Reportwdd

EXECUTIVE SUMMERY OF THE REPORT
The main purpose, of making this report is to study the situation of

Roads & also Road Industries in India Apollo construction Equipment
Pvt. Ltd. is manufacturing company of the road machinerys. This report
consists the micro examination of Apollo Construction Equipment Pvt
Ltd.
In every organization, there are main four functions of the Management,
production, R, Marketing & !inance.
The production mgt consists the ho" the company gets the ra" material
of the product# $y "hich Machinery %ompany uses in the production
process# &hat is the production process for manufacturing the
products#
The R Management consists all the information related to the
employees of the company. The company's employment & (election
process, ho" the company gives guidance to the employee# The
company's income & "ages administration, after' )enefits provided to the
employees etc.
Marketing mgt. consists the market segmentation of the company* +,'s
of marketing mix, product line, product mix, advertisement, personal
selling etc. of the company.
The finance mgt. consists the financial position of the company, &orking
capital mgt. inventory mgt. dc of the company.
-t last, there is a (&.T analysis of the Apollo construction
Equipment Pvt. Ltd. (o this "hole report consists the micro level
analysis of four functions of mgt. in the Apollo Construction
Equipment Pvt Ltd.
Apollo Construction Equipments Pvt. Ltd.
1
PURPOSE OF MAKING THIS PROJECT REPORT
-s explained earlier research of pro/ect report is nothing )ut a first step in the
practical field.
0o one is learning s"imming )y /ust understanding theories of s"imming from
text)ook )ut one has to get into the "ater in properly. (imilarly pro/ect report yields a
first chance for learning )usiness administration in the real field. In a process of
training a pro/ect report are has to pass through the real human affiliation
environment & necked truth of industrial pro)lem a practical constrictive of the
management etc. therefore, "e are enlisting the o)/ectives of pro/ect report as
)elo".
To expand the skill of effective communication "ith management,
administrative staff, technical staff like engineers, la)ors etc.
. $y getting concerned in different issues of management. &e are analyze,
talk a)out & decision making, altitudes, & theyre )y realizing the real role of
M.$.-. professional.
It also develops the skill of gathering data from different (ources like li)rary,
electronics media, and "e)sites from individuals & classifying the same in
dispread manner.
It develops the art .of valua)le presentation )y effective pro/ect "riting.
&ith the a)ove glo)al o)/ectives in the mind, "e look & search in the market for an
industry, "hich may have human resources role in the national development. -s a
result "e decided to "ork ahead all industry named, APOLLO CONSTRUCTION
EQUIPENT Pvt LT!.". Its an industry, "hich is involved in the manufacturing of
Road making machineries.
2
3
THE SITUATION & DEVELOPMENTT OF ROADS IN
INDIA
The planning commission had advised the government to exercise control in
declaring ne" national high"ays since random declaration has caused a )acklog of
incomplete high"ays according to commission, the response to pu)lic, ,vt.,
partnership modes have )een 1td. so far "ith a total of +2 pro/ects "orth R(.23.+
)illion )eing developed through this route.
The Tamil 0adu government has allo"ed R(.4.5 )illion for improving roads in the
channel Metropolitan -rea. The revised estimate of the total investment needed for
the structure of rural roads under the ,radhan Mantri 6ram (-7-8 9o/ana has shot
up to Rs, :44; )illion from the prior R(.<;; )illion.
The 0ational $ank for -griculture and Rural 7evelopment =0-$-R7> has sanctioned
R(.<44.? million for rural roads and )ridges and minor preigation in Tamilnadu under
the Rural Infrastructure 7evelopment !und =RI7!>. 0-$-R7 has sanctioned
pro/ects "ith an outlay of R(.5:4 million.
The 6roup of Ministers =6.M> has re/ected the rural transport and high"ay
department's suggestion to change the formula for the distri)ution of revenue
collected during the additional cess of ?; paisa an every liter of petrol and diesel.
The finance ministry has spoken concern over the )reakdo"n, of the 0otional
igh"ay -uthority of India =0-I> to spend funds for the national high"ay pro/ects.
The $anglore, Mysore Infrastructure %orridor =$MI%> pro/ect is involved in a
controversy.
The -ndhra ,radesh chief minister's @Ra/iv ,alle $auta@ programmes received a
sanction of Rs.A )illion from 0-$-R7 for development of rural roads. The first
installment "ould cover a)out A,?;; 8m. of roads, including high level )ridges and
culverts.
!our ma/or roads pro/ects have )een in the ne"s freshly. Three of these are ur)an
pro/ects "hile the forth is a rural pro/ect )eing attempted on a pu)lic, ,vt.,
partnership )asis.
Thiruvanthapuram %ity Road 7evelopment ,ro/ect.
&arana Rural Road ,ro/ect.
-hmeda)ad vadodara express"ay.
7elhi 6urgaon expresses "ay.
4
INDUSTRY INDICATION
The "orld's leading democracy
6overnment committed to infrastructure gro"th, special focus on the roads,
Rs5?;;;BC corers =D(7 :?.? $illion> to )e invested in road construction in the
next ? years
-ll the pro/ects under 6olden Euadrilateral have )een firmed up.
The )alance 0(F& corridor pro/ects shall )e a"arded in
A;;4C;+.
-vaila)ility of skilled manpo"er
&orld $ank and -7$ funds are flo"ing in cess an petrol
and diesel is generating good funds.
-nticipated market gro"th of A4C4;G per year in Road construction
eHuipment sector
The significance of roads in the economic development of a nation cannot )e
overemphasized. It is the oldest and the most popular mote of transportation.
Indio has one of the )iggest road net"orks in the "orld =4.4 million km>, comprising
national high"ays =<?,?<3 km>, state high"ays =:4:,233 km>, district roads, and
rural roads, ur)an
Roads and special roads designed for military purposes and for' part connectivity.
Indian roads )ear a)out 2? percent of passenger and 5; percent of goods traffic.
0ational high"ays comparison less than A percent of the total road length )ut a"ay
+; percent of traffic.
The national high"ays are the duty of the Ministry of Road Transport and igh"ay
=M-RT> and the 0ational igh"ays -uthority of India =0-I>, "hile states have
different )odies to manage their road net"orks. In most states. ,u)lic "orks
departments look otter road development and maintenance.
Road conditions in general go a"ay much to )e desired. Ma/or roads suffer from
ruthless capacity. %onstraints. Most national high"ays are t"o lane or single lane.
.nly recently has an active process of four lane national high"ays started. $esides,
road safety in India is lo" India has 3 percent of the "orld's road futalities "hite only
+.A percent of the "orld's vehicles run on the Indian road net"ork.
In :33?, the 0-I "as reacted to get faster road development, over the yearsI the
0-I's responsi)ilities have gro"n manifold.
5
!oremost among them is the 0otional igh"ays 7evelopment ,rogrammed =07,>
aiming at four laning of :4,:+< km of national high"ays. The 07, has three
phases no" =expanded from initial t"o>.
The Rs +.. )illon ,radhan Mantri $harat Jato ,ariyo/an has )een )rought under
the 07, as phaseCIII. It involves the development of :;,;;; kms of roads.
-nother ma/or programme is the <;; )illion ,radhan Mantri 6ram (adak 9o/ana
looking for to connect ha)itations "ith population of more than ?;; )y the year A;;5.
The road sector in India has )een a)le to )e a focus for some ,vt. ,articipation.
Three formats of pu)lic ,vt., partnership pro/ects have come up. These are the $.T
)ased annuity )ased and the (,K formats.
(everal (tate governments have sho"n proposal in enacting legislation and in
implementing ,vt. Road pro/ects. The overall circumstances look much more
positive. (ome level of urgency is clear at )oth the. %entral and state levels,
The Indian road net"ork is a)out 4, 4 million km long and comprises national and
state high"ays and other roads. .nly A to 4 percent of the national high"ays are
four landed and state high"ays suffer from severe capacity constraints.
Road 0et"ork
%ategory %omponent 1ength =km>
,rimary 0ational igh"ays <?,?<3
(econdary (tate igh"ays :4:,233
Ma/or 7istrict Roads +<5,5<4
Tertiary Killage and other roads A,<?;,;;;
Total 4,4:?,A4:
-pprox 4,4;;,;;;
6
7
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
(hri Rashmi)hai . ,atel %hairman
Mana)hai K. ,atel 7irector
Mrs. (onali)en -. ,atel 7irector
Auditors:
MB(.Kirendra %hinu)hai & %o.
%hartered -ccountants
Kisnagar
Bankers:
$ank of $aroda
Industrial Fstate $ranch
igh"ay, Mehsana
Works:
:?:, 6.I.7.% Fstate,
,haseC:, igh"ay,
Mehsana C 42A 5:;
=0orth 6u/arat>
Corporate Office:
@,arishram@
?B$, Rashmi (ociety,
Mithakhali %ircle,
0avrangpura,
-hmeda)ad C 42; ;;3
8
HISTORY OF THE COMPANY
This company "as incorporate on 5th .cto)er :33< In the (tate of 6u/arat as a ,vt.
1td. %ompany. The certificate of commencement of )usiness "as o)tained from the
Registrar of %ompany. 6u/arat on ::th 0ovem)er :33<. 6.-.F.1. "as promoted )y
MBs. -pollo Farthmovers ,vt. 1td. )elonging to the -pollo 6roup of 6u/arat in
association "ith 6u/arat Industrial Investment %orporation 1td. =6.I.I.%,> a state level
financial /ustitation. The -pollo 6roup of %ompanies, of "hich APOLLO
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPENT #P$ LT!. is the flagship, is India's 0o.:
manufacturer of road construction & maintenance eHuipment.
-pollo's investment R & 7 and Huality manpo"er help in nonstop improvement in
product Huality that more than meets the accessi)le Huality standard of Ministry .f
(urface Transport =M...(.T,>. Indian roads congress irrigation pro/ect International
%onsultants & %ustomers. The symptom of costumers confidence on the Huality of
the products and serves of -pollo lays in the customers )ase of over ?;;, of
eHuipment pollution of over :A;; and a market share of 5?G "ith sales and service
office at all the important location in the country, spare part and services are
availa)le on call.
The -pollo 6roup in 6u/arat )ased industrial house "ith a. )usiness track record of
45 years, their main interests are in.
:. Road %onstruction FHuipment
A. Road %onstruction
4. !iltration (ystem
+. (hip $reaking
The group started )usiness operations in :3<? )y esta)lishing -pollo Fngineering
%ompany for "ater "ell drilling constructs over a period of time. The company
integrated )ack"ards into production of drilling rings. It started manufacturing of
trailers and agriculture eHuipments,
In :35A, -pollo Industrial ,roducts ,vt. 1td. "as set up to manufacturer mechanical
paver finisher and hot mix plants. The company )usiness gre" steadily and
reputation in the market.
Therefore, in :32?, -pollo Farthmovers 1td. termmel "ith 6u/arat Industrial
Investment %orporation =6.1I.%.> to set up 6u/arat FHuipments 1td. The %ompany
started manufacturing 7rum type -sphalt ,lants and ydrostatic sensor paver
finisher under a technical colla)orating arrangement "ith $ar)er 6reene, D(-,
In July :33A, 6II% divested its entire ::G holding to -pollo Farthmovers ,vt. 1td. at
a negotiated price of Rs.:2.<3 per share.
9
SIZE, OF THE COMPANY
Industry can ho" classified into three categories
=:> (mall (cale Industry
=A> Medium (cale Industry and
=4> 1arge (cale Industry.
Small Scale Industry
-ccording to capital investment and industry, "hich has not invested more than 5?
lacks, is called smallCscale industry.
Medium Scale Industry
-n industrial unit said to )e medium scale unit in "hich capital investment in plant
and machinery is )et"een 5? lacks to :;; lacks.
Large Scale Industry
-n industrial unit said to )e largeCscale unit, "hich invest capital in plant & machinery
more than : crore & use po"er and also employed "orkers more than small scale &
medium scale industry.
APOLLO CONSTRUCTION EQUIPENT Pvt. LT!. is a small (cale Industry, "hich
is o)vious follo"ing are the main forms of organization.
(ole proprietorship firm
,artnership firm
Joint (tock company
%oCoperative sector
In /oint stock %ompany, those are various forms counted like statutory companyL
charted company, 6overnment %ompany, ,vt. company and also 1td. company etc.
1
ORGANIZATION CHART
%.O.!
&e'd o( )or*s E+ecutive !irector
,.. Pro A.,.. Pro 'r*etin-
!esi-n QA. 'teri'l Cus.C're
P'ver p'ver Purc/'se stores sp'r
service
!evelopment Production
A0C Pl'nnin- 1!P
'inten'nce !isp'tc/ 0C S/op !02 %
Prod Prod
&R!
Electric'l

