
sa5ura5ed L# s5eam. This 5em4era5ure is su77i!ien5 5" !"ndense "u5 m"s5 "7 5he
elemen5al sul7ur :hi!h is 4r"du!ed in 5he K60EH6. The >/0>3 9gIhr "7 m"l5en
sul7ur 7l":s 5" 5he Sul7ur #i5 (K60ET$@) =ia 5he (". @ Seal Leg (K60EME@).
The 4r"!ess gas :hi!h lea=es 5he K60EH6 is hea5 eC!hanged :i5h high
4ressure s5eam 7r"m 5he S5eam *rum (K60ED3)/ hea5ing i5 u4 5" 6>0NC :hi!h is
5he ne!essar8 rea!5i"n 5em4era5ure and sen5 5" 5he (". @ Claus %ea!5"r (K60E
%@).
The 4r"!ess gas 7r"m 5he K60E%@ is led 5" 5he (". 6 C"ndenser (K60EE>)/
:here i5 is !""led d":n 5" a;"u5 @M0NC ;8 genera5ing @/>M? 9gIhr "7 sa5ura5ed
L# s5eam. The @/?6M 9gIhr "7 m"l5en sul7ur is drained "77 5" 5he Sul7ur #i5 =ia 5he
(".6 Seal Leg (K60EME6).
#r"!ess gas 7r"m 5he K60EE> is hea5ed u4 5" a;"u5 6@0NC in 5he (". 6
%ehea5er (K60EE3) and 4assed 5" 5he (". 6 Claus %ea!5"r (K60E%6) :here 5he
gas 5em4era5ure rises 5" a;"u5 66MNC. The 4r"!ess gas 7r"m 5he K60E%6 is
!""led d":n 5" @30NC in 5he (". > C"ndenser (K60EE?) ;8 genera5ing 3@3 9gIhr
"7 sa5ura5ed L# s5eam.
#r"!ess gas 7r"m 5he K60EE? is 4assed 5hr"ugh 5he Sul7ur C"ales!er
(K60ED>) 5" rem"=e sul7ur mis5 en5rained in 5he gas/ 7r"m :here >>9 9gIhr "7
m"l5en sul7ur is drained "77 5" 5he Sul7ur #i5 =ia 5he (".> Seal Leg (K60EME>). S%
5ail gas 7r"m 5he K60ED> is sen5 5" 5he T-T se!5i"n a5 a 4ressure "7 0.> 9gI!mQ -
7"r 7ur5her 4r"!essing.
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
The Sul7ur *egassers ha=e a re!5angular !r"ss se!5i"n :i5h 5he 5"4 and
;"55"m "4en. A5 5he ;"55"m/ 5he8 are eFui44ed :i5h an air s4arger. The
degassing air is su44lied 7r"m 5he Claus Air &l":er (K60EC@AI&). The air
de!reases 5he 4ar5ial 4ressure "7 H6S and als" indu!es a sul7ur !ir!ula5i"n
u4:ards 5hr"ugh 5he degassers/ in :hi!h sul7ur :i5h H6S !"n5en5 "7 50 :5. 44m is
";5ained. The 4r"du!5 sul7ur is 4um4ed 5" 5he sul7ur s"lidi7i!a5i"n 7a!ili5ies =ia 5he
#r"du!5 Sul7ur #um4 (K60E#6AI&). The =en5 gas is edu!5ed 7r"m 5he Sul7ur #i5
;8 5he Sul7ur #i5 EPe!5"r (K60E.@ AI&) and dis!harged 5" 5he In!inera5"r (K60EH?)
7"r 5rea5ing.
@.?.6 T-T SECTI0(
Re3uction Sta+e
The 5ail gas sen5 7r"m 5he S% se!5i"n is led 5" 5he SC0T Line Hea5er (K60E
H56) a5 a 4ressure "7 0.> 9gI!m
6
- and a 5em4era5ure "7 @30NC. The 5ail gas !an
als" ;e led dire!5l8 5" 5he In!inera5"r (K60EH?) during shu5d":n "7 T-T se!5i"n.
