Distillation

Alcohol-water solution is fed into a distilling still at the rate of 1000 kg per hour.
The solution analyzes 30% ethyl alcohol by weight, the distillate contains 90% eth
and the bottom 8% ethyl alcohol, calculate (a) kg of distillate per hour (b)kg botto

D OMB: 1000 = D + B
0.9 ethanol
Ethyl Alcohol Balance:
Feed: F(0.30) = 0.9D + 0.08
1000 B = 1000 - D
ethanol: D=
0.3 B=

B
0.08 ethanol
e rate of 1000 kg per hour.
e distillate contains 90% ethyl alcohol
stillate per hour (b)kg bottom per hour (c) % recovery of alcohol.

OMB: 1000 = D + B

Ethyl Alcohol Balance:

F(0.30) = 0.9D + 0.08 B
B = 1000 - D
268.29
731.71
Distillation
A distilling column is fed with a solution containing 0.45 mass fractions of benzene and 0.55 mass fr
If 95% of benzene must appear in the overhead product, while 92% of toluene appears in the residue

D OMB: 100 = D + B
0.95 benzene
0.05 Toluene Benzene Balance:
Benzene in D=42.75
Feed Benzene in B=2.25
100
0.45 C6H6 Toluene Balance
0.55 C5H6 Toluene in B =50.6
Toluene in D= 4.4

B % Composition
0.92 toluene in the Distillate:
0.08 Benzene benzene = ###
toluene =9.33
 benzene and 0.55 mass fraction toluene.
ene appears in the residue, calculate the composition of distillate and bottoms.

in the Bottom:
benzene =4.26
toluene =###
Distillation
Dilute alcohol from fermenting vats contains 11.15% ethanol. The distillate contains 95%
alcohol while the bottom contains 0.5% alcohol. As distillation proceeds, a side s
The total recovery of alcohol in the distillate and in the side stream is 96.5%. On the basis of 1000 kg
calculate the amounts of the bottom, distillate and the side stream.

100- 96.5
3.5=
D
0.95 OMB: 1000= D + S + B
Alcohol balance:
0.005 B = 0.035(1000)(.1115
B= 780.5
FEED S 0.4 D +S = 219.5
1000 D=219.5-S
0.11 alcohol D= 36
S= 183.5

B 0.01
 ate contains 95%
ation proceeds, a side stream containing 40% alcohol is removed.
.5%. On the basis of 1000 kg of feed,

000= D + S + B

B = 0.035(1000)(.1115)
A mixture of 2 mol% ethanol and
Steam, admitted through an ope
than 0.01 mol% ethanol. The fee
For ethanol-water solutions, the

Overall Ethanol Balance:

V(ya-yb) = L(Xa-Xb)
0.2(ya-0) = 1(0.02-0.00
ya=
 ya - y*a =
yb - y*b =
y*b - y*a =
yb - ya =
 mol% ethanol and 98 mol% water is to be stripped in a plate column to a bottom produ
ed through an open coil in the liquid on the bottom plate, is to be used as a source of v
% ethanol. The feed is at its boiling point. The steam flow is to be 0.2 mole per mole of
ater solutions, the equilibrium line is given by ye = 9.0xe. How many ideal plates are ne

F = L =1 V = 0.2 xb = 0

xa = 0.02 yb = 0 y*a = 9* 0.0020.18

=

ya= 0 y*b = 9*0.0001 0=

V=1
ya = 0.0001

F=1
xa = 0.02

L=1 V = 0.2
xb = 0.0001 yb = 0

erall Ethanol Balance:

V(ya-yb) = L(Xa-Xb)
0.2(ya-0) = 1(0.02-0.0001)
0.1
-0.08
0
-0.18
-0.1

N= 7.64
mn to a bottom product containing not more
used as a source of vapor.
0.2 mole per mole of feed.
ny ideal plates are needed?