T3.o(( ,ener'l
!
GOALS OF THE COMPANY
11
LONG !"M OB#!CI$! O% &! COM'AN(
Matter market leadership in product line,
Maintain market )et"een International presence competitors.
Fnlarge capa)le manpo"er for industrial needs.
S&O" !"M OB#!CI$! O% &! COM'AN(
$rink tern over of inventory ratio at 2.
7ecrease delivery time.
%arry all a great seller to Huality level of excellent guide.
Farn I(. %ertificate
1aunch frontCend loader.
S!CON)A"( OB#!CI$! O% &! COM'AN(
8eep leadership through improved technology availed )y license B /oint
ventures.
.ffer complete range of eHuipment for -sphalt Road $uilding Industry is stop
shop.
%ontinue to invest in Huality human resources and training.
-dd modern infrastructure, to improve overall productivity and Huality
standards.
-chieve T.M and Total %ustomer (atisfaction.
12
MISSION
The mission of the -pollo 6roup is to maintain leadership )y designing and )uilding
stateCofCtheCart Road %onstruction eHuipment, "ith the )est and proven technology
in the "orld, availed of )y license and /oint endeavor "ith the leaders in the industry.
&ith its Huality road construction eHuipment, -pollo shall play its part in making the
dream of high Huality, safe, smooth, dura)le and cost effective roads C a reality in
India and the rest of the "orld.
&ith the right mix of modernism and technology, -pollo shall pleasure the customers
"ith the complete range of eHuipment optimized for tough conditionsL .ne (top
(hop.
&e are ,artners, not /ust suppliers, deeply committed to the success of the
customers "ith our Kalue for Money eHuipmentI prompt service & support, extensive
training & education.
&ith the three ,'s C ,rocess, ,roducts & ,eople C "ell and truly in place, -pollo shall
)e the (upplier )y %hoice of the Road %onstruction Industry.
APOLLO GROUP FOCUS
13
CONS"*CION !+*I'M!N

-pollo construction eHuipment =,> 1td.
-pollo Industrial ,roducts 1td.
-pollo Farthmovers 1td. =$oth "holly o"ned su)sidiaries>
-pollo %onstruction ,ro/ects =,> 1td.
!L!"ONICS
%ircuit (ystems India 1td.
=- TK "ith circuit systems D(- for manufacturing ,%$s>.
!N$I"ONM%NL
Johnson (creens =I> 1td.
=- TK "ith Johnson (creend, D(->
IN$!SM!N
-pollo Industries & ,ro/ects 1td.
SAL!S , S!"$IC! O%%IC!
-hmeda)ad
%alcutta
Mehsana
%ochin
$angalore
7elhi
ydera)ad
Raipur
Mum)ai
%hennai
$hu)anesh"ar
0agpur
14
DEPARTMENTS OF THE COMPANY
There are many departments in -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. They are
follo"ing as under.
.R. 7epartment
-ccount 7epartment
,roduction ,aver 7epartment
,roduction ,lant 7epartment
7esign 7evelopment 7epartment
(tores 7epartment
,urchase 7epartment
F7, 7epartment
Machine shop
Maintenance 7epartment
Flectrical 7epartment
Euality %ontrol 7epartment
%ustomer care 7epartment
(ales 7epartment
15