A5 5he SC0T Line hea5er/ 5he 5em4era5ure "7 5he 5ail gas is raised 5" 5ha5
reFuired 7"r 5he rea!5i"n (6K0NC) :i5h 5he high 5em4era5ure gas ";5ained ;8
!"m;us5ing 5he 7uel gas 7r"m 5he 'uel -as $.0. *rum (K60ED?) and 5hen sen5 5"
5he SC0T %ea!5"r (K60E%5@
H8dr"gen gas is su44lied 5" 5he SC0T Line Hea5er :hen 5he S% 5ail gas
d"es n"5 !"n5ain en"ugh h8dr"gen and !ar;"n m"n"Cide reFuired 7"r 5he
redu!5i"n rea!5i"n. The 7l": ra5e "7 5he h8dr"gen gas is adPus5ed ;8 m"ni5"ring
5he h8dr"gen !"n!en5ra5i"n in 5he "u5le5 gas "7 5he ,uen!her (K60ED5@). The
SC0T %ea!5"r !"n5ains aluminaEsu44"r5ed C"IM" !a5al8s5 and =ir5uall8 all "7
sul7ur !"m4"unds are redu!ed 5" h8dr"gen sul7ide.
The gas sen5 7r"m SC0T %ea!5"r is !""led d":n 5" @M0NC ;8 genera5ing
l": 4ressure s5eam in 5he SC0T Aas5e Hea5 &"iler (K60EE5@). The gas is 5hen
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
led 5" 5he ,uen!her (K60ED5@) and/ ;8 :a8 "7 dire!5 hea5 eC!hange :i5h 5he
!ir!ula5ing :a5er/ !""led d":n 5" ?>NC. A75er ;eing 4ressuriRed ;8 5he Cir!ula5i"n
Aa5er #um4s (K60E#5@ AI&) and !""led d":n 5" ?@NC ;8 5he Cir!ula5i"n Aa5er
C""ler (K60EE56)/ 5he !ir!ula5ing :a5er. The gas !""led d":n in 5he ,uen!her is
sen5 5" 5he SC0T A;s"r;er (K60ED56).
A/ine Sta+e
The lean s"lu5i"n 7r"m 5he SC0T %egenera5"r (K60ED5>) is !""led ;8 :a8
"7 hea5 eC!hanging :i5h 5he ri!h M*EA s"lu5i"n 7r"m 5he ;"55"m "7 SC0T
A;s"r;er in 5he LeanI%i!h S"lu5i"n EC!hanger (K60EE5>)/ and 4ressuriRed ;8
Lean S"lu5i"n #um4s (K60E#5> AI&). Then 5he Lean M*EA S"lu5i"n is 7ur5her
!""led d":n 5" ?@NC ;8 5he Lean S"lu5i"n C""ler (K60EE5?)/ and 7ed 5" 5he 5"4
"7 SC0T A;s"r;er.
'r"m 5he dis!harge "7 K60EE5? AI&/ @0J (maC. @5J) "7 5he !ir!ula5i"n
s"lu5i"n is 7ed 5" 5he #reE'il5er (K60EME56)/ 5" 5he A!5i=a5ed Car;"n 'il5er (K60E
D5K) and 5" 5he A75er 'il5er (K60EME5>). The 7il5ered M*EA S"lu5i"n is re5urned 5"
5he su!5i"n "7 K60E#5> AI&.
The ri!h M*EA s"lu5i"n 7r"m 5he SC0T A;s"r;er :here H6S and C06 are
a;s"r;ed is 4ressuriRed ;8 5he A;s"r;er &"55"ms #um4 (K60E#56 AI&) and sen5
5" 5he SC0T %egenera5"r a75er ;eing hea5ed 5" @66NC ;8 :a8 "7 hea5
eC!hanging :i5h 5he lean M*EA s"lu5i"n 7r"m 5he ;"55"m "7 SC0T %egenera5"r
in LeanI%i!h S"lu5i"n EC!hangers =ia 5he LIC "7 SC0T A;s"r;er.
The 5"4 =a4"r 7r"m 5he SC0T %egenera5"r/ !"nsis5ing "7 H6S and C06 gas
sa5ura5ed :i5h :a5er =a4"r/ is !""led d":n 5" 3@NC ;8 5he %egenera5"r 0DH*
C"ndenser (K60EE53). The grea5er 4ar5 "7 5he :a5er =a4"r 5hen !"ndenses and
se4ara5ed 7r"m 5he n"nE!"ndensed =a4"r in 5he %egenera5"r %e7luC *rum (K60E
D53). The m"s5 4ar5 "7 5he !"ndensa5e is re5urned ;8 5he %egenera5"r %e7luC
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
#um4s (K60E#5? AI&) 5" 5he SC0T %egenera5"r/ :here i5 is in5r"du!ed 5" 5he 5"4
5ra8.