16
INTRODUCTION TO PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
,roduction is the procedure )y "hich ra" material and other inputs are transformed
into finished ,roducts.
,roduction management refers to the application of Management principals to the
production function in a factory. In other "ords, production management involves
application of planning, organizing, directing & controlling to the production process.
SIGNI%ICANC! O% '"O)*CION MANAG!M!N
(mall ne" product lead time
(hort production time
$oost up productivity
-ugment production volume
Maintain inventory
Maintain Huality
Reduce production cost
,rovide customer satisfaction
Minimum "aste & accident
%*NCION O% '"O)*CION MANAG!M!N
,roduction planning
,roduction control
,lant location
,lant layout
Material handling
Inventory control
(tore keeping o ,urchasing
Repairs & Maintenance charges
Time & method study
&age disposa)le
17
RAW MATERIAL
The ma/or ra" materials necessary for the product series are mild steel sheets, steel
)ars, steel rod and steel pipes. The )asics steel is availa)le from (-I1's stockyard of
-hmeda)ad. -t the presents level of operation a)out ::<; tones of mild steel "as
consumed. -fter the prepare gro"th the company of optimum capacity utilization
"ould reHuire A;5; tones of mild steel.
The )ought out components include diesel engines, hydraulic )oxes, conveyer )elt,
"eighers, s"itches, sprockets, tyres, conveyer chins' and reduction gear )earings.
These are availa)le indigenously and can )e sourced from reputed manufacturers
like larceny and Tur)o, -shok 1eyland, 7unlop, (8!! )earings, !-6 )earing fanner
and others.
The critical item likes hydraulics motor, valves and pumps, grade and slap controller
asphalt metering pump are imported from D(-. The %ompany has )een a)le to
indigenes some of these components thus securing foreign exchange, the process of
indigenization in an engaging are and "ill )e fully completed in a short time, the
extent of indigenization "ould depend on domestic manufacturer a)ility to produce
them. The company has already su)mitted dra"ing to reputed many manufacturers
viz 1 & T, Roxroth, 7ynamitic, ydraulics yuken and atturs to develop these
components.
The consumption of imported ra" materials is A?G of the total consumption ra"
materials. The company has not entered into a long term arrangement for the
procurement of its ra" materials purposes to )y from the open market.
18
RESEARCH &. DEVELOPMENT
The company is not having an independent research & develops unit registered "ith
the govt of India. o"ever, product developmental activities continue to get a most
precedence in the field of process technology. Improvement in Huality, import
su)stitution etc. through the Huality assurance department.
Benefit )eri-ed As Are Sale Of A.o-e " , )
The company has )een a)le to su)stitute some of the indigenous spares, "hich
earlier reHuired to the imported.
19
TECHNOLOGY
Technology is most important factoring production of Hualified and )etter product
"ithout good technologyI production cannot )e manufactured in good manner.
Technology used in production of -pollo's product is follo"ing.
The company has developed indigenously the cold milling machine "ith inherent
technical strength and development capa)ility the company shall )e developing the
proposed products an o"n...
2
MANUFACTURING PROCESS CHART
1'4ric'tion
'c/inin-
Tool Room
Assem4l5 6
Testin-
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
21
!irst of all company purchase the ra" materials according to reHuisitely. %ompany
makes dra"ing for all the different products are making.
=:/%a.rication W0ere s0eets And 'lates Are Straig0tened Cut1 Bent , Welded1:
In the fa)rication shop, cutting & "elding of sheet metal and su) assem)ly of
components is under taken, The facilities in this shop mainly comprise guillotine
shearing machine and press )reak "ith hydraulic drive, punching, shearing &
cropping machine, plate straightening machine, semi automatic machine, su) merge
are "elding machines, "elding machines petitioners and other affixed eHuipments.
=A> Mac0ining W0ere Bars1 Structural , Casting Would Be Cut1 urned1 Milled.
S0aped2 Allotted1
Machine shop has general purpose, machine tools like lathes, horizontal )oring
machines, universal, milling machine, racial drilling machined, shopping machine
and planning machine. The %omponents reHuired for various products and )eing
manufactured and the )asis at design and dra"ing supplied )y MBs. $ar)er 6reeve
%ompany.
=4> ool "oom:
Toll Room is eHuipped "ith surface grindersL vertical milling machine & other allied
eHuipments and is supplementary to machine shop.
=+> Assem.ly , esting
The su) assem)led components are assem)led in this shop to form final product.
The )asic facilities comprise a paint shop and production testing eHuipments.
Thereafter the machines are tested, dismantled, packed and shipped to customers.
The percentage greeve )y customer to the -pollo eHuipment is phenomenal and the
-pollos eHuipment population in the country.
22
23
INTRODUCTION TO HR MANAGEMENT
The principal component of an orgies its human resources or. @,eople at "ork.@
Management of men is a challenging /o).
R Management is, the planning organizing, directing and controlling of the
procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation
of human resources' to the end that individual, organizational and social o)/ectives
are accomplished.
%*NCION O% &" MANAG!M!N
Training & 7evelopment
.rganization and development
Jo) design
uman resource planning
(election & staffing
,ersonnel Research & Information (ystem.
%ompensation B $enefits
Fmployee assistance
Dnion la)our relations.
OB#!CI$!S O% &" MANAG!M!NL
,ersonal o)/ectives
!unctional o)/ective
.rganizational o)/ectives
(ocited o)/ectives
The R Management is very important functions of any organization as it deals "ith
managing people, "hich are the most valua)le resource of any organization.
24
ORGANIZATION OF HR DEPARTMENT
The R Management is very key function of any organization as it activities "ith
managing people, "hich are the most important resource of any organization.
!or the efficient "orking of any organization sufficient support has to )e given to the
different reHuirement of its employees such as providing fair "ages, handling
graveness, and look after the "elfare of the employees, proper satisfaction and also
the training needs.
In most of all the cases all the large scale company has its different personnel
department. $ut in -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7. It has no
separated such department. -ll the functions of this department perform timekeeper
officer. Time keeping officers responsi)le for all the functions of personnel
department and he has all authority for them.
E+ecutive !irector
Personnel &e'd
Time 3eeper
-t -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T 1 ,vt. 1T7. all the decisions regarding
employees are taken very effectively. They give more important to employee's
efficiency and also fair "ages. ,ersonnel head al"ays remain a"are a)out
necessities of employees and try very much to fulfill them and provide cordial
environment to "orkers for "orking.
- 6.-.F.1 this department performs function such as manpo"er planning,
reHuirement, selection, main training discipline action and also training programmed
25
RECRUITMENT
Recruitment is the most important function of R department. Recruitment is nothing
)ut a process of finding & attracting capa)le applicant for employment )y recruitment
process. R 7epartment attracts capa)le and efficient needed person in the
organization. The follo"ing chart sho"s the process of recruitment.
Pl'nnin-
Str'te-5 !evelopment
Se'rc/in-
Screenin-
Ev'lu'tion 6 Control
26
SOURCE OF RECUIREMENT
Internal source
Fxternal source
IN!"NAL SO*"C!
,resent employees
Fmployee referrals
!ormer Fmployees
,revious -pplicants
!3!"NAL SO*"C!
,rofessionals .R Trade -ssociation
-dvertisements
Fmployment Fxchange
%ampus Recruitment
%onsultants
%ontractors
7isplaced ,ersons
Radio & Television
Mergers
There is not any particular policy for recruitment in -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0
FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7. %ompany gives advertise in the 0e"spaper for office or
management staff. %ompany gives advertise in unusual cases for technical or other
normal "orkers. -dvertisement collages, friends, relatives are the main recruitment
sources of company named -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1td.
27
RECRUITMENT SOURCE
Intern'l Source E+tern'l Source
!riends
Relatives
0e"s paper
Magazine
%ampus
recruitment
=Recruitment (ource of -pollo %onstruction FHuipment>
28
SELECTION
(election is a process of ad/usting or placing right man at right place. 6enerally there
is no certain procedure for selection of employees selection process varies from post
selection process starts from application received then after holding )eginning
intervie"s, reference check, final selection are steps of selection process, -ll
company may not have same selection procedure.
-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7. has not particular procedure for
selection. It selects the employees )ased a recruitment in each department & for this
they contract some contractors for the reHuire manpo"er.
The company also selects the students as an employee directly from the collage in
management staff. The selection procedure is follo"ing.
Applic'tion
2ritten Test
Intervie)
1in'l Selection
29
INDUCTION
The selected candidates are thoroughly unconscious a)out the company's policy and
operation and thus it is very much necessary to make to the employee a"are of the
"orking of the organization. The induction programme is specially designed for this
purpose only. This programme is at around and year in -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0
FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7.,
.
3
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
-s the time passes, seHuential technological advancement taken place and along
"ith the organization keeping pace "ith the development technology it is also
important to import proper kno"ledge and development competencies of the
employees to meet the challenges of the ne" technology and hence for this training
of employees is very important to time to time. $y such training and development
programme, employees feel that the organization cores for them and they try to
contri)ute the organization "ill )enefits )y ha"ing competent and dedicated
employees.
There are various types of training i.e. induction training, /o) training promotion
training and refresh training.
-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7. gives induction type of training.
This type of training is given to ne" entered employees in the organization. In
-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,vt. 1T7. the ne" comers have to take
the training for one or t"o years. It they are unkno"n of the "ork in -,.11.
%.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. There is no separate training
department. The training is given in the factor hour time. 7uring the training. Their
performance /udged. It the performance of employees is satisfied their employees
are taken in the permanents staff of the company. %ompanies send employees in
a)road too for training at company's cost it ne" change ne" comes in.
31
PROMOTION & TRANSEFER POLICY
,romotion is necessary )ecause it is restructuring of a /o) "ell done )y the
employee to retain & re"ard an employee for this year of service to the organization
to increase individual & organization.
-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. adapted seniority system for
promotion of "orked and also of office staff. %ompany also takes in the mind factor
like performance, capa)ility of "ork done, "ork accuracy and experiment of
employing promoting them. -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7.
gets )enefit of promotion such as keep employees in high morale sincerity of
employee's induction in cost training.
Transfer is the movement of all employee from one /o) to another "ithout involving
any su)stantial change in his duties responsi)ility reHuired skills, status &
compensation. In -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7., the
employee is accounta)le to )e transferred to any part of India or a)road or any place
of )usiness of the company altogether existing or acHuired later in any part of India
or a)road or any time. The employee is also lia)le to )e deputed to "ork in and B or
assigned the "ork of the sister concerns and I or su)sidiaries or any other company I
organization as per the arrangement and B or agreement "hich the company has and
B or may have "ith such other companies B organizations, "ithout any extra payment.
M$ut -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. has no any other )ranch.
In his company in rare case employees are transferred from one /o) to another /o).N
32
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
,erformance appraisal is the system )y "hich the management tries to find out ho"
effective it has )een hiring & placing the employees. - performance appraisal
process is the process of education of all employees performance of a /o) in term of
its reHuirements.
MIn -,.11. %.0(TR%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7., a performance is revie"ed at
regular interval i.e. Huarterly B half yearly, "hich is solely under the discretion of the
management. - performance report is filled in )y the department head of the
respective employees along "ith the self appraisal of the employees of their
performanceN.
In -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7., most of the production "ork
is done on the )asis at the contract. The company gives contract to the ,vt.
contractors for production "ork. There is very less "orkers in company staff engaged
in production "ork compare to contract system. %ontractors appraise employees
categories under contract system are appraised )y contractors "hile staff employed
appraised )y company's o"n supervision. They record the employee's performance
regarding their "ork a)ility to do "ork & also )ehavior & these records are used in
promoting employees.N
MIn case of management staff, performance appraised )y each head of department.N
33
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SHEET
=(trictly confidential and to )e filled in )y the appraisal>
4A/ 'erformance "esult:
This refers to the Huality of output that the employee has delivered during the period
of three months, ensuring that the product meets the standard. The su) parameter
includesL
Ac/ievin- outputL The extent to "hich the employee I( achieving the
output.
T/e st'nd'rd o( output7 The extent to "hich the employee is
generating standard output.
Supervision7 The extent of self dependence sho"n "hich performing
the /o) "here the level of supervision is minimal.
Consistenc57 The %onsistency of performance that the employee
displayed during the period.
4B/ 5no6ledge of 7o.
This refers the kno"ledge that the employee has for the assigned "ork and ho" the
employee uses the techniHues and method involved in the /o) to achieve
organizational o)/ectives. The parameter includesL
8o4 3no)led-eL The kno"ledge of the su)/ects in regard to the /o)
that has )een assigned extent to "hich the employee is a)le to apply
the kno"ledge & skill on the /o) assigned,
E+ecution o( 2or* L The extent to "hom the employee is a)le to
successfully execute the "ork from their kno"ledge & skill,
3no)led-e S/'rin-7 The a)ility of the share kno"ledge "ith the
comCmem)ers.
4C/ Organi8ation and 'lanning
This refers to the "ay that the employee is organized and planned a)out "ork & the
"ay may employee the resources availa)le in fulfilling the organizational goal. The
parameter includesL
Accur'c5 6 Ne'tness7 The accuracy and the neatness "ith "hich
the employee performs duty to meet the standard output.
Resource 'n'-ement7 The a)ility of the employee to anticipate
the pro)lem & inform & give solution for the same.
Prioriti9'tion o( 2or*7 The extent to "hich the employee is a)le to
prioritize the responsi)ility assigned.
=7> "eporting
The parameter implies on the extent to "hich the employee is reporting their
respective in charges.
Reportin- to seniors 0Immedi'te &e'd7 The extent to "hich the
employee is reporting the activities assigned during the period.
34
=!/ Attitude:
This deals "ith the attitude of the employee "hile on the /o).
Ad:ustin-7 The extent to "hich the employee is too a)le to ad/ust
"ith the circumstances & pressure around in the /o).
Providin- &elps7 The readiness to help coCmem)ers "orkers &
seniors on the /o).
4%/ eam Spirit L
It refers the a)ility of the employee to "ork in team and utilizing the a)ility "ith the
coCmem)ers in fulfilling the goal. The parameter includes.
Te'm 2or*7 The a)ility to perform duty in team.
Le'ders/ip Qu'lit57 The extent to "hich the employee has sho"n
leadership Huality.
Coordin'tion )it/ em4ers7 The extent to "hich the employee is
coordinating "ith coCmem)ers.
otiv'tin- t/e Co;em4ers7 The a)ility of the employee to motivate their
%oCMem)ers under difficult situation.
4G/ Communication1
Interaction of the employee "ith the internal & external customers & to understand
the ad/usting and respective ness of the employee under stress conditions. The
parameter includes
Communic'tion )it/ Customers7 %ommunication "ith the %ustomers and
the extend "hich the employee is a)le to solve the pro)lem and keep the
customers satisfied.
Communic'tion )it/ Co;em4ers7 The a)ility of the employee to
communicate "ith coCmem)ers, "orkers & senior mem)ers.
4%/ Learning A.ility:
This refers to the a)ility of the employee to learn ne" things that add value to the
techniHue & the process of the /o) assigned. The parameter includes.
Re'diness7 The curiosity & readiness sho"n )y the employee to learn more
and inCdepth on the /o).
,r'spin- Po)er7 The a)ility of the employee to grasp ne" things on the /o).
Applic'tion Level7 The extend to "hich employee is a)le to apply ne" thing
learned during the /o).
E+c/'n-e o( In(orm'tion< The readiness sho"n )y the employee to pas
information on the latest developments around.
35
.
4I/ Initiati-e:
This refers to a)ility of the Fmployee to take initiative to put forth timeL and effort in
fulfilling the "as "ith latest supervision. The employee should )e a)le to handle
pressure and o)tain the aid, to the final o)/ective. The parameters include,
Sel( Initi'tive< The readiness to take initiative "hen situation demand.
!ecision Under Pressure7 The a)ility of the employee to take und initiative
important decision under stressful condition.
Innov'tion in 2or*0Process7 $ring a)out innovation in the "orkBprocess
assigned "ith the /o).
Pro4lem Solvin- A4ilit5< The capa)ility of the employee to solve pro)lems
arising during the process and "ork out ready solution for the same,
4#/ )iscipline9
This refers to the personal aspects of the employee in regards to the a)le of conduct
and the attitude that the employee displays. The parameter includes.
e'nin- Time< The a)ility of the employee in to perform duty on time.
Attend'nce7 -ttendance of the employee during the period.
Rules 6 Re-ul'tion< The extent to "hich the employee a)ide )y the rules &
regulation of the company.
Punctu'lit5< The punctuality & discipline maintained )y the employee during
the "ork.
36
SUPERVISION
MIn -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. the employee shall "ork
under the supervision & the company may decide control of such person as from
time to time. The employee shall diligently and faithfully carry out instructions given
)y his supervisors and B or persons under "hom he is placed to the )est of interest
of the company.N
37
GENERAL SERVICE CONDITION
PRO%ATION PERIO!7
The first < months for the ne" recruit as 6FT trainee in 6-I1 is considered to
)e a pro)ation period.
7uring this time the performance of the employee is regularly monitored and
appraised .If at the end of the period your 7epartmental ead feels that your
performance andBor )ehavior has not )een satisfactory, the pro)ation period
may )e extended for another six months or your service "ill )e terminated
"ith a notice period of A+ hours.
Fmployee under the pro)ation period "ill not )e entitled for leave of any
kind. 1eave taken during the pro)ation period "ill )e treated as @1F-KF
&IT.DT ,-9@
&ithin t"o "eeks of /oining employee should kno" the details regarding the
company and its product and people.
LEA=E 6 &OLI!A> RULES7
The preCreHuisite for availing leave involves filling up of the leave from availa)le the
time keeping office.
The points to pander "hile applying for leave.
=:> - permanent employee is eligi)le for the follo"ing leaves during the yearL
%1 =%asual 1eave> :; daysB annum
,1 =,rivilege 1eave> :? days B annum
C'su'l le've7
=A> %1 "ill lapse if not availed during the year.
=4> - maximum of 4 %1 can )e availed at a time.
=+> %1 cannot )e com)ined "ith the ,1
=?> The employee must get his B her
%1 approval from the 7epartmental ead at least one day in advance. Dnder extern
ordinary circumstances %1 can )e availed "ith ver)al Telephonic approval from the
departmental head. In the a)sence of the leave form, such leave availed shall )e
treated as @leave "ithout pay@.
Privile-e Le've7
=<> ,1 can )e availed )y an employee only after the completion of A+; days of
continuous service.
=5> ,1 can )e accumulated up to a maximum of <; days. Dnder special
consideration, the Management at their discretion may permit encashment of such
accumulated leaves.
&olid'5s7
=3> The list of days to )eL considered as paid B unpaid holidays =Max. :4 per year> "ill
)e circulatedI change in the list is lia)le and solely up to the discretion of
management.
38
Compens'tor5 Le've #CCL$7
=:;> -n employee "orking on holidays B "eek off B festival holidays C declared )y the
company is entitled for compensatory leave approval from the 7epartmental ead
-ccepting the reHuest to add such compensatory leave to the employee's %1
account shall )e at the discretion of the Management =This rule is not applica)le to
the employees "orking in the (ales !unction>,
2ee*d'5 o((7
=::> &eek day off for all the employees in -pollo %onstruction FHuipment ,vt 1td. Is
a &ednesday.
2OR3IN, &OURS7
The normal "orking hours at -pollo construction FHuipment ,vt. 1td. is divided into
t"o slots
2L4; -.M. to ?L;; ,.M.
3L:? -.M. to ?L+? ,.M.
The employee may )e late for max of t"o days and )eyond this lateness "ill )e
treated as halfCday. -t times "orking )eyond the normal "orking hours is
unavoida)le, hence the employee are expected to cooperate in regard to the same.
is hours of attendance and "eekly off shall )e regulated to suit the duties entrusted
to him from time to time, e may also )e reHuired to attend night sifts or intermediate
and or in the closed days for "hich he shall not )e paid anything extra,
TIE 3EEPIN,L
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. is separate time office. !or keeping the
employees a)senteeism record, system is operated )y time office, ere punching
card system has )een developed every employee is given a punching and "hile
entering in plant that card is to )e punched & at the time ofCleaving the same shou:d
)e punched. &hen the card punch, the num)er is recorded in computer insuring
employees presence in the organization, ,lant "ork of 2 hours, single shift 2L4; am,
to ?L;; p.m. There is )reak for lunch of one hours from :AL;; to :L;;, employees
also are given overtime "hen there is high )urden of "ork. There are "eekly holiday
an &ednesday.
!ETAILS O1 T&E 2OR3ERS<
The num)ers of employee "orking in company are given as under.
,ermanent Fmployees C A;
Dnder %ontract &orkers C 4;
In office all employees have an experience of "ork and it includes engineers,
accountants, computer operator, officers, technical designer and clerks.
PERSONAL RECOR!S7
Maintaining record is one of the main functions of personnel department, "hich gives
the personal details of the employees employed in the organization. -pollo
%onstruction FHuipment 1td. records detail of all employees keeping different
accounts of employees. &e can find information of employee from his account & all
39
these accounts maintain time keeping officials in -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td.
WAGES & SALARY ADMINISTRATIOIN
@&ages & (alary administration@ refers to the esta)lishment and implementation of
sound policies in practices of employee's compensation. ,ayment to la)our engaged
directly in production is called "ages. In other "ords, "ages have direct duration
"hich the production. (alary is the remuneration for the Huantum of services
rendered )y persons, "hose output is difficult,
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. has a strange "ages & salary administration.
The company paid salary and "ages to employees fairly and satisfactorily.
The date of salary for the employees of -pollo %onstruction FHuipment ,vt. 1td. "ill
)e the 5'h day of the month. The salary slip needs to )e collected from the time
keeping office )y the every employee. The )ank does the 5;GC 2;G payment of
(alary & "ages & every employee is independent for getting the salary from the
)ank.
In the year A;;+C;?, the company has paid Rs.:, ?+, 2;,4AA to employees as a
"ages & salary contri)ution. 7uring the year A;;+C;? the company paid R(.A<.55,
+A? as remuneration to the Managing 7irectors & Fxecutive 7irectors.
&hile determining the "ages & salary the ma/or factors are organization's a)ility the
pay supply & demand of la)our, their prevailing market rote, cost of living, /o)
reHuirement etc are considered.
Apollo Construction Equipment Ltd. Polic5 (or 2'-es 6 s'l'r57
6enerally there are t"o types of demand.
,rice "ages system
Time "ages system
-ccording to the price "age system, "orkers are paid according to "ork done )y
them in other hand, -ccording to time "age system, "orkers are paid according to
hour of "ork done )y them. -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. has adopted time
"age system and all "orkers are paid according to this system.
PRO=I!ENT 1UN! SC&EEL
,rovident fund scheme is an important scheme and the )enefits of it employees get
after the retirement. -lmost all the organization has this scheme. It is fund in "hich
)oth employees & employer contri)ute.
%onus7
=:> -ccording to the payment of $onus -ct, :3<? $onus is paid to the employees at
rate of 2.44G min. to A;G max. of the )asic salary =Maximum 1td. of the )asic salary
is only Rs.A?;;:C>
=A> .nly permanent employees can avail the facility.
4
=4> The payment is made during 7i"ali =4;th (eptem)er>
SEPARATION7
-ny Mem)er, "ho needs separation from the company should give are mouth prior
notice to the Management or the 7epartmental ead "here the management "ill
give A+ hours of notice to the employees under pro)ation. Misconduct and one
month prior notice for permanent employees.
-pollo construction FHuipment 1td.
RETIREENTL
In t -pollo construction FHuipment 1td., the employee shall entire on his reaching the
aged of ?2 or earlier, if found medically unfit for the /o) designed to him at the sole
discretion of the company. the age or date of )irth already given )y the employee in
his application or provident fund declaration, achiever is earlier, shall )e treated as
)inding & final. The company may at its sale desertions extend the term of
employment )eyond the age of retirement an terms as specifically decided & agreed.
SECREC>7
In -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td., no mem)er shall give in "riting to any person
or )y communication to pu)lic papers, /ournals, )ooks or )y speech or discussion or
any other mode of communication descried or cause to )e disclosed at any time
during the service or after service, any secret or confidential information or document
relating to the company except "ith the approval of the Management.
O%SER=ANCE O1 RULE7
-ll the mem)er of 6-F1 shall )e personally responsi)le for the proper & faithful
o)servance of the company rules as applica)le to the esta)lishment from time to
time.
41
FRINGE BENEFITS, PROVIDED TO THE EMPLOYEES BY THE
COMPANY
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. provides t"o types of )enefits to the
employees...
Monitory )enefits
0onCmonitory )enefits
onitor5 4ene(its7
$onus & 6ratuity
,ension & ,rovident !und
(alary & &ages
Non;monitor5 4ene(itsL
%anteen
(taff )us service till Mehsana 7istrict
(hoes, 7ress, 6loves, CFye 6lass etc.
-nnually entertainment program
%ricket program
To"ingL The employee is lia)le to travel as reHuired )y the company from
time to time
Inventions 'nd !iscoveries7
7uring the tenure of the employment the employees making any discoveries relating
to any improvements connected to "ith the Manufacturing of any product "hich the
company manufactures or deals in or relating to any improvements in methods of
kno" ho" or formulates during the period of training & thereafter during his
employment under the company, the same shall )e the sale & a)solute property of
the company "ithout any payment )eing made. The company may in return for the
same grant such consideration to him as the company may deem fit and necessary
and the company's decision as to the suita)ility of the said considerations shall@ )e
final.
Service E+clusiveL
Fvery mem)er shall devote their "hole time and energy exclusively to the )usiness
& interest of the company. -ny mem)er' shall not only directly or indirectly engage in
any other profession )usiness or enter the service of or )e employed in any capacity
or for any other person "hatsoever & for any part of their time )y any other person,
firm or company & shall not have any financial dealings directly or indirectly. Fvery
mem)er of -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. should not hold himself or herself in
readiness to perform any duty reHuired )y their supervisors to the )est of one's
a)ility. $reach of this rule shall )e extreme misconduct & appropriate action
amounting to financial penalty may )e levied.
42
%usiness Tr'ns'ctions 2it/ Rel'tives
Fxcept "ith the prior consent of Mai:agement, the employee shall not enter into any
contract or have any )usiness transactions or dealings for the sale purchase or
supply any goods, materials or service on )ehalf of the company "ith any relative or
"ith any firm or company in "hich he himself or his relative is interested.
!or the purpose of this clause, @Relative@ means up to third, degree relations of self
and "ife. !irst degree relatives "ill )e !ather, Mother, $rother, (ister, &ife &
%hildren. The first degree relatives of theirs "ill continue second degree relatives of
the employees or his "ife & so on & so forth.
Insur'nce7
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. provides different. Insurance facility to the
employees.
F.7.1.I. =Fmployee 7eposit 1ine Insurance
,ersonal -ccident Insurance &hich Is Totally $ared $y the %ompany
(pecial ,ersonal -ccident Insurance to the 8ey ,erson of the %ompany
&orkers %ompensation -ccident Insurance
The employees can get loan from theCemployee's society, "hich is run )y the
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td.
The company has right to give the training to the apprenticeship students.
The company gives stipend to the students of apprentice.
Qu'li(ic'tion o( t/e 2or*ers 6 'n'-eri'l Persons7
The "orkers must pass the I.T.I. Fxamination in Technical course.
The managerial persons must )e graduate & post graduate.
43
TERMINATION
Termin'tion on inc'p'cit57
In case during the continuance of his B her employment, the employment shall )e
incapacitated )y reason of illness or accident or other cause, "hether "ithin or
)eyond his control from attending his duties for period of three consecutive months
or for periods amounting in aggregate to three months in a year, the company may at
its discretion terminate his B her employment "ithout any payment in lieu of notice.
Termin'tion on insolvenc57
If the employee )ecomes )ankrupt or )e ad/udged insolvent or compound "ith his
creditors, the company shall )e entitled to terminate the appointment forth "ith
"ithout any notice or payment in lies of notice.
Termin'tion on misconduct 4re'c/ o( 'n5 service conditions re(us'l etc7
If the employee shall at any time )e guilty, of misconduct, commit any )reach of the
service condition or refuse or "illfully neglect to perform to the satisfaction of the
comp my any of the duties devolving upon him B her to commit any other act "hich in
the opinion of the company is pre/udicial to the interest of or is an act of misconduct,
the company may at once "ithout any previous notice, terminate. The service of the
employee
Comp'n5?s decision on termin'tion to 4e (in'l 'nd 4indin-
The company's decision as to the occurrence of any events mentioned a)ove to
clues :A, :44 & :+ shall )e final & )inding an the employee and the employee shall
not )e entitled to Huestion the same on any ground "hatsoever.
Termin'tion 45 notice7
&ithout pre/udice to clause :A and :+ a)ove, the services of the employee =after
confirmation> may )e terminated at any time )y either party giving one another one
calendar month's notice or one month's salary in lieu of notice.
Not to represent t/e comp'n5 '(ter t/e termin'tion@ Resi-n'tion 0 Retirement7
The employee agree that he "ill meet any time after, the termination of his
employment B resignation B retirement either personally or )y his B her agent directly
or indirectly represent himself )eing in any "ay connected "ith or interested in the
)usiness of the company.
44
UNION FREE COMPANY
Trade unions are associations of "orkers, "hich are specially formed to maintain
industrial peace and protect the rights of "orkers. Their main aim is to improve the
conditions of "orkers.
@Trade union is such an organization "hich is created voluntarily on the )asis of
collective strength to secure the interests of "orkers.@
O-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. is the union free company. Dnion free
companies are companies, "hich are nonCunionized. 0e"ly 3G of the companies
are "ithout unions.
STRATE,IES 1OR REAININ, UNION 1REE<
Fffective supervision
.pen communication
Fffective personnel research
ealthy & sate "orking environment
Fffective employer
Fmployee relations
Fffective remuneration
Fffective training & development programme
Fffective personnel planning, recruitment & selection.
45
46
TRADE FREE COMOANIES STRATIGIC & TACTICS
Fffective !irst 1ine .pen %ommunication Fffective ,ersonal
(upervision Research
Fffective ,ersonal Remaining - ealthy & safe
,lanning, Recruitment DnionC !ree &orking
& (election Fnvironment
7eve.programme Fffective Fffective Fmployer&
Fffective Training & Remuneration Fmployee Relation