S"ur :a5er dis!harged 7r"m 5he ,uen!her and 5he %e7luC drum is sen5 5"
5he Amine Uni5. The M*EA drains dis!harged 7r"m 5he A;s"r;er $.0. *rum
(K60ED55) and s" "n/ are ga5hered a5 5he Sum4 *rum (K60ED5M) and sen5 ;a!9
;8 Sum4 #um4 (K60E#55).
Incineration Section
The gas 5rea5ed in 5he SC0T A;s"r;er (K60ED56) is sen5 5" 5he In!inera5"r
(K60EH?)/ :here 5he 5em4era5ure "7 5he gas is raised 5" M50NC :i5h a highE
5em4era5ure gas ";5ained ;8 !"m;us5ing 5he 7uel gas 7r"m 5he 'uel -as $.0.
*rum (K60ED?) and 5he residual H6S is !"n=er5ed 5" S06. In!inera5ing
5em4era5ure "7 M50NC !an a!hie=e residual H6S !"n5en5 "7 n"5 m"re 5han @0
mgIdr8 (MO.
The !"m;us5i"n air is su44lied 7r"m 5he In!inera5"r &l":er (K60EC6). The
Su4erhea5er (K60EEM) is 4r"=ided 7"r :as5e hea5 re!"=er8 "7 in!inera5ed "77 gas.
The A55em4era5"r (K60EMEM) is 4r"=ided 5" 4re=en5 5he H# s5eam 7r"m
"=erhea5ing. H# &'A is 7ed 5" K60EMEM 5" desu4erhea5 5he H# s5eam :i5h 5he
7l": ra5e :hi!h is !"n5r"lled ;8 5he TIC 4r"=ided "n 5he "u5le5 line "7 K60EEM. The
gas 7r"m 5he K60EEM is dis!harged 5" a5m"s4here 7r"m 5he S5a!9 (K60EME3). The
in!inera5"r !an 5rea5 5he @00J l"ad "7 S% 5ail gas during T-T se!5i"n ;eing
;84assed.
@.5 MA.0% E,UI#ME(T 2 THEI% SE%DICES
@.5.@ CLEA( ACI* -AS *%UM (K60ED@) I '0UL ACI* -AS *%UM
(K60ED6)
Ea!h a!id gas is 7ed 5" 5he res4e!5i=e drum/ and gas =el"!i58 is redu!ed 5"
5he =alue ne!essar8 se4ara5ing liFuid mis5 7r"m 5he a!id gas. In 5he Clean A!id
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
-as *rum/ a @00 mm 5hi!9 :ire mesh demis5er is 4r"=ided 5" drain "77 5he liFuid
mis5 !"m4le5el8. 0n 5he "5her hand/ In 5he '"ul A!id -as *rum/ n" :ire mesh
demis5er is 4r"=ided 5" a="id 4lugging due 5" 5he 7"rma5i"n "7 amm"nium sal5s a5
l": 5em4era5ure.
@.5.6 %EACTI0( 'U%(ACE &U%(E% (K60EH@)I %EACTI0(
'U%(ACE (K60EH6)
The %ea!5i"n 'urna!e is an in5ernall8 re7ra!5"r8 lined !8linder ha=ing
en"ugh residen!e 5ime 7"r 5he 5hermal Claus rea!5i"n. The ma5riC :all is 4la!ed
a5 5he !en5er "7 i5 5" 4r"m"5e !"m4le5e miCing "7 5he !"m;us5i"n gas and 5"
4re=en5 5he gas 7r"m 5a9ing sh"r5 4ass al"ng :i5h 5he :all "7 5he %ea!5i"n
'urna!e.
The %ea!5i"n 'urna!e &urner/ :hi!h is m"un5ed "n 5he 7r"n5 end "7 5he
%ea!5i"n 'urna!e/ has 5he a!id gas ;urner and 7uel gas ;urner se4ara5el8 5"
a!hie=e "ne 5hird !"m;us5i"n "7 H6S and 5he"re5i!al !"m;us5i"n "7 "5her
!"m4"nen5s. The S% :as5e Hea5 &"iler is 7"ll":ed ;8 5he %ea!5i"n 'urna!e 7"r
:as5e hea5 re!"=er8.