!
47
MARKETING MANAGEMENT
The marketing concept holds that the achieve organizational goals that the key of the
organization is to determine needs & "ants of target market and to adopt the
organization to provide desira)le proCduct and give more satisfaction in that product
)etter than the competitors.
Marketing needs determining the need of the customers and converting these into
"ants. The main aim of marketing no" days is not only to maximize profit )ut also' to
maximize customers satisfaction so that the firm may )e a)le to stand up to the
through competition into the market & )e a)le to steady increment in market shares.
Marketing is the )used of every company, "ithout marketing of company can not
sale is product, the sale of product result into profit. Marketing includes alP (ources
and sets activities, "hich are necessary to the flo" of goods or product and services
from producer to customer in "ay of distri)ution. Marketing department include
product planning, market segmentation & advertising, thus every company has
deferent size of marketing department. It means size of marketing is differ from
company to %ompany
In -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td., there is separate marketing department,
"hich is handled )y the executive officer of the marketing department. The chart
sho"s the actual position of the marketing department and the su) department in it.
48
%o'rd o( !irector
C/'irm'n 6 !
E+ecutive !irector !irector
#2/ole Time$
'r*etin- !ep'rtment

S'les Promotion S'les
'r*etin- 'r*etin- O((icers E+ecutive
E+ecutive 'n'-er
49
MARKETING SEGMENTATION
Market segmentation means to separate a market into distinct groups "ith district
needs, characteristics or )ehavior "ho might reHuire separate products or marketing
mixes,
The customers are different in more than one matter that is to say their partiality, the
reHuirement, to their purchasing po"er,
They are also different from the point of vie" of geographically and on that reason
only organization can't get the proper response of customer to divide. The market in
any from is called the market segmentation
6enerally there are four types of market segmentation.
=:> 6eographical (egmentation
=A> 7emographic (egmentation
=4> (ocio economic (egmentation
=+> ,sycho graphical (egmentation
GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION IN APOLLO CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
LTD.
Apollo Construction Equipment Ltd. divides its m"r#et "ccordin$ to t%e $eo$r"p%ic"l
segmentation. 7ifferent varia)les are used to segment the )usiness marketI
)usiness market can )e segmented using money of the same varia)les employed in
customer market segmentation such as geography )enefits sough and usage late.
&ithin a choose target industry a company can further segment )y customer size.
The company might set up separate group for dealing "ith large & small customer. In
allover India they have for )ranch offices for selling and after sales (ervices. The
market structure of the -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. is as follo"s.
5
'r*etin- Structure
Corpor'te O((ice Re-ion'l O((ice
%r'nc/ O((ice
!el/i um4'i C/enn'i C'lcutt' &5der'4'd A/med'4'd
!rom the a)ove chart "e can see that the market of company is segmented as are
graphically )asis. They divided the "hole country in six regions, 0orth, Fast, (outh,
and &est ydera)ad & -hmeda)ad. The num)ers of the customer of company are
very less. -nd if reHuired large funds, so there is no necessity for segmenting the
market in demographics personal )ehaviors.
The corporate office of -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. is at -hmeda)ad.
51
MARKETING MIX
Marketing mix is the set of controlla)le strategic marketing tools product, price,
place, promotion that the firm )lends to produce the response it "ants in the target
market.
The marketing mix consists of everything the firm can do to control the demand for
its product the many possi)ilities can )e collected into four groups of varia)les as the
@!our,s@.
,rice
,roduct
,lace
,romotion.
52
4PS OF MARKETING MIX

53
&"r$et

Customers

'ntended
Positionin$
PROOTION
-dvertising
,ersonal selling
,u)lic relation
(ales promotion
PLACE
%hannel
%overage
-ssociation
1ocation
Inventory
Transportation
1ogistic

PRICE
1ist ,rice
%redit term
-llo"ance
,ayment
,eriod
7iscount
PRO!UCT
Karity
Euality
7esigning
!eatures
(ervice
$rand 0ame
PRODUCT
PRO!UCT PLANNIN,7
,roduct plays an important role in marketing mix "ithout product not anything is to
)e done marketing "ithout product )uying and selling are not existing in the market,
product, must provide greatest satisfaction to the customers company should
planning for products, so customers can get product simply at maximum satisfaction
and if also )e convenient for the company itself.
!or -pollo construction FHuipment ,vt.1td., product planning is easy task )ecause
its selling is an order oriented )asis. -ccording to customer also company makes
plans, so customer also fulfill their o"n necessity and &illingness %ompany also
does market research and according to its makes necessary changes in products
and provided maximum satisfaction to the customers company also provides after
sales service. There is no inventory of finish goods in -pollo %onstruction FHuipment
1td. for long period of time.
PRO!UCT !ECISIONS
There are some important decisions in the development and marketing of individual
products and services "e "ill focus a decision a)out product attri)utes, )randing,
packaging, la)eling, and product support services.
Product Attri4utes
%r'ndin-
P'c*in-
L'4elin-
Product Support
Services
54
Product Attri4utes7
7eveloping a product or service involves defining the )enefits that it "ill offer. These
)enefits are communicated and delivered )y product attri)utes such as Huality,
features, and style and design.
Product qu'lit5
Euality is one of marketers ma/or positioning tool product Huality has t"o dimension
level and consistency. ere product Huality level means performance Huality the
a)ility of a product to perform its function M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td.
provides )etter Hualitative products than compotators. The company strikes
consistency in delivering a targeted level of performance.N
Product 1e'tures
- product can )e offered "ith varying features. The company can create higher level
models, )y adding more features. !eatures are a competitive tool for differentiating
the company's product form competitors products. M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment
1td. produces different models of different products )y different features.N
Product St5le And !esi-n.
-nother "ay to add customer value is through distinctive product style & designI
7esign can )e one of the most po"erful competitive "eapons in a company's
marketing arsenal. 7esign is a larger than style. (tyle simply descri)es the
appearance of the product.
%r'ndin-7
- )rand is a name, term, sign, sym)ol or design or com)ination of these, that
identifies maker or seller of a product or service consumer vie" a )rand as an
important part of a product and )randing can add value to a product.
%r'nd Equit57
- po"erful )rand has high )rand eHuity. $rand eHuity is the value of a )rand, )ased
and the extent to "hich it has high )rand loyalty, name a"areness. ,erceived Huality,
strange )rand associations and other assets (uch as patents, trade marks and
channel relationships M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. has the most valua)le
)rand eHuity among the.N
M!"# B#$%&$' D()&*&"$+
55
%r'nd N'me Selection
(election
,rotection
%r'nd Str'te-5
1ine Fxtension
$rand Fxtension
Multi $rand
0e" $rand
%r'nd N'me Selection7
- good name can add greatly to a product success. o"ever, finding the )est )rand
name is a difficult task. M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. has manufacture's )rand
name.N
%r'nd Str'te-5L
- company has four choices "hen it comes to )rand strategy. It can introduce.
%r'nd Spencer
Manus $rand
,vt $rand
%oC $randing
1icensing
56
1ine extensions =existing )rand names extended to ne" forms, sizes and
flavors of all existing product category>
$rand extensions =existing )rand names extended to ne" product categories>
Multi )rand's =0e" )rand names introduced in the same product category>
0e" )rands =0e" )rand names in ne" product categories>
M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. has adapted t"o )randing (trategist those are
1ine extension
0e" )rands
P'c*'-in-7
,ackaging is the activity of designing and producing the condition or "rapper for a
product.
The packaging may include the product's primary containerL a secondary package
that is thro"n a"ay "hen the product is a)out to )e used and the shipping
packaging necessary to store, identity and ship the products.
57
Traditionally the primary function of the package "as to contain & protect the
productI ho"ever numerous factors have made packaging an important marketing
tool.
MIn -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. the main products of the company are very
huge. (o there is no special packaging for the huge. ,roducts )ut there are some
)olts, nuts, scre"s in those machinery so for those the packaging is needed. There
are also three types of packaging for them.
L'4elin-7
1a)els may range from simple tags attached to products to complex graphics that
are part of the package. The la)el might descri)e several things a)out the product
"ho made it. &here it "as made "hen it "as made, its contents, ho" it is to )e used
and ho" to use it safety finally the la)el might promote the product through attractive
graphics.
MThe -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. is the 1td. company so it has to follo" some
govt. rules & regulations a)out la)eling & packaging like the company has to follo"
the federal trade commission -ct' :3:+, fair packaging & la)eling -ct of :3<<. etc.N
Product. Support ServicesL
%ustomer (ervices is another element of product strategic more & more companies
are using product support services as a ma/or tool in gaining competitive
advantages.
- company should design its products & support service to. ,rofita)le meet the
needs of target customers. M-pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. provides the
follo"ing product support servicesL
The company has the different customer are department.
The company is to survey customers periodically to assess the value of
current services and to o)tain release for ne" once.
The company arranges the customer conference and invites their suggestion
and ne" ideas a)out the products.
If the customer has any pro)lems a)out the product. the company tries to
solve those pro)lems.
PRODUCT LINE AND PRODUCT MIX+
Product Line7
- product line is a group of products that are closely related )ecause they function in
a similar manner are sold to the same customer groups, are marketed through the
same types of outlets, or full "ithin given price ranges.
58
The product lines are related "ith companies strategic plan & marketing plan. It
considers market segmentation and target market.
P#"%,)- & .#&)( "/ -0( )"1.$2
59
Sr. No. Item Sellin- price
#Rs.$
: 8er) 1aying Machine O8,C+;Q 5,A?,;;;BC
A (lipformer O8,C:A;; (!Q AA,?;,;;;BC
4 Fxtra Mould for O8,C+;Q <?;;;BC
+ Fxtra Mould for O8,C:A;;(!Q 3:,;;;BC
? 8er) %utter "ith :< , ,etrol Fngine :,+?,;;;BC
< 8er) %utter &ith Fle. Motor 5?,;;;BC
5 8er) cutter =Kertical> :,:;,;;;BC
2 O&MC< std. ,averQ "ith kirl. +R:;+; Fngine & std.
(creed
::,;;,;;;BC
3 O&MC< std. ,averQ "ith 1eyland <.<? B kirl, +R:;+;
=Tur)o>Bkirl <R:;2; Fngine, Tel (creed & ,o"er (teer.
:4,A?,;;;BC
:; Mo)ile %ement %oncrete $atch Mixing ,lant A; %u.Mt :2,2?,;;;BC
:: Road marking Machine ORMC:;;Q =Fxtruder type> :?,;;,;;;BC
:A Road marking Machine O,&$Q "ith (creed :,+?,;;;BC
:4 6as ,reheated ?;; kg A,A?,;;;BC
:+ Road (urface %leaner <:,;;;BC