@.5.> CLAUS %EACT0% (K60E%@)I (K60E%6)I SC0T %EACT0% (K60E
%5@)
These rea!5"rs are "7 a 7iCed ;ed 584e and a h"riR"n5al =essel made "7
$CS. And !"m;ined in5" "ne !"mm"n shell. The !a5al8s5 ;eds are 4la!ed a5 5he
!en5er R"ne in 5he h"riR"n5al =essel. Ta9ing 5he h"5 s4"5 resul5ing 7r"m sul7ur
;eing ;urned during shu5 d":n 4eri"d in5" !"nsidera5i"n/ A% !emen5 lining is
made in5ernall8. Claus !a5al8s5 "7 @>.3 m
>
is 4a!9ed 7"r ea!h Claus %ea!5"r and
@5.5 m
>
"7 SC0T !a5al8s5 7"r SC0T %ea!5"r.
@.5.? (0. @ C0(*E(SE% (K60EE@)I (K60EE6) I (K60EE>)
These !"ndensers are s4e!ial 9e55le 584e shell and 5u;e eC!hangers
!"ns5ru!5ed :i5h $CS. The 4r"!ess gas/ :hi!h 7l":s 5hr"ugh 5u;es/ is !""led
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
d":n 5" !"ndense elemen5al sul7ur =a4"r in i5. The !"ndensed liFuid sul7ur is
se4ara5ed in 5he rear !hannel and 5hen 7l":s 5" 5he Seal Leg. L# s5eam is
genera5ing in 5he shell 5" rem"=e 5he hea5.
@.5.5 SUL'U% C0ALESCE% (K60ED>)
In 5he Sul7ur C"ales!er 5he rea!5i"n gas =el"!i58 is redu!ed 5" 5he
ne!essar8 =alue 5" ena;le 5he sul7ur mis5 5" ;e se4ara5ed "77 7r"m 5he gas/ 5hen
5he gas is 4assed 5hr"ugh a @50 mm 5hi!9 :ire mesh demis5er s" as 5" raise 5he
e77i!ien!8 "7 sul7ur mis5 se4ara5i"n.
@.5.3 SC0T LI(E HEATE% &U%(E% (K60EH5@) I SC0T LI(E HEATE%
(K60E H56)
The SC0T is an in5ernall8 re7ra!5"r8 lined !8linder ha=ing en"ugh
residen!e 5ime 5" miC 5he S% 5ail gas :i5h 5he !"m;us5i"n gas genera5ed in 5he
SC0T Line Hea5er &urner. The du58 "7 5hese eFui4men5 is 5" raise 5he 5em4. u45"
6K0
"
C :hi!h is sui5a;le 7"r SC0T rea!5i"n.
@.5.M ,UE(CHE% (K60ED5@)
The ,uen!her is ins5alled 5" 7ur5her !""l d":n 5he rea!5"r e77luen5 gas
dis!harged 7r"m 5he SC0T Aas5e Hea5 &"iler 5" mee5 5he 5em4era5ure le=el 7"r
amine a;s"r45i"n. The !""ling media is a !ir!ula5ing :a5er :hi!h hea5 is rem"=ed
;8 a :a5er !""ler.
@.5.K SC0T A&S0%&E% (K60ED56)
The 4ur4"se "7 5he SC0T A;s"r;er is 5" rem"=e H6S as mu!h as 4"ssi;le
and C06 as less as 4"ssi;le. There7"re sele!5i=e a;s"r45i"n is reFuired. This !an
;e im4lemen5ed ;8 using a sele!5i=e s"l=en5 "7 M*EA and ;8 sh"r5ening !"n5a!5
5ime "7 gas :i5h s"l=en5.
@.5.9 SC0T %E-E(E%AT0% (K60ED5>)
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
%i!h amine en5ers near 5he 5"4 5ra8 "7 5he s5ri44ing se!5i"n and 7l":s
d":n:ards 5hr"ugh 5he 5ra8s. And s5eam genera5ed in 5he %egenera5"r %e;"iler
7l":s u4:ards 5hr"ugh 5ra8s. In 5his !"urse H6S and C06 are s5ri44ed "77 and 5he
ri!h amine is regenera5ed 5" lean.
@.5.@0 SC0T AASTE HEAT &0ILE% (K60EE5@)
The rea!5"r e77luen5 gas/ :hi!h 7l":s 5hr"ugh 5u;es/ is !""led d":n 5"
@M0
"
C. L# s5eam is genera5ed in 5he shell 5" rem"=e 5he hea5.
@.5.@@ I(CI(E%AT0% &U%(E% (K60EH>) I I(CI(E%AT0% (K60E
H?)