6
PRICING POLICY
,rice is the amount of many customers has to pay to o)tain the product. 7etermining
the price of the product is most important function of management. If company may
fail to determine price then it "ill definitely unsuccessful as far as management
concern.
%actors affecting t0e price
- companys pricing decisions are affected )y )oth interval company factor and
external environment factor.
,ricing decision
Intern'l ('ctor
Marketing o)/ective
Marketing strategic
&est
.rganizational
%onsideration
E+tern'l ('ctor
0ature of marketing & demand
%ompetition
-fter environmental factor
6eneral ,ricing -pproaches
There are main three general pricing approaches.
%ost )ased pricing approach.
$uyer =value> )ased pricing approach.
%ompetition pricing approach.
61

#A$ Cost %'sed Pricin-<
There are main t"o methods of cost )ased pricingL =i> %ost ,lus ,ricing =ii> $reak
even pricing
Cost plus Pricin-7
The simplest pricing method is cost plus pricing Radding a standard make up to the
cost of product.
-pollo construction eHuipment 1td. uses this cost plus pricing method. The company
/o) )ids )y estimating the total pro/ect cost and adding a standard make up profit.
-pollo construction eHuipment 1td. uses this method for many reasons.
(ellers are more certain a)out cost than a)out demand. $y typing
the price to cost, seller simply pricing.
&hen all firms in the industry use this pricing method, price tends to
)e similar and price competition is thus minimized.
Many people feel that costC plus pricing is fairer to )oth )uyers
seller, seller o"n fair return on their investment )ut do not take
advantage of )uyers "hen )uyers demand )ecomes great.
%re'* Even Pricin-7
(etting price to )reak even on the costs of making and marketing a product or
setting price to make a target profit.
='lue #%u5er$ %'sed Pricin- Appro'c/
(etting price )ased on )uyer perception of value rather than on the sellers cost .
Competition %'sed Pricin- Appro'c/
(etting price )ased on the price that competitor change for similar product.
=In -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td. the method of pricing policy is same for the
all the product of the company.>
PLACE
62
,lace includes company activities that make the product availa)le to target
consumers, ,lace includes the distri)ution channel, transportation, coverage,
location & inventory.
!ISTRI%UTION C&ANNEL7
7istri)ution channel of interdependent organizations involved in the process of
making a product or service availa)le for use or consumption )y the %onsumer or
)usiness Dser.
7istri)ution channel is also important element of marketing mix. This stands for
various activities, the company undertaken to make the product easily availa)le to
customers. In today's economy, the producer & customers are separated )y vast
distance so it necessary to fill this place gape' through channel 'of distri)ution as "ell
as physical distri)ution.
The product produced )y -pollo %onstruction FHuipment is capital product so it
reHuires more fund to invest in industries & they sates their product to the %ustomers
and in this type of industries the customer are fe" so that sales their product directly
to the customer. (o they adopt the zero level of channel of distri)ution. The
customers directly contact to the company for purchasing any machinery or plant
their reHuirements. There are not any middleman persons.
Thus the company and customers directly come into contact and sales )ecome
possi)le.
TRANSPORTATION7
Transport means to send & to get the product from one place to another place )y
Road, -ir, Train or (ea.
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment produce very huge machinery so the company
transports the product )y the trailer an road an internal level and international level
the company transport the product )y the ship, )y road etc.
Cover'-e
Apollo Construction Equipment covers the "hole international &national areas.
The company deals "ith the Indian company & foreign company
There is no competitor of the -pollo %onstruction FHuipment at the national level.
The company one of the largest & )iggest company in India.
63
PROMOTION
,romotion means )ehavior that exchanges a fe" "ords the merits of the
product and persuades to target customer to )uy it. In short promotion in
the communication to the customer.
,romotion include advertising, personal selling, sales promotion & pu)lic
relation.
A!=ERTISIN,
-dvertising donates manse employed to dra" attention to any o)/ect to
purpose. In marketing contents advertising has )een defined Oas any paid
form of not personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and
service )y all identification of sponsorQ
To spread ideas a)out the productBservice among the customer and
prospect. ,opularizing of product is the main purpose of advertising
activity.
There are many type of media )y them the companys can give the
advertisement & can spread the ideas of the product to the customer like
ne"spaper, magazine, TK, Radio internet, eCmail etc.
-pollo construction eHuipment is the construction company & related "ith corporate
sector. (o the company gives advertisement of its products in corporate Magazines.
(uch magazines, @%.0(TRD%TI.0 &.R17@ 'I07I-0 R.-7 %.0(TRD%TI.0@,
I0!R-(TRD%TDRF &.R17@ FT%.
SALES PROOTION
(oles promotion consists of short term incentives to encourage the purchase or ale
of a product or service.
There -re Main T"o Types .f (ales ,romotion ToolsL
%onsumer ,romotion Tools
Trade ,romotion Tools.
MThe -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T accepts the trade promotion tools.
The company gives discounts & allo"ances and the purchasing of the machinery )y
the consumers.N
PU%LIC RELATIONS
-nother Ma/or MassL ,romotion tool is pu)lic relations, )uilding good relations "ith
the company's various pu)lics )y o)taining favora)le pu)licity, )uilding up a good
corporate image and handling or handling off unfavora)le rumors stories and clients.
64
1UNCTION O1 PU%LIC RELATION !EPT.
,ress relation
,roduct pu)licity.
,u)lic affaires.
1o))ying.
Investor relation
7evelopment.
TOOLS O1 T&E PU%LIC RELATION
0e"s
(peech
(pecial events
&ritten material
-udiovisual material
%orporate identify material
,u)lic service activities
&e)site
MThe -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. also maintains the
relations "ith pu)lic )y special events like consumer conference, games etc.,
corporate identify materials, pu)lic service activities etc.N
65
PERSONAL SELLING
,ersonal selling is the interpersonal support of the promotion mix. -dvertising
consists of one "ay nonCpersonal communication "ith target consumer groups. In
contrast, personal selling involves t"oC"ay personal communication )et"een sales
people and individual customers. ,ersonal selling can )e more effective than
advertising in more complex selling situations.
In most firms, ho"ever, the sales force plays a ma/or role.
(ales force management as the analysis planning, implementation and control of
sales force activities. (ales personal server as the company's personal link to the
customers. It is the sales representative "ho )rings )ack much needed information
a)out the customer. The idea arose that sales representatives should kno" ho" to
diagnose a customers pro)lem and purpose a solution. The sales forces strategy
has implications for the sales force structure.
66
67
ORGANIZATION OF FINANCE & ACCOUNT
DEPARTMENT
.rganization structure of finance & accounting department is line organization
system. -ll the functions of finance is in the head of chief accountant... There are <
seniors follo"ing is the chart of finance & -Bc. 7epartment. .
C/'irm'n 6 .!.
E+ecutive !irector
C/ie( Account'nt
Accounts
Cler*
!orm the a)ove chartI "e can find that all the functions are distri)uted under the
chief accountant. Mr. ,.K. ,atel & Mr. (.8. Mooudra takes all the decisions regarding
finance, )ut last authorities are in the hand of the chairman and executive director.
Mr. -sit -. ,atel, executive 7irector is ultimate responsi)le person for execution of
any finance decision, clerk "orks under the head of accountant of normally
accountant "orks under the head of chief accountant. 7ue to the )etter finance
policy of company accountant, finance functions are operated smoothly and although
pro)lem.
68
FINANCE PLANNING
The finance planning is playing a very important role in company. The process of
estimating the funds reHuirements of the firm and determining the sources of funds is
called finance planning for every company, finance planning is must. The head of
account and finance department spars there most of the time in making planning of
finance. It they are not successful in making planning of finance. It they are not
successful in making effective financial planning, they never success in )usiness.
-ll companies have their o"n different plan a)out financing. (o financial planning
covers specially
&hat "ould )e fund reHuirement#
Maximum utilization of funds.
M-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. has it s o"n plan for fixing
financial reHuirements and maximum utilization of fund. In The -,.11.
%.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7.. the chairman decides the reHuirements
of funds in )oard meeting of company. !or helping accurate figure of reHuirements of
funds, they make < monthly or sometime yearly forecasts of funds. Fach and every
department maintained its reHuirements. -fter' deciding reHuirements of funds,
company tries to collect money and for this they arrange meeting "ith its )anker
such as (tate $ank of, India and 7ena $ank at a ratio <L+.
-gain management plans for proper maximum utilization of amount. They have
adapted enough controlling measure have that can ensure no idle funds. They have
set target for such /o) in terms of money period reHuired, time consumed, Huality
assured etc.
$y doing financial planning in good manner, -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0
FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. makes effective use of fund and there is no shortage or any
idleness of funds. In company so from that vie" paint financial planning has grater
significance.
69
CAPITALIZATION
%apitalization %omprises
."nership capital and surplus in "hat ever form it may appear.
$orro"ed capital, "hich consist of )ands of long term de)t.
There may )e o"ner capitalization or under capitalization.
%ompany is said to )e o"ner capitalization if its earnings are less in relation to its
capital investments. In other "ords, "hen )ook value of the company's share is
greater than its real value o"ner capitalization can adversely affect the company's
prestigeI it lo"ers the profit so interest of shareholder is also affected. It sometime
leads to high price or interior Huality product. %ompany is said to )e under
capitalized "hen real value of its shares is greater than )ook value. Dnder
capitalization results in higher profit, increase the prestige and good return to share
holder ho"ever, expectation from an under capitalized company increased.
(o al"ays "e should go for fair capitalization in
$ook Kalue S 0et -ssets
0o. .f (hares
$ook value for the year A;;:C;A
S :( 66( 28.461
2( 5(
66.51 )s
$ook value for the year A;;AC;4
4, ;3, <?,5<3
A, ?;,;;;
:A4.2< Rs
$ook value for the year A;;4C;+
A, 5A, <4,<34
A, ?;,;;;
:;3 Rs
7
$ook value for the year A;;+C;?
:, 4<, <2,?<4
A, ?;,;;;
?+.<5 Rs
71
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Inventory is composed of assets that "ill )e sold in future in the course of )usiness
operations. The assets "hich firm store as inventory anticipation of need are ra"
materials, "ork in progress finished goods. They are on important input of the final
product.
Inventory as a current asset differs from other current assets )ecause only financial
manager are not involved, Rather, all the functional areas i.e. financial, marketing,
production and purchasing are Includes. The vie"s concerning the appropriate level
of inventory around differ among the different functional areas. The /o) of the
financial manager is to reconcile the conflicting vie" point of the various functional
areas regarding the appropriate inventory level in order to fulfill the over all
o)/ectives of maximizing the o"ners "ealth. Thus, inventory management like the
management of other current assets should )e related to the over all o)/ectives of
the firm. The o)/ectives of inventory management consist of t"o counter )alancing
parts.
:> To minimize the firm's investment in inventory.
A> To meet a demand for the product )y efficiency organizing the firm production and
sales operation.
These to conflicting o)/ectives of inventory management can also )e expressed in
terms of cost and )enefits associated "ith inventories. -nd optimum level of
inventory should )e determined on the )asis of trade off )et"een costs and
)enefits associated "ith level of inventory.
The valuation of inventory at -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T,KT. 1T7., is
made under the consideration of the follo"ing paints.
Ra" Material and (pares are valued at cost
(tore and tools are valued at cost
(tore and tools are valued at costs
(emi finished & scrap are valued at cost
(crap is estimated realiza)le value
!inished goods are valued at lo"er cost.
72
RATIO ANALYSIS
e'nin-L
Ratio )roadly speaking is the @numerical relationship )et"een t"o num)ers. Ratio
analysis of statement stands per the process of determining & presentation the
relationship of items and groups items in the statements. Ratio analysis engages
Huantities measurement & shares precisely ho" adeHuate one key item is in relation
to another )usiness performance can )e measured )y the use of ratios.
Import'nce.
1iHuidity ,osition
1ong term saliency
.perating efficiency
.ver all profita)ility
Inter !irm %omparison
73
LI3UIDITY POSITION OF APOLLO CONSTRACTION
E3UIPMENT
1iHuidity refers to the a)ility of a firm to meet its o)ligations in the short run
usually one year. 1iHuidity ratios are generally )ased on the relationship )et"een
current assets =the source for meeting short term o)ligations> and current lia)ilities.
The important liHuidity
ratios are current ratio and
acid test ratio.
%urrent RatioS %urrent assets
%urrent lia)ilities
Euick RatioS Euick assets
%urrent lia)ilities
Return on FHuity RatioS profit after tax
-verage total assets
Year Current
Ratio
Acid test
Ratio
Return on
euit! ratio
21*2 1.6 .4 1.69
22*3 1.49 .34 2.46
23*4 3.17 1.2 3.14
24*5 1.72 .62 2.21
A"era#e 1.99 .55 2.37
74
Current li'4ilities r'tio7 ;
This is the ratio of current lia)ilities. It is a "idely used indicator of a company a)ility
to pay its de)t in the shortCterm.
The current ratio of the company registered an overall increasing trend and
varied :.+3 times in A;;AC;4 during the period of the study.
Quic* r'tio7 ;
-ll current assets are not eHually liHuid. &hile cash is readily availa)le to
make payment to suppliers and de)tors can )e Huickly converted into cash,
inventories are t"o steps a"ay from conversion into cash.
-cid test ratio also called the Huick ratio. The acid test ratio is fairly stringent
measure of liHuidity. Euick ratio is not included inventories and stock. -pollo
%onstruction FHuipment has only one year Huick ratio suita)le. The Huick ratio of the
-pollo %onstruction FHuipment fluctuated /ust like current ratio specifically it
Return on equit5 r'tio7 ;
This is a measure of profita)ility from the standpoint of the shareholders. The
ratio measures the efficiency "ith "hich shareholders funds "ere employed.
>e'r Pro(it 'r-in
R'tio
Inventor5 turnover
R'tio
Assets turnover
r'tio
A;;:C;A 5.:+ 5.A 4.A2
A;;AC;4 5.44 3.? 4.34
A;;4C;+ 5.2< <.? 4.:3
A;;+C;? <.25 4.5 A.AA
-verage 5.4 <.5A 4.:?
75
Pro(it 'r-in R'tioS profit after tax
0et (ales
Inventor5 Turnover R'tioS cost of goods sold
-verage Inventories
Asset turnover R'tioB 0et sales