The In!inera5"r is an in5ernall8 re7ra!5"r8 lined !8linder ha=ing en"ugh
residen!e 5ime 5" redu!e H6S !"n5en5 in 5he 5rea5ed gas as l": as 5he reFuired
le=el. The In!inera5"r &urner/ :hi!h is m"un5ed "n 5he 7r"n5 end "7 5he
In!inera5"r/ has a 7uel gas ;urner 5" !"m;us5 5he 7uel gas :i5h eC!ess air 5" raise
5he 5em4era5ure "7 5he 5rea5ed gas 5" M50
"
C. The ;urner is eFui44ed :i5h a
se4ara5e ;urner 5i4 7"r 5rea5ing a leaded gas"line sl"4 7"r 5em4"ral use. The
Su4er hea5er is 7"ll":ed ;8 5he In!inera5"r 7"r :as5e hea5 re!"=er8.
@.3 ACTIDITIES #E%'0%ME*
@.3.@ '0UL -AS $.0.*%UM K60ED6 LSHH00@ SCHE*UAL CHEC$U#
LSHH00@ ins5alled a5 7"ul a!id gas $.0. drum is !he!9ed :here i5 is in
:"r9ing !"ndi5i"n "r n"5 ;e!ause i7 le=el in K60ED6 '"ul gas $.0. *rum in!reases
5hen liFuid :ill s5ar5 !arr8"=er :i5h gases 5" in!inera5"r. I7 liFuid dr"4s 4asses
5hr"ugh drum 5hen 5he8 :ill damage h"5 re7ra!5"r8 in K60EH@IH6 In!inera5"r.
S5e4s 4er7"rmed during a!5i=i58 are:
i. In7"rm Shi75 su4er=is"r and Main5enan!e s5a77 a;"u5 a!5i=i58.
ii. In7"rm HSE a;"u5 4"ssi;le lea9age "7 H6S and a!5i=i58.
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
iii. Ai5h Main5enan!e (Ins5rumen5) a5 P"; si5e !"E"rdina5e :i5h *CS
"4era5"r a;"u5 le=el s:i5!h a!5i=a5i"n.
i=. Is"la5e LSHHE00@ 7r"m =essel 5hr"ugh is"la5i"n =al=e and inser5
!"u4ling a5 4i4e ;"55"m 7"r 4i4e h"se
=. *rain an8 liFuid in 4i4e 5" !l"sed drain s8s5em 5hr"ugh 7leCi;le 4i4e
and sh":er :a5er 7r"m u5ili58 4"in5 "n !l"sed drain 5" a="id alarm
a!5i=a5i"n.
=i. (": !"u4le 4i4e 5" U5ili58 4"in5 and su44l8 :a5er 5" LSHHE00@ 7"r
a!5i=a5i"n and !"E"rdina5e :i5h *CS "4era5"r i7 le=el n" high alarm
a!5i=a5ed 5hen 4r"!eed 7"r LS !hange i7 i5 a!5i=a5es 5hen drain line
5hr"ugh 4i4e 5" !l"sed drain s8s5em.
=ii. Then :ash 4i4e :i5h :a5er 5" rem"=e H6S a;s"r;ed in 4i4e and
5hen same 4i4e is used 5" !lean P"; si5e !"u4ling als".
=iii. Then rem"=e !"u4ling and "4en is"la5i"n =al=e 5" lineEin Le=el
S:i5!h.
@.3.6 T-T SECTI0( CUTI(
i. C"n7irm S% and In!inera5"r K60EH? are in "4era5i"n and inser5 gas
is !ir!ula5ed in T-T se!5i"n K60EC5@ ;l":ers.
ii. SC0T line Hea5er in "4era5i"n and a;s"r;er is 4ressuriRed :i5h (6
and regenera5"r is hea5ed u4 :i5h M*EA.
iii. 04en a;s"r;er inle5 =al=e and in5r"du!e 5ail gas in SC0T line
Hea5er.
#A$ A%A& %E'I(E%) LT*
*e4ar5men5: #r"!ess
Sulfur Recovery Unit
Area 600
i=. Ai5h 5ail gas in5r"du!5i"n and in!reasing 7l": in Hea5er/ a!id gas
l"ad "7 M*EA s"lu5i"n als" in!rease/ s" gases emissi"n in
regenera5"r als" in!rease.
=. As 7l": "7 gas in K60EH? in!rease 5hen redu!ed re!8!le gas 7l":
and e=en5uall8 s5"4 K60EC5@ ;l":er.