Pro(it 'r-in R'tio7;
,rofita)ility ratios measure the degree of of operating success of a company
in an accounting period. The only reason "hy investors are interested in a company
is that they think they "ill earn a reasona)le return in the form of capital gain and
dividend on their investment.
-pollo construction FHuipment profit margin ratio all the year increases except
A;;+C;?.
Inventor5 turnover r'tio7 ;
The mean of net sales and inventory "as <.5A times. The inventory turnover
ratio of the -pollo construction eHuipment registered a fluctuating trend and varied
from 3.? to <.? times. The highest inventory turnover ratio 3.? times in A;;AC;4.
- high inventory turnover ratio is )etter than a lo" ratio. - high ratio implies
good inventory management. - very lo" level of inventory has serious implications. It
"ill adversely affect the a)ility of a firm to meet customer demand, as it may not
cope "ith its reHuirements that are there is a danger of the firm )eing out of stock.
76
They should have neither too high nor too lo" inventory turnover ratio.
Assets Turnover r'tio7 ;
-pollo construction FHuipment assets turnover ratio all the year increases except
A;;+C;?.
This is a measure of the efficiency "ith "hich assets are utilized. It indicates ho"
many times the assets "ere turned over in a period. If the turnover ratio is high, the
company can )e said to )e managing its efficiently. If ratio is lo", it means the
company has more assets than it really needs for its operation.
Return on 'ssetsB ,rofit after tax
Aver'-e de4t collection periodS -verage de)tors
0et salesB4<?
E'rnin- per s/'re #EPS$ B profit after tax
0um)er of eHuity shares
Return on Assets R'tio7 ;
Measure of profita)ility from a given level of investment.
>e'r Return On Assets
R'tio
Aver'-e !e4t
Collection Period
#!'5s$
E'rnin- per s/'re
A;;:C;A A4.+: ?4 :<.34
A;;AC;4 A2.2A +? A+.?<
A;;4C;+ A?.:+ 44 4:.45
A;;+C;? :?.A? 4< AA.;3
-verage A4.:? +A A4.54
77
Aver'-e de4t collection
period
Measure of time taken
to collect de)tors.
E'rnin- per s/'re7;
!inancial analysts
regard the F,( as an
important measure of
profita)ility.
!e4tor Turnover R'tioB
,rofit after Tax
0um)er of FHuity (hares
!e4t to equit5 r'tioB
Total lia)ilities
(hare FHuity
>e'r !e4tor Turnover
R'tio
!e4t to Equit5
R'tio
A;;:C;A <.2< ?.;;
A;;AC;4 2.:+ <.;4
A;;4C;+ :;.33 ?.;A
A;;+C;? :;.:: 5.?2
-verage 3.;A ?.3:
78
!e4tor Turnover R'tio7 ;
-pollo construction FHuipment de)tor turnover ratio all the year increases.
In addition to overall measures of liHuidity, measures of liHuidity of specific
current assets are also necessary. The a)ility of a company to collect from its credit
customers in a prompt manner affects the company liHuidity. The de)tor turnover
ratio measures the efficacy of accompany credit and collection policy. The ratio
sho"s the num)er of times each year a company de)tor in cash. The ratio provides
some indication of the Huality of )oth the de)tors and the company collection efforts.
- high de)tor turnover ratio indicates that de)tor can )e considered good.
!e4t to equit5 R'tio7;
- "ise mix of de)t and eHuity can increase the return on eHuity for t"o reasons.
.ne, de)t finance is generally cheaper than eHuity. T"o, interest payment are
admissi)le expenses for determining the taxa)le income of the company. The de)t to
eHuity ratio measures the relationship of the capital provided )y creditors to the
amount provided )y shareholder. 7e)t includes all o)ligations, )oth shortC term and
longC term. The ratio indicates the extent of use of leverage. - high de)t to eHuity
ratio indicates an aggressive use of leverage, and a highly leverage company is
more risky for creditors.
79
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
&orking capital management deals "ith the management of the current assets. The
t"o different concepts of "orking capital are gross "orking capital and net "orking
capital.
6ross "orking capital refers to the firms' total investment in current assets "hile 0et
"orking capital refers to the, difference )et"een current assets current lia)ilities. -
positive net "orking capital "ill arise "hen current lia)ilities are in excess of the
current assets.
The "orking capital indicates the liHuidity position of the firm and suggests the extent
8
to "hich the "orking capital needs may )e financed )y permanent source of funds.
%urrent lia)ilities to constitute a margin a )etter for maturing a)dication "ithin the
operating cycle of )usiness. 6enerally, the conversional rules are to maintain thee
level of current assets. T"ice the level of current assets
is also conceder "hile determining this.
-t -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td., the management of the "orking capital is
very efficient and effective. 0et "orking capital of -pollo %onstruction FHuipment 1td.
is positive )ecause of higher level of current assets over the current lia)ilities..
R'tio Rel'ted To 2or*in- C'pit'l
%urrent ratioL C %urrent assets
%urrent lia)ilities
1or t/e 5e'r ended CDDE;DF B A.GC7 A
1or t/e 5e'r ended CDDH;DE B H.AG7 A
1or t/e 5e'r ended CDDC;DH B A.EI7 A
1or t/e 5e'r ended CDDA;DC B A.JD7 A
The current ratio is the ratio of the current assets to total current lia)ilities.
The current ratio of firm measure its short term solvency i.e. its a)ility to
meet short form o)ligation
PROFIT & LOSS A4C FOR THE YEAR ENDED 56
ST
MARCH
7889
81
PARTICULAR SCH
Current
Year
$Ru%ees&
Pre"ious
Year
$Ru%ees&
INCOME'
'ncome +rom oper"tion L 8(33(25(231 1(17(67(518
,t%er 'ncome - 11(56(411 8(34(289
'ncre"se ./ecre"se0 in inventories 1 .*35(21(60 85(63(96
TOTAL ()*+),*)*-. //)//),0)1,1
E2PENDITURE'
)"2*m"teri"ls 3 ot%er consumption , 5(31(79(769 8(3(79(447
Personnel )el"ted E4penses P 19(44(66 17(2(67
5in"nci"l C%"r$es 6 13(17(176 19((973
/epreci"tion 7(74(855 6(56(765
,t%er E4penses ) 1(62(92(54 1(58(64(829
TOTAL 1)30)*()-*, /*)*0)..),(-
PRO4IT 5E4ORE TA2 74(51(636 1(6(43(83
Less7 Provision +or &"4"tion 16(75( 24((
/e+erred &"4 Li"8ilit9 2(53(5 4(1(5
NET PRO4IT 4OR THE YEAR 55(23(136 78(41(583
Add7 :"l"nce :;+. +rom P.< 2(13(68(545
Prior Period Ad=ustment ************
C%"rit9 .* 11(0 .* 1(20
PRO4IT A6AILA5LE 4OR APPROPRIATION TOTAL .),()(*),(/ .).*)*,)*-0
A%%ro%riation'
Proposed /ividend 3 &"4 5(7(125 6(37(5
Prior period "d=ustments .1et0 1(5(423 ************
:"l"nce C"rried to :"l"nce s%eet 2(61(6(133 2(13(68(545
TOTAL .),()(*),(/ .).*)*,)*-0
%ALANCES&EET AS AT HA
ST
ARC& CDDF
PARTICULAR SC& Current
>e'r
#Rupees$
Previous
>e'r
#Rupees$
82
A SOURCE O1 1UN!S7
#A$ S/'re/older?s 1unds7
(hare %apital - A?,;;,;;; A?,;;,;;;
Reserve and (urplus $ A,5:,<;,:44 A,A4,<2,?+?
C@IJ@JD@AHH C@EK@JK@FEF
#%$ Lo'ns 1unds7
(ecured 1oans % 3;,A;,;A< :,+:,5A,23<
Dnsecured 1oans 7 :,:?,A<,4A+ :,+:,A2,++4
TOTAL F@DC@DJ@EKH F@HA@JI@KKE
C APPLICATION O1 1UN!S7
#A$ 1i+ed Assets7
6ross $lock :,5:,?+,3:; :,+3,5:,523
1essL 7epreciation A2,:<,4;? A;,+:,+?;
NET %LOC3 F :,+4,42,<;? :,A3,4;,443
#%$ Investment ! A,4:,++,45? :,4<,<A,:5<
4,5+,2A,32; A,<?,3A,?:?
#C$ current Assets@ Lo'ns 6 Adv'nces
Inventories 6 :,A+,;3,A35 :,5A,A3,535
(undry de)tors 2+,4A,4?3 5+,5;,A4;
%ash & $ank $alance I :<,A2,AA< :<,A4,:?4
1oan & -dvances J :,;:,+2,522 :,4?,;4,A5;
H@CJ@AK@JGD H@IK@CJ@EFD
Less7 %urrent lia)ilities & ,rovisionL 8
%urrent 1ia)ilities ,aya)le & ,rovision :,24,53,32A :,:3,A?,A?5
,roposed 7ividend & Tax ?,5;,:A? <,45,?;;
NET CURRENT ASSETS A@HJ@JK@FJH C@GC@JH@JIH
Miscellaneous expenditure A;,3+; A<,:5<
TOTAL ?,::,5A,+24 ?,42,2A,42+
Less7 7eferred Tax 1ia)ility 3,<<,;;; 5,:A,?;;
TOTAL ?,;A,;<,+24 ?,4:,<3,22+
SWOT
83

S
BUSINESS STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
E4tern"l >tr"te$9
Environment 5ormul"tion
5ormul"tion

>?,& @o"l
$usiness -nalysis !ormulation Implementation
Mission
84
!eed)ack
Internal & %ontrol
Fnvironment
Purpose7
- ma/or purposed of analyzing the environment is to discern ne" marketing
opportunities.
'r*etin- opportunities
- marketing opportunity is an area of )uyer's need or potential interest in "hich a
company can perform profita)ly.
85
SWOT ANALYSIS
The overall education of a company's strength "eaknesses, opportunities & threats
is called (&.T -nalysis.
- )usiness unit has to monitor key macro environment force such as demographic,
economic, technological political legal, and social, cultural and significant micro
environment actors customers, competitors, distri)utor, supplier, that affect its a)ility
top earn profit. The environment might present much opportunity, )ut a company
might not have the strength to exploit all the opportunities. (imilarly, sometimes a
firm "ill not have strength to meet the environmental threats.
(trategic management defines as @The set of decisions and actions, "hich leads to
the development of an effective strategy or strategies to help achieve corporate
o)/ective@
86
STRENGTH
The strength is the sym)ol of the firm sho"s the a)ilities of the firm. There may )e
internal or external strength. The organization can overcome its "eakness to convert
them into their advantage..
(trength provides competitive edge & reach over the competitors. There may )e
follo"ing strengths of the company.
-ckno"ledged market leader "ith high level of customer good"ill.
-l"ays close to the customer. ,roactive lather than reactive to changing
market needs
1arge customer $ase & igh $rand loyalty.
!astest deliveries of eHuipment and spare parts.
Fxcellent pre & after sales support through sales & service offices located in
all the ma/or cities of India.
Motivated sales & service team,
Eualified personnel Huick .n technology a)sorption.
ot mix plant )atch type "ith electronic controls, <; to A+; T, technologies
from 0iigata Fngineering %o, 1td., Japan.
Technical colla)oration "ith cedrapids inc D(- or %R 2?: ydrostatic po"er
finisher "ith automatic grade and slope control for pa"ing "idth of :; meters.
-,.11.%.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T 1T7. management is participating
mgt. so all the pro)lems of employees are solved )y the top level
management.
WEAKNESS
The organization may also survive )y avoiding the unnecessary "eaknessI
organization shall conduct the feed)ack and surveys to search for the latest
"eakness. It reHuires productive approach & in"ard looking methods to raise the
policies & procedures of the organization. 1ike strength there may )e internal or'
external "eakness a follo"s....
In competition "ith the foreign companies, price of the, eHuipments is high
compare the foreign companies.
There is a lot of noise pollution at the "ork place. This noise is dangerous for
the "orkers.
87
OPPORTUNITY
.pportunity means the chance to do something innovative or to take the advantages
of the possi)le space & gaps existing in the market. .pportunity al"ays exists )ut
main thing is they need to )e realized and recognized. This reHuires a strong
motivational factor and premium foresight.
THREATS
It is an important to analysis the threats of the )usiness (&.T analysis is very
useful mechanism in searching the latest threats situations are follo"ing as under@
There is no interference of anyone except the government )ecause
the -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T 1T7. is ,vt. 1td. company.
SUGGESTIONS
-fter preparing the "hole report & analyzing the "hole report, "e suggest the
follo"ing opinions for the -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7..
The company provides the transportation services to the customers )y some trucks,
trailers etc.
The company competes "ith the foreign companies. In this competition, the Huality is
good )ut the prices are higher of the -pollo %onstruction FHuipment ,vt.1td.
machinery than the other companies. (o the company should provide the machinery
at much lo"er cost or price.
In this company, there is lot of noise at "ork place, (o the "orkers can lose their
energy of hearing. (o the company should provide the earplugs to the "orkers for
their safety at "ork place.
88
C"$):,*&"$
-,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T 1T7. is India's 0o. : manufacturer of road
construction & maintenance eHuipment. There are very less competitor against
-pollo's product in market and Huality of its products is )etter than competitors. Its
products are increasing every year so there is )right future for company. The
chairman and managing director. Mr. Rashmi)hai ,atel is "ell experienced
person. e has 45 years experience in this field. The most important is that
company's main aim is not only make profit )ut "ith profit to provide maximum
service to the company in any time or position.
%ompany also contri)utes to the nation )y earning foreign exchange. %ompany
serves sorority providing full employment to the unskilled people and )rings up their
standard of living. -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7. is a)le to use
maximum capacity of manpo"er and also of technical kno" ho" no"adays.
%ompanies try to achieve I(. certified. &hich sho"s Huality improvement of
product# -nd )est management company has )een adapted foreign technology
colla)oration and /oin venture "ith foreign companies. $y these step of company
89
there may )e possi)le of improvement in technology kno"ledge in country.
1astly, I am of the opinion that -,.11. %.0(TRD%TI.0 FEDI,MF0T ,KT. 1T7.
has "ide (cope to developing in coming years,
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Re(erence %oo*L
=:> uman resources mgt. )y 8. -sh"athappa =+th Fdition>
=A> Marketing Mgt. )y 8otler & -rmstrong =3th Fdition>
=4> .rganization $ehavior )y 8eith 7evis =::th Fdition>
2e4site7
""".gu/aratapollo.com
'-'9ine7
Indian Infrastructure =Kol. KII>
Infrastructure "orld =Kol.>
9
Annu'l Report o(@ Apollo Construction Equipment7
A;;+ C;?
A;;4 C;+
A;;A C;4
A;;: C;A
91

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EXECUTIVE SUMMERY OF THE REPORT

The main purpose, of making this report is to study the situation of